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Han W, Zhou H, Zhang X, Li H, Han X, Su L, Tian L, Xue X. HMGB2 is a biomarker associated with poor prognosis promoting radioresistance in glioma by targeting base excision repair pathway. Transl Oncol 2024; 45:101977. [PMID: 38728871 PMCID: PMC11107350 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.101977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High mobility group box 2 (HMGB2) is considered as a biomarker of poor prognosis in various cancers.This study aims to investigate the effect and mechanism of HMGB2 in gliomas. METHODS With the glioma related on-line and our local hospital databases, the expression differences of HMGB2,Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and COX regression analysis were performed.The correlation analysis between the clinicopathological features and imaging parameters with the HMGB2 expression had been done. Then GSEA and PPI networks were carried out to find out the most significant pathway. The pathway inhibitor was applied to verify HMGB2's participation. CCK8,EDU assays,γ-H2AX immunofluorescence staining and colony formation assay were conducted to observe effects on glioma cells. RESULTS Available datasets showed that HMGB2 was highly expressed in glioma and patients with high expression of HMGB2 had poorer prognosis and molecular characteristics. Protein level evidence of western blot and immunohistochemistry from our center supported the conclusions above. Analysis on imaging features suggested that HMGB2 expression level had an inverse association with ADCmean but positively with the thickness of enhancing margin. Results from GSEA and PPI network analysis exhibited that HMGB2 was involved in base excision repair (BER) signaling pathway. Experimental evidence demonstrated that the overexpression of HMGB2 promoted the proliferation of glioma cells and enhanced the radio-resistance. CONCLUSIONS HMGB2 could promote glioma development and enhance the radioresistance of glioma cells, potentially related to the BER pathway, suggesting it may serve as an underlying biomarker for patients with glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Han
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; Department of Oncology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Huandi Zhou
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xinyuan Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Haonan Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xuetao Han
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Linlin Su
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lei Tian
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaoying Xue
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
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Tribe AKW, Peng L, Teesdale-Spittle PH, McConnell MJ. BCL6 is a context-dependent mediator of the glioblastoma response to irradiation therapy. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:131782. [PMID: 38734343 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is a rapidly fatal brain cancer that does not respond to therapy. Previous research showed that the transcriptional repressor protein BCL6 is upregulated by chemo and radiotherapy in glioblastoma, and inhibition of BCL6 enhances the effectiveness of these therapies. Therefore, BCL6 is a promising target to improve the efficacy of current glioblastoma treatment. BCL6 acts as a transcriptional repressor in germinal centre B cells and as an oncogene in lymphoma and other cancers. However, in glioblastoma, BCL6 induced by therapy may not be able to repress transcription. Using a BCL6 inhibitor, the whole proteome response to irradiation was compared with and without BCL6 activity. Acute high dose irradiation caused BCL6 to switch from repressing the DNA damage response to promoting stress response signalling. Rapid immunoprecipitation mass spectrometry of endogenous proteins (RIME) enabled comparison of BCL6 partner proteins between untreated and irradiated glioblastoma cells. BCL6 was associated with transcriptional coregulators in untreated glioblastoma including the known partner NCOR2. However, this association was lost in response to acute irradiation, where BCL6 unexpectedly associated with synaptic and plasma membrane proteins. These results reveal the activity of BCL6 under therapy-induced stress is context-dependent, and potentially altered by the intensity of that stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna K W Tribe
- School of Biological Sciences, Te Herenga Waka Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand.
| | - Lifeng Peng
- School of Biological Sciences, Te Herenga Waka Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand.
| | - Paul H Teesdale-Spittle
- School of Biological Sciences, Te Herenga Waka Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand.
| | - Melanie J McConnell
- School of Biological Sciences, Te Herenga Waka Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand.
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Xie T, Ding YH, Sang CS, Lin ZX, Dong J, Fu XA. Vitexin enhances radiosensitivity of mouse subcutaneous xenograft glioma by affecting the miR-17-5p/miR-130b-3p/PTEN/HIF-1α pathway. Strahlenther Onkol 2024; 200:535-543. [PMID: 38453699 DOI: 10.1007/s00066-024-02220-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Vitexin can cooperate with hyperbaric oxygen to sensitize the radiotherapy of glioma by inhibiting the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α. However, whether vitexin has a direct radiosensitization and how it affects the HIF-1α expression remain unclear. This study investigated these issues. METHODS The SU3 cells-inoculated nude mice were divided into control, radiation, and vitexin + radiation groups. The vitexin + radiation-treated mice were intraperitoneally injected with 75 mg/kg vitexin daily for 21 days. On the 3rd, 10th, and 17th days during the vitexin treatment, the radiation-treated mice were locally irradiated with 10 Gy, respectively. In vitro, the microRNA (miR)-17-5p or miR-130b-3p mimics-transfected SU3 cells were used to examine the effects of vitexin plus radiation on expression of miR-17-5p- or miR-130b-3p-induced radioresistance-related pathway proteins. The effects of vitexin on miR-17-5p and miR-130b-3p expression in SU3 cells were also evaluated. RESULTS Compared with the radiation group, the tumor volume, tumor weight, and expression of HIF-1α, vascular endothelial growth factor, and glucose transporter-1/3 proteins, miR-17-5p, and miR-130b-3p in tumor tissues in the vitexin + radiation group decreased, whereas the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) protein increased. After treatment of miR-17-5p or miR-130b-3p mimics-transfected SU3 cells with vitexin plus radiation, the PTEN protein expression also increased, the HIF-1α protein expression decreased correspondingly. Moreover, vitexin decreased the miR-17-5p and miR-130b-3p expression in SU3 cells. CONCLUSION Vitexin can enhance the radiosensitivity of glioma, and its mechanism may partly be related to the attenuation of HIF-1α pathway after lowering the inhibitory effect of miR-17-5p and miR-130b-3p on PTEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- The Experimental Center and Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yu-Hao Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chun-Sheng Sang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ze-Xi Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jun Dong
- The Experimental Center and Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Xi-An Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Pagliari F, Jansen J, Knoll J, Hanley R, Seco J, Tirinato L. Cancer radioresistance is characterized by a differential lipid droplet content along the cell cycle. Cell Div 2024; 19:14. [PMID: 38643120 PMCID: PMC11031927 DOI: 10.1186/s13008-024-00116-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer radiation treatments have seen substantial advancements, yet the biomolecular mechanisms underlying cancer cell radioresistance continue to elude full understanding. The effectiveness of radiation on cancer is hindered by various factors, such as oxygen concentrations within tumors, cells' ability to repair DNA damage and metabolic changes. Moreover, the initial and radiation-induced cell cycle profiles can significantly influence radiotherapy responses as radiation sensitivity fluctuates across different cell cycle stages. Given this evidence and our prior studies establishing a correlation between cancer radiation resistance and an increased number of cytoplasmic Lipid Droplets (LDs), we investigated if LD accumulation was modulated along the cell cycle and if this correlated with differential radioresistance in lung and bladder cell lines. RESULTS Our findings identified the S phase as the most radioresistant cell cycle phase being characterized by an increase in LDs. Analysis of the expression of perilipin genes (a family of proteins involved in the LD structure and functions) throughout the cell cycle also uncovered a unique gene cell cycle pattern. CONCLUSIONS In summary, although these results require further molecular studies about the mechanisms of radioresistance, the findings presented here are the first evidence that LD accumulation could participate in cancer cells' ability to better survive X-Ray radiation when cells are in the S phase. LDs can represent new players in the radioresistance processes associated with cancer metabolism. This could open new therapeutic avenues in which the use of LD-interfering drugs might enhance cancer sensitivity to radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Pagliari
- Division of Biomedical Physics in Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jeannette Jansen
- Division of Biomedical Physics in Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Knoll
- Division of Biomedical Physics in Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rachel Hanley
- Division of Biomedical Physics in Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joao Seco
- Division of Biomedical Physics in Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Luca Tirinato
- Division of Biomedical Physics in Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University Magna Graecia, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
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Zhao Z, Xing N, Guo H, Li J, Sun G. Identification of Lower Grade Glioma Antigens Based on Ferroptosis Status for mRNA Vaccine Development. Pharmgenomics Pers Med 2024; 17:105-123. [PMID: 38623558 PMCID: PMC11018127 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s449230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose mRNA vaccines represent a promising and innovative strategy within the realm of cancer immunotherapy. However, their efficacy in treating lower-grade glioma (LGG) requires evaluation. Ferroptosis exhibits close associations with the initiation, evolution, and suppression of cancer. In this study, we explored the landscape of the ferroptosis-associated tumor microenvironment to facilitate the development of mRNA vaccines for LGG patients. Patients and Methods Genomic and clinical data of the LGG patients was obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) databases. Ferroptosis-related tumor antigens were identified based on differential expression, mutation status, correlation with antigen-presenting cells, and prognosis, relevance to immunogenic cell death (ICD). Antigen expression levels in LGG specimens and cell lines were validated using real time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Consensus clustering was employed for patient classification. The immune landscapes of ferroptosis subtypes were further characterized, including immune responses, prognostic ability, tumor microenvironment, and tumor-related signatures. Results Five tumor antigens, namely, HOTAIR, IDO1, KIF20A, NR5A2, and RRM2 were identified in LGG. RT-PCR demonstrated higher expression of these genes in LGG compared to the control. Twelve gene modules and four ferroptosis subtypes (FS1-FS4) of LGG were defined. FS2 and FS4, characterized as "cold" tumors due to their decreased tumor mutation burden (TMB) and immune checkpoint proteins (ICPs), were deemed appropriate candidates for the mRNA vaccine. Conclusion HOTAIR, IDO1, KIF20A, NR5A2, and RRM2 were identified as promising candidate antigens for the development of an LGG mRNA vaccine, particularly offering potential benefits to FS2 and FS4 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxiang Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Na Xing
- Department of Endocrinology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guozhu Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, People’s Republic of China
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Heidari M, Shokrani P. Imaging Role in Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Treatment Response Prediction Associated with High-grade Glioma. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SIGNALS & SENSORS 2024; 14:7. [PMID: 38993200 PMCID: PMC11111132 DOI: 10.4103/jmss.jmss_30_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Background Glioma is one of the most drug and radiation-resistant tumors. Gliomas suffer from inter- and intratumor heterogeneity which makes the outcome of similar treatment protocols vary from patient to patient. This article is aimed to overview the potential imaging markers for individual diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment response prediction in malignant glioma. Furthermore, the correlation between imaging findings and biological and clinical information of glioma patients is reviewed. Materials and Methods The search strategy in this study is to select related studies from scientific websites such as PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science published until 2022. It comprised a combination of keywords such as Biomarkers, Diagnosis, Prognosis, Imaging techniques, and malignant glioma, according to Medical Subject Headings. Results Some imaging parameters that are effective in glioma management include: ADC, FA, Ktrans, regional cerebral blood volume (rCBV), cerebral blood flow (CBF), ve, Cho/NAA and lactate/lipid ratios, intratumoral uptake of 18F-FET (for diagnostic application), RD, ADC, ve, vp, Ktrans, CBFT1, rCBV, tumor blood flow, Cho/NAA, lactate/lipid, MI/Cho, uptakes of 18F-FET, 11C-MET, and 18F-FLT (for prognostic and predictive application). Cerebral blood volume and Ktrans are related to molecular markers such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Preoperative ADCmin value of GBM tumors is associated with O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation status. 2-hydroxyglutarate metabolite and dynamic 18F-FDOPA positron emission tomography uptake are related to isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutations. Conclusion Parameters including ADC, RD, FA, rCBV, Ktrans, vp, and uptake of 18F-FET are useful for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment response prediction in glioma. A significant correlation between molecular markers such as VEGF, MGMT, and IDH mutations with some diffusion and perfusion imaging parameters has been identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Heidari
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Parvaneh Shokrani
