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Zhai Z, Yamauchi T, Shangraw S, Hou V, Matsumoto A, Fujita M. Ethanol Metabolism and Melanoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:1258. [PMID: 36831600 PMCID: PMC9954650 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer. Despite significant efforts in sun protection education, melanoma incidence is still rising globally, drawing attention to other socioenvironmental risk factors for melanoma. Ethanol and acetaldehyde (AcAH) are ubiquitous in our diets, medicines, alcoholic beverages, and the environment. In the liver, ethanol is primarily oxidized to AcAH, a toxic intermediate capable of inducing tumors by forming adducts with proteins and DNA. Once in the blood, ethanol and AcAH can reach the skin. Although, like the liver, the skin has metabolic mechanisms to detoxify ethanol and AcAH, the risk of ethanol/AcAH-associated skin diseases increases when the metabolic enzymes become dysfunctional in the skin. This review highlights the evidence linking cutaneous ethanol metabolism and melanoma. We summarize various sources of skin ethanol and AcAH and describe how the reduced activity of each alcohol metabolizing enzyme affects the sensitivity threshold to ethanol/AcAH toxicity. Data from the Gene Expression Omnibus database also show that three ethanol metabolizing enzymes (alcohol dehydrogenase 1B, P450 2E1, and catalase) and an AcAH metabolizing enzyme (aldehyde dehydrogenase 2) are significantly reduced in melanoma tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zili Zhai
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Takeshi Yamauchi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Sarah Shangraw
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Vincent Hou
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Akiko Matsumoto
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Saga University, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Mayumi Fujita
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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TLR4 Enhances Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury via Regulating NLRP3 Inflammasome and Autophagy. Mediators Inflamm 2023; 2023:9335166. [PMID: 36879557 PMCID: PMC9985501 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9335166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a kind of central nervous disease characterized by high morbidity, high mortality, and high disability. Inflammation and autophagy play important roles in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (CI/R) injury. The present study characterizes the effects of TLR4 activation on inflammation and autophagy in CI/R injury. An in vivo CI/R rat injury model and an in vitro hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) SH-SY5Y cell model were established. Brain infarction size, neurological function, cell apoptosis, inflammatory mediators' levels, and gene expression were measured. Infarction, neurological dysfunction, and neural cell apoptosis were induced in CI/R rats or in H/R-induced cells. The expression levels of NLRP3, TLR4, LC3, TNF-α, interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-18 (IL-18) clearly increased in I/R rats or in H/R-induced cells, while TLR4 knockdown significantly suppressed NLRP3, TLR4, LC3, TNF-α, and interleukin-1/6/18 (IL-1/6/18) in H/R-induced cells, as well as cell apoptosis. These data indicate that TLR4 upregulation induced CI/R injury via stimulating NLRP3 inflammasome and autophagy. Therefore, TLR4, is a potential therapeutic target to improve management of ischemic stroke.
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Cilostazol Alleviates NLRP3 Inflammasome-Induced Allodynia/Hyperalgesia in Murine Cerebral Cortex Following Transient Ischemia: Focus on TRPA1/Glutamate and Akt/Dopamine/BDNF/Nrf2 Trajectories. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:7194-7211. [PMID: 36127628 PMCID: PMC9616778 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03024-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) provokes inflammation that augments neuropathic pain. Cilostazol (CLZ) has pleiotropic effects including neuroprotection in several ravaging central disorders; nonetheless, its potential role in transient central ischemic-induced allodynia and hyperalgesia has not been asserted before. Rats were allocated into 4 groups; sham, sham + CLZ, and 45 min-bilateral carotid occlusion followed by a 48 h-reperfusion period either with or without CLZ (50 mg/kg; p.o) post-treatment. CLZ prolonged latency of hindlimb withdrawal following von Frey filaments, 4 °C cold, and noxious mechanical stimulations. Histopathological alterations and the immunoexpression of glial fibrillary acidic protein induced by I/R were reduced by CLZ in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) area, while, CLZ enhanced intact neuronal count. Meanwhile, CLZ modulated cerebral cortical glutamate, dopamine neurotransmission, and transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1). CLZ anti-inflammatory potential was mediated by the downregulated p65 NF-κB and sirtuin-1 enhancement to reduce nucleotide-binding domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), apoptosis-associated speck-like protein (ASC), active caspase-1, and interleukin-1β, indicative of inflammasome deactivation. It also revealed an antioxidant capacity via boosting nuclear factor E2-related factor (Nrf2) enhancing glutathione through forkhead box protein O3a (FOXO3a) reduction. Additionally, CLZ triggered neuronal survival by promoting the p-content of Akt, TrkB, and CREB as well as BDNF content. A novel approach of CLZ in hindering global cerebral I/R-mediated neuropathy is firstly documented herein to forward its adjunct action via deactivating the NLRP3 inflammasome, besides enhancing Nrf2 axis, neuronal survival, and dopamine neurotransmission as well as inhibiting TRPA1 and excitotoxicity.
