1
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Ji G, Zhao J, Si X, Song W. Targeting bacterial metabolites in tumor for cancer therapy: An alternative approach for targeting tumor-associated bacteria. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 211:115345. [PMID: 38834140 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Emerging evidence reveal that tumor-associated bacteria (TAB) can facilitate the initiation and progression of multiple types of cancer. Recent work has emphasized the significant role of intestinal microbiota, particularly bacteria, plays in affecting responses to chemo- and immuno-therapies. Hence, it seems feasible to improve cancer treatment outcomes by targeting intestinal bacteria. While considering variable richness of the intestinal microbiota and diverse components among individuals, direct manipulating the gut microbiota is complicated in clinic. Tumor initiation and progression requires the gut microbiota-derived metabolites to contact and reprogram neoplastic cells. Hence, directly targeting tumor-associated bacteria metabolites may have the potential to provide alternative and innovative strategies to bypass the gut microbiota for cancer therapy. As such, there are great opportunities to explore holistic approaches that incorporates TAB-derived metabolites and related metabolic signals modulation for cancer therapy. In this review, we will focus on key opportunistic areas by targeting TAB-derived metabolites and related metabolic signals, but not bacteria itself, for cancer treatment, and elucidate future challenges that need to be addressed in this emerging field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofeng Ji
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Jingjing Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453100, China
| | - Xinghui Si
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China; Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Wantong Song
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China; Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun 130022, China.
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2
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Zhou Y, Tao L, Qiu J, Xu J, Yang X, Zhang Y, Tian X, Guan X, Cen X, Zhao Y. Tumor biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis and targeted therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:132. [PMID: 38763973 PMCID: PMC11102923 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01823-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor biomarkers, the substances which are produced by tumors or the body's responses to tumors during tumorigenesis and progression, have been demonstrated to possess critical and encouraging value in screening and early diagnosis, prognosis prediction, recurrence detection, and therapeutic efficacy monitoring of cancers. Over the past decades, continuous progress has been made in exploring and discovering novel, sensitive, specific, and accurate tumor biomarkers, which has significantly promoted personalized medicine and improved the outcomes of cancer patients, especially advances in molecular biology technologies developed for the detection of tumor biomarkers. Herein, we summarize the discovery and development of tumor biomarkers, including the history of tumor biomarkers, the conventional and innovative technologies used for biomarker discovery and detection, the classification of tumor biomarkers based on tissue origins, and the application of tumor biomarkers in clinical cancer management. In particular, we highlight the recent advancements in biomarker-based anticancer-targeted therapies which are emerging as breakthroughs and promising cancer therapeutic strategies. We also discuss limitations and challenges that need to be addressed and provide insights and perspectives to turn challenges into opportunities in this field. Collectively, the discovery and application of multiple tumor biomarkers emphasized in this review may provide guidance on improved precision medicine, broaden horizons in future research directions, and expedite the clinical classification of cancer patients according to their molecular biomarkers rather than organs of origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhou
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Lei Tao
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jiahao Qiu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xinyu Yang
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- School of Medicine, Tibet University, Lhasa, 850000, China
| | - Xinyu Tian
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xinqi Guan
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiaobo Cen
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yinglan Zhao
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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3
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Valsecchi AA, Ferrari G, Paratore C, Dionisio R, Vignani F, Sperone P, Vellani G, Novello S, Di Maio M. Gut and local microbiota in patients with cancer: increasing evidence and potential clinical applications. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 197:104328. [PMID: 38490281 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, cancer research has highlighted the role of disrupted microbiota in carcinogenesis and cancer recurrence. However, microbiota may also interfere with drug metabolism, influencing the efficacy of cancer drugs, especially immunotherapy, and modulating the onset of adverse events. Intestinal micro-organisms can be altered by external factors, such as use of antibiotics, proton pump inhibitors treatment, lifestyle and the use of prebiotics or probiotics. The aim of our review is to provide a picture of the current evidence about preclinical and clinical data of the role of gut and local microbiota in malignancies and its potential clinical role in cancer treatments. Standardization of microbiota sequencing approaches and its modulating strategies within prospective clinical trials could be intriguing for two aims: first, to provide novel potential biomarkers both for early cancer detection and for therapeutic effectiveness; second, to propose personalized and "microbiota-tailored" treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Amela Valsecchi
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Giorgia Ferrari
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Chiara Paratore
- Department of Oncology, ASL TO4, Ivrea Community Hospital, Ivrea, Italy.
| | - Rossana Dionisio
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Mauriziano Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Vignani
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Mauriziano Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Paola Sperone
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Giorgio Vellani
- Department of Oncology, ASL TO4, Ivrea Community Hospital, Ivrea, Italy
| | - Silvia Novello
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Massimo Di Maio
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
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4
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Cheng W, Li F, Gao Y, Yang R. Fungi and tumors: The role of fungi in tumorigenesis (Review). Int J Oncol 2024; 64:52. [PMID: 38551162 PMCID: PMC10997370 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2024.5640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Fungi inhabit different anatomic sites in the human body. Advances in omics analyses of host‑microbiome interactions have tremendously improved our understanding of the effects of fungi on human health and diseases such as tumors. Due to the significant enrichment of specific fungi in patients with malignant tumors, the associations between fungi and human cancer have attracted an increasing attention in recent years. Indeed, cancer type‑specific fungal profiles have been found in different tumor tissues. Importantly, fungi also influence tumorigenesis through multiple factors, such as host immunity and bioactive metabolites. Microbiome interactions, host factors and fungal genetic and epigenetic factors could be involved in fungal enrichment in tumor tissues and/or in the conversion from a commensal fungus to a pathogenic fungus. Exploration of the interactions of fungi with the bacterial microbiome and the host may enable them to be a target for cancer diagnosis and treatment. In the present review, the associations between fungi and human cancer, cancer type‑specific fungal profiles and the mechanisms by which fungi cause tumorigenesis were discussed. In addition, possible factors that can lead to the enrichment of fungi in tumor tissues and/or the conversion of commensal fungi to pathogenic fungi, as well as potential therapeutic and preventive strategies for tumors based on intratumoral fungi were summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyue Cheng
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| | - Fan Li
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| | - Yunhuan Gao
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| | - Rongcun Yang
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
- Translational Medicine Institute, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
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5
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Lin X, Zheng W, Zhao X, Zeng M, Li S, Peng S, Song T, Sun Y. Microbiome in gynecologic malignancies: a bibliometric analysis from 2012 to 2022. Transl Cancer Res 2024; 13:1980-1996. [PMID: 38737701 PMCID: PMC11082697 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-23-1769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Microbiome and microbial dysbiosis have been proven to be involved in the carcinogenesis and treatment of gynecologic malignancies. However, there is a noticeable gap in the literature, as no comprehensive papers have covered general information, research status, and research frontiers in this field. This study addressed this gap by exploring the relationship between the gut and female reproductive tract (FRT) microbiome and gynecological cancers from a bibliometric perspective. Using VOSviewer 1.6.18, CiteSpace 6.1.R6, and HistCite Pro 2.1 software, we analyzed data retrieved from the Web of Science (WOS) Core Collection (WoSCC) database. Our dataset, consisting of 204 articles published from 2012 to 2022, revealed a consistent and upward publication trend. The United States and the United Kingdom were the primary driving forces, attributed to their prolificacy, high-quality output, and extensive cooperation. The University of Arizona Cancer Center, which is affiliated with the United States, ranked first among the top ten most prolific institutions. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology emerged as the leading publisher. Herbst-Kralovetz MM led as the most productive author. Mitra A was the most influential author. Cervical cancer is notably associated with the microbiome, while endometrial and ovarian cancers are receiving increased attention in the last year. Intersections between the gut microbiome and estrogen are of growing importance. Current research focuses on identifying specific microbial species for etiological diagnosis, while frontiers mainly focus on the anticancer potential of microorganisms, such as regulating the effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors. In conclusion, this study sheds light on a novel and burgeoning direction of research, providing a one-stop overview of the microbiome in gynecologic malignancies. Its findings aim to help young researchers to identify research directions and future trends for ongoing investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Lin
- Department of Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Weiqin Zheng
- Department of Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaotong Zhao
- Department of Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Mengyao Zeng
- Department of Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shibo Li
- Department of Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Sizheng Peng
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tao Song
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuhui Sun
- Department of Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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6
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Fu Y, Li J, Cai W, Huang Y, Liu X, Ma Z, Tang Z, Bian X, Zheng J, Jiang J, Li C. The emerging tumor microbe microenvironment: From delineation to multidisciplinary approach-based interventions. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:1560-1591. [PMID: 38572104 PMCID: PMC10985043 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Intratumoral microbiota has become research hotspots, and emerges as a non-negligent new component of tumor microenvironments (TME), due to its powerful influence on tumor initiation, metastasis, immunosurveillance and prognosis despite in low-biomass. The accumulations of microbes, and their related components and metabolites within tumor tissues, endow TME with additional pluralistic features which are distinct from the conventional one. Therefore, it's definitely necessary to comprehensively delineate the sophisticated landscapes of tumor microbe microenvironment, as well as their functions and related underlying mechanisms. Herein, in this review, we focused on the fields of tumor microbe microenvironment, including the heterogeneity of intratumor microbiota in different types of tumors, the controversial roles of intratumoral microbiota, the basic features of tumor microbe microenvironment (i.e., pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), typical microbial metabolites, autophagy, inflammation, multi-faceted immunomodulation and chemoresistance), as well as the multidisciplinary approach-based intervention of tumor microbiome for cancer therapy by applying wild-type or engineered live microbes, microbiota metabolites, antibiotics, synthetic biology and rationally designed biomaterials. We hope our work will provide valuable insight to deeply understand the interplay of cancer-immune-microbial, and facilitate the development of microbes-based tumor-specific treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fu
- Medical Research Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Urology, Urologic Surgery Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Wenyun Cai
