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Ibitoye O, Ibrahim MAA, Soliman MES. Exploring the composition of protein-ligand binding sites for cancerous inhibitor of PP2A (CIP2A) by inhibitor guided binding analysis: paving a new way for the Discovery of drug candidates against triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2023; 43:133-143. [PMID: 38166612 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2023.2298903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is associated with high-grade invasive carcinoma leading to a 10% to 15% death rate in younger premenopausal women. Targeting cancerous inhibitors of protein phosphatase (CIP2A) has been a highly effective approach for exploring therapeutic drug candidates. Lapatinib, a dual tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has shown promising inhibition properties by inducing apoptosis in TNBC carcinogenesis in vivo. Despite knowledge of the 3D structure of CIP2A, no reports provide insight into CIP2A ligand binding sites. To this effect, we conducted in silico site identification guided by lapatinib binding. Four of the five sites identified were cross-validated, and the stem domain revealed more excellent ligand binding affinity. The binding affinity of lapatinib in these sites was further computed using the Molecular Mechanics/Poisson-Boltzmann Surface Area (MM/PBSA) approach. According to MM/PBSA//200 ns MD simulations, lapatinib exhibited a higher binding affinity against CIP2A in site 2 with ΔG critical values of -37.1 kcal/mol. The steadiness and tightness of lapatinib with CIP2A inside the stem domain disclosed glutamic acid-318 as the culprit amino acid with the highest electrostatic energy. These results provide clear information on the CIP2A domain capable of ligand binding and validate lapatinib as a promising CIP2A inhibitor in TNBC carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwayimika Ibitoye
- Molecular Bio-Computation and Drug Design Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Center for Bioinformatics and Drug Design, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Nigeria
| | - Mahmoud A A Ibrahim
- Molecular Bio-Computation and Drug Design Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia,Egypt
| | - Mahmoud E S Soliman
- Molecular Bio-Computation and Drug Design Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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2
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Chen D, Fan S, Wang J, Liang Y, Li P, Lv X, Sun Y, Wang Q, Liu H, Zhang C, Yi Y. Cip2a induces arginine biosynthesis and promotes tumor progression in non-small cell lung cancer. Mol Carcinog 2023; 62:561-572. [PMID: 36705466 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (Cip2a) is an oncoprotein, playing important roles in tumor progression. However, the underlying mechanisms by which Cip2a promotes tumor aggressiveness in NSCLC remain to be further investigated. In this study, we found that Cip2a expression is elevated in NSCLC and correlates with poor prognosis. Knockdown of Cip2a significantly reduced the ability of cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of NSCLC both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we found that Cip2a promotes tumor progression partly by inducing arginine biosynthesis, and knockdown of Cip2a exhibited a significantly increased sensitivity to arginine deprivation and mTOR inhibition. In addition, we found that p53 mutants in NSCLC cells increased Cip2a expression by inhibiting the activity of wild-type p53. Our findings provide new insights into the mechanisms of Cip2a in promoting tumor progression and suggest that Cip2a represents a potential therapeutic target for treating NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyang Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of "Translational Medicine on Malignant Tumor Treatment", Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Siwen Fan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of "Translational Medicine on Malignant Tumor Treatment", Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanqing Liang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Pan Li
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of "Translational Medicine on Malignant Tumor Treatment", Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinwu Lv
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanqin Sun
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of "Translational Medicine on Malignant Tumor Treatment", Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of "Translational Medicine on Malignant Tumor Treatment", Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chuantao Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yanmei Yi
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
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3
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Zhao YX, Ma LB, Yang Z, Wang F, Wang HY, Dang JY. Cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A enhances chemoresistance of gastric cancer cells to oxaliplatin. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2023; 15:286-302. [PMID: 36908323 PMCID: PMC9994047 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v15.i2.286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A) is a newly discovered oncogene. It is an active cell proliferation regulatory factor that inhibits tumor apoptosis in gastric cancer (GC) cells. CIP2A is functionally related to chemoresistance in various types of tumors according to recent studies. The underlying mechanism, however, is unknown. Further, the primary treatment regimen for GC is oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy. Nonetheless, it often fails due to chemoresistance of GC cells to oxaliplatin.
AIM The goal of this study was to examine CIP2A expression and its association with oxaliplatin resistance in human GC cells.
METHODS Immunohistochemistry was used to examine CIP2A expression in GC tissues and adjacent normal tissues. CIP2A expression in GC cell lines was reduced using small interfering RNA. After confirming the silencing efficiency, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide tetrazolium and flow cytometry assays were used to evaluate cell proliferation and apoptosis caused by oxaliplatin treatment. Further, the key genes and protein changes were verified using real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR and Western blotting, respectively, before and after intervention. For bioinformatics analysis, we used the R software and Bioconductor project. For statistical analysis, we used GraphPad Prism 6.0 and the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software version 20.0 (IBM, Armonk, United States).
RESULTS A high level of CIP2A expression was associated with tumor size, T stage, lymph node metastasis, Tumor Node Metastasis stage, and a poor prognosis. Further, CIP2A expression was higher in GC cells than in normal human gastric epithelial cells. Using small interfering RNA against CIP2A, we discovered that CIP2A knockdown inhibited cell proliferation and significantly increased GC cell sensitivity to oxaliplatin. Moreover, CIP2A knockdown enhanced oxaliplatin-induced apoptosis in GC cells. Hence, high CIP2A levels in GC may be a factor in chemoresistance to oxaliplatin. In human GC cells, CIP2A regulated protein kinase B phosphorylation, and chemical inhibition of the protein kinase B signaling pathway was significantly associated with increased sensitivity to oxaliplatin. Therefore, the protein kinase B signaling pathway was correlated with CIP2A-enhanced chemoresistance of human GC cells to oxaliplatin.
CONCLUSION CIP2A expression could be a novel therapeutic strategy for chemoresistance in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Xun Zhao
- The Seventh Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Li-Bin Ma
- The Seventh Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Ze Yang
- The Seventh Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Hui-Ying Wang
- The First Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Jia-Yao Dang
- The First Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
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4
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Chen B, Hu H, Chen X. From Basic Science to Clinical Practice: The Role of Cancerous Inhibitor of Protein Phosphatase 2A (CIP2A)/p90 in Cancer. Front Genet 2023; 14:1110656. [PMID: 36911405 PMCID: PMC9998691 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1110656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A), initially reported as a tumor-associated antigen (known as p90), is highly expressed in most solid and hematological tumors. The interaction of CIP2A/p90, protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), and c-Myc can hinder the function of PP2A toward c-Myc S62 induction, thus stabilizing c-Myc protein, which represents a potential role of CIP2A/p90 in tumorigeneses such as cell proliferation, invasion, and migration, as well as cancer drug resistance. The signaling pathways and regulation networks of CIP2A/p90 are complex and not yet fully understood. Many previous studies have also demonstrated that CIP2A/p90 can be used as a potential therapeutic cancer target. In addition, the autoantibody against CIP2A/p90 in sera may be used as a promising biomarker in the diagnosis of certain types of cancer. In this Review, we focus on recent advances relating to CIP2A/p90 and their implications for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Precision Therapy of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Huihui Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Precision Therapy of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaobing Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Precision Therapy of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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5
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The Pivotal Role of Protein Phosphatase 2A (PP2A) in Brain Tumors. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415717. [PMID: 36555359 PMCID: PMC9779694 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a highly complex heterotrimeric Ser/Thr phosphatase that regulates many cellular processes. PP2A is dysregulated in several human diseases, including oncological pathology; interestingly, PP2A appears to be essential for controlling cell growth and may be involved in cancer development. The role of PP2A as a tumor suppressor has been extensively studied and reviewed. To leverage the potential clinical utility of combination PP2A inhibition and radiotherapy treatment, it is vital that novel highly specific PP2A inhibitors be developed. In this review, the existing literature on the role of PP2A in brain tumors, especially in gliomas and glioblastoma (GBM), was analyzed. Interestingly, the review focused on the role of PP2A inhibitors, focusing on CIP2A inhibition, as CIP2A participated in tumor cell growth by stimulating cell-renewal survival, cellular proliferation, evasion of senescence and inhibition of apoptosis. This review suggested CIP2A inhibition as a promising strategy in oncology target therapy.