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Zeng T, Zhang S, He Y, Liu Z, Cheng Q. MiR-361-5p promotes oxygen-glucose deprivation/re-oxygenation induced neuronal injury by negatively regulating SQSTM1 in vitro. Metab Brain Dis 2021; 36:2359-2368. [PMID: 34581931 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-021-00845-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
It has been reported that microRNAs (miRNAs) play essential roles in cerebral ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury. This study aimed to explore the role of miR-361-5p in oxygen-glucose deprivation/re-oxygenation-induced neuronal injury in vitro. Cerebral I/R injury cell model was established by using PC12 cells exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation/re-oxygenation (OGD/R). The expression of miR-361-5p and SQSTM1 was evaluated by qRT-PCR or western blot. Neuronal apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry, and cell viability was assessed by CCK-8 assay. The effects of miR-361-5p on the release of LDH and the levels of MDA, SOD, and GSH-Px were investigated by respective detection kits. Dual-luciferase reporter assay and RIP assay were performed to determine the interaction between miR-361-5p and SQSTM1. Rescue experiments were performed to evaluate the function of miR-361-5p and SQSTM1. MiR-361-5p was significantly upregulated, and SQSTM1 was significantly downregulated in OGD/R-stimulated PC12 cells. MiR-361-5p could directly interact with SQSTM1 and negatively regulated it. Inhibition of miR-361-5p efficiently inhibited OGD/R-induced apoptosis and attenuated OGD/R-induced growth defect in PC12 cells. In addition, SQSTM1 overexpression partially attenuates the apoptosis and promoted the viability of OGD/R-treated PC12 cells, which were aggravated by miR-361-5p mimics. Our study demonstrated that miR-361-5p promotes OGD/R-induced neuronal injury via regulating SQSTM1 in PC12 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zeng
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, No. 1 Panfu Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510180, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Sai Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, No. 1 Panfu Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510180, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan He
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, No. 1 Panfu Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510180, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenxing Liu
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, No. 1 Panfu Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510180, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiusheng Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, No. 1 Panfu Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510180, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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Ethnic Differences in Serum Levels of microRNAs Potentially Regulating Alcohol Dehydrogenase 1B and Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10163678. [PMID: 34441974 PMCID: PMC8397147 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10163678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethnic difference is known in genetic polymorphisms of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) and alcohol dehydrogenase 1B (ADH1B), which cause Asian flushing by blood vessel dilation due to accumulation of acetaldehyde. We investigated ethnic differences in microRNAs (miRNAs) related to ALDH2 and ADH1B. miRNA levels in serum were totally analyzed by using miRNA oligo chip arrays and compared in Austrian and Japanese middle-aged men. There were no ALDH2- and ADH1B-related miRNAs that had previously been reported in humans and that showed significantly different serum levels between Austrian and Japanese men. With the use of miRNA prediction tools, we identified four and five miRNAs that were predicted to target ALDH2 and ADH1B, respectively, and they had expression levels high enough for comparison. Among the ADH1B-related miRNAs, miR-150-3p, -3127-5p and -4314 were significantly higher and miR-3151-5p was significantly lower in Austrian compared with Japanese men, while no significant difference was found for miR-449b-3p. miR-150-3p and miR-4314 showed relatively high fold changes (1.5 or higher). The levels of ALDH2-related miRNAs (miR-30d-5p, -6127, -6130 and -6133) were not significantly different between the countries. miR-150-3p and miR-4314 are candidates of miRNAs that may be involved in the ethnic difference in sensitivity to alcohol through modifying the expression of ADH1B.
