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Ma X, Li M, Wang X, Qi G, Wei L, Zhang D. Sialylation in the gut: From mucosal protection to disease pathogenesis. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 343:122471. [PMID: 39174097 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Sialylation, a crucial post-translational modification of glycoconjugates, entails the attachment of sialic acid (SA) to the terminal glycans of glycoproteins and glycolipids through a tightly regulated enzymatic process involving various enzymes. This review offers a comprehensive exploration of sialylation within the gut, encompassing its involvement in mucosal protection and its impact on disease progression. The sialylation of mucins and epithelial glycoproteins contributes to the integrity of the intestinal mucosal barrier. Furthermore, sialylation regulates immune responses in the gut, shaping interactions among immune cells, as well as their activation and tolerance. Additionally, the gut microbiota and gut-brain axis communication are involved in the role of sialylation in intestinal health. Altered sialylation patterns have been implicated in various intestinal diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), colorectal cancer (CRC), and other intestinal disorders. Emerging research underscores sialylation as a promising avenue for diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic interventions in intestinal diseases. Potential strategies such as sialic acid supplementation, inhibition of sialidases, immunotherapy targeting sialylated antigens, and modulation of sialyltransferases have been utilized in the treatment of intestinal diseases. Future research directions will focus on elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying sialylation alterations, identifying sialylation-based biomarkers, and developing targeted interventions for precision medicine approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueni Ma
- Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China; The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Muyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China; The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaochun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Guoqing Qi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lina Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dekui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China.
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2
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Radziejewska I. Tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens of MUC1 - Implication in cancer development. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116619. [PMID: 38643541 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation of cancerous epithelial MUC1 protein is specifically altered in comparison to that which is presented by healthy cells. One of such changes is appearing tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs) which are rare in normal tissues and are highly correlated with poor clinical outcomes and cancer progression. This review summarizes and describes the role of Tn, T antigens, their sialylated forms as well as fucosylated Lewis epitopes in different aspects of tumor development, progression, and metastasis. Finally, applications of MUC1 glycan epitopes as potential targets for therapeutic strategy of cancers are notified. One of the novelties of this review is presentation of TACAs as inherently connected with MUC1 mucin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Radziejewska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2, Białystok 15-222, Poland.
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3
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Filipsky F, Läubli H. Regulation of sialic acid metabolism in cancer. Carbohydr Res 2024; 539:109123. [PMID: 38669826 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2024.109123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Sialic acid, the terminal structure of cell surface glycans, has essential functions in regulating immune response, cell-to-cell communication, and cell adhesion. More importantly, an increased level of sialic acid, termed hypersialylation, has emerged as a commonly observed phenotype in cancer. Therefore, targeting sialic acid ligands (sialoglycans) and their receptors (Siglecs) may provide a new therapeutic approach for cancer immunotherapy. We highlight the complexity of the sialic acid metabolism and its involvement in malignant transformation within individual cancer subtypes. In this review, we focus on the dysregulation of sialylation, the intricate nature of sialic acid synthesis, and clinical perspective. We aim to provide a brief insight into the mechanism of hypersialylation and how our understanding of these processes can be leveraged for the development of novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Filipsky
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Heinz Läubli
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland; Division of Oncology, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland.
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4
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Onigbinde S, Peng W, Solomon J, Adeniyi M, Nwaiwu J, Fowowe M, Daramola O, Purba W, Mechref Y. O-Glycome Profiling of Breast Cancer Cell Lines to Understand Breast Cancer Brain Metastasis. J Proteome Res 2024; 23:1458-1470. [PMID: 38483275 PMCID: PMC11299836 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death among women and a major source of brain metastases. Despite the increasing incidence of brain metastasis from breast cancer, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Altered glycosylation is known to play a role in various diseases including cancer metastasis. However, profiling studies of O-glycans and their isomers in breast cancer brain metastasis (BCBM) are scarce. This study analyzed the expression of O-glycans and their isomers in human breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-361, HTB131, and HTB22), a brain cancer cell line (CRL-1620), and a brain metastatic breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231BR) using nanoLC-MS/MS, identifying 27 O-glycan compositions. We observed significant upregulation in the expression of HexNAc1Hex1NeuAc2 and HexNAc2Hex3, whereas the expression of HexNAc1Hex1NeuAc1 was downregulated in MDA-MB-231BR compared to other cell lines. In our isomeric analysis, we observed notable alterations in the isomeric forms of the O-glycan structure HexNAc1Hex1NeuAc1 in a comparison of different cell lines. Our analysis of O-glycans and their isomers in cancer cells demonstrated that changes in their distribution can be related to the metastatic process. We believe that our investigation will contribute to an enhanced comprehension of the significance of O-glycans and their isomers in BCBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherifdeen Onigbinde
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1061
| | - Wenjing Peng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1061
| | - Joy Solomon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1061
| | - Moyinoluwa Adeniyi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1061
| | - Judith Nwaiwu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1061
| | - Mojibola Fowowe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1061
| | - Oluwatosin Daramola
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1061
| | - Waziha Purba
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1061
| | - Yehia Mechref
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1061
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5
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Ghosh M, Hazarika P, Dhanya SJ, Pooja D, Kulhari H. Exploration of sialic acid receptors as a potential target for cancer treatment: A comprehensive review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128415. [PMID: 38029891 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
The potential to target anticancer drugs directly to cancer cells is the most difficult challenge in the current scenario. Progressive works are being done on multifarious receptors and are on the horizon, expected to facilitate tailored treatment for cancer. Among several receptors, one is the sialic acid (SA) receptor by which cancer cells can be targeted directly as hyper sialylation is one of the most distinguishing characteristics of cancer cells. SA receptors have shown tremendous potential for tumor targeting because of their elevated expression in a range of human malignancies including prostate, breast, gastric cells, myeloid leukemia, liver, etc. This article reviews the overexpression of SA receptors in various tumors and diverse strategies for targeting these receptors to deliver drugs, enzymes, and genes for therapeutic applications. It also summarizes the diagnostic applications of SA-grafted nanoparticles for imaging various SA-overexpressing cancer cells and technological advances that are propelling sialic acid to the forefront of cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meheli Ghosh
- School of Nano Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382030, India
| | - Priyodarshini Hazarika
- School of Nano Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382030, India
| | - S J Dhanya
- School of Nano Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382030, India
| | - Deep Pooja
- School of Pharmacy, National Forensic Science University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382007, India.
| | - Hitesh Kulhari
- School of Nano Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382030, India; Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Formulations), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati, Assam 781101, India.