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Lv Q, Zhang Z, Fu H, Li D, Liu Y, Sun Y, Wu M. Predictive Panel for Immunotherapy in Low-Grade Glioma. World Neurosurg 2024; 183:e825-e837. [PMID: 38216032 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2024.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The main treatment of low-grade glioma (LGG) is still surgical resection followed by radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy, which has certain limitations, including side effects and drug resistance. Immunotherapy is a promising treatment for LGG, but it is generally hindered by the tumor microenvironment with the limited expression of tumor antigens. METHODS We integrated RNA sequencing data sets and clinical information and conducted consistent cluster analysis to explore the most suitable patients for immune checkpoint therapy. Gene set enrichment analysis, UMAP analysis, mutation correlation analysis, TIMER analysis, and TIDE analysis were used to identify the immune characteristics of 3 immune subtypes and the feasibility of 5 antigens as immune checkpoint markers. RESULTS We analyzed the isolation and mutation of homologous recombination repair genes (HRR) of the 3 immune subtypes, and the HRR genes of the 3 subtypes were obviously segregated. Among them, the IS2 subtype has a large number of HRR gene mutations, which increases the immunogenicity of tumors-this is consistent with the results of tumor mutation load analysis of 3 immune subtypes. Then we evaluated the immune cell infiltration of immune subtypes and found that IS2 and IS3 subtypes were rich in immune cells. It is worth noting that there are many Treg cells and NK cells in the IS1 subtype. In addition, when analyzing the immune checkpoint gene expression of the 3 subtypes, we found that they were upregulated most in IS2 subtypes compared with other subtypes. Then when we further confirmed the role of immune-related genes in LGG; through TIDE analysis and TISIDB analysis, we obtained 5 markers that can predict the efficacy of ICB in patients with LGG. In addition, we confirmed that they were associated with poor prognosis through survival analysis. CONCLUSIONS We obtained 3 reliable immune subtypes, and patients with the IS2 subtype are suitable for immunotherapy, in which NAMPT, SLC11A1, TNC, VIM, and SPP1 are predictive panel markers for ICB in the LGG group. Our findings provide a rationale for immunotherapy selection and prediction of patient prognosis in LGG patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Lv
- Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaoyu Zhang
- Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Haijuan Fu
- Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Danyang Li
- Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yihao Liu
- Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yingnan Sun
- Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Minghua Wu
- Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Tabnak P, Hasanzade Bashkandi A, Ebrahimnezhad M, Soleimani M. Forkhead box transcription factors (FOXOs and FOXM1) in glioma: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutics. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:238. [PMID: 37821870 PMCID: PMC10568859 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03090-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most aggressive and malignant type of primary brain tumor, comprises the majority of central nervous system deaths, and is categorized into different subgroups according to its histological characteristics, including astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), and mixed tumors. The forkhead box (FOX) transcription factors comprise a collection of proteins that play various roles in numerous complex molecular cascades and have been discovered to be differentially expressed in distinct glioma subtypes. FOXM1 and FOXOs have been recognized as crucial transcription factors in tumor cells, including glioma cells. Accumulating data indicates that FOXM1 acts as an oncogene in various types of cancers, and a significant part of studies has investigated its function in glioma. Although recent studies considered FOXO subgroups as tumor suppressors, there are pieces of evidence that they may have an oncogenic role. This review will discuss the subtle functions of FOXOs and FOXM1 in gliomas, dissecting their regulatory network with other proteins, microRNAs and their role in glioma progression, including stem cell differentiation and therapy resistance/sensitivity, alongside highlighting recent pharmacological progress for modulating their expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyman Tabnak
- Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Imam Reza Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | | | - Mohammad Ebrahimnezhad
- Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Imam Reza Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Soleimani
- Imam Reza Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Li Y, Ge Y, Zhao M, Ding F, Wang X, Shi Z, Ge X, Wang X, Qian X. HSP90B1-mediated plasma membrane localization of GLUT1 promotes radioresistance of glioblastomas. J Biomed Res 2023; 37:326-339. [PMID: 37750323 PMCID: PMC10541777 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.37.20220234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation is a popular and effective treatment option for glioblastoma (GBM). However, resistance to radiation therapy inevitably occurs during treatment. It is urgent to investigate the mechanisms of radioresistance in GBM and to find ways to improve radiosensitivity. Here, we found that heat shock protein 90 beta family member 1 (HSP90B1) was significantly upregulated in radioresistant GBM cell lines. More importantly, HSP90B1 promoted the localization of glucose transporter type 1, a key rate-limiting factor of glycolysis, on the plasma membrane, which in turn enhanced glycolytic activity and subsequently tumor growth and radioresistance of GBM cells. These findings imply that targeting HSP90B1 may effectively improve the efficacy of radiotherapy for GBM patients, a potential new approach to the treatment of glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Institute for Brain Tumors, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Yuqian Ge
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Institute for Brain Tumors, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Mengjie Zhao
- Department of Neuro-Psychiatric Institute, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Fangshu Ding
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Institute for Brain Tumors, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Xiuxing Wang
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Antibody Technologies, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Zhumei Shi
- Institute for Brain Tumors, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Xin Ge
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Institute for Brain Tumors, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Xiefeng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Xu Qian
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Institute for Brain Tumors, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
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Liu X, Sun C, Wang Q, Li P, Zhao T, Li Q. Sp1 Upregulation Bolsters the Radioresistance of Glioblastoma Cells by Promoting Double Strand Breaks Repair. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10658. [PMID: 37445835 PMCID: PMC10342049 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Radioresistance remains a critical obstacle in the clinical management of glioblastoma (GBM) by radiotherapy. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying radioresistance to improve patient response to radiotherapy and increase the treatment efficacy. The present study aimed to elucidate the role of specificity protein 1 (Sp1) in the radioresistance of GBM cells. Different human GBM cell lines and tumor-bearing mice were exposed to ionizing radiation (IR). Cell survival was determined by the colony formation assay. The expression of genes and proteins in the cells and tissues was analyzed by RT-PCR and western blotting, respectively. The γ-H2AX, p-Sp1 and dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs phospho S2056) foci were analyzed by immunofluorescence. Apoptotic rates were measured by flow cytometry. Sp1 was upregulated after IR in vitro and in vivo and knocking down Sp1-sensitized GBM cells to IR. Sp1 activated the DNA-PKcs promoter and increased its expression and activity. Furthermore, the loss of Sp1 delayed double-strand breaks (DSB) repair and increased IR-induced apoptosis of GBM cells. Taken together, IR upregulates Sp1 expression in GBM cells, enhancing the activity of DNA-PKcs and promoting IR-induced DSB repair, thereby leading to increased radioresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiongxiong Liu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; (X.L.); (T.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chao Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; (X.L.); (T.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiqi Wang
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Ping Li
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; (X.L.); (T.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; (X.L.); (T.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; (X.L.); (T.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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11
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Kan LK, Drill M, Jayakrishnan PC, Sequeira RP, Galea E, Todaro M, Sanfilippo PG, Hunn M, Williams DA, O'Brien TJ, Drummond KJ, Monif M. P2X7 receptor antagonism by AZ10606120 significantly reduced in vitro tumour growth in human glioblastoma. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8435. [PMID: 37225786 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35712-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastomas are highly aggressive and deadly brain tumours, with a median survival time of 14-18 months post-diagnosis. Current treatment modalities are limited and only modestly increase survival time. Effective therapeutic alternatives are urgently needed. The purinergic P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) is activated within the glioblastoma microenvironment and evidence suggests it contributes to tumour growth. Studies have implicated P2X7R involvement in a range of neoplasms, including glioblastomas, although the roles of P2X7R in the tumour milieu remain unclear. Here, we report a trophic, tumour-promoting role of P2X7R activation in both patient-derived primary glioblastoma cultures and the U251 human glioblastoma cell line, and demonstrate its inhibition reduces tumour growth in vitro. Primary glioblastoma and U251 cell cultures were treated with the specific P2X7R antagonist, AZ10606120 (AZ), for 72 h. The effects of AZ treatment were also compared to cells treated with the current first-line chemotherapeutic drug, temozolomide (TMZ), and a combination of both AZ and TMZ. P2X7R antagonism by AZ significantly depleted glioblastoma cell numbers compared to untreated cells, in both primary glioblastoma and U251 cultures. Notably, AZ treatment was more effective at tumour cell killing than TMZ. No synergistic effect between AZ and TMZ was observed. AZ treatment also significantly increased lactate dehydrogenase release in primary glioblastoma cultures, suggesting AZ-induced cellular cytotoxicity. Our results reveal a trophic role of P2X7R in glioblastoma. Importantly, these data highlight the potential for P2X7R inhibition as a novel and effective alternative therapeutic approach for patients with lethal glioblastomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyen K Kan
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Matthew Drill
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Richard P Sequeira
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Emily Galea
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Alfred, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Marian Todaro
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Neurology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Neurology, The Alfred, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Paul G Sanfilippo
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Martin Hunn
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Alfred, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - David A Williams
- Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Terence J O'Brien
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Neurology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Neurology, The Alfred, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Katharine J Drummond
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Mastura Monif
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Neurology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Neurology, The Alfred, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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12
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Agosti E, Panciani PP, Zeppieri M, De Maria L, Pasqualetti F, Tel A, Zanin L, Fontanella MM, Ius T. Tumor Microenvironment and Glioblastoma Cell Interplay as Promoters of Therapeutic Resistance. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12050736. [PMID: 37237548 DOI: 10.3390/biology12050736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The invasive nature of glioblastoma is problematic in a radical surgery approach and can be responsible for tumor recurrence. In order to create new therapeutic strategies, it is imperative to have a better understanding of the mechanisms behind tumor growth and invasion. The continuous cross-talk between glioma stem cells (GSCs) and the tumor microenvironment (TME) contributes to disease progression, which renders research in this field difficult and challenging. The main aim of the review was to assess the different possible mechanisms that could explain resistance to treatment promoted by TME and GSCs in glioblastoma, including the role of M2 macrophages, micro RNAs (miRNAs), and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) from exosomes from the TME. A systematic review of the literature on the role of the TME in developing and promoting radioresistance and chemoresistance of GBM was performed according to PRISMA-P (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols) guidelines. A dedicated literature review search was also performed on the immunotherapeutic agents against the immune TME. We identified 367 papers using the reported keywords. The final qualitative analysis was conducted on 25 studies. A growing amount of evidence in the current literature supports the role of M2 macrophages and non-coding RNAs in promoting the mechanisms of chemo and radioresistance. A better insight into how GBM cells interact with TME is an essential step towards comprehending the mechanisms that give rise to resistance to standard treatment, which can help to pave the way for the development of novel therapeutic strategies for GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Agosti
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Pier Paolo Panciani
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Marco Zeppieri
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, Piazzale S. Maria della Misericordia 15, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Lucio De Maria
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesco Pasqualetti
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, 56100 Pisa, Italy
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Alessandro Tel
- Clinic of Maxillofacial Surgery, Head-Neck and NeuroScience Department, University Hospital of Udine, Piazzale S. Maria della Misericordia 15, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Luca Zanin
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Marco Maria Fontanella
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Tamara Ius
- Neurosurgery Unit, Head-Neck and NeuroScience Department, University Hospital of Udine, Piazzale S. Maria della Misericordia 15, 33100 Udine, Italy
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13
