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Skingen VE, Salberg UB, Hompland T, Fjeldbo CS, Helgeland H, Frikstad KAM, Ragnum HB, Vlatkovic L, Hole KH, Seierstad T, Lyng H. Spatial analysis of microRNA regulation at defined tumor hypoxia levels reveals biological traits of aggressive prostate cancer. J Pathol 2024; 264:270-283. [PMID: 39329425 DOI: 10.1002/path.6344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
Mechanisms regulating the gene expression program at different hypoxia severity levels in patient tumors are not understood. We aimed to determine microRNA (miRNA) regulation of this program at defined hypoxia levels from moderate to severe in prostate cancer. Biopsies from 95 patients were used, where 83 patients received the hypoxia marker pimonidazole before prostatectomy. Forty hypoxia levels were extracted from pimonidazole-stained histological sections and correlated with miRNA and gene expression profiles determined by RNA sequencing and Illumina bead arrays. This identified miRNAs associated with moderate (n = 7) and severe (n = 28) hypoxia and predicted their target genes. The scores of miRNAs or target genes showed prognostic significance, as validated in an external cohort of 417 patients. The target genes showed enrichment of gene sets for cell proliferation and MYC activation at all hypoxia levels and PTEN inactivation at severe hypoxia. This was confirmed by RT-qPCR for MYC and PTEN, by Ki67 immunohistochemistry, and by gene set analysis in an external cohort. To assess whether miRNA regulation occurred within the predicted hypoxic regions, a method to quantify co-localization of multiple histopathology parameters at defined hypoxia levels was applied. A high Ki67 proliferation index co-localized significantly with hypoxia at all levels. The co-localization index was strongly associated with poor prognosis. Absence of PTEN staining co-localized significantly with severe hypoxia. The scores for miRNAs correlated with the co-localization index for Ki67 staining and hypoxia, consistent with miRNA regulation within the overlapping regions. This was confirmed by showing miR-210-3p expression within severe hypoxia by in situ hybridization. Cell line experiments (22Rv1, PC3) were conducted to determine whether miRNAs and target genes were regulated directly by hypoxia. Most of them were hypoxia-unresponsive, and probably regulated by other mechanisms such as MYC activation. In conclusion, in aggressive, hypoxic prostate tumors, cancer cells exhibit different proliferative gene expression programs that is regulated by miRNAs and depend on whether the cells reside in moderate or severe hypoxic regions. © 2024 The Author(s). The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilde E Skingen
- Department of Radiation Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Unn Beate Salberg
- Department of Radiation Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tord Hompland
- Department of Radiation Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Christina S Fjeldbo
- Department of Radiation Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hanna Helgeland
- Department of Radiation Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kari-Anne M Frikstad
- Department of Radiation Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Harald B Ragnum
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Telemark Hospital Trust, Skien, Norway
| | | | - Knut Håkon Hole
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Therese Seierstad
- Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Heidi Lyng
- Department of Radiation Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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2
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Chuang YT, Yen CY, Chien TM, Chang FR, Wu KC, Tsai YH, Shiau JP, Chang HW. Natural products modulate phthalate-associated miRNAs and targets. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 284:117015. [PMID: 39265265 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024]
Abstract
Phthalates are widespread and commonly used plasticizers that lead to adverse health effects. Several natural products provide a protective effect against phthalates. Moreover, microRNAs (miRNAs) are regulated by natural products and phthalates. Therefore, miRNAs' impacts and potential targets may underlie the mechanism of phthalates. However, the relationship between phthalate-modulated miRNAs and phthalate protectors derived from natural products is poorly understood and requires further supporting information. In this paper, we review the adverse effects and potential targets of phthalates on reproductive systems as well as cancer and non-cancer responses. Information on natural products that attenuate the adverse effects of phthalates is retrieved through a search of Google Scholar and the miRDB database. Moreover, information on miRNAs that are upregulated or downregulated in response to phthalates is collected, along with their potential targets. The interplay between phthalate-modulated miRNAs and natural products is established. Overall, this review proposes a straightforward pathway showing how phthalates modulate different miRNAs and targets and cause adverse effects, which are partly attenuated by several natural products, thereby providing a direction for investigating the natural product-miRNA-target axis against phthalate-induced effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ting Chuang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, PhD Program in Life Sciences, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Yu Yen
- School of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan.
| | - Tsu-Ming Chien
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Gangshan Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 820111, Taiwan.
| | - Fang-Rong Chang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
| | - Kuo-Chuan Wu
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Pingtung University, Pingtung 900392, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Hong Tsai
- Department of Pharmacy and Master Program, College of Pharmacy and Health Care, Tajen University, Pingtung 907101, Taiwan.
| | - Jun-Ping Shiau
- Division of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
| | - Hsueh-Wei Chang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, PhD Program in Life Sciences, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
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3
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Choudhury AR, Nagesh AM, Gupta S, Chaturvedi PK, Kumar N, Sandeep K, Pandey D. MicroRNA signature of stromal-epithelial interactions in prostate and breast cancers. Exp Cell Res 2024; 441:114171. [PMID: 39029573 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.114171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Stromal-epithelial communication is an absolute necessity when it comes to the morphogenesis and pathogenesis of solid tissues, including the prostate and breast. So far, signalling pathways of several growth factors have been investigated. Besides such chemical factors, non-coding RNAs such as miRNAs have recently gained much interest because of their variety and complexity of action. Prostate and breast tissues being highly responsive to steroid hormones such as androgen and estrogen, respectively, it is not surprising that a huge set of available literature critically investigated the interplay between such hormones and miRNAs, especially in carcinogenesis. This review showcases our effort to highlight hormonally-related miRNAs that also somehow perturb the regular stromal-epithelial interactions during carcinogenesis in the prostate and breast. In future, we look forward to exploring how hormonal changes in the tissue microenvironment bring about miRNA-mediated changes in stromal-epithelial interactome in carcinogenesis and cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Roy Choudhury
- Department of Reproductive Biology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; Department of Biology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - A Muni Nagesh
- Department of Reproductive Biology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Surabhi Gupta
- Department of Reproductive Biology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Neeraj Kumar
- Department of Reproductive Biology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Kumar Sandeep
- Department of Preventive Oncology, Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Deepak Pandey
- Department of Reproductive Biology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
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4
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Rouse WB, Tompkins VS, O’Leary CA, Moss WN. The RNA secondary structure of androgen receptor-FL and V7 transcripts reveals novel regulatory regions. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:6596-6613. [PMID: 38554103 PMCID: PMC11194067 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The androgen receptor (AR) is a ligand-dependent nuclear transcription factor belonging to the steroid hormone nuclear receptor family. Due to its roles in regulating cell proliferation and differentiation, AR is tightly regulated to maintain proper levels of itself and the many genes it controls. AR dysregulation is a driver of many human diseases including prostate cancer. Though this dysregulation often occurs at the RNA level, there are many unknowns surrounding post-transcriptional regulation of AR mRNA, particularly the role that RNA secondary structure plays. Thus, a comprehensive analysis of AR transcript secondary structure is needed. We address this through the computational and experimental analyses of two key isoforms, full length (AR-FL) and truncated (AR-V7). Here, a combination of in-cell RNA secondary structure probing experiments (targeted DMS-MaPseq) and computational predictions were used to characterize the static structural landscape and conformational dynamics of both isoforms. Additionally, in-cell assays were used to identify functionally relevant structures in the 5' and 3' UTRs of AR-FL. A notable example is a conserved stem loop structure in the 5'UTR of AR-FL that can bind to Poly(RC) Binding Protein 2 (PCBP2). Taken together, our results reveal novel features that regulate AR expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Warren B Rouse
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Van S Tompkins
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Collin A O’Leary
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
- Current Address: Departments of Biology and Chemistry, Cornell College, Mount Vernon, IA 52314, USA
| | - Walter N Moss
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
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5
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Mishra J, Chakraborty S, Nandi P, Manna S, Baral T, Niharika, Roy A, Mishra P, Patra SK. Epigenetic regulation of androgen dependent and independent prostate cancer. Adv Cancer Res 2024; 161:223-320. [PMID: 39032951 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2024.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies among men worldwide. Besides genetic alterations, epigenetic modulations including DNA methylation, histone modifications and miRNA mediated alteration of gene expression are the key driving forces for the prostate tumor development and cancer progression. Aberrant expression and/or the activity of the epigenetic modifiers/enzymes, results in aberrant expression of genes involved in DNA repair, cell cycle regulation, cell adhesion, apoptosis, autophagy, tumor suppression and hormone response and thereby disease progression. Altered epigenome is associated with prostate cancer recurrence, progression, aggressiveness and transition from androgen-dependent to androgen-independent phenotype. These epigenetic modifications are reversible and various compounds/drugs targeting the epigenetic enzymes have been developed that are effective in cancer treatment. This chapter focuses on the epigenetic alterations in prostate cancer initiation and progression, listing different epigenetic biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of the disease and their potential as therapeutic targets. This chapter also summarizes different epigenetic drugs approved for prostate cancer therapy and the drugs available for clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagdish Mishra
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Subhajit Chakraborty
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Piyasa Nandi
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Soumen Manna
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Tirthankar Baral
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Niharika
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Ankan Roy
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Prahallad Mishra
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Samir Kumar Patra
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India.
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6
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Tavares I, Morais M, Dias F, Medeiros R, Teixeira AL. Deregulated miRNAs in enzalutamide resistant prostate cancer: A comprehensive review of key molecular alterations and clinical outcomes. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189067. [PMID: 38160898 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.189067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most frequently diagnosed cancer and the fifth leading cause of cancer-related deaths in male population worldwide. Since the growth and progression of PC highly depend on the androgen pathway, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the mainstay of systemic treatment. Enzalutamide is a second-generation antiandrogen, which is widely used for the treatment of advanced and metastatic PC. However, treatment failure and disease progression, caused by the emergence of enzalutamide resistant phenotypes, remains an important clinical challenge. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of gene expression and have recently emerged as potential biomarkers for being stable and easily analysed in several biological fluids. Several miRNAs that exhibit dysregulated expression patterns in enzalutamide-resistant PC have recently been identified, including miRNAs that modulate critical signalling pathways and genes involved in PC growth, survival and in the acquisition of enzalutamide phenotype. The understanding of molecular mechanisms by which miRNAs promote the development of enzalutamide resistance can provide valuable insights into the complex interplay between miRNAs, gene regulation, and treatment response in PC. Moreover, these miRNAs could serve as valuable tools for monitoring treatment response and disease progression during enzalutamide administration. This review summarises the miRNAs associated with enzalutamide resistance in PC already described in the literature, focusing on their biological roles and on their potential as biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Tavares
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC) Raquel Seruca, Porto, Portugal; ICBAS School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Mariana Morais
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC) Raquel Seruca, Porto, Portugal; ICBAS School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Francisca Dias
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC) Raquel Seruca, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Medeiros
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC) Raquel Seruca, Porto, Portugal; ICBAS School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal; Biomedical Reasearch Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Fernando Pessoa University (UFP), Porto, Portugal; Research Department, LPCC- Portuguese League Against Cancer (NRNorte), Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Luísa Teixeira
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC) Raquel Seruca, Porto, Portugal.