- Medical Research Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yulan Huang
- Medical Research Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xinlong Liu
- Medical Research Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhongyi Ma
- Medical Research Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhongjie Tang
- Medical Research Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xufei Bian
- Medical Research Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ji Zheng
- Department of Urology, Urologic Surgery Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Jiayun Jiang
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Chong Li
- Medical Research Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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7
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Kong Y, Liu S, Wang X, Qie R. Associations between gut microbiota and gynecological cancers: A bi-directional two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37628. [PMID: 38552081 PMCID: PMC10977594 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence has suggested that gut microbiota is associated with gynecologic cancers. However, whether there is a causal relationship between these associations remains to be determined. A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) evaluation was carried out to investigate the mechanism associating gut microbiota and 3 prevalent gynecological cancers, ovarian cancer (OC), endometrial cancer, and cervical cancer as well as their subtypes in individuals of European ancestry. The Genome-wide association studies statistics, which are publically accessible, were used. Eligible instrumental single nucleotide polymorphisms that were significantly related to the gut microbiota were selected. Multiple MR analysis approaches were carried out, including inverse variance weighted, MR-Egger, Weighted Median methods, and a range of sensitivity analyses. Lastly, we undertook a reverse MR analysis to evaluate the potential of reverse causality. We sifted through 196 bacterial taxa and identified 33 suggestive causal relationships between genetic liability in the gut microbiota and gynecological cancers. We found that 11 of these genera could be pathogenic risk factors for gynecological cancers, while 19 could lessen the risk of cancer. In the other direction, gynecological cancers altered gut microbiota composition. Our MR analysis revealed that the gut microbiota was causally associated with OC, endometrial cancer, and cervical cancer. This may assist in providing new insights for further mechanistic and clinical studies of microbiota-mediated gynecological cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youqian Kong
- Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Shaoxuan Liu
- Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Rui Qie
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
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8
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Gao H, Liu Q, Wang X, Li T, Li H, Li G, Tan L, Chen Y. Deciphering the role of female reproductive tract microbiome in reproductive health: a review. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1351540. [PMID: 38562966 PMCID: PMC10982509 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1351540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Relevant studies increasingly indicate that female reproductive health is confronted with substantial challenges. Emerging research has revealed that the microbiome interacts with the anatomy, histology, and immunity of the female reproductive tract, which are the cornerstone of maintaining female reproductive health and preventing adverse pregnancy outcomes. Currently, the precise mechanisms underlying their interaction and impact on physiological functions of the reproductive tract remain elusive, constituting a prominent area of investigation within the field of female reproductive tract microecology. From this new perspective, we explore the mechanisms of interactions between the microbiome and the anatomy, histology, and immunity of the female reproductive tract, factors that affect the composition of the microbiome in the female reproductive tract, as well as personalized medicine approaches in managing female reproductive tract health based on the microbiome. This study highlights the pivotal role of the female reproductive tract microbiome in maintaining reproductive health and influencing the occurrence of reproductive tract diseases. These findings support the exploration of innovative approaches for the prevention, monitoring and treatment of female reproductive tract diseases based on the microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Gao
- Nursing Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Qiao Liu
- School of Nursing, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xiaolan Wang
- Center for a Combination of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Huanhuan Li
- Department of Gynaecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Genlin Li
- Center for a Combination of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Lingling Tan
- Nursing Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yahui Chen
- School of Nursing, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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9
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Yu B, Liu C, Proll SC, Manhardt E, Liang S, Srinivasan S, Swisher E, Fredricks DN. Identification of fallopian tube microbiota and its association with ovarian cancer. eLife 2024; 12:RP89830. [PMID: 38451065 PMCID: PMC10942644 DOI: 10.7554/elife.89830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Investigating the human fallopian tube (FT) microbiota has significant implications for understanding the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer (OC). In this large prospective study, we collected swabs intraoperatively from the FT and other surgical sites as controls to profile the microbiota in the FT and to assess its relationship with OC. Eighty-one OC and 106 non-cancer patients were enrolled and 1001 swabs were processed for 16S rRNA gene PCR and sequencing. We identified 84 bacterial species that may represent the FT microbiota and found a clear shift in the microbiota of the OC patients when compared to the non-cancer patients. Of the top 20 species that were most prevalent in the FT of OC patients, 60% were bacteria that predominantly reside in the gastrointestinal tract, while 30% normally reside in the mouth. Serous carcinoma had higher prevalence of almost all 84 FT bacterial species compared to the other OC subtypes. The clear shift in the FT microbiota in OC patients establishes the scientific foundation for future investigation into the role of these bacteria in the pathogenesis of OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyStanfordUnited States
- Stanford Maternal & Child Health Research Institute, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
| | - Congzhou Liu
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer CenterSeattleUnited States
| | - Sean C Proll
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer CenterSeattleUnited States
| | - Enna Manhardt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Shuying Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Sujatha Srinivasan
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer CenterSeattleUnited States
| | - Elizabeth Swisher
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - David N Fredricks
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer CenterSeattleUnited States
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10
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Cocomazzi G, Del Pup L, Contu V, Maggio G, Parmegiani L, Ciampaglia W, De Ruvo D, Faioli R, Maglione A, Baldini GM, Baldini D, Pazienza V. Gynecological Cancers and Microbiota Dynamics: Insights into Pathogenesis and Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2237. [PMID: 38396914 PMCID: PMC10889201 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the relationship between the microbiota and various aspects of health has become a focal point of scientific investigation. Although the most studied microbiota concern the gastrointestinal tract, recently, the interest has also been extended to other body districts. Female genital tract dysbiosis and its possible impact on pathologies such as endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), and gynecological cancers have been unveiled. The incursion of pathogenic microbes alters the ecological equilibrium of the vagina, triggering inflammation and compromising immune defense, potentially fostering an environment conducive to cancer development. The most common types of gynecological cancer include cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancer, which occur in women of any age but especially in postmenopausal women. Several studies highlighted that a low presence of lactobacilli at the vaginal level, and consequently, in related areas (such as the endometrium and ovary), correlates with a higher risk of gynecological pathology and likely contributes to increased incidence and worse prognosis of gynecological cancers. The complex interplay between microbial communities and the development, progression, and treatment of gynecologic malignancies is a burgeoning field not yet fully understood. The intricate crosstalk between the gut microbiota and systemic inflammation introduces a new dimension to our understanding of gynecologic cancers. The objective of this review is to focus attention on the association between vaginal microbiota and gynecological malignancies and provide detailed knowledge for future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Cocomazzi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Fondazione IRCCS-Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy;
| | - Lino Del Pup
- Gynecological Endocrinology and Fertility, University Sanitary Agency Friuli Central (ASUFC), Via Pozzuolo, 330, 33100 Udine, FVG, Italy;
| | - Viviana Contu
- Integrative Medicine Unit, Humanitas Gradenigo, Corso Regina Margherita 8/10, 10153 Torino, FC, Italy;
| | - Gabriele Maggio
- Pia Fondazione Cardinale Giovanni Panico, Via S. Pio X, 4, 73039 Tricase, LE, Italy;
| | - Lodovico Parmegiani
- Next Fertility GynePro, NextClinics International Via T. Cremona 8, 40137 Bologna, RE, Italy; (L.P.); (W.C.)
| | - Walter Ciampaglia
- Next Fertility GynePro, NextClinics International Via T. Cremona 8, 40137 Bologna, RE, Italy; (L.P.); (W.C.)
| | - Daniele De Ruvo
- Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine Affidea Promea, Via Menabrea 14, 10126 Torino, TO, Italy;
| | - Raffaele Faioli
- Gynecology and Obstetrics, IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy; (R.F.); (A.M.)
| | - Annamaria Maglione
- Gynecology and Obstetrics, IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy; (R.F.); (A.M.)
| | - Giorgio Maria Baldini
- IVF Center, Momò Fertilife, 76011 Bisceglie Via Cala dell’Arciprete, 76011 Bisceglie, BT, Italy; (G.M.B.); (D.B.)
| | - Domenico Baldini
- IVF Center, Momò Fertilife, 76011 Bisceglie Via Cala dell’Arciprete, 76011 Bisceglie, BT, Italy; (G.M.B.); (D.B.)
| | - Valerio Pazienza
- Division of Gastroenterology, Fondazione IRCCS-Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy;
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11
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Nag JK, Grisaru-Granovsky S, Armon S, Rudina T, Appasamy P, Bar-Shavit R. Involvement of Protease-Activated Receptor2 Pleckstrin Homology Binding Domain in Ovarian Cancer: Expression in Fallopian Tubes and Drug Design. Biomedicines 2024; 12:246. [PMID: 38275417 PMCID: PMC10813316 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Studying primordial events in cancer is pivotal for identifying predictive molecular indicators and for targeted intervention. While the involvement of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in cancer is growing, GPCR-based therapies are yet rare. Here, we demonstrate the overexpression of protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2), a GPCR member in the fallopian tubes (FTs) of high-risk BRCA carriers as compared to null in healthy tissues of FT. FTs, the origin of ovarian cancer, are known to express genes of serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STICs), a precursor lesion of high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC). PAR2 expression in FTs may serve as an early prediction sensor for ovarian cancer. We show now that knocking down Par2 inhibits ovarian cancer peritoneal dissemination in vivo, pointing to the central role of PAR2. Previously we identified pleckstrin homology (PH) binding domains within PAR1,2&4 as critical sites for cancer-growth. These motifs associate with PH-signal proteins via launching a discrete signaling network in cancer. Subsequently, we selected a compound from a library of backbone cyclic peptides generated toward the PAR PH binding motif, namely the lead compound, Pc(4-4). Pc(4-4) binds to the PAR PH binding domain and blocks the association of PH-signal proteins, such as Akt or Etk/Bmx with PAR2. It attenuates PAR2 oncogenic activity. The potent inhibitory function of Pc(4-4) is demonstrated via inhibition of ovarian cancer peritoneal spread in mice. While the detection of PAR2 may serve as a predictor for ovarian cancer, the novel Pc(4-4) compound may serve as a powerful medicament in STICs and ovarian cancer. This is the first demonstration of the involvement of PAR PH binding motif signaling in ovarian cancer and Pc(4-4) as a potential therapy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeetendra Kumar Nag
- Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (J.K.N.); (T.R.); (P.A.)
| | - Sorina Grisaru-Granovsky
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shaare-Zedek Medical Center (SZMC), Hebrew-University, Jerusalem 9103102, Israel; (S.G.-G.); (S.A.)
| | - Shunit Armon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shaare-Zedek Medical Center (SZMC), Hebrew-University, Jerusalem 9103102, Israel; (S.G.-G.); (S.A.)
| | - Tatyana Rudina
- Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (J.K.N.); (T.R.); (P.A.)
| | - Priyanga Appasamy
- Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (J.K.N.); (T.R.); (P.A.)
| | - Rachel Bar-Shavit
- Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (J.K.N.); (T.R.); (P.A.)
