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Pawlicka M, Gumbarewicz E, Błaszczak E, Stepulak A. Transcription Factors and Markers Related to Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Their Role in Resistance to Therapies in Head and Neck Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1354. [PMID: 38611032 PMCID: PMC11010970 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16071354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancers (HNCs) are heterogeneous and aggressive tumors of the upper aerodigestive tract. Although various histological types exist, the most common is squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The incidence of HNSCC is increasing, making it an important public health concern. Tumor resistance to contemporary treatments, namely, chemo- and radiotherapy, and the recurrence of the primary tumor after its surgical removal cause huge problems for patients. Despite recent improvements in these treatments, the 5-year survival rate is still relatively low. HNSCCs may develop local lymph node metastases and, in the most advanced cases, also distant metastases. A key process associated with tumor progression and metastasis is epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), when poorly motile epithelial tumor cells acquire motile mesenchymal characteristics. These transition cells can invade different adjacent tissues and finally form metastases. EMT is governed by various transcription factors, including the best-characterized TWIST1 and TWIST2, SNAIL, SLUG, ZEB1, and ZEB2. Here, we highlight the current knowledge of the process of EMT in HNSCC and present the main protein markers associated with it. This review focuses on the transcription factors related to EMT and emphasizes their role in the resistance of HNSCC to current chemo- and radiotherapies. Understanding the role of EMT and the precise molecular mechanisms involved in this process may help with the development of novel anti-cancer therapies for this type of tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Andrzej Stepulak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodzki Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (M.P.); (E.G.); (E.B.)
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2
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Chen Y, Lin T, Tang L, He L, He Y. MiRNA signatures in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives. Am J Cancer Res 2023; 13:5805-5824. [PMID: 38187072 PMCID: PMC10767356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a prevalent cancerous tumor that affects the head and neck region. Recent studies have provided compelling evidence indicating the significant involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the development and progression of NPC. This review aims to present a comprehensive summary of the current knowledge regarding miRNA signatures in NPC, encompassing their expression patterns, molecular mechanisms, and potential therapeutic implications. Initially, the article outlines the aberrant expression of miRNAs in NPC and elucidates their roles in tumor initiation, invasion, and metastasis. Subsequently, the underlying molecular mechanisms of miRNA-mediated regulation of NPC-associated signaling pathways are discussed. Additionally, the review highlights the potential clinical applications of miRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, as well as their therapeutic potential in NPC treatment. In conclusion, this review underscores the critical involvement of miRNAs in NPC pathogenesis and underscores their promise as novel therapeutic targets for combating this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- School of Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ting Lin
- Hunan Provincial Engineering and Technological Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology Diseases with Chinese Medicine and Protecting Visual Function, Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha 410208, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Lab for The Prevention and Treatment of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology Diseases with Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha 410208, China
| | - Le Tang
- School of Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Engineering and Technological Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology Diseases with Chinese Medicine and Protecting Visual Function, Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha 410208, China
| | - Lan He
- Hunan Provincial Engineering and Technological Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology Diseases with Chinese Medicine and Protecting Visual Function, Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha 410208, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yingchun He
- School of Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Engineering and Technological Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology Diseases with Chinese Medicine and Protecting Visual Function, Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha 410208, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Lab for The Prevention and Treatment of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology Diseases with Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha 410208, China
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Gohlke L, Alahdab A, Oberhofer A, Worf K, Holdenrieder S, Michaelis M, Cinatl J, Ritter CA. Loss of Key EMT-Regulating miRNAs Highlight the Role of ZEB1 in EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor-Resistant NSCLC. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14742. [PMID: 37834189 PMCID: PMC10573279 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), acquired drug resistance to targeted therapy remains a major obstacle. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been identified as a key resistance mechanism in NSCLC. Here, we investigated the mechanistic role of key EMT-regulating small non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs) in sublines of the NSCLC cell line HCC4006 adapted to afatinib, erlotinib, gefitinib, or osimertinib. The most differentially expressed miRNAs derived from extracellular vesicles were associated with EMT, and their predicted target ZEB1 was significantly overexpressed in all resistant cell lines. Transfection of a miR-205-5p mimic partially reversed EMT by inhibiting ZEB1, restoring CDH1 expression, and inhibiting migration in erlotinib-resistant cells. Gene expression of EMT-markers, transcription factors, and miRNAs were correlated during stepwise osimertinib adaptation of HCC4006 cells. Temporally relieving cells of osimertinib reversed transition trends, suggesting that the implementation of treatment pauses could provide prolonged benefits for patients. Our results provide new insights into the contribution of miRNAs to drug-resistant NSCLC harboring EGFR-activating mutations and highlight their role as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linus Gohlke
- Institute of Pharmacy, Clinical Pharmacy, University Greifswald, Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Str. 17, 17489 Greifswald, Germany;
| | - Ahmad Alahdab
- Institute of Pharmacy, Clinical Pharmacy, University Greifswald, Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Str. 17, 17489 Greifswald, Germany;
| | - Angela Oberhofer
- Munich Biomarker Research Center, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, German Heart Center, Technical University Munich, 80636 Munich, Germany; (A.O.); (K.W.); (S.H.)
| | - Karolina Worf
- Munich Biomarker Research Center, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, German Heart Center, Technical University Munich, 80636 Munich, Germany; (A.O.); (K.W.); (S.H.)
| | - Stefan Holdenrieder
- Munich Biomarker Research Center, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, German Heart Center, Technical University Munich, 80636 Munich, Germany; (A.O.); (K.W.); (S.H.)
| | - Martin Michaelis
- School of Biosciences, Division of Natural Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NJ, UK;
| | - Jindrich Cinatl
- Institute of Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;
| | - Christoph A Ritter
- Institute of Pharmacy, Clinical Pharmacy, University Greifswald, Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Str. 17, 17489 Greifswald, Germany;
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Martínez-Illescas NG, Leal S, González P, Graña-Castro O, Muñoz-Oliveira JJ, Cortés-Peña A, Gómez-Gil M, Vega Z, Neva V, Romero A, Quintela-Fandino M, Ciruelos E, Sanz C, Aragón S, Sotolongo L, Jiménez S, Caleiras E, Mulero F, Sánchez C, Malumbres M, Salazar-Roa M. miR-203 drives breast cancer cell differentiation. Breast Cancer Res 2023; 25:91. [PMID: 37542268 PMCID: PMC10401798 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-023-01690-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A hallmark of many malignant tumors is dedifferentiated (immature) cells bearing slight or no resemblance to the normal cells from which the cancer originated. Tumor dedifferentiated cells exhibit a higher capacity to survive to chemo and radiotherapies and have the ability to incite tumor relapse. Inducing cancer cell differentiation would abolish their self-renewal and invasive capacity and could be combined with the current standard of care, especially in poorly differentiated and aggressive tumors (with worst prognosis). However, differentiation therapy is still in its early stages and the intrinsic complexity of solid tumor heterogeneity demands innovative approaches in order to be efficiently translated into the clinic. We demonstrate here that microRNA 203, a potent driver of differentiation in pluripotent stem cells (ESCs and iPSCs), promotes the differentiation of mammary gland tumor cells. Combining mouse in vivo approaches and both mouse and human-derived tridimensional organoid cultures, we report that miR-203 influences the self-renewal capacity, plasticity and differentiation potential of breast cancer cells and prevents tumor cell growth in vivo. Our work sheds light on differentiation-based antitumor therapies and offers miR-203 as a promising tool for directly confronting the tumor-maintaining and regeneration capability of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria G Martínez-Illescas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
- Breast and Gynecologic Cancer Group, Research Institute i+12, Madrid, Spain
- Cell Division and Cancer Group, Molecular Oncology Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Osvaldo Graña-Castro
- Bioinformatics Unit, CNIO, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine (IMMA-Nemesio Díez), San Pablo-CEU University, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Alfonso Cortés-Peña
- Flow Cytometry and Fluorescence Microscopy Unit (CAI), Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Zaira Vega
- Histopathology Unit, CNIO, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Eva Ciruelos
- Breast and Gynecologic Cancer Group, Research Institute i+12, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Consuelo Sanz
- Breast and Gynecologic Cancer Group, Research Institute i+12, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sofía Aragón
- Breast and Gynecologic Cancer Group, Research Institute i+12, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Leisy Sotolongo
- Breast and Gynecologic Cancer Group, Research Institute i+12, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Jiménez
- Breast and Gynecologic Cancer Group, Research Institute i+12, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Cristina Sánchez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.