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7
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Chen TY, Mihalopoulos M, Zuluaga L, Rich J, Ganta T, Mehrazin R, Tsao CK, Tewari A, Gonzalez-Kozlova E, Badani K, Dogra N, Kyprianou N. Clinical Significance of Extracellular Vesicles in Prostate and Renal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14713. [PMID: 37834162 PMCID: PMC10573190 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs)-including apoptotic bodies, microvesicles, and exosomes-are released by almost all cell types and contain molecular footprints from their cell of origin, including lipids, proteins, metabolites, RNA, and DNA. They have been successfully isolated from blood, urine, semen, and other body fluids. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of the predictive value of EVs in prostate and renal cancer. We also describe the findings supporting the use of EVs from liquid biopsies in stratifying high-risk prostate/kidney cancer and advanced disease, such as castration-resistant (CRPC) and neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) as well as metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Assays based on EVs isolated from urine and blood have the potential to serve as highly sensitive diagnostic studies as well as predictive measures of tumor recurrence in patients with prostate and renal cancers. Overall, we discuss the biogenesis, isolation, liquid-biopsy, and therapeutic applications of EVs in CRPC, NEPC, and RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Yi Chen
- Department of Pathology & Cell Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (T.-Y.C.); (A.T.)
| | - Meredith Mihalopoulos
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (M.M.); (L.Z.); (J.R.); (R.M.); (K.B.)
| | - Laura Zuluaga
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (M.M.); (L.Z.); (J.R.); (R.M.); (K.B.)
| | - Jordan Rich
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (M.M.); (L.Z.); (J.R.); (R.M.); (K.B.)
| | - Teja Ganta
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (T.G.); (C.-K.T.)
| | - Reza Mehrazin
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (M.M.); (L.Z.); (J.R.); (R.M.); (K.B.)
| | - Che-Kai Tsao
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (T.G.); (C.-K.T.)
| | - Ash Tewari
- Department of Pathology & Cell Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (T.-Y.C.); (A.T.)
| | - Edgar Gonzalez-Kozlova
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;
| | - Ketan Badani
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (M.M.); (L.Z.); (J.R.); (R.M.); (K.B.)
| | - Navneet Dogra
- Department of Pathology & Cell Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (T.-Y.C.); (A.T.)
| | - Natasha Kyprianou
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (M.M.); (L.Z.); (J.R.); (R.M.); (K.B.)
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai Health, New York, NY 10029, USA
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8
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Gao K, Li X, Ni J, Wu B, Guo J, Zhang R, Wu G. Non-coding RNAs in enzalutamide resistance of castration-resistant prostate cancer. Cancer Lett 2023; 566:216247. [PMID: 37263338 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Enzalutamide (Enz) is a next-generation androgen receptor (AR) antagonist used to treat castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Unfortunately, the relapsing nature of CRPC results in the development of Enz resistance in many patients. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are RNA molecules that do not encode proteins, which include microRNAs (miRNA), long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and other ncRNAs with known and unknown functions. Recently, dysregulation of ncRNAs in CRPC, particularly their regulatory function in drug resistance, has attracted more and more attention. Herein, we introduce the roles of dysregulation of different ncRNAs subclasses in the development of CRPC progression and Enz resistance. Recently determined mechanisms of Enz resistance are discussed, focusing mainly on the role of AR-splice variant-7 (AR-V7), mutations, circRNAs and lncRNAs that act as miRNA sponges. Also, the contributions of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and glucose metabolism to Enz resistance are discussed. We summarize the different mechanisms of miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs in the progression of CRPC and Enz resistance, and highlight the prospect of future therapeutic strategies against Enz resistance.
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MESH Headings
- Male
- Humans
- Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant/drug therapy
- Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant/genetics
- Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant/metabolism
- Receptors, Androgen/genetics
- Receptors, Androgen/metabolism
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding/therapeutic use
- RNA, Circular/genetics
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
- Nitriles
- Androgen Receptor Antagonists/therapeutic use
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/therapeutic use
- Cell Line, Tumor
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Gao
- Department of Urology, Xi'an People's Hospital(Xi'an Fourth Hospital), School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710199, China; The State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Xiaoshun Li
- Department of Urology, Xi'an People's Hospital(Xi'an Fourth Hospital), School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710199, China.
| | - Jianxin Ni
- Department of Urology, Xi'an People's Hospital(Xi'an Fourth Hospital), School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710199, China.
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Urology, Xi'an People's Hospital(Xi'an Fourth Hospital), School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710199, China.
| | - Jiaheng Guo
- Department of Urology, Xi'an People's Hospital(Xi'an Fourth Hospital), School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710199, China; The State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Rui Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China; The State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Guojun Wu
- Department of Urology, Xi'an People's Hospital(Xi'an Fourth Hospital), School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710199, China.
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9
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Gujrati H, Ha S, Wang BD. Deregulated microRNAs Involved in Prostate Cancer Aggressiveness and Treatment Resistance Mechanisms. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3140. [PMID: 37370750 PMCID: PMC10296615 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15123140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer deaths among American men. Complex genetic and epigenetic mechanisms are involved in the development and progression of PCa. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNAs that regulate protein expression at the post-transcriptional level by targeting mRNAs for degradation or inhibiting protein translation. In the past two decades, the field of miRNA research has rapidly expanded, and emerging evidence has revealed miRNA dysfunction to be an important epigenetic mechanism underlying a wide range of diseases, including cancers. This review article focuses on understanding the functional roles and molecular mechanisms of deregulated miRNAs in PCa aggressiveness and drug resistance based on the existing literature. Specifically, the miRNAs differentially expressed (upregulated or downregulated) in PCa vs. normal tissues, advanced vs. low-grade PCa, and treatment-responsive vs. non-responsive PCa are discussed. In particular, the oncogenic and tumor-suppressive miRNAs involved in the regulation of (1) the synthesis of the androgen receptor (AR) and its AR-V7 splice variant, (2) PTEN expression and PTEN-mediated signaling, (3) RNA splicing mechanisms, (4) chemo- and hormone-therapy resistance, and (5) racial disparities in PCa are discussed and summarized. We further provide an overview of the current advances and challenges of miRNA-based biomarkers and therapeutics in clinical practice for PCa diagnosis/prognosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himali Gujrati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore School of Pharmacy, Princess Anne, MD 21853, USA
| | - Siyoung Ha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore School of Pharmacy, Princess Anne, MD 21853, USA
| | - Bi-Dar Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore School of Pharmacy, Princess Anne, MD 21853, USA
- Hormone Related Cancers Program, University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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10
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Larson J, Ozen MO, Kohli M, Akin D, Demirci U. Systematic Analysis of Tissue-Derived and Biofluid Extracellular Vesicle miRNAs Associated with Prostate Cancer. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2023:e2200327. [PMID: 37300338 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202200327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as biomarker candidates for early detection of prostate cancer. Studies compare EV-microRNA (miRNA) expression in individuals with prostate cancer (PCa) with cancer-free samples for diagnostic purposes. The aim of this study is to review miRNA signatures to investigate the overlap between miRNAs enriched in PCa tissue and miRNAs enriched in EVs isolated from subjects with PCa biofluids (i.e., urine, serum, and plasma). Signatures dysregulated in EVs from PCa biofluids and tissue are potentially associated with the primary tumor site and might be more indicative of PCa at an early stage. A systematic review of EV-derived miRNAs and a reanalysis of PCa tissue miRNA sequencing data for comparison is presented. Articles in the literature are screened for validated miRNA dysregulation in PCa and compared with TCGA primary PCa tumor data using DESeq2. This resulted in 190 dysregulated miRNAs being identified. Thirty-one eligible studies are identified, indicating 39 dysregulated EV-derived miRNAs. The top ten markers identified as significantly dysregulated in the PCa tissue dataset TCGA (e.g., miR-30b-3p, miR-210-3p, miR-126-3p, and miR-196a-5p) have a significant expression change in EVs with the same directionality in one or several statistically significant results. This analysis highlights several less frequently studied miRNAs in PCa literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeevan Larson
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center for Cancer Early Detection, Bioacoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Labs, Stanford University, 94305, Stanford, USA
| | - Mehmet Ozgun Ozen
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center for Cancer Early Detection, Bioacoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Labs, Stanford University, 94305, Stanford, USA
| | - Manish Kohli
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, 84112, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Demir Akin
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center for Cancer Early Detection, Bioacoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Labs, Stanford University, 94305, Stanford, USA
| | - Utkan Demirci
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center for Cancer Early Detection, Bioacoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Labs, Stanford University, 94305, Stanford, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering (by courtesy), Stanford University, 94305, Stanford, USA
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11
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ElMonier AA, El-Boghdady NA, Fahim SA, Sabry D, Elsetohy KA, Shaheen AA. LncRNA NEAT1 and MALAT1 are involved in polycystic ovary syndrome pathogenesis by functioning as competing endogenous RNAs to control the expression of PCOS-related target genes. Noncoding RNA Res 2023; 8:263-271. [PMID: 36935861 PMCID: PMC10020466 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2023.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has shown an abnormal expression of several non-coding RNAs in ovarian tissues which might be closely linked with the pathogenesis of PCOS. The aim of this study was to identify competing endogenous (ce) RNA network: long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), microRNA (miRNA) and their target genes: androgen receptor (AR), follistatin (FST) and insulin receptor substrate-2 (IRS-2), which are relevant to PCOS, to underline the molecular pathogenesis of PCOS and assist in early diagnosis and treatment. Bioinformatic analysis was performed to retrieve a ceRNA network: [lncRNA (NEAT1 and MALAT1) - miRNA (miR-30a-5p and miR-30d-5p) - mRNA (AR, FST and IRS-2)] linked to PCOS. Expression of the selected RNAs was examined by qPCR in peripheral blood leukocytes obtained from 73 PCOS patients (41 obese and 32 non-obese) and 31 healthy controls. PCOS patients showed significantly higher expression levels of NEAT1, miR-30a-5p, AR, FST and IRS-2, with significantly lower expression levels of MALAT1 and miR-30d-5p relative to controls especially in obese versus non-obese patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis indicated that most of the selected RNAs could serve as potential early diagnostic markers for PCOS with the highest efficiency obtained upon combining NEAT1 and miR-30d-5p or MALAT1 and miR-30a-5p with either of PCOS target genes. Moreover, all addressed RNAs had been proved as potential predictors of PCOS. The obtained data of ceRNA network raised the possibility that NEAT1 overexpression may increase the expression levels of AR, FST and IRS-2 by sponging miR-30d-5p, while low expression of MALAT1 may allow higher expression of the above genes via increasing miR-30a-5p, suggesting their involvement in PCOS pathogenesis and promising role for future diagnosis and targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa A. ElMonier
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 11562, Cairo, Egypt
- Corresponding author.
| | - Noha A. El-Boghdady
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 11562, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sally A. Fahim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University (NGU), Newgiza, Km 22 Cairo-Alexandria Desert Road, 12577, Giza, Egypt
| | - Dina Sabry
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Badr University in Cairo, 11562, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, 12613, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khaled A. Elsetohy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, 12111, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amira A. Shaheen
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 11562, Cairo, Egypt
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12
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Wang X, Han B, Dou B, Gao L, Sun F, Qi M, Zhang J, Hu J. A trio of tumor suppressor miRNA downregulates CREB5 dependent transcription to modulate neoadjuvant hormonal therapy sensitivity. Neoplasia 2023; 36:100875. [PMID: 36603462 PMCID: PMC9826888 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2022.100875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Neoadjuvant hormonal therapy (NHT) prior to radical prostatectomy (RP) is an approach that can potentially maximize survival outcomes in prostate cancer (PCa) patients with high-risk disease. Unfortunately, subsets of patients do not respond well to such hormonal therapy. We previously identified several pathological parameters in predicting differences in response to NHT of PCa. However, little is known about the potential role and mechanism of miRNAs mediated NHT resistance (NHT-R) in PCa. Here we demonstrate that miR-l42-3p, miR-150-5p and miR-342-3p are the top downregulated miRNAs in PCa tissues with NHT-R. Functional analysis reveals that the three miRNAs inhibit cell proliferation in vitro. Transfection of miRNAs mimics strengthens the inhibitory effects of bicalutamide and enzalutamide to PCa cells. Luciferase reporter assay reveals that CREB5 is the common target of these three miRNAs. Clinically, high expression level of CREB5 correlates with high Gleason score, advanced tumor stage and NHT-R in PCa tissues. CREB5 expression promotes antiandrogen therapy resistance in LNCaP cells and IL6 signaling pathway may be involved in this process. In all, our findings highlight an important role of miR-142-3p, miR-150-5p, and miR-342-3p in contributing NHT-R by targeting CREB5 in PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueli Wang
- Department of Pathology, Binzhou City Central Hospital, Binzhou 251700, China; The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Bo Han
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Baokai Dou
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Lin Gao
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Feifei Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Mei Qi
- Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China.