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6
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Mohammadinejad A, Mohajeri T, Aleyaghoob G, Heidarian F, Kazemi Oskuee R. Ellagic acid as a potent anticancer drug: A comprehensive review on in vitro, in vivo, in silico, and drug delivery studies. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2022; 69:2323-2356. [PMID: 34846078 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Ellagic acid as a polyphenol or micronutrient, which can be naturally found in different vegetables and fruits, has gained considerable attention for cancer therapy due to considerable biological activities and different molecular targets. Ellagic acid with low hydrolysis and lipophilic and hydrophobic nature is not able to be absorbed in circulation. So, accumulation inside the intestinal epithelial cells or metabolization to other urolithins leads to the limitation of direct evaluation of EA effects in clinical studies. This review focuses on the studies which supported anticancer activity of pure or fruit-extracted ellagic acid through in vitro, in vivo, in silico, and drug delivery methods. The results demonstrate ellagic acid modulates the expression of various genes incorporated in the cancer-related process of apoptosis and proliferation, inflammation related-gens, and oxidative-related genes. Moreover, the ellagic acid formulation in carriers composed of lipid, silica, chitosan, iron- bovine serum albumin nanoparticles obviously enhanced the stable release and confident delivery with minimum loss. Also, in silico analysis proved that ellagic acid was able to be placed at a position of cocrystal ADP, in the deep cavity of the protein target, and tightly interact with binding pocket residues leading to suppression of substrate availability of protein and its activation inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Mohammadinejad
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Taraneh Mohajeri
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Mashhad Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Aleyaghoob
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Heidarian
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reza Kazemi Oskuee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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7
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Brink H, van Senten JR, De Vries-van Leeuwen IJ, da Costa Pereira D, Piersma SR, Jimenez CR, Centorrino F, Ottmann C, Siderius M, Smit MJ, de Boer AH. Fusicoccin-A Targets Cancerous Inhibitor of Protein Phosphatase 2A by Stabilizing a C-Terminal Interaction with 14-3-3. ACS Chem Biol 2022; 17:2972-2978. [PMID: 36255265 PMCID: PMC9679992 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.2c00299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A) is an oncoprotein found overexpressed in many types of cancer. CIP2A has been shown to stabilize oncoproteins such as cMYC by shielding them from PP2A-mediated dephosphorylation. Here we report that the penultimate residue Ser904 in the C-terminus of CIP2A can be phosphorylated to create a binding site for the regulatory protein 14-3-3. We demonstrate that 14-3-3 is a new interaction partner of CIP2A. The 14-3-3/CIP2A C-terminal interaction complex can be targeted by the protein-protein interaction (PPI) stabilizer fusicoccin-A (FC-A), resulting in enhanced levels of phosphorylated Ser904. FC-A treatment of TNBC cells leads to the increased association of CIP2A with 14-3-3. We show that the composite interface between 14 and 3-3 and CIP2A's C-terminus can be targeted by the PPI stabilizer FC-A, providing a new interface that could potentially be exploited to modulate CIP2A's activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik
J. Brink
- Amsterdam
Institute for Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Division of Medicinal
Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1108, Amsterdam 1081 HZ, The Netherlands
| | - Jeffrey R. van Senten
- Amsterdam
Institute for Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Division of Medicinal
Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1108, Amsterdam 1081 HZ, The Netherlands
| | - Ingrid J. De Vries-van Leeuwen
- Amsterdam
Institute for Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Division of Medicinal
Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1108, Amsterdam 1081 HZ, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel da Costa Pereira
- Amsterdam
Institute for Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Division of Medicinal
Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1108, Amsterdam 1081 HZ, The Netherlands
| | - Sander R. Piersma
- OncoProteomics
Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Center (VUmc), 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Connie R. Jimenez
- OncoProteomics
Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Center (VUmc), 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Federica Centorrino
- Laboratory
of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven
University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Ottmann
- Laboratory
of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven
University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Marco Siderius
- Amsterdam
Institute for Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Division of Medicinal
Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1108, Amsterdam 1081 HZ, The Netherlands
| | - Martine J. Smit
- Amsterdam
Institute for Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Division of Medicinal
Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1108, Amsterdam 1081 HZ, The Netherlands
| | - Albertus H. de Boer
- Amsterdam
Institute for Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Division of Medicinal
Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1108, Amsterdam 1081 HZ, The Netherlands,
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8
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Oct4 facilitates chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells by mediating CIP2A expression. Cell Tissue Res 2022; 389:11-21. [PMID: 35435493 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-022-03619-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Bone development and cartilage formation require strict modulation of gene expression for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to progress through their differentiation stages. Octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (Oct4) expression is generally restricted to developing embryonic pluripotent cells, but its role in chondrogenic differentiation (CD) of MSCs remains unclear. We therefore investigated the role of Oct4 in CD using a microarray, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and western blotting. The expression of Oct4 was elevated when the CD of cultured MSCs was induced. Silencing Oct4 damaged MSC growth and proliferation and decreased CD, indicated by decreased cartilage matrix formation and the expression of Col2a1, Col10a1, Acan, and Sox9. We found a positive correlation between the expression of CIP2A, a natural inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) and that of Oct4. Cellular inhibitor of PP2A (CIP2A) expression gradually increased after CD. Overexpression of CIP2A in MSCs with Oct4 depletion promoted cartilage matrix deposition as well as Col2a1, Col10a1, Acan, and Sox9 expression. The chondrogenic induction triggered c-Myc, Akt, ERK, and MEK phosphorylation and upregulated c-Myc and mTOR expression, which was downregulated upon Oct4 knockdown and restored by CIP2A overexpression. These findings indicated that Oct4 functions as an essential chondrogenesis regulator, partly via the CIP2A/PP2A pathway.
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9
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Luque M, Cristóbal I, Sanz-Álvarez M, Santos A, Zazo S, Eroles P, Arpí O, Rovira A, Albanell J, Madoz-Gúrpide J, García-Foncillas J, Rojo F. CIP2A as a Key Regulator for AKT Phosphorylation Has Partial Impact Determining Clinical Outcome in Breast Cancer. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11061610. [PMID: 35329936 PMCID: PMC8955826 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11061610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Together with its reported ability to modulate AKT phosphorylation (p-AKT) status in several tumor types, the oncoprotein CIP2A has been described to induce breast cancer progression and drug resistance. However, the clinical and therapeutic relevance of the CIP2A/AKT interplay in breast cancer remains to be fully clarified. Here, we found high p-AKT levels in 80 out of 220 cases (36.4%), which were associated with negative estrogen receptor expression (p = 0.049) and CIP2A overexpression (p < 0.001). Interestingly, p-AKT determined substantially shorter overall (p = 0.002) and progression-free survival (p = 0.003), and multivariate analyses showed its CIP2A-independent prognostic value. Moreover, its clinical relevance was further confirmed in the triple negative and HER2-positive subgroups after stratifying our series by molecular subtype. Functionally, we confirmed in vitro the role of CIP2A as a regulator of p-AKT levels in breast cancer cell lines, and the importance of the CIP2A/AKT axis was also validated in vivo. Finally, p-AKT also showed a higher predictive value of response to doxorubicin than CIP2A in ex vivo analyses. In conclusion, our findings suggest that CIP2A overexpression is a key contributing event to AKT phosphorylation and highlights the CIP2A/AKT axis as a promising therapeutic target in breast cancer. However, our observations highlight the existence of alternative mechanisms that regulate AKT signaling in a subgroup of breast tumors without altered CIP2A expression that determines its independent value as a marker of poor outcome in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melani Luque
- Pathology Department, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Diaz-UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.L.); (M.S.-Á.); (S.Z.); (J.M.-G.)
| | - Ion Cristóbal
- Cancer Unit for Research on Novel Therapeutic Targets, Oncohealth Institute, ISS-FJD-UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Translational Oncology Division, Oncohealth Institute, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Diaz-UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence: (I.C.); (F.R.); Tel.: +34-915-504-800 (I.C. & F.R.)
| | - Marta Sanz-Álvarez
- Pathology Department, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Diaz-UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.L.); (M.S.-Á.); (S.Z.); (J.M.-G.)
| | - Andrea Santos
- Cancer Unit for Research on Novel Therapeutic Targets, Oncohealth Institute, ISS-FJD-UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Translational Oncology Division, Oncohealth Institute, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Diaz-UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Sandra Zazo
- Pathology Department, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Diaz-UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.L.); (M.S.-Á.); (S.Z.); (J.M.-G.)
| | - Pilar Eroles
- Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Oriol Arpí
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital del Mar, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (O.A.); (A.R.); (J.A.)
| | - Ana Rovira
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital del Mar, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (O.A.); (A.R.); (J.A.)
| | - Joan Albanell
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital del Mar, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (O.A.); (A.R.); (J.A.)
| | - Juan Madoz-Gúrpide
- Pathology Department, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Diaz-UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.L.); (M.S.-Á.); (S.Z.); (J.M.-G.)
| | - Jesús García-Foncillas
- Translational Oncology Division, Oncohealth Institute, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Diaz-UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Federico Rojo
- Pathology Department, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Diaz-UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.L.); (M.S.-Á.); (S.Z.); (J.M.-G.)
- Correspondence: (I.C.); (F.R.); Tel.: +34-915-504-800 (I.C. & F.R.)
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10
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Son HE, Jang WG. Cip2A modulates osteogenic differentiation via the ERK-Runx2 pathway in MG63 cells. Biofactors 2021; 47:658-664. [PMID: 34077593 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (Cip2A) is an oncoprotein that promotes the development of several types of cancer. However, its molecular function in osteoblast differentiation remains unclear. In this study, we found that Cip2A was upregulated under osteogenic conditions in MG63 cells. Besides, overexpression of Cip2A significantly increased the expression of Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Inversely, the knockdown of Cip2A in MG63 cells suppressed osteoblast differentiation. Cip2A expression during osteogenic differentiation was mediated by extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation. Taken together, our results suggest that Cip2A plays important role in regulating osteoblast differentiation by inducing ERK phosphorylation in MG63 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Eun Son
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering, Daegu University, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Anti-Aging, Daegu University, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Gu Jang
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering, Daegu University, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Anti-Aging, Daegu University, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
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11
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Mahoney KE, Shabanowitz J, Hunt DF. MHC Phosphopeptides: Promising Targets for Immunotherapy of Cancer and Other Chronic Diseases. Mol Cell Proteomics 2021; 20:100112. [PMID: 34129940 PMCID: PMC8724925 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2021.100112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Major histocompatibility complex-associated peptides have been considered as potential immunotherapeutic targets for many years. MHC class I phosphopeptides result from dysregulated cell signaling pathways that are common across cancers and both viral and bacterial infections. These antigens are recognized by central memory T cells from healthy donors, indicating that they are considered antigenic by the immune system and that they are presented across different individuals and diseases. Based on these responses and the similar dysregulation, phosphorylated antigens are promising candidates for prevention or treatment of different cancers as well as a number of other chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keira E Mahoney
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Jeffrey Shabanowitz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
| | - Donald F Hunt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
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12
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Depletion of CIP2A inhibits the proliferation, migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of glioma cells. Brain Res Bull 2021; 173:14-21. [PMID: 33892085 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2021.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
CIP2A is an oncoprotein that is overexpressed in multiple solid tumours and some malignant haematologic disorders. However, its function in glioma is poorly understood. In this study, our results demonstrated that the expression of CIP2A was higher in glioma tissues than in normal tissues. Using tissue microarrays for immunohistochemistry, we found that the intensity of CIP2A expression was higher in high-grade gliomas (grade III-IV) than in low-grade gliomas (grade I-II). In addition, we found that depletion of CIP2A inhibited glioma cell proliferation, migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vitro. Taken together, our findings revealed that CIP2A was involved in glioma progression, indicating that CIP2A could be used as a potential therapeutic target in the future.