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12
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Wilczyński J, Paradowska E, Wilczyński M. High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer-A Risk Factor Puzzle and Screening Fugitive. Biomedicines 2024; 12:229. [PMID: 38275400 PMCID: PMC10813374 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the most lethal tumor of the female genital tract. Despite extensive studies and the identification of some precursor lesions like serous tubal intraepithelial cancer (STIC) or the deviated mutational status of the patients (BRCA germinal mutation), the pathophysiology of HGSOC and the existence of particular risk factors is still a puzzle. Moreover, a lack of screening programs results in delayed diagnosis, which is accompanied by a secondary chemo-resistance of the tumor and usually results in a high recurrence rate after the primary therapy. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify the substantial risk factors for both predisposed and low-risk populations of women, as well as to create an economically and clinically justified screening program. This paper reviews the classic and novel risk factors for HGSOC and methods of diagnosis and prediction, including serum biomarkers, the liquid biopsy of circulating tumor cells or circulating tumor DNA, epigenetic markers, exosomes, and genomic and proteomic biomarkers. The novel future complex approach to ovarian cancer diagnosis should be devised based on these findings, and the general outcome of such an approach is proposed and discussed in the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Wilczyński
- Department of Gynecological Surgery and Gynecological Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, 4 Kosciuszki Str., 90-419 Lodz, Poland
| | - Edyta Paradowska
- Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 106 Lodowa Str., 93-232 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Miłosz Wilczyński
- Department of Surgical, Endoscopic and Gynecological Oncology, Polish Mother’s Health Center—Research Institute, 281/289 Rzgowska Str., 93-338 Lodz, Poland;
- Department of Surgical and Endoscopic Gynecology, Medical University of Lodz, 4 Kosciuszki Str., 90-419 Lodz, Poland
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13
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Cao Y, Xia H, Tan X, Shi C, Ma Y, Meng D, Zhou M, Lv Z, Wang S, Jin Y. Intratumoural microbiota: a new frontier in cancer development and therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:15. [PMID: 38195689 PMCID: PMC10776793 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01693-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Human microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses, play key roles in several physiological and pathological processes. Some studies discovered that tumour tissues once considered sterile actually host a variety of microorganisms, which have been confirmed to be closely related to oncogenesis. The concept of intratumoural microbiota was subsequently proposed. Microbiota could colonise tumour tissues through mucosal destruction, adjacent tissue migration, and hematogenic invasion and affect the biological behaviour of tumours as an important part of the tumour microenvironment. Mechanistic studies have demonstrated that intratumoural microbiota potentially promote the initiation and progression of tumours by inducing genomic instability and mutations, affecting epigenetic modifications, promoting inflammation response, avoiding immune destruction, regulating metabolism, and activating invasion and metastasis. Since more comprehensive and profound insights about intratumoral microbiota are continuously emerging, new methods for the early diagnosis and prognostic assessment of cancer patients have been under examination. In addition, interventions based on intratumoural microbiota show great potential to open a new chapter in antitumour therapy, especially immunotherapy, although there are some inevitable challenges. Here, we aim to provide an extensive review of the concept, development history, potential sources, heterogeneity, and carcinogenic mechanisms of intratumoural microorganisms, explore the potential role of microorganisms in tumour prognosis, and discuss current antitumour treatment regimens that target intratumoural microorganisms and the research prospects and limitations in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Cao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Tumour-Targeted Biochemotherapy, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Hui Xia
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Tumour-Targeted Biochemotherapy, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Xueyun Tan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Tumour-Targeted Biochemotherapy, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Chunwei Shi
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Yanling Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Daquan Meng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Zhilei Lv
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Sufei Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China.
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Tumour-Targeted Biochemotherapy, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China.
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China.
| | - Yang Jin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China.
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Tumour-Targeted Biochemotherapy, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China.
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China.
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14
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Zhou Q, Meng Q. Insights into the Microbial Composition of Intratumoral, Reproductive Tract, and Gut Microbiota in Ovarian Cancer Patients. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1452:107-118. [PMID: 38805127 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-58311-7_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
According to the latest global cancer data, ovarian cancer is the deadliest among all gynecological malignant tumors and ranks fifth in terms of mortality. Its etiology and pathogenesis are unknown, and the 5-year survival rate of patients with advanced ovarian cancer is only 40% (Sung et al. CA Cancer J Clin 71:209-49, 2021). Recent research has shown that the human microbiota plays a crucial role in the development and progression of tumors, including ovarian cancer. Numerous studies have highlighted the complex connections between the reproductive tract microbiota, intestinal microbiota, and ovarian cancer (Jacobson et al. PeerJ 9:e11574, 2021). Therefore, this chapter will delve into composition, function, and the correlation between microbiota and immunity in the field of ovarian cancer microbiota, as well as the potential of bacteria in therapeutics and diagnostics of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhou
- International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Qingren Meng
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
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15
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Mahoney D. The Role of the Human Microbiome in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1452:97-105. [PMID: 38805126 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-58311-7_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the fifth-leading cause of cancer deaths among women due to the absence of available screening methods to identify early disease. Thus, prevention and early disease detection investigations are of high priority, surrounding a critical window of opportunity to better understand important pathogenic mechanisms of disease progression. Microorganisms modulate molecular interactions in humans that can influence states of health and disease, including ovarian cancer. While the mechanisms of infectious microbial invasion that trigger the immune-inflammatory axis are well studied in cancer research, the complex interactions that promote the transition of noninfectious healthy microbes to pathobiont expansion are less understood. As traditional research has focused on the influences of infectious pathogens on ovarian cancer development and progression, the impact of noninfectious microbes has gained scientific attention. The objective of this chapter is to summarize current evidence on the role of microbiota in epithelial ovarian cancer throughout disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane Mahoney
- Franklin D. Gaines & Beverly J. Gaines Tipton Endowed Professor of Oncology Nursing, University of Kansas School of Nursing, Kansas City, KS, USA.
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16
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Roy S, Ray D, Laha I, Choudhury L. Human Mycobiota and Its Role in Cancer Progression, Diagnostics and Therapeutics: A Link Lesser-Known. Cancer Invest 2024; 42:44-62. [PMID: 38186047 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2024.2301733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Although not as well studied as the bacterial component of the human microbiota, the commensal fungi or mycobiota play important roles in maintaining our health by augmenting our immune system. This mycobiota is also associated with various fatal diseases like opportunistic mycoses, and even cancer, with different cancers having respective type-specific mycobiota. The different fungal species which comprise these different intratumoral mycobiota play important roles in cancer progression. The aim of this review paper is to decipher the association between mycobiota and cancer, and shed light on new avenues in cancer diagnosis, and the development of new anti-cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souvik Roy
- Post-Graduate & Research Department of Biotechnology, St. Xavier's College (Autonomous), Kolkata, India
| | - Dhrisaj Ray
- 5th Year Integrated M. Sc. (5 year integrated) students, Post-Graduate & Research Department of Biotechnology, St. Xavier's College (Autonomous), Kolkata, India
| | - Ishani Laha
- 5th Year Integrated M. Sc. (5 year integrated) students, Post-Graduate & Research Department of Biotechnology, St. Xavier's College (Autonomous), Kolkata, India
| | - Lopamudra Choudhury
- State-Aided College Teacher, Department of Microbiology, Sarsuna College (Affiliated to Calcutta University), Kolkata, India
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17
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Kandalai S, Li H, Zhang N, Peng H, Zheng Q. The human microbiome and cancer: a diagnostic and therapeutic perspective. Cancer Biol Ther 2023; 24:2240084. [PMID: 37498047 PMCID: PMC10376920 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2023.2240084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence has shown that the human microbiome is associated with various diseases, including cancer. The salivary microbiome, fecal microbiome, and circulating microbial DNA in blood plasma have all been used experimentally as diagnostic biomarkers for many types of cancer. The microbiomes present within local tissue, other regions, and tumors themselves have been shown to promote and restrict the development and progression of cancer, most often by affecting cancer cells or the host immune system. These microbes have also been shown to impact the efficacy of various cancer therapies, including radiation, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. Here, we review the research advances focused on how microbes impact these different facets and why they are important to the clinical care of cancer. It is only by better understanding the roles these microbes play in the diagnosis, development, progression, and treatment of cancer, that we will be able to catch and treat cancer early.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruthi Kandalai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Center for Cancer Metabolism, James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Huapeng Li
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Center for Cancer Metabolism, James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Haidong Peng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Center for Cancer Metabolism, James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Qingfei Zheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Center for Cancer Metabolism, James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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18
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Yu B, Liu C, Proll S, Mannhardt E, Liang S, Srinivasan S, Swisher E, Fredricks DN. Identification of fallopian tube microbiota and its association with ovarian cancer: a prospective study of intraoperative swab collections from 187 patients. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.06.28.23291999. [PMID: 37425928 PMCID: PMC10327289 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.28.23291999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Investigating the human fallopian tube (FT) microbiota has significant implications for understanding the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer (OC). In this large prospective study, we collected swabs intraoperatively from the FT and other surgical sites as controls to profile the microbiota in the FT and to assess its relationship with OC. 81 OC and 106 non-cancer patients were enrolled and 1001 swabs were processed for 16S rRNA gene PCR and sequencing. We identified 84 bacterial species that may represent the FT microbiota and found a clear shift in the microbiota of the OC patients when compared to the non-cancer patients. Of the top 20 species that were most prevalent in the FT of OC patients, 60% were bacteria that predominantly reside in the gastrointestinal tract, while 30% normally reside in the mouth. Serous carcinoma had higher prevalence of almost all 84 FT bacterial species compared to the other OC subtypes. The clear shift in the FT microbiota in OC patients establishes the scientific foundation for future investigation into the role of these bacteria in the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer. .