- Breast and Gynecologic Cancer Group, Research Institute i+12, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Marcos Malumbres
- Cell Division and Cancer Group, Molecular Oncology Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain.
- Cancer Cell Cycle Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain.
- ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - María Salazar-Roa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.
- Breast and Gynecologic Cancer Group, Research Institute i+12, Madrid, Spain.
- Cell Division and Cancer Group, Molecular Oncology Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain.
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Ai J, Tan G, Li W, Liu H, Li T, Zhang G, Zhou Z, Gan Y. Exosomes loaded with circPARD3 promotes EBV-miR-BART4-induced stemness and cisplatin resistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma side population cells through the miR-579-3p/SIRT1/SSRP1 axis. Cell Biol Toxicol 2022:10.1007/s10565-022-09738-w. [PMID: 35844005 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-022-09738-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the effects of exosomes loaded with circular RNA PARD3 on EBV-miR-BART4-induced stemness and resistance of cisplatin in nasopharyngeal carcinoma side population (NPC-SP) cells through the miR-579-3p/SIRT1/SSRP1 axis. METHODS Sixty-five cancer tissues and 65 noncancerous tissues were collected from NPC patients or patients with rhinitis. The expressions of circPARD3, miR-579-3p, SIRT1, and SSRP1 were detected by qRT-PCR, western blot, or immunohistochemistry. In vivo tumor formation assay was performed in nude mice. Immunofluorescence and qRT-PCR were conducted for the determination of CD44 and CD133 expressions, and flow cytometry combined with Hoechst 33,342 dye efflux for identifying SP cells, CCK-8 and EdU assays for cell proliferation, and Transwell assay for migration and invasion. RESULTS CircPARD3, SIRT1, and SSRP1 were upregulated while miR-579-3p was downregulated in NPC tissues and cells. CircPARD3 was positively correlated with the expressions of SIRT1 and SSRP1, and miR-579-3p was negatively correlated with circPARD3, SIRT1, and SSRP1. Exosomes loaded with circPARD3 promoted EBV-miR-BART4-induced stemness and cisplatin resistance in NPC-SP cells, while miR-579-3p reversed the effect of exosomal circPARD3 on EBV-miR-BART4-induced stemness and cisplatin resistance in NPC-SP cells. Additionally, miR-579-3p suppressed EBV-miR-BART4-induced stemness and cisplatin resistance in NPC-SP cells by regulating SIRT1. SIRT1 upregulated SSRP1 expression by catalyzing H3K4 methylation and down-regulation of SSRP1 reversed the effect of SIRT1 on EBV-miR-BART4-induced stemness and cisplatin resistance in NPC-SP cells. CONCLUSION Exosomes loaded with circPARD3 promoted EBV-miR-BART4-induced stemness and cisplatin resistance in NPC-SP cells through the miR-579-3p/SIRT1/SSRP1 axis. Graphical Headlights • EBV-miR-BART4 induces the stemness and resistance of NPC-SP cells. • CircPARD3 regulates SIRT1 by miR-579-3p. • SIRT1 regulates SSRP1 expression by histone methylation. • Exosomes loaded with circPARD3 promotes EBV-miR-BART4-induced NPC-SP cell stemness and resistance by the miR-579-3p/SIRT1/SSRP1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingang Ai
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Guolin Tan
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Honghui Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Tieqi Li
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Gehou Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yu Gan
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China.
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Pronina IV, Uroshlev LA, Moskovtsev AA, Zaichenko DM, Filippova EA, Fridman MV, Burdennyy AM, Loginov VI, Kazubskaya TP, Kushlinskii NE, Dmitriev AA, Braga EA, Brovkina OI. Dysregulation of lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA Interactome as a Marker of Metastatic Process in Ovarian Cancer. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10040824. [PMID: 35453574 PMCID: PMC9031843 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most common types of cancer among malignancies of the female reproductive system. This pathology is asymptomatic until advanced stages and has a poor prognosis. Our study aimed to search for lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA competing triplets that promote ovarian tumorigenesis. For this purpose, we analyzed tumor samples from the TCGA database and verified the results experimentally in a set of 46 paired samples of tumor and matched histologically unchanged ovarian tissues from OC patients. The list of RNAs selected in silico for experimental studies included 13 mRNAs, 10 lncRNAs, and 5 miRNAs related to epithelial–mesenchymal transition and angiogenesis. We evaluated the expression of these RNAs by qRT-PCR and assessed the correlation between levels of miRNAs, mRNAs, and lncRNAs. Sixteen significant triplets were revealed, in some of which, e.g., OIP5-AS1–miR-203a–c-MET and OIP5-AS1–miR-203a–ZEB2, both lncRNA and mRNA had sites for miR-203a direct binding. Transfection of the OVCAR-3 and SKOV-3 cell lines with the miR-203a mimic was used to confirm the novel links of miR-203a with ZEB2 and c-MET in OC. These connections suggest that the interactomes have the potential for diagnostics of metastasis at early onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina V. Pronina
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (I.V.P.); (L.A.U.); (A.A.M.); (D.M.Z.); (E.A.F.); (A.M.B.); (V.I.L.); (O.I.B.)
| | - Leonid A. Uroshlev
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (I.V.P.); (L.A.U.); (A.A.M.); (D.M.Z.); (E.A.F.); (A.M.B.); (V.I.L.); (O.I.B.)
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Alexey A. Moskovtsev
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (I.V.P.); (L.A.U.); (A.A.M.); (D.M.Z.); (E.A.F.); (A.M.B.); (V.I.L.); (O.I.B.)