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6
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Luo Y, Cao H, Lei C, Liu J. ST6GALNAC1 promotes the invasion and migration of breast cancer cells via the EMT pathway. Genes Genomics 2023; 45:1367-1376. [PMID: 37747641 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-023-01445-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A specific sialyl-transferases called ST6GALNAC1 has been proven to up-regulate abnormal O-glycosylation, which is strongly associated with tumorigenesis and cancer progression. However, the precise pathological outcome of ST6GALNAC1 expression in breast cancer cells remains unknown. Therefore, our study aims to investigate the functional role of ST6GALNAC1 and its impact on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway in breast cancer cells. METHODS Plasmids with siRNA were used to construct ST6GALNAC1 knockoff (si-ST6GALNAC1) MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-453 cells, while lentiviruses were used to construct ST6GALNAC1 over-expression (oe-ST6GALNAC1) MCF-7 and BT474 cells. Transfer efficiency was verified by Western Blot. Then we selected transfected cells and assessed the changes in cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and EMT markers. RESULTS The expression of ST6GALNAC1 significantly enhanced cell migration and invasion, which was confirmed by Wound Scratch Assay and Transwell Assay. Particularly, ST6GALNAC1 expression directly induced the EMT signaling pathway. E-cadherin was markedly decreased in oe-ST6GALNAC1 cells, accompanied by an up-regulation of mesenchymal markers including N-cadherin, snail, and ZEB1. However, no significant correlation was found between ST6GALNAC1 expression and cell proliferation. All of the outcomes were reversely validated in si-ST6GALNAC1 cells. CONCLUSIONS The expression of ST6GALNAC1 promotes cell migration and invasion probably by triggering the molecular process of the EMT pathway in breast cancer cells, which may provide new clues for designing novel molecular targeted drugs in breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhao Luo
- Department of Breast Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital of Capital Medical University, No. 8 Workers' Stadium South Road, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Heng Cao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Chuqi Lei
- Department of Breast Surgery, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital of Capital Medical University, No. 8 Workers' Stadium South Road, Beijing, 100020, China.
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7
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Ghorbani Ranjbary A, Mehrzad J, Rahbar N, Dehghani H. Impacts of some clinicopathodemography and colorectal tissues key cell cycle and mucin stabilizing molecules on the metastasis trend in colorectal cancer patients. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:8589-8601. [PMID: 37644368 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08766-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to evaluate the various clinicopathodemographical, epidemiological, and molecular contributors to cumulatively worldwide metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) in CRC patients from a highly populated area in northeastern Iran to pinpoint metastasis risk. METHODS A retrospective clinical material-based cohort including a total of 6260 registered CRC patients, of whom 3829 underwent surgery, from regional university hospitals, during 2006-2016, were analyzed for the clinicopathodemographical aspects of age, sex, stage of CRC, history of smoking, type 2 diabetes (T2D), hypertension, body mass index (BMI), familial/occupational status, post-surgery survival period and mRNA/protein expression of mucin stabilizer (B3GALNT2), mucin I (MUC1), key cell cycle molecules (i.e., P53 and Ki67), and MMR-related genes. Factors were set to estimate the risk of metastatic CRC and mortality. RESULTS Predominant adenocarcinomatous CRCs were found in colon. Post-surgery survival period of metastatic CRC patients was remarkably longer in patients aged > 50 compared to those aged < 50 years, and worse in females than males. B3GALNT2high, MUChigh, P53low, and Ki67high mRNA/protein expression in the metastatic stage III CRC along with T2D and hypertension were associated with increased metastasis/mortality, with more worsening in males, older, BMI > 25, urban residing, and employed individuals, indicative of non-genetic attributable factors. CONCLUSION B3GALNT2, MUC1, and "Ki67" can be used as promising biomarkers for prognosis and early diagnosis of increasingly/predominantly non-genetic/environmental originated metastatic CRCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ghorbani Ranjbary
- Department of Pathobiology, Section Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jalil Mehrzad
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Nasrollah Rahbar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hesam Dehghani
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Research Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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8
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Lee EHJ, Murad JP, Christian L, Gibson J, Yamaguchi Y, Cullen C, Gumber D, Park AK, Young C, Monroy I, Yang J, Stern LA, Adkins LN, Dhapola G, Gittins B, Chang WC, Martinez C, Woo Y, Cristea M, Rodriguez-Rodriguez L, Ishihara J, Lee JK, Forman SJ, Wang LD, Priceman SJ. Antigen-dependent IL-12 signaling in CAR T cells promotes regional to systemic disease targeting. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4737. [PMID: 37550294 PMCID: PMC10406808 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40115-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapeutic responses are hampered by limited T cell trafficking, persistence, and durable anti-tumor activity in solid tumors. However, these challenges can be largely overcome by relatively unconstrained synthetic engineering strategies. Here, we describe CAR T cells targeting tumor-associated glycoprotein-72 (TAG72), utilizing the CD28 transmembrane domain upstream of the 4-1BB co-stimulatory domain as a driver of potent anti-tumor activity and IFNγ secretion. CAR T cell-mediated IFNγ production facilitated by IL-12 signaling is required for tumor cell killing, which is recapitulated by engineering an optimized membrane-bound IL-12 (mbIL12) molecule in CAR T cells. These T cells show improved antigen-dependent T cell proliferation and recursive tumor cell killing in vitro, with robust in vivo efficacy in human ovarian cancer xenograft models. Locoregional administration of mbIL12-engineered CAR T cells promotes durable anti-tumor responses against both regional and systemic disease in mice. Safety and efficacy of mbIL12-engineered CAR T cells is demonstrated using an immunocompetent mouse model, with beneficial effects on the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Collectively, our study features a clinically-applicable strategy to improve the efficacy of locoregionally-delivered CAR T cells engineered with antigen-dependent immune-modulating cytokines in targeting regional and systemic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Hee Jun Lee
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - John P Murad
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Lea Christian
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Jackson Gibson
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Yukiko Yamaguchi
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Cody Cullen
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Diana Gumber
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Anthony K Park
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Cari Young
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Isabel Monroy
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Jason Yang
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Lawrence A Stern
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Lauren N Adkins
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Gaurav Dhapola
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Brenna Gittins
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Wen-Chung Chang
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Catalina Martinez
- Department of Clinical and Translational Project Development, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Yanghee Woo
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Mihaela Cristea
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | | | - Jun Ishihara
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, 86 Wood Lane, London, W120BZ, UK
| | - John K Lee
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, 98019, USA
| | - Stephen J Forman
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Leo D Wang
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Saul J Priceman
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA.