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Müller A, Weyerhäuser P, Berte N, Jonin F, Lyubarskyy B, Sprang B, Kantelhardt SR, Salinas G, Opitz L, Schulz-Schaeffer W, Giese A, Kim EL. Concurrent Activation of Both Survival-Promoting and Death-Inducing Signaling by Chloroquine in Glioblastoma Stem Cells: Implications for Potential Risks and Benefits of Using Chloroquine as Radiosensitizer. Cells 2023; 12:cells12091290. [PMID: 37174691 PMCID: PMC10177603 DOI: 10.3390/cells12091290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysosomotropic agent chloroquine was shown to sensitize non-stem glioblastoma cells to radiation in vitro with p53-dependent apoptosis implicated as one of the underlying mechanisms. The in vivo outcomes of chloroquine or its effects on glioblastoma stem cells have not been previously addressed. This study undertakes a combinatorial approach encompassing in vitro, in vivo and in silico investigations to address the relationship between chloroquine-mediated radiosensitization and p53 status in glioblastoma stem cells. Our findings reveal that chloroquine elicits antagonistic impacts on signaling pathways involved in the regulation of cell fate via both transcription-dependent and transcription-independent mechanisms. Evidence is provided that transcriptional impacts of chloroquine are primarily determined by p53 with chloroquine-mediated activation of pro-survival mevalonate and p21-DREAM pathways being the dominant response in the background of wild type p53. Non-transcriptional effects of chloroquine are conserved and converge on key cell fate regulators ATM, HIPK2 and AKT in glioblastoma stem cells irrespective of their p53 status. Our findings indicate that pro-survival responses elicited by chloroquine predominate in the context of wild type p53 and are diminished in cells with transcriptionally impaired p53. We conclude that p53 is an important determinant of the balance between pro-survival and pro-death impacts of chloroquine and propose that p53 functional status should be taken into consideration when evaluating the efficacy of glioblastoma radiosensitization by chloroquine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Müller
- Experimental Neurooncology Group, Clinic for Neurosurgery, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Patrick Weyerhäuser
- Institute of Toxicology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Nancy Berte
- Experimental Neurooncology Group, Clinic for Neurosurgery, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Fitriasari Jonin
- Experimental Neurooncology Group, Clinic for Neurosurgery, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Bogdan Lyubarskyy
- Experimental Neurooncology Group, Clinic for Neurosurgery, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Bettina Sprang
- Experimental Neurooncology Group, Clinic for Neurosurgery, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Sven Rainer Kantelhardt
- Experimental Neurooncology Group, Clinic for Neurosurgery, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Gabriela Salinas
- NGS Integrative Genomics Core Unit (NIG), Institute for Human Genetics, University Medical Centre, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lennart Opitz
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, ETH Zurich, University of Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Alf Giese
- Experimental Neurooncology Group, Clinic for Neurosurgery, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ella L Kim
- Experimental Neurooncology Group, Clinic for Neurosurgery, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, 55131 Mainz, Germany
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14
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Storozynsky QT, Agopsowicz KC, Noyce RS, Bukhari AB, Han X, Snyder N, Umer BA, Gamper AM, Godbout R, Evans DH, Hitt MM. Radiation combined with oncolytic vaccinia virus provides pronounced antitumor efficacy and induces immune protection in an aggressive glioblastoma model. Cancer Lett 2023; 562:216169. [PMID: 37061120 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is a malignant and immune-suppressed brain cancer that remains incurable despite the current standard of care. Radiotherapy is a mainstay of GB treatment, however invasive cancer cells outside the irradiated field and radioresistance preclude complete eradication of GB cells. Oncolytic virus therapy harnesses tumor-selective viruses to spread through and destroy tumors while stimulating antitumor immune responses, and thus has potential for use following radiotherapy. We demonstrate that oncolytic ΔF4LΔJ2R vaccinia virus (VACV) replicates in and induces cytotoxicity of irradiated brain tumor initiating cells in vitro. Importantly, a single 10 Gy dose of radiation combined with ΔF4LΔJ2R VACV produced considerably superior anticancer effects relative to either monotherapy when treating immune-competent orthotopic CT2A-luc mouse models-significantly extending survival and curing the majority of mice. Mice cured by the combination displayed significantly increased survival relative to naïve age-matched controls following intracranial tumor challenge, with some complete rejections. Further, the combination therapy was associated with an increased ratio of CD8+ effector T cells to regulatory T cells compared to either monotherapy. This study validates the use of radiation with an oncolytic ΔF4LΔJ2R VACV to improve treatment of this malignant brain cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quinn T Storozynsky
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta (CRINA), University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - Ryan S Noyce
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Amirali B Bukhari
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta (CRINA), University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Xuefei Han
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Natalie Snyder
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Brittany A Umer
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Armin M Gamper
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta (CRINA), University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Roseline Godbout
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta (CRINA), University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - David H Evans
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Mary M Hitt
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta (CRINA), University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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15
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Park JA, Kim Y, Yang J, Choi BK, Katoch N, Park S, Hur YH, Kim JW, Kim HJ, Kim HC. Effects of Irradiation on Brain Tumors Using MR-Based Electrical Conductivity Imaging. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010022. [PMID: 36612018 PMCID: PMC9817812 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation delivers sufficient energy inside the human body to create ions, which kills cancerous tissues either by damaging the DNA directly or by creating charged particles that can damage the DNA. Recent magnetic resonance (MR)-based conductivity imaging shows higher sensitivity than other MR techniques for evaluating the responses of normal tissues immediately after irradiation. However, it is still necessary to verify the responses of cancer tissues to irradiation by conductivity imaging for it to become a reliable tool in evaluating therapeutic effects in clinical practice. In this study, we applied MR-based conductivity imaging to mouse brain tumors to evaluate the responses in irradiated and non-irradiated tissues during the peri-irradiation period. Absolute conductivities of brain tissues were measured to quantify the irradiation effects, and the percentage changes were determined to estimate the degree of response. The conductivity of brain tissues with irradiation was higher than that without irradiation for all tissue types. The percentage changes of tumor tissues with irradiation were clearly different than those without irradiation. The measured conductivity and percentage changes between tumor rims and cores to irradiation were clearly distinguished. The contrast of the conductivity images following irradiation may reflect the response to the changes in cellularity and the amounts of electrolytes in tumor tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Ae Park
- Division of Applied RI, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Science, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngsung Kim
- Office of Strategic R&D Planning (MOTIE), Seoul 06152, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiung Yang
- Division of Applied RI, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Science, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Bup Kyung Choi
- Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Nitish Katoch
- Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungwoo Park
- Comprehensive Radiation Irradiation Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Science, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hoe Hur
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreas Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Woong Kim
- Department of Radiology, Chosun University Hospital, Gwangju 61453, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Joong Kim
- Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Chul Kim
- Department of Radiology, Chosun University Hospital, Gwangju 61453, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence:
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16
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The Molecular and Cellular Strategies of Glioblastoma and Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Cells Conferring Radioresistance. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113577. [PMID: 36362359 PMCID: PMC9656305 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation (IR) has been shown to play a crucial role in the treatment of glioblastoma (GBM; grade IV) and non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Nevertheless, recent studies have indicated that radiotherapy can offer only palliation owing to the radioresistance of GBM and NSCLC. Therefore, delineating the major radioresistance mechanisms may provide novel therapeutic approaches to sensitize these diseases to IR and improve patient outcomes. This review provides insights into the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying GBM and NSCLC radioresistance, where it sheds light on the role played by cancer stem cells (CSCs), as well as discusses comprehensively how the cellular dormancy/non-proliferating state and polyploidy impact on their survival and relapse post-IR exposure.
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17
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Berg TJ, Pietras A. Radiotherapy-induced remodeling of the tumor microenvironment by stromal cells. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:846-856. [PMID: 35143991 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells reside amongst a complex milieu of stromal cells and structural features known as the tumor microenvironment. Often cancer cells divert and co-opt functions of stromal cells of the microenvironment to support tumor progression and treatment resistance. During therapy targeting cancer cells, the stromal cells of the microenvironment receive therapy to the same extent as cancer cells. Stromal cells therefore activate a variety of responses to the damage induced by these therapies, and some of those responses may support tumor progression and resistance. We review here the response of stromal cells to cancer therapy with a focus on radiotherapy in glioblastoma. We highlight the response of endothelial cells and the vasculature, macrophages and microglia, and astrocytes, as well as describing resulting changes in the extracellular matrix. We emphasize the complex interplay of these cellular factors in their dynamic responses. Finally, we discuss their resulting support of cancer cells in tumor progression and therapy resistance. Understanding the stromal cell response to therapy provides insight into complementary therapeutic targets to enhance tumor response to existing treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy J Berg
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Alexander Pietras
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
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18
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Tong S, Xia M, Xu Y, Sun Q, Ye L, Cai J, Ye Z, Tian D. Identification and validation of a 17-gene signature to improve the survival prediction of gliomas. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1000396. [PMID: 36248799 PMCID: PMC9556650 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1000396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are one of the most frequent types of nervous system tumours and have significant morbidity and mortality rates. As a result, it is critical to fully comprehend the molecular mechanism of glioma to predict prognosis and target gene therapy. The goal of this research was to discover the hub genes of glioma and investigate their prognostic and diagnostic usefulness. In this study, we collected mRNA expression profiles and clinical information from glioma patients in the TCGA, GTEx, GSE68848, and GSE4920 databases. WGCNA and differential expression analysis identified 170 DEGs in the collected datasets. GO and KEGG pathway analyses revealed that DEGs were mainly enriched in gliogenesis and extracellular matrix. LASSO was performed to construct prognostic signatures in the TCGA cohort, and 17 genes were used to build risk models and were validated in the CGGA database. The ROC curve confirmed the accuracy of the prognostic signature. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that all independent risk factors for glioma except gender. Next, we performed ssGSEA to demonstrate a high correlation between risk score and immunity. Subsequently, 7 hub genes were identified by the PPI network and found to have great drug targeting potential. Finally, RPL39, as one of the hub genes, was found to be closely related to the prognosis of glioma patients. Knockdown of RPL39 in vitro significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of glioma cells, whereas overexpression of RPL39 had the opposite effect. And we found that knockdown of RPL39 inhibited the polarization and infiltration of M2 phenotype macrophages. In conclusion, our new prognosis-related model provides more potential therapeutic strategies for glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiao Tong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Minqi Xia
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Liguo Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiayang Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhang Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Daofeng Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Daofeng Tian,
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19
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Shi J, Yang N, Han M, Qiu C. Emerging roles of ferroptosis in glioma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:993316. [PMID: 36072803 PMCID: PMC9441765 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.993316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most common primary malignant tumor in the central nervous system, and directly affects the quality of life and cognitive function of patients. Ferroptosis, is a new form of regulated cell death characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. Ferroptosis is mainly due to redox imbalance and involves multiple intracellular biology processes, such as iron metabolism, lipid metabolism, and antioxidants synthesis. Induction of ferroptosis could be a new target for glioma treatment, and ferroptosis-related processes are associated with chemoresistance and radioresistance in glioma. In the present review, we provide the characteristics, key regulators and pathways of ferroptosis and the crosstalk between ferroptosis and other programmed cell death in glioma, we also proposed the application and prospect of ferroptosis in the treatment of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Shi
- School of Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory and Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, China
| | - Ning Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory and Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mingzhi Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory and Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, China
- Medical Integration and Practice Center, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chen Qiu
- School of Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Chen Qiu,