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13
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Bhowmick S, Roy K, Saha A. Exploring CIP2A modulators using multiple molecular modeling approaches. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 40:1048-1063. [PMID: 32930061 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1821781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shovonlal Bhowmick
- Department of Chemical Technology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Kunal Roy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Drug Theoretics and Cheminformatics Laboratory, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Achintya Saha
- Department of Chemical Technology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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14
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Association of the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) with Cisplatin Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21114002. [PMID: 32503307 PMCID: PMC7312011 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21114002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapy resistance is a characteristic of cancer cells that significantly reduces the effectiveness of drugs. Despite the popularity of cisplatin (CP) as a chemotherapeutic agent, which is widely used in the treatment of various types of cancer, resistance of cancer cells to CP chemotherapy has been extensively observed. Among various reported mechanism(s), the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) process can significantly contribute to chemoresistance by converting the motionless epithelial cells into mobile mesenchymal cells and altering cell–cell adhesion as well as the cellular extracellular matrix, leading to invasion of tumor cells. By analyzing the impact of the different molecular pathways such as microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, nuclear factor-κB (NF-ĸB), phosphoinositide 3-kinase-related protein kinase (PI3K)/Akt, mammalian target rapamycin (mTOR), and Wnt, which play an important role in resistance exhibited to CP therapy, we first give an introduction about the EMT mechanism and its role in drug resistance. We then focus specifically on the molecular pathways involved in drug resistance and the pharmacological strategies that can be used to mitigate this resistance. Overall, we highlight the various targeted signaling pathways that could be considered in future studies to pave the way for the inhibition of EMT-mediated resistance displayed by tumor cells in response to CP exposure.
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15
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Alzahrani R, Alrehaili AA, Gharib AF, Anjum F, Ismail KA, Elsawy WH. Cancerous Inhibitor of Protein Phosphatase 2A as a Molecular Marker for Aggressiveness and Survival in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Cancer Prev 2020; 25:21-26. [PMID: 32266176 PMCID: PMC7113414 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2020.25.1.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A) has been identified as one of the most commonly altered proteins in human cancers. It blocks the tumor-suppressive action of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) complex and enhances malignancy. Thirty-five patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity underwent surgical resection of the tumor. CIP2A was assessed by quantitative real-time PCR in the resected tumor tissues and in their adjacent normal tissues. CIP2A was found to be overexpressed in all oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) specimens in comparison to their surrounding normal tissue. CIP2A overexpression was statistically correlated with poor prognostic feature of the tumor. Thus, a high expression level of CIP2A was associated with shorter survival. In conclusion, CIP2A is upregulated in OSCC, and its overexpression is correlated with aggressiveness of the tumor and poor outcome and survival. It may serve as a prognostic marker of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajab Alzahrani
- Department of Surgery, Medical College, Albaha University, Al Baha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amani A Alrehaili
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal F Gharib
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Farah Anjum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khadiga A Ismail
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Wael H Elsawy
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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16
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Khan MM, Ullah U, Khan MH, Kong L, Moulder R, Välikangas T, Bhosale SD, Komsi E, Rasool O, Chen Z, Elo LL, Westermarck J, Lahesmaa R. CIP2A Constrains Th17 Differentiation by Modulating STAT3 Signaling. iScience 2020; 23:100947. [PMID: 32171124 PMCID: PMC7068643 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.100947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancerous Inhibitor of Protein Phosphatase 2A (CIP2A) is an oncogene and a potential cancer therapy target protein. Accordingly, a better understanding of the physiological function of CIP2A, especially in the context of immune cells, is a prerequisite for its exploitation in cancer therapy. Here, we report that CIP2A negatively regulates interleukin (IL)-17 production by Th17 cells in human and mouse. Interestingly, concomitant with increased IL-17 production, CIP2A-deficient Th17 cells had increased strength and duration of STAT3 phosphorylation. We analyzed the interactome of phosphorylated STAT3 in CIP2A-deficient and CIP2A-sufficient Th17 cells and indicated together with genome-wide gene expression profiling, a role of Acylglycerol Kinase (AGK) in the regulation of Th17 differentiation by CIP2A. We demonstrated that CIP2A regulates the strength of the interaction between AGK and STAT3, and thereby modulates STAT3 phosphorylation and expression of IL-17 in Th17 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Moin Khan
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6A, Turku, Finland; Turku Doctoral Programme of Molecular Medicine (TuDMM), University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Ubaid Ullah
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6A, Turku, Finland
| | - Meraj H Khan
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6A, Turku, Finland
| | - Lingjia Kong
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6A, Turku, Finland; The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA; Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Robert Moulder
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6A, Turku, Finland
| | - Tommi Välikangas
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6A, Turku, Finland; Doctoral Programme in Mathematics and Computer Sciences (MATTI), University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Santosh Dilip Bhosale
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6A, Turku, Finland
| | - Elina Komsi
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6A, Turku, Finland
| | - Omid Rasool
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6A, Turku, Finland
| | - Zhi Chen
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6A, Turku, Finland; Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu
| | - Laura L Elo
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6A, Turku, Finland
| | - Jukka Westermarck
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6A, Turku, Finland; Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Riitta Lahesmaa
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6A, Turku, Finland.
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Feng FF, Cheng P, Sun C, Wang H, Wang W. Inhibitory effects of polyphyllins I and VII on human cisplatin-resistant NSCLC via p53 upregulation and CIP2A/AKT/mTOR signaling axis inhibition. Chin J Nat Med 2020; 17:768-777. [PMID: 31703757 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(19)30093-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A) is a human oncoprotein that is overexpressed in multiple kinds of cancers including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). CIP2A plays an 'oncogenic nexus' to participate in the tumorigenesis and chemoresistance in several cancer types. AKT and mTORC1 overactivation are detected in NSCLC and many other cancers. Previous studies found that the CIP2A/AKT/mTOR pathway controls cell growth, apoptosis, autophagy process. Polyphyllin I (PPI) and polyphyllin VII (PPVII) are natural components extracted from Paris polyphylla that display anti-cancer properties. In the present study, we investigated whether PPI and PPVII can be used in the cisplatin (DDP)-resistant human NSCLC cell line A549/DDP. Results demonstrated that PPI and PPVII treatment significantly suppressed A549/DDP cell proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT, induced apoptosis and autophagy. Further examination of the mechanism revealed that the PPI and PPVII significantly upregulated the p53, induced caspase-dependent apoptosis and suppressed the CIP2A/AKT/mTOR pathway. The activation of autophagy was mediated through PPI and PPVII induced inhibition of mTOR. We propose that PPI and PPVII might be developed as candidate drugs for DDP-resistant NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Fei Feng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Department of Neural Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China
| | - Chao Sun
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China.
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18
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Shentu YP, Hu WT, Liang JW, Liuyang ZY, Wei H, Qun W, Wang XC, Wang JZ, Westermarck J, Liu R. Genistein Decreases APP/tau Phosphorylation and Ameliorates Aβ Overproduction Through Inhibiting CIP2A. Curr Alzheimer Res 2019; 16:732-740. [DOI: 10.2174/1567205016666190830113420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Upregulation of Cancerous Inhibitor of PP2A (CIP2A) plays an important role
in disease-related phosphorylation of tau/APP and tau pathology/Aβ overproduction through inhibiting
PP2A in AD brain. Genistein has been shown to potently reduce CIP2A in experimental cancer treatment
research. Whether Genistein can ameliorate AD pathology through targeting CIP2A needs further investigation.
Methods:
The inhibitory effects of Genistein on tau/APP phosphorylation and Aβ overproduction in AD
cell models have been explored. HEK293-T cells were co-transfected with CIP2A and APP plasmids, or
CIP2A and tau plasmids, with Genistein incubation at 0, 30, 60 or 120 µM for 48 h, cell viability and
PP2A activities were measured. HEK293-T cells with CIP2A/APP overexpression treated with Genistein
at 30 µM for 48 h were collected and lyzed for Western blotting detection of CIP2A, PP2Ac, APP-T668,
total APP, PS1, BACE1, sAPPα and sAPPβ. Aβ40 and Aβ42 levels in cell supernatant, soluble fraction
(RIPA) and insoluble fraction (formic acid soluble) of cell lysates were measured by ELISA. HEK293-T
cells with CIP2A/tau overexpression treated with Genistein at 30 µM for 48 h were collected for Western
blotting detection of CIP2A, PP2Ac, tau-S396, tau-S404 and total tau.
Conclusion:
CIP2A is a target of Genistein in AD therapy. Genistein reduces APP/tau hyperphosphorylation
and Aβ production through inhibiting the effect of CIP2A on PP2A.
Results:
Genistein effectively reduced CIP2A expression, and restored PP2A activities both in
CIP2A/APP, CIP2A/tau co-expressed cells. Genistein reduced APP phosphorylation at T668 site and
inhibited Aβ production. Meantime, Genistein ameliorated tau hyperphosphorylation through repressing
the inhibitory effect of CIP2A on PP2A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Ping Shentu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Neurological Disorders, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen-Ting Hu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Neurological Disorders, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia-Wei Liang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Neurological Disorders, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Liuyang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Neurological Disorders, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Wei
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Neurological Disorders, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wang Qun
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Neurological Disorders, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Chuan Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Neurological Disorders, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian-Zhi Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Neurological Disorders, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jukka Westermarck
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Rong Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Neurological Disorders, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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19
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Feng F, Cheng P, Wang C, Wang Y, Wang W. Polyphyllin I and VII potentiate the chemosensitivity of A549/DDP cells to cisplatin by enhancing apoptosis, reversing EMT and suppressing the CIP2A/AKT/mTOR signaling axis. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:5428-5436. [PMID: 31612051 PMCID: PMC6781722 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Poor response and resistance to cisplatin (DDP)-based chemotherapy frequently leads to treatment failure in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The underlying molecular mechanism is extremely complex and currently remains unclear. The overexpression of cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A) indicates poor prognosis and promotes the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis. The EMT has been reported to promote drug resistance in numerous previous studies. CIP2A and its downstream protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway also plays a role in mediating DDP resistance. Polyphyllin I (PPI) and polyphyllin VII (PPVII) are natural components extracted from Paris polyphylla that display anti-cancer properties. In the present study, the chemosensitizing effects of PPI and PPVII were investigated in the DDP-resistant NSCLC cell line A549/DDP, as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms. The results demonstrated that PPI and PPVII could significantly inhibit cell proliferation and enhance the sensitivities of A549/DDP cells to DDP. When assessing the underlying molecular mechanism, it was revealed that PPI and PPVII enhanced DDP-induced apoptosis in A549/DDP cells via p53 upregulation and the caspase-dependent pathway. Furthermore, PPI and PPVII reversed the EMT and suppressed CIP2A and its downstream AKT/mTOR signaling cascade in A549/DDP cells. Overall, the results from the present study demonstrated that PPI and PPVII may function as chemosensitizers by enhancing apoptosis via the p53 pathway, reversing EMT and suppressing the CIP2A/AKT/mTOR signaling axis, and the combination with DDP may be a promising strategy for the development of new therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Feng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Department of Neural Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Chaochao Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Yongbin Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
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20
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Prognostic Significance of CIP2A in Esophagogastric Junction Adenocarcinoma: A Study of 65 Patients and a Meta-Analysis. DISEASE MARKERS 2019; 2019:2312439. [PMID: 31534561 PMCID: PMC6724434 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2312439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background The expression of the cancerous inhibitor protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A) appears to be predictive of the prognosis of various solid tumors. However, the association between this protein and the risk of esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma (EGJA) remains unclear. We investigated CIP2A expression and its clinical significance in EGJA and conducted a meta-analysis to explore the relationship between CIP2A and the prognosis of patients with solid tumors. Methods Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to detect the expression of CIP2A in EGJA. Kaplan-Meier estimation, Cox analysis, and ROC curves were performed to analyze the survival of patients and the prognostic factors. In the meta-analysis, we searched relevant publications in several widely used databases and used 15 studies (2348 patients). Results IHC demonstrated that CIP2A was elevated in EGJA and correlated with poor survival as an independent indicator. It could forecast the survival more precisely when combined with the grade, which is another independent prognosis marker of EGJA. Meta-analysis demonstrated that the associations between the expression of CIP2A and the prognosis were detected for overall survival (HR = 1.98, 95%CI = 1.69‐2.32), disease-specific survival (HR = 1.72, 95%CI = 1.50‐1.97), and time to tumor progression (pooled HR = 1.95, 95%CI = 1.56‐2.43). Conclusion High expression of CIP2A was a poor indicator of the prognosis of EGJA, and CIP2A may be a new biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of EGJA. The meta-analysis suggested that CIP2A expression can be a predictive marker of overall survival, disease-specific survival, and time to tumor progression in patients with solid tumors.