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA.
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9
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Bucurica S, Gaman L, Jinga M, Popa AA, Ionita-Radu F. Golgi Apparatus Target Proteins in Gastroenterological Cancers: A Comprehensive Review of GOLPH3 and GOLGA Proteins. Cells 2023; 12:1823. [PMID: 37508488 PMCID: PMC10378073 DOI: 10.3390/cells12141823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The Golgi apparatus plays a central role in protein sorting, modification and trafficking within cells; its dysregulation has been implicated in various cancers including those affecting the GI tract. This review highlights two Golgi target proteins, namely GOLPH3 and GOLGA proteins, from this apparatus as they relate to gastroenterological cancers. GOLPH3-a highly conserved protein of the trans-Golgi network-has become a key player in cancer biology. Abnormal expression of GOLPH3 has been detected in various gastrointestinal cancers including gastric, colorectal and pancreatic cancers. GOLPH3 promotes tumor cell proliferation, survival, migration and invasion via various mechanisms including activating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway as well as altering Golgi morphology and vesicular trafficking. GOLGA family proteins such as GOLGA1 (golgin-97) and GOLGA7 (golgin-84) have also been implicated in gastroenterological cancers. GOLGA1 plays an essential role in protein trafficking within the Golgi apparatus and has been associated with poor patient survival rates and increased invasiveness; GOLGA7 maintains Golgi structure while having been shown to affect protein glycosylation processes. GOLPH3 and GOLGA proteins play a pivotal role in gastroenterological cancer, helping researchers unlock molecular mechanisms and identify therapeutic targets. Their dysregulation affects various cellular processes including signal transduction, vesicular trafficking and protein glycosylation, all contributing to tumor aggressiveness and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandica Bucurica
- Department of Gastroenterology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Gastroenterology, "Carol Davila" University Central Emergency Military Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Laura Gaman
- Department of Biochemistry, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mariana Jinga
- Department of Gastroenterology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Gastroenterology, "Carol Davila" University Central Emergency Military Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andrei Adrian Popa
- Student of General Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Florentina Ionita-Radu
- Department of Gastroenterology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Gastroenterology, "Carol Davila" University Central Emergency Military Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
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10
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Radziejewska I. Galectin-3 and Epithelial MUC1 Mucin-Interactions Supporting Cancer Development. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2680. [PMID: 37345016 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15102680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant glycosylation of cell surface proteins is a very common feature of many cancers. One of the glycoproteins, which undergoes specific alterations in the glycosylation of tumor cells is epithelial MUC1 mucin, which is highly overexpressed in the malignant state. Such changes lead to the appearance of tumor associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs) on MUC1, which are rarely seen in healthy cells. One of these structures is the Thomsen-Friedenreich disaccharide Galβ1-3GalNAc (T or TF antigen), which is typical for about 90% of cancers. It was revealed that increased expression of the T antigen has a big impact on promoting cancer progression and metastasis, among others, due to the interaction of this antigen with the β-galactose binding protein galectin-3 (Gal-3). In this review, we summarize current information about the interactions between the T antigen on MUC1 mucin and Gal-3, and their impact on cancer progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Radziejewska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2a, 15-222 Białystok, Poland
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11
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Yamamoto D, Hongo H, Kosaka T, Aoki N, Oya M, Sato T. The sialyl-Tn antigen synthase genes regulates migration-proliferation dichotomy in prostate cancer cells under hypoxia. Glycoconj J 2023; 40:199-212. [PMID: 36806956 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-023-10104-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
A low-oxygen (hypoxia) tumor microenvironment can facilitate chemotherapy and radiation therapy resistance in tumors and is associated with a poor prognosis. Hypoxia also affects PCa (prostate cancer) phenotype transformation and causes therapeutic resistance. Although O-glycans are known to be involved in the malignancy of various cancers under hypoxia, the expression and function of O-glycans in PCa are not well understood. In this study, the saccharide primer method was employed to analyze O-glycan expression in PCa cells. Results showed that the expression of sTn antigens was increased in PCa cells under hypoxia. Furthermore, it was found that ST6GalNAc1, the sTn antigen synthase gene, was involved in the migration-proliferation dichotomy and drug resistance in PCa cells under hypoxia. The results of this study will contribute to the development of novel diagnostic markers and drug targets for PCa under hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Yamamoto
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 223-8522, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hongo
- Department of Urology, Keio University School of Medicine, 160-8582, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeo Kosaka
- Department of Urology, Keio University School of Medicine, 160-8582, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Natsumi Aoki
- Department of Urology, Keio University School of Medicine, 160-8582, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mototsugu Oya
- Department of Urology, Keio University School of Medicine, 160-8582, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshinori Sato
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 223-8522, Kanagawa, Japan.