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Lingasamy P, Modhukur V, Mändar R, Salumets A. Exploring Immunome and Microbiome Interplay in Reproductive Health: Current Knowledge, Challenges, and Novel Diagnostic Tools. Semin Reprod Med 2023; 41:172-189. [PMID: 38262441 PMCID: PMC10846929 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1778017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
The dynamic interplay between the immunome and microbiome in reproductive health is a complex and rapidly advancing research field, holding tremendously vast possibilities for the development of reproductive medicine. This immunome-microbiome relationship influences the innate and adaptive immune responses, thereby affecting the onset and progression of reproductive disorders. However, the mechanisms governing these interactions remain elusive and require innovative approaches to gather more understanding. This comprehensive review examines the current knowledge on reproductive microbiomes across various parts of female reproductive tract, with special consideration of bidirectional interactions between microbiomes and the immune system. Additionally, it explores innate and adaptive immunity, focusing on immunoglobulin (Ig) A and IgM antibodies, their regulation, self-antigen tolerance mechanisms, and their roles in immune homeostasis. This review also highlights ongoing technological innovations in microbiota research, emphasizing the need for standardized detection and analysis methods. For instance, we evaluate the clinical utility of innovative technologies such as Phage ImmunoPrecipitation Sequencing (PhIP-Seq) and Microbial Flow Cytometry coupled to Next-Generation Sequencing (mFLOW-Seq). Despite ongoing advancements, we emphasize the need for further exploration in this field, as a deeper understanding of immunome-microbiome interactions holds promise for innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for reproductive health, like infertility treatment and management of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vijayachitra Modhukur
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Reet Mändar
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Andres Salumets
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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20
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Wang X, Zheng Y, Chen X, Peng C, Zhou S, Shen S, Zhao S, Wang T. 2bRAD-M reveals the difference in microbial distribution between cancerous and benign ovarian tissues. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1231354. [PMID: 37692387 PMCID: PMC10484612 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1231354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of ovarian cancer is closely related to various factors, such as environmental, genetic and microbiological factors. In previous research, bacteria were identified in human tumors by 16S rRNA sequencing. However, the microbial biomass in tumor tissue is too low and cannot be accurately identified by 16S rRNA sequencing. In our study, we employ 2bRAD sequencing for Microbiome (2bRAD-M), a new sequencing technology capable of accurately characterizing the low biomass microbiome (bacteria, fungi and archaea) at species resolution. Here we surveyed 20 ovarian samples, including 10 ovarian cancer samples and 10 benign ovarian samples. The sequencing results showed that a total of 373 microbial species were identified in both two groups, of which 90 species shared in the two groups. The Meta statistic indicated that Chlamydophila_abortus and CAG-873_sp900550395 were increased in the ovarian cancer tissues, while Lawsonella_clevelandensis_A, Ralstonia_sp001078575, Brevundimonas_aurantiaca, Ralstonia_sp900115545, Ralstonia_pickettii, Corynebacterium_kefirresidentii, Corynebacterium_sp000478175, Brevibacillus_D_fluminis, Ralstonia_sp000620465, and Ralstonia_mannitolilytica were more abundant in the benign ovarian tissues. This is the first use of 2bRAD-M technique to provide an important hint for better understanding of the ovarian cancer microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaogang Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yaojun Zheng
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Peng
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shizhen Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sunan Shen
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuli Zhao
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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21
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Behnamfar F, Zafarbakhsh A, Ahmadian N. Are ROMA and HE4 More Accurate than CA-125, in Predicting of Ovarian Epithelial Carcinoma? Adv Biomed Res 2023; 12:156. [PMID: 37564454 PMCID: PMC10410412 DOI: 10.4103/abr.abr_264_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Evaluation of ovarian tumors based on tumor markers could have high clinical importance. In this study, we aimed to assess the predictive value of HE4 and Risk of Ovarian Malignancy Algorithm (ROMA) compared to CA-125 in the Malignancy of ovarian epithelial masses. Materials and Methods This cross-sectional study was performed in 2020-2021 including 203 patients. Serum HE4 and CA-125 levels were checked before surgery. According to the pathology report (benign, borderline, or malignant epithelial mass), the predictive values of the three markers were evaluated. Results About 146 cases were benign; 14 cases were borderline and 43 cases were malignant. Most patients (69.8%) in the malignant group were in stage 3. Significantly higher levels of all three markers (CA-125, HE4, and ROMA) were found in patients with malignant tumors compared to benign or borderline tumors (P < 0.001 for all). The sensitivity of CA-125 was the highest (90.7%) in pre- and post-menopausal patients but the specificity of HE4 and ROMA were higher than CA-125 (98.1% and 97.5%, respectively, versus 86.9% for CA-125). In post-menopausal patients, both sensitivities of HE4 and ROMA were 90.5% and the specificity and sensitivity of CA-125 were the highest (95.2% and 100%). In premenopausal patients, the sensitivity of ROMA (90.9%) and the specificity of HE4 (100%) were the highest. Conclusions HE4 and ROMA are not necessary for postmenopausal patients in low-resource areas and a check of serum CA-125 will be enough. The higher-cost, ROMA, and HE4 checks are recommended in premenopausal people because they are more sensitive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Behnamfar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Aazam Zafarbakhsh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Narges Ahmadian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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22
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Wilczyński JR, Wilczyński M, Paradowska E. "DEPHENCE" system-a novel regimen of therapy that is urgently needed in the high-grade serous ovarian cancer-a focus on anti-cancer stem cell and anti-tumor microenvironment targeted therapies. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1201497. [PMID: 37448521 PMCID: PMC10338102 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1201497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer, especially high-grade serous type, is the most lethal gynecological malignancy. The lack of screening programs and the scarcity of symptomatology result in the late diagnosis in about 75% of affected women. Despite very demanding and aggressive surgical treatment, multiple-line chemotherapy regimens and both approved and clinically tested targeted therapies, the overall survival of patients is still unsatisfactory and disappointing. Research studies have recently brought some more understanding of the molecular diversity of the ovarian cancer, its unique intraperitoneal biology, the role of cancer stem cells, and the complexity of tumor microenvironment. There is a growing body of evidence that individualization of the treatment adjusted to the molecular and biochemical signature of the tumor as well as to the medical status of the patient should replace or supplement the foregoing therapy. In this review, we have proposed the principles of the novel regimen of the therapy that we called the "DEPHENCE" system, and we have extensively discussed the results of the studies focused on the ovarian cancer stem cells, other components of cancer metastatic niche, and, finally, clinical trials targeting these two environments. Through this, we have tried to present the evolving landscape of treatment options and put flesh on the experimental approach to attack the high-grade serous ovarian cancer multidirectionally, corresponding to the "DEPHENCE" system postulates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek R Wilczyński
- Department of Gynecological Surgery and Gynecological Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Miłosz Wilczyński
- Department of Gynecological, Endoscopic and Oncological Surgery, Polish Mother's Health Center-Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
- Department of Surgical and Endoscopic Gynecology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Edyta Paradowska
- Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodz, Poland
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23
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Delaye M, Rousseau A, Mailly-Giacchetti L, Assoun S, Sokol H, Neuzillet C. Obesity, cancer, and response to immune checkpoint inhibitors: Could the gut microbiota be the mechanistic link? Pharmacol Ther 2023:108442. [PMID: 37210004 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have deeply changed the therapeutic management of a broad spectrum of solid tumors. Recent observations showed that obese patients receiving ICIs might have better outcomes than those with normal weight, while obesity was historically associated with a worse prognosis in cancer patients. Of note, obesity is associated with alterations in the gut microbiome profile, which interacts with immune and inflammatory pathways, both at the systemic and intratumoral levels. As the influence of the gut microbiota on the response to ICI has been repeatedly reported, a specific gut microbiome profile in obese cancer patients may be involved in their better response to ICI. This review summarizes recent data on the interactions between obesity, gut microbiota, and ICIs. In addition, we highlight possible pathophysiological mechanisms supporting the hypothesis that gut microbiota could be one of the links between obesity and poor response to ICIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Delaye
- Curie Institute, Department of medical oncology, Versailles Saint-Quentin University, Saint-Cloud, France; GERCOR, 75011 Paris, France
| | - Adrien Rousseau
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Léah Mailly-Giacchetti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Saint-Louis Hospital, AP-HP.Nord - Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Sandra Assoun
- Department of Thoracic Oncology & CIC 1425/CLIP2 Paris-Nord, Bichat-Claude Bernard Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Harry Sokol
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS-938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, AP-HP, Paris, France; INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institut, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Cindy Neuzillet
- Curie Institute, Department of medical oncology, Versailles Saint-Quentin University, Saint-Cloud, France; GERCOR, 75011 Paris, France.
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24
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Grover S, Seckar T, Gao L, Bhatia R, Lin X, Zetola N, Ramogola-Masire D, Robertson E. Characterization of HPV subtypes in invasive cervical cancer in Botswana patients using a pan-pathogen microarray technology. Tumour Virus Res 2023; 15:200262. [PMID: 37209888 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvr.2023.200262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) plays a significant role in the development of cervical cancers in the setting of co-infection with HIV. Botswana has a high prevalence of HIV and cervical cancer. In this study, we investigated the distribution of HPV subtypes in cervical cancer biopsy samples from patients in Botswana using a highly sensitive pan-pathogen microarray technology, PathoChip, to detect both high- (HR-HPV) and low-risk HPV (LR-HPV) subtypes in women living with HIV (WLWH) and women living without HIV. We analyzed samples from 168 patients, of which 73% (n = 123) were WLWH with a median CD4 count of 479.5 cells/μL. Five HR-HPV subtypes were detected in the cohort: HPV 16, 18, 26, 34, and 53. The most prevalent subtypes were HPV 26 (96%) and HPV 34 (92%); 86% of WLWH (n = 106) had co-infection with four or more HR-HPV subtypes compared to 67% (n = 30) of women without HIV (p < 0.01). We detected 66 LR-HPV subtypes among all cervical cancer patients, with HPV 6b and 48 being most prevalent. Notably, signatures for LR-HPV subtypes 10, 41, 90, and 129 were only detected in WLWH. Signal intensity for HPV 18 was significantly weaker in WLWH with CD4 levels ≤200 cells/μL as compared to patients with >200 cells/μL and HIV-negative patients. Although the majority of cervical cancer specimens in this cohort were determined to have multiple HPV infections, the most prevalent HR-HPV subtypes (HPV 26 and HPV34) found in these cervical cancer samples are not covered in the current HPV vaccines. Though no conclusions can be made on the direct carcinogenicity of these subtypes the results do underlie the need for continued screening for prevention of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surbhi Grover
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, USA.