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Remmerie M, Janssens V. PP2A: A Promising Biomarker and Therapeutic Target in Endometrial Cancer. Front Oncol 2019; 9:462. [PMID: 31214504 PMCID: PMC6558005 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade, the use of targeted therapies has immensely increased in the treatment of cancer. However, treatment for endometrial carcinomas (ECs) has lagged behind, although potential molecular markers have been identified. This is particularly problematic for the type II ECs, since these aggressive tumors are usually not responsive toward the current standard therapies. Therefore, type II ECs are responsible for most EC-related deaths, indicating the need for new treatment options. Interestingly, molecular analyses of type II ECs have uncovered frequent genetic alterations (up to 40%) in PPP2R1A, encoding the Aα subunit of the tumor suppressive heterotrimeric protein phosphatase type 2A (PP2A). PPP2R1A mutations were also reported in type I ECs and other common gynecologic cancers, albeit at much lower frequencies (0-7%). Nevertheless, PP2A inactivation in the latter cancer types is common via other mechanisms, in particular by increased expression of Cancerous Inhibitor of PP2A (CIP2A) and PP2A Methylesterase-1 (PME-1) proteins. In this review, we discuss the therapeutic potential of direct and indirect PP2A targeting compounds, possibly in combination with other anti-cancer drugs, in EC. Furthermore, we investigate the potential of the PP2A status as a predictive and/or prognostic marker for type I and II ECs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Veerle Janssens
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation and Proteomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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22
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Liu P, Xiang Y, Liu X, Zhang T, Yang R, Chen S, Xu L, Yu Q, Zhao H, Zhang L, Liu Y, Si Y. Cucurbitacin B Induces the Lysosomal Degradation of EGFR and Suppresses the CIP2A/PP2A/Akt Signaling Axis in Gefitinib-Resistant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24030647. [PMID: 30759826 PMCID: PMC6384961 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24030647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients carrying an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation are initially sensitive to EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) treatment, but soon develop an acquired resistance. The treatment effect of EGFR-TKIs-resistant NSCLC patients still faces challenges. Cucurbitacin B (CuB), a triterpene hydrocarbon compound isolated from plants of various families and genera, elicits anticancer effects in a variety of cancer types. However, whether CuB is a viable treatment option for gefitinib-resistant (GR) NSCLC remains unclear. Here, we investigated the anticancer effects and underlying mechanisms of CuB. We report that CuB inhibited the growth and invasion of GR NSCLC cells and induced apoptosis. The inhibitory effect of CuB occurred through its promotion of the lysosomal degradation of EGFR and the downregulation of the cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A/protein phosphatase 2A/Akt (CIP2A/PP2A/Akt) signaling axis. CuB and cisplatin synergistically inhibited tumor growth. A xenograft tumor model indicated that CuB inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Immunohistochemistry results further demonstrated that CuB decreased EGFR and CIP2A levels in vivo. These findings suggested that CuB could suppress the growth and invasion of GR NSCLC cells by inducing the lysosomal degradation of EGFR and by downregulating the CIP2A/PP2A/Akt signaling axis. Thus, CuB may be a new drug candidate for the treatment of GR NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
| | - Yuchen Xiang
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
| | - Xuewen Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
| | - Te Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
| | - Rui Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
| | - Sen Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
| | - Li Xu
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
| | - Qingqing Yu
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
| | - Huzi Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
| | - Liang Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
| | - Ying Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research and Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
| | - Yuan Si
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
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Targeting SET to restore PP2A activity disrupts an oncogenic CIP2A-feedforward loop and impairs triple negative breast cancer progression. EBioMedicine 2019; 40:263-275. [PMID: 30651219 PMCID: PMC6412013 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains difficult to be targeted. SET and cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A) are intrinsic protein-interacting inhibitors of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) and frequently overexpressed in cancers, whereas reactivating PP2A activity has been postulated as an anti-cancer strategy. Here we explored this strategy in TNBC. Methods Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was analyzed. TNBC cell lines were used for in vitro studies. Cell viability was examined by MTT assay. The apoptotic cells were examined by flow cytometry and Western blot. A SET-PP2A protein-protein interaction antagonist TD19 was used to disrupt signal transduction. In vivo efficacy of TD19 was tested in MDA-MB-468-xenografted animal model. Findings TCGA data revealed upregulation of SET and CIP2A and positive correlation of these two gene expressions in TNBC tumors. Ectopic SET or CIP2A increased cell viability, migration, and invasion of TNBC cells. Notably ERK inhibition increased PP2A activity. ERK activation is known crucial for Elk-1 activity, a transcriptional factor regulating CIP2A expression, we hypothesized an oncogenic feedforward loop consisting of pERK/pElk-1/CIP2A/PP2A. This loop was validated by knockdown of PP2A and ectopic expression of Elk-1, showing reciprocal changes in loop members. In addition, ectopic expression of SET increased pAkt, pERK, pElk-1 and CIP2A expressions, suggesting a positive linkage between SET and CIP2A signaling. Moreover, TD19 disrupted this CIP2A-feedforward loop by restoring PP2A activity, demonstrating in vitro and in vivo anti-cancer activity. Mechanistically, TD19 downregulated CIP2A mRNA via inhibiting pERK-mediated Elk-1 nuclear translocation thereby decreased Elk-1 binding to the CIP2A promoter. Interpretation These findings suggested that a novel oncogenic CIP2A-feedforward loop contributes to TNBC progression and targeting SET to disrupt this oncogenic CIP2A loop showed therapeutic potential in TNBC.
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24
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Allen-Petersen BL, Risom T, Feng Z, Wang Z, Jenny ZP, Thoma MC, Pelz KR, Morton JP, Sansom OJ, Lopez CD, Sheppard B, Christensen DJ, Ohlmeyer M, Narla G, Sears RC. Activation of PP2A and Inhibition of mTOR Synergistically Reduce MYC Signaling and Decrease Tumor Growth in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Cancer Res 2019; 79:209-219. [PMID: 30389701 PMCID: PMC6318036 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-0717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In cancer, kinases are often activated and phosphatases suppressed, leading to aberrant activation of signaling pathways driving cellular proliferation, survival, and therapeutic resistance. Although pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) has historically been refractory to kinase inhibition, therapeutic activation of phosphatases is emerging as a promising strategy to restore balance to these hyperactive signaling cascades. In this study, we hypothesized that phosphatase activation combined with kinase inhibition could deplete oncogenic survival signals to reduce tumor growth. We screened PDA cell lines for kinase inhibitors that could synergize with activation of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), a tumor suppressor phosphatase, and determined that activation of PP2A and inhibition of mTOR synergistically increase apoptosis and reduce oncogenic phenotypes in vitro and in vivo. This combination treatment resulted in suppression of AKT/mTOR signaling coupled with reduced expression of c-MYC, an oncoprotein implicated in tumor progression and therapeutic resistance. Forced expression of c-MYC or loss of PP2A B56α, the specific PP2A subunit shown to negatively regulate c-MYC, increased resistance to mTOR inhibition. Conversely, decreased c-MYC expression increased the sensitivity of PDA cells to mTOR inhibition. Together, these studies demonstrate that combined targeting of PP2A and mTOR suppresses proliferative signaling and induces cell death and implicates this combination as a promising therapeutic strategy for patients with PDA. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings present a combinatorial strategy targeting serine/threonine protein phosphatase PP2A and mTOR in PDA, a cancer for which there are currently no targeted therapeutic options.Graphical Abstract: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/79/1/209/F1.large.jpg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany L Allen-Petersen
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Tyler Risom
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Zipei Feng
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Zhiping Wang
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Zina P Jenny
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Mary C Thoma
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Katherine R Pelz
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Jennifer P Morton
- CRUK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Owen J Sansom
- CRUK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Charles D Lopez
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Brett Sheppard
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | | | | | - Goutham Narla
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Rosalie C Sears
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon.
