1
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Du YQ, Yuan B, Ye YX, Zhou FL, Liu H, Huang JJ, Wei YF. Plumbagin Regulates Snail to Inhibit Hepatocellular Carcinoma Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in vivo and in vitro. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2024; 11:565-580. [PMID: 38525157 PMCID: PMC10960549 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s452924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Plumbagin (PL) has been shown to effe ctively inhibit autophagy, suppressing invasion and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. However, the specific mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of PL on tumor growth factor (TGF)-β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in HCC. Methods Huh-7 cells were cultured, and in vivo models of EMT and HCC-associated lung metastasis were developed through tail vein and in situ injections of tumor cells. In vivo imaging and hematoxylin and eosin staining were used to evaluate HCC modeling and lung metastasis. After PL intervention, the expression levels of Snail, vimentin, E-cadherin, and N-cadherin in the liver were evaluated through immunohistochemistry and Western blot. An in vitro TGF-β-induced cell EMT model was used to detect Snail, vimentin, E-cadherin, and N-cadherin mRNA levels through a polymerase chain reaction. Their protein levels were detected by immunofluorescence staining and Western blot. Results In vivo experiments demonstrated that PL significantly reduced the expression of Snail, vimentin, and N-cadherin, while increasing the expression of E-cadherin at the protein levels, effectively inhibiting HCC and lung metastasis. In vitro experiments confirmed that PL up-regulated epithelial cell markers, down-regulated mesenchymal cell markers, and inhibited EMT levels in HCC cells. Conclusion PL inhibits Snail expression, up-regulates E-cadherin expression, and down-regulates N-cadherin and vimentin expression, preventing EMT in HCC cells and reducing lung metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Qin Du
- Graduate School, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Yuan
- Graduate School, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi-Xian Ye
- Graduate School, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng-ling Zhou
- Graduate School, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Liu
- Graduate School, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing-Jing Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan-Fei Wei
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Treating High-Incidence Infectious Diseases with Integrative Medicine, Nanning, 530200, People’s Republic of China
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2
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Yan H, Wang X, Yu L, Liu X, Yan F, Xie Y, Pu Q, Yang Z. Effectiveness of adjuvant traditional Chinese medicine on macrovascular invasion in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: a real-world propensity score-matched study. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1353720. [PMID: 38464727 PMCID: PMC10923102 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1353720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the potential of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in reducing the risk of macrovascular invasion (MVI) in Chinese patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This retrospective analysis involved 2,267 HCC patients treated at our hospital. Propensity score (PS) matching was used to compare TCM users (n = 485) with non-users (n = 485) in terms of age, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) staging, type of treatment, and AFP. The impact of TCM on the hazard ratio (HR) of MVI was evaluated using a Cox multivariate regression model. The efficacy of TCM therapy on MVI was further examined using the log-rank test. The analysis revealed that TCM medication was a significant protective factor for MVI in HCC patients, as evidenced by the Cox analysis (adjusted HR = 0.496, 95% CI: 0.387-0.635, p < 0.001). After PS matching, the Kaplan-Meier curve demonstrated a lower occurrence rate of MVI in TCM users compared to non-users. The study findings suggest that TCM treatment has the potential to decrease the incidence of MVI in HCC patients, irrespective of etiology, BCLC staging, liver function, or treatment type. Notably, as the use of TCM increased, the percentage of MVI in patients showed a gradual decrease, indicating the potential of TCM therapy as a successful strategy for preventing MVI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhiyun Yang
- Center of Integrative Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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3
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Bhagat S, Singh S. Use of antioxidant nanoliposomes for co-delivery of PTEN plasmids and plumbagin to induce apoptosis in hepatic cancer cells. Biomed Mater 2024; 19:025026. [PMID: 38215478 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad1dff] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma remains a challenging contributor to the global cancer and related mortality, and claims approximately 800,000 deaths each year. Dysregulation or loss of function mutations involving the tumor suppressor gene, phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN), has been well-characterized in various cancers to elicit anomalous cell proliferation and oncogenic transformation. However, the delivery and bioavailability of genes/drugs of interest to carcinomas remains a serious bottleneck behind the success of any anti-cancer formulation. In this study, we have engineered nanoliposomes containing PTEN plasmids, plumbagin, and antioxidant cerium oxide nanoparticles (Lipo-PTEN-Plum) to restore the PTEN expression and inhibit the AKT/PI3K pathway. The Lipo-PTEN-Plum was quasi-spherical in shape with ∼110 nm diameter and ∼64% plumbagin loading efficiency. The Lipo-PTEN-Plum was successfully internalized HepG2 cells, restore PTEN expression and inhibit PI3K/AKT pathway to induce death in cells grown in monolayer and in form of spheroids. Mechanistically, the formulation showed G2/M cell cycle arrest, DNA damage and apoptosis in hepatic cancer cells. Other cellular events such as Caspase-7 overexpression and PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase), AKT (a serine/threonine protein kinase), PARP [Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases], and mTOR (Mammalian target of rapamycin) inhibition led to the apoptosis in hepatic cancer cells. The mRNA expression profile of PTEN, PI3K, AKT3, Caspase-7, PARP and mTOR proteins, primarily controlling the cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis, suggest that exogenous supply of PTEN could regulate the expression of oncogenic proteins and thus cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuti Bhagat
- DBT-National Institute of Animal Biotechnology (NIAB), Opposite Journalist Colony, Near Gowlidoddy, Extended Q-City Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500032, Telangana, India
- DBT- Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB), Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
- Department of Biological and Life Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Ahmedabad University, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Sanjay Singh
- DBT-National Institute of Animal Biotechnology (NIAB), Opposite Journalist Colony, Near Gowlidoddy, Extended Q-City Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500032, Telangana, India
- DBT- Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB), Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
- Department of Biological and Life Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Ahmedabad University, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India
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4