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12
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Marciel MP, Haldar B, Hwang J, Bhalerao N, Bellis SL. Role of tumor cell sialylation in pancreatic cancer progression. Adv Cancer Res 2022; 157:123-155. [PMID: 36725107 PMCID: PMC11342334 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the deadliest malignancies and is currently the third leading cause of cancer death. The aggressiveness of PDAC stems from late diagnosis, early metastasis, and poor efficacy of current chemotherapies. Thus, there is an urgent need for effective biomarkers for early detection of PDAC and development of new therapeutic strategies. It has long been known that cellular glycosylation is dysregulated in pancreatic cancer cells, however, tumor-associated glycans and their cognate glycosylating enzymes have received insufficient attention as potential clinical targets. Aberrant glycosylation affects a broad range of pathways that underpin tumor initiation, metastatic progression, and resistance to cancer treatment. One of the prevalent alterations in the cancer glycome is an enrichment in a select group of sialylated glycans including sialylated, branched N-glycans, sialyl Lewis antigens, and sialylated forms of truncated O-glycans such as the sialyl Tn antigen. These modifications affect the activity of numerous cell surface receptors, which collectively impart malignant characteristics typified by enhanced cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis-resistance. Additionally, sialic acids on tumor cells engage inhibitory Siglec receptors on immune cells to dampen anti-tumor immunity, further promoting cancer progression. The goal of this review is to summarize the predominant changes in sialylation occurring in pancreatic cancer, the biological functions of sialylated glycoproteins in cancer pathogenesis, and the emerging strategies for targeting sialoglycans and Siglec receptors in cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Marciel
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Barnita Haldar
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Jihye Hwang
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Nikita Bhalerao
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Susan L Bellis
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.
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13
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Aberrant Sialylation in Cancer: Therapeutic Opportunities. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14174248. [PMID: 36077781 PMCID: PMC9454432 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The surface of every eukaryotic cell is coated in a thick layer of glycans that acts as a key interface with the extracellular environment. Cancer cells have a different ‘glycan coat’ to healthy cells and aberrant glycosylation is a universal feature of cancer cells linked to all of the cancer hallmarks. This means glycans hold huge potential for the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. One key change in tumour glycosylation is increased sialylation, both on N-glycans and O-glycans, which leads to a dense forest of sialylated structures covering the cell surface. This hypersialylation has far-reaching consequences for cancer cells, and sialylated glycans are fundamental in tumour growth, metastasis, immune evasion and drug resistance. The development of strategies to inhibit aberrant sialylation in cancer represents an important opportunity to develop new therapeutics. Here, I summarise recent advances to target aberrant sialylation in cancer, including the development of sialyltransferase inhibitors and strategies to inhibit Siglecs and Selectins, and discuss opportunities for the future.
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14
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Blondy S, Durand S, Lacroix A, Christou N, Bouchaud C, Peyny M, Battu S, Chauvanel A, Carré V, Jauberteau MO, Lalloué F, Mathonnet M. Detection of Glycosylated Markers From Cancer Stem Cells With ColoSTEM Dx Kit for Earlier Prediction of Colon Cancer Aggressiveness. Front Oncol 2022; 12:918702. [PMID: 35936672 PMCID: PMC9355573 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.918702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, colon cancer prognosis still difficult to predict, especially in the early stages. Recurrences remain elevated, even in the early stages after curative surgery. Carcidiag Biotechnologies has developed an immunohistochemistry (IHC) kit called ColoSTEM Dx, based on a MIX of biotinylated plant lectins that specifically detects colon cancer stem cells (CSCs) through glycan patterns that they specifically (over)express. A retrospective clinical study was carried out on tumor tissues from 208 non-chemotherapeutic-treated and 21 chemotherapeutic-treated patients with colon cancer, which were stained by IHC with the MIX. Clinical performances of the kit were determined, and prognostic and predictive values were evaluated. With 78.3% and 70.6% of diagnostic sensitivity and specificity respectively, our kit shows great clinical performances. Moreover, patient prognosis is significantly poorer when the MIX staining is “High” compared to “Low”, especially at 5-years of overall survival and for early stages. The ColoSTEM Dx kit allows an earlier and a more precise determination of patients’ outcome. Thus, it affords an innovating clinical tool for predicting tumor aggressiveness earlier and determining prognosis value regarding therapeutic response in colon cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stéphanie Durand
- INSERM U1308 - CAPTuR “Control of cell activation, Tumor progression and Therapeutic resistance”, Faculty of Medicine, University of Limoges, Limoges, France
- *Correspondence: Fabrice Lalloué, ; Stéphanie Durand, ; Muriel Mathonnet,
| | - Aurélie Lacroix
- INSERM U1308 - CAPTuR “Control of cell activation, Tumor progression and Therapeutic resistance”, Faculty of Medicine, University of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Niki Christou
- INSERM U1308 - CAPTuR “Control of cell activation, Tumor progression and Therapeutic resistance”, Faculty of Medicine, University of Limoges, Limoges, France
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Dupuytren University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | | | - Maud Peyny
- Carcidiag Biotechnologies company, Guéret, France
| | - Serge Battu
- INSERM U1308 - CAPTuR “Control of cell activation, Tumor progression and Therapeutic resistance”, Faculty of Medicine, University of Limoges, Limoges, France
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Limoges, France
| | - Alain Chauvanel
- INSERM U1308 - CAPTuR “Control of cell activation, Tumor progression and Therapeutic resistance”, Faculty of Medicine, University of Limoges, Limoges, France
- Department of Pathology, Dupuytren University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | | | - Marie-Odile Jauberteau
- INSERM U1308 - CAPTuR “Control of cell activation, Tumor progression and Therapeutic resistance”, Faculty of Medicine, University of Limoges, Limoges, France