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Danila M. Zaichenko
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (I.V.P.); (L.A.U.); (A.A.M.); (D.M.Z.); (E.A.F.); (A.M.B.); (V.I.L.); (O.I.B.)
| | - Elena A. Filippova
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (I.V.P.); (L.A.U.); (A.A.M.); (D.M.Z.); (E.A.F.); (A.M.B.); (V.I.L.); (O.I.B.)
| | - Marina V. Fridman
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Alexey M. Burdennyy
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (I.V.P.); (L.A.U.); (A.A.M.); (D.M.Z.); (E.A.F.); (A.M.B.); (V.I.L.); (O.I.B.)
| | - Vitaly I. Loginov
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (I.V.P.); (L.A.U.); (A.A.M.); (D.M.Z.); (E.A.F.); (A.M.B.); (V.I.L.); (O.I.B.)
| | - Tatiana P. Kazubskaya
- N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 115478 Moscow, Russia; (T.P.K.); (N.E.K.)
| | - Nikolay E. Kushlinskii
- N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 115478 Moscow, Russia; (T.P.K.); (N.E.K.)
| | - Alexey A. Dmitriev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Eleonora A. Braga
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (I.V.P.); (L.A.U.); (A.A.M.); (D.M.Z.); (E.A.F.); (A.M.B.); (V.I.L.); (O.I.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Olga I. Brovkina
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (I.V.P.); (L.A.U.); (A.A.M.); (D.M.Z.); (E.A.F.); (A.M.B.); (V.I.L.); (O.I.B.)
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, 115682 Moscow, Russia
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Aberrant Methylation of 20 miRNA Genes Specifically Involved in Various Steps of Ovarian Carcinoma Spread: From Primary Tumors to Peritoneal Macroscopic Metastases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031300. [PMID: 35163224 PMCID: PMC8835734 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Our work aimed to differentiate 20 aberrantly methylated miRNA genes that participate at different stages of development and metastasis of ovarian carcinoma (OvCa) using methylation-specific qPCR in a representative set of clinical samples: 102 primary tumors without and with metastases (to lymph nodes, peritoneum, or distant organs) and 30 peritoneal macroscopic metastases (PMM). Thirteen miRNA genes (MIR107, MIR124-2, MIR124-3, MIR125B-1, MIR127, MIR129-2, MIR130B, MIR132, MIR193A, MIR339, MIR34B/C, MIR9-1, and MIR9-3) were hypermethylated already at the early stages of OvCa, while hypermethylation of MIR1258, MIR137, MIR203A, and MIR375 was pronounced in metastatic tumors, and MIR148A showed high methylation levels specifically in PMM. We confirmed the significant relationship between methylation and expression levels for 11 out of 12 miRNAs analyzed by qRT-PCR. Moreover, expression levels of six miRNAs were significantly decreased in metastatic tumors in comparison with nonmetastatic ones, and downregulation of miR-203a-3p was the most significant. We revealed an inverse relationship between expression levels of miR-203a-3p and those of ZEB1 and ZEB2 genes, which are EMT drivers. We also identified three miRNA genes (MIR148A, MIR9-1, and MIR193A) that likely regulate EMT–MET reversion in the colonization of PMM. According to the Kaplan–Meier analysis, hypermethylation of several examined miRNA genes was associated with poorer overall survival of OvCa patients, and high methylation levels of MIR130B and MIR9-1 were related to the greatest relative risk of death.
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8
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Xiao J, He X. Involvement of Non-Coding RNAs in Chemo- and Radioresistance of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:8781-8794. [PMID: 34849030 PMCID: PMC8627240 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s336265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The crucial treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is radiation therapy supplemented by chemotherapy. However, long-term radiation therapy can cause some genetic and proteomic changes to produce radiation resistance, leading to tumour recurrence and poor prognosis. Therefore, the search for new markers that can overcome the resistance of tumor cells to drugs and radiotherapy and improve the sensitivity of tumor cells to drugs and radiotherapy is one of the most important goals of pharmacogenomics and cancer research, which is important for predicting treatment response and prognosis. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), may play important roles in regulating chemo- and radiation resistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by controlling the cell cycle, proliferation, apoptosis, and DNA damage repair, as well as other signalling pathways. Recent research has suggested that selective modulation of ncRNA activity can improve the response to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, providing an innovative antitumour approach based on ncRNA-related gene therapy. Therefore, ncRNAs can serve as biomarkers for tumour prediction and prognosis, play a role in overcoming drug resistance and radiation resistance in NPC, and can also serve as targets for developing new therapeutic strategies. In this review, we discuss the involvement of ncRNAs in chemotherapy and radiation resistance in NPC. The effects of these molecules on predicting therapeutic cancer are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Xiao
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumour Cellular & Molecular Pathology Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical College of University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiusheng He
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumour Cellular & Molecular Pathology Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical College of University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan Province, People’s Republic of China
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9
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Long Noncoding RNA OIP5-AS1 Promotes the Disease Progression in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma by Targeting miR-203. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:9850928. [PMID: 33628831 PMCID: PMC7884132 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9850928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a kind of malignancy generated from the nasopharyngeal epithelium. Recently, long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) has been shown to be involved in the regulation of many signaling pathways and is closely associated with carcinogenesis and tumor progression. However, the precise role of lncRNA Opa-interacting protein 5 antisense RNA 1 (OIP5-AS1) in NPC is not well understood. Here, we find that OIP5-AS1 is overexpressed in NPC patient specimens and NPC cell lines. Further investigations reveal that knockdown of OIP5-AS1 significantly inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion and accelerates the apoptosis of NPC cells in vitro. Consistent with these findings, NPC progression is significantly slowed in mice when OIP5-AS1 is knocked down. Interestingly, there is a functional link between OIP5-AS1 and microRNA-203 (miR-203), a tumor suppressor, in NPC cells. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that OIP5-AS1 plays an important role in the development and progression of NPC by targeting miR-203 and therefore provide a promising target for the treatment of NPC.