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20
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Mafi A, Rahmati A, Babaei Aghdam Z, Salami R, Salami M, Vakili O, Aghadavod E. Recent insights into the microRNA-dependent modulation of gliomas from pathogenesis to diagnosis and treatment. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2022; 27:65. [PMID: 35922753 PMCID: PMC9347108 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-022-00354-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most lethal primary brain tumors in adults. These highly invasive tumors have poor 5-year survival for patients. Gliomas are principally characterized by rapid diffusion as well as high levels of cellular heterogeneity. However, to date, the exact pathogenic mechanisms, contributing to gliomas remain ambiguous. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), as small noncoding RNAs of about 20 nucleotides in length, are known as chief modulators of different biological processes at both transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. More recently, it has been revealed that these noncoding RNA molecules have essential roles in tumorigenesis and progression of multiple cancers, including gliomas. Interestingly, miRNAs are able to modulate diverse cancer-related processes such as cell proliferation and apoptosis, invasion and migration, differentiation and stemness, angiogenesis, and drug resistance; thus, impaired miRNAs may result in deterioration of gliomas. Additionally, miRNAs can be secreted into cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), as well as the bloodstream, and transported between normal and tumor cells freely or by exosomes, converting them into potential diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers for gliomas. They would also be great therapeutic agents, especially if they could cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Accordingly, in the current review, the contribution of miRNAs to glioma pathogenesis is first discussed, then their glioma-related diagnostic/prognostic and therapeutic potential is highlighted briefly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Mafi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Atefe Rahmati
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Basic Science, Neyshabur University of Medical Science, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Zahra Babaei Aghdam
- Imaging Sciences Research Group, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Raziyeh Salami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Salami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Omid Vakili
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Esmat Aghadavod
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran. .,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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21
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Roy C, Avril S, Legendre C, Lelièvre B, Vellenriter H, Boni S, Cayon J, Guillet C, Guilloux Y, Chérel M, Hindré F, Garcion E. A role for ceruloplasmin in the control of human glioblastoma cell responses to radiation. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:843. [PMID: 35918659 PMCID: PMC9347084 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09808-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma (GB) is the most common and most aggressive malignant brain tumor. In understanding its resistance to conventional treatments, iron metabolism and related pathways may represent a novel avenue. As for many cancer cells, GB cell growth is dependent on iron, which is tightly involved in red-ox reactions related to radiotherapy effectiveness. From new observations indicating an impact of RX radiations on the expression of ceruloplasmin (CP), an important regulator of iron metabolism, the aim of the present work was to study the functional effects of constitutive expression of CP within GB lines in response to beam radiation depending on the oxygen status (21% O2 versus 3% O2). Methods and results After analysis of radiation responses (Hoechst staining, LDH release, Caspase 3 activation) in U251-MG and U87-MG human GB cell lines, described as radiosensitive and radioresistant respectively, the expression of 9 iron partners (TFR1, DMT1, FTH1, FTL, MFRN1, MFRN2, FXN, FPN1, CP) were tested by RTqPCR and western blots at 3 and 8 days following 4 Gy irradiation. Among those, only CP was significantly downregulated, both at transcript and protein levels in the two lines, with however, a weaker effect in the U87-MG, observable at 3% O2. To investigate specific role of CP in GB radioresistance, U251-MG and U87-MG cells were modified genetically to obtain CP depleted and overexpressing cells, respectively. Manipulation of CP expression in GB lines demonstrated impact both on cell survival and on activation of DNA repair/damage machinery (γH2AX); specifically high levels of CP led to increased production of reactive oxygen species, as shown by elevated levels of superoxide anion, SOD1 synthesis and cellular Fe2 + . Conclusions Taken together, these in vitro results indicate for the first time that CP plays a positive role in the efficiency of radiotherapy on GB cells. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-09808-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Roy
- Université d'Angers, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Nantes Université, CRCI2NA, F-49000, Angers, France
| | - Sylvie Avril
- Université d'Angers, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Nantes Université, CRCI2NA, F-49000, Angers, France
| | - Claire Legendre
- Université d'Angers, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Nantes Université, CRCI2NA, F-49000, Angers, France
| | - Bénédicte Lelièvre
- Centre Régional de Pharmacovigilance, Laboratoire de Pharmacologie-Toxicologie, CHU Angers, 4 rue Larrey, F-49100, Angers, France
| | - Honorine Vellenriter
- Université d'Angers, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Nantes Université, CRCI2NA, F-49000, Angers, France
| | - Sébastien Boni
- Université d'Angers, SFR ICAT, Lentivec, F-49000, Angers, France
| | - Jérôme Cayon
- Université d'Angers, SFR ICAT, PACeM, F-49000, Angers, France
| | | | - Yannick Guilloux
- Nantes Université, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Université d'Angers, CRCI2NA, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Michel Chérel
- Nantes Université, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Université d'Angers, CRCI2NA, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - François Hindré
- Université d'Angers, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Nantes Université, CRCI2NA, F-49000, Angers, France.,Université d'Angers, SFR ICAT, PRIMEX, F-49000, Angers, France
| | - Emmanuel Garcion
- Université d'Angers, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Nantes Université, CRCI2NA, F-49000, Angers, France. .,Université d'Angers, SFR ICAT, PACeM, F-49000, Angers, France. .,Université d'Angers, SFR ICAT, PRIMEX, F-49000, Angers, France. .,GLIAD - Design and Application of Innovative Local Treatments in Glioblastoma, CRCI2NA, Team 5, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Institut de Biologie en Santé (IBS) - CHU, 4 rue Larrey, Angers, France.
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22
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Gawel AM, Singh R, Debinski W. Metal-Based Nanostructured Therapeutic Strategies for Glioblastoma Treatment-An Update. Biomedicines 2022; 10:1598. [PMID: 35884903 PMCID: PMC9312866 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most commonly diagnosed and most lethal primary malignant brain tumor in adults. Standard treatments are ineffective, and despite promising results obtained in early phases of experimental clinical trials, the prognosis of GBM remains unfavorable. Therefore, there is need for exploration and development of innovative methods that aim to establish new therapies or increase the effectiveness of existing therapies. One of the most exciting new strategies enabling combinatory treatment is the usage of nanocarriers loaded with chemotherapeutics and/or other anticancer compounds. Nanocarriers exhibit unique properties in antitumor therapy, as they allow highly efficient drug transport into cells and sustained intracellular accumulation of the delivered cargo. They can be infused into and are retained by GBM tumors, and potentially can bypass the blood-brain barrier. One of the most promising and extensively studied groups of nanostructured therapeutics are metal-based nanoparticles. These theranostic nanocarriers demonstrate relatively low toxicity, thus they might be applied for both diagnosis and therapy. In this article, we provide an update on metal-based nanostructured constructs in the treatment of GBM. We focus on the interaction of metal nanoparticles with various forms of electromagnetic radiation for use in photothermal, photodynamic, magnetic hyperthermia and ionizing radiation sensitization applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata M. Gawel
- Histology and Embryology Students’ Science Association, Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Chalubinskiego 5, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Ravi Singh
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA;
| | - Waldemar Debinski
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA;
- Brain Tumor Center of Excellence, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
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23
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Ho KT, Chen PF, Chuang JY, Gean PW, Hsueh YS. A heat shock protein 90 inhibitor reduces oncoprotein expression and induces cell death in heterogeneous glioblastoma cells with EGFR, PDGFRA, CDK4, and NF1 aberrations. Life Sci 2022; 288:120176. [PMID: 34848192 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly malignant brain tumor. After treatment with the first-line drug temozolomide, only 50% of patients are responsive. Recent literature shows that the difficulty in treating GBM is mainly due to the heterogeneity of its four major cellular states, which are characterized by differences in EGFR, PDGFRA, CDK4, and NF1. Therefore, development of a multitarget drug is a potential strategy for treating heterogeneous GBM. MAIN METHODS In this study, the antitumor ability of a potent heat shock protein 90 inhibitor, NVP-AUY922 (AUY922), was evaluated in GBM cell lines (U-87 MG and T98G cells) and patient-derived GBM cell lines [P#5 and P#5 temozolomide-resistant (TMZ-R) cells]. KEY FINDINGS We found that AUY922 significantly reduced cell viability and colony formation in four GBM cell lines. AUY922 also significantly induced apoptosis by increasing PARP1 cleavage and the number of annexin V-positive cells. The autophagy indicators as MAP1LC3B cleavage and MAP1LC3B puncta were increased after AUY922 treatment. AUY922-induced cell death could be partially reversed by pharmacological inhibition of either apoptotic inhibitor or autophagy inhibitor. Moreover, AUY922 reduced the mRNA and protein expressions of EGFR, PDGFRA, CDK4, and NF1, which contribute to the four cellular state subtypes in GBM cells. In addition, the downstream signaling proteins of these four proteins, AKT/p-AKT, MAPK/p-MAPK, and BRAF, were downregulated after AUY922 treatment. SIGNIFICANCE Taken together, AUY922 led to GBM cell death via apoptosis and autophagy, and reduced the mRNA and protein expression of EGFR, PDGFRA, CDK4, and NF1in heterogeneous GBM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Ta Ho
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Fan Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Ying Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Wu Gean
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Yuan-Shuo Hsueh
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Medical Science Industries, College of Health Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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24
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Wu Q, Yin X, Zhao W, Xu W, Chen L. Downregulation of SFRP2 facilitates cancer stemness and radioresistance of glioma cells via activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260864. [PMID: 34852024 PMCID: PMC8635357 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Secreted frizzled-related protein 2 (SFRP2) is a glycoprotein with frizzled-like cysteine-rich domain that binds with Wnt ligands or frizzled receptors to regulate Wnt signaling. SFRP2 is frequently hypermethylated in glioma patients, and analysis of TCGA data indicates that SFRP2 is one of the most downregulated genes in radiotherapy treated glioma patients. In the present study, we aimed to explore the potential function of SFRP2 in tumorigenesis and radioresistance of glioma. The RNA sequencing data of TCGA glioma samples were downloaded and analyzed. SFRP2 expression in 166 glioma patients was evaluated by qRT-PCR. The potential functions of SFRP2 in glioma were evaluated by loss-of-function assays and gain-of-function assays in glioma cell lines. We found that SFRP2 was downregulated in radiotherapy-treated glioma patients, and low SFRP2 expression was correlated with advanced tumor stage and poor prognosis. CRISP/Cas9-meidated SFRP2 knockdown promoted soft agar colony formation, cancer stemness and radioresistance of glioma cells, while enforced SFRP2 expression exhibited opposite effects. Moreover, Wnt/β-catenin signaling was activated in radiotherapy treated glioma patients. SFRP2 knockdown activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling in glioma cell lines, while overexpression of SFRP2 inhibited Wnt/β-catenin activation. Besides, pharmacological inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling by XAV-939 abrogated the effects of SFRP2 knockdown on cancer stemness and radioresistance of glioma cells. Our data for the first time demonstrated a role of SFRP2 in radioresistance of glioma cells, and suggested that inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling might be a potential strategy for increasing radiosensitivity of glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quansheng Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Wenbo Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Wenli Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Laizhao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
- * E-mail:
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25
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Effects of the Combined Treatment with a G-Quadruplex-Stabilizing Ligand and Photon Beams on Glioblastoma Stem-like Cells: A Magnetic Resonance Study. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312709. [PMID: 34884511 PMCID: PMC8657890 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme is a malignant primary brain tumor with a poor prognosis and high rates of chemo-radiotherapy failure, mainly due to a small cell fraction with stem-like properties (GSCs). The mechanisms underlying GSC response to radiation need to be elucidated to enhance sensitivity to treatments and to develop new therapeutic strategies. In a previous study, two GSC lines, named line #1 and line #83, responded differently to carbon ions and photon beams, with the differences likely attributable to their own different metabolic fingerprint rather than to radiation type. Data from the literature showed the capability of RHPS4, a G-quadruplex stabilizing ligand, to sensitize the glioblastoma radioresistant U251MG cells to X-rays. The combined metabolic effect of ligand #190, a new RHPS4-derivative showing reduced cardiotoxicity, and a photon beam has been monitored by magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy for the two GSC lines, #1 and #83, to reveal whether a synergistic response occurs. MR spectra from both lines were affected by single and combined treatments, but the variations of the analysed metabolites were statistically significant mainly in line #1, without synergistic effects due to combination. The multivariate analysis of ten metabolites shows a separation between control and treated samples in line #1 regardless of treatment type, while separation was not detected in line #83.