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Kaleem M, Perwaiz M, Nur SM, Abdulrahman AO, Ahmad W, Al-Abbasi FA, Kumar V, Kamal MA, Anwar F. Epigenetics of Triple-negative breast cancer via natural compounds. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:1436-1458. [PMID: 34238140 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210707165530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly resistant, lethal, and metastatic sub-division of breast carcinoma, characterized by the deficiency of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). In women, TNBC shows a higher aggressive behavior with poor patient prognosis and a higher recurrence rate during reproductive age. TNBC is defined by the presence of epithelial-to-mesenchymal-transition (EMT), which shows a significant role in cancer progression. At the epigenetic level, TNBC is characterized by epigenetic signatures, such as DNA methylation, histone remodeling, and a host of miRNA, MiR-193, LncRNA, HIF-2α, eEF2K, LIN9/NEK2, IMP3, LISCH7/TGF-β1, GD3s and KLK12 mediated regulation. These modifications either are silenced or activate the necessary genes that are prevalent in TNBC. The review is based on epigenetic mediated mechanistic changes in TNBC. Furthermore, Thymoquinone (TQ), Regorafenib, Fangjihuangqi decoction, Saikosaponin A, and Huaier, etc., are potent antitumor natural compounds extensively reported in the literature. Further, the review emphasizes the role of these natural compounds in TNBC and their possible epigenetic targets, which can be utilized as a potential therapeutic strategy in treatment of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Kaleem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maryam Perwaiz
- Department of Sciences, University of Toronto. Mississauga. Canada
| | - Suza Mohammad Nur
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Wasim Ahmad
- Department of Kuliyate Tib, National Institute of Unani Medicine, Kottigepalya, Bengaluru, India
| | - Fahad A Al-Abbasi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Natural Product Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shalom Institute of Health and Allied Sciences. SHUATS, Naini, Prayagraj, India
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- West China School of Nursing / Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Firoz Anwar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Brancaccio M, Mennitti C, Cesaro A, Fimiani F, Moscarella E, Caiazza M, Gragnano F, Ranieri A, D’Alicandro G, Tinto N, Mazzaccara C, Lombardo B, Pero R, Limongelli G, Frisso G, Calabrò P, Scudiero O. Dietary Thiols: A Potential Supporting Strategy against Oxidative Stress in Heart Failure and Muscular Damage during Sports Activity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17249424. [PMID: 33339141 PMCID: PMC7765667 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17249424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Moderate exercise combined with proper nutrition are considered protective factors against cardiovascular disease and musculoskeletal disorders. However, physical activity is known not only to have positive effects. In fact, the achievement of a good performance requires a very high oxygen consumption, which leads to the formation of oxygen free radicals, responsible for premature cell aging and diseases such as heart failure and muscle injury. In this scenario, a primary role is played by antioxidants, in particular by natural antioxidants that can be taken through the diet. Natural antioxidants are molecules capable of counteracting oxygen free radicals without causing cellular cytotoxicity. In recent years, therefore, research has conducted numerous studies on the identification of natural micronutrients, in order to prevent or mitigate oxidative stress induced by physical activity by helping to support conventional drug therapies against heart failure and muscle damage. The aim of this review is to have an overview of how controlled physical activity and a diet rich in antioxidants can represent a “natural cure” to prevent imbalances caused by free oxygen radicals in diseases such as heart failure and muscle damage. In particular, we will focus on sulfur-containing compounds that have the ability to protect the body from oxidative stress. We will mainly focus on six natural antioxidants: glutathione, taurine, lipoic acid, sulforaphane, garlic and methylsulfonylmethane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariarita Brancaccio
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy;
| | - Cristina Mennitti
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (N.T.); (C.M.); (B.L.); (R.P.)
| | - Arturo Cesaro
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Naples, Italy; (A.C.); (E.M.); (F.G.); (G.L.)