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Alqurashi YE, Al-Hetty HRAK, Ramaiah P, Fazaa AH, Jalil AT, Alsaikhan F, Gupta J, Ramírez-Coronel AA, Tayyib NA, Peng H. Harnessing function of EMT in hepatocellular carcinoma: From biological view to nanotechnological standpoint. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 227:115683. [PMID: 36933639 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Management of cancer metastasis has been associated with remarkable reduction in progression of cancer cells and improving survival rate of patients. Since 90% of mortality are due to cancer metastasis, its suppression can improve ability in cancer fighting. The EMT has been an underlying cause in increasing cancer migration and it is followed by mesenchymal transformation of epithelial cells. HCC is the predominant kind of liver tumor threatening life of many people around the world with poor prognosis. Increasing patient prognosis can be obtained via inhibiting tumor metastasis. HCC metastasis modulation by EMT and HCC therapy by nanoparticles are discussed here. First of all, EMT happens during progression and advanced stages of HCC and therefore, its inhibition can reduce tumor malignancy. Moreover, anti-cancer compounds including all-trans retinoic acid and plumbaging, among others, have been considered as inhibitors of EMT. The EMT association with chemoresistance has been evaluated. Moreover, ZEB1/2, TGF-β, Snail and Twist are EMT modulators in HCC and enhancing cancer invasion. Therefore, EMT mechanism and related molecular mechanisms in HCC are evaluated. The treatment of HCC has not been only emphasized on targeting molecular pathways with pharmacological compounds and since drugs have low bioavailability, their targeted delivery by nanoparticles promotes HCC elimination. Moreover, nanoparticle-mediated phototherapy impairs tumorigenesis in HCC by triggering cell death. Metastasis of HCC and even EMT mechanism can be suppressed by cargo-loaded nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaser E Alqurashi
- Department of Biology, College of Science Al-zulfi, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | - Abduladheem Turki Jalil
- Medical Laboratories Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, 51001, Iraq
| | - Fahad Alsaikhan
- College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Jitendra Gupta
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Pin Code 281406, U. P., India
| | - Andrés Alexis Ramírez-Coronel
- Azogues Campus Nursing Career, Health and Behavior Research Group (HBR), Psychometry and Ethology Laboratory, Catholic University of Cuenca, Ecuador; Epidemiology and Biostatistics Research Group, CES University, Colombia; Educational Statistics Research Group (GIEE), National University of Education, Ecuador
| | - Nahla A Tayyib
- Faculty of Nursing, Umm Al- Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hu Peng
- Department of Emergency, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China.
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5
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Ardizzone A, Bova V, Casili G, Repici A, Lanza M, Giuffrida R, Colarossi C, Mare M, Cuzzocrea S, Esposito E, Paterniti I. Role of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor in Cancer: Biological Activity, Targeted Therapies, and Prognostic Value. Cells 2023; 12:cells12071002. [PMID: 37048074 PMCID: PMC10093572 DOI: 10.3390/cells12071002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide; thus, it is necessary to find successful strategies. Several growth factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF, FGF2), and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), are involved in the main processes that fuel tumor growth, i.e., cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis, by activating important signaling pathways, including PLC-γ/PI3/Ca2+ signaling, leading to PKC activation. Here, we focused on bFGF, which, when secreted by tumor cells, mediates several signal transductions and plays an influential role in tumor cells and in the development of chemoresistance. The biological mechanism of bFGF is shown by its interaction with its four receptor subtypes: fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) 1, FGFR2, FGFR3, and FGFR4. The bFGF–FGFR interaction stimulates tumor cell proliferation and invasion, resulting in an upregulation of pro-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic tumor cell proteins. Considering the involvement of the bFGF/FGFR axis in oncogenesis, preclinical and clinical studies have been conducted to develop new therapeutic strategies, alone and/or in combination, aimed at intervening on the bFGF/FGFR axis. Therefore, this review aimed to comprehensively examine the biological mechanisms underlying bFGF in the tumor microenvironment, the different anticancer therapies currently available that target the FGFRs, and the prognostic value of bFGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Ardizzone
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Valentina Bova
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanna Casili
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Alberto Repici
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Marika Lanza
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | | | - Cristina Colarossi
- Istituto Oncologico del Mediterraneo, Via Penninazzo 7, 95029 Viagrande, Italy
| | - Marzia Mare
- Istituto Oncologico del Mediterraneo, Via Penninazzo 7, 95029 Viagrande, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Emanuela Esposito
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres, 98166 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-090-6765208
| | - Irene Paterniti
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres, 98166 Messina, Italy
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6
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Mehdizadeh S, Taherian M, Bayati P, Mousavizadeh K, Pashangzadeh S, Anisian A, Mojtabavi N. Plumbagin attenuates Bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in mice. ALLERGY, ASTHMA, AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CANADIAN SOCIETY OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 18:93. [PMID: 36271442 PMCID: PMC9585773 DOI: 10.1186/s13223-022-00734-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal fibrotic lung disease with limited treatment options. Plumbagin (PL) is an herbal extract with diverse pharmacological effects that have been recently used to treat various types of cancer. This study aims to explore the anti-fibrotic effect of PL and possible underlying mechanisms in IPF. Methods We used a bleomycin-induced experimental mouse model of lung fibrosis to assess the potential anti-fibrotic effect of PL. Histological analysis of lung tissue samples by H&E and Masson’s trichrome staining and hydroxyproline assay was performed to evaluate the fibrotic alterations. ELISA and real-time quantitative PCR were conducted to determine the amount of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), tumor growth factor-beta (TGF-β), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), and endothelin-1 (ET-1). Results Bleomycin exposure induced lung fibrosis, which was indicated by inflammation, collagen deposition, and structural damage. PL remarkably prevented bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis. Furthermore, PL significantly inhibited TNF-α and TGF-β production. PL also diminished the upregulated expression of CTGF and ET-1 induced by bleomycin. Conclusion Overall, our findings suggest PL as an anti-fibrotic agent acting via down-regulation of TGF-β/CTGF or ET-1 axis, as well as TNF-α, to improve lung fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saber Mehdizadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Taherian
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Paria Bayati
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kazem Mousavizadeh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Salar Pashangzadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Anisian
- Department of Pathology, Islamic Azad University of Abhar, Abhar, Iran
| | - Nazanin Mojtabavi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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7