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10
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Rezaei Z, Sadri F. MicroRNAs Involved in Inflammatory Breast Cancer: Oncogene and Tumor Suppressors with Possible Targets. DNA Cell Biol 2021; 40:499-512. [PMID: 33493414 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2020.6320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) as a rare and highly aggressive type of breast cancer displays phenotypic characteristics. To date, the IBC-associated molecular mechanisms are entirely unknown. In addition, there is an urgent need to identify the new biomarkers involved in the diagnosis and therapeutic purposes of IBC. MicroRNAs, a category of short noncoding RNAs, are capable of controlling the post-transcriptional expression of genes and thus can act as diagnostic predictive tools. In this review, we addressed the status of oncogenic and tumor suppressor miRNA-mediated IBC in current studies. Furthermore, based on their targets, their involvement in cancer progression, angiogenesis, metastasis, and apoptosis were determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Rezaei
- Department of Biology, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Farzad Sadri
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Young Researchers and Elite Club, Yasooj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yasooj, Iran
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11
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Liang J, Sun T, Wang G, Zhang H. Clinical significance and functions of miR-203a-3p/AVL9 axis in human non-small-cell lung cancer. Per Med 2020; 17:271-282. [PMID: 32678693 DOI: 10.2217/pme-2019-0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Aim: We aimed to investigate the clinical significance and biological function of miR-203a-3p in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: The association between miR-203a-3p expression and clinicopathological parameters in NSCLC was assessed by χ2 test. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression model were applied to evaluate the prognosis value of miR-203a-3p. The biological function of miR-203-3p was explored using CCK-8 and transwell assays. Results: Significantly downregulated miR-203a-3p was associated with TNM stage, lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis. AVL9 was identified as a direct target of miR-203a-3p. Functionally, we found overexpression of miR-203a-3p inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion in NSCLC cells by targeting AVL9. Conclusion: Collectively, targeting the miR-203a-3p/AVL9 axis might help to develop useful therapeutic target for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou 221006, PR China
| | - Teng Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou 221006, PR China
| | - Guoxiang Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou 221006, PR China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou 221006, PR China
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12
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Fahim SA, Abdullah MS, Espinoza-Sánchez NA, Hassan H, Ibrahim AM, Ahmed SH, Shakir G, Badawy MA, Zakhary NI, Greve B, El-Shinawi M, Götte M, Ibrahim SA. Inflammatory Breast Carcinoma: Elevated microRNA miR-181b-5p and Reduced miR-200b-3p, miR-200c-3p, and miR-203a-3p Expression as Potential Biomarkers with Diagnostic Value. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E1059. [PMID: 32708601 PMCID: PMC7407124 DOI: 10.3390/biom10071059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is a rare yet aggressive breast cancer variant, associated with a poor prognosis. The major challenge for IBC is misdiagnosis due to the lack of molecular biomarkers. We profiled dysregulated expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in primary samples of IBC and non-IBC tumors using human breast cancer miRNA PCR array. We discovered that 28 miRNAs were dysregulated (10 were upregulated, while 18 were underexpressed) in IBC vs. non-IBC tumors. We identified 128 hub genes, which are putative targets of the differentially expressed miRNAs and modulate important cancer biological processes. Furthermore, our qPCR analysis independently verified a significantly upregulated expression of miR-181b-5p, whereas a significant downregulation of miR-200b-3p, miR-200c-3p, and miR-203a-3p was detected in IBC tumors. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves implied that the four miRNAs individually had a diagnostic accuracy in discriminating patients with IBC from non-IBC and that miR-203a-3p had the highest diagnostic value with an AUC of 0.821. Interestingly, a combination of miR-181b-5p, miR-200b-3p, and miR-200c-3p robustly improved the diagnostic accuracy, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.897. Intriguingly, qPCR revealed that the expression of zinc finger E box-binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2) mRNA, the putative target of miR-200b-3p, miR-200c-3p, and miR-203a-3p, was upregulated in IBC tumors. Overall, this study identified a set of miRNAs serving as potential biomarkers with diagnostic relevance for IBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Atef Fahim
- Biochemistry Program, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;
| | - Mahmoud Salah Abdullah
- Biotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry Program, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; (M.S.A.); (S.H.A.); (G.S.)
| | | | - Hebatallah Hassan
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; (H.H.); (A.M.I.)
| | - Ayman M. Ibrahim
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; (H.H.); (A.M.I.)
| | - Sarah Hamdy Ahmed
- Biotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry Program, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; (M.S.A.); (S.H.A.); (G.S.)
| | - George Shakir
- Biotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry Program, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; (M.S.A.); (S.H.A.); (G.S.)
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Mohamed A. Badawy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;
| | - Nadia I. Zakhary
- Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo 11796, Egypt;
| | - Burkhard Greve
- Department of Radiotherapy–Radiooncology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany;
| | - Mohamed El-Shinawi
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
| | - Martin Götte
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Münster University Hospital, 48149 Münster, Germany;
| | - Sherif Abdelaziz Ibrahim
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; (H.H.); (A.M.I.)
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13
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MicroRNAs and Their Influence on the ZEB Family: Mechanistic Aspects and Therapeutic Applications in Cancer Therapy. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10071040. [PMID: 32664703 PMCID: PMC7407563 DOI: 10.3390/biom10071040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular signaling pathways involved in cancer have been intensively studied due to their crucial role in cancer cell growth and dissemination. Among them, zinc finger E-box binding homeobox-1 (ZEB1) and -2 (ZEB2) are molecules that play vital roles in signaling pathways to ensure the survival of tumor cells, particularly through enhancing cell proliferation, promoting cell migration and invasion, and triggering drug resistance. Importantly, ZEB proteins are regulated by microRNAs (miRs). In this review, we demonstrate the impact that miRs have on cancer therapy, through their targeting of ZEB proteins. MiRs are able to act as onco-suppressor factors and inhibit the malignancy of tumor cells through ZEB1/2 down-regulation. This can lead to an inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) mechanism, therefore reducing metastasis. Additionally, miRs are able to inhibit ZEB1/2-mediated drug resistance and immunosuppression. Additionally, we explore the upstream modulators of miRs such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), as these regulators can influence the inhibitory effect of miRs on ZEB proteins and cancer progression.
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14
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Wang X, Wang C, Xu H, Xie H. Long Non-Coding RNA SLC25A21-AS1 Promotes Multidrug Resistance in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma by Regulating miR-324-3p/IL-6 Axis. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:3949-3957. [PMID: 32547230 PMCID: PMC7264158 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s251820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), one of the most common types of head and neck tumor, occurred in the epithelial lining of the nasopharynx and is mainly prevalent in Southeast Asia and Southern China. However, the molecular mechanisms of NPC multidrug resistance still remained largely unclear. Methods The qRT-PCR assay was performed to examine SLC25A21-AS1, miR-324-3p and IL-6 expression in NPC tissues and cell. The CCK8 assay and colony formation assay were used to detect cell growth. In addition, CCK8 assay was performed to detect IC50 values of different drugs in NPC cell. Results In this study, we found that SLC25A21-AS1 expression was increased in NPC tissues and cell line, and knockdown of SLC25A21-AS1 inhibited cell growth and MDR in NPC cell. Moreover, SLC25A21-AS1 acted as a ceRNA for miR-324-3p and facilitates NPC cell growth and MDR by regulating the miR-324-3p/IL-6 axis. Conclusion Our findings demonstrated the role of SLC25A21-AS1/miR-324-3p/IL-6 axis in cell growth and MDR in NPC, which might be a potential prognostic and diagnostic marker in NPC patients and provide new insight into the molecular mechanism of MDR in NPC chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Liangxiang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 102401, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunhui Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Liangxiang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 102401, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Liangxiang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 102401, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Xie