| | - Jing Hu
- Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
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13
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Tang Z, Song J, Yu Z, Cui K, Ruan Y, Liu Y, Wang T, Wang S, Liu J, Yang J. Inhibition of MicroRNA-92a Improved Erectile Dysfunction in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats via Suppressing Oxidative Stress and Endothelial Dysfunction. World J Mens Health 2023; 41:142-154. [PMID: 35274504 PMCID: PMC9826907 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.210177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine whether microRNA could be a therapy target of erectile dysfunction (ED) and the underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eight-week-old fasting male SD rats were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin to construct diabetic rat models. Diabetic ED rats were treated with miRNA-92a inhibitor. The cavernous nerves were electrically stimulated to measure the intracavernous pressure and mean arterial pressure of rats in each group. After the detection, the penile cavernous tissues are properly stored for subsequent experiments. Rat aortic endothelial cells were used in in vitro studies. RESULTS The expression of miR-92a was significantly increased in the corpus cavernosum of Streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats and injection of miR-92a antagomir into the corpus cavernosum of diabetic rats significantly increased eNOS/NO/cGMP signaling pathway activities, cavernous endothelial cell proliferation, endothelial cell-cell junction protein expression and decreased the levels of oxidative stress. These changes restored erectile function in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Moreover, in vitro study demonstrated that the miR-92a expression increased significantly in endothelial cells treated with high glucose, inhibiting AMPK/eNOS and AMPK/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways in rat aortic endothelial cells via targeting Prkaa2, causing endothelial dysfunction and overactive oxidative stress, miR-92a inhibitor can improve the above parameters. CONCLUSIONS miRNA-92a inhibitor could exert an inhibition role on oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction to improve diabetic ED effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Tang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jingyu Song
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhe Yu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Kai Cui
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yajun Ruan
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shaogang Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jihong Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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14
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Bilal M, Javaid A, Amjad F, Youssif TA, Afzal S. An overview of prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis: Potential role of miRNAs. Transl Oncol 2022; 26:101542. [PMID: 36148731 PMCID: PMC9493385 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the second most frequently diagnosed cancer among men worldwide, with the estimated sixth leading cause of cancer death. Despite major advancements in clinical biology and imaging, digital rectal examination (DRE), prostate-specific antigen (PSA), and biopsies indication remain the keystone for screening. Several kits are used to detect genomic changes and non-coding RNAs in the sample. However, its indication remains controversial for screening purposes. There is an urged need for non-invasive biomarkers to implement precision medicine. Recent research shows that miRNAs have an important role in the diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic agents as non-invasive biomarkers. Though prostate cancer data remains controversial in other cancer types, such as breast cancer, miR-21 expression is upregulated. Here, we reported a prolonged revision of miRNAs as prostate cancer prognostic, diagnostic, and predictive tools, including data on androgen receptor (AR) signaling, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, and cancer stem cells (CSCs) regulation. The combined utilization of miRNAs with other tests will help patients and clinicians to select the most appropriate personalized treatment and to avoid overdiagnosis and unnecessary biopsies. Future clinical applications of our reported novel miRNAs have a substantial role in the primary diagnosis of prostate cancer to help treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Bilal
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan; SANKEN (The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research), Osaka University, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Aqsa Javaid
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Farhat Amjad
- Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | | | - Samia Afzal
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
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15
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Loers JU, Vermeirssen V. SUBATOMIC: a SUbgraph BAsed mulTi-OMIcs clustering framework to analyze integrated multi-edge networks. BMC Bioinformatics 2022; 23:363. [PMID: 36064320 PMCID: PMC9442970 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-022-04908-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Representing the complex interplay between different types of biomolecules across different omics layers in multi-omics networks bears great potential to gain a deep mechanistic understanding of gene regulation and disease. However, multi-omics networks easily grow into giant hairball structures that hamper biological interpretation. Module detection methods can decompose these networks into smaller interpretable modules. However, these methods are not adapted to deal with multi-omics data nor consider topological features. When deriving very large modules or ignoring the broader network context, interpretability remains limited. To address these issues, we developed a SUbgraph BAsed mulTi-OMIcs Clustering framework (SUBATOMIC), which infers small and interpretable modules with a specific topology while keeping track of connections to other modules and regulators. RESULTS SUBATOMIC groups specific molecular interactions in composite network subgraphs of two and three nodes and clusters them into topological modules. These are functionally annotated, visualized and overlaid with expression profiles to go from static to dynamic modules. To preserve the larger network context, SUBATOMIC investigates statistically the connections in between modules as well as between modules and regulators such as miRNAs and transcription factors. We applied SUBATOMIC to analyze a composite Homo sapiens network containing transcription factor-target gene, miRNA-target gene, protein-protein, homologous and co-functional interactions from different databases. We derived and annotated 5586 modules with diverse topological, functional and regulatory properties. We created novel functional hypotheses for unannotated genes. Furthermore, we integrated modules with condition specific expression data to study the influence of hypoxia in three cancer cell lines. We developed two prioritization strategies to identify the most relevant modules in specific biological contexts: one considering GO term enrichments and one calculating an activity score reflecting the degree of differential expression. Both strategies yielded modules specifically reacting to low oxygen levels. CONCLUSIONS We developed the SUBATOMIC framework that generates interpretable modules from integrated multi-omics networks and applied it to hypoxia in cancer. SUBATOMIC can infer and contextualize modules, explore condition or disease specific modules, identify regulators and functionally related modules, and derive novel gene functions for uncharacterized genes. The software is available at https://github.com/CBIGR/SUBATOMIC .
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Uwe Loers
- Lab for Computational Biology, Integromics and Gene Regulation (CBIGR), Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Vanessa Vermeirssen
- Lab for Computational Biology, Integromics and Gene Regulation (CBIGR), Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium. .,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. .,Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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16
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Ganapathy K, Ngo C, Andl T, Coppola D, Park J, Chakrabarti R. Anti-cancer function of microRNA-30e is mediated by negative regulation of HELLPAR, a noncoding macroRNA, and genes involved in ubiquitination and cell cycle progression in prostate cancer. Mol Oncol 2022; 16:2936-2958. [PMID: 35612714 PMCID: PMC9394257 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) progression relies on androgen receptor (AR) function, making AR a top candidate for PCa therapy. However, development of drug resistance is common, which eventually leads to development of castration‐resistant PCa. This warrants a better understanding of the pathophysiology of PCa that facilitates the aberrant activation of key signaling pathways including AR. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) function as regulators of cancer progression as they modulate various cellular processes. Here, we demonstrate a multidimensional function of miR‐30e through the regulation of genes involved in various signaling pathways. We noted loss of miR‐30e expression in prostate tumors, which, when restored, led to cell cycle arrest, induction of apoptosis, improved drug sensitivity of PCa cells and reduced tumor progression in xenograft models. We show that experimental upregulation of miR‐30e reduces expression of mRNAs including AR, FBXO45, SRSF7 and MYBL2 and a novel long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) HELLPAR, which are involved in cell cycle, apoptosis and ubiquitination, and the effects could be rescued by inhibition of miR‐30e expression. RNA immunoprecipitation analysis confirmed direct interactions between miR‐30e and its RNA targets. We noted a newly identified reciprocal relationship between miR‐30e and HELLPAR, as inhibition of HELLPAR improved stabilization of miR‐30e. Transcriptome profiling and quantitative real‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR) validation of miR‐30e‐expressing PCa cells showed differential expression of genes involved in cell cycle progression, apoptosis and ubiquitination, which supports our in vitro study. This study demonstrates an integrated function of miR‐30e on dysregulation of miRNA/lncRNA/mRNA axes that may have diagnostic and therapeutic significance in aggressive PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavya Ganapathy
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Christopher Ngo
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Thomas Andl
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Domenico Coppola
- Department of Pathology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA.,Florida Digestive Health Specialists, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | - Jong Park
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Ratna Chakrabarti
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
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17
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Wang B, Xu Z, Wang X, Xia S, Cai P, Wang M, Gao Z. Knockdown of lncRNA LINC00662 suppresses malignant behaviour of osteosarcoma cells via competition with miR-30b-3p to regulate ELK1 expression. J Orthop Surg Res 2022; 17:74. [PMID: 35123530 PMCID: PMC8818160 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-022-02964-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Osteosarcoma is a type of bone malignancy that mainly occurred in teenagers. This investigation is aimed to clarify the effect of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) LINC00662 on the proliferation, migration, and invasion in osteosarcoma and explore the underlying action mechanisms. Methods The mRNA expression of LINC00662 was determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were evaluated by 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, wound healing, and transwell assays, respectively. A dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to validate the target relationships Between microRNA (miR)-30b-3p and LINC00662/ ETS domain-containing protein 1 (ELK1). Western blotting was performed to determine the protein expression of ELK1. Xenograft model was established to evaluate the effects of LINC00662 silencing on tumor growth in vivo. Results LncRNA LINC00662 and ELK1 were significantly increased, while miR-30b-3p was reduced in osteosarcoma tissues. The results of functional experiments indicated that transfection of small hairpin (sh)-LINC00662 and miR-30b-3p mimics repressed the migration, invasion, and proliferation of osteosarcoma cells. LncRNA LINC00662 also appeared to sponge miR-30b-3p in order to affect the expression of ELK1. Simultaneously, there were weak negative correlations between the expression of miR-30b-3p and LINC00662/ELK1 in osteosarcoma tissues. Rescue experiments suggested that ELK1 overexpression and downregulation of miR-30b-3p reversed the suppressive effects of sh-LINC00662 on the cell migration, invasion, and proliferation in osteosarcoma. Conclusions The current study indicated that knockdown of LINC00662 repressed cell migration, invasion, and proliferation through sponging miR-30b-3p to regulate the expression of ELK1 in osteosarcoma. These results may uncover a promising target for the treatment of osteosarcoma.