- Division of Clinical Cardiology, A.O.R.N. “Sant’Anna e San Sebastiano”, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Fabio Fimiani
- Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Monaldi Hospital, 81100 Naples, Italy; (F.F.); (M.C.)
| | - Elisabetta Moscarella
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Naples, Italy; (A.C.); (E.M.); (F.G.); (G.L.)
- Division of Clinical Cardiology, A.O.R.N. “Sant’Anna e San Sebastiano”, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Martina Caiazza
- Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Monaldi Hospital, 81100 Naples, Italy; (F.F.); (M.C.)
| | - Felice Gragnano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Naples, Italy; (A.C.); (E.M.); (F.G.); (G.L.)
- Division of Clinical Cardiology, A.O.R.N. “Sant’Anna e San Sebastiano”, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni D’Alicandro
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Center of Sports Medicine and Disability, AORN, Santobono-Pausillipon, 80122 Naples, Italy;
| | - Nadia Tinto
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (N.T.); (C.M.); (B.L.); (R.P.)
- Ceinge Biotecnologie Avanzate S. C. a R. L., 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Cristina Mazzaccara
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (N.T.); (C.M.); (B.L.); (R.P.)
| | - Barbara Lombardo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (N.T.); (C.M.); (B.L.); (R.P.)
- Ceinge Biotecnologie Avanzate S. C. a R. L., 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Raffaela Pero
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (N.T.); (C.M.); (B.L.); (R.P.)
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, 80100 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Limongelli
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Naples, Italy; (A.C.); (E.M.); (F.G.); (G.L.)
- Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Monaldi Hospital, 81100 Naples, Italy; (F.F.); (M.C.)
| | - Giulia Frisso
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (N.T.); (C.M.); (B.L.); (R.P.)
- Ceinge Biotecnologie Avanzate S. C. a R. L., 80131 Naples, Italy;
- Correspondence: (G.F.); (P.C.); (O.S.); Tel.: +39-347-240-9595 (G.F.); +39-338-434-6963 (P.C.); +39-339-613-9908 (O.S.)
| | - Paolo Calabrò
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Naples, Italy; (A.C.); (E.M.); (F.G.); (G.L.)
- Division of Clinical Cardiology, A.O.R.N. “Sant’Anna e San Sebastiano”, 81100 Caserta, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.F.); (P.C.); (O.S.); Tel.: +39-347-240-9595 (G.F.); +39-338-434-6963 (P.C.); +39-339-613-9908 (O.S.)
| | - Olga Scudiero
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (N.T.); (C.M.); (B.L.); (R.P.)
- Ceinge Biotecnologie Avanzate S. C. a R. L., 80131 Naples, Italy;
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, 80100 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.F.); (P.C.); (O.S.); Tel.: +39-347-240-9595 (G.F.); +39-338-434-6963 (P.C.); +39-339-613-9908 (O.S.)
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Mao L, Zuo ML, Wang AP, Tian Y, Dong LC, Li TM, Kuang DB, Song GL, Yang ZB. Low expression of miR‑532‑3p contributes to cerebral ischemia/reperfusion oxidative stress injury by directly targeting NOX2. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:2415-2423. [PMID: 32705253 PMCID: PMC7411405 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) is a major subtype of NOX and is responsible for the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in brain tissues. MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are important epigenetic regulators of NOX2. The present study aimed to identify the role of NOX2 miRNA-targets in ischemic stroke (IS). A rat cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (CI/R) injury model and a SH-SY5Y cell hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) model were used to simulate IS. Gene expression levels, ROS production and apoptosis in tissue or cells were determined, and bioinformatic analysis was conducted for target prediction of miRNA. In vitro experiments, including function-gain and luciferase activity assays, were also performed to assess the roles of miRNAs. The results indicated that NOX2 was significantly increased in brain tissues subjected to I/R and in SH-SY5Y cells subjected to H/R, while the expression of miR-532-3p (putative target of NOX2) was significantly decreased in brain tissues and plasma. Overexpression of miR-532-3p significantly suppressed NOX2 expression and ROS generation in SH-SY5Y cells subjected to H/R, as well as reduced the relative luciferase activity of cells transfected with a reporter gene plasmid. Collectively, these data indicated that miR-532-3p may be a target of NOX2 and a biomarker for CI/R injury. Thus, the present study may provide a novel target for drug development and IS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Mao
- Office of Good Clinical Practice, The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Hunan, Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410006, P.R. China
| | - Mei-Ling Zuo
- Office of Good Clinical Practice, The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Hunan, Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410006, P.R. China
| | - Ai-Ping Wang
- Institute of Clinical Research, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Ying Tian
- Institute of Clinical Research, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Li-Chen Dong
- Office of Good Clinical Practice, The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Hunan, Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410006, P.R. China