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, People's Republic of China
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15
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Tian Y, Tang L, Yi P, Pan Q, Han Y, Shi Y, Rao S, Tan S, Xia L, Lin J, Oyang L, Tang Y, Liang J, Luo X, Liao Q, Wang H, Zhou Y. MiRNAs in Radiotherapy Resistance of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. J Cancer 2020; 11:3976-3985. [PMID: 32328201 PMCID: PMC7171507 DOI: 10.7150/jca.42734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the head and neck in Southeast Asia and southern China. Although the comprehensive treatment based on intensity-modulated radiation therapy improves outcomes, the five-year survival rate of NPC patients is low, and the recurrence remains high. Radiotherapy resistance is the main cause of poor prognosis in NPC patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of endogenous non-coding RNAs regulating various biological functions in eukaryotes. These miRNAs can regulate the development and progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma by affecting the proliferation, apoptosis, movement, invasion and metastasis of NPC cells. The abnormal expression of miRNAs is closely related to radiotherapy sensitivity and prognosis of NPC patients, which can affect the transmission of related signaling pathways by regulating the expression of tumor suppressor genes and / or oncogenes, and therefore participate in radiotherapy resistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Here, we review the mechanisms by which miRNAs may be involved in the radiotherapy resistance of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Tian
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University and Hunan Cancer Hospital, Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China.,University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Lu Tang
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University and Hunan Cancer Hospital, Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China.,University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Pin Yi
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University and Hunan Cancer Hospital, Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China.,University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Qing Pan
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University and Hunan Cancer Hospital, Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China.,University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Yaqian Han
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University and Hunan Cancer Hospital, Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yingrui Shi
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University and Hunan Cancer Hospital, Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Shan Rao
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University and Hunan Cancer Hospital, Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Shiming Tan
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University and Hunan Cancer Hospital, Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Longzheng Xia
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University and Hunan Cancer Hospital, Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Jinguan Lin
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University and Hunan Cancer Hospital, Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Linda Oyang
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University and Hunan Cancer Hospital, Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yanyan Tang
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University and Hunan Cancer Hospital, Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Jiaxin Liang
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University and Hunan Cancer Hospital, Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Xia Luo
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University and Hunan Cancer Hospital, Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Qianjin Liao
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University and Hunan Cancer Hospital, Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Wang
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University and Hunan Cancer Hospital, Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yujuan Zhou
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University and Hunan Cancer Hospital, Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
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16
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Qin H, Qin C. Downregulation of long non-coding RNA NR2F2-AS1 inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by upregulating the expression of PTEN. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:1145-1150. [PMID: 31966043 PMCID: PMC6955651 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.11211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The novel long non-coding RNA NR2F2-AS1 has been characterized as an oncogene in lung cancer. The present study aimed to investigate the role of NR2F2-AS1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). The results demonstrated that expression of NR2F2-AS1 and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) were negatively associated with each other in NPC tissues. Furthermore, upregulated NR2F2-AS1 expression levels and downregulated PTEN expression levels in NPC tissues predicted less favorable survival outcomes in patients with NPC. Transfection of NPC cells with NR2F2-AS1 small interfering RNA resulted in increased expression of PTEN. In addition, NR2F2-AS1 silencing and PTEN overexpression resulted in decreased proliferation and an increase in the apoptotic rate of NPC cells. In conclusion, NR2F2-AS1 downregulation decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis of NPC cells via upregulation of PTEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Qin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Changping, Beijing 102218, P.R. China
| | - Chong Qin
- Department of Emergency, Dongying Shengli Hospital, Dongying, Shandong 257055, P.R. China
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17
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Wang L, Wei Z, Wu K, Dai W, Zhang C, Peng J, He Y. Long noncoding RNA B3GALT5-AS1 suppresses colon cancer liver metastasis via repressing microRNA-203. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 10:3662-3682. [PMID: 30530918 PMCID: PMC6326654 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are implicated in various cancers, including colon cancer. Liver metastasis is the main cause of colon cancer-related death. However, the roles of lncRNAs in colon cancer liver metastasis are still largely unclear. In this study, we identified a novel lncRNA B3GALT5-AS1, which is reduced in colon cancer tissues and further reduced in colon cancer liver metastasis tissues. Reduced expression of B3GALT5-AS1 is associated with liver metastasis and poor outcome of colon cancer patients. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function assays revealed that B3GALT5-AS1 inhibited proliferation but promoted migration and invasion of colon cancer cells. Further investigation revealed that B3GALT5-AS1 directly bound to the promoter of miRNA-203, repressed miR-203 expression, upregulated miR-203 targets ZEB2 and SNAI2, and induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In vivo study revealed that B3GALT5-AS1 suppressed colon cancer liver metastasis via its binding on miR-203 promoter and the repression of miR-203. miR-203 is increased and epithelial phenotype is preferred in colon cancer liver metastasis tissues. Collectively, our data revealed the suppressive roles of B3GALT5-AS1/miR-203/EMT regulation axis in colon cancer liver metastasis. Our data suggested that the activating B3GALT5-AS1/miR-203/EMT axis may be potential therapeutic strategy for colon cancer liver metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhewei Wei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Kaiming Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Weigang Dai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Changhua Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jianjun Peng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yulong He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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18
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Lai HT, Tseng WK, Huang SW, Chao TC, Su Y. MicroRNA-203 diminishes the stemness of human colon cancer cells by suppressing GATA6 expression. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:2866-2880. [PMID: 31544978 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The interaction between hyaluronan and CD44, an important cancer stem-cell marker, stimulates various tumor cell-specific functions such as the stemness of tumor cells. microRNA-203 (miR-203) can be downregulated by this interaction in human colorectal cancer (CRC) cells, which increases their stemness; however, the underlying mechanism is not yet defined. Here, we show that overexpression and sequestration of miR-203 in HCT-116 and HT-29 human CRC cells reduces and enhances their stemness, respectively. We also show that GATA-binding factor 6 (GATA6) is a direct target of miR-203. Our results indicate that upregulated expression of this transcription factor not only restores the self-renewal abilities of miR-203-overexpressing HCT-116 and HT-29 cells but also promotes the stemness properties of their parental counterparts. More important, we show that silencing the expression of either LRH-1 or Hes-1 is sufficient to diminish the stemness-promoting effects of GATA6 in human CRC cells. Together, our findings delineate the stemness-inhibitory mechanism of miR-203 in human CRC cells and suggest that this miR is a potential therapeutic agent for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Tzi Lai