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18
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Doghish AS, Ismail A, El-Mahdy HA, Elkady MA, Elrebehy MA, Sallam AAM. A review of the biological role of miRNAs in prostate cancer suppression and progression. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 197:141-156. [PMID: 34968539 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is the third-leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Although the current treatment strategies are progressing rapidly, PC is still representing a substantial medical problem for affected patients. Several factors are involved in PC initiation, progression, and treatments failure including microRNAs (miRNAs). The miRNAs are endogenous short non-coding RNA sequence negatively regulating target mRNA expression via degradation or translation repression. miRNAs play a pivotal role in PC pathogenesis through its ability to initiate the induction of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and proliferation, as well as sustained cell cycle, evading apoptosis, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Furthermore, miRNAs regulate major molecular pathways affecting PC such as the androgen receptor (AR) pathway, p53 pathway, PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway, and Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Furthermore, miRNAs alter PC therapeutic response towards the androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), chemotherapy and radiation therapy (RT). Thus, the understanding and profiling of the altered miRNAs expression in PC could be utilized as a non-invasive biomarker for the early diagnosis as well as for patient sub-grouping with different prognoses for individualized treatment. Accordingly, in the current review, we summarized in updated form the roles of various oncogenic and tumor suppressor (TS) miRNAs in PC, revealing their underlying molecular mechanisms in PC initiation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Ismail
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hesham A El-Mahdy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Elkady
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Elrebehy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Al-Aliaa M Sallam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
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19
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Zhao Q, Yuan X, Zheng L, Xue M. miR-30d-5p: A Non-Coding RNA With Potential Diagnostic, Prognostic and Therapeutic Applications. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:829435. [PMID: 35155437 PMCID: PMC8829117 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.829435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a great challenge facing global public health. Scholars have made plentiful efforts in the research of cancer therapy, but the results are still not satisfactory. In relevant literature, the role of miRNA in cancer has been widely concerned. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a non-coding, endogenous, single-stranded RNAs that regulate a variety of biological functions. The abnormal level of miR-30d-5p, a type of miRNAs, has been associated with various human tumor types, including lung cancer, colorectal cancer, esophageal cancer, prostate cancer, liver cancer, cervical cancer, breast cancer and other types of human tumors. This reflects the vital function of miR-30d-5p in tumor prognosis. miR-30d-5p can be identified either as an inhibitor hindering the development of, or a promoter accelerating the occurrence of tumors. In addition, the role of miR-30d-5p in cell proliferation, motility, apoptosis, autophagy, tumorigenesis, and chemoresistance are also noteworthy. The multiple roles of miR-30d-5p in human cancer suggest that it has broad feasibility as a biomarker and therapeutic target. This review describes the connection between miR-30d-5p and the clinical indications of tumors, and summarizes the mechanisms by which miR-30d-5p mediates cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinlu Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xin Yuan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lian Zheng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Lian Zheng, ; Miaomiao Xue,
| | - Miaomiao Xue
- Department of General Dentistry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Lian Zheng, ; Miaomiao Xue,
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20
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Quilang RC, Lui S, Forbes K. miR-514a-3p: a novel SHP-2 regulatory miRNA that modulates human cytotrophoblast proliferation. J Mol Endocrinol 2022; 68:99-110. [PMID: 34792485 PMCID: PMC8789026 DOI: 10.1530/jme-21-0175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Src homology-2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2 (SHP-2), encoded by the PTPN11 gene, forms a central component of multiple signalling pathways and is required for insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-induced placental growth. Altered expression of SHP-2 is associated with aberrant placental and fetal growth indicating that drugs modulating SHP-2 expression may improve adverse pregnancy outcome associated with altered placental growth. We have previously demonstrated that placental PTPN11/SHP-2 expression is controlled by miRNAs. SHP-2 regulatory miRNAs may have therapeutic potential; however, the individual miRNA(s) that regulate SHP-2 expression in the placenta remain to be established. We performed in silico analysis of 3'UTR target prediction databases to identify libraries of Hela cells transfected with individual miRNA mimetics, enriched in potential SHP-2 regulatory miRNAs. Analysis of PTPN11 levels by quantitative (q) PCR revealed that miR-758-3p increased, while miR-514a-3p reduced PTPN11 expression. The expression of miR-514a-3p and miR-758-3p within the human placenta was confirmed by qPCR; miR-514a-3p (but not miR-758-3p) levels inversely correlated with PTPN11 expression. To assess the interaction between these miRNAs and PTPN11/SHP-2, specific mimetics were transfected into first-trimester human placental explants and then cultured for up to 4 days. Overexpression of miR-514a-3p, but not miR-758-3p, significantly reduced PTPN11 and SHP-2 expression. microRNA-ribonucleoprotein complex (miRNP)-associated mRNA assays confirmed that this interaction was direct. miR-514a-3p overexpression attenuated IGF-I-induced trophoblast proliferation (BrdU incorporation). miR-758-3p did not alter trophoblast proliferation. These data demonstrate that by modulating SHP-2 expression, miR-514a-3p is a novel regulator of IGF signalling and proliferation in the human placenta and may have therapeutic potential in pregnancies complicated by altered placental growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel C Quilang
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Sylvia Lui
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- St. Mary’s Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Karen Forbes
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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21
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AR Structural Variants and Prostate Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1390:195-211. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-11836-4_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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22
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Slabáková E, Kahounová Z, Procházková J, Souček K. Regulation of Neuroendocrine-like Differentiation in Prostate Cancer by Non-Coding RNAs. Noncoding RNA 2021; 7:ncrna7040075. [PMID: 34940756 PMCID: PMC8704250 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna7040075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) represents a variant of prostate cancer that occurs in response to treatment resistance or, to a much lesser extent, de novo. Unravelling the molecular mechanisms behind transdifferentiation of cancer cells to neuroendocrine-like cancer cells is essential for development of new treatment opportunities. This review focuses on summarizing the role of small molecules, predominantly microRNAs, in this phenomenon. A published literature search was performed to identify microRNAs, which are reported and experimentally validated to modulate neuroendocrine markers and/or regulators and to affect the complex neuroendocrine phenotype. Next, available patients’ expression datasets were surveyed to identify deregulated microRNAs, and their effect on NEPC and prostate cancer progression is summarized. Finally, possibilities of miRNA detection and quantification in body fluids of prostate cancer patients and their possible use as liquid biopsy in prostate cancer monitoring are discussed. All the addressed clinical and experimental contexts point to an association of NEPC with upregulation of miR-375 and downregulation of miR-34a and miR-19b-3p. Together, this review provides an overview of different roles of non-coding RNAs in the emergence of neuroendocrine prostate cancer.
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23
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Taheri M, Khoshbakht T, Jamali E, Kallenbach J, Ghafouri-Fard S, Baniahmad A. Interaction between Non-Coding RNAs and Androgen Receptor with an Especial Focus on Prostate Cancer. Cells 2021; 10:3198. [PMID: 34831421 PMCID: PMC8619311 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The androgen receptor (AR) is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily and has three functional domains, namely the N-terminal, DNA binding, and C-terminal domain. The N-terminal domain harbors potent transactivation functions, whereas the C-terminal domain binds to androgens and antiandrogens used to treat prostate cancer. AR has genomic activity being DNA binding-dependent or through interaction with other DNA-bound transcription factors, as well as a number of non-genomic, non-canonical functions, such as the activation of the ERK, AKT, and MAPK pathways. A bulk of evidence indicates that non-coding RNAs have functional interactions with AR. This type of interaction is implicated in the pathogenesis of human malignancies, particularly prostate cancer. In the current review, we summarize the available data on the role of microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs on the expression of AR and modulation of AR signaling, as well as the effects of AR on their expression. Recognition of the complicated interaction between non-coding RNAs and AR has practical importance in the design of novel treatment options, as well as modulation of response to conventional therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Taheri
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1983535511, Iran;
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany;
| | - Tayyebeh Khoshbakht
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1983535511, Iran;
| | - Elena Jamali
- Department of Pathology, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1983535511, Iran;
| | - Julia Kallenbach
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany;
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1983535511, Iran
| | - Aria Baniahmad
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany;
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24
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Konoshenko MY, Bryzgunova OE, Laktionov PP. miRNAs and androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1876:188625. [PMID: 34534639 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is mainly used for the treatment of advanced, metastatic or recurrent prostate cancer (PCa). However, patients progress to ADT resistance and castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) with a poor prognosis. Reliable validated markers of ADT resistance with proven clinical utility are necessary for timely correction of the therapy as well as for improvement of patient quality of life. MiRNAs involved in the ADT response and CRPC development via multiple mechanisms may act as biomarkers for patient outcomes. Available data on miRNAs associated with the ADT response (resistance and sensitivity) are summarized and analyzed in the manuscript, including analyses using bioinformatics resources. Molecular targets of miRNAs, as well as reciprocal relations between miRNAs and their targets, were studied using different databases. Special attention was dedicated to the mechanisms of ADT resistance and CRPC development, including testosterone, PI3K-AKT, VEGF pathways and associated genes. Several different approaches can be used to search for miRNAs associated with the ADT response, each of which focuses on the associated set of miRNAs - potential markers of ADT. The intersection of these approaches and combined analysis allowed us to select the most promising miRNA markers of the ADT response. Meta-analysis of the current data indicated that the selected 5 miRNAs (miRNAs - 125b, miR-21, miR-23b, miR-27b and miR-221) and 14 genes are involved in the regulation of key processes of CRPC development and represent the most promising predictors of the ADT response, further demonstrating their potential in combination therapy for advanced PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Yu Konoshenko
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Olga E Bryzgunova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Pavel P Laktionov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
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25
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Lin BB, Lei HQ, Xiong HY, Fu X, Shi F, Yang XW, Yang YF, Liao GL, Feng YP, Jiang DG, Pang J. MicroRNA-regulated transcriptome analysis identifies four major subtypes with prognostic and therapeutic implications in prostate cancer. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2021; 19:4941-4953. [PMID: 34527198 PMCID: PMC8433071 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA) deregulation plays a critical role in the heterogeneous development of prostate cancer (PCa) by tuning mRNA levels. Herein, we aimed to characterize the molecular features of PCa by clustering the miRNA-regulated transcriptome with non-negative matrix factorization. Using 478 PCa samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas, four molecular subtypes (S-I, S-II, S-III, and S-IV) were identified and validated in two merged microarray and RNAseq datasets with 656 and 252 samples, respectively. Interestingly, the four subtypes showed distinct clinical and biological features after comprehensive analyses of clinical features, multiomic profiles, immune infiltration, and drug sensitivity. S-I is basal/stem/mesenchymal-like and immune-excluded with marked transforming growth factor β, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and hypoxia signals, increased sensitivity to olaparib, and intermediate prognosis. S-II is luminal/metabolism-active and responsive to androgen deprivation therapy with frequent TMPRSS2-ERG fusion and a good prognosis. S-III is characterized by moderate proliferative and metabolic activity, sensitivity to taxane-based chemotherapy, and intermediate prognosis. S-IV is highly proliferative with moderate EMT and stemness, frequent deletions of TP53, PTEN and RB, and the poorest prognosis; it is also immune-inflamed and sensitive to anti-PD-L1 therapy. Overall, based on miRNA-regulated gene profiles, this study identified four distinct PCa subtypes that could improve risk stratification at diagnosis and provide therapeutic guidance.