| | - Tyler Seckar
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, USA
| | - Le Gao
- Department of Computer Sciences, New Jersey Institute of Technology, USA
| | - Rohini Bhatia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, USA
| | - Xiang Lin
- Department of Computer Sciences, New Jersey Institute of Technology, USA
| | - Nicola Zetola
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, USA
| | - Doreen Ramogola-Masire
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Botswana Medical School, South Africa
| | - Erle Robertson
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, USA
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25
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Abstract
The microbiome may impact cancer development, progression and treatment responsiveness, but its fungal components remain insufficiently studied in this context. In this review, we highlight accumulating evidence suggesting a possible involvement of commensal and pathogenic fungi in modulation of cancer-related processes. We discuss the mechanisms by which fungi can influence tumour biology, locally by activity exerted within the tumour microenvironment, or remotely through secretion of bioactive metabolites, modulation of host immunity and communications with neighbouring bacterial commensals. We examine prospects of utilising fungi-related molecular signatures in cancer diagnosis, patient stratification and assessment of treatment responsiveness, while highlighting challenges and limitations faced in performing such research. In all, we demonstrate that fungi likely constitute important members of mucosal and tumour-residing microbiomes. Exploration of fungal inter-kingdom interactions with the bacterial microbiome and the host and decoding of their causal impacts on tumour biology may enable their harnessing into cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurelia Saftien
- Microbiome and Cancer Division, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jens Puschhof
- Microbiome and Cancer Division, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Eran Elinav
- Microbiome and Cancer Division, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Systems Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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26
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Ye L, Wu BS, Xu ZA, Ji XF, Guan L, Li PP, Li Y, Cheng HW, Xiao J. Evidence for an intra-tumoral microbiome in pituitary neuroendocrine tumors with different clinical phenotypes. J Neurooncol 2023; 163:133-142. [PMID: 37140882 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-023-04318-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Bacteria have been observed in the tumor environment for decades and have been demonstrated to play important roles in the pathogenesis and development of several different tumors. So far there is a clear lack of specific studies relating to the presence of bacteria in pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs). METHODS In this study, we performed five region-based amplification and bacterial 16 S rRNA sequencing to identify the microbiome of PitNET tissues across four clinical phenotypes. Multiple filter procedures were performed to inhibit the risk of contamination with bacteria and bacterial DNA. Histological analysis was also conducted to validate the localization of bacteria in the intra-tumoral region. RESULTS We identified common and diverse bacterial types across the four clinical phenotypes of PitNET. We also predicted the potential functions of these bacteria in tumor phenotypes and found that these functions were reported in certain previous mechanistic studies. Our data indicate that the pathogenesis and development of tumors may correlate with the behavior of intra-tumoral bacteria. Histological results, including lipopolysaccharide (LPS) staining and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for bacterial 16 S rRNA clearly demonstrated the localization of bacteria in the intra-tumoral region. Staining for Iba-1 suggested that the proportion of microglia was more abundant in FISH-positive regions than in FISH-negative regions. Furthermore, in FISH-positive regions, the microglia exhibited a longitudinally branched morphology that was different to the compact morphology observed in FISH-negative regions. CONCLUSION In summary, we provide an evidence for the existence of intra-tumoral bacteria in PitNET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, 230022, P.R. China
| | - Bing-Shan Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, 230022, P.R. China
| | - Zi-Ao Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, 230022, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Fei Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, 230022, P.R. China
| | - Liao Guan
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, 230022, P.R. China
| | - Ping-Ping Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, 230022, P.R. China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, 230022, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Wei Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, 230022, P.R. China.
| | - Jin Xiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, 230022, P.R. China.
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27
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Dytrych P, Kejík Z, Hajduch J, Kaplánek R, Veselá K, Kučnirová K, Skaličková M, Venhauerová A, Hoskovec D, Martásek P, Jakubek M. Therapeutic potential and limitations of curcumin as antimetastatic agent. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114758. [PMID: 37141738 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment of metastatic cancer is one of the biggest challenges in anticancer therapy. Curcumin is interesting nature polyphenolic compound with unique biological and medicinal effects, including repression of metastases. High impact studies imply that curcumin can modulate the immune system, independently target various metastatic signalling pathways, and repress migration and invasiveness of cancer cells. This review discusses the potential of curcumin as an antimetastatic agent and describes potential mechanisms of its antimetastatic activity. In addition, possible strategies (curcumin formulation, optimization of the method of administration and modification of its structure motif) to overcome its limitation such as low solubility and bioactivity are also presented. These strategies are discussed in the context of clinical trials and relevant biological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Dytrych
- 1st Department of Surgery-Department of Abdominal, Thoracic Surgery and Traumatology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, U Nemocnice 2, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Kejík
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Průmyslová 595, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic; Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 455/2, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Hajduch
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Průmyslová 595, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Robert Kaplánek
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Průmyslová 595, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Veselá
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Průmyslová 595, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic; Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 455/2, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Kučnirová
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Průmyslová 595, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic; Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 455/2, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Markéta Skaličková
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Průmyslová 595, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic; Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 455/2, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Venhauerová
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Průmyslová 595, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic; Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 455/2, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - David Hoskovec
- 1st Department of Surgery-Department of Abdominal, Thoracic Surgery and Traumatology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, U Nemocnice 2, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Martásek
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 455/2, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Milan Jakubek
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Průmyslová 595, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic; Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 455/2, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic.
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28
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Silva-Pilipich N, Covo-Vergara Á, Smerdou C. Local Delivery of Immunomodulatory Antibodies for Gastrointestinal Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15082352. [PMID: 37190279 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15082352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer therapy has experienced a breakthrough with the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) based on monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), which are able to unleash immune responses against tumors refractory to other therapies. Despite the great advancement that ICIs represent, most patients with gastrointestinal tumors have not benefited from this therapy. In addition, ICIs often induce adverse effects that are related to their systemic use. Local administration of ICIs in tumors could concentrate their effect in the malignant tissue and provide a higher safety profile. A new and attractive approach for local delivery of ICIs is the use of gene therapy vectors to express these blocking antibodies in tumor cells. Several vectors have been evaluated in preclinical models of gastrointestinal tumors to express ICIs against PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4, among other immune checkpoints, with promising results. Vectors used in these settings include oncolytic viruses, self-replicating RNA vectors, and non-replicative viral and non-viral vectors. The use of viral vectors, especially when they have replication capacity, provides an additional adjuvant effect that has been shown to enhance antitumor responses. This review covers the most recent studies involving the use of gene therapy vectors to deliver ICIs to gastrointestinal tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Silva-Pilipich
- Division of Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression, Cima Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdISNA), Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra (CCUN), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ángela Covo-Vergara
- Division of Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression, Cima Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdISNA), Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra (CCUN), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Cristian Smerdou
- Division of Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression, Cima Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdISNA), Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra (CCUN), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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29
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Godley FA, Shogan BD, Hyman NH. Role of the Microbiome in Malignancy. Surg Infect (Larchmt) 2023; 24:271-275. [PMID: 37010971 PMCID: PMC10771884 DOI: 10.1089/sur.2023.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The conceptual underpinning of carcinogenesis has been strongly influenced by an expanded understanding of the human microbiome. Malignancy risks in diverse organs have been uniquely tied to aspects of the resident microbiota in different organs and systems including the colon, lungs, pancreas, ovaries, uterine cervix, and stomach; other organs are increasingly linked to maladaptive aspects of the microbiome as well. In this way, the maladaptive microbiome may be termed an oncobiome. Microbe-driven inflammation, anti-inflammation, and mucosal protection failure, as well as diet-induced microbiome derangement are all mechanisms that influence malignancy risk. Therefore, they also offer potential avenues of diagnostic and therapeutic intervention to modify malignancy risk, and to perhaps interrupt progression toward cancer in different sites. Each of these mechanisms will be explored using colorectal malignancy as a prototype condition to demonstrate the microbiome's role in carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick A. Godley
- Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Benjamin D. Shogan
- Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Neil H. Hyman
- Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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30
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Han M, Wang N, Han W, Ban M, Sun T, Xu J. Vaginal and tumor microbiomes in gynecological cancer (Review). Oncol Lett 2023; 25:153. [PMID: 36936020 PMCID: PMC10018329 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical, ovarian and endometrial cancer are the three most common types of gynecologic cancer. As a hub, the vagina connects the site of gynecological cancer with the external environment. Lactobacilli participate in the formation of a healthy vaginal microenvironment as the first line of defense against pathogen invasion; a dysbiotic vaginal microenvironment loses its original protective function and is associated with the onset, metastasis, poor efficacy and poor prognosis of gynecological cancer. The early diagnosis of cancer is the key to improve the survival time of patients with cancer. The screening of Porphyromonas, Sneathia and Atopobium vaginae, and other microbial markers, can assist the diagnosis of gynecological cancer, and screen out the high-risk population as early as possible. With the in-depth study of the microbes in tumor tissues, reasearchers have analyzed the immunological associations of microorganisms in tumor tissues. Due to the structural-functional interconnection between the organ of gynecological tumorigenesis and the vagina, the present study aims to review the relationship between vaginal and tumor microorganisms and gynecological cancer in terms of occurrence, screening, treatment and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengzhen Han
- Department of Breast Medicine, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, P.R. China
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Breast Medicine, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, P.R. China
| | - Wenjie Han
- Department of Breast Medicine, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, P.R. China
| | - Meng Ban
- Liaoning Microhealth Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, P.R. China
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Breast Medicine, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, P.R. China
| | - Junnan Xu
- Department of Breast Medicine, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, P.R. China
- Correspondence to: Professor Junnan Xu, Department of Breast Medicine, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital, 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, P.R. China, E-mail:
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31
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Nori W, H-Hameed B. Vaginal microbes confounders and implications on women's health. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:2119-2122. [PMID: 36998952 PMCID: PMC10044948 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i9.2119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The vagina has diverse vaginal microbes (Vm). A disturbance in the delicate balance maintained in Vm is linked to women's obstetrical and reproductive tract problems. Vaginal microbes play an essential role in protecting the health of the female reproductive tract by alleviating gynecological infection. However, Vm profiling has many confounders that need to be addressed during sampling, including age, race, pregnancy, medical illness, and smoking. Vm profiling improves reproduction odds, may serve as a marker for genital malignancies and have a therapeutic application in menopausal women and women with cervical cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wassan Nori
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad 10052, Al Saydyah, Iraq
| | - Ban H-Hameed
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad 10052, Al Saydyah, Iraq
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32
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Zhao X, Liu Z, Chen T. Potential Role of Vaginal Microbiota in Ovarian Cancer Carcinogenesis, Progression and Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030948. [PMID: 36986809 PMCID: PMC10056320 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer represents one of the most challenging gynecologic cancers which still has numerous unknowns on the underlying pathogenesis. In addition to the verified contributors such as genomic predisposition and medical history in the carcinogenesis, emerging evidence points out the potential role of vaginal microbiota in ovarian cancer. Recent studies have underlined the presence of vaginal microbial dysbiosis in cancer cases. Increasing research also indicates the potential correlations between vaginal microbes and cancer carcinogenesis, progression and treatment. Currently, compared with other gynecologic cancers, reports on the roles of vaginal microbiota in ovarian cancer remain scarce and fragmentary. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the roles of vaginal microbiota in various gynecologic diseases, particularly focusing on the potential mechanisms and possible applications of vaginal microbiota in ovarian cancer, giving insight into the involvement of vaginal microbiota in gynecologic cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumiao Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Zhaoxia Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- Correspondence: (Z.L.); (T.C.)
| | - Tingtao Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
- Correspondence: (Z.L.); (T.C.)