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Cheng CJ, Liu KX, Zhang M, Shen FK, Ye LL, Wu WB, Hou XT, Hao EW, Hou YY, Bai G. Okicamelliaside targets the N-terminal chaperone pocket of HSP90 disrupts the chaperone protein interaction of HSP90-CDC37 and exerts antitumor activity. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:1046-1058. [PMID: 34326484 PMCID: PMC8976057 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00737-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) has been recognized as a crucial target in cancer cells. However, various toxic reactions targeting the ATP binding site of HSP90 may not be the best choice for HSP90 inhibitors. In this paper, an ellagic acid derivative, namely, okicamelliaside (OCS), with antitumor effects was found. To identify potential anti-cancer mechanisms, an OCS photosensitive probe was applied to target fishing and tracing. Chemical proteomics and protein-drug interaction experiments have shown that HSP90 is a key target for OCS, with a strong binding affinity (KD = 6.45 μM). Mutation analysis of the target protein and molecular dynamics simulation revealed that OCS could competitively act on the key Glu-47 site at the N-terminal chaperone pocket of HSP90, where the co-chaperone CDC37 binds to HSP90, affect its stability and reduce the ∆Gbind of HSP90-CDC37. It was demonstrated that OCS destroys the protein-protein interactions of HSP90-CDC37; selectively affects downstream kinase client proteins of HSP90, including CDK4, P-AKT473, and P-ERK1/2; and exerts antitumor effects on A549 cells. Furthermore, tumor xenograft experiments demonstrated high antitumor activity and low toxicity of OCS in the same way. Our findings identified a novel N-terminal chaperone pocket natural inhibitor of HSP90, that is, OCS, which selectively inhibits the formation of the HSP90-CDC37 protein complex, and provided further insight into HSP90 inhibitors for anti-cancer candidate drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-jing Cheng
- grid.216938.70000 0000 9878 7032State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300353 China
| | - Kai-xin Liu
- grid.216938.70000 0000 9878 7032State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300353 China
| | - Man Zhang
- grid.216938.70000 0000 9878 7032State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300353 China
| | - Fu-kui Shen
- grid.216938.70000 0000 9878 7032State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300353 China
| | - Li-li Ye
- grid.216938.70000 0000 9878 7032State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300353 China
| | - Wen-bo Wu
- grid.216938.70000 0000 9878 7032State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300353 China
| | - Xiao-tao Hou
- grid.411858.10000 0004 1759 3543Collaborative Innovation Center of Research on Functional Ingredients from Agricultural Residues, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese medicine, Nanning, 530200 China ,grid.411858.10000 0004 1759 3543China-ASEAN Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Traditional Medicine Research, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200 China
| | - Er-wei Hao
- grid.411858.10000 0004 1759 3543Collaborative Innovation Center of Research on Functional Ingredients from Agricultural Residues, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese medicine, Nanning, 530200 China ,grid.411858.10000 0004 1759 3543China-ASEAN Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Traditional Medicine Research, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200 China
| | - Yuan-yuan Hou
- grid.216938.70000 0000 9878 7032State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300353 China
| | - Gang Bai
- grid.216938.70000 0000 9878 7032State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300353 China ,grid.411858.10000 0004 1759 3543China-ASEAN Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Traditional Medicine Research, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200 China
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8
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Rana P, Shrama A, Mandal CC. Molecular insights into phytochemicals-driven break function in tumor microenvironment. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13824. [PMID: 34219240 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Advanced knowledge about the role of tumor microenvironment (TME) in cancer progression has opened various ways to target the vast signaling pathways for cancer treatment. Failures of the currently used drugs have raised out the need to look for novel drugs which can target various crucial aspects of cancer progression (e.g., angiogenesis, uncontrolled cell division, and metastasis). Phytochemicals behaving as potent anticancer agents shows promise as therapeutics. Various phytochemicals, such as curcumin, Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG), resveratrol, plumbagin, genistein, and others, have been identified with modulatory effect on TME. These phytochemicals often target the molecular pathways that reside in the tumor vicinity associated with endothelial cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts, immune cells, mesenchymal stem cells, other cell types, vascular and lymphatic networks, and extracellular matrix which are important for tumor progression and development. Some phytochemicals also target the internal signaling pathways, including STAT3, NF-қB, ERK-1/2, and PI3K/Akt signaling of noncancer cell, residing in the microenvironment, and thus inhibiting the supportive effect from these cells in tumor development. However, much information needs to be acquired before using these phytochemicals in cancer treatment. The primary objective of this review is to provide a better knowledge about the role of TME in cancer progression and development, focusing on the different targets which can be used for therapeutic approach, and then to give a brief account on some known phytochemicals to date, which have shown remarkable TME modulatory effects. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: For the use of phytochemicals as therapeutics, it is highly recommended that their precise target should be known; therefore studies should be encouraged such that the effects of these phytochemicals can be evaluated on the individual cellular level like how the phytochemical is targeting the tumor-associated macrophage, or any other cell residing in the tumor microenvironment (TME), and the compound should target a specific component of TME to avoid off target effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanshi Rana
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - Amarjeet Shrama
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - Chandi C Mandal
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
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9
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Hwang J, Yang HW, Lu YA, Je JG, Lee HG, Fernando KHN, Jeon YJ, Ryu B. Phloroglucinol and dieckol isolated from Ecklonia cava suppress impaired diabetic angiogenesis; A study of in-vitro and in-vivo. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 138:111431. [PMID: 33752058 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormalities in angiogenesis that are associated with diabetes may contribute to vascular complications and result in disabilities and death. Furthermore, an imbalance in angiogenesis in different tissues, including the retina and kidney, can play a role in the pathogenesis of diabetic microvascular complications. Phlorotannins, such as phloroglucinol (PG) and dieckol (DK), which are found in Ecklonia cava exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities that improve endothelial function in hypertension. However, reports on the effects of these compounds on diabetes-induced angiogenesis in vivo and in vitro are scarce. In this study, we assessed the antiangiogenic effects of PG and DK on endothelial cells treated with a high concentration of glucose to mimic angiogenesis. In addition, we sought to determine the effects of these compounds on cell proliferation, cell migration, and capillary formation. In silico docking of PG and DK into VEGFR-2 revealed their potential as therapeutic agents against angiogenesis. Further, both compounds were identified to inhibit the formation of the retinal vessel in transgenic zebrafish (flk:EGFP) embryos under high glucose conditions. These findings suggested that PG and DK derived from E. cava are potential inhibitors of angiogenesis in diabetic vascular complications and could, therefore, be used to develop angiogenic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Hwang
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, South Korea
| | - Hye-Won Yang
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, South Korea
| | - Yu An Lu
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, South Korea
| | - Jun-Geon Je
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, South Korea
| | - Hyo-Geun Lee
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, South Korea
| | - K H N Fernando
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, South Korea
| | - You-Jin Jeon
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, South Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 63333, South Korea.