- Department of Immunology, Dupuytren University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | - Fabrice Lalloué
- INSERM U1308 - CAPTuR “Control of cell activation, Tumor progression and Therapeutic resistance”, Faculty of Medicine, University of Limoges, Limoges, France
- *Correspondence: Fabrice Lalloué, ; Stéphanie Durand, ; Muriel Mathonnet,
| | - Muriel Mathonnet
- INSERM U1308 - CAPTuR “Control of cell activation, Tumor progression and Therapeutic resistance”, Faculty of Medicine, University of Limoges, Limoges, France
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Dupuytren University Hospital, Limoges, France
- *Correspondence: Fabrice Lalloué, ; Stéphanie Durand, ; Muriel Mathonnet,
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15
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Deschuyter M, Leger DY, Verboom A, Chaunavel A, Maftah A, Petit JM. ST3GAL2 knock-down decreases tumoral character of colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:280-302. [PMID: 35141018 PMCID: PMC8822282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells have a modified glycosylation profile that promotes their evolution and/or their maintenance in the tumor. Sialylation is a type of glycosylation that is often altered in cancers. RNA-Seq database analysis revealed that the sialyltransferase gene ST3GAL2 is significantly overexpressed at all stages of colorectal cancer (CRC). ST3GAL2 sialylates both glycoproteins and glycolipids. The aim of this work was to investigate the involvement of ST3GAL2 in CRC. Using the HT29 tumor cell line derived from a stage II of CRC, we decreased the expression of ST3GAL2 by specific shRNA, and then characterized these cells by performing functional tests. We found that ST3GAL2 knock down (KD) significantly decreases tumor cell proliferation, cell migration and invasiveness properties in vitro. The cell cycle of these cells is affected with a change in cell cycle distribution and an increase of cell apoptosis. The effect of ST3GAL2 KD was then studied in vivo, following xenografts into nude mice, in which the tumor progression was significantly reduced. This work demonstrates that ST3GAL2 is a major player in the behavior of colorectal tumor cells, by modifying the sialylation state of glycoproteins and glycolipids which remain to be specifically identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlène Deschuyter
- PEIRENE Laboratory, EA 7500, Glycosylation and Cell Differentiation, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of LimogesLimoges F-87060, France
| | - David Yannick Leger
- PEIRENE Laboratory, EA 7500, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of LimogesLimoges 87025, France
| | - Anne Verboom
- PEIRENE Laboratory, EA 7500, Glycosylation and Cell Differentiation, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of LimogesLimoges F-87060, France
| | - Alain Chaunavel
- Department of Pathology, Limoges University HospitalLimoges 87042, France
| | - Abderrahman Maftah
- PEIRENE Laboratory, EA 7500, Glycosylation and Cell Differentiation, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of LimogesLimoges F-87060, France
| | - Jean-Michel Petit
- PEIRENE Laboratory, EA 7500, Glycosylation and Cell Differentiation, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of LimogesLimoges F-87060, France
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16
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Quader S, Tanabe S, Cabral H. Abnormal Glycosylation in Cancer Cells and Cancer Stem Cells as a Therapeutic Target. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1393:141-156. [PMID: 36587306 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-12974-2_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Tumor resistance and recurrence have been associated with the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in tumors. The functions and survival of the CSCs have been associated with several intracellular and extracellular features. Particularly, the abnormal glycosylation of these signaling pathways and markers of CSCs have been correlated with maintaining survival, self-renewal and extravasation properties. Here, we highlight the importance of glycosylation in promoting the stemness character of CSCs and the current strategies for targeting abnormal glycosylation toward generating effective therapies against the CSC population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Quader
- Innovation Center of Nanomedicine (iCONM), Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, 3-25-14 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, 210-0821, Japan
| | - Shihori Tanabe
- Division of Risk Assessment, Center for Biological Safety and Research, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, 210-9501, Japan
| | - Horacio Cabral
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.
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17
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Hugonnet M, Singh P, Haas Q, von Gunten S. The Distinct Roles of Sialyltransferases in Cancer Biology and Onco-Immunology. Front Immunol 2021; 12:799861. [PMID: 34975914 PMCID: PMC8718907 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.799861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant glycosylation is a key feature of malignant transformation. Hypersialylation, the enhanced expression of sialic acid-terminated glycoconjugates on the cell surface, has been linked to immune evasion and metastatic spread, eventually by interaction with sialoglycan-binding lectins, including Siglecs and selectins. The biosynthesis of tumor-associated sialoglycans involves sialyltransferases, which are differentially expressed in cancer cells. In this review article, we provide an overview of the twenty human sialyltransferases and their roles in cancer biology and immunity. A better understanding of the individual contribution of select sialyltransferases to the tumor sialome may lead to more personalized strategies for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjolaine Hugonnet
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Bern Center for Precision Medicine (BCPM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Pushpita Singh
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Quentin Haas
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stephan von Gunten
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Bern Center for Precision Medicine (BCPM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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18