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26
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Ye L, Xu Y, Hu P, Wang L, Yang J, Yuan F, Wang Y, Zhang C, Tian D, Chen Q. Development and Verification of Glutamatergic Synapse-Associated Prognosis Signature for Lower-Grade Gliomas. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:720899. [PMID: 34776862 PMCID: PMC8581158 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.720899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Lower-grade glioma (LGG) is the most common histology identified in gliomas, a heterogeneous tumor that may develop into high-grade malignant glioma that seriously shortens patient survival time. Recent studies reported that glutamatergic synapses might play an essential role in the progress of gliomas. However, the role of glutamatergic synapse-related biomarkers in LGG has not been systemically researched yet. Methods: The mRNA expression data of glioma and normal brain tissue were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas database and Genotype-Tissue Expression, respectively, and the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas database was used as a validation set. Difference analysis was performed to evaluate the expression pattern of glutamatergic synapse-related genes (GSRGs) in LGG. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression was applied to construct the glutamatergic synapse-related risk signature (GSRS), and the risk score of each LGG sample was calculated based on the coefficients and expression value of selected GSRGs. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to investigate the prognostic value of risk score. Immunity profile and single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) were performed to explore the association between risk score and the characters of tumor microenvironment in LGG. Gene set variation analysis (GSVA) was performed to investigate the potential pathways related to GSRS. The HPA database and real-time PCR were used to identify the expression of hub genes identified in GSRS. Results: A total of 22 genes of 39 GSRGs were found differentially expressed among normal and LGG samples. Through the LASSO algorithm, 14-genes GSRS constructed were associated with the prognosis and clinicopathological features of patients with LGG. Furthermore, the risk score level was significantly positively correlated with the infiltrating level of immunosuppressive cells, including M2 macrophages and regulatory T cells. GSVA identified a series of cancer-related pathways related to GSRS, such as P13K-AKT and P53 pathways. Moreover, ATAD1, NLGN2, OXTR, and TNR, hub genes identified in GSRS, were considered as potential prognostic biomarkers in LGG. Conclusion: A 14-genes GSRS was constructed and verified in this study. We provided a novel insight into the role of GSRS in LGG through a series of bioinformatics methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liguo Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ping Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Long Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ji'an Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fan'en Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yixuan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunyu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Daofeng Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qianxue Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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27
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Knockdown of LncRNA SNHG1 Suppresses Corneal Angiogenesis by the Regulation of miR-195-5p/VEGF-A. J Ophthalmol 2021; 2021:6646512. [PMID: 34712495 PMCID: PMC8548121 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6646512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
LncRNA SNHG1 (SNHG1) has been widely studied as the causative factor of angiogenesis and proliferative agent in gastric, lung, cervical, and hepatocellular carcinomas. However, its significance of angiogenesis and progression of corneal neovascularization (CRNV) is least understood. This study focuses on the molecular mechanisms followed by SNHG1 to establish CRNV and its angiogenesis. Bioinformatics analysis to identify potential miRNA targets of SNHG1 and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) was conducted using StarBase and was subsequently confirmed by the luciferase reporter assay. Relative quantitative expression of SNHG1 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was detected through qRT-PCR and western blot analysis. Cell proliferation was detected through CCK-8 assay, whereas migratory abilities of the cells were determined with transwell assay. A capillary-like tube formation assay was performed to detect the tube formation ability of the cells. Following this, relative expression of miR-195-5p and VEGF-A was determined through qRT-PCR and western blot analysis. Results from the experiments manifested upregulated levels of SNHG1 and VEGF-A in HUVECs and CRNV tissues as compared with the control group, whereas downregulated levels of miR-195-5p were measured in the CRNV tissues and HUVECs, suggesting the negative correlation between lncRNA and miRNA. Overexpressed vascular endothelial growth factor promoted cell proliferation and tube formation; however, its silencing leads to inhibition in angiogenesis and proliferation. Potential binding sites of SNHG1 showed miR-195-5p as its direct target and SNHG1 as a sponge for this miRNA. Knockdown and downregulated levels of SNHG1 showed a notable decrease and inhibition in angiogenesis and migration of CRNV cells. The study showed that SNHG1 inhibition significantly reduced cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation in HUVECs transfect with lncRNA SNHG1. Mechanistic insights into the SNHG1 showed that SNHG1 acts as a sponge for miR-195-5p and upregulates the levels of VEGF-A.
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28
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Verma A, Arora A, Bhatt AN, Arya MB, Prasad AK, Parmar VS, Dwarakanath BS. Radiosensitization of calreticulin-overexpressing human glioma cell line by the polyphenolic acetate 7, 8-diacetoxy-4-methylcoumarin. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2021; 5:e1326. [PMID: 34472223 PMCID: PMC9780425 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calreticulin (CRT), an endoplasmic reticulum-resident protein generally overexpressed in cancer cells, is associated with radiation resistance. CRT shows higher transacetylase activity, as shown by us earlier, in the presence of the polyphenolic acetates (like 7, 8-diacetoxy-4-methylcoumarin, DAMC) and modifies the activity of a number of proteins, thereby influencing cell signaling. AIM To investigate the relationship between CRT expression and radiation response in a human glioma cell line and to evaluate the radiomodifying effects of DAMC. METHODS AND RESULTS Studies were carried out in an established human glioma cell line (BMG-1) and its isogenic clone overexpressing CRT (CROE, CRT-overexpressing cells) by analyzing clonogenic survival, cell proliferation, micronuclei analysis, and protein levels by Western blotting as parameters of responses. CRT overexpression conferred resistance against radiation-induced cell death in CROE cells (D37 = 7.35 Gy, D10 = 12.6 Gy and D0 = 7.25 Gy) as compared to BMG-1 cells (D37 = 5.70 Gy, D10 = 9.2 Gy and D0 = 5.6 Gy). A lower level of radiation-induced micronuclei formation observed in CROE cells suggested that reduced induction and/or enhanced DNA repair partly contributed to the enhanced radioresistance. Consistent with this suggestion, we noted that CRT-mediated radioresistance was coupled with enhanced grp78 level and reduced P53 activation-mediated prodeath signaling, while no changes were noted in acetylation of histone H4. DAMC-enhanced radiation-induced delayed (secondary) apoptosis, which was higher in CROE cells. CONCLUSION CRT overexpression confers resistance against radiation-induced death of human glioma cells, which can be overcome by the polyphenolic acetate DAMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Verma
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig. S. K. Majumdar MargDelhiIndia,Present address:
PACT & Health LLC, BranfordConnecticut, 06405‐2546USA
| | - Aastha Arora
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig. S. K. Majumdar MargDelhiIndia
| | - Anant N Bhatt
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig. S. K. Majumdar MargDelhiIndia
| | | | - Ashok K Prasad
- Bioorganic Laboratory, Department of ChemistryUniversity of DelhiDelhiIndia
| | - Virinder S Parmar
- Bioorganic Laboratory, Department of ChemistryUniversity of DelhiDelhiIndia,Department of Chemistry and Environmental ScienceMedgar Evers College, The City University of New YorkBrooklynNew York
| | - Bilikere S Dwarakanath
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig. S. K. Majumdar MargDelhiIndia,Central Research FacilitySri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and ResearchChennaiIndia
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29
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Di L, Zhao X, Ding J. Knockdown of circ_0008344 contributes to radiosensitization in glioma via miR-433-3p/RNF2 axis. J Biosci 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-021-00198-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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30
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Ye L, Wang L, Yang J, Hu P, Zhang C, Tong S, Liu Z, Tian D. Identification of tumor antigens and immune subtypes in lower grade gliomas for mRNA vaccine development. J Transl Med 2021; 19:352. [PMID: 34404444 PMCID: PMC8369324 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-03014-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As an important part of tumor immunotherapy for adjunct, therapeutic tumor vaccines have been effective against multiple solid cancers, while their efficacy against lower grade glioma (LGG) remains undefined. Immunophenotyping of tumors is an essential tool to evaluate the immune function of patients with immunodeficiency or autoimmunity. Therefore, this study aims to find the potential tumor antigen of LGG and identify the suitable population for cancer vaccination based on the immune landscape. METHOD The genomic and clinical data of 529 patients with LGG were obtained from TCGA, the mRNA_seq data of normal brain tissue were downloaded from GTEx. Differential expression gene and mutation analysis were performed to screen out potential antigens, K-M curves were carried out to investigate the correlation between the level of potential antigens and OS and DFS of patients. TIMER dataset was used to explore the correlation between genes and immune infiltrating cells. Immunophenotyping of 529 tumor samples was based on the single-sample gene sets enrichment analysis. Cibersort and Estimate algorithm were used to explore the tumor immune microenvironment characteristics in each immune subtype. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) clustered immune-related genes and screened the hub genes, and pathway enrichment analyses were performed on the hub modules related to immune subtype in the WGCNA. RESULTS Selecting for the mutated, up-regulated, prognosis- and immune-related genes, four potential tumor antigens were identified in LGG. They were also significantly positively associated with the antigen-presenting immune cells (APCs). Three robust immune subtypes, IS1, IS2 and IS3, represented immune status "desert", "immune inhibition", and "inflamed" respectively, which might serve as a predictive parameter. Subsequently, clinicopathological features, including the codeletion status of 1p19q, IDH mutation status, tumor mutation burden, tumor stemness, etc., were significantly different among subtypes. CONCLUSION FCGBP, FLNC, TLR7, and CSF2RA were potential antigens for developing cancer vaccination, and the patients in IS3 were considered the most suitable for vaccination in LGG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liguo Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, P.R. China
| | - Long Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, P.R. China
| | - Ji'an Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, P.R. China
| | - Ping Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, P.R. China
| | - Chunyu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, P.R. China
| | - Shi'ao Tong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, P.R. China
| | - Zhennan Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, P.R. China
| | - Daofeng Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, P.R. China.