| | - Tao-Ming Li
- Office of Good Clinical Practice, The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Hunan, Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410006, P.R. China
| | - Da-Bin Kuang
- Office of Good Clinical Practice, The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Hunan, Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410006, P.R. China
| | - Gui-Lin Song
- Office of Good Clinical Practice, The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Hunan, Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410006, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Bao Yang
- Office of Good Clinical Practice, The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Hunan, Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410006, P.R. China
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TGF-β Signaling Regulates SLC8A3 Expression and Prevents Oxidative Stress in Developing Midbrain Dopaminergic and Dorsal Raphe Serotonergic Neurons. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082735. [PMID: 32326436 PMCID: PMC7216069 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium homeostasis is a cellular process required for proper cell function and survival, maintained by the coordinated action of several transporters, among them members of the Na+/Ca2+-exchanger family, such as SLC8A3. Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling defines neuronal development and survival and may regulate the expression of channels and transporters. We investigated the regulation of SLC8A3 by TGF-β in a conditional knockout mouse with deletion of TGF-β signaling from Engrailed 1-expressing cells, i.e., in cells from the midbrain and rhombomere 1, and elucidated the underlying molecular mechanisms. The results show that SLC8A3 is significantly downregulated in developing dopaminergic and dorsal raphe serotonergic neurons in mutants and that low SLC8A3 abundance prevents the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-xL. TGF-β signaling affects SLC8A3 via the canonical and p38 signaling pathway and may increase the binding of Smad4 to the Slc8a3 promoter. Expression of the lipid peroxidation marker malondialdehyde (MDA) was increased following knockdown of Slc8a3 expression in vitro. In neurons lacking TGF-β signaling, the number of MDA- and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE)-positive cells was significantly increased, accompanied with increased cellular 4-HNE abundance. These results suggest that TGF-β contributes to the regulation of SLC8A3 expression in developing dopaminergic and dorsal raphe serotonergic neurons, thereby preventing oxidative stress.
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Gao Y, Nan G, Chi L. MicroRNA miR-505-5p Promotes Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation/Reoxygenation-Induced Neuronal Injury via Negative Regulation of CREG1 in Cultured Neuron-Like Cells. NEUROPHYSIOLOGY+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11062-020-09835-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Xia P, Zhang F, Yuan Y, Chen C, Huang Y, Li L, Wang E, Guo Q, Ye Z. ALDH 2 conferred neuroprotection on cerebral ischemic injury by alleviating mitochondria-related apoptosis through JNK/caspase-3 signing pathway. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:1303-1323. [PMID: 32210721 PMCID: PMC7085232 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.38962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Past studies have indicated that the dysregulation of Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) is related to the pathogenesis of acute stroke. However, the underlying mechanisms of ALDH2-mediated acute stroke are still not well understood. Thus, our study was designed to explore the influence of ALDH2 in acute stroke and determine whether its related mechanisms are involved in regulating mitochondria-associated apoptosis modulating JNK/caspase-3 pathway. In vitro analysis on the gain and loss of ALDH2 and JNK function were performed to explore its influence on OGD/R injury and relevant signaling pathways. Our findings suggested that ALDH2 expression was significantly down-regulated in rats suffering from acute stroke and also in primary cortical cultured neurons and PC12 cells upon OGD/R stimulation. ALDH2 overexpression markedly decreased infarct size and improved neurological outcomes. Furthermore, ALDH2 overexpression significantly suppressed stroke-induced mitochondria-associated apoptosis and inhibited p-JNK activation and p-JNK/caspase-3 complex formation. Similarly, in in vitro OGD/R models, ALDH2 reintroduction not only promoted cellular viability and moderated LDH release, but also inhibited mitochondria-related apoptosis. Moreover, JNK inhibition relieved OGD/R-induced cellular injury and apoptosis while JNK activation aggravated them. Furthermore, ALDH2 overexpression and JNK inhibition significantly reduced caspase-3 activation and transcription which was triggered by OGD/R damage. Caspase-3 activation and transcription also re-elevated during activation of JNK in ALDH2-reintroduced cells. Finally, ChIP assay revealed that p-JNK was bound to caspase-3 promoter. Collectively, ALDH2 overexpression led to a significant reduction in mitochondria-related apoptosis via JNK-mediated caspase-3 activation and transcription in both in vitro and in vivo cerebral ischemia models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan Province, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan Province, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Yajing Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan Province, China