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25
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Wu JH, Narayanan D, Simonette RA, Rady PL, Tyring SK. Human polyomavirus 7 (
HP
yV7)‐associated dermatoses: novel molecular mechanism driven by viral activation of 4E‐
BP
1 and
MEK
‐
ERK
‐
cJ
un. Int J Dermatol 2018; 58:383-387. [DOI: 10.1111/ijd.14315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julie H. Wu
- Department of Dermatology University of Texas Medical School Houston TX USA
- Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX USA
| | - Deepika Narayanan
- Department of Dermatology University of Texas Medical School Houston TX USA
- Rice University Houston TX USA
| | | | - Peter L. Rady
- Department of Dermatology University of Texas Medical School Houston TX USA
| | - Stephen K. Tyring
- Department of Dermatology University of Texas Medical School Houston TX USA
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26
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Duan J, Zhan JC, Wang GZ, Zhao XC, Huang WD, Zhou GB. The red wine component ellagic acid induces autophagy and exhibits anti-lung cancer activity in vitro and in vivo. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 23:143-154. [PMID: 30353639 PMCID: PMC6307804 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Red wine consists of a large amount of compounds such as resveratrol, which exhibits chemopreventive and therapeutic effects against several types of cancers by targeting cancer driver molecules. In this study, we tested the anti‐lung cancer activity of 11 red wine components and reported that a natural polyphenol compound ellagic acid (EA) inhibited lung cancer cell proliferation at an efficacy approximately equal to that of resveratrol. EA markedly increased the expression of the autophagosomal marker LC3‐II as well as inactivation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin signalling pathway. EA elevated autophagy‐associated cell death by down‐regulating the expression of cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A), and CIP2A overexpression attenuated EA‐induced autophagy of lung cancer cells. Treating tumour‐bearing mice with EA resulted in significant inhibition of tumour growth with suppression of CIP2A levels and increased autophagy. In addition, EA potentiated the inhibitory effects of the natural compound celastrol on lung cancer cells in vitro and in vivo by enhancing autophagy and down‐regulating CIP2A. These findings indicate that EA may be a promising chemotherapeutic agent for lung cancer, and that the combination of EA and celastrol may have applicability for the treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Duan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Heath, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ji-Cheng Zhan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Heath, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Gui-Zhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Chun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Dong Huang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Heath, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Guang-Biao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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27
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Zhang Y, Fang L, Zang Y, Ren J, Xu Z. CIP2A Promotes Proliferation, Invasion and Chemoresistance to Cisplatin in Renal Cell Carcinoma. J Cancer 2018; 9:4029-4038. [PMID: 30410608 PMCID: PMC6218763 DOI: 10.7150/jca.25005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
CIP2A is a well-known oncoprotein whose expression is elevated in multiple human solid tumor types. However, its role in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) development is poorly understood. Thus, in our present study, we used the renal cancer cell lines 786-O, A498 and CAKI-1 and the renal epithelial cell line HK-2 to clarify the function of CIP2A in RCC. We found that CIP2A expression is much higher in the RCC cells than in the normal renal epithelial cell. Lentivirus covered coding region CIP2A cDNA sequence and CIP2A siRNA were used to up and down regulate CIP2A expression in vitro. We found that overexpression of CIP2A promoted G1/S transition and cell proliferation. In addition, up-regulation of CIP2A significantly enhanced the invasion and migration capabilities of the cells. Furthermore, CIP2A promoted epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) and chemoresistance to cisplatin in RCC cells. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that CIP2A plays an important role in proliferation, invasion and chemoresistance to cisplatin in RCC cells. CIP2A may serve as an ideal molecular target for RCC therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhen Zhang
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107# Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan 250012, PRC
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati 45219, USA
| | - Liang Fang
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107# Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan 250012, PRC
| | - Yuanwei Zang
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107# Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan 250012, PRC
| | - Juchao Ren
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107# Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan 250012, PRC
| | - Zhonghua Xu
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107# Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan 250012, PRC
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28
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Gao F, Wang X, Chen S, Xu T, Wang X, Shen Y, Dong F, Zhong S, Shen Z. CIP2A depletion potentiates the chemosensitivity of cisplatin by inducing increased apoptosis in bladder cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2018; 40:2445-2454. [PMID: 30106121 PMCID: PMC6151887 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Poor response and chemotherapy resistance to cisplatin (DDP)-based therapy frequently lead to treatment failure in advanced bladder cancer; however the underlying mechanism is extremely complex and unclear. Furthermore, cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A), a recently identified human oncoprotein, has been shown to play important regulatory roles in cancer cell survival. The present study aimed to investigate the correlation of CIP2A with sensitivity to DDP in bladder cancer cells. In the present study, knockdown of CIP2A was performed using short hairpin-RNA. IC50 determination was used to estimate the chemosensitivity of cells to DDP. Apoptosis and DNA damage indicators were tested in vitro and in vivo to clarify the role of CIP2A in enhancing DDP sensitivity. We observed that CIP2A knockdown enhanced DDP sensitivity. CIP2A depletion accelerated the process of DNA damage caused by DDP treatment. Furthermore, DDP triggered inhibition of CIP2A by preventing AKT Ser473 phosphorylation. In vivo, CIP2A suppression increased the cytotoxicity of DDP, which resulted in a decrease in the subcutaneous tumor growth in a xenograft mouse model. Our findings revealed that the mechanism underlying the involvement of CIP2A in DDP sensitivity enhancement is that CIP2A mediates DDP-induced cell apoptosis and DNA damage. CIP2A is a potential target to improve the response to DDP-based therapy in bladder cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengbin Gao
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to The School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to The School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Shanwen Chen
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Tianyuan Xu
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to The School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Xianjin Wang
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Yifan Shen
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Fan Dong
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Shan Zhong
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Zhoujun Shen
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to The School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
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29
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Tang M, Shen JF, Li P, Zhou LN, Zeng P, Cui XX, Chen MB, Tian Y. Prognostic significance of CIP2A expression in solid tumors: A meta-analysis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199675. [PMID: 30044786 PMCID: PMC6059394 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
CIP2A, cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A, was initially recognized as an oncoprotein. Recently several studies revealed that CIP2A could function as a prognosis biomarker, however, the result remained not comprehensive, partly due to small number of patients included individually. Here we carried out a meta-analysis of published studies to assess the prognostic significance of CIP2A in solid tumors. All eligible studies were identified through searching PubMed, Embase and Web of Science database. In this meta-analysis, 22 studies involving 4,579 participants were included, and we verified that CIP2A over-expression was significantly related with poor overall survival (pooled HR = 1.844, 95% CI = 1.528–2.225, P<0.001) and short disease free survival (pooled HR = 1.808, 95% CI = 1.591–2.055, P<0.001) in solid tumors. Additionally, subgroup analysis suggested that the trend of a poor overall survival with an increased CIP2A expression was present in East-Asian and European patients, as well as in lung cancer and colorectal cancer. To sum up, CIP2A over-expression was associated with poor survival in human solid tumors and might be a predictive factor of poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Tang
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Kunshan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiao-Feng Shen
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Kunshan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Li-Na Zhou
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Kunshan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ping Zeng
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Kunshan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xi-Xi Cui
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Kunshan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Min-Bin Chen
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Kunshan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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30
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Shentu YP, Huo Y, Feng XL, Gilbert J, Zhang Q, Liuyang ZY, Wang XL, Wang G, Zhou H, Wang XC, Wang JZ, Lu YM, Westermarck J, Man HY, Liu R. CIP2A Causes Tau/APP Phosphorylation, Synaptopathy, and Memory Deficits in Alzheimer's Disease. Cell Rep 2018; 24:713-723. [PMID: 30021167 PMCID: PMC6095478 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) inhibition causes hyperphosphorylation of tau and APP in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the mechanisms underlying the downregulation of PP2A activity in AD brain remain unclear. We demonstrate that Cancerous Inhibitor of PP2A (CIP2A), an endogenous PP2A inhibitor, is overexpressed in AD brain. CIP2A-mediated PP2A inhibition drives tau/APP hyperphosphorylation and increases APP β-cleavage and Aβ production. Increase in CIP2A expression also leads to tau mislocalization to dendrites and spines and synaptic degeneration. In mice, injection of AAV-CIP2A to hippocampus induced AD-like cognitive deficits and impairments in long-term potentiation (LTP) and exacerbated AD pathologies in neurons. Indicative of disease exacerbating the feedback loop, we found that increased CIP2A expression and PP2A inhibition in AD brains result from increased Aβ production. In summary, we show that CIP2A overexpression causes PP2A inhibition and AD-related cellular pathology and cognitive deficits, pointing to CIP2A as a potential target for AD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Ping Shentu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Neurological Disorders, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuda Huo
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiao-Long Feng
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Neurological Disorders, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - James Gilbert
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Neurological Disorders, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Liuyang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Neurological Disorders, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiu-Lian Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Neurological Disorders, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guan Wang
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Huan Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Neurological Disorders, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Chuan Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Neurological Disorders, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian-Zhi Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Neurological Disorders, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - You-Ming Lu
- The Institute for Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jukka Westermarck
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland; Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Heng-Ye Man
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Rong Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Neurological Disorders, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; The Institute for Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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31
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Razi Soofiyani S, Mohammad Hoseini A, Mohammadi A, Khaze Shahgoli V, Baradaran B, Hejazi MS. siRNA-Mediated Silencing of CIP2A Enhances Docetaxel Activity Against PC-3 Prostate Cancer Cells. Adv Pharm Bull 2017; 7:637-643. [PMID: 29399554 PMCID: PMC5788219 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2017.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A) is an identified human oncoprotein which modulates malignant cell growth. It is overexpressed in human prostate cancer and in most of the human malignancies. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of CIP2A silencing on the sensitivity of PC-3 prostate cancer cells to docetaxel chemotherapy. Methods: PC-3 cells were transfected using CIP2A siRNA. CIP2A mRNA and protein expression were assessed after CIP2A gene silencing using q-RT PCR and Western blotting. Proliferation and apoptosis were analyzed after treatment with docetaxol using MTT assay, DAPI staining, and flow cytometry, respectively. Results: Silencing of CIP2A enhanced the sensitivity of PC-3 cells to docetaxel by strengthening docetaxel induced cell growth inhibition and apoptosis against PC-3 cells. Conclusion: Silencing of CIP2A may potentiate the cytotoxic effects of docetaxel and this might be a promising therapeutic approach in prostate cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saiedeh Razi Soofiyani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Ali Mohammadi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Saeid Hejazi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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32
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Balliu M, Cellai C, Lulli M, Laurenzana A, Torre E, Vannucchi AM, Paoletti F. HDAC1 controls CIP2A transcription in human colorectal cancer cells. Oncotarget 2017; 7:25862-71. [PMID: 27029072 PMCID: PMC5041950 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
This work describes the effectiveness of HDAC-inhibitor (S)-2 towards colorectal cancer (CRC) HCT116 cells in vitro by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and in vivo by contrasting tumour growth in mice xenografts. Among the multifaceted drug-induced events described herein, an interesting link has emerged between the oncoprotein histone deacetylase HDAC1 and the oncogenic Cancerous Inhibitor of Protein Phosphatase 2A (CIP2A) which is overexpressed in several cancers including CRCs. HDAC1 inhibition by (S)-2 or specific siRNAs downregulates CIP2A transcription in three different CRC cell lines, thus restoring the oncosuppressor phosphatase PP2A activity that is reduced in most cancers. Once re-activated, PP2A dephosphorylates pGSK-3β(ser9) which phosphorylates β-catenin that remains within the cytosol where it undergoes degradation. The decreased amount/activity of β-catenin transcription factor prompts cell growth arrest by diminishing c-Myc and cyclin D1 expression and abrogating the prosurvival Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. These results are the first evidence that the inhibition of HDAC1 by (S)-2 downregulates CIP2A transcription and unleashes PP2A activity, thus inducing growth arrest and apoptosis in CRC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjola Balliu