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33
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Di Tucci C, De Vito I, Muzii L. Immune-Onco-Microbiome: A New Revolution for Gynecological Cancers. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030782. [PMID: 36979761 PMCID: PMC10045465 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite significant advances in understanding the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying gynaecological cancers, these cancers still remain widespread. Recent research points to a possible link between microbiota and cancer, and the most recent attention is focusing on the relationship between the microbiome, the immune system, and cancer. The microbiome diversity can affect carcinogenesis and the patient’s immune response, modulating the inflammatory cascade and the severity of adverse events. In this review, we presented the recent evidence regarding microbiome alterations in patients with gynaecological tumours to understand if the link that exists between microbiome, immunity, and cancer can guide the prophylactic, diagnostic, and therapeutic management of gynaecological cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Di Tucci
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Ludovico Muzii
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University, 00161 Rome, Italy
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The Female Reproductive Tract Microbiome and Cancerogenesis: A Review Story of Bacteria, Hormones, and Disease. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13050877. [PMID: 36900020 PMCID: PMC10000484 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13050877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The microbiota is the complex community of microorganisms that populate a particular environment in the human body, whereas the microbiome is defined by the entire habitat-microorganisms and their environment. The most abundant and, therefore, the most studied microbiome is that of the gastrointestinal tract. However, the microbiome of the female reproductive tract is an interesting research avenue, and this article explores its role in disease development. The vagina is the reproductive organ that hosts the largest number of bacteria, with a healthy profile represented mainly by Lactobacillus spp. On the other hand, the female upper reproductive tract (uterus, Fallopian tubes, ovaries) contains only a very small number of bacteria. Previously considered sterile, recent studies have shown the presence of a small microbiota here, but there are still debates on whether this is a physiologic or pathologic occurrence. Of particular note is that estrogen levels significantly influence the composition of the microbiota of the female reproductive tract. More and more studies show a link between the microbiome of the female reproductive tract and the development of gynecological cancers. This article reviews some of these findings.
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35
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Elbasir A, Ye Y, Schäffer DE, Hao X, Wickramasinghe J, Tsingas K, Lieberman PM, Long Q, Morris Q, Zhang R, Schäffer AA, Auslander N. A deep learning approach reveals unexplored landscape of viral expression in cancer. Nat Commun 2023; 14:785. [PMID: 36774364 PMCID: PMC9922274 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36336-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
About 15% of human cancer cases are attributed to viral infections. To date, virus expression in tumor tissues has been mostly studied by aligning tumor RNA sequencing reads to databases of known viruses. To allow identification of divergent viruses and rapid characterization of the tumor virome, we develop viRNAtrap, an alignment-free pipeline to identify viral reads and assemble viral contigs. We utilize viRNAtrap, which is based on a deep learning model trained to discriminate viral RNAseq reads, to explore viral expression in cancers and apply it to 14 cancer types from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Using viRNAtrap, we uncover expression of unexpected and divergent viruses that have not previously been implicated in cancer and disclose human endogenous viruses whose expression is associated with poor overall survival. The viRNAtrap pipeline provides a way forward to study viral infections associated with different clinical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ying Ye
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Daniel E Schäffer
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Computational Biology Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Xue Hao
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | | | - Konstantinos Tsingas
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Qi Long
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Quaid Morris
- Computational and Systems Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York City, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Rugang Zhang
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Alejandro A Schäffer
- Cancer Data Science Laboratory (CDSL), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
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36
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Intratumoral microbiota: roles in cancer initiation, development and therapeutic efficacy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:35. [PMID: 36646684 PMCID: PMC9842669 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01304-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other eukaryotes, play critical roles in human health. An altered microbiome can be associated with complex diseases. Intratumoral microbial components are found in multiple tumor tissues and are closely correlated with cancer initiation and development and therapy efficacy. The intratumoral microbiota may contribute to promotion of the initiation and progression of cancers by DNA mutations, activating carcinogenic pathways, promoting chronic inflammation, complement system, and initiating metastasis. Moreover, the intratumoral microbiota may not only enhance antitumor immunity via mechanisms including STING signaling activation, T and NK cell activation, TLS production, and intratumoral microbiota-derived antigen presenting, but also decrease antitumor immune responses and promote cancer progression through pathways including upregulation of ROS, promoting an anti-inflammatory environment, T cell inactivation, and immunosuppression. The effect of intratumoral microbiota on antitumor immunity is dependent on microbiota composition, crosstalk between microbiota and the cancer, and status of cancers. The intratumoral microbiota may regulate cancer cell physiology and the immune response by different signaling pathways, including ROS, β-catenin, TLR, ERK, NF-κB, and STING, among others. These viewpoints may help identify the microbiota as diagnosis or prognosis evaluation of cancers, and as new therapeutic strategy and potential therapeutic targets for cancer therapy.
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Wang G, He X, Wang Q. Intratumoral bacteria are an important "accomplice" in tumor development and metastasis. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188846. [PMID: 36496095 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
As emerging tumor components, intratumoral bacteria have been found in many solid tumors. Several studies have demonstrated that different cancer subtypes have distinct microbial compositions, and mechanistic studies have shown that intratumoral bacteria may promote cancer initiation and progression through DNA damage, epigenetic modification, inflammatory responses, modulation of host immunity and activation of oncogenes or oncogenic pathways. Moreover, intratumoral bacteria have been shown to modulate tumor metastasis and chemotherapy response. A better understanding of the tumor microenvironment and its associated microbiota will facilitate the design of new metabolically engineered species, opening up a new era of intratumoral bacteria-based cancer therapy. However, many questions remain to be resolved, such as where intratumoral bacteria originate and whether there is a direct causal relationship between intratumoral bacteria and tumor susceptibility. In addition, suitable preclinical models and more advanced detection techniques are crucial for studying the biological functions of intratumoral bacteria. In this review, we summarize the complicated role of intratumoral bacteria in the regulation of cancer development and metastasis and discuss their carcinogenic mechanisms and potential therapeutic aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Department of General Surgery, The 74th Group Army Hospital, Guangzhou 510318, China
| | - Xianli He
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
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Che B, Zhang W, Li W, Tang K, Yin J, Liu M, Xu S, Huang T, Yu Y, Huang K, Peng Z, Zha C. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide-related genes are involved in the invasion and recurrence of prostate cancer and are related to immune escape based on bioinformatics analysis. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1141191. [PMID: 37188204 PMCID: PMC10175693 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1141191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The composition of the tumor microbial microenvironment participates in the whole process of tumor disease. However, due to the limitations of the current technical level, the depth and breadth of the impact of microorganisms on tumors have not been fully recognized, especially in prostate cancer (PCa). Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore the role and mechanism of the prostate microbiome in PCa based on bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-related genes by means of bioinformatics. Methods The Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) was used to find bacterial LPS- related genes. PCa expression profile data and clinical data were acquired from TCGA, GTEx, and GEO. The differentially expressed LPS-related hub genes (LRHG) were obtained by Venn diagram, and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to investigate the putative molecular mechanism of LRHG. The immune infiltration score of malignancies was investigated using single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA). Using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis, a prognostic risk score model and nomogram were developed. Results 6 LRHG were screened. LRHG were involved in functional phenotypes such as tumor invasion, fat metabolism, sex hormone response, DNA repair, apoptosis, and immunoregulation. And it can regulate the immune microenvironment in the tumor by influencing the antigen presentation of immune cells in the tumor. And a prognostic risk score and the nomogram, which were based on LRHG, showed that the low-risk score has a protective effect on patients. Conclusion Microorganisms in the PCa microenvironment may use complex mechanism and networks to regulate the occurrence and development of PCa. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide-related genes can help build a reliable prognostic model and predict progression-free survival in patients with prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bangwei Che
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Kaifa Tang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
- *Correspondence: Kaifa Tang,
| | - Jingju Yin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Miao Liu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Shenghan Xu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Tao Huang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ying Yu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Kunyuan Huang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zheng Peng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Cheng Zha
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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Cazzaniga M, Cardinali M, Di Pierro F, Bertuccioli A. Ovarian Microbiota, Ovarian Cancer and the Underestimated Role of HPV. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232416019. [PMID: 36555661 PMCID: PMC9784802 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, many studies have highlighted the possible close correlation between human diseases and definite patterns of microbial organisms colonizing various organs. Even at sites traditionally considered sterile, such as the upper female reproductive tract (FRT), it is now well-recognized as hosting a low biomass of different bacterial phyla. Additionally, the data from recent studies highlight a possible link between lower and upper FRT dysbiosis with a potential predisposition to cervical and ovarian cancer. Acinetobacter, chlamydia, increased mycoplasma, and lactobacillary scarcity in the upper FRT have all been linked to a predisposition to ovarian cancer. Additionally, a high-diversity vaginal community state type (CST) is linked to the presence and persistence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV), resulting in decreased cellular p53 activity and a reduction in the immune activity of T lymphocytes, resulting in cervical and ovarian cancer predisposition. While these findings are still far from being clarified in all aspects, in patients with multiple risk factors for ovarian cancer, a Lactobacillus crispatus treatment with a product with a proven ability to restore a favorable CST should be considered as an add-on therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marco Cardinali
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infermi Hospital, AUSL Romagna, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Pierro
- Scientific & Research Department, Velleja Research, 20125 Milano, Italy
- Digestive Endoscopy Unit and Gastroenterology, Fondazione Poliambulanza, 25124 Brescia, Italy
| | - Alexander Bertuccioli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61122 Urbino, Italy
- Correspondence:
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40
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Choi Y, Han HS, Chong GO, Le TM, Nguyen HDT, Lee OEM, Lee D, Seong WJ, Seo I, Cha HH. Updates on Group B Streptococcus Infection in the Field of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10122398. [PMID: 36557651 PMCID: PMC9780959 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10122398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Group B Streptococcus (GBS, Streptococcus agalactiae) is a Gram-positive bacterium that is commonly found in the gastrointestinal and urogenital tracts. However, its colonization during pregnancy is an important cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Herein, we specifically looked at GBS in relation to the field of Obstetrics (OB) along with the field of Gynecology (GY). In this review, based on the clinical significance of GBS in the field of OBGY, topics of how GBS is being detected, treated, and should be prevented are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeseul Choi
- Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Four Program, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Soo Han
- Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Four Program, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
- Clinical Omics Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41405, Republic of Korea
| | - Gun Oh Chong
- Clinical Omics Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41405, Republic of Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea
| | - Tan Minh Le
- Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Four Program, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Duc Thi Nguyen
- Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Four Program, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Olive EM Lee
- Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Four Program, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghyeon Lee
- Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Four Program, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Joon Seong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea
| | - Incheol Seo
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (I.S.); (H.-H.C.)