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Naito T, Jingushi K, Ueda K, Tsujikawa K. Azurocidin is loaded into small extracellular vesicles via its N-linked glycosylation and promotes intravasation of renal cell carcinoma cells. FEBS Lett 2021; 595:2522-2532. [PMID: 34418081 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Azurocidin (AZU1) is an antimicrobial protein secreted by neutrophils that acts as a chemoattractant for monocytes and macrophages and a permeabilizer of vascular endothelial cells. We previously identified AZU1 to be specifically present in extracellular vesicles (EVs) obtained from renal cell carcinoma (RCC) tissues. Here, we examined the relationship between N-linked glycosylation and AZU1 loading into small EVs (SEVs). Inhibition of N-linked glycosylation by introducing mutations in three glycosylation sites inhibited AZU1 loading into SEVs. Furthermore, SEVs released from AZU1-wild-type cells increased the Ca2+ concentration in endothelial cells and the endothelial permeability, whereas SEVs released from AZU1-mutant cells had no significant effect. Anti-AZU1 antibodies diminished the effect of SEVs on endothelial cell sheets. Collectively, we found that N-linked glycosylation of AZU1 directs its loading into SEVs, thereby enabling AZU1-positive SEVs to function as potent permeabilizers of endothelial cells and leading to enhanced transendothelial migration of RCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Naito
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Kentaro Jingushi
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Koji Ueda
- Project for Personalized Cancer Medicine, Cancer Precision Medicine Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazutake Tsujikawa
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
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19
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Radziejewska I, Supruniuk K, Czarnomysy R, Buzun K, Bielawska A. Anti-Cancer Potential of Afzelin towards AGS Gastric Cancer Cells. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:973. [PMID: 34681197 PMCID: PMC8539446 DOI: 10.3390/ph14100973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Afzelin demonstrates anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. Our purpose was to assess its influence on apoptosis, Bax, caspases, MUC1, cancer-related carbohydrate antigens, enzymes participating in their formation, and galectin-3 in AGS gastric cancer cells. A total of 60 and 120 μM afzelin was used in all experiments. Flow cytometry was applied to determine apoptotic response. Western blotting and RT PCR were used to detect the expression of mentioned factors. Flavonoid at higher concentration revealed slight apoptotic respond. Bax, caspase-3, -8, -9 increased upon afzelin action. Stimulatory effect of the flavonoid on MUC1 cytoplasmic tail and extracellular domain in cell lysates and on MUC1 gene was revealed. MUC1 release into the culture medium was inhibited by the flavonoid. The 60 μM afzelin dose stimulated GalNAcTL5 protein expression and inhibited C1GalT1. ST6GalNAcT mRNA was inhibited by both flavonoid doses. ST3GalT was inhibited by 120 μM afzelin on protein and mRNA level. Lewisa/b protein was reduced by both afzelin concentrations. FUT3 and FUT4 mRNA was inhibited by 120 μM dose of afzelin. Galectin-3 protein increased in cell lysates and decreased in culture supernatant by 60 and 120 μM flavonoid. Galectin-3 gene expression was stimulated by two used concentrations of afzelin in comparison to control. We conclude that afzelin can be considered as the potential anti-cancer agent, supporting conventional cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Radziejewska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2a, 15-222 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Supruniuk
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2a, 15-222 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Robert Czarnomysy
- Department of Synthesis and Technology of Drugs, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Kilińskiego 1, 15-089 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Kamila Buzun
- Department of Biotechnology, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Kilińskiego 1, 15-089 Białystok, Poland; (K.B.); (A.B.)
| | - Anna Bielawska
- Department of Biotechnology, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Kilińskiego 1, 15-089 Białystok, Poland; (K.B.); (A.B.)
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20
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Matsuki M, Hirohashi Y, Nakatsugawa M, Murai A, Kubo T, Hashimoto S, Tokita S, Murata K, Kanaseki T, Tsukahara T, Nishida S, Tanaka T, Kitamura H, Masumori N, Torigoe T. Tumor-infiltrating CD8 + T cells recognize a heterogeneously expressed functional neoantigen in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2021; 71:905-918. [PMID: 34491407 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-021-03048-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are used in cancer immunotherapy to block programmed death-1 and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4, but the response rate for ICIs is still low and tumor cell heterogeneity is considered to be responsible for resistance to immunotherapy. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have an essential role in the anti-tumor effect of cancer immunotherapy; however, the specificity of TILs in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is elusive. In this study, we analyzed a 58-year-old case with clear cell RCC (ccRCC) with the tumor showing macroscopic and microscopic heterogeneity. The tumor was composed of low-grade and high-grade ccRCC. A tumor cell line (1226 RCC cells) and TILs were isolated from the high-grade ccRCC lesion, and a TIL clone recognized a novel neoantigen peptide (YVVPGSPCL) encoded by a missense mutation of the tensin 1 (TNS1) gene in a human leukocyte antigen-C*03:03-restricted fashion. The TNS1 gene mutation was not detected in the low-grade ccRCC lesion and the TIL clone did not recognized low-grade ccRCC cells. The missense mutation of TNS1 encoding the S1309Y mutation was found to be related to cell migration by gene over-expression. These findings suggest that macroscopically and microscopically heterogenous tumors might show heterogenous gene mutations and reactivity to TILs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Matsuki
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan.,Department of Urology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Hirohashi
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan.
| | - Munehide Nakatsugawa
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan.,Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Center, Hachioji, Tokyo, 193-0998, Japan
| | - Aiko Murai
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Terufumi Kubo
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Shinichi Hashimoto
- Department of Molecular Pathophysiology, Institute of Advanced Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Serina Tokita
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Kenji Murata
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kanaseki
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Tomohide Tsukahara
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Sachiyo Nishida
- Department of Urology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Tanaka
- Department of Urology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kitamura
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Naoya Masumori
- Department of Urology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Torigoe
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan.