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Shi-Pai, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Wen-Ko Tseng
- Program in Molecular Medicine, School of Life Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Shi-Pai, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Colorectal Surgery Department, Chung-Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung Branch, Keelung, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shi-Wei Huang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Shi-Pai, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ta-Chung Chao
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Shi-Pai, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yeu Su
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Shi-Pai, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Program in Molecular Medicine, School of Life Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Shi-Pai, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
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19
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Fardi M, Alivand M, Baradaran B, Farshdousti Hagh M, Solali S. The crucial role of ZEB2: From development to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and cancer complexity. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:14783-14799. [PMID: 30773635 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2) is a DNA-binding transcription factor, which is mainly involved in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT is a conserved process during which mature and adherent epithelial-like state is converted into a mobile mesenchymal state. Emerging data indicate that ZEB2 plays a pivotal role in EMT-induced processes such as development, differentiation, and malignant mechanisms, for example, drug resistance, cancer stem cell-like traits, apoptosis, survival, cell cycle arrest, tumor recurrence, and metastasis. In this regard, the understanding of mentioned subjects in the development of normal and cancerous cells could be helpful in cancer complexity of diagnosis and therapy. In this study, we review recent findings about the biological properties of ZEB2 in healthy and cancerous states to find new approaches for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Fardi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Immunology Department, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Immunology Department, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Saeed Solali
- Immunology Department, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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20
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Liu HY, Zhang YY, Zhu BL, Feng FZ, Zhang HT, Yan H, Zhou B. MiR-203a-3p regulates the biological behaviors of ovarian cancer cells through mediating the Akt/GSK-3β/Snail signaling pathway by targeting ATM. J Ovarian Res 2019; 12:60. [PMID: 31277702 PMCID: PMC6612229 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-019-0532-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether miR-203a-3p can regulate the biological behaviors of ovarian cancer cells by targeting ATM to affect the Akt/GSK-3β/Snail signaling pathway. METHODS The expression levels of miR-203a-3p and ATM were detected by qRT-PCR, immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting in ovarian cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues obtained from 152 subjects. A dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was performed to verify the relationship between miR-203a-3p and ATM. Human ovarian cancer cell lines (A2780 and SKOV3) were used to generate the Blank, miR-NC, miR-203a-3p mimic, Control siRNA, ATM siRNA, and miR-203a-3p inhibitor + ATM siRNA groups. The biological behaviors of ovarian cancer cells were evaluated by CCK-8, wound healing, and Transwell invasion assays, annexin V-FITC/PI staining and flow cytometry. The levels of Akt/GSK-3β/Snail pathway-related proteins were assessed by Western blotting. RESULTS Ovarian cancer tissues showed lower miR-203a-3p levels and higher ATM levels than adjacent normal tissues, both of which were associated with the FIGO stage, grade and prognosis of ovarian cancer. As confirmed by a dual-luciferase reporter gene assay, miR-203a-3p could target ATM. Furthermore, the miR-203a-3p mimic had multiple effects, including the inhibition of the proliferation, invasion and migration of A2780 and SKOV3 cells, the promotion of cell apoptosis, the arrest of the cell cycle at the G1 phase, and the blockage of the Akt/GSK-3β/Snail signaling pathway. ATM siRNA had similar effects on the biological behaviors of ovarian cancer cells, and these effects could be reversed by a miR-203a-3p inhibitor. CONCLUSION miR-203a-3p was capable of hindering proliferation, migration, and invasion and facilitating the apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells through its modulation of the Akt/GSK-3β/Snail signaling pathway by targeting ATM, and therefore it could serve as a potential therapeutic option for ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yun Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, 276400, Shandong, China
| | - Yu-Ying Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, 276400, Shandong, China
| | - Bao-Lian Zhu
- Department of Infection, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, 276400, Shandong, China
| | - Fu-Zhong Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, 276400, Shandong, China
| | - Hai-Tang Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, 276400, Shandong, China
| | - Hua Yan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, 276400, Shandong, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Linyi Central Hospital, No.17, Jiankang Road, Linyi, 276400, Shandong, China.
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Long non-coding RNA 520 is a negative prognostic biomarker and exhibits pro-oncogenic function in nasopharyngeal carcinoma carcinogenesis through regulation of miR-26b-3p/USP39 axis. Gene 2019; 707:44-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.02.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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22
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Zuo L, Xie Y, Tang J, Xin S, Liu L, Zhang S, Yan Q, Zhu F, Lu J. Targeting Exosomal EBV-LMP1 Transfer and miR-203 Expression via the NF-κB Pathway: The Therapeutic Role of Aspirin in NPC. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 17:175-184. [PMID: 31265948 PMCID: PMC6610683 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an invasive head-and-neck tumor with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) as an important etiological cause. The EBV oncoprotein Latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) can be trafficked into exosomes with unclear roles, and this trafficking is a potential problem in NPC control. MicroRNA-203 (miR-203) was found by us to be downregulated by LMP1, and it functions as a tumor suppressor in NPC. In this study, aspirin reversed the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by promoting miR-203 expression in cells, and, remarkably, it repressed exosomal LMP1 (exo-LMP1) secretion from EBV-positive cells. Nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) activation was required for the exo-LMP1 production. The exo-LMP1 uptake influenced the EMT potential of EBV-negative recipient NPC cells. The exo-LMP1 level was upregulated in clinical NPC plasma samples. Aspirin treatment observably inhibited NPC lung metastasis in nude mice. The study revealed that aspirin is a promising drug for NPC therapy via its targeting of exo-LMP1 transfer and the regulatory effect of LMP1 on miR-203 expression. EBV can regulate its own tumorigenesis via the LMP1/NF-κB/exo-LMP1 axis, opening a new avenue for understanding the pathogenesis of this tumor virus. Our study also provides a rationale for the use of exo-LMP1 or exosomal miR-203 (exo-miR203) in EBV-targeted therapy by aspirin in invasive NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lielian Zuo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410080, Hunan, China; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China; Institute of Neuroscience, Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Xie
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410080, Hunan, China; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Jinyong Tang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou 423000, Hunan, China
| | - Shuyu Xin
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410080, Hunan, China; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Lingzhi Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410080, Hunan, China; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Siwei Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410080, Hunan, China; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Qijia Yan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410080, Hunan, China
| | - Fanxiu Zhu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410080, Hunan, China; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China; Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Jianhong Lu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410080, Hunan, China; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China.