| | - BoMi Ryu
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, South Korea.
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10
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Zheng J, Gong XQ, Tao YY, Wang R, Yang G, Li JD, Ren T, Li ZM, Yang C, Wang WC, Yang L, Zhang XM. A Correlative Study Between IVIM-DWI Parameters and the Expression Levels of Ang-2 and TKT in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 10:594366. [PMID: 33520706 PMCID: PMC7845759 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.594366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Noninvasive evaluation of the expression of angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) and transketolase (TKT) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is of great significance for the clinical development of individualized treatment plans. However, the correlation between intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion weighted imaging (IVIM-DWI) and the expression of Ang-2 and TKT has not been reported. We sought to investigate the correlations between IVIM-DWI parameters and Ang-2 and TKT expression levels in HCCs. Methods Conventional non-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and IVIM-DWI and dynamic contrast MRI were performed for 61 patients with HCC before surgical treatment. Various IVIM-DWI parameters, such as apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), slow apparent diffusion coefficient (D), fast apparent diffusion coefficient (D*) and fraction of fast apparent diffusion coefficient (f), were calculated using Function-MADC software. Expression levels of Ang-2 and TKT in HCC were detected via immunohistochemical staining and classified into two grades. Independent sample t tests were used to compare differences in parameters between the two groups. The Spearman rank correlation test was used to analyze the correlations between IVIM-DWI parameters and Ang-2 and TKT expression levels in HCCs. Results The D* and f values were significantly higher in the high Ang-2 group than in the low Ang-2 group; there were no obvious between-group differences in ADC and D. Ang-2 expression was positively correlated with D* and f but not with ADC and D. The ADC and D values were significantly lower in the high TKT group than in the low TKT group, whereas the between-group differences for D* and f were not significant. TKT expression was negatively correlated with ADC and D but not with D* and f. Conclusions IVIM-DWI can be used to evaluate Ang-2 and TKT expression in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zheng
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Xue Qin Gong
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Yun Yun Tao
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Gang Yang
- Institute of Hepato-Biliary-Intestinal Disease, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Jing Dong Li
- Institute of Hepato-Biliary-Intestinal Disease, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Tian Ren
- Department of Medical Record Statistics, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Zu Mao Li
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Cui Yang
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Wei Cheng Wang
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Xiao Ming Zhang
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
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Therapeutic Approaches for Metastases from Colorectal Cancer and Pancreatic Ductal Carcinoma. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13010103. [PMID: 33466892 PMCID: PMC7830403 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13010103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the process of dissemination of a tumor, whereby cells from the primary site dislodge and find their way to other tissues where secondary tumors establish. Metastasis is the primary cause of death related to cancer. This process warrants changes in original tumoral cells and their microenvironment to establish a metastatic niche. Traditionally, cancer therapy has focused on metastasis prevention by systematic treatments or direct surgical re-sectioning. However, metastasis can still occur. More recently, new therapies direct their attention to targeting cancer stem cells. As they propose, these cells could be the orchestrators of the metastatic niche. In this review, we describe conventional and novel developments in cancer therapeutics for liver and lung metastasis. We further discuss the resistance mechanisms of targeted therapy, the advantages, and disadvantages of diverse treatment approaches, and future novel strategies to enhance cancer prognosis.