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Key Words
- ADT, androgen deprivation therapy
- AR, androgen receptor
- AUC, Area under the dose-response curve
- BCR, biochemical recurrence
- CAFs, cancer-associated fibroblasts
- CCLs, cancer cell lines
- CTLA-4, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein-4
- DEmiRs, differentially expressed miRNAs
- DFS, disease-free survival
- EMT, epithelial-mesenchymal transition
- FDR, false discovery rate
- GEO, Gene Expression Omnibus
- GEP, gene expression profile
- GO, Gene Ontology
- GSEA, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis
- Heterogeneity
- ICB, immune checkpoint blockade
- IFN, interferon
- KEGG, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
- MDSCs, myeloid-derived suppressor cells
- MIRcor, miRNA-correlated
- Molecular subtypes
- NEPC, neuroendocrine prostate cancer
- NMF, non-negative matrix factorization
- NTP, Nearest template prediction
- OS, overall survival
- PCa, prostate cancer
- PD-1, programmed cell death protein-1
- PD-L1, programmed death-ligand 1
- Prostate cancer
- SCNAs, somatic copy number alterations
- SubMap, Subclass mapping
- TCGA, The Cancer Genome Atlas
- TGFβ, transforming growth factor β
- TMB, tumor mutation burden
- TNAs, tumor neoantigens
- Tregs, regulatory T cells
- k-NN, K-nearest neighbor
- mCRPC, metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer
- miRNAs
- miRNAs, microRNAs
- ssGSEA, single-sample gene set enrichment analysis
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Biao Lin
- Department of Urology, Kidney and Urology Center, Pelvic Floor Disorders Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China
| | - Han-Qi Lei
- Department of Urology, Kidney and Urology Center, Pelvic Floor Disorders Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China
| | - Hai-Yun Xiong
- Department of Urology, Kidney and Urology Center, Pelvic Floor Disorders Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China
| | - Xing Fu
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Fu Shi
- Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China
| | - Xiang-Wei Yang
- Department of Urology, Kidney and Urology Center, Pelvic Floor Disorders Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China
| | - Ya-Fei Yang
- Department of Urology, Kidney and Urology Center, Pelvic Floor Disorders Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China
| | - Guo-Long Liao
- Department of Urology, Kidney and Urology Center, Pelvic Floor Disorders Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China
| | - Yu-Peng Feng
- Department of Urology, Kidney and Urology Center, Pelvic Floor Disorders Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China
| | - Dong-Gen Jiang
- Department of Urology, Kidney and Urology Center, Pelvic Floor Disorders Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China
| | - Jun Pang
- Department of Urology, Kidney and Urology Center, Pelvic Floor Disorders Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China
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26
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Tietz KT, Dehm SM. Androgen receptor variants: RNA-based mechanisms and therapeutic targets. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 29:R19-R26. [PMID: 32412639 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddaa089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of male cancer death in the United States. The androgen receptor (AR) transcription factor is a master regulator of normal glandular homeostasis in the prostate, as well as growth and survival of prostate cancer cells. Therefore, AR-targeted therapies are effective for improving overall survival of patients with advanced prostate cancer that is incurable by surgery or radiation. However, prostate cancer will inevitably progress on AR-targeted therapies to a castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) phenotype that accounts for virtually all prostate cancer-specific death. mRNA transcript variants of the AR gene are expressed in CRPC cells and can be translated to produce AR variant (AR-V) proteins that function as ligand-independent, constitutively active transcription factors. AR-Vs are able to support growth of CRPC cells by promoting expression of AR target genes that are normally suppressed by AR-targeted therapies. Knowledge of mechanisms that govern expression of AR-Vs is incomplete. Studies have shown genomic rearrangements of the AR gene underlie expression of diverse AR-Vs in certain CRPC tumors, but post-transcriptional processes represent a broader regulatory mechanism for expression of AR-Vs in CRPC. This review focuses on alternative splicing, 3' end processing, miRNA-mediated mRNA repression, of AR and AR-V expression and the potential these mechanisms hold as therapeutic targets for CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiel T Tietz
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Scott M Dehm
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.,Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Urology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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27
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Huang H, Xu L, Ding Y, Qin J, Huang C, Li X, Tang Y, Qian G, Lv H. Bioinformatics identification of hub genes and signaling pathways regulated by intravenous immunoglobulin treatment in acute Kawasaki disease. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:784. [PMID: 34055083 PMCID: PMC8145699 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute, self-limiting form of vasculitis commonly encountered in infants and young children. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is the primary drug used for the treatment of KD, which may significantly reduce the occurrence of coronary artery lesions. However, the specific molecular profile changes of KD caused by IVIG treatment have remained elusive and require further research. The present study was designed to identify key genes, pathways and immune cells affected by IVIG treatment using multiple bioinformatics analysis methods. The results suggested that myeloid cells and neutrophils were affected by IVIG treatment. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis identified that hematopoietic cell lineages and osteoclast differentiation may have an important role in the mechanism of action of IVIG treatment. Immune cell analysis indicated that the levels of monocytes, M1 macrophages, neutrophils and platelets were markedly changed in patients with KD after vs. prior to IVIG treatment. The key upregulated genes, including ZW10 interacting kinetochore protein, GINS complex subunit 1 and microRNA-30b-3p in whole blood cells of patients with KD following treatment with IVIG indicated that these IVIG-targeted molecules may have important roles in KD. In addition, these genes were further examined by literature review and indicated to be involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis and virus-related immune response in patients with KD. Therefore, the present results may provide novel insight into the mechanisms of action of IVIG treatment for KD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbiao Huang
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215025, P.R. China
| | - Lei Xu
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215025, P.R. China
| | - Yueyue Ding
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215025, P.R. China
| | - Jie Qin
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215025, P.R. China
| | - Chengcheng Huang
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215025, P.R. China
| | - Xuan Li
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215025, P.R. China
| | - Yunjia Tang
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215025, P.R. China
| | - Guanghui Qian
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215025, P.R. China
| | - Haitao Lv
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215025, P.R. China
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28
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Qi Y, Hou Y, Qi L. miR-30d-5p represses the proliferation, migration, and invasion of lung squamous cell carcinoma via targeting DBF4. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART C, TOXICOLOGY AND CARCINOGENESIS 2021; 39:251-268. [PMID: 34165043 DOI: 10.1080/26896583.2021.1926855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to explore the mechanism of miR-30d-5p in regulating the development of lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) via targeting DBF4. METHODS Bioinformatics methods were employed to analyze the differentially expressed genes in LUSC tissue microarray. qRT-PCR was employed to detect the expression of miR-30d-5p and DBF4 mRNA in normal human bronchial epithelial cells and LUSC cells. CCK-8 was used to detect LUSC cell activity. Wound healing assay was employed to detect the migratory ability of LUSC cells. Transwell was employed to detect invasive ability. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to detect the targeting relationship between miR-30d-5p and DBF4. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of marker molecules associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). RESULTS In this study, the expression of miR-30d-5p in LUSC cell lines was found to be obviously low compared with that in normal human bronchial epithelial cell line, which was opposite to the expression of DBF4. Dual-luciferase reporter assay verified that miR-30d-5p could target DBF4 and the overexpression of miR-30d-5p downregulated the expression of DBF4. Overexpression of DBF4 promoted the proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT of LUSC, whereas over-expression of miR-30d-5p could weaken the promotion of DBF4 on cancer cells. CONCLUSION miR-30d-5p downregulates the expression of DBF4 to regulate the development of LUSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitian Qi
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130031, Jilin, China
| | - Yi Hou
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Liangchen Qi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130031, China
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29
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Naiki-Ito A, Naiki T, Kato H, Iida K, Etani T, Nagayasu Y, Suzuki S, Yamashita Y, Inaguma S, Onishi M, Tanaka Y, Yasui T, Takahashi S. Recruitment of miR-8080 by luteolin inhibits androgen receptor splice variant 7 expression in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Carcinogenesis 2021; 41:1145-1157. [PMID: 31805186 PMCID: PMC7422625 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgz193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A need exists for seeking effective treatments for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) in response to its emergence following androgen deprivation therapy as a major clinical problem. In the present study, we investigated the chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic potential of luteolin, a flavonoid with antioxidative properties, on prostate cancer, including CRPC. Luteolin inhibited the progression of rat prostate carcinogenesis by induction of apoptosis in a transgenic rat for adenocarcinoma of prostate (TRAP) model. Luteolin decreased cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner and induced apoptosis with the activation of caspases 3 and 7 in both rat (PCai1, established from a TRAP prostate tumor) and human (22Rv1) CRPC cells. Dietary luteolin also suppressed tumor growth via an increase in apoptosis and inhibition of angiogenesis in PCai1 and 22Rv1 xenografts implanted in castrated nude mice. We also focused on androgen receptor splice variant 7 (AR-V7), which contributes to cell proliferation and therapeutic resistance in CRPC. Luteolin dramatically suppressed AR-V7 protein expression in 22Rv1 cells in vitro and ex vivo. Microarray analysis identified MiR-8080, which contains a possible target sequence for AR-V7 3′-UTR, as a gene upregulated by luteolin. MiR-8080 transfection decreased the AR-V7 expression level and the induction of apoptosis in 22Rv1 cells. Furthermore, miR-8080 knockdown canceled luteolin decreasing AR-V7 and the cell growth of 22Rv1. MiR-8080 induced by luteolin intake enhanced the therapeutic effect of enzalutamide on 22Rv1 xenografts under castration conditions. These results indicate luteolin inhibits CRPC by AR-V7 suppression through miR-8080, highlighting luteolin and miR-8080 as promising therapeutic agents for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Naiki-Ito
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.,Pathology Division, Nagoya City East Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Taku Naiki
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Nephro-urology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kato
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keitaro Iida
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Nephro-urology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toshiki Etani
- Department of Nephro-urology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuko Nagayasu
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shugo Suzuki
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoriko Yamashita
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shingo Inaguma
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.,Pathology Division, Nagoya City East Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masaya Onishi
- Department of Virology and Liver Unit, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Tanaka
- Department of Virology and Liver Unit, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yasui
- Department of Nephro-urology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
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30
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Cruickshank BM, Wasson MCD, Brown JM, Fernando W, Venkatesh J, Walker OL, Morales-Quintanilla F, Dahn ML, Vidovic D, Dean CA, VanIderstine C, Dellaire G, Marcato P. LncRNA PART1 Promotes Proliferation and Migration, Is Associated with Cancer Stem Cells, and Alters the miRNA Landscape in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112644. [PMID: 34072264 PMCID: PMC8198907 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) are aggressive, lack targeted therapies and are enriched in cancer stem cells (CSCs). Novel therapies which target CSCs within these tumors would likely lead to improved outcomes for TNBC patients. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are potential therapeutic targets for TNBC and CSCs. We demonstrate that lncRNA prostate androgen regulated transcript 1 (PART1) is enriched in TNBCs and in Aldefluorhigh CSCs, and is associated with worse outcomes among basal-like breast cancer patients. Although PART1 is androgen inducible in breast cancer cells, analysis of patient tumors indicates its androgen regulation has minimal clinical impact. Knockdown of PART1 in TNBC cell lines and a patient-derived xenograft decreased cell proliferation, migration, tumor growth, and mammosphere formation potential. Transcriptome analyses revealed that the lncRNA affects expression of hundreds of genes (e.g., myosin-Va, MYO5A; zinc fingers and homeoboxes protein 2, ZHX2). MiRNA 4.0 GeneChip and TaqMan assays identified multiple miRNAs that are regulated by cytoplasmic PART1, including miR-190a-3p, miR-937-5p, miR-22-5p, miR-30b-3p, and miR-6870-5p. We confirmed the novel interaction between PART1 and miR-937-5p. In general, miRNAs altered by PART1 were less abundant than PART1, potentially leading to cell line-specific effects in terms miRNA-PART1 interactions and gene regulation. Together, the altered miRNA landscape induced by PART1 explains most of the protein-coding gene regulation changes (e.g., MYO5A) induced by PART1 in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianne M. Cruickshank
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada; (B.M.C.); (M.-C.D.W.); (J.M.B.); (W.F.); (J.V.); (O.L.W.); (M.L.D.); (D.V.); (C.A.D.); (C.V.); (G.D.)
| | - Marie-Claire D. Wasson
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada; (B.M.C.); (M.-C.D.W.); (J.M.B.); (W.F.); (J.V.); (O.L.W.); (M.L.D.); (D.V.); (C.A.D.); (C.V.); (G.D.)
| | - Justin M. Brown
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada; (B.M.C.); (M.-C.D.W.); (J.M.B.); (W.F.); (J.V.); (O.L.W.); (M.L.D.); (D.V.); (C.A.D.); (C.V.); (G.D.)
| | - Wasundara Fernando
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada; (B.M.C.); (M.-C.D.W.); (J.M.B.); (W.F.); (J.V.); (O.L.W.); (M.L.D.); (D.V.); (C.A.D.); (C.V.); (G.D.)
| | - Jaganathan Venkatesh
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada; (B.M.C.); (M.-C.D.W.); (J.M.B.); (W.F.); (J.V.); (O.L.W.); (M.L.D.); (D.V.); (C.A.D.); (C.V.); (G.D.)
| | - Olivia L. Walker
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada; (B.M.C.); (M.-C.D.W.); (J.M.B.); (W.F.); (J.V.); (O.L.W.); (M.L.D.); (D.V.); (C.A.D.); (C.V.); (G.D.)
| | | | - Margaret L. Dahn
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada; (B.M.C.); (M.-C.D.W.); (J.M.B.); (W.F.); (J.V.); (O.L.W.); (M.L.D.); (D.V.); (C.A.D.); (C.V.); (G.D.)
| | - Dejan Vidovic
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada; (B.M.C.); (M.-C.D.W.); (J.M.B.); (W.F.); (J.V.); (O.L.W.); (M.L.D.); (D.V.); (C.A.D.); (C.V.); (G.D.)
| | - Cheryl A. Dean
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada; (B.M.C.); (M.-C.D.W.); (J.M.B.); (W.F.); (J.V.); (O.L.W.); (M.L.D.); (D.V.); (C.A.D.); (C.V.); (G.D.)
| | - Carter VanIderstine
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada; (B.M.C.); (M.-C.D.W.); (J.M.B.); (W.F.); (J.V.); (O.L.W.); (M.L.D.); (D.V.); (C.A.D.); (C.V.); (G.D.)
| | - Graham Dellaire
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada; (B.M.C.); (M.-C.D.W.); (J.M.B.); (W.F.); (J.V.); (O.L.W.); (M.L.D.); (D.V.); (C.A.D.); (C.V.); (G.D.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Paola Marcato
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada; (B.M.C.); (M.-C.D.W.); (J.M.B.); (W.F.); (J.V.); (O.L.W.); (M.L.D.); (D.V.); (C.A.D.); (C.V.); (G.D.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(902)-494-4239
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31
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Doldi V, El Bezawy R, Zaffaroni N. MicroRNAs as Epigenetic Determinants of Treatment Response and Potential Therapeutic Targets in Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2380. [PMID: 34069147 PMCID: PMC8156532 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common tumor in men worldwide, and the fifth leading cause of male cancer-related deaths in western countries. PC is a very heterogeneous disease, meaning that optimal clinical management of individual patients is challenging. Depending on disease grade and stage, patients can be followed in active surveillance protocols or undergo surgery, radiotherapy, hormonal therapy, and chemotherapy. Although therapeutic advancements exist in both radiatiotherapy and chemotherapy, in a considerable proportion of patients, the treatment remains unsuccessful, mainly due to tumor poor responsiveness and/or recurrence and metastasis. microRNAs (miRNAs), small noncoding RNAs that epigenetically regulate gene expression, are essential actors in multiple tumor-related processes, including apoptosis, cell growth and proliferation, autophagy, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, invasion, and metastasis. Given that these processes are deeply involved in cell response to anti-cancer treatments, miRNAs have been considered as key determinants of tumor treatment response. In this review, we provide an overview on main PCa-related miRNAs and describe the biological mechanisms by which specific miRNAs concur to determine PCa response to radiation and drug therapy. Additionally, we illustrate whether miRNAs can be considered novel therapeutic targets or tools on the basis of the consequences of their expression modulation in PCa experimental models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nadia Zaffaroni
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (V.D.); (R.E.B.)