| | - Longyan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan Province, China
| | - E Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan Province, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Qulian Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan Province, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Zhi Ye
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan Province, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, P. R. China
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12
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Zuo ML, Wang AP, Song GL, Yang ZB. miR-652 protects rats from cerebral ischemia/reperfusion oxidative stress injury by directly targeting NOX2. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 124:109860. [PMID: 32000043 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.109860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a devastating central nervous disease associated with oxidative stress and NOX2 is the main source of ROS responsible for brain tissue. miRNAs are a class of negative regulator of genes in mammals and involves the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke. This study aims to observe the role of target miRNA(miR-652) of NOX2 in ischemic stroke. A rat cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (CI/R) injury model and an SH-SY5Y cell hypoxia/reoxygenation(H/R) model were used to simulate ischemic stroke, and corresponding gene expression, biochemical indicators and pathophysiological indicators were measured to observe the role of miR-652. NOX2 significantly increased in brain tissues subjected to I/R or in SH-SY5Y cells subjected to H/R, while the expression level of miR-652(potential target of NOX2) significantly decreased in both brain tissues and plasma. Overexpression of miR-652 significantly suppressed NOX2 expression and ROS generation in H/R treated SH-SY5Y cells and reduced the relative luciferase activity of cells transfected with plasmid NOX2-WT (reporter gene plasmid). MiR-652 agomir significantly decreased the expression of NOX2 and ROS generation in brain tissues of CIR rats, as well as tissue injury. These data indicated that miR-652 protected rats from cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury by directly targeting NOX2, is a novel target for ischemic stroke therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Ling Zuo
- Office of Good Clinical Practice, The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410006, Hunan, China
| | - Ai-Ping Wang
- Institute of Clinical Research, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Gui-Lin Song
- Office of Good Clinical Practice, The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410006, Hunan, China; Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Changsha, Changsha, China
| | - Zhong-Bao Yang
- Office of Good Clinical Practice, The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410006, Hunan, China; Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Changsha, Changsha, China.
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13
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Zhong ZF, Han J, Zhang JZ, Xiao Q, Chen JY, Zhang K, Hu J, Chen LD. Neuroprotective Effects of Salidroside on Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Behavioral Impairment Involves the Dopaminergic System. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1433. [PMID: 31920641 PMCID: PMC6923222 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Salidroside, a phenylpropanoid glycoside, is the main bioactive component of Rhodiola rosea L. Salidroside has prominent anti-stroke effects in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion models. However, the underlying mechanisms of its actions are poorly understood. This study examined the anti-stroke effects of salidroside in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)-induced rat model of stroke and its potential mechanisms involving the dopaminergic system. Salidroside administration increased the levels of dopamine (DA), homovanillic acid (HVA), and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) in the ipsilateral striatum after induction of transient ischemia, which were assessed using microdialysis with high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrochemical detection (HPLC-ECD). Furthermore, treatment with salidroside ameliorated neurobehavioral impairment, assessed with the modified neurological severity scores (mNSS), the balance beam test, and the foot fault test. Moreover, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) suggested that MCAO-induced reduction in monoamine oxidase (MAO) was inhibited by salidroside. Immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence analyses revealed high level of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in the ipsilateral striatal caudate putamen (CPu) after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion, which could be further elevated by salidroside. In addition, salidroside could reverse the decreased immunoreactivity of TH in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). These results suggest that the anti-stroke effects of salidroside in MCAO-induced cerebral ischemia/reperfusion may involve the modulation of monoamine metabolism in the striatum and SNpc, which may be related to the function of the dopaminergic system in the rat brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Feng Zhong
- Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.,Department of High Altitude Operational Medicine, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jing Han
- Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ji-Zhou Zhang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qing Xiao
- Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jing-Yan Chen
- Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Juan Hu
- Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.,School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Li-Dian Chen
- Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.,School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
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14
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Sun S, Chai S, Zhang F, Lu L. Overexpressed microRNA-103a-3p inhibits acute lower-extremity deep venous thrombosis via inhibition of CXCL12. IUBMB Life 2019; 72:492-504. [PMID: 31613419 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) participate in almost all pathological and physiological processes including acute lower-extremity deep venous thrombosis (LEDVT). Here, this study was designed to elucidate the possible function of miR-103a-3p in acute LEDVT. Expression of miR-103a-3p and chemokine C-X-C motif ligand 12 (CXCL12) was initially quantified in plasma collected from 81 LEDVT patients. Then LEDVT mouse models were established by injection with 3% sodium pentobarbital. The interaction between miR-103a-3p and CXCL12 was identified by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. After gain- and loss-of-function studies, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8 and tissue factor (TF) levels, and expression of plasminogen activator inhibitors (PAIs), von Willebrand factor (vWF), thromboxane A2 (TH-A2), F4/80, IL-12, Arginase-1 (Arg-1) and CD206 were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blot analysis, respectively. miR-103a-3p was downregulated, while CXCL12 was upregulated in patients and mice with LEDVT. miR-103a-3p targets CXCL12 and inhibited its expression. Overexpressed miR-103a-3p or downregulated CXCL12 decreased expression of IL-6, IL-8, TF, PAIs, vWF, TH-A2, M1 markers (IL-6 and IL-12), yet increased expression of M2 markers (Arg-1 and CD206) in LEDVT mice. Additionally, upregulated miR-103a-3p or silencing CXCL12 suppressed thrombosis in LEDVT mice. However, overexpression of CXCL12 reversed the tendency mentioned above. Altogether, miR-103a-3p can potentially downregulate CXCL12 expression to disrupt inflammatory response and thrombosis, ultimately preventing the development of LEDVT. Our findings underscore a possible alternative therapeutic strategy to limit LEDVT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoliang Sun
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanyi Chai
- Department of General Surgery, Liaocheng Dongchangfu People's Hospital, Liaocheng, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of Chest Cardiovascular Surgery, Liaocheng Gaotang People's Hospital, Liaocheng, People's Republic of China
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15
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Simioni C, Zauli G, Martelli AM, Vitale M, Sacchetti G, Gonelli A, Neri LM. Oxidative stress: role of physical exercise and antioxidant nutraceuticals in adulthood and aging. Oncotarget 2018; 9:17181-17198. [PMID: 29682215 PMCID: PMC5908316 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical exercise is considered to be one of the beneficial factors of a proper lifestyle and is nowadays seen as an indispensable element for good health, able to lower the risk of disorders of the cardiovascular, endocrine and osteomuscular apparatus, immune system diseases and the onset of potential neoplasms. A moderate and programmed physical exercise has often been reported to be therapeutic both in the adulthood and in aging, since capable to promote fitness. Regular exercise alleviates the negative effects caused by free radicals and offers many health benefits, including reduced risk of all-cause mortality, sarcopenia in the skeletal muscle, chronic disease, and premature death in elderly people. However, physical performance is also known to induce oxidative stress, inflammation, and muscle fatigue. Many efforts have been carried out to identify micronutrients and natural compounds, also known as nutraceuticals, able to prevent or attenuate the exercise-induced oxidative stress and inflammation. The aim of this review is to discuss the benefits deriving from a constant physical activity and by the intake of antioxidant compounds to protect the body from oxidative stress. The attention will be focused mainly on three natural antioxidants, which are quercetin, resveratrol and curcumin. Their properties and activity will be described, as well as their benefits on physical activity and on aging, which is expected to increase through the years and can get favorable benefits from a constant exercise activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Simioni
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giorgio Zauli
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alberto M. Martelli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Vitale
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- CoreLab, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Gianni Sacchetti
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Pharmaceutical Biology Laboratory, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Arianna Gonelli
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Luca M. Neri
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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