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Yin Z, Zhang J, Chen L, Guo Q, Yang B, Zhang W, Kang W. Anticancer Effects and Mechanisms of Action of Plumbagin: Review of Research Advances. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:6940953. [PMID: 33344645 PMCID: PMC7725562 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6940953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Plumbagin (PLB), a natural naphthoquinone constituent isolated from the roots of the medicinal plant Plumbago zeylanica L., exhibited anticancer activity against a variety of cancer cell lines including breast cancer, hepatoma, leukemia, melanoma, prostate cancer, brain tumor, tongue squamous cell carcinoma, esophageal cancer, oral squamous cell carcinoma, lung cancer, kidney adenocarcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, gastric cancer, lymphocyte carcinoma, osteosarcoma, and canine cancer. PLB played anticancer activity via many molecular mechanisms, such as targeting apoptosis, autophagy pathway, cell cycle arrest, antiangiogenesis pathway, anti-invasion, and antimetastasis pathway. Among these signaling pathways, the key regulatory genes regulated by PLB were NF-kβ, STAT3, and AKT. PLB also acted as a potent inducer of reactive oxygen species (ROS), suppressor of cellular glutathione, and novel proteasome inhibitor, causing DNA double-strand break by oxidative DNA base damage. This review comprehensively summarizes the anticancer activity and mechanism of PLB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Yin
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Research, Huanghe Science and Technology College, Zhengzhou 450063, China
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Drug Discovery of Small Molecules, Zhengzhou 450063, China
| | - Juanjuan Zhang
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Research, Huanghe Science and Technology College, Zhengzhou 450063, China
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Drug Discovery of Small Molecules, Zhengzhou 450063, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Research, Huanghe Science and Technology College, Zhengzhou 450063, China
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Drug Discovery of Small Molecules, Zhengzhou 450063, China
| | - Qingfeng Guo
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Research, Huanghe Science and Technology College, Zhengzhou 450063, China
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Drug Discovery of Small Molecules, Zhengzhou 450063, China
| | - Baocheng Yang
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Research, Huanghe Science and Technology College, Zhengzhou 450063, China
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Drug Discovery of Small Molecules, Zhengzhou 450063, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Research, Huanghe Science and Technology College, Zhengzhou 450063, China
| | - Wenyi Kang
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Research, Huanghe Science and Technology College, Zhengzhou 450063, China
- National R&D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
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Yuan W, Li F. Roles of microRNA-186 and vascular endothelial growth factor in hepatocellular carcinoma complicated with portal vein tumor thrombus. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:3860-3867. [PMID: 32855736 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the role and underlying mechanism of microRNA (miR)-186 in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) complicated with portal vein tumor thrombus. Blood samples from 29 HCC patients with portal vein tumor thrombus were collected between January 2014 and September 2015 in Huai'an First People's Hospital, while blood from 36 HCC patients without vein tumor thrombus was also collected in the same period. In addition, tumor thrombus specimens were collected from the HCC patients with portal vein tumor thrombus, and peritumoral tissues of the tumor thrombus were used as the control. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, ELISA and western blot analyses were applied to detect vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression at the mRNA and protein levels. Bioinformatics prediction was used to predict the target of miR-186, and then miR-186 expression was detected. Furthermore, dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to validate whether miR-186 directly targeted VEGF. Following transfection with agomiR-186, the expression levels of miR-186 and VEGF were detected, while MTT assay was used to detect EA.hy926 cell proliferation subsequent to small interfering RNA (siRNA) silencing. The results identified that VEGF was significantly increased in the tumor thrombus and blood samples of HCC patients with vein tumor thrombus at the mRNA and protein levels, while miR-186 expression was significantly decreased (P<0.05). Following silencing VEGF by siRNA transfection, the proliferation of EA.hy926 cells was inhibited. In addition, VEGF expression was significantly decreased and cell proliferation was reduced when upregulating miR-186. Dual-luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that miR-186 regulated VEGF expression through complementary binding to 3'-untranslated region. In conclusion, VEGF was significantly increased in tumor thrombus and blood samples from HCC patients with vein tumor thrombus, which may be associated with the downregulation of miR-186. Thus, miR-186 may promote the development and progression of vein tumor thrombus in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Yuan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Fuguang Li
- The Second Ward of General Surgery Department, Ankang City Central Hospital, Ankang, Shaanxi 725000, P.R. China
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Pu J, Wang J, Wei H, Lu T, Wu X, Wu Y, Shao Z, Luo C, Lu Y. lncRNA MAGI2-AS3 Prevents the Development of HCC via Recruiting KDM1A and Promoting H3K4me2 Demethylation of the RACGAP1 Promoter. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 18:351-362. [PMID: 31629962 PMCID: PMC6807294 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating studies have implicated the role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) through the regulating transcription and mRNA stability. A recent report has linked Rac GTPase-activating protein 1 (RACGAP1) to the early recurrence of HCC. The current study aimed to ascertain whether MAGI2 antisense RNA 3 (MAGI2-AS3) influences the development of HCC by regulating RACGAP1. MAGI2-AS3 expression was initially quantified in both the HCC tissues and cell lines. In order to elucidate the role of MAGI2-AS3 in the development of HCC, MAGI2-AS3 was overexpressed or silenced in HCC cells after which cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and migration were evaluated. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), and biotin-labeled RNA pull-down assays were conducted to determine the interactions among MAGI2-AS3, KDM1A, and RACGAP1. Finally, the effects of MAGI2-AS3 and RACGAP1 on the tumorigenesis of transplanted HCC cells in nude mice were evaluated. MAGI2-AS3 was found to be under-expressed in HCC tissues and cell lines. The restoration of MAGI2-AS3 was identified to markedly inhibit HCC cell growth, migrating ability, and invasiveness, and promote cell apoptosis. Interaction between MAGI2-AS3 and KDM1A was identified. KDM1A recruited by MAGI2-AS3 was found to promote H3K4me2 demethylation at the RACGAP1 promoter, which ultimately decreased the expression of RACGAP1. We also identified that RACGAP1 knockdown eliminated the stimulatory effects of MAGI2-AS3 silencing on the malignant phenotypes of HCC cells. Additionally, the expression of MAGI2-AS3 reduced tumor weight and size in HCC transplanted nude mice. Taken together, the key observations of the current study demonstrate the potential of MAGI2-AS3 as a tumor suppressor and a promising target for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Pu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, P.R. China.