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Hatano K, Fujita K. Extracellular vesicles in prostate cancer: a narrative review. Transl Androl Urol 2021; 10:1890-1907. [PMID: 33968677 PMCID: PMC8100827 DOI: 10.21037/tau-20-1210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, there has been remarkable progress in prostate cancer biomarker discovery using urine- and blood-based assays. A liquid biopsy is a minimally invasive procedure to investigate the cancer-related molecules in circulating tumor cells (CTCs), cell-free DNA, and extracellular vesicles (EVs). Liquid biopsies have the advantage of detecting heterogeneity as well as acquired resistance in cancer. EVs are cell-derived vesicles enclosed by a lipid bilayer and contain various molecules, such as nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids. In patients with cancer, EVs derived from tumors can be isolated from urine, plasma, and serum. The advances in isolation techniques provide the opportunity to use EVs as biomarkers in the clinic. Emerging evidence suggests that EVs can be useful biomarkers for the diagnosis of prostate cancer, especially high-grade cancer. EVs can also be potent biomarkers for the prediction of disease progression in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). EVs shed from cancer and stromal cells are involved in the development of tumor microenvironments, enhancing cancer progression, metastasis, and drug resistance. Here, we provide an overview of the use of EVs for the diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer as well as for predicting disease progression. We also discuss the biological function of EVs, which regulate cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Hatano
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Fujita
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.,Department of Urology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Japan
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Yang Y, Liu KY, Liu Q, Cao Q. Androgen Receptor-Related Non-coding RNAs in Prostate Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:660853. [PMID: 33869227 PMCID: PMC8049439 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.660853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death among men in the United States. Androgen receptor (AR) signaling is the dominant oncogenic pathway in PCa and the main strategy of PCa treatment is to control the AR activity. A large number of patients acquire resistance to Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) due to AR aberrant activation, resulting in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying AR signaling in the PCa is critical to identify new therapeutic targets for PCa patients. The recent advances in high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) techniques identified an increasing number of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that play critical roles through various mechanisms in different diseases. Some ncRNAs have shown great potentials as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Many ncRNAs have been investigated to regulate PCa through direct association with AR. In this review, we aim to comprehensively summarize recent findings of the functional roles and molecular mechanisms of AR-related ncRNAs as AR regulators or targets in the progression of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyong Yang
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States.,Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Kilia Y Liu
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States.,Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States.,Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Qi Cao
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States.,Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
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Matsuzaki K, Fujita K, Tomiyama E, Hatano K, Hayashi Y, Wang C, Ishizuya Y, Yamamoto Y, Hayashi T, Kato T, Jingushi K, Kawashima A, Ujike T, Nagahara A, Uemura M, Tsujikawa K, Nonomura N. MiR-30b-3p and miR-126-3p of urinary extracellular vesicles could be new biomarkers for prostate cancer. Transl Androl Urol 2021; 10:1918-1927. [PMID: 33968679 PMCID: PMC8100845 DOI: 10.21037/tau-20-421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Extracellular vesicles (EVs) including exosomes are present in blood, urine, and saliva and contain proteins, microRNAs, and messenger RNAs. We investigated microRNAs in urinary EVs to discover new biomarkers of prostate cancer (PCa). Methods We isolated EVs from urine obtained following digital rectal examination (DRE) of 14 men with elevated levels of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) [negative biopsy (n=4) and PCa with Gleason scores of 6 (n=3), 7 (n=3), and 8-9 (n=4)]. MicroRNAs extracted from EVs were analyzed by microRNA microarray. Results MicroRNAs miR-30b-3p and miR-126-3p were identified as being overexpressed in urinary EVs of the PCa patients versus the biopsy-negative men, but no microRNAs were associated with the Gleason score. In the independent cohort as well, these two microRNAs were overexpressed in urinary EVs from the PCa patients versus the negative-biopsy men. Logistic regression analysis adjusted by age and PSA showed that these two microRNAs were significantly associated with the prediction of PCa in biopsy specimens. Sensitivity and specificity of miR-30b-3p and miR-126-3p for the prediction of PCa were 46.4% and 88.0% and 60.7% and 80.0%, respectively, which were better than those of serum PSA (53.5% and 64.0%, respectively). Conclusions MiR-30b-3p and miR-126-3p in urinary EVs could be potential biomarkers of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyosuke Matsuzaki
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Fujita
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Eisuke Tomiyama
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Koji Hatano
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Yujiro Hayashi
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Yu Ishizuya
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Yamamoto
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Takuji Hayashi
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Taigo Kato
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.,Department of Urological Immuno-Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.,Department of Therapeutic Urologic Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kentaro Jingushi
- Department of Therapeutic Urologic Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsunari Kawashima
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ujike
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Akira Nagahara
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Motohide Uemura
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.,Department of Urological Immuno-Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.,Department of Therapeutic Urologic Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazutake Tsujikawa
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Suita, Japan
| | - Norio Nonomura
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
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Javed Z, Khan K, Rasheed A, Sadia H, Shahwani MN, Irshad A, Raza S, Salehi B, Sharifi-Rad J, Suleria HAR, Cruz-Martins N, Quispe C. Targeting androgen receptor signaling with MicroRNAs and Curcumin: a promising therapeutic approach for Prostate Cancer Prevention and intervention. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:77. [PMID: 33499881 PMCID: PMC7836194 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01777-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is a multifactorial disease characterized by the abrogation of androgen receptor signaling. Advancement in microbiology techniques has highlighted the significant role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the progression of PC cells from an androgen-dependent to an androgen-independent state. At that stage, prostate tumors also fail to respond to currently practiced hormone therapies. So, studies in recent decades are focused on investigating the anti-tumor effects of natural compounds in PC. Curcumin is widely recognized and now of huge prestige for its anti-proliferative abilities in different types of cancer. However, its limited solubility, compatibility, and instability in the aqueous phase are major hurdles when administering. Nanoformulations have proven to be an excellent drug delivery system for various drugs and can be used as potential delivery platforms for curcumin in PC. In this review, a shed light is given on the miRNAs-mediated regulation of androgen receptor (AR) signaling and miRNA-curcumin interplay in PC, as well as on curcumin-based nanoformulations that can be used as possible therapeutic solutions for PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeeshan Javed
- Office for Research Innovation and Commercialization, Lahore Garrison University, DHA, Sector-C, Phase VI, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Khushbukhat Khan
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), 44000, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Amna Rasheed
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 730000, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Haleema Sadia
- Department of Biotechnology, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naeem Shahwani
- Department of Biotechnology, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Asma Irshad
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Raza
- Office for Research Innovation and Commercialization, Lahore Garrison University, DHA, Sector-C, Phase VI, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Bahare Salehi
- Medical Ethics and Law Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca, Ecuador.
| | - Hafiz A R Suleria
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, 3010, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Natália Cruz-Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal. .,Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal. .,Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Cristina Quispe
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Avda. Arturo Prat 2120, 1110939, Iquique, Chile.
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Chen Y, Lan T. Molecular Origin, Expression Regulation, and Biological Function of Androgen Receptor Splicing Variant 7 in Prostate Cancer. Urol Int 2020; 105:337-353. [PMID: 32957106 DOI: 10.1159/000510124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The problem of resistance to therapy in prostate cancer (PCa) is multifaceted. Key determinants of drug resistance include tumor burden and growth kinetics, tumor heterogeneity, physical barriers, immune system and microenvironment, undruggable cancer drivers, and consequences of therapeutic pressures. With regard to the fundamental importance of the androgen receptor (AR) in all stages of PCa from tumorigenesis to progression, AR is postulated to have a continued critical role in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Suppression of AR signaling mediated by the full-length AR (AR-FL) is the therapeutic goal of all AR-directed therapies. However, AR-targeting agents ultimately lead to AR aberrations that promote PCa progression and drug resistance. Among these AR aberrations, androgen receptor variant 7 (AR-V7) is gaining attention as a potential predictive marker for as well as one of the resistance mechanisms to the most current anti-AR therapies in CRPC. Meanwhile, development of next-generation drugs that directly or indirectly target AR-V7 signaling is urgently needed. In the present review of the current literature, we have summarized the origin, alternative splicing, expression induction, protein conformation, interaction with coregulators, relationship with AR-FL, transcriptional activity, and biological function of AR-V7 in PCa development and therapeutic resistance. We hope this review will help further understand the molecular origin, expression regulation, and role of AR-V7 in the progression of PCa and provide insight into the design of novel selective inhibitors of AR-V7 in PCa treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Chen
- Department of Surgery and Anesthesiology, Joint Logistic Support 940 Hospital of CPLA, Lanzhou, China
| | - Tian Lan
- Department of Urology, Joint Logistic Support 940 Hospital of CPLA, Lanzhou, China,
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Yao K, Wei L, Zhang J, Wang C, Wang C, Qin C, Li S. Prognostic values of GPNMB identified by mining TCGA database and STAD microenvironment. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:16238-16254. [PMID: 32833670 PMCID: PMC7485698 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The survival rate of stomach adenocarcinoma patients with immune and stromal scores and different clinicopathological features obtained from the TCGA datasets was systematically compared. A list of genes that are correlated with stomach adenocarcinoma microenvironment were extracted using the TCGA database to predict the prognosis and survival. In addition, the differentially expressed genes were extracted by comparing the immune and stromal scores of the groups. The protein-protein interaction network, and functional and pathway enrichment analyses of differentially expressed genes were performed. A total of 8 hub genes were selected from the differentially expressed genes to predict the overall survival and disease-free survival rates. GPNMB was selected from the hub genes based on the survival and prognosis analyses. A nomogram was built by including the potential risk factors based on multivariate Cox analysis. Cell function experiments and xenograft tumors were conducted in vivo to further verify the role of GPNMB in tumor progression. The predicted microRNA, miR-30b-3p, might act as upstream negative regulator and binding to 3’ UTR of GPNMB, confirming by fluorescent enzyme reporter gene experiment. In summary, immune-related scores are crucial factors in the malignant progression of stomach adenocarcinoma and GPNMB acts as a potentially useful prognostic factor for stratification and in developing the treatment strategy
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunhou Yao
- Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, Henan, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Lunshou Wei
- Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, Henan, P.R. China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, Henan, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Chenyu Wang
- Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, Henan, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Chaoyang Wang
- Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, Henan, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Changjiang Qin
- Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, Henan, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Song Li
- Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, Henan, P.R. China.,Department of Urology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, Henan, P.R. China
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Guo P, Sheng M, Liu H, Ju L, Yang N, Sun Y. Effects of miR-218-1-3p and miR-149 on proliferation and apoptosis of non-small cell lung cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:96. [PMID: 32831915 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to explore the effects of miR-218-1-3p and miR-149 on the biological function of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells A549. Paired NSCLC and adjacent tissues were obtained from 50 NSCLC patients admitted to Shandong Provincial Chest Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University (Jinan, China) from April 2015 to May 2018. The expression levels of miR-218-1-3p and miR-149 were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). The lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells were assigned into the blank group (without transfection), negative control (NC) group (transfected with miRNA NC), and the transfected groups miR-218-1-3p mimic and miR-149 mimic groups. Proliferation and cell growth were determined by CCK-8 assay and cell invasion ability in vitro was assessed by Transwell assay. Flow cytometry was carried out for the detection of cell apoptosis. RT-qPCR results showed that the expression levels of miR-218-1-3p and miR-149 in NSCLC tissues were significantly lower than those in adjacent tissues (P<0.001). At 48 and 72 h, the cell growth of the A549 cells in the miR-218-1-3p mimic and miR-149 mimic groups was significantly lower than that in the NC and blank groups (P<0.05). The number of invasive cells in the miR-218-1-3p mimic and miR-149 mimic groups was significantly lower than that in the NC and blank groups (P<0.05). The apoptotic rate of A549 cells in the miR-218-1-3p mimic and miR-149 mimic groups was significantly higher than that in the NC and blank groups (P<0.05). In conclusion, upregulation of miR-218-1-3p and miR-149 can inhibit the proliferation, invasion and migration of A549 cells in NSCLC, thereby promoting the apoptosis of A549 cells. Thus, miR-218-1-3p and miR-149 can be used as new molecular targets for the diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Guo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Chest Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Meiyan Sheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Chest Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Hongbo Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Chest Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Lili Ju
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Chest Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Ningning Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Chest Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Chest Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
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MicroRNAs as Guardians of the Prostate: Those Who Stand before Cancer. What Do We Really Know about the Role of microRNAs in Prostate Biology? Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21134796. [PMID: 32645914 PMCID: PMC7370012 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths of men in the Western world. Despite recent advancement in genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics to understand prostate cancer biology and disease progression, castration resistant metastatic prostate cancer remains a major clinical challenge and often becomes incurable. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), about 22-nucleotide-long non-coding RNAs, are a group of regulatory molecules that mainly work through post-transcriptional gene silencing via translational repression. Expression analysis studies have revealed that miRNAs are aberrantly expressed in cancers and have been recognized as regulators of prostate cancer progression. In this critical review, we provide an analysis of reported miRNA functions and conflicting studies as they relate to expression levels of specific miRNAs and prostate cancer progression; oncogenic and/or tumor suppressor roles; androgen receptor signaling; epithelial plasticity; and the current status of diagnostic and therapeutic applications. This review focuses on select miRNAs, highly expressed in normal and cancer tissue, to emphasize the current obstacles faced in utilizing miRNA data for significant impacts on prostate cancer therapeutics.