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Long non-coding RNA 319 facilitates nasopharyngeal carcinoma carcinogenesis through regulation of miR-1207-5p/KLF12 axis. Gene 2019; 680:51-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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24
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Jia F, Zhang Z, Zhang X. MicroRNA-338-3p inhibits tumor growth and metastasis in osteosarcoma cells by targeting RUNX2/CDK4 and inhibition of MAPK pathway. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:6420-6430. [PMID: 30484892 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is one of the most aggressive bone tumors. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been found to implicate in the pathogenesis of different types of cancers, including OS. This study aimed to explore the roles of miR-338-3p in OS and investigate the underlying mechanism. Human OS cell lines (MG-63 and U2OS) and osteoblast (hFOB) cell line were used in the study. The expression levels of miR-338-3p, runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) were altered by transient transfection and determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction/Western blot analysis. Cell viability, colony numbers, migration, and invasion, and apoptotic cells were measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, colony formation assay, transwell assay, and flow cytometry assay, respectively. Dual luciferase reporter assay was performed to identify the target gene of miR-338-3p. Western blot assay was carried to measure the protein expression levels involved in cell apoptosis, migration, and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathway. We found that the expression of miR-338-3p was downregulated in MG-63 cell and U2OS cells, compared with hFOB cells. MiR-338-3p suppression significantly increased cell viability and colony numbers, promoted cell migration, and invasion, but suppressed cell apoptosis in MG-63 and U2OS cells. Opposite results were observed in the miR-338-3p overexpression. Interestingly, RUNX2 and CDK4 were direct target genes of miR-338-3p. RUNX2 inhibition shared a similar effect of miR-338-3p mimic on MG-63 cells. Furthermore, miR-338-3p inhibited the activation of MAPK pathway in MG-63 cells. To conclude, these findings suggested that miR-338-3p functioned as a tumor suppressor in OS cells by targeting RUNX2 and CDK4, as well as inhibition of the MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Jia
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Hospital of Zibo City, Zibo, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Ping An (Hefei) Internet Hospital, Hefei, China
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25
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Liu S, Lian M, Fang J, Zhai J, Shen X, Wang R. c-Jun and Camk2a contribute to the drug resistance of induction docetaxel/cisplatin/5-fluorouracil in hypopharyngeal carcinoma. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2018; 11:4605-4613. [PMID: 31949859 PMCID: PMC6962968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hypopharyngeal carcinoma (HPC) is a subtype of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, and prognosis has improved significantly over the past three decades. Induction docetaxel/cisplatin/5 fluorouracil (TPF) chemotherapy is regarded as the standard of treatment for locoregionally advanced HPC. However, patients who do not respond to cisplatin suffer, rather than benefit, from chemotherapy treatment. The goal of this study was to identify molecules involved in TPF resistance and to clarify their molecular mechanisms. Using the FaDu cell line as the cell model, the TPF IC50 was identified, and c-Jun, IL6, Camk2a, c-fos knockdown using siRNAs resulted in a significant declined TPF IC50. Retrospective analysis of the expression status of c-Jun, IL6, Camk2a, and c-fos by immunohistochemistry staining in sectioned HPC tissues from TPF-sensitive and TPF-insensitive patients shows that Camk2a and c-Jun were associated with the clinical pathogenesic features in HPC. The in vitro experiments also indicate that both Camk2a and c-Jun were responsive to TPF treatment. This study identified Camk2a and c-Jun as candidate genes that confer induction TPF resistance, which would help in the discovery of potential therapeutic markers and in developing a personalized and precise treatment approach for HPC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuzhou Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hainan General HospitalChina
| | - Meng Lian
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Jugao Fang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of OtorhinolaryngologyChina
| | - Jie Zhai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Xixi Shen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Ru Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
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Functional Role of Non-Coding RNAs during Epithelial-To-Mesenchymal Transition. Noncoding RNA 2018; 4:ncrna4020014. [PMID: 29843425 PMCID: PMC6027143 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna4020014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a key biological process involved in a multitude of developmental and pathological events. It is characterized by the progressive loss of cell-to-cell contacts and actin cytoskeletal rearrangements, leading to filopodia formation and the progressive up-regulation of a mesenchymal gene expression pattern enabling cell migration. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition is already observed in early embryonic stages such as gastrulation, when the epiblast undergoes an EMT process and therefore leads to the formation of the third embryonic layer, the mesoderm. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition is pivotal in multiple embryonic processes, such as for example during cardiovascular system development, as valve primordia are formed and the cardiac jelly is progressively invaded by endocardium-derived mesenchyme or as the external cardiac cell layer is established, i.e., the epicardium and cells detached migrate into the embryonic myocardial to form the cardiac fibrous skeleton and the coronary vasculature. Strikingly, the most important biological event in which EMT is pivotal is cancer development and metastasis. Over the last years, understanding of the transcriptional regulatory networks involved in EMT has greatly advanced. Several transcriptional factors such as Snail, Slug, Twist, Zeb1 and Zeb2 have been reported to play fundamental roles in EMT, leading in most cases to transcriptional repression of cell⁻cell interacting proteins such as ZO-1 and cadherins and activation of cytoskeletal markers such as vimentin. In recent years, a fundamental role for non-coding RNAs, particularly microRNAs and more recently long non-coding RNAs, has been identified in normal tissue development and homeostasis as well as in several oncogenic processes. In this study, we will provide a state-of-the-art review of the functional roles of non-coding RNAs, particularly microRNAs, in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in both developmental and pathological EMT.
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27
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Epigenetic silencing of miR-200b is associated with cisplatin resistance in bladder cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 9:24457-24469. [PMID: 29849953 PMCID: PMC5966259 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we identified microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in cisplatin (CDDP) resistance in bladder cancer (BCa). After establishing CDDP-resistant BCa cell lines (T24RC and EJ138RC), TaqMan arrays revealed that members of the miR-200 family (miR-200b, miR-200a and miR-429) were downregulated in T24RC as compared to parental T24 cells. miR-200b was associated with CDDP sensitivity in BCa cells, and its downregulation was associated with CpG island hypermethylation. Pharmacological demethylation using 5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine restored miR-200b expression, and the combination of 5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine + CDDP strongly inhibited T24RC cell proliferation. Microarray analysis revealed that miR-200b + CDDP induced genes involved in CDDP sensitivity or cytotoxicity, including IGFBP3, ICAM1 and TNFSF10, in the resistant cells. Expression and DNA methylation of miR-200b were inversely associated in primary BCa, and low expression/high methylation was associated with poor overall survival. These results suggest downregulation of miR-200b is associated with CDDP resistance in BCa. Epigenetic silencing of miR-200b may be a marker of CDDP resistance and a useful therapeutic target for overcoming CDDP resistance in BCa.
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28
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Chen G, Sun W, Hua X, Zeng W, Yang L. Long non-coding RNA FOXD2-AS1 aggravates nasopharyngeal carcinoma carcinogenesis by modulating miR-363-5p/S100A1 pathway. Gene 2018; 645:76-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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29
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Kong YG, Cui M, Chen SM, Xu Y, Xu Y, Tao ZZ. LncRNA-LINC00460 facilitates nasopharyngeal carcinoma tumorigenesis through sponging miR-149-5p to up-regulate IL6. Gene 2017; 639:77-84. [PMID: 28987345 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have played crucial roles in various cancers, including nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). In our study, we focused on the biological function and clinical significance of lncRNA LINC00460 in NPC. It was indicated that LINC00460 was markedly increased in NPC tissues and cells compared to their corresponding controls. Silencing LINC00460 was able to suppress NPC cell growth in vitro while overexpressing LINC00460 reversed this process. Moreover, in vivo tumor xenografts were established using CNE-1/SUNE-1 cells to detect the function of LINC00460 in NSCLC tumorigenesis. Rescue assay was performed to further confirm that LINC00460 contributed to the progression of NPC through regulating miR-149-5p/IL6 signal pathway. In conclusion, we have uncovered that LINC00460 could be regarded as a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in NPC diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Gang Kong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Cui
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Shi-Ming Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ze-Zhang Tao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.
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30
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MiR-203a-3p suppresses cell proliferation and metastasis through inhibiting LASP1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2017; 36:138. [PMID: 28982387 PMCID: PMC5629759 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-017-0604-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND miR-203a-3p was reported as a tumor suppressor and disregulated in many malignancies including nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, its function in tumor growth and metastasis in NPC has rarely been reported. METHODS The expression level of miR-203a-3p in human NPC tissues and cell lines was detected via real-time PCR (RT-PCR). Cell proliferation, migration and invasion were assessed in vitro by MTT, colony formation and transwell assay, respectively. The function of miR-203a-3p in vivo was detected through NPC xenograft tumor growth and lung metastatic mice model. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to identify the direct target of miR-203a-3p. RESULTS The expression of miR-203a-3p was decreased in NPC tissues and cell lines in comparison with normal nasopharyngeal tissues and cell line. Ectopic expression of miR-203a-3p inhibited while inhibiting miR-203a-3p expression increased NPC cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro. MR-203a-3p overexpression suppressed xenograft tumor growth and lung metastasis in vivo. LASP1 was identified as a direct target of miR-203a-3p, which was confirmed by real-time PCR and western blotting assay. Ectopic expression of LASP1 partially reversed miR-203a-3p-mediated inhibition on proliferation, migration and invasion in NPC cells. CONCLUSION Collectively, miR-203a-3p suppresses tumor growth and metastasis through targeting LASP1 in NPC. The newly identified miR-203a-3p/LASP1 pathway provides further insights into the initiation and progression of NPC, which may represent a novel therapeutic target for NPC.