| | - Jianchu Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, P.R. China
| | - Huamei Wei
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, P.R. China
| | - Tao Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, P.R. China
| | - Xianjian Wu
- Graduate College, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, P.R. China
| | - Yi Wu
- Graduate College, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, P.R. China
| | - Zesheng Shao
- Graduate College, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, P.R. China
| | - Chunying Luo
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, P.R. China
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, P.R. China
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Zhong J, Li J, Wei J, Huang D, Huo L, Zhao C, Lin Y, Chen W, Wei Y. Plumbagin Restrains Hepatocellular Carcinoma Angiogenesis by Stromal Cell-Derived Factor (SDF-1)/CXCR4-CXCR7 Axis. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:6110-6119. [PMID: 31415486 PMCID: PMC6707097 DOI: 10.12659/msm.915782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anti-angiogenic therapy has recently emerged as a highly promising therapeutic strategy for treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MATERIAL AND METHODS We assessed cellular proliferation, invasion, and activation of growth factors (VEGF and IL-8) with SDF-1 induced in the hepatocellular carcinoma cell line SMMC-7721, and this progression was limited by plumbagin (PL). The human umbilical vein endothelial cell line HUVEC was co-cultured with SDF-1-induced SMMC-7721, and the expressions of CXCR7, CXCR4, and PI3K/Akt pathways after PL treatment were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. RESULTS The treatment of the hepatoma cell line SMMC-7721 with SDF-1 resulted in enhanced secretion of the angiogenic factors, IL-8 and VEGF, and shows that these stimulatory effects are abolished by PL. The study further demonstrated that PL not only abolishes SDF-1-induced formation of endothelial tubes, but also inhibits expression of CXCR4 and CXCR7, and partially prevents activation of angiogenic signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS The effect of PL on the SDF-1-CXCR4/CXCR7 axis has become an attractive target for inhibiting angiogenesis in hepatoma cells. Our results provide more evidence for the clinical application of PL as part of traditional Chinese medicine in modern cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhong
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Junxuan Li
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Jiexiao Wei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Delun Huang
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Lini Huo
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Chuan Zhao
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Yuning Lin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Wanjun Chen
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Yanfei Wei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
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Wei Y, Lv B, Xie J, Zhang Y, Lin Y, Wang S, Zhong J, Chen Y, Peng Y, Ma J. Plumbagin promotes human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cell apoptosis via caspase-3/vimentin signal-mediated EMT. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2019; 13:2343-2355. [PMID: 31409969 PMCID: PMC6643260 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s204787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background/aims Plumbagin (PL) has been shown to effectively inhibit tumor growth and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells in previous studies, but the specific mechanism for this remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of PL-induced apoptosis in epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in vivo and in vitro. Methods SMMC-7721 cells were cultured, an EMT model was induced in vitro by TGF-β1, cell proliferation was detected by the MTT assay, cell invasion was analyzed by the Transwell invasion assay, and the apoptosis rate was measured by flow cytometry. RT-PCR was used to detect vimentin, E-cadherin, N-cadherin and snail mRNA, and Western blotting was used to detect the vimentin, caspase-3, PARP-1, E-cadherin, N-cadherin and snail protein expression levels. HE staining and TUNEL staining, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were used to detect the expression levels of bax and bcl-2 in hepatocarcinoma xenografts and to evaluate their apoptosis in vivo. Results The in vitro results showed that PL inhibited the proliferation of EMT model cells, increased the apoptosis rate of the EMT model, and significantly decreased the vimentin, PARP-1, N-cadherin and snail protein levels, but significantly increased E-cadherin and caspase-3 protein expression. In addition, the in vivo results indicated that PL can affect the expression of bax/bcl-2 apoptotic marker proteins. Conclusion PL may induce apoptosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells undergoing epithelial–mesenchymal transition by increasing the caspase-3 protein level and cleaving vimentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Wei
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, People's Republic of China
| | - Beibei Lv
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinling Xie
- Medical Science Experimental Center, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuning Lin
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengshan Wang
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhong
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongxin Chen
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Peng
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, People's Republic of China
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Parveen A, Subedi L, Kim HW, Khan Z, Zahra Z, Farooqi MQ, Kim SY. Phytochemicals Targeting VEGF and VEGF-Related Multifactors as Anticancer Therapy. J Clin Med 2019; 8:E350. [PMID: 30871059 PMCID: PMC6462934 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8030350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in cancer cells is not limited to angiogenesis; there are also multiple factors, such as neuropilins (non-tyrosine kinases receptors), tyrosine kinases receptors, immunodeficiencies, and integrins, that interact with VEGF signaling and cause cancer initiation. By combating these factors, tumor progression can be inhibited or limited. Natural products are sources of several bioactive phytochemicals that can interact with VEGF-promoting factors and inhibit them through various signaling pathways, thereby inhibiting cancer growth. This review provides a deeper understanding of the relation and interaction of VEGF with cancer-promoting factors and phytochemicals in order to develop multi-targeted cancer prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amna Parveen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Government College University, Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, No. 191, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea.
| | - Lalita Subedi
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, No. 191, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea.
| | - Heung Wan Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, No. 191, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea.
| | - Zahra Khan
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, No. 191, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea.
| | - Zahra Zahra
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Sector H-12, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
| | | | - Sun Yeou Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, No. 191, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea.
- Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University, No. 191 Hambakmoe-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea.
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Zhang Y, Wang Z, Ma X, Yang S, Hu X, Tao J, Hou Y, Bai G. Glycyrrhetinic acid binds to the conserved P-loop region and interferes with the interaction of RAS-effector proteins. Acta Pharm Sin B 2019; 9:294-303. [PMID: 30976491 PMCID: PMC6438844 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Members of the RAS proto-oncogene superfamily are indispensable molecular switches that play critical roles in cell proliferation, differentiation, and cell survival. Recent studies have attempted to prevent the interaction of RAS/GTP with RAS guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), impair RAS-effector interactions, and suppress RAS localization to prevent oncogenic signalling. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of the natural triterpenoic acid inhibitor glycyrrhetinic acid, which is isolated from the roots of Glycyrrhiza plant species, on RAS stability. We found that glycyrrhetinic acid may bind to the P-loop of RAS and alter its stability. Based on our biochemical tests and structural analysis results, glycyrrhetinic acid induced a conformational change in RAS. Meanwhile, glycyrrhetinic acid abolishes the function of RAS by interfering with the effector protein RAF kinase activation and RAS/MAPK signalling.