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Coordinated AR and microRNA regulation in prostate cancer. Asian J Urol 2020; 7:233-250. [PMID: 32742925 PMCID: PMC7385519 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajur.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The androgen receptor (AR) remains a key driver of prostate cancer (PCa) progression, even in the advanced castrate-resistant stage, where testicular androgens are absent. It is therefore of critical importance to understand the molecular mechanisms governing its activity and regulation during prostate tumourigenesis. MicroRNAs (miRs) are small ∼22 nt non-coding RNAs that regulate target gene, often through association with 3′ untranslated regions (3′UTRs) of transcripts. They display dysregulation during cancer progression, can function as oncogenes or tumour suppressors, and are increasingly recognised as targets or regulators of hormonal action. Thus, understanding factors which modulate miRs synthesis is essential. There is increasing evidence for complex and dynamic bi-directional cross-talk between the multi-step miR biogenesis cascade and the AR signalling axis in PCa. This review summarises the wealth of mechanisms by which miRs are regulated by AR, and conversely, how miRs impact AR's transcriptional activity, including that of AR splice variants. In addition, we assess the implications of the convergence of these pathways on the clinical employment of miRs as PCa biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Li X, Jiao M, Hu J, Qi M, Zhang J, Zhao M, Liu H, Xiong X, Dong X, Han B. miR-30a inhibits androgen-independent growth of prostate cancer via targeting MYBL2, FOXD1, and SOX4. Prostate 2020; 80:674-686. [PMID: 32294305 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is an aggressive and lethal disease. The pathogenesis of CRPC is not fully understood and novel therapeutic targets need to be identified to improve the patients' prognosis. MicroRNA-30a (miR-30a) has been demonstrated to be a tumor suppressor in many types of solid malignancies. However, its role in androgen-independent (AI) growth of prostate cancer (PCa) received limited attention as yet. METHODS The clinical association of miR-30a and its potential targets with AI growth was characterized by bioinformatics analyses. Regulation of cell proliferation and colony formation rates by miR-30a were tested using PCa cell models. Xenograft models were used to measure the regulation of prostate tumor growth by miR-30a. The real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to validate whether miR-30a and its targets regulate cell cycle control genes and androgen receptor (AR)-dependent transcription. Bioinformatics tools, Western blot, and luciferase reporter assays were utilized to identify miR-30a targets. RESULTS Bioinformatic analysis showed that low expression of miR-30a is associated with castration resistance of PCa patients and poor outcomes. Transfection of miR-30a mimics inhibited the AI growth of PCa cells in vitro and in vivo. Upregulation of miR-30a in 22RV1 cells altered the expression of cell cycle control genes and AR-mediated transcription, while downregulation of miR-30a in LNCaP cells had the opposite effects to AR-mediated transcription. MYBL2, FOXD1, and SOX4 were identified as miR-30a targets. Downregulation of MYBL2, FOXD1, and SOX4 affected the expression of cell cycle control genes and AR-mediated transcription and suppressed the AI growth of 22RV1 cells. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that miR-30a inhibits AI growth of PCa by targeting MYBL2, FOXD1, and SOX4. They provide novel insights into developing new treatment strategies for CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjun Li
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Pathology, Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou, China
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Meng Jiao
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Department of Pathology, Shandong University QiLu Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Mei Qi
- Department of Pathology, Shandong University QiLu Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mingfeng Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, China
| | - Hui Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xueting Xiong
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xuesen Dong
- Department of Urologic Sciences, Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Bo Han
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Pathology, Shandong University QiLu Hospital, Jinan, China
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Gao W, Li H, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Zhao H, Liu F. Long non‑coding RNA FLVCR1‑AS1 promotes glioma cell proliferation and invasion by negatively regulating miR‑30b‑3p. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:723-732. [PMID: 32626942 PMCID: PMC7339652 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and malignant primary brain tumor in adults that originates from glial cells. The prognosis of patients with high‑grade glioma is poor. It is therefore crucial to develop effective therapeutic strategies. Long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported as potential inducers or suppressors of tumor progression. Previous studies have indicated that the lncRNA Feline Leukemia Virus Subgroup C Cellular Receptor 1 Antisense RNA 1 (FLVCR1‑AS1) is involved in the development and progression of gastric and lung cancer, as well as hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma; however, the biological effect of FLVCR1‑AS1 in glioma is not completely understood. The aim of the present study was to investigate how FLVCR1‑AS1 modulates cell proliferation and invasion in glioma. FLVCR1‑AS1 expression was significantly upregulated in GBM tissues compared with adjacent normal brain samples, and was higher in GBM cell lines compared with normal human astrocyte cells. Furthermore, the microRNA (miR)‑30b‑3p was revealed to be a putative target of FLVCR1‑AS1, and the suppressive effects of miR‑30b‑3p on cellular proliferation and invasion were reversed following FLVCR1‑AS1‑knockdown. The results from Cell Counting Kit‑8 and Transwell assays confirmed that FLVCR1‑AS1‑knockdown inhibited GBM cell proliferation and invasion ability. In addition, FLVCR1‑AS1 was found to directly interact with miR‑30b‑3p, and a rescue experiment further established that FLVCR1‑AS1 contributed to glioma progression by inhibiting miR‑30b‑3p. The results from the present study demonstrated that FLVCR1‑AS1 may serve an oncogenic role in GBM and promote disease progression by interacting with miR‑30b‑3p. These findings suggested that FLVCR1‑AS1 may be considered as a novel therapeutic target and diagnostic biomarker for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weida Gao
- Gamma Knife Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Hongbin Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154001, P.R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Hong Zhao
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
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Barceló M, Castells M, Pérez-Riba M, Bassas L, Vigués F, Larriba S. Seminal plasma microRNAs improve diagnosis/prognosis of prostate cancer in men with moderately altered prostate-specific antigen. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:2041-2051. [PMID: 32509198 PMCID: PMC7269990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
There is an urgent need for accurate non-invasive biomarkers for prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis and disease risk stratification. Previous data suggests that total seminal plasma (SP) represents a source of miRNAs for screening. We have evaluated a panel of eight PCa-associated miRNAs for their potential use as PCa biomarkers in SP by analyzing their levels using RT-qPCR. Multivariate logistic regression modelling and clinical risk assessment were performed for those SP miRNAs statistically altered between PCa and non-PCa (HCt and/or BPH) groups. Our results provide evidence that altered miRNA expression in PCa tissue can also be detected in total SP. We obtained a clinically useful SP miRNA-based combined model (PSA+miR-142-3p+miR-223-3p+miR-93-5p), which improves PCa specificity of the PSA test, for, firstly, predicting the presence of malignant tumors in a sample from the total population and secondly, and more interestingly for clinicians, for predicting PCa in samples from the positive PSA screening test (PSA>4 ng/ml). Additionally, [PSA+miR-30d-5p+miR-93-5p] and [PSA+miR-30d-5p] models have been shown to be useful for predicting the disease aggressiveness with diagnostic accuracy. In conclusion, our results provide evidence that miRNAs in total SP represent a useful target for evaluation for PCa, which technically simplifies the future use of semen miRNA-based models as non-invasive biomarkers to increase the efficiency of PCa diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Barceló
- Human Molecular Genetics Group-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de LlobregatBarcelona 08908, Spain
| | - Manel Castells
- Urology Service, Bellvitge University Hospital-ICS, Hospitalet de LlobregatBarcelona 08908, Spain
| | - Mercè Pérez-Riba
- Human Molecular Genetics Group-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de LlobregatBarcelona 08908, Spain
| | - Lluís Bassas
- Laboratory of Seminology and Embryology, Andrology Service-Fundació PuigvertBarcelona 08025, Spain
| | - Francesc Vigués
- Urology Service, Bellvitge University Hospital-ICS, Hospitalet de LlobregatBarcelona 08908, Spain
| | - Sara Larriba
- Human Molecular Genetics Group-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de LlobregatBarcelona 08908, Spain
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Rao SR, Howarth A, Kratschmer P, Snaith AE, Yapp C, Ebner D, Hamdy FC, Edwards CM. Transcriptomic and Functional Screens Reveal MicroRNAs That Modulate Prostate Cancer Metastasis. Front Oncol 2020; 10:292. [PMID: 32231998 PMCID: PMC7082744 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying new mechanisms that underlie the complex process of metastasis is vital to combat this fatal step in prostate cancer (PCa) progression. Small non-coding RNAs are emerging as important regulators of tumor cell biology. Here we take an integrative approach to elucidate the contribution of microRNAs to metastatic progression, combining transcriptomic analysis with functional screens for migration and morphology. We developed high-content microscopy, high-throughput functional screens for migration and morphology in PCa cells using a microRNA library. RNA-Seq analysis of paired epithelial and mesenchymal PCa cells identified differential expression of 200 microRNAs. Data integration identified two microRNAs that inhibited migration, induced an epithelial-like morphology and were increased in epithelial PCa cells. An overrepresentation of the AAGUGC seed sequence was detected in all three datasets. Analysis of published datasets of patients with PCa identified microRNAs of clinical relevance. The integration of high-throughput functional and expression analyses identifies microRNAs with clinical significance that modulate metastatic behavior in PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasa R Rao
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Alison Howarth
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick Kratschmer
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ann E Snaith
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Clarence Yapp
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Ebner
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Freddie C Hamdy
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Claire M Edwards
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Li Z, Zheng J, Xia Q, He X, Bao J, Chen Z, Katayama H, Yu D, Zhang X, Xu J, Zhu T, Wang J. Identification of Specific Long Non-Coding Ribonucleic Acid Signatures and Regulatory Networks in Prostate Cancer in Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsies. Front Genet 2020; 11:62. [PMID: 32117463 PMCID: PMC7034103 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common tumors in men and can be lethal, especially if left untreated. A substantial majority of PCa patients not only are diagnosed based on fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsies, but their treatment choices are also largely driven by the pathological findings obtained with these FNA specimens. It is widely believed that lncRNAs have strong biological significance, but their specific functions and regulatory networks have not been elucidated. LncRNAs may serve as key players and regulators of PCa carcinogenesis and could be novel biomarkers of this cancer. To identify potential markers for early detection of PCa, in this study, we employed a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) microarray to identify differentially expressed lncRNAs (DelncRNAs) in PCa tissue and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis to validate these DelncRNAs in FNA biopsies. We demonstrated that a total of 451 lncRNAs were differentially expressed in four pairs of PCa/adjacent tissues, and upregulation of the lncRNAs RP11-33A14.1, RP11-423H2.3, and LAMTOR5-AS1 was confirmed in FNA biopsies of PCa by qRT-PCR and was consistent with the ceRNA array data. The association between the expression of the lncRNA LAMTOR5-AS1 and aggressive cancer was also investigated. Regulatory network analysis of DelncRNAs showed that the lncRNAs RP11-33A14.1 and RP11-423H2.3 targeted miR-7, miR-24-3p, and miR-30 and interacted with the RNA binding protein FUS. Knockdown of these DelncRNAs in PCa cells also demonstrated the effects of RP11-423H2.3 on miR-7/miR-24/miR-30 or LAMTOR5-AS1 on miR-942-5p/miR-542-3p via direct interaction. The results of these studies indicate that these three specific lncRNA signatures and regulatory networks might serve as risk prediction and diagnostic biomarkers for prostate cancer, even in biopsies obtained by FNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehuan Li
- Scientific Research Center, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianghua Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhoupu Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianlin Xia
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaomeng He
- Scientific Research Center, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan Bao
- Scientific Research Center, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhanghan Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hiroshi Katayama
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Die Yu
- Scientific Research Center, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Scientific Research Center, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianqing Xu
- Scientific Research Center, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tongyu Zhu