| | - Hyun-Hwa Cha
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (I.S.); (H.-H.C.)
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Devoy C, Flores Bueso Y, Tangney M. Understanding and harnessing triple-negative breast cancer-related microbiota in oncology. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1020121. [PMID: 36505861 PMCID: PMC9730816 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1020121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial inhabitants of the body have the potential to play a role in various stages of cancer initiation, progression, and treatment. These bacteria may be distal to the primary tumour, such as gut microbiota, or local to the tissue, before or after tumour growth. Breast cancer is well studied in this context. Amongst breast cancer types, Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) is more aggressive, has fewer treatment options than receptor-positive breast cancers, has an overall worse prognosis and higher rates of reoccurrence. Thus, an in-depth understanding of the bacterial influence on TNBC progression and treatment is of high value. In this regard, the Gut Microbiota (GM) can be involved in various stages of tumour progression. It may suppress or promote carcinogenesis through the release of carcinogenic metabolites, sustenance of proinflammatory environments and/or the promotion of epigenetic changes in our genome. It can also mediate metastasis and reoccurrence through interactions with the immune system and has been recently shown to influence chemo-, radio-, and immune-therapies. Furthermore, bacteria have also been found to reside in normal and malignant breast tissue. Several studies have now described the breast and breast tumour microbiome, with the tumour microbiota of TNBC having the least taxonomic diversity among all breast cancer types. Here, specific conditions of the tumour microenvironment (TME) - low O2, leaky vasculature and immune suppression - are supportive of tumour selective bacterial growth. This innate bacterial ability could enable their use as delivery agents for various therapeutics or as diagnostics. This review aims to examine the current knowledge on bacterial relevance to TNBC and potential uses while examining some of the remaining unanswered questions regarding mechanisms underpinning observed effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciaran Devoy
- Cancer Research@UCC, College of Medicine and Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland,SynBio Center, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland,APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Yensi Flores Bueso
- Cancer Research@UCC, College of Medicine and Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland,SynBio Center, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland,APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Mark Tangney
- Cancer Research@UCC, College of Medicine and Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland,SynBio Center, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland,APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland,School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland,*Correspondence: Mark Tangney,
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Ciernikova S, Sevcikova A, Stevurkova V, Mego M. Tumor microbiome - an integral part of the tumor microenvironment. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1063100. [PMID: 36505811 PMCID: PMC9730887 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1063100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a significant role in tumor progression and cancer cell survival. Besides malignant cells and non-malignant components, including immune cells, elements of the extracellular matrix, stromal cells, and endothelial cells, the tumor microbiome is considered to be an integral part of the TME. Mounting evidence from preclinical and clinical studies evaluated the presence of tumor type-specific intratumoral bacteria. Differences in microbiome composition between cancerous tissues and benign controls suggest the importance of the microbiome-based approach. Complex host-microbiota crosstalk within the TME affects tumor cell biology via the regulation of oncogenic pathways, immune response modulation, and interaction with microbiota-derived metabolites. Significantly, the involvement of tumor-associated microbiota in cancer drug metabolism highlights the therapeutic implications. This review aims to summarize current knowledge about the emerging role of tumor microbiome in various types of solid malignancies. The clinical utility of tumor microbiome in cancer progression and treatment is also discussed. Moreover, we provide an overview of clinical trials evaluating the role of tumor microbiome in cancer patients. The research focusing on the communication between the gut and tumor microbiomes may bring new opportunities for targeting the microbiome to increase the efficacy of cancer treatment and improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sona Ciernikova
- Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia,*Correspondence: Sona Ciernikova,
| | - Aneta Sevcikova
- Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Viola Stevurkova
- Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Michal Mego
- 2nd Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava and National Cancer Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Gao F, Yu B, Rao B, Sun Y, Yu J, Wang D, Cui G, Ren Z. The effect of the intratumoral microbiome on tumor occurrence, progression, prognosis and treatment. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1051987. [PMID: 36466871 PMCID: PMC9718533 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1051987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past few decades, great progress has been achieved in the understanding of microbiome-cancer interactions. However, most of the studies have focused on the gut microbiome, ignoring how other microbiomes interact with tumors. Emerging evidence suggests that in many types of cancers, such as lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, and colorectal cancer, the intratumoral microbiome plays a significant role. In addition, accumulating evidence suggests that intratumoral microbes have multiple effects on the biological behavior of tumors, for example, regulating tumor initiation and progression and altering the tumor response to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. However, to fully understand the role of the intratumoral microbiome in cancer, further investigation of the effects and mechanisms is still needed. This review discusses the role of intratumoral bacteria in tumorigenesis and tumor progression, recurrence and metastasis, as well as their effect on cancer prognosis and treatment outcome, and summarizes the relevant mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Gao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, China
- Gene Hospital of Henan Province, Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Ion-beam Bioengineering, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Benchen Rao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, China
- Gene Hospital of Henan Province, Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, China
- Gene Hospital of Henan Province, Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jia Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, China
- Gene Hospital of Henan Province, Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Daming Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, China
- Gene Hospital of Henan Province, Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guangying Cui
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, China
- Gene Hospital of Henan Province, Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhigang Ren
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, China
- Gene Hospital of Henan Province, Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Haque S, Raina R, Afroze N, Hussain A, Alsulimani A, Singh V, Mishra BN, Kaul S, Kharwar RN. Microbial dysbiosis and epigenetics modulation in cancer development - A chemopreventive approach. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:666-681. [PMID: 34216789 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
An overwhelming number of research articles have reported a strong relationship of the microbiome with cancer. Microbes have been observed more commonly in the body fluids like urine, stool, mucus of people with cancer compared to the healthy controls. The microbiota is responsible for both progression and suppression activities of various diseases. Thus, to maintain healthy human physiology, host and microbiota relationship should be in a balanced state. Any disturbance in this equilibrium, referred as microbiome dysbiosis becomes a prime cause for the human body to become more prone to immunodeficiency and cancer. It is well established that some of these microbes are the causative agents, whereas others may encourage the formation of tumours, but very little is known about how these microbial communications causing change at gene and epigenome level and trigger as well as encourage the tumour growth. Various studies have reported that microbes in the gut influence DNA methylation, DNA repair and DNA damage. The genes and pathways that are altered by gut microbes are also associated with cancer advancement, predominantly those implicated in cell growth and cell signalling pathways. This study exhaustively reviews the current research advancements in understanding of dysbiosis linked with colon, lung, ovarian, breast cancers and insights into the potential molecular targets of the microbiome promoting carcinogenesis, the epigenetic alterations of various potential targets by altered microbiota, as well as the role of various chemopreventive agents for timely prevention and customized treatment against various types of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia; Bursa Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine, Görükle Campus, 16059, Nilüfer, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Ritu Raina
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nazia Afroze
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Arif Hussain
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Ahmad Alsulimani
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vineeta Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Engineering and Technology, Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow, 226021, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bhartendu Nath Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Engineering and Technology, Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow, 226021, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sanjana Kaul
- School of Biotechnology, University of Jammu, Jammu, 180006, J&K, India
| | - Ravindra Nath Kharwar
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
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Narunsky-Haziza L, Sepich-Poore GD, Livyatan I, Asraf O, Martino C, Nejman D, Gavert N, Stajich JE, Amit G, González A, Wandro S, Perry G, Ariel R, Meltser A, Shaffer JP, Zhu Q, Balint-Lahat N, Barshack I, Dadiani M, Gal-Yam EN, Patel SP, Bashan A, Swafford AD, Pilpel Y, Knight R, Straussman R. Pan-cancer analyses reveal cancer-type-specific fungal ecologies and bacteriome interactions. Cell 2022; 185:3789-3806.e17. [PMID: 36179670 PMCID: PMC9567272 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 76.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Cancer-microbe associations have been explored for centuries, but cancer-associated fungi have rarely been examined. Here, we comprehensively characterize the cancer mycobiome within 17,401 patient tissue, blood, and plasma samples across 35 cancer types in four independent cohorts. We report fungal DNA and cells at low abundances across many major human cancers, with differences in community compositions that differ among cancer types, even when accounting for technical background. Fungal histological staining of tissue microarrays supported intratumoral presence and frequent spatial association with cancer cells and macrophages. Comparing intratumoral fungal communities with matched bacteriomes and immunomes revealed co-occurring bi-domain ecologies, often with permissive, rather than competitive, microenvironments and distinct immune responses. Clinically focused assessments suggested prognostic and diagnostic capacities of the tissue and plasma mycobiomes, even in stage I cancers, and synergistic predictive performance with bacteriomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Narunsky-Haziza
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Gregory D Sepich-Poore
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Micronoma Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Ilana Livyatan
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Omer Asraf
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Cameron Martino
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Deborah Nejman
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Nancy Gavert
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Jason E Stajich
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Guy Amit
- Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel; Department of Natural Sciences, The Open University of Israel, Raanana, Israel
| | - Antonio González
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Gili Perry
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Ruthie Ariel
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Arnon Meltser
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Justin P Shaffer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Qiyun Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA; Biodesign Center for Fundamental and Applied Microbiomics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Nora Balint-Lahat
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Department of Pathology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Iris Barshack
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Department of Pathology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Maya Dadiani
- Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Einav N Gal-Yam
- Breast Oncology Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Sandip Pravin Patel
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego Health, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Amir Bashan
- Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Austin D Swafford
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yitzhak Pilpel
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Ravid Straussman
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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The Oncobiome in Gastroenteric and Genitourinary Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179664. [PMID: 36077063 PMCID: PMC9456244 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Early evidence suggests a strong association of microorganisms with several human cancers, and great efforts have been made to understand the pathophysiology underlying microbial carcinogenesis. Bacterial dysbiosis causes epithelial barrier failure, immune dysregulation and/or genotoxicity and, consequently, creates a tumor-permissive microenvironment. The majority of the bacteria in our body reside in the gastrointestinal tract, known as gut microbiota, which represents a complex and delicate ecosystem. Gut microbes can reach the pancreas, stomach and colon via the bloodstream. Oral bacterial translocations can also occur. In the stomach, pancreas and colon, low microbial diversity is associated with cancer, in particular with a bad prognosis. The urogenital tract also harbors unique microbiota, distinct from the gut microbiota, which might have a role in the urinary and female/male reproductive cancers’ pathogenesis. In healthy women, the majority of bacteria reside in the vagina and cervix and unlike other mucosal sites, the vaginal microbiota exhibits low microbial diversity. Genital dysbiosis might have an active role in the development and/or progression of gynecological malignancies through mechanisms including modulation of oestrogen metabolism. Urinary dysbiosis may influence the pathogenesis of bladder cancer and prostate cancer in males. Modulation of the microbiome via pre, pro and postbiotics, fecal or vaginal microbiota transplantation and engineering bacteria might prove useful in improving cancer treatment response and quality of life. Elucidating the complex host-microbiome interactions will result in prevention and therapeutic efficacy interventions.