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Zhang Y, Wang Y, Zhou D, Wang K, Wang X, Wang X, Jiang Y, Zhao M, Yu R, Zhou X. Radiation-induced YAP activation confers glioma radioresistance via promoting FGF2 transcription and DNA damage repair. Oncogene 2021; 40:4580-4591. [PMID: 34127812 PMCID: PMC8266683 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01878-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Although radiotherapy is a well-known effective non-surgical treatment for malignant gliomas, the therapeutic efficacy is severely limited due to the radioresistance of tumor cells. Previously, we demonstrated that Yes-associated protein (YAP) promotes glioma malignant progression. However, whether YAP plays a role in radioresistance and its potential value in cancer treatment are still unclear. In this study, we found that high YAP expression is associated with poor prognosis in malignant glioma patients undergoing radiotherapy. Research in immortalized cell lines and primary cells from GBM patients revealed that YAP exhibited a radioresistant effect on gliomas via promoting DNA damage repair. Mechanistically, after radiation, YAP was translocated into the nucleus, where it promoted the expression and secretion of FGF2, leading to MAPK-ERK pathway activation. FGF2 is a novel target gene of YAP. Inhibition of YAP-FGF2-MAPK signaling sensitizes gliomas to radiotherapy and prolongs the survival of intracranial cell-derived and patient-derived xenograft models. These results suggest that YAP-FGF2-MAPK is a key mechanism of radioresistance and is an actionable target for improving radiotherapy efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ding Zhou
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Jiang
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rutong Yu
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xiuping Zhou
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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Jokovic M, Somma T, Ilic R, Guizzardi G, Stanimirovic A, Raicevic S, Milicevic M, Grujicic D, Solari D. Primary spinal glioblastoma multiforme. Single center experience and literature review. INTERDISCIPLINARY NEUROSURGERY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inat.2021.101109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Evofosfamide Is Effective against Pediatric Aggressive Glioma Cell Lines in Hypoxic Conditions and Potentiates the Effect of Cytotoxic Chemotherapy and Ionizing Radiations. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13081804. [PMID: 33918823 PMCID: PMC8070185 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13081804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Despite many therapeutic approaches attempted over the last years, the prognosis of children with high-grade glioma or diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma remains dismal. Hypoxia-activated prodrugs (HAPs) were developed to target hypoxic areas within solid tumors as gliomas. Evofosfamide (Evo) is a 2nd generation HAP exhibiting significant preclinical and clinical activities against adult glioblastoma. We thus investigated the potential of Evo in six pediatric glioma cell lines. Interestingly, we showed that the growth of all cell lines was inhibited by Evo, mainly under hypoxia as expected. We also evidenced a significant synergism between Evo and three drugs widely used in pediatric oncology. Finally, Evo appeared able to potentiate the effect of ionizing radiations. Since these tumors are highly hypoxic and Evo appears effective in hypoxic glioma cells as a single drug and in combination with radio- and chemotherapy, hypoxia-activated prodrugs could represent a promising therapeutic option for children with brain tumors. Abstract Hypoxia is a hallmark of many solid tumors and is associated with resistance to anticancer treatments. Hypoxia-activated prodrugs (HAPs) were developed to target the hypoxic regions of these tumors. Among 2nd generation HAPs, Evofosfamide (Evo, also known as TH-302) exhibits preclinical and clinical activities against adult glioblastoma. In this study, we evaluated its potential in the field of pediatric neuro-oncology. We assessed the efficacy of Evo in vitro as a single drug, or in combination with SN38, doxorubicin, and etoposide, against three pediatric high-grade glioma (pHGG) and three diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) cell lines under hypoxic conditions. We also investigated radio-sensitizing effects using clonogenic assays. Evo inhibited the growth of all cell lines, mainly under hypoxia. We also highlighted a significant synergism between Evo and doxorubicin, SN38, or etoposide. Finally, Evo radio-sensitized the pHGG cell line tested, both with fractionated and single-dose irradiation schedules. Altogether, we report here the first preclinical proof of evidence about Evofosfamide efficiency against hypoxic pHGG and DIPG cells. Since such tumors are highly hypoxic, and Evo potentiates the effect of ionizing radiation and chemotherapy, it appears as a promising therapeutic strategy for children with brain tumors.
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Orth M, Albrecht V, Seidl K, Kinzel L, Unger K, Hess J, Kreutzer L, Sun N, Stegen B, Nieto A, Maas J, Winssinger N, Friedl AA, Walch AK, Belka C, Zitzelsberger H, Niyazi M, Lauber K. Inhibition of HSP90 as a Strategy to Radiosensitize Glioblastoma: Targeting the DNA Damage Response and Beyond. Front Oncol 2021; 11:612354. [PMID: 33816244 PMCID: PMC8011354 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.612354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is an essential component of multi-modality treatment of glioblastoma (GBM). However, treatment failure and recurrence are frequent and give rise to the dismal prognosis of this aggressive type of primary brain tumor. A high level of inherent treatment resistance is considered to be the major underlying reason, stemming from constantly activated DNA damage response (DDR) mechanisms as a consequence of oncogene overexpression, persistent replicative stress, and other so far unknown reasons. The molecular chaperone heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) plays an important role in the establishment and maintenance of treatment resistance, since it crucially assists the folding and stabilization of various DDR regulators. Accordingly, inhibition of HSP90 represents a multi-target strategy to interfere with DDR function and to sensitize cancer cells to radiotherapy. Using NW457, a pochoxime-based HSP90 inhibitor with favorable brain pharmacokinetic profile, we show here that HSP90 inhibition at low concentrations with per se limited cytotoxicity leads to downregulation of various DNA damage response factors on the protein level, distinct transcriptomic alterations, impaired DNA damage repair, and reduced clonogenic survival in response to ionizing irradiation in glioblastoma cells in vitro. In vivo, HSP90 inhibition by NW457 improved the therapeutic outcome of fractionated CBCT-based irradiation in an orthotopic, syngeneic GBM mouse model, both in terms of tumor progression and survival. Nevertheless, in view of the promising in vitro results the in vivo efficacy was not as strong as expected, although apart from the radiosensitizing effects HSP90 inhibition also reduced irradiation-induced GBM cell migration and tumor invasiveness. Hence, our findings identify the combination of HSP90 inhibition and radiotherapy in principle as a promising strategy for GBM treatment whose performance needs to be further optimized by improved inhibitor substances, better formulations and/or administration routes, and fine-tuned treatment sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Orth
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Valerie Albrecht
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Karin Seidl
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Linda Kinzel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Kristian Unger
- Research Unit Radiation Cytogenetics, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Julia Hess
- Research Unit Radiation Cytogenetics, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lisa Kreutzer
- Research Unit Radiation Cytogenetics, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Na Sun
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Stegen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexander Nieto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jessica Maas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nicolas Winssinger
- Department of Organic Chemistry, NCCR Chemical Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Anna A Friedl
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Axel K Walch
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Claus Belka
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium, Munich, Germany.,Clinical Cooperation Group Personalized Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Horst Zitzelsberger
- Research Unit Radiation Cytogenetics, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Neuherberg, Germany.,Clinical Cooperation Group Personalized Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Niyazi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Kirsten Lauber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium, Munich, Germany.,Clinical Cooperation Group Personalized Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
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Wang X, Guo J, Yu P, Guo L, Mao X, Wang J, Miao S, Sun J. The roles of extracellular vesicles in the development, microenvironment, anticancer drug resistance, and therapy of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:35. [PMID: 33478586 PMCID: PMC7819156 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-01840-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the main malignant tumours affecting human health, mainly due to delayed diagnosis and high invasiveness. Extracellular vehicles (EVs) are membranous vesicles released by cells into the extracellular matrix that carry important signalling molecules and stably and widely exist in various body fluids, such as plasma, saliva, cerebrospinal fluid, breast milk, urine, semen, lymphatic fluid, synovial fluid, amniotic fluid, and sputum. EVs transport almost all types of bioactive molecules (DNA, mRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs), proteins, metabolites, and even pharmacological compounds). These "cargoes" can act on recipient cells, reshaping the surrounding microenvironment and altering distant targets, ultimately affecting their biological behaviour. The extensive exploration of EVs has deepened our comprehensive understanding of HNSCC biology. In this review, we not only summarized the effect of HNSCC-derived EVs on the tumour microenvironment but also described the role of microenvironment-derived EVs in HNSCC and discussed how the "mutual dialogue" between the tumour and microenvironment mediates the growth, metastasis, angiogenesis, immune escape, and drug resistance of tumours. Finally, the clinical application of EVS in HNSCC was assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Wang
- Department of Head and Neck Tumors, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, No. 150, Haping Road, Nangang District, 150000, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Junnan Guo
- The First Department of Colorectal Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, No. 150, Haping Road, Nangang District, 150000, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Pingyang Yu
- Department of Head and Neck Tumors, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, No. 150, Haping Road, Nangang District, 150000, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Lunhua Guo
- Department of Head and Neck Tumors, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, No. 150, Haping Road, Nangang District, 150000, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xionghui Mao
- Department of Head and Neck Tumors, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, No. 150, Haping Road, Nangang District, 150000, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Junrong Wang
- Department of Head and Neck Tumors, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, No. 150, Haping Road, Nangang District, 150000, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Susheng Miao
- Department of Head and Neck Tumors, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, No. 150, Haping Road, Nangang District, 150000, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ji Sun
- Department of Head and Neck Tumors, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, No. 150, Haping Road, Nangang District, 150000, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.
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Duraj T, García-Romero N, Carrión-Navarro J, Madurga R, Ortiz de Mendivil A, Prat-Acin R, Garcia-Cañamaque L, Ayuso-Sacido A. Beyond the Warburg Effect: Oxidative and Glycolytic Phenotypes Coexist within the Metabolic Heterogeneity of Glioblastoma. Cells 2021; 10:202. [PMID: 33498369 PMCID: PMC7922554 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain tumor, with a median survival at diagnosis of 16-20 months. Metabolism represents a new attractive therapeutic target; however, due to high intratumoral heterogeneity, the application of metabolic drugs in GBM is challenging. We characterized the basal bioenergetic metabolism and antiproliferative potential of metformin (MF), dichloroacetate (DCA), sodium oxamate (SOD) and diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine (DON) in three distinct glioma stem cells (GSCs) (GBM18, GBM27, GBM38), as well as U87MG. GBM27, a highly oxidative cell line, was the most resistant to all treatments, except DON. GBM18 and GBM38, Warburg-like GSCs, were sensitive to MF and DCA, respectively. Resistance to DON was not correlated with basal metabolic phenotypes. In combinatory experiments, radiomimetic bleomycin exhibited therapeutically relevant synergistic effects with MF, DCA and DON in GBM27 and DON in all other cell lines. MF and DCA shifted the metabolism of treated cells towards glycolysis or oxidation, respectively. DON consistently decreased total ATP production. Our study highlights the need for a better characterization of GBM from a metabolic perspective. Metabolic therapy should focus on both glycolytic and oxidative subpopulations of GSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomás Duraj
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Applied Molecular Medicine (IMMA), CEU San Pablo University, 28668 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Noemí García-Romero
- Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Madrid, Spain; (N.G.-R.); (J.C.-N.); (R.M.)
- Brain Tumor Laboratory, Fundación Vithas, Grupo Hospitales Vithas, 28043 Madrid, Spain
| | - Josefa Carrión-Navarro
- Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Madrid, Spain; (N.G.-R.); (J.C.-N.); (R.M.)
- Brain Tumor Laboratory, Fundación Vithas, Grupo Hospitales Vithas, 28043 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Madurga
- Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Madrid, Spain; (N.G.-R.); (J.C.-N.); (R.M.)
- Brain Tumor Laboratory, Fundación Vithas, Grupo Hospitales Vithas, 28043 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ricardo Prat-Acin
- Neurosurgery Department, Hospital Universitario La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain;
| | | | - Angel Ayuso-Sacido
- Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Madrid, Spain; (N.G.-R.); (J.C.-N.); (R.M.)