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31
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Targeting epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity in cancer: clinical and preclinical advances in therapy and monitoring. Biochem J 2017; 474:3269-3306. [PMID: 28931648 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20160782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The concept of epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity (EMP), which describes the dynamic flux within the spectrum of phenotypic states that invasive carcinoma cells may reside, is being increasingly recognised for its role in cancer progression and therapy resistance. The myriad of events that are able to induce EMP, as well as the more recently characterised control loops, results in dynamic transitions of cancerous epithelial cells to more mesenchymal-like phenotypes through an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), as well as the reverse transition from mesenchymal phenotypes to an epithelial one. The significance of EMP, in its ability to drive local invasion, generate cancer stem cells and facilitate metastasis by the dissemination of circulating tumour cells (CTCs), highlights its importance as a targetable programme to combat cancer morbidity and mortality. The focus of this review is to consolidate the existing knowledge on the strategies currently in development to combat cancer progression via inhibition of specific facets of EMP. The prevalence of relapse due to therapy resistance and metastatic propensity that EMP endows should be considered when designing therapy regimes, and such therapies should synergise with existing chemotherapeutics to benefit efficacy. To further improve upon EMP-targeted therapies, it is imperative to devise monitoring strategies to assess the impact of such treatments on EMP-related phenomenon such as CTC burden, chemosensitivity/-resistance and micrometastasis in patients.
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32
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Chen L, Sun L, Dong L, Cui P, Xia Z, Li C, Zhu Y. The role of long noncoding RNA-LET in cell proliferation and invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and its mechanism. Onco Targets Ther 2017; 10:2769-2778. [PMID: 28615956 PMCID: PMC5460646 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s126907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
LncRNA-LET, a recently identified long noncoding RNA, has been shown to act as a tumor suppressor; however, its biological function and mechanism have not been fully investigated. Our research found that there was less expression of LET in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) tissues than normal tissues and that LET might inhibit proliferation, adhesion and invasion of NPC in vitro by enhancing its expression. By contrast, decreased LET expression could promote the proliferation, adhesion and invasion of NPC. In addition, the expression profiles of related genes and MAPK/ERK pathway were also regulated effectively via overexpression or silencing of LET. This result provides comprehensive evidence of LET’s antitumor effect on NPC in vitro, which might provide a new approach for clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Dong
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Peng Cui
- Department of Multidisciplinary Consultation Center of TCM and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Qingdao Hiser Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao
| | - Ziwei Xia
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical School of Tianjin Medical University
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vessels and Neural Degeneration, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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33
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Zheng XB, Chen XB, Xu LL, Zhang M, Feng L, Yi PS, Tang JW, Xu MQ. miR-203 inhibits augmented proliferation and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma residual in the promoted regenerating liver. Cancer Sci 2017; 108:338-346. [PMID: 28100026 PMCID: PMC5378262 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver resection is still the most commonly used therapeutic treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and liver regeneration promotes HCC growth in the regenerating liver. The high recurrence/metastasis of HCC is the main cause of death for HCC patients after liver resection. However, how the augmented growth and metastasis of residual HCC induced by the promoted liver regeneration following liver resection can be abolished remains unclear. In this study, a rat model with liver cirrhosis and diffused HCC was established by administration of diethylnitrosamine. Recombinant miR-203 adenovirus was administered to induce hepatic miR-203 overexpression and 30% partial hepatectomy (PH) followed. The effect of miR-203 on the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of the residual HCC in the remnant cirrhotic liver with promoted regeneration was investigated. We found that the basic spontaneous regeneration of the non-tumorous liver by 30% PH promoted proliferation, invasion and lung metastasis of the hepatic residual HCC. miR-203 overexpression further promoted the regeneration of the non-tumorous liver by upregulating Ki67 expression and enhancing IL-6/SOCS3/STAT3 pro-proliferative signals. Importantly, miR-203 overexpression markedly inhibited the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of hepatic residual HCC through suppressing expression of Ki67, CAPNS1 and lung metastasis. Moreover, it was found that miR-203 overexpression reversed the epithelial-mesenchymal transition induced by hepatectomy through targeting IL-1β, Snail1 and Twist1. In conclusion, our results suggested that miR-203 overexpression inhibited the augmented proliferation and lung metastasis of the residual HCC induced by the promoted liver regeneration following PH partly by regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Bo Zheng
- Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao-Bo Chen
- Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology (the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, China
| | - Liang-Liang Xu
- Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Feng
- Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng-Sheng Yi
- Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian-Wei Tang
- Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ming-Qing Xu
- Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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34
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Feng S, Yang G, Yang H, Liang Z, Zhang R, Fan Y, Zhang G. NEDD4 is involved in acquisition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in cisplatin-resistant nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Cell Cycle 2017; 16:869-878. [PMID: 28379054 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2017.1308617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a highly invasive head-neck cancer derived from the nasopharyngeal epithelium, mainly prevalent in southern China and Southeast Asia. Radiotherapy and adjuvant cisplatin (DDP) chemotherapy are standard administrations applied in the treatment of NPC. However, resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs has recently become more common, resulting in worse treatment outcome for NPC therapy. To elucidate the underlying molecular basis of drug resistance to DDP in NPC cells, we examined the morphocytology, cell motility and molecular changes in DDP-resistant NPC cells with respect to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) features. We found that EMT is closely associated with DDP-induced drug resistance in NPC cells, as DDP-resistant cells displayed morphological and molecular markers changes consistent with EMT. Wound healing and Transwell Boyden chamber assays revealed an enhanced migration and invasion potential in DDP-resistant NPC cells. Mechanistically, upregulation of NEDD4 was observed to relate to EMT in DDP-resistant cells. More importantly, depletion of NEDD4 in resistant cells led to a partial reversion of EMT phenotypes to MET characteristics. These data suggest that NEDD4 is largely involved in EMT features and chemoresistance of NPC cancer cells. NEDD4 could be a novel therapeutic target to overcome drug resistance in successful administrations of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyan Feng
- a Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery , The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , China.,b Department of Otorhinolaryngology , Head and Neck Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Zhuhai , China
| | - Guangwei Yang
- c Department of Radiation Oncology , The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Zhuhai , China
| | - Haidi Yang
- d Department of Otolaryngology , Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Zibin Liang
- c Department of Radiation Oncology , The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Zhuhai , China
| | - Rongkai Zhang
- e Department of Orthopaedics , The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Zhuhai , China
| | - Yunping Fan
- b Department of Otorhinolaryngology , Head and Neck Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Zhuhai , China
| | - Gehua Zhang
- a Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery , The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , China
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