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Gholiof M, Adamson-De Luca E, Wessels JM. The female reproductive tract microbiotas, inflammation, and gynecological conditions. FRONTIERS IN REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH 2022; 4:963752. [PMID: 36303679 PMCID: PMC9580710 DOI: 10.3389/frph.2022.963752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The intricate interactions between the host cells, bacteria, and immune components that reside in the female reproductive tract (FRT) are essential in maintaining reproductive tract homeostasis. Much of our current knowledge surrounding the FRT microbiota relates to the vaginal microbiota, where ‘health’ has long been associated with low bacterial diversity and Lactobacillus dominance. This concept has recently been challenged as women can have a diverse vaginal microbial composition in the absence of symptomatic disease. The structures of the upper FRT (the endocervix, uterus, Fallopian tubes, and ovaries) have distinct, lower biomass microbiotas than the vagina; however, the existence of permanent microbiotas at these sites is disputed. During homeostasis, a balance exists between the FRT bacteria and the immune system that maintains immune quiescence. Alterations in the bacteria, immune system, or local environment may result in perturbances to the FRT microbiota, defined as dysbiosis. The inflammatory signature of a perturbed or “dysbiotic” FRT microbiota is characterized by elevated concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines in cervical and vaginal fluid. It appears that vaginal homeostasis can be disrupted by two different mechanisms: first, a shift toward increased bacterial diversity can trigger vaginal inflammation, and second, local immunity is altered in some manner, which disrupts the microbiota in response to an environmental change. FRT dysbiosis can have negative effects on reproductive health. This review will examine the increasing evidence for the involvement of the FRT microbiotas and inflammation in gynecologic conditions such as endometriosis, infertility, and endometrial and ovarian cancer; however, the precise mechanisms by which bacteria are involved in these conditions remains speculative at present. While only in their infancy, the use of antibiotics and probiotics to therapeutically alter the FRT microbiota is being studied and is discussed herein. Our current understanding of the intimate relationship between immunity and the FRT microbiota is in its early days, and more research is needed to deepen our mechanistic understanding of this relationship and to assess how our present knowledge can be harnessed to assist in diagnosis and treatment of gynecologic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Gholiof
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Emma Adamson-De Luca
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- AIMA Laboratories Inc., Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jocelyn M. Wessels
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- AIMA Laboratories Inc., Hamilton, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Jocelyn M. Wessels
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Hosseini K, Ahangari H, Chapeland-leclerc F, Ruprich-Robert G, Tarhriz V, Dilmaghani A. Role of Fungal Infections in Carcinogenesis and Cancer Development: A Literature Review. Adv Pharm Bull 2022; 12:747-756. [PMID: 36415634 PMCID: PMC9675916 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2022.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a serious debilitating disease and one of the most common causes of death. In recent decades the high risk of various cancers enforced scientists to discover novel prevention and treatment methods to diminish the mortality of this terrifying disease. Accordingly, its prevention can be possible in near future. Based on epidemiological evidence, there is a clear link between pathogenic fungal infections and cancer development. This association is often seen in people with weakened immune systems such as the elderly and people with acquired immunodeficiency (AIDS). Carcinoma in these people is first seen chronically and then acutely. Although the different genetic and environmental risk factors are involved in carcinogenesis, one of the most important risk factors is fungal species and infections associating with cancers etiology. Now it is known that microbial infection is responsible for initiating 2.2 million new cancer cases. In this way, many recent studies have focused on investigating the role and mechanism of fungal infections in diverse cancers occurrence. This review provides a comprehensive framework of the latest clinical findings and the association of fungal infections with versatile cancers including esophageal, gastric, colorectal, lung, cervical, skin, and ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamran Hosseini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hossein Ahangari
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Florence Chapeland-leclerc
- Université de Paris, Faculté des Sciences, Laboratoire Interdiciplinaire des Energies de Demain (LIED), UMR 8236 CNRS, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Gwenael Ruprich-Robert
- Université de Paris, Faculté des Sciences, Laboratoire Interdiciplinaire des Energies de Demain (LIED), UMR 8236 CNRS, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Vahideh Tarhriz
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Bio-Medicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Azita Dilmaghani
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Brewster WR, Burkett WC, Ko EM, Bae-Jump V, Nicole McCoy A, Keku TO. An evaluation of the microbiota of the upper reproductive tract of women with and without epithelial ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol Rep 2022; 42:101017. [PMID: 35754560 PMCID: PMC9218206 DOI: 10.1016/j.gore.2022.101017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a distinct microbiota of the upper reproductive tract. There are differences in the microbiota composition between the ovary, fallopian tube, and fimbriae. Ovarian cancer appears to have a unique microbiota.
Objective The microbiome of the female upper reproductive tract (URT) has not been characterized. We hypothesize that distinct bacterial species may be identified in different areas of the URT in women with or without ovarian cancers. Methods Postmenopausal women scheduled for salpingooophorectomy were prospectively identified. We excluded those who used antibiotics within three months of surgery or had a diagnosed gynecologic cancer. Bacteria were extracted from tissue samples of the proximal fallopian tube, fimbriae and ovaries of 10 women. Using molecular-phylogenetic methods based on the highly conserved 16S bacteria rRNA gene, we assessed the complexity of URT microbiota in tissue samples by high throughput sequencing of the V1-V3 region of the 16S gene. Sequences were processed through QIIME and an average of 69,625 reads per sample was obtained after quality filtering. Multivariate analyses were conducted using PRIMER VI software. Results The initial analysis of samples suggests that bacteria exist in the URT. Analysis of similarity matrix (ANOSIM) suggests that the microbiome differs in the areas examined (ANOSIM R = 0.26, p = 0.015). The microbiome differs significantly between the fallopian tube and ovary (ANOSIM R = 0.23, p = 0.02). The proximal fallopian tube microbiome also differs from the fimbriae (ANOSIM R = 0.66, p = 0.025). There were borderline differences in the microbial profiles of the specimens with and without epithelial ovarian cancer (p = 0.06). Conclusions We identified distinct microbiota of the ovaries and fallopian tubes with a profile unique to women with epithelial ovarian cancer. Further investigation is necessary to determine whether the microbiome is related to ovarian carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy R. Brewster
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, United States
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, United States
- Corresponding author at: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Physician’s Office Building B103, 170 Manning Drive CB 7572, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Wesley C. Burkett
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, United States
| | - Emily M. Ko
- University of Pennsylvania Health Systems, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, United States
| | - Victoria Bae-Jump
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, United States
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, United States
| | - Amber Nicole McCoy
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Medicine, Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, United States
| | - Temitope O. Keku
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Medicine, Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, United States
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50
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Shen L, Zhang W, Yuan Y, Zhu W, Shang A. Vaginal microecological characteristics of women in different physiological and pathological period. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:959793. [PMID: 35937699 PMCID: PMC9354832 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.959793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The vaginal microbiota, the host endocrine system, the vaginal anatomy, and the local mucosal immunity comprise the vaginal microbiota, which interacts with each other to maintain the balance of the vaginal microbiota, which maintains female reproductive health. Puberty, menstruation, pregnancy, and menopause are four phases women go through during their reproductive and post-reproductive years. Vaginal microbiota composition and abundance are heavily influenced by estrogen and progesterone, which start at puberty and continue during the reproductive years in a dynamic balance with some fluctuations. Estrogen promotes proliferation of vaginal epithelial cells and increases glycogen storage, while progesterone lyses vaginal epithelial cells, facilitating the release of glycogen to maintain normal pH. This review summarizes the latest national and international evidence on the composition and distribution of vaginal microecology in women during different physiological and pathological periods and proposes a hormone-driven microbial diversity hypothesis to explain the temporal patterns of vaginal microbial diversity during the female reproductive cycle and menopause. A relatively balanced vaginal microecological system has a positive effect on the maintenance of female health. An imbalance in the ratio of flora can lead to susceptibility to infections or reproductive complications. The study of human microecology and its role in the development and progression of human disease is essential for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of related obstetric and gynecologic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Changning Maternity & Infant Health Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jiaozuo Fifth People’s Hospital, Jiaozuo, China
| | - Yi Yuan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weipei Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Anquan Shang, ; Weipei Zhu,
| | - Anquan Shang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Anquan Shang, ; Weipei Zhu,
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