- Brain Tumor Laboratory, Fundación Vithas, Grupo Hospitales Vithas, 28043 Madrid, Spain
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Allahgholipour SZ, Farzipour S, Ghasemi A, Asgarian-Omran H, Hosseinimehr SJ. The Radiosensitizing Effect of Olanzapine as an Antipsychotic Medication in Glioblastoma Cell. Curr Radiopharm 2021; 15:50-55. [PMID: 33494694 DOI: 10.2174/1874471014666210120100448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiotherapy is used as one of the most effective regimens for cancer treatment, while radioresistance is a major drawback in cancer treatment. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensitizing effect of olanzapine (OLA) with X-ray on glioblastoma (U-87 MG) cells death. METHODS The synergistic killing effect of OLA with ionizing radiation (IR) on glioma was evaluated by colony formation assay. The generations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and protein carbonyl (PC) as oxidized protein were determined in OLA and irradiated cells. RESULTS The results of this study showed that OLA reduced the number of colonies in irradiated glioma cells. OLA elevated ROS and PC levels in irradiated cells. The synergistic killing effect of OLA with IR in U-87 MG cell was observed at concentrations 1 µM and 20 µM of OLA. The maximum radiosensitizing effect of OLA was observed at concentration of 20 µM. CONCLUSION The present study demonstrates that OLA has radiosensitizing effect on cell death induced by IR in glioma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Zahra Allahgholipour
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari. Iran
| | - Soghra Farzipour
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari. Iran
| | - Arash Ghasemi
- Department of Radiology and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari. Iran
| | - Hossein Asgarian-Omran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari. Iran
| | - Seyed Jalal Hosseinimehr
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari. Iran
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Zabihzadeh M, Rabiei A, Shahbazian H, Razmjoo S. Investigating the Dosimetric Characteristics of Microbeam Radiation Treatment. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SIGNALS & SENSORS 2021; 11:45-51. [PMID: 34026590 PMCID: PMC8043115 DOI: 10.4103/jmss.jmss_12_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-radiation therapeutic gain could be achieved by the modern technique of microbeam radiation treatment (MRT). The aim of this study was to investigate the dosimetric properties of MRT. METHODS The EGSnrc Monte Carlo (MC) code system was used to transport photons and electrons in MRT. The mono-energetic beams (1 cm × 1 cm array) of 50, 100, and 150 keV and the spectrum photon beam (European Synchrotron Radiation Facility [ESRF]) were modeled to transport through multislit collimators with the aperture's widths of 25 and 50 μm and the center-to-center (c-t-c) distance between two adjacent microbeams (MBs) of 200 μm. The calculated phase spaces at the upper surface of water phantom (1 cm × 1 cm) were implemented in DOSXYZnrc code to calculate the percentage depth dose (PDD), the dose profile curves (in depths of 0-1, 1-2, and 3-4 cm), and the peak-to-valley dose ratios (PVDRs). RESULTS The PDD, dose profile curves, and PVDRs were calculated for different effective parameters. The more flatness of lateral dose profile was obtained for the ESRF spectrum MB. With constant c-t-c distance, an increase in the MB size increased the peak and valley dose; simultaneously, the PVDR was larger for the 25 μm MB (33.5) compared to 50 μm MB (21.9) beam, due to the decreased scattering photons followed to the lower overlapping of the adjacent MBs. An increase in the depth decreased the PVDRs (i.e., 54.9 in depth of 0-1 cm). CONCLUSION Our MC model of MRT successfully calculated the effect of dosimetric parameters including photon's energy, beam width, and depth to estimate the dose distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansour Zabihzadeh
- Cancer Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Golestan Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Atefeh Rabiei
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hojattollah Shahbazian
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Golestan Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Sasan Razmjoo
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Golestan Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Venu A, Archana B, Kanumuri R, Vuttaradhi VK, D'Cruze L, Murugan S, Ganesh K, Prathiba D, Dymova MA, Rayala SK, Venkatraman G. Clinical Evaluation of P21 Activated Kinase 1 (PAK1) Activation in Gliomas and Its Effect on Cell Proliferation. Cancer Invest 2020; 39:98-113. [PMID: 33251876 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2020.1858097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastomas are the primary malignant tumors of brain tissues with poor prognosis and highly invasive phenotypes. Till now Ki-67 LI has emerged as a well-studied proliferation marker that aids in tumor grading, but labeling index alone cannot predict overall survival in gliomas. P21 activated kinase 1 (PAK1) - a serine/threonine kinase has been shown to function as downstream nodule for various oncogenic signaling pathways that promote neoplastic changes. This study is designed to evaluate the expression of PAK1 across various grades and its correlation with Ki-67 LI and overall survival rates among a total number of 140 clinical brain tumors of glioma patients. We also studied the activation status of phospho PAK1 in glioma tissues and established the role of PAK1 in proliferation of glioblatoma cell lines under γ-irradiation.This study provides molecular evidence signifying the role of PAK1 and its activation status in the progression of Gliomas to more aggressive phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akkanapally Venu
- Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Technology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Balasubramanian Archana
- Department of Pathology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Rahul Kanumuri
- Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Technology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | | | - Lawrence D'Cruze
- Department of Pathology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Sowmiya Murugan
- Department of Pathology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Krishnamurthy Ganesh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sri Ramachandra Medical College, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Duvuru Prathiba
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Chennai, India
| | - Mayya Alexandrovna Dymova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Suresh Kumar Rayala
- Department of Pathology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Ganesh Venkatraman
- Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Technology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
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40
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Gold Nanopeanuts as Prospective Support for Cisplatin in Glioblastoma Nano-Chemo-Radiotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239082. [PMID: 33260340 PMCID: PMC7730046 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, we propose newly designed and synthesized gold nanopeanuts (Au NPes) as supports for cisplatin (cPt) immobilization, dedicated to combined glioblastoma nano-chemo-radiotherapy. Au NPes offer a large active surface, which can be used for drugs immobilization. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that the size of the synthesized Au NPes along the longitudinal axis is ~60 nm, while along the transverse axis ~20 nm. Raman, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DCS) measurements showed, that the created nanosystem is stable up to a temperature of 110 °C. MTT assay revealed, that the highest cell mortality was observed for cell lines subjected to nano-chemo-radiotherapy (20–55%). Hence, Au NPes with immobilized cPt (cPt@AuNPes) are a promising nanosystem to improve the therapeutic efficiency of combined nano-chemo-radiotherapy.
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41
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Ruiz-Garcia H, Alvarado-Estrada K, Schiapparelli P, Quinones-Hinojosa A, Trifiletti DM. Engineering Three-Dimensional Tumor Models to Study Glioma Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Microenvironment. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:558381. [PMID: 33177991 PMCID: PMC7596188 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.558381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and devastating primary brain tumor, leading to a uniform fatality after diagnosis. A major difficulty in eradicating GBM is the presence of microscopic residual infiltrating disease remaining after multimodality treatment. Glioma cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been pinpointed as the treatment-resistant tumor component that seeds ultimate tumor progression. Despite the key role of CSCs, the ideal preclinical model to study the genetic and epigenetic landmarks driving their malignant behavior while simulating an accurate interaction with the tumor microenvironment (TME) is still missing. The introduction of three-dimensional (3D) tumor platforms, such as organoids and 3D bioprinting, has allowed for a better representation of the pathophysiologic interactions between glioma CSCs and the TME. Thus, these technologies have enabled a more detailed study of glioma biology, tumor angiogenesis, treatment resistance, and even performing high-throughput screening assays of drug susceptibility. First, we will review the foundation of glioma biology and biomechanics of the TME, and then the most up-to-date insights about the applicability of these new tools in malignant glioma research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Ruiz-Garcia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States.,Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | | | - Paula Schiapparelli
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | | | - Daniel M Trifiletti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States.,Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
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42
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Ali MY, Oliva CR, Noman ASM, Allen BG, Goswami PC, Zakharia Y, Monga V, Spitz DR, Buatti JM, Griguer CE. Radioresistance in Glioblastoma and the Development of Radiosensitizers. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2511. [PMID: 32899427 PMCID: PMC7564557 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation is a common and effective therapeutic option for the treatment of glioblastoma (GBM). Unfortunately, some GBMs are relatively radioresistant and patients have worse outcomes after radiation treatment. The mechanisms underlying intrinsic radioresistance in GBM has been rigorously investigated over the past several years, but the complex interaction of the cellular molecules and signaling pathways involved in radioresistance remains incompletely defined. A clinically effective radiosensitizer that overcomes radioresistance has yet to be identified. In this review, we discuss the current status of radiation treatment in GBM, including advances in imaging techniques that have facilitated more accurate diagnosis, and the identified mechanisms of GBM radioresistance. In addition, we provide a summary of the candidate GBM radiosensitizers being investigated, including an update of subjects enrolled in clinical trials. Overall, this review highlights the importance of understanding the mechanisms of GBM radioresistance to facilitate the development of effective radiosensitizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Yousuf Ali
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
- Free Radical & Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (C.R.O.); (B.G.A.); (P.C.G.); (D.R.S.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
| | - Claudia R. Oliva
- Free Radical & Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (C.R.O.); (B.G.A.); (P.C.G.); (D.R.S.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
| | - Abu Shadat M. Noman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh;
- Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Bryan G. Allen
- Free Radical & Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (C.R.O.); (B.G.A.); (P.C.G.); (D.R.S.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
| | - Prabhat C. Goswami
- Free Radical & Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (C.R.O.); (B.G.A.); (P.C.G.); (D.R.S.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
| | - Yousef Zakharia
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (Y.Z.); (V.M.)
| | - Varun Monga
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (Y.Z.); (V.M.)
| | - Douglas R. Spitz
- Free Radical & Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (C.R.O.); (B.G.A.); (P.C.G.); (D.R.S.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
| | - John M. Buatti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
| | - Corinne E. Griguer
- Free Radical & Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (C.R.O.); (B.G.A.); (P.C.G.); (D.R.S.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
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43
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Noble K, Rohaj A, Abegglen LM, Schiffman JD. Cancer therapeutics inspired by defense mechanisms in the animal kingdom. Evol Appl 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/eva.12963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Noble
- Huntsman Cancer Institute University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah
| | - Aarushi Rohaj
- Huntsman Cancer Institute University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah
| | - Lisa M. Abegglen
- Huntsman Cancer Institute University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah
- Department of Pediatrics University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah
| | - Joshua D. Schiffman
- Huntsman Cancer Institute University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah
- Department of Pediatrics University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah
- PEEL Therapeutics, Inc. Salt Lake City Utah
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44
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Palma A, Grande S, Ricci-Vitiani L, Luciani AM, Buccarelli M, Biffoni M, Dini V, Cirrone GAP, Ciocca M, Guidoni L, Pallini R, Viti V, Rosi A. Different Mechanisms Underlie the Metabolic Response of GBM Stem-Like Cells to Ionizing Radiation: Biological and MRS Studies on Effects of Photons and Carbon Ions. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21145167. [PMID: 32708312 PMCID: PMC7404344 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21145167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a malignant primary brain tumor with very poor prognosis, high recurrence rate, and failure of chemo-radiotherapy, mainly due to a small fraction of cells with stem-like properties (GSCs). To study the mechanisms of GSCs resistance to radiation, two GSC lines, named line #1 and line #83, with different metabolic patterns and clinical outcome, were irradiated with photon beams and carbon ions and assessed by 1H Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS). Both irradiation modalities induced early cytotoxic effects in line #1 with small effects on cell cycle, whereas a proliferative G2/M cytostatic block was observed in line #83. MR spectroscopy signals from mobile lipids (ML) increased in spectra of line #1 after photon and C-ion irradiation with effects on lipid unsaturation level, whereas no effects were detected in line #83 spectra. Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA), glutamic acid (glu) and Phosphocreatine (pCr) signals showed a significant variation only for line #1 after carbon ion irradiation. Glucose (glc) level and lactate (Lac) extrusion behaved differently in the two lines. Our findings suggest that the differences in irradiation response of GSCs #1 and #83 lines are likely attributable to their different metabolic fingerprint rather than to the different radiation types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Palma
- National Centre for Innovative Technologies in Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (S.G.); (A.M.L.); (V.D.); (L.G.); (V.V.)
| | - Sveva Grande
- National Centre for Innovative Technologies in Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (S.G.); (A.M.L.); (V.D.); (L.G.); (V.V.)
| | - Lucia Ricci-Vitiani
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (L.R.-V.); (M.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Anna Maria Luciani
- National Centre for Innovative Technologies in Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (S.G.); (A.M.L.); (V.D.); (L.G.); (V.V.)
| | - Mariachiara Buccarelli
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (L.R.-V.); (M.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Mauro Biffoni
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (L.R.-V.); (M.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Valentina Dini
- National Centre for Innovative Technologies in Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (S.G.); (A.M.L.); (V.D.); (L.G.); (V.V.)