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Cristina Cellai
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio", 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Matteo Lulli
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio", 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Anna Laurenzana
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio", 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Eugenio Torre
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio", 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Paoletti
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio", 50134 Firenze, Italy
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33
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The role of CIP2A in cancer: A review and update. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 96:626-633. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.08.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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34
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Baldacchino S, Wastall LM, Saliba C, Hughes TA, Scerri C, Berwick A, Speirs V, Hanby AM, Grech G. CIP2A expression predicts recurrences of tamoxifen-treated breast cancer. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317722064. [PMID: 29034804 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317722064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
CIP2A is emerging as an oncoprotein overexpressed commonly across many tumours and generally correlated with higher tumour grade and therapeutic resistance. CIP2A drives an oncogenic potential through inhibiting protein phosphatase 2A, stabilizing MYC, and promoting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, although further biological mechanisms for CIP2A are yet to be defined. CIP2A protein expression was studied by immunohistochemistry in oestrogen receptor-positive primary breast cancers (n = 250) obtained from the Leeds Tissue Bank. In total, 51 cases presented with a relapse or metastasis during adjuvant treatment with tamoxifen and were regarded as tamoxifen resistant. CIP2A expression was scored separately for cytoplasmic, nuclear, or membranous staining, and scores were tested for statistically significant relationships with clinicopathological features. Membranous CIP2A was preferentially expressed in cases who experienced a recurrence during tamoxifen treatment thus predicting a worse overall survival (log rank = 8.357, p = 0.004) and disease-free survival (log rank = 21.766, p < 0.001). Cox multivariate analysis indicates that it is an independent prognostic indicator for overall survival (hazard ratio = 4.310, p = 0.013) and disease-free survival (hazard ratio = 5.449, p = 0.002). In this study, we propose the assessment of membranous CIP2A expression as a potential novel prognostic and predictive indicator for tamoxifen resistance and recurrence within oestrogen receptor-positive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn Baldacchino
- 1 Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine & Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Laura M Wastall
- 2 School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,3 Department of Cellular Pathology, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Christian Saliba
- 4 Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | | | - Christian Scerri
- 5 Department of Physiology & Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine & Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Angelene Berwick
- 6 Leeds Institute of Cancer & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Valerie Speirs
- 6 Leeds Institute of Cancer & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Andrew M Hanby
- 3 Department of Cellular Pathology, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK.,6 Leeds Institute of Cancer & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Godfrey Grech
- 1 Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine & Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
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35
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Zhao M, Howard EW, Parris AB, Guo Z, Zhao Q, Ma Z, Xing Y, Liu B, Edgerton SM, Thor AD, Yang X. Activation of cancerous inhibitor of PP2A (CIP2A) contributes to lapatinib resistance through induction of CIP2A-Akt feedback loop in ErbB2-positive breast cancer cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:58847-58864. [PMID: 28938602 PMCID: PMC5601698 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Lapatinib, a small molecule ErbB2/EGFR inhibitor, is FDA-approved for the treatment of metastatic ErbB2-overexpressing breast cancer; however, lapatinib resistance is an emerging clinical challenge. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of lapatinib-mediated anti-cancer activities and identifying relevant resistance factors are of pivotal significance. Cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A) is a recently identified oncoprotein that is overexpressed in breast cancer. Our study investigated the role of CIP2A in the anti-cancer efficacy of lapatinib in ErbB2-overexpressing breast cancer cells. We found that lapatinib concurrently downregulated CIP2A and receptor tyrosine kinase signaling in ErbB2-overexpressing SKBR3 and 78617 cells; however, these effects were attenuated in lapatinib-resistant (LR) cells. CIP2A overexpression rendered SKBR3 and 78617 cells resistant to lapatinib-induced apoptosis and growth inhibition. Conversely, CIP2A knockdown via lentiviral shRNA enhanced cell sensitivity to lapatinib-induced growth inhibition and apoptosis. Results also suggested that lapatinib downregulated CIP2A through regulation of protein stability. We further demonstrated that lapatinib-induced CIP2A downregulation can be recapitulated by LY294002, suggesting that Akt mediates CIP2A upregulation. Importantly, lapatinib induced differential CIP2A downregulation between parental BT474 and BT474/LR cell lines. Moreover, CIP2A shRNA knockdown significantly sensitized the BT474/LR cells to lapatinib. Collectively, our results demonstrate that CIP2A is a molecular target and resistance factor of lapatinib with a critical role in lapatinib-induced cellular responses, including the inhibition of the CIP2A-Akt feedback loop. Further investigation of lapatinib-mediated CIP2A regulation will advance our understanding of lapatinib-associated anti-tumor activities and drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhao
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute and Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
| | - Erin W Howard
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute and Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
| | - Amanda B Parris
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute and Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
| | - Zhiying Guo
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute and Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
| | - Qingxia Zhao
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute and Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA.,Basic Medical College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Zhikun Ma
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute and Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ying Xing
- Basic Medical College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Bolin Liu
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Susan M Edgerton
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Ann D Thor
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Xiaohe Yang
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute and Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA.,College of Medicine, Henan University of Sciences and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, P.R. China
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EGFR-independent Elk1/CIP2A signalling mediates apoptotic effect of an erlotinib derivative TD52 in triple-negative breast cancer cells. Eur J Cancer 2017; 72:112-123. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2016.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Jiang SW, Xu S, Chen H, Liu X, Tang Z, Cui Y, Liu J. Pathologic significance of SET/I2PP2A-mediated PP2A and non-PP2A pathways in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Clin Chim Acta 2017; 464:155-159. [PMID: 27836688 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2016.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Revised: 11/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
SET (SE translocation, SET), a constitutive inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), is a multifunctional oncoprotein involved in DNA replication, histone modification, nucleosome assembly, gene transcription and cell proliferation. It is widely expressed in human tissues including the gonadal system and brain. Intensive studies have shown that overexpressed SET plays an important role in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and may also contribute to the malignant transformation of breast and ovarian cancers. Recent studies indicated that through interaction with PP2A, SET may upregulate androgen biosynthesis and contribute to hyperandrogenism in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients. This review article summarizes data concerning the SET expression in ovaries from PCOS and normal women, and analyzes the role/regulatory mechanism of SET for androgen biosynthesis in PCOS, as well as the significance of this action in the development of PCOS. The potential value of SET-triggered pathway as a therapeutic target and the application of anti-SET reagents for treating hyperandrogenism in PCOS patients are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Wen Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China; Department of Biomedical Science, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA, USA.
| | - Siliang Xu
- Department of Biomedical Science, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA, USA; The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Haibin Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515000, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Liu
- The Third People's Hospital of Qingdao, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qingdao, Shandong 266041, China; Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Zuoqing Tang
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yugui Cui
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Jiayin Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China.
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Liu CY, Hu MH, Hsu CJ, Huang CT, Wang DS, Tsai WC, Chen YT, Lee CH, Chu PY, Hsu CC, Chen MH, Shiau CW, Tseng LM, Chen KF. Lapatinib inhibits CIP2A/PP2A/p-Akt signaling and induces apoptosis in triple negative breast cancer cells. Oncotarget 2016; 7:9135-49. [PMID: 26824320 PMCID: PMC4891031 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We tested the efficacy of lapatinib, a dual tyrosine kinase inhibitor which interrupts the HER2 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathways, in a panel of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells, and examined the drug mechanism. Lapatinib showed an anti-proliferative effect in HCC 1937, MDA-MB-468, and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. Lapatinib induced significant apoptosis and inhibited CIP2A and p-Akt in a dose and time-dependent manner in the three TNBC cell lines. Overexpression of CIP2A reduced lapatinib-induced apoptosis in MDA-MB-468 cells. In addition, lapatinib increased PP2A activity (in relation to CIP2A inhibition). Moreover, lapatinib-induced apoptosis and p-Akt downregulation was attenuated by PP2A antagonist okadaic acid. Furthermore, lapatinib indirectly decreased CIP2A transcription by disturbing the binding of Elk1 to the CIP2A promoter. Importantly, lapatinib showed anti-tumor activity in mice bearing MDA-MB-468 xenograft tumors, and suppressed CIP2A as well as p-Akt in these xenografted tumors. In summary, inhibition of CIP2A determines the effects of lapatinib-induced apoptosis in TNBC cells. In addition to being a dual tyrosine kinase inhibitor of HER2 and EGFR, lapatinib also inhibits CIP2A/PP2A/p-Akt signaling in TNBC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yu Liu
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hung Hu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jung Hsu
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Teng Huang
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Medicine, Yang-Ming Branch of Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Duen-Shian Wang
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chun Tsai
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Chen
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Han Lee
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yi Chu
- Department of Pathology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chi Hsu
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Huang Chen
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Wai Shiau
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Ming Tseng
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuen-Feng Chen
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chung V, Mansfield AS, Braiteh F, Richards D, Durivage H, Ungerleider RS, Johnson F, Kovach JS. Safety, Tolerability, and Preliminary Activity of LB-100, an Inhibitor of Protein Phosphatase 2A, in Patients with Relapsed Solid Tumors: An Open-Label, Dose Escalation, First-in-Human, Phase I Trial. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 23:3277-3284. [PMID: 28039265 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-2299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: To determine the MTD and to assess the safety, tolerability, and potential activity of LB-100, a first-in-class small-molecule inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) in adult patients with progressive solid tumors.Experimental Design: LB-100 was administered intravenously daily for 3 days in 21-day cycles in a 3 + 3 dose escalation design.Results: There were 29 patient entries over 7 dose escalations. One patient stopped treatment after one dose because of an acute infection and was reenrolled after recovery; each course was analyzed as a separate patient entry. Two patients had dose-limiting toxicity (reversible increases in serum creatinine or calculated serum creatinine clearance) at the 3.1 mg/m2 level. Probable or possible study drug-related grade 3 adverse events occurred in 6 (20.7%) patients [anemia (n = 2), decreased creatinine clearance, dyspnea, hyponatremia, and lymphopenia]. Ten (50%) of 20 response-evaluable patients had stable disease for four or more cycles. One patient with pancreatic adenocarcinoma had a partial response noted after 10 cycles, which was maintained for five additional cycles. The other patients achieving stable disease had one of the following: fibrosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, thymoma, atypical carcinoid of lung, or ovarian, testicular, breast (n = 2), and prostate cancer. The recommended phase II dose of LB-100 is 2.33 mg/m2 daily for 3 days every 3 weeks.Conclusions: The safety, tolerability, preliminary evidence of antitumor activity, and novel mechanism of action of LB-100 support its continued development alone and in combination with other therapies. Clin Cancer Res; 23(13); 3277-84. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fadi Braiteh
- Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada.,US Oncology Research, The Woodlands, Texas
| | - Donald Richards
- US Oncology Research, The Woodlands, Texas.,Texas Oncology, Tyler, Texas
| | | | | | | | - John S Kovach
- Lixte Biotechnology Holdings, Inc., East Setauket, New York.