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21
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Tutino VM, Lu Y, Ishii D, Poppenberg KE, Rajabzadeh-Oghaz H, Siddiqui AH, Hasan DM. Aberrant Whole Blood Gene Expression in the Lumen of Human Intracranial Aneurysms. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11081442. [PMID: 34441376 PMCID: PMC8392298 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11081442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The rupture of an intracranial aneurysm (IA) causes devastating hemorrhagic strokes. Yet, most IAs remain asymptomatic and undetected until they rupture. In the search for circulating biomarkers of unruptured IAs, we previously performed transcriptome profiling on whole blood and identified an IA-associated panel of 18 genes. In this study, we seek to determine if these genes are also differentially expressed within the IA lumen, which could provide a mechanistic link between the disease and the observed circulating gene expression patterns. To this end, we collected blood from the lumen of 37 IAs and their proximal parent vessels in 31 patients. The expression levels of 18 genes in the lumen and proximal vessel were then measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. This analysis revealed that the expression of 6/18 genes (CBWD6, MT2A, MZT2B, PIM3, SLC37A3, and TNFRSF4) was significantly higher in intraluminal blood, while the expression of 3/18 genes (ST6GALNAC1, TCN2, and UFSP1) was significantly lower. There was a significant, positive correlation between intraluminal and proximal expression of CXCL10, MT2A, and MZT2B, suggesting local increases of these genes is reflected in the periphery. Expression of ST6GALNAC1 and TIFAB was significantly positively correlated with IA size, while expression of CCDC85B was significantly positively correlated with IA enhancement on post-contrast MRI, a metric of IA instability and risk. In conclusion, intraluminal expression differences in half of the IA-associated genes observed in this study provide evidence for IA tissue-mediated transcriptional changes in whole blood. Additionally, some genes may be informative in assessing IA risk, as their intraluminal expression was correlated to IA size and aneurysmal wall enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent M. Tutino
- Canon Stroke and Vascular Research Center, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA; (V.M.T.); (K.E.P.); (H.R.-O.); (A.H.S.)
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Yongjun Lu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
| | - Daizo Ishii
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, 1616 JCP, 200 Hawkins Dr, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
| | - Kerry E. Poppenberg
- Canon Stroke and Vascular Research Center, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA; (V.M.T.); (K.E.P.); (H.R.-O.); (A.H.S.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Hamidreza Rajabzadeh-Oghaz
- Canon Stroke and Vascular Research Center, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA; (V.M.T.); (K.E.P.); (H.R.-O.); (A.H.S.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Adnan H. Siddiqui
- Canon Stroke and Vascular Research Center, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA; (V.M.T.); (K.E.P.); (H.R.-O.); (A.H.S.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - David M. Hasan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, 1616 JCP, 200 Hawkins Dr, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-319-384-8669
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22
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The Role of Glycosyltransferases in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115822. [PMID: 34070747 PMCID: PMC8198577 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the main causes of cancer death in the world. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) have been extensively studied in malignancies due to its relevance in tumor pathogenesis and therapy. This review is focused on the dysregulation of glycosyltransferase expression in CRC and its impact in cell function and in several biological pathways associated with CRC pathogenesis, prognosis and therapeutic approaches. Glycan structures act as interface molecules between cells and their environment and in several cases facilitate molecule function. CRC tissue shows alterations in glycan structures decorating molecules, such as annexin-1, mucins, heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90), β1 integrin, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 (IGFBP3), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) receptors, Fas (CD95), PD-L1, decorin, sorbin and SH3 domain-containing protein 1 (SORBS1), CD147 and glycosphingolipids. All of these are described as key molecules in oncogenesis and metastasis. Therefore, glycosylation in CRC can affect cell migration, cell–cell adhesion, actin polymerization, mitosis, cell membrane repair, apoptosis, cell differentiation, stemness regulation, intestinal mucosal barrier integrity, immune system regulation, T cell polarization and gut microbiota composition; all such functions are associated with the prognosis and evolution of the disease. According to these findings, multiple strategies have been evaluated to alter oligosaccharide processing and to modify glycoconjugate structures in order to control CRC progression and prevent metastasis. Additionally, immunotherapy approaches have contemplated the use of neo-antigens, generated by altered glycosylation, as targets for tumor-specific T cells or engineered CAR (Chimeric antigen receptors) T cells.
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Aberrant Sialylation in Cancer: Biomarker and Potential Target for Therapeutic Intervention? Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13092014. [PMID: 33921986 PMCID: PMC8122436 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Sialylation is a post-translational modification that consists in the addition of sialic acid to growing glycan chains on glycoproteins and glycolipids. Aberrant sialylation is an established hallmark of several types of cancer, including breast, ovarian, pancreatic, prostate, colorectal and lung cancers, melanoma and hepatocellular carcinoma. Hypersialylation can be the effect of increased activity of sialyltransferases and results in an excess of negatively charged sialic acid on the surface of cancer cells. Sialic acid accumulation contributes to tumor progression by several paths, including stimulation of tumor invasion and migration, and enhancing immune evasion and tumor cell survival. In this review we explore the mechanisms by which sialyltransferases promote cancer progression. In addition, we provide insights into the possible use of sialyltransferases as biomarkers for cancer and summarize findings on the development of sialyltransferase inhibitors as potential anti-cancer treatments. Abstract Sialylation is an integral part of cellular function, governing many biological processes including cellular recognition, adhesion, molecular trafficking, signal transduction and endocytosis. Sialylation is controlled by the levels and the activities of sialyltransferases on glycoproteins and lipids. Altered gene expression of these enzymes in cancer yields to cancer-specific alterations of glycoprotein sialylation. Mounting evidence indicate that hypersialylation is closely associated with cancer progression and metastatic spread, and can be of prognostic significance in human cancer. Aberrant sialylation is not only a result of cancer, but also a driver of malignant phenotype, directly impacting key processes such as tumor cell dissociation and invasion, cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, angiogenesis, resistance to apoptosis, and evasion of immune destruction. In this review we provide insights on the impact of sialylation in tumor progression, and outline the possible application of sialyltransferases as cancer biomarkers. We also summarize the most promising findings on the development of sialyltransferase inhibitors as potential anti-cancer treatments.