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Key Words
- Allosteric inhibitor
- CD, circular dichroism
- DTT, d,l-dithiothreitol
- FTIs, farnesyltransferase inhibitors
- FTS, fluorescence-based thermal shift
- GA, glycyrrhetinic acid
- GAPs, GTP hydrolysis by GTPase-activating proteins
- GEFs, guanine nucleotide exchange factors
- Glycyrrhetinic acid
- HOBt, hydroxybenzotrizole
- Kobe, Kobe0065
- N3-tag, 3-azido-7-hydroxycoumarin
- NH2-MMs, Fe3O4 amino magnetic microspheres
- RAS
- RAS, GTPases RAS
- RAS/MAPK signalling
- SPR, surface plasmon resonance
- Sulfo-SADP, sodium1-((3-((4-azidophenyl)disulfanyl)propanoyl)oxy)-2,5-dioxopyrrolidine-3-sulfonate
- Tip, tipifarnib
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Tripathi SK, Panda M, Biswal BK. Emerging role of plumbagin: Cytotoxic potential and pharmaceutical relevance towards cancer therapy. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 125:566-582. [PMID: 30685472 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Plumbagin is a naphthoquinone derived yellow crystalline phytochemical. Plumbagin has a wide range of biological effects including cytotoxicity against cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. Due to the pleiotropic nature of plumbagin, it shows the anticancer effect by targeting several molecular mechanisms including apoptosis and autophagic pathways, cell cycle arrest, anti-angiogenic pathways, anti-invasion and anti-metastasis pathways. Among many signaling pathways the key regulatory genes regulated by plumbagin are NF-kβ, STAT3, and AKT, etc. Plumbagin is also a potent inducer of ROS, suppressor of cellular glutathione, and causes DNA strand break by oxidative DNA base damages. In vivo studies suggested that plumbagin significantly reduces the tumor weight and volume in dose-dependent manner without any side effects in tested model organisms. Another exciting aspect of plumbagin is the ability to re-sensitize the chemo and radioresistant cancer cells when used in combination or alone. Nano encapsulation of plumbagin overcomes the poor water solubility and bioavailability obstacles, enhancing the pharmaceutical relevance with better therapeutic efficacy. Moreover, plumbagin can be introduced as a future phytotherapeutic anticancer drug after fully satisfied preclinical and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surya Kant Tripathi
- Cancer Drug Resistance Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, 769008, Sundergarh, Odisha, India
| | - Munmun Panda
- Cancer Drug Resistance Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, 769008, Sundergarh, Odisha, India
| | - Bijesh K Biswal
- Cancer Drug Resistance Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, 769008, Sundergarh, Odisha, India.
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Lin Y, Chen Y, Wang S, Ma J, Peng Y, Yuan X, Lv B, Chen W, Wei Y. Plumbagin induces autophagy and apoptosis of SMMC-7721 cells in vitro and in vivo. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:9820-9830. [PMID: 30536473 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Plumbagin (PL), an active naphthoquinone compound, has been demonstrated to be a potential anticancer agent. However, the underlying anticancer mechanism is not fully understood. In this study, the human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) SMMC-7721 cell line was studied in an in vitro model. The cell proliferation was inhibited by PL in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Electron microscopy, acridine orange staining, and immunofluorescence were used to evaluate autophagosome formation and LC3 protein expression in PL-treated SMMC-7721 cells. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot showed that PL treatment suppressed the expression of apoptosis and autophagy factors (LC3, Beclin1, Atg7, and Atg5), which are associated with tumor apoptosis and autophagy in SMMC-7721 cells. In the study of in vitro tumor nude mouse models, PL can inhibit tumor growth. Cell apoptosis and autophagy of the transplanted tumors were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling staining, and Western blot. In addition, in the in vivo studies of HCC cells, we found that pretreatment with the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine blocked the formation of apoptosis induced by PL. In contrast, administration of the apoptosis inhibitor Z-VAD did not affect PL-induced autophagy. Taken together, our findings strongly suggest that PL is a promising drug with significant antitumor activity in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuning Lin
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yongxin Chen
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Shengshan Wang
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yue Peng
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xianling Yuan
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Beibei Lv
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Wanjun Chen
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yanfei Wei
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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21
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De U, Son JY, Jeon Y, Ha SY, Park YJ, Yoon S, Ha KT, Choi WS, Lee BM, Kim IS, Kwak JH, Kim HS. Plumbagin from a tropical pitcher plant (Nepenthes alata Blanco) induces apoptotic cell death via a p53-dependent pathway in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 123:492-500. [PMID: 30458268 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Plumbagin (5-hydroxy-2-methyl-1,4-naphthaquinone) has displayed antitumor activity in vitro and in animal models; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms have not been fully explored. The aim of this study was to investigate the anticancer effects of plumbagin isolated from Nepenthes alata against MCF-7 breast cancer cells. We examined the cytotoxicity, cell cycle regulation, apoptotic cell death, and generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in MCF-7 cells. Plumbagin exhibited potent cytotoxicity in MCF-7 cells (wild-type p53) compared to that in SK-OV-3 (null-type) human epithelial ovarian cancer cells. Specifically, plumbagin upregulated the expression of p21CIP1/WAF1 in MCF-7 cells, causing cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase through inhibition of cyclin B1 levels. Plumbagin also significantly increased the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 and release of cytochrome c, resulting in apoptotic cell death in MCF-7 cells. Furthermore, plumbagin dramatically increased the intracellular ROS level, whereas pretreatment with the ROS scavenger N-acetyl cysteine protected against plumbagin-induced cytotoxicity, suggesting that ROS formation plays a pivotal role in antitumor activity in MCF-7 cells. In mice bearing MCF-7 cell xenografts, plumbagin significantly reduced tumor growth and weight without apparent side effects. We therefore concluded that plumbagin exerts anticancer activity against MCF-7 cells through the generation of intracellular ROS, resulting in the induction of apoptosis via a p53-dependent pathway. This study thus identifies a new anticancer mechanism of plumbagin against p53-dependent breast cancer cells and suggests a novel strategy for overcoming of breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umasankar De
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Son
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yukyoung Jeon
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Song-Yi Ha
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Jin Park
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungpil Yoon
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Tae Ha
- School of Korean Medicine and Healthy Aging Korean Medicine Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Wahn Soo Choi
- School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Mu Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - In Su Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hwan Kwak
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyung Sik Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Zhang C, Wang N, Tan HY, Guo W, Li S, Feng Y. Targeting VEGF/VEGFRs Pathway in the Antiangiogenic Treatment of Human Cancers by Traditional Chinese Medicine. Integr Cancer Ther 2018; 17:582-601. [PMID: 29807443 PMCID: PMC6142106 DOI: 10.1177/1534735418775828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bearing in mind the doctrine of tumor angiogenesis hypothesized by Folkman