- Scientific Research Center, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Urology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Scientific Research Center, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Gao D, Zhou Z, Huang H. miR-30b-3p Inhibits Proliferation and Invasion of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells via Suppressing PI3K/Akt Pathway. Front Genet 2019; 10:1274. [PMID: 31921311 PMCID: PMC6923265 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The micro-RNA miR-30b-3p has been reported to play a crucial role in several cancers. However, the biological function of miR-30b-3p in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still unknown. Methods: RT-qPCR was employed to determine the expression of miR-30b-3p in HCC tissues and cells. The MTT assay, colony formation assay, and cell migration and invasion assay were employed to evaluate the role of miR-30b-3p in HCC cells. A dual-luciferase reporter assay was employed to verify the target of miR-30b-3p. Western blotting was employed to determine the expression of key molecular signal transducers along TRIM27-PI3K/Akt axis. Results: Expression of miR-30b-3p was markedly decreased in HCC tissues and cells and positively correlated with higher overall survival. Moreover, miR-30b-3p overexpression significantly repressed cell viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells in vitro. Notably, we demonstrated that miR-30b-3p directly bound to the 3′-untranslated region of tripartite motif containing 27 (TRIM27) mRNA by downregulating the expression of TRIM27, which was demonstrated to be negatively correlated with miR-30b-3p expression. TRIM27 was demonstrated to have an oncogenic role in HCC cells by enhancing cell viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion. Finally, the miR-30-3p-TRIM27-PI3K/Akt axis was shown to play a crucial role in HCC cells in vitro. Conclusion: Our results indicated that miR-30-3p might act as a new biomarker for the future diagnosis and treatment HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongkai Gao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhuji People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Shaoxing, China
| | - Zumo Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhuji People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Shaoxing, China
| | - Heqing Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhuji People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Shaoxing, China
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Rezaei S, Mahjoubin Tehran M, Sahebkar A, Jalili A, Aghaee‐Bakhtiari SH. Androgen receptor‐related micro RNAs in prostate cancer and their role in antiandrogen drug resistance. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:3222-3234. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Rezaei
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Maryam Mahjoubin Tehran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Amin Jalili
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
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Cai C, Cooper GF, Lu KN, Ma X, Xu S, Zhao Z, Chen X, Xue Y, Lee AV, Clark N, Chen V, Lu S, Chen L, Yu L, Hochheiser HS, Jiang X, Wang QJ, Lu X. Systematic discovery of the functional impact of somatic genome alterations in individual tumors through tumor-specific causal inference. PLoS Comput Biol 2019; 15:e1007088. [PMID: 31276486 PMCID: PMC6650088 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is mainly caused by somatic genome alterations (SGAs). Precision oncology involves identifying and targeting tumor-specific aberrations resulting from causative SGAs. We developed a novel tumor-specific computational framework that finds the likely causative SGAs in an individual tumor and estimates their impact on oncogenic processes, which suggests the disease mechanisms that are acting in that tumor. This information can be used to guide precision oncology. We report a tumor-specific causal inference (TCI) framework, which estimates causative SGAs by modeling causal relationships between SGAs and molecular phenotypes (e.g., transcriptomic, proteomic, or metabolomic changes) within an individual tumor. We applied the TCI algorithm to tumors from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and estimated for each tumor the SGAs that causally regulate the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in that tumor. Overall, TCI identified 634 SGAs that are predicted to cause cancer-related DEGs in a significant number of tumors, including most of the previously known drivers and many novel candidate cancer drivers. The inferred causal relationships are statistically robust and biologically sensible, and multiple lines of experimental evidence support the predicted functional impact of both the well-known and the novel candidate drivers that are predicted by TCI. TCI provides a unified framework that integrates multiple types of SGAs and molecular phenotypes to estimate which genome perturbations are causally influencing one or more molecular/cellular phenotypes in an individual tumor. By identifying major candidate drivers and revealing their functional impact in an individual tumor, TCI sheds light on the disease mechanisms of that tumor, which can serve to advance our basic knowledge of cancer biology and to support precision oncology that provides tailored treatment of individual tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhui Cai
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Center for Causal Discovery, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Gregory F. Cooper
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Center for Causal Discovery, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Kevin N. Lu
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Center for Causal Discovery, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Xiaojun Ma
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Shuping Xu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Zhenlong Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Xueer Chen
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Center for Causal Discovery, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Yifan Xue
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Center for Causal Discovery, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Adrian V. Lee
- Center for Causal Discovery, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Magee Women’s Cancer Research Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Nathan Clark
- Center for Causal Discovery, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Department of Computational Biology and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Vicky Chen
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Center for Causal Discovery, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Songjian Lu
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Center for Causal Discovery, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Lujia Chen
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Center for Causal Discovery, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Liyue Yu
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Center for Causal Discovery, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Harry S. Hochheiser
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Center for Causal Discovery, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Xia Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Center for Causal Discovery, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Q. Jane Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- * E-mail: (QJW); (XL)
| | - Xinghua Lu
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Center for Causal Discovery, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- * E-mail: (QJW); (XL)
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Fletcher CE, Sulpice E, Combe S, Shibakawa A, Leach DA, Hamilton MP, Chrysostomou SL, Sharp A, Welti J, Yuan W, Dart DA, Knight E, Ning J, Francis JC, Kounatidou EE, Gaughan L, Swain A, Lupold SE, de Bono JS, McGuire SE, Gidrol X, Bevan CL. Androgen receptor-modulatory microRNAs provide insight into therapy resistance and therapeutic targets in advanced prostate cancer. Oncogene 2019; 38:5700-5724. [PMID: 31043708 PMCID: PMC6755970 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0823-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Androgen receptor (AR) signalling is a key prostate cancer (PC) driver, even in advanced 'castrate-resistant' disease (CRPC). To systematically identify microRNAs (miRs) modulating AR activity in lethal disease, hormone-responsive and -resistant PC cells expressing a luciferase-based AR reporter were transfected with a miR inhibitor library; 78 inhibitors significantly altered AR activity. Upon validation, miR-346, miR-361-3p and miR-197 inhibitors markedly reduced AR transcriptional activity, mRNA and protein levels, increased apoptosis, reduced proliferation, repressed EMT, and inhibited PC migration and invasion, demonstrating additive effects with AR inhibition. Corresponding miRs increased AR activity through a novel and anti-dogmatic mechanism of direct association with AR 6.9 kb 3'UTR and transcript stabilisation. In addition, miR-346 and miR-361-3p modulation altered levels of constitutively active AR variants, and inhibited variant-driven PC cell proliferation, so may contribute to persistent AR signalling in CRPC in the absence of circulating androgens. Pathway analysis of AGO-PAR-CLIP-identified miR targets revealed roles in DNA replication and repair, cell cycle, signal transduction and immune function. Silencing these targets, including tumour suppressors ARHGDIA and TAGLN2, phenocopied miR effects, demonstrating physiological relevance. MiR-346 additionally upregulated the oncogene, YWHAZ, which correlated with grade, biochemical relapse and metastasis in patients. These AR-modulatory miRs and targets correlated with AR activity in patient biopsies, and were elevated in response to long-term enzalutamide treatment of patient-derived CRPC xenografts. In summary, we identified miRs that modulate AR activity in PC and CRPC, via novel mechanisms, and may represent novel PC therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire E Fletcher
- Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Eric Sulpice
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INSERM, BIG, BGE, 17 Avenue des Martyrs, 38054, Grenoble, France
| | - Stephanie Combe
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INSERM, BIG, BGE, 17 Avenue des Martyrs, 38054, Grenoble, France
| | - Akifumi Shibakawa
- Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Damien A Leach
- Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Mark P Hamilton
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza Houston M822, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Stelios L Chrysostomou
- Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Adam Sharp
- Prostate Cancer Target Therapy Group, Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, UK
| | - Jon Welti
- Prostate Cancer Target Therapy Group, Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, UK
| | - Wei Yuan
- Prostate Cancer Target Therapy Group, Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, UK
| | - Dafydd A Dart
- Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Eleanor Knight
- Tumour Profiling Unit, Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Jian Ning
- Tumour Profiling Unit, Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Jeffrey C Francis
- Tumour Profiling Unit, Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Evangelia E Kounatidou
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Luke Gaughan
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Amanda Swain
- Tumour Profiling Unit, Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Shawn E Lupold
- The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Johann S de Bono
- Prostate Cancer Target Therapy Group, Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, UK
| | - Sean E McGuire
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xavier Gidrol
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INSERM, BIG, BGE, 17 Avenue des Martyrs, 38054, Grenoble, France
| | - Charlotte L Bevan
- Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK.
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Zhao H, Lai X, Zhang W, Zhu H, Zhang S, Wu W, Wang S, Tang M, Deng Z, Tan J. MiR-30a-5p frequently downregulated in prostate cancer inhibits cell proliferation via targeting PCLAF. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:278-289. [PMID: 30669858 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2018.1553783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have vastly expanded our view of RNA world in intracellular signal regulating networks. Here, we functionally characterized a normally highly expressed miRNA, miR-30a-5p (MIMAT0000087), which exhibits downregulated expression profiles in prostate cancer samples. MiR-30a-5p knockdown and overexpression in PC-3 cell line alters cell proliferation supporting a tumour suppressor role. We also discovered that PCLAF is the direct target of miR-30a-5p. Notably, PC-3 cell proliferation is inhibited by miR-30a-5p/PCLAF axis. miR-30a-5p represents a novel molecule of functionally important miRNAs which may shed light on the novel therapeutic targets for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Zhao
- a Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Transplant Biology, Fuzhou Dongfang Hospital of Xiamen University (900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team), Fuzhou, Fujian, P.R. China.,b Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Transplant Biology, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Lai
- c Department of Clinical Genetics and Experimental Medicine, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Xiamen University School of Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- d Department of Urology, Bayi Hospital affiliated Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Hehuan Zhu
- a Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Transplant Biology, Fuzhou Dongfang Hospital of Xiamen University (900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team), Fuzhou, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Shenhang Zhang
- e ChinaFujian Key Laboratory of Exercise Rehabilitation, College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Weizhen Wu
- a Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Transplant Biology, Fuzhou Dongfang Hospital of Xiamen University (900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team), Fuzhou, Fujian, P.R. China.,b Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Transplant Biology, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Shuiliang Wang
- a Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Transplant Biology, Fuzhou Dongfang Hospital of Xiamen University (900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team), Fuzhou, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Minying Tang
- a Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Transplant Biology, Fuzhou Dongfang Hospital of Xiamen University (900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team), Fuzhou, Fujian, P.R. China.,b Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Transplant Biology, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Deng
- a Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Transplant Biology, Fuzhou Dongfang Hospital of Xiamen University (900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team), Fuzhou, Fujian, P.R. China.,b Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Transplant Biology, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Jianming Tan
- a Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Transplant Biology, Fuzhou Dongfang Hospital of Xiamen University (900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team), Fuzhou, Fujian, P.R. China.,b Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Transplant Biology, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, P. R. China
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