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare INFN Sez. di Roma, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe A. P. Cirrone
- National Institute for Nuclear Physics, Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, INFN-LNS, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Mario Ciocca
- Centro Nazionale di Adroterapia Oncologica (CNAO)-National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Laura Guidoni
- National Centre for Innovative Technologies in Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (S.G.); (A.M.L.); (V.D.); (L.G.); (V.V.)
| | - Roberto Pallini
- Department of Neuroscience, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Vincenza Viti
- National Centre for Innovative Technologies in Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (S.G.); (A.M.L.); (V.D.); (L.G.); (V.V.)
| | - Antonella Rosi
- National Centre for Innovative Technologies in Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (S.G.); (A.M.L.); (V.D.); (L.G.); (V.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-49903159
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Davis PJ, Mousa SA, Lin HY. Nongenomic Actions of Thyroid Hormone: The Integrin Component. Physiol Rev 2020; 101:319-352. [PMID: 32584192 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00038.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular domain of plasma membrane integrin αvβ3 contains a cell surface receptor for thyroid hormone analogues. The receptor is largely expressed and activated in tumor cells and rapidly dividing endothelial cells. The principal ligand for this receptor is l-thyroxine (T4), usually regarded only as a prohormone for 3,5,3'-triiodo-l-thyronine (T3), the hormone analogue that expresses thyroid hormone in the cell nucleus via nuclear receptors that are unrelated structurally to integrin αvβ3. At the integrin receptor for thyroid hormone, T4 regulates cancer and endothelial cell division, tumor cell defense pathways (such as anti-apoptosis), and angiogenesis and supports metastasis, radioresistance, and chemoresistance. The molecular mechanisms involve signal transduction via mitogen-activated protein kinase and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, differential expression of multiple genes related to the listed cell processes, and regulation of activities of other cell surface proteins, such as vascular growth factor receptors. Tetraiodothyroacetic acid (tetrac) is derived from T4 and competes with binding of T4 to the integrin. In the absence of T4, tetrac and chemically modified tetrac also have anticancer effects that culminate in altered gene transcription. Tumor xenografts are arrested by unmodified and chemically modified tetrac. The receptor requires further characterization in terms of contributions to nonmalignant cells, such as platelets and phagocytes. The integrin αvβ3 receptor for thyroid hormone offers a large panel of cellular actions that are relevant to cancer biology and that may be regulated by tetrac derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Davis
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, New York; Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York; Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; and Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center of Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shaker A Mousa
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, New York; Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York; Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; and Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center of Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yun Lin
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, New York; Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York; Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; and Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center of Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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46
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Park J, Lee W, Yun S, Kim SP, Kim KH, Kim JI, Kim SK, Wang KC, Lee JY. STAT3 is a key molecule in the oncogenic behavior of diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:1989-1998. [PMID: 32724445 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is one of the most lethal childhood brain tumors. This tumor is unique because it is detected exclusively in the ventral pons of patients aged between 6 and 7 years, which suggests a developmental nature of its formation. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a critical molecule for the differentiation of neural stem cells into astrocytes during neurodevelopment. Additionally, STAT3 is associated with oncogenesis and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in various types of tumor. In recent years, several studies have demonstrated the oncogenic role of STAT3 in high-grade gliomas. However, the role of STAT3 in DIPG at the cellular level remains unknown. To assess the possible association between gliogenesis and DIPG, the expression levels of various molecules participating in the differentiation of neural stem cells were compared between normal brain control tissues and DIPG tissues using open public data. All of the screened genes exhibited significantly increased expression in DIPG tissues compared with normal tissues. As STAT3 expression was the most increased, the effect of STAT3 inhibition in a DIPG cell line was assessed via STAT3 short hairpin (sh)RNA transfection and treatment with AG490, a STAT3 inhibitor. Changes in viability, apoptosis, EMT and radiation therapy efficiency were also evaluated. Downregulation of STAT3 resulted in decreased cyclin D1 expression and cell viability, migration and invasion. Additionally, treatment with STAT3 shRNA or AG490 suppressed the EMT phenotype. Finally, when radiation was administered in combination with STAT3 inhibition, the therapeutic efficiency, assessed by cell viability and DNA damage repair, was increased. The present results suggest that STAT3 is a potential therapeutic target in DIPG, especially when combined with radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinju Park
- Neural Development and Anomaly Laboratory, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Woochan Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangil Yun
- Neural Development and Anomaly Laboratory, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Saet Pyoul Kim
- Neural Development and Anomaly Laboratory, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Hyun Kim
- Neural Development and Anomaly Laboratory, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea.,Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Il Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ki Kim
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Chang Wang
- Neural Development and Anomaly Laboratory, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea.,Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeoun Lee
- Neural Development and Anomaly Laboratory, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea.,Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
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47
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Role of Neutrophils and Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Glioma Progression and Treatment Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21061954. [PMID: 32182988 PMCID: PMC7139844 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21061954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent efforts in brain tumor research have been directed towards the modulation of the immune system for therapeutic interventions. Several human cancers, including gliomas, are infiltrated with immune cell types-including neutrophils and myeloid-derived suppressor cells-that contribute to tumor progression, invasiveness, and treatment resistance. The role of tumor-associated neutrophils and myeloid-derived suppressor cells in cancer biology remains elusive, as these cells can exert a multitude of pro-tumor and antitumor effects. In this review, we provide the current understanding and novel insights on the role of neutrophils and myeloid-derived suppressor cells in glioma progression and treatment resistance, as well as the mechanisms of pleiotropic behaviors in these cells during disease progression, with an emphasis on possible strategies to reprogram these cells towards their antitumor actions.
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48
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Yin N, Xie T, Zhang H, Chen J, Yu J, Liu F. IDH1-R132H mutation radiosensitizes U87MG glioma cells via epigenetic downregulation of TIGAR. Oncol Lett 2019; 19:1322-1330. [PMID: 31966064 PMCID: PMC6956398 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.11148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) is the most frequently mutated gene in World Health Organization grade II–III and secondary glioma. The majority of IDH1 mutation cases involve the substitution from arginine to histidine at codon 132 (IDH1-R132H). Although the oncogenic role of IDH1-R132H has been confirmed, patients with IDH1-R132H brain tumors exhibit a better response to radiotherapy compared with those with wild-type (WT) IDH1. In the present study, the potential mechanism of radiosensitization mediated by IDH1-R132H was investigated by overexpressing IDH1-R132H in U87MG glioma cells. The results demonstrated decreased clonogenic capacity of IDH1-R132H-expressing cells, as well as delayed repair of DNA double-strand breaks compared with IDH1-WT. Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas were analyzed, which demonstrated that the expression of TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator (TIGAR) was lower in patients with glioma harboring IDH1 mutations compared with that in patients with IDH1-WT. TIGAR-knockdown increases the radiosensitivity of glioma cells; in U87MG cells, IDH1-R132H suppressed TIGAR expression. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed increased levels of repressive H3K9me3 markers at the TIGAR promoter in IDH1-R132H compared with IDH1-WT. These data indicated that IDH1-R132H may overcome radioresistance in glioma cells through epigenetic suppression of TIGAR expression. However, these favorable effects were not observed in U87MG glioma stem-like cells. The results of the present study provide an improved understanding of the functionality of IDH1 mutations in glioma cells, which may improve the therapeutic efficacy of radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narui Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China.,Department of Radiobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China.,Department of Radiobiology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Ting Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China.,Department of Radiobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China.,Department of Radiobiology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Haowen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China.,Department of Radiobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China.,Department of Radiobiology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Jian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China.,Department of Radiobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China.,Department of Radiobiology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Jiahua Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China.,Department of Radiobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China.,Department of Radiobiology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Fenju Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China.,Department of Radiobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China.,Department of Radiobiology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
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49
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Toraih EA, El-Wazir A, Abdallah HY, Tantawy MA, Fawzy MS. Deregulated MicroRNA Signature Following Glioblastoma Irradiation. Cancer Control 2019; 26:1073274819847226. [PMID: 31046428 PMCID: PMC6501491 DOI: 10.1177/1073274819847226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM), the most common and aggressive brain tumor in adults, shows resistance to treatment, particularly radiotherapy. One method for effective treatment is using a group of radiosensitizers that make tumor cells responsive to radiotherapy. A class of molecules whose expression is affected by radiotherapy is the microRNAs (miRNAs) that present promising regulators of the radioresponse. Eighteen miRNAs (miR-26a, -124, -128, -135b, -145, -153, -181a/b, -203, -21, -210, -212, -221/222, -223, -224, -320, and -590), involved in the pathogenesis of GBM and its radioresponsive state, were reviewed to identify their role in GBM and their potential as radiosensitizing agents. MicroRNAs-26a, -124, -128, -145, -153, -181a/b, -203, -221/222, -223, -224, -320, and -590 promoted GBM radiosensitivity, while microRNAs-135b, -21, -210, and -212 encouraged radioresistance. Ectopic overexpression of the radiosensitivity promoting miRNAs and knockdown of the radioresistant miRNAs represent a prospective radiotherapy enhancement opportunity. This offers a glimmer of hope for a group of the most unfortunate patients known to medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman A Toraih
- 1 Genetics Unit, Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.,2 Center of Excellence of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Aya El-Wazir
- 1 Genetics Unit, Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.,2 Center of Excellence of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Hoda Y Abdallah
- 1 Genetics Unit, Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.,2 Center of Excellence of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Tantawy
- 3 Department of Hormones, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Manal S Fawzy
- 4 Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.,5 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
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50
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Van de Wiele C, Sathekge M, de Spiegeleer B, de Jonghe PJ, Beels L, Maes A. PSMA-Targeting Positron Emission Agents for Imaging Solid Tumors Other Than Non-Prostate Carcinoma: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4886. [PMID: 31581638 PMCID: PMC6801742 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite its name, prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) has been shown using immunohistochemistry (IHC) to also be over-expressed in the tumor neovasculature of a wide variety of solid tumors other than prostate carcinoma. Accordingly, positron-emitting radiolabeled small molecules targeting PSMA, initially developed for positron emission tomography in prostate carcinomas, are currently being explored for their staging and restaging potential as an alternative imaging modality in other solid tumor types where 18-F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET imaging has low diagnostic accuracy. In this paper, the currently available literature in this field is reviewed. Preliminary, mainly retrospective studies are encouraging, with evidence of improved diagnostic sensitivity and specificity in clear cell renal carcinoma, glioma, and hepatocellular carcinoma, leading to a change in patient management in several patients. However, the results published thus far warrant confirmation by larger prospective studies additionally assessing the longitudinal impact on patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Van de Wiele
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, AZ Groeninge, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium.
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiology, University Ghent, 9000 GHent, Belgium.
| | - Mike Sathekge
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria, 0001 Pretoria, South-Africa.
| | - Bart de Spiegeleer
- Laboratory of Drug Quality and Registration, University Ghent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | | | - Laurence Beels
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, AZ Groeninge, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium.
| | - Alex Maes
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, AZ Groeninge, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium.
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, KULAK, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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