several decades ago, the fundamental strategy for alleviating numerous cancer
indications may be the strengthening application of notable antiangiogenic
therapies to inhibit metastasis-related tumor growth. Under physiological
conditions, vascular sprouting is a relatively infrequent event unless when
specifically stimulated by pathogenic factors that contribute to the
accumulation of angiogenic activators such as the vascular endothelial growth
factor (VEGF) family and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). Since VEGFs have
been identified as the principal cytokine to initiate angiogenesis in tumor
growth, synthetic VEGF-targeting medicines containing bevacizumab and sorafenib
have been extensively used, but prominent side effects have concomitantly
emerged. Traditional Chinese medicines (TCM)–derived agents with distinctive
safety profiles have shown their multitarget curative potential by impairing
angiogenic stimulatory signaling pathways directly or eliciting synergistically
therapeutic effects with anti-angiogenic drugs mainly targeting VEGF-dependent
pathways. This review aims to summarize (a) the up-to-date
understanding of the role of VEGF/VEGFR in correlation with proangiogenic
mechanisms in various tissues and cells; (b) the elaboration of
antitumor angiogenesis mechanisms of 4 representative TCMs, including
Salvia miltiorrhiza, Curcuma longa, ginsenosides, and
Scutellaria baicalensis; and (c)
circumstantial clarification of TCM-driven therapeutic actions of suppressing
tumor angiogenesis by targeting VEGF/VEGFRs pathway in recent years, based on
network pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- 1 The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Ning Wang
- 1 The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Hor-Yue Tan
- 1 The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Wei Guo
- 1 The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Sha Li
- 1 The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Yibin Feng
- 1 The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
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23
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Li Z, Zhu C, An B, Chen Y, He X, Qian L, Lan L, Li S. Indirubin inhibits cell proliferation, migration, invasion and angiogenesis in tumor-derived endothelial cells. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:2937-2944. [PMID: 29849463 PMCID: PMC5965373 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s157949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most predominant malignancies with high fatality rate and its incidence is rising at an alarming rate because of its resistance to radio- and chemotherapy. Indirubin is the major active anti-tumor ingredient of a traditional Chinese herbal medicine. The present study aimed to analyze the effects of indirubin on cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis of tumor-derived endothelial cells (Td-EC). Methods Td-EC were derived from human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) by treating HUVEC with the conditioned medium of human liver cancer cell line HepG2. Cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis were assessed by MTT, wound healing, in vitro cell invasion, and in vitro tube formation assay. Results Td-EC were successfully obtained from HUVEC cultured with 50% culture supernatant from serum-starved HepG2 cells. Indirubin significantly inhibited Td-EC proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Indirubin also inhibited Td-EC migration, invasion, and angiogenesis. However, indirubin's effects were weaker on HUVEC than Td-EC. Conclusion Indirubin significantly inhibited Td-EC proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuohong Li
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chaofu Zhu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Baiping An
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiuyun He
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin Qian
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lan Lan
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shijie Li
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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24
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Liu H, Tao Y, Chen M, Yu J, Li WJ, Tao L, Li Y, Li F. 17β-Estradiol Promotes Angiogenesis of Rat Cardiac Microvascular Endothelial Cells In Vitro. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:2489-2496. [PMID: 29684003 PMCID: PMC5936052 DOI: 10.12659/msm.903344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The formation of new blood vessels, known as angiogenesis, is critical for recovery from ischemic heart disease, and estrogen is considered an important factor in this process. Here, we investigated the effects of 17β-estradiol (17β-E2) on proliferation and migration of cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) in vitro. Material/Methods Rat CMECs were isolated and cultured with 17β-E2 (0.001–1 μmol/l) in the absence or presence of the estrogen antagonist tamoxifen. Then, the expression level of estrogen receptor alpha was evaluated by using immunofluorescence assay, RT-PCR, and Western blot. Cell proliferation was detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium analysis and the cell migration was verified by a scraping assay and quantified by a Transwell chamber assay. CMEC differentiation was examined using a tube formation assay. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results CMECs exhibited homogenous, polygonal, exhibited contact inhibition, and had characteristically ovoid nuclei with 1 or 2 nucleoli, and the cytoplasm exhibited red fluorescence after staining for von Willebrand factor. 17β-E2 treatment upregulated estrogen receptor alpha expression in CMECs. 17β-E2 treatment significantly promoted the proliferation, migration, tubular structure formation, and VEGF secretion in CMECs. The maximal proliferation occurred in the presence of 0.01 μmol/l 17β-E2. Furthermore, estrogen and VEGF were found to synergistically stimulate angiogenesis. Conclusions Our data show that 17β-E2 promotes angiogenesis in vitro and suggests that estrogen treatment as a novel therapeutic modality in the management of arterial insufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- HaiTao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Yin Tao
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Mai Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Jin Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Wei-Jie Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Ling Tao
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (mainland)
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25
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Wang D, Cao Y, Zheng L, Lv D, Chen L, Xing X, Zhu Z, Li X, Chai Y. Identification of Annexin A2 as a target protein for plant alkaloid matrine. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:5020-5023. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc02227a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The cellular target of matrine is identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyao Wang
- School of Pharmacy
- Second Military Medical University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Yan Cao
- School of Pharmacy
- Second Military Medical University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Leyi Zheng
- School of Pharmacy
- Second Military Medical University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Diya Lv
- School of Pharmacy
- Second Military Medical University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Langdong Chen
- School of Pharmacy
- Second Military Medical University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Xinrui Xing
- School of Pharmacy
- Second Military Medical University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Zhenyu Zhu
- School of Pharmacy
- Second Military Medical University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Hong Kong
- Hong Kong SAR
- China
| | - Yifeng Chai
- School of Pharmacy
- Second Military Medical University
- Shanghai
- China
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