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40
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Terna E, Luukkainen A, Seppälä M, Renkonen R, Huhtala H, Tommola S, Paavonen T, Kauppi P, Tynninen O, Jeskanen L, Toppila-Salmi S. The expression of cancerous inhibitor protein phosphatase 2A in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. Acta Otolaryngol 2016; 136:1173-1179. [PMID: 27348236 DOI: 10.1080/00016489.2016.1195918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
CONCLUSION The study suggests that cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A) expression and eosinophilia associate with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps with aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease (CRSwNP + AERD). Further studies with a larger sample size are needed to evaluate further the role of CIP2A and related pathways in CRSwNP + AERD. OBJECTIVES Low prostaglandin E2 levels putatively associate with CRSwNP + AERD and decreased c-Myc levels. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression and revision-predictive role of oncoprotein CIP2A, another c-Myc modulator, in CRSwNP with/without AERD, and in antrochoanal polyps. METHOD Ninety retrospective archival objective glasses of nasal polyp tissue from CRSwNP or ACP patients were used for assessing mucosal eosinophilia. Of this population, 90 archival nasal polyp specimens were available for immunohistochemical staining with a polyclonal anti-CIP2A antibody, together with 19 control nasal mucosa specimens. CIP2A staining intensity and tissue eosinophilia were assessed by two blinded observers with a light microscope. Subject characteristics from 90 patients and 19 controls were obtained from patient records and additionally by a questionnaire from controls. The follow-up data was available from patient records of 84 patients and 16 controls. RESULTS The expression of epithelial CIP2A was detected both in control inferior turbinate mucosa and nasal polyps. The expression was significantly lower in the CRSwNP + AERD group compared to controls and CRSwNP without AERD (p < 0.01). High mucosal eosinophilia associated with CRSwNP (p < 0.01). Neither CIP2A nor eosinophilia predicted the need for revision surgery (p > 0.05), whereas previous surgery, allergic rhinitis, and use of corticosteroids did predict the need for revision surgery (p < 0.05).
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41
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Zheng Z, Qiao Z, Chen W, Gong R, Wang Y, Xu L, Ma Y, Zhang L, Lu Y, Jiang B, Li G, Dong C. CIP2A regulates proliferation and apoptosis of multiple myeloma cells. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:2705-9. [PMID: 27484817 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is one of the most common causes of mortality from hematological malignancy in China. Recent studies have demonstrated that cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A) may exhibit a role in promoting the growth of cancer; however, the function of CIP2A in MM remains unknown. In the present study, the expression and molecular mechanism underlying the effects of CIP2A in patients with MM and in MM cell lines were elucidated. Firstly, the expression of CIP2A was detected in patients with MM and in MM cell lines by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Furthermore, silencing of CIP2A with short hairpin RNA was performed in MM cells, and the impact on the proliferation and apoptosis of RPMI‑8226 cells was analyzed (as endogenous CIP2A is highly expressed in RPMI‑8226 cell lines compared with other cells). CIP2A was significantly elevated in patients with MM and in MM cell lines, and silencing of CIP2A could inhibit the proliferation ability of RPMI‑8226 cells in vitro. In addition, CIP2A knockdown induced apoptosis and led to substantial reduction of c‑Myc protein levels in MM cell lines. This study suggested that CIP2A inhibition may provide a promising therapeutic strategy for patients with MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuanzhen Zheng
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Zhenhua Qiao
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Wenliang Chen
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Rong Gong
- Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanxi University Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, P.R. China
| | - Yalin Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Second People's Hospital of Shanxi, Taiyuan, Shanxi 037008, P.R. China
| | - Lianrong Xu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Yanping Ma
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanxi University Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, P.R. China
| | - Yujin Lu
- Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanxi University Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, P.R. China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Guoxia Li
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Chunxia Dong
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
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Zhao Q, Zhao M, Parris AB, Xing Y, Yang X. Genistein targets the cancerous inhibitor of PP2A to induce growth inhibition and apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Int J Oncol 2016; 49:1203-10. [PMID: 27574003 PMCID: PMC4948957 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Genistein is a soy isoflavone with phytoestrogen and tyrosine kinase inhibitory properties. High intake of soy/genistein has been associated with reduced breast cancer risk. Despite the advances in genistein-mediated antitumor studies, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, we investigated genistein-induced regulation of the cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A), a novel oncogene frequently overexpressed in breast cancer, and its functional impact on genistein-induced growth inhibition and apoptosis. We demonstrated that genistein induced downregulation of CIP2A in MCF-7-C3 and T47D breast cancer cells, which was correlated with its growth inhibition and apoptotic activities. Overexpression of CIP2A attenuated, whereas CIP2A knockdown sensitized, genistein-induced growth inhibition and apoptosis. We further showed that genistein-induced downregulation of CIP2A involved both transcriptional suppression and proteasomal degradation. In particular, genistein at higher concentrations induced concurrent downregulation of E2F1 and CIP2A. Overexpression of E2F1 attenuated genistein-induced downregulation of CIP2A mRNA, indicating the role of E2F1 in genistein-induced transcriptional suppression of CIP2A. Taken together, our results identified CIP2A as a functional target of genistein and demonstrated that modulation of E2F1-mediated transcriptional regulation of CIP2A contributes to its downregulation. These data advance our understanding of genistein-induced growth inhibition and apoptosis, and support further investigation on CIP2A as a therapeutic target of relevant anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxia Zhao
- Basic Medical College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute and Department of Biology, North Carolina Central University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - Amanda B Parris
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute and Department of Biology, North Carolina Central University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - Ying Xing
- Basic Medical College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohe Yang
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute and Department of Biology, North Carolina Central University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
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Pierucci F, Frati A, Squecco R, Lenci E, Vicenti C, Slavik J, Francini F, Machala M, Meacci E. Non-dioxin-like organic toxicant PCB153 modulates sphingolipid metabolism in liver progenitor cells: its role in Cx43-formed gap junction impairment. Arch Toxicol 2016; 91:749-760. [PMID: 27318803 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-016-1750-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The non-dioxin-like environmental toxicant 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB153), member of a group of persistent organic pollutants wide-spread throughout the environment, reduces gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC), an event possibly associated with tumor promotion. Since very few studies have investigated the signaling effectors and mode(s) of action of PCB153, and it is known that the gap junction (GJ) protein Cx43 can be regulated by the bioactive sphingolipid (SL) sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), this in vitro study mainly addresses whether SL metabolism is affected by PCB153 in rat liver epithelial WB-F344 cells. PCB153 treatment obtained significant changes in the S1P/ceramide (Cer) ratio, known to be crucial in determining cell fate. In particular, an increase in S1P at 30 min and a decrease of the bioactive lipid at 3 h were observed, whereas Cer level increased at 1 h and 24 h. Notably, a time-dependent modulation of sphingosine kinase (SphK), the enzyme responsible for S1P synthesis, and of its regulators, ERK1/2 and protein phosphatase PP2A, supports the involvement of these signaling effectors in PCB153 toxicity. Electrophysiological analyses, furthermore, indicated that the lipophilic environmental toxicant significantly reduced GJ biophysical properties, affecting both voltage-dependent (such as those formed by Cx43 and/or Cx32) and voltage-independent channels, thereby demonstrating that PCB153 may act differently on GJs formed by distinct Cx isoforms. SphK down-regulation alone induced GJIC impairment, and, when combined with PCB153, the acute effect on GJ suppression was additive. Moreover, after enzyme-specific gene silencing, the SphK1 isoform appears to be responsible for down-regulating Cx43 expression, while being the target of PCB153 at short-term exposure. In conclusion, we provide the first evidence of novel effectors in PCB153 toxic action in rat liver stem-like cells, leading us to consider SLs as potential markers for preventing GJIC deregulation and, thus, the tumorigenic action elicited by this environmental toxicant.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Pierucci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Research Unit of Molecular and Applied Biology, University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni 50, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - A Frati
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Research Unit of Molecular and Applied Biology, University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni 50, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - R Squecco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Physiological Sciences, University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni 63, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - E Lenci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Research Unit of Molecular and Applied Biology, University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni 50, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - C Vicenti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Research Unit of Molecular and Applied Biology, University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni 50, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - J Slavik
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 62100, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - F Francini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Physiological Sciences, University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni 63, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - M Machala
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 62100, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - E Meacci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Research Unit of Molecular and Applied Biology, University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni 50, 50134, Florence, Italy.
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Cancerous Inhibitor of PP2A Silencing Inhibits Proliferation and Promotes Apoptosis in Human Multiple Myeloma Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:6864135. [PMID: 27144172 PMCID: PMC4837246 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6864135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 03/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma is the second most prevalent type of blood cancer, representing approximately 1% of all cancers and 2% of all cancer deaths. There is therefore a strong need to identify critical targets in multiple myeloma neoplasia and progression. Cancerous inhibitor of PP2A (CIP2A) is a human oncoprotein that regulates cancer cell viability and anchorage-independent growth and induces apoptosis. The present study investigated CIP2A function in the human multiple myeloma cell lines RPMI-8226 and NCI-H929 to determine whether it can serve as a potential therapeutic target. CIP2A was silenced in the cells by transfection of short interfering RNA and cell proliferation and apoptosis were evaluated by a tetrazolium salt-based assay and flow cytometry, respectively. CIP2A knockdown inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in RPMI-8226 and NCI-H929 cells and decreased the phosphorylation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) p85, AKT1, and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) without affecting total protein levels. Treatment of CIP2A-depletion cells with insulin-like growth factor 1 decreased the effects of CIP2A inhibition on cell viability and apoptosis. These results indicate that CIP2A modulates myeloma cell proliferation and apoptosis via PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling and suggest that it can potentially serve as a drug target for the treatment of multiple myeloma.
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Lucas CM, Milani M, Butterworth M, Carmell N, Scott LJ, Clark RE, Cohen GM, Varadarajan S. High CIP2A levels correlate with an antiapoptotic phenotype that can be overcome by targeting BCL-XL in chronic myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 2016; 30:1273-81. [PMID: 26987906 PMCID: PMC4895185 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2016.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A) is a predictive biomarker of disease progression in many malignancies, including imatinib-treated chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Although high CIP2A levels correlate with disease progression in CML, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. In a screen of diagnostic chronic phase samples from patients with high and low CIP2A protein levels, high CIP2A levels correlate with an antiapoptotic phenotype, characterized by downregulation of proapoptotic BCL-2 family members, including BIM, PUMA and HRK, and upregulation of the antiapoptotic protein BCL-XL. These results suggest that the poor prognosis of patients with high CIP2A levels is due to an antiapoptotic phenotype. Disrupting this antiapoptotic phenotype by inhibition of BCL-XL via RNA interference or A-1331852, a novel, potent and BCL-XL-selective inhibitor, resulted in extensive apoptosis either alone or in combination with imatinib, dasatinib or nilotinib, both in cell lines and in primary CD34(+) cells from patients with high levels of CIP2A. These results demonstrate that BCL-XL is the major antiapoptotic survival protein and may be a novel therapeutic target in CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Lucas
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - M Milani
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - M Butterworth
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - N Carmell
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - L J Scott
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - R E Clark
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - G M Cohen
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.,Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - S Varadarajan
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.,Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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Zhang W, Chen H, Chen Y, Liu J, Wang X, Yu X, Chen JJ, Zhao W. Cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A contributes to human papillomavirus oncoprotein E7-induced cell proliferation via E2F1. Oncotarget 2016; 6:5253-62. [PMID: 25650660 PMCID: PMC4467146 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A) is a recently identified oncoprotein that is overexpressed in many human malignant tumors including cervical cancer. Human papillomavirus (HPV) oncoprotein E7 is the key transformation factor in cervical cancer. Our previous data showed a positive association of CIP2A and HPV-16E7 protein levels; however, how CIP2A is regulated by HPV-E7 and the roles of CIP2A in HPV-E7-mediated cell proliferation are unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that HPV-16E7 protein significantly upregulating CIP2A mRNA and protein expression depended on retinoblastoma protein pRb rather than p130. CIP2A siRNA knockdown in HPV-E7-expressing cells inhibited cell proliferation, DNA synthesis and G1/S cell cycle progression. CIP2A siRNA decreased the protein levels of cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (Cdk1), Cdk2 and their partner cyclin A2, with no change in levels of Cdk4, Cdk6 and their partner cyclin D1. The downregulation of Cdk1 and Cdk2 was independent of c-Myc; instead, E2F1 was the main target of CIP2A in this process, as overexpression of E2F1 rescued the inhibitory effects of CIP2A siRNA knockdown on cell proliferation and G1 arrest of HPV-E7-expressing cells. Our studies reveal a novel function of CIP2A in HPV-16E7-mediated cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifang Zhang
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hanxiang Chen
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiuping Yu
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jason J Chen
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.,Cancer Research Center, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Weiming Zhao
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Chao TT, Wang CY, Chen YL, Lai CC, Chang FY, Tsai YT, Chao CHH, Shiau CW, Huang YCT, Yu CJ, Chen KF. Afatinib induces apoptosis in NSCLC without EGFR mutation through Elk-1-mediated suppression of CIP2A. Oncotarget 2015; 6:2164-79. [PMID: 25537503 PMCID: PMC4385843 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Afatinib has anti-tumor effect in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation. We found afatinib can also induce apoptosis in NSCLC cells without EGFR mutation through CIP2A pathway. Four NSCLC cell lines (H358 H441 H460 and A549) were treated with afatinib to determine their sensitivity to afatinib-induced cell death and apoptosis. The effects of CIP2A on afatinib-induced apoptosis were confirmed by overexpression and knockdown of CIP2A expression in the sensitive and resistant cells, respectively. Reduction of Elk-1 binding to the CIP2A promoter and suppression of CIP2A transcription were analyzed. In vivo efficacy of afatinib against H358 and H460 xenografts tumors were also determined in nude mice. Afatinib induced significant cell death and apoptosis in H358 and H441 cells, but not in H460 or A549 cells. The apoptotic effect of afatinib in sensitive cells was associated with downregulation of CIP2A, promotion of PP2A activity and decrease in AKT phosphorylation. Afatinib suppressed CIP2A at the gene transcription level by reducing the promoter binding activity of Elk-1. Clinical samples showed that higher CIP2A expression predicted a poor prognosis and Elk-1 and CIP2A expressions were highly correlated. In conclusion, afatinib induces apoptosis in NSCLC without EGFR mutations through Elk-1/CIP2A/PP2A/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Chao
- Medical Research Center, Cardinal Tien Hospital, School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yi Wang
- Medical Research Center, Cardinal Tien Hospital, School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, Cardinal Tien Hospital, School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Lin Chen
- Department of Pathology, Cardinal Tien Hospital, School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Cheng Lai
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Yu Chang
- Medical Research Center, Cardinal Tien Hospital, School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Tsai
- Medical Research Center, Cardinal Tien Hospital, School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hao H Chao
- Instrumentation Resource Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Wai Shiau
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Chin T Huang
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Chong-Jen Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuen-Feng Chen
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,National Center of Excellence for Clinical Trial and Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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3D model for Cancerous Inhibitor of Protein Phosphatase 2A armadillo domain unveils highly conserved protein–protein interaction characteristics. J Theor Biol 2015; 386:78-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2015.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Seppälä M, Tervo S, Pohjola K, Laranne J, Huhtala H, Toppila-Salmi S, Paavonen T. The association and prognostic relevance of cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A and inflammation in tongue squamous cell carcinoma. APMIS 2015; 123:1007-15. [DOI: 10.1111/apm.12462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miia Seppälä
- Transplantation Laboratory; Haartman Institute; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
| | - Sanni Tervo
- Department of Pathology; University of Tampere; Tampere Finland
| | - Konsta Pohjola
- Department of Pathology; University of Tampere; Tampere Finland
| | - Jussi Laranne
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology; Tampere University Hospital; Tampere Finland
| | - Heini Huhtala
- School of Health Sciences; University of Tampere; Tampere Finland
| | - Sanna Toppila-Salmi
- Transplantation Laboratory; Haartman Institute; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
- Department of Allergy; University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital; Helsinki Finland
| | - Timo Paavonen
- Department of Pathology; University of Tampere; Tampere Finland
- Fimlab Laboratories Ltd; Tampere Finland
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De P, Carlson JH, Leyland-Jones B, Dey N. Role of "oncogenic nexus" of CIP2A in breast oncogenesis: how does it work? Am J Cancer Res 2015; 5:2872-2891. [PMID: 26609493 PMCID: PMC4633914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The CIP2A gene is an oncogene associated with solid and hematologic malignancies [1]. CIP2A protein is an oncoprotein and a potential cancer therapy target [2]. Literature shows that CIP2A inhibits the tumor suppressor protein PP2A [3] which downregulates phophorylation of AKT, a hallmark of cancers [4] and stabilizes the proto-oncogene, c-MYC in tumor cells [5], the comprehensive action of CIP2A and its functional interaction(s) with other oncoproteins and tumor suppressors is not clearly established. Recently we tried to put forward a contextual mode-of-action of CIP2A protein in a review which proposed that CIP2A influences oncogenesis via an "oncogenic nexus" [1]. In this review we critically evaluated the potential relevance of the mode-of-action of the "oncogenic nexus" of CIP2A in breast carcinogenesis and appraised the role of this nexus in different PAM50 luminal A, PAM50 luminal B, PAM50 HER2-enriched and PAM50 basal BC. This review has a novel approach. Here we have not only compiled and discussed the latest developments in this field but also presented data obtained from c-BioPortal and STRING10 in order to substantiate our view regarding the mode-of-action of the "oncogenic nexus" of CIP2A. We functionally correlated alterations of genes pertaining to the "oncogenic nexus" of CIP2A with protein-protein interactions between the different components of the nexus including (1) subunits of PP2A, (2) multiple transcription factors including MYC oncogene and (3) components of the PI3K-mTOR and the MAPK-ERK oncogenic pathways. Using these proteins as "input" to STRING10 we studied the association, Action view, at the highest Confidence level. OncoPrints (c-BioPortal) showed alterations (%) of regulatory subunits genes of PP2A (PPP2R1A and PPP2R1B) along with alterations of CIP2A in breast invasive carcinoma (TCGA, Nature 2012 & TCGA, Provisional). Similar genetic alterations of PP2A were also observed in samples of breast tumors at our Avera Research Institute, SD. In an attempt to critically evaluate the role of "oncogenic nexus" of CIP2A in subtypes of BC, we used PPP2R1A and PPP2R1B as "inputs" into the STRING10 and obtained their predicted association (Action view) in respect to CIP2A. The outcome of this exercise has been discussed in the light of the literature in the BC research in the context of "oncogenic nexus" of CIP2A. In summary, herein we review the progress in our understanding of how CIP2A regulates oncogenic transformations of breast cells via PP2A-CIP2A "oncogenic nexus" and how we can prospect the clinical relevance of CIP2A in the context of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradip De
- Department of Molecular & Experimental Medicine, Avera Research InstituteSioux Falls, SD, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, SSOM, USDSioux Falls, SD, USA
| | - Jennifer H Carlson
- Department of Molecular & Experimental Medicine, Avera Research InstituteSioux Falls, SD, USA
| | - Brian Leyland-Jones
- Department of Molecular & Experimental Medicine, Avera Research InstituteSioux Falls, SD, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, SSOM, USDSioux Falls, SD, USA
| | - Nandini Dey
- Department of Molecular & Experimental Medicine, Avera Research InstituteSioux Falls, SD, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, SSOM, USDSioux Falls, SD, USA
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