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Khan T, Cabral H. Abnormal Glycosylation of Cancer Stem Cells and Targeting Strategies. Front Oncol 2021; 11:649338. [PMID: 33889547 PMCID: PMC8056457 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.649338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cell (CSCs) are deemed as one of the main reasons of tumor relapse due to their resistance to standard therapies. Numerous intracellular signaling pathways along with extracellular features are crucial in regulating CSCs properties, such as heterogeneity, plasticity and differentiation. Aberrant glycosylation of these cellular signaling pathways and markers of CSCs have been directly correlated with maintaining survival, self-renewal and extravasation properties. In this review, we highlight the importance of glycosylation in promoting stemness character of CSCs, and present strategies for targeting abnormal glycosylation to eliminate the resistant CSC population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Horacio Cabral
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Jahangiri L, Ishola T, Pucci P, Trigg RM, Pereira J, Williams JA, Cavanagh ML, Gkoutos GV, Tsaprouni L, Turner SD. The Role of Autophagy and lncRNAs in the Maintenance of Cancer Stem Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13061239. [PMID: 33799834 PMCID: PMC7998932 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cancer stem cells (CSCs) represent a distinct cancer subpopulation that can influence the tumour microenvironment, in addition to cancer progression and relapse. A multitude of factors including CSC properties, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and autophagy play pivotal roles in maintaining CSCs. We discuss the methods of detection of CSCs and how our knowledge of regulatory and cellular processes, and their interaction with the microenvironment, may lead to more effective targeting of these cells. Autophagy and lncRNAs can regulate several cellular functions, thereby promoting stemness factors and CSC properties, hence understanding this triangle and its associated signalling networks can lead to enhanced therapy response, while paving the way for the development of novel therapeutic approaches. Abstract Cancer stem cells (CSCs) possess properties such as self-renewal, resistance to apoptotic cues, quiescence, and DNA-damage repair capacity. Moreover, CSCs strongly influence the tumour microenvironment (TME) and may account for cancer progression, recurrence, and relapse. CSCs represent a distinct subpopulation in tumours and the detection, characterisation, and understanding of the regulatory landscape and cellular processes that govern their maintenance may pave the way to improving prognosis, selective targeted therapy, and therapy outcomes. In this review, we have discussed the characteristics of CSCs identified in various cancer types and the role of autophagy and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in maintaining the homeostasis of CSCs. Further, we have discussed methods to detect CSCs and strategies for treatment and relapse, taking into account the requirement to inhibit CSC growth and survival within the complex backdrop of cellular processes, microenvironmental interactions, and regulatory networks associated with cancer. Finally, we critique the computationally reinforced triangle of factors inclusive of CSC properties, the process of autophagy, and lncRNA and their associated networks with respect to hypoxia, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Jahangiri
- Department of Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham B15 3TN, UK; (T.I.); (M.L.C.); (L.T.)
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (P.P.); (R.M.T.); (S.D.T.)
- Correspondence: (L.J.); (G.V.G.)
| | - Tala Ishola
- Department of Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham B15 3TN, UK; (T.I.); (M.L.C.); (L.T.)
| | - Perla Pucci
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (P.P.); (R.M.T.); (S.D.T.)
| | - Ricky M. Trigg
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (P.P.); (R.M.T.); (S.D.T.)
- Department of Functional Genomics, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Joao Pereira
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA;
| | - John A. Williams
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK;
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2SY, UK
| | - Megan L. Cavanagh
- Department of Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham B15 3TN, UK; (T.I.); (M.L.C.); (L.T.)
| | - Georgios V. Gkoutos
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK;
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2SY, UK
- Mammalian Genetics Unit, Medical Research Council Harwell Institute, Oxfordshire OX110RD, UK
- MRC Health Data Research Midlands, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- NIHR Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- NIHR Surgical Reconstruction and Microbiology Research Centre, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- Correspondence: (L.J.); (G.V.G.)
| | - Loukia Tsaprouni
- Department of Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham B15 3TN, UK; (T.I.); (M.L.C.); (L.T.)
| | - Suzanne D. Turner
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (P.P.); (R.M.T.); (S.D.T.)
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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Urh K, Žlajpah M, Zidar N, Boštjančič E. Identification and Validation of New Cancer Stem Cell-Related Genes and Their Regulatory microRNAs in Colorectal Cancerogenesis. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9020179. [PMID: 33670246 PMCID: PMC7916981 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9020179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Significant progress has been made in the last decade in our understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms of colorectal cancer (CRC). Cancer stem cells (CSC) have gained much attention and are now believed to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of various cancers, including CRC. In the current study, we validated gene expression of four genes related to CSC, L1TD1, SLITRK6, ST6GALNAC1 and TCEA3, identified in a previous bioinformatics analysis. Using bioinformatics, potential miRNA-target gene correlations were prioritized. In total, 70 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded biopsy samples from 47 patients with adenoma, adenoma with early carcinoma and CRC without and with lymph node metastases were included. The expression of selected genes and microRNAs (miRNAs) was evaluated using quantitative PCR. Differential expression of all investigated genes and four of six prioritized miRNAs (hsa-miR-199a-3p, hsa-miR-335-5p, hsa-miR-425-5p, hsa-miR-1225-3p, hsa-miR-1233-3p and hsa-miR-1303) was found in at least one group of CRC cancerogenesis. L1TD1, SLITRK6, miR-1233-3p and miR-1225-3p were correlated to the level of malignancy. A negative correlation between miR-199a-3p and its predicted target SLITRK6 was observed, showing potential for further experimental validation in CRC. Our results provide further evidence that CSC-related genes and their regulatory miRNAs are involved in CRC development and progression and suggest that some them, particularly miR-199a-3p and its SLITRK6 target gene, are promising for further validation in CRC.
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Lazar SB, Pongor L, Li XL, Grammatikakis I, Muys BR, Dangelmaier EA, Redon CE, Jang SM, Walker RL, Tang W, Ambs S, Harris CC, Meltzer PS, Aladjem MI, Lal A. Genome-Wide Analysis of the FOXA1 Transcriptional Network Identifies Novel Protein-Coding and Long Noncoding RNA Targets in Colorectal Cancer Cells. Mol Cell Biol 2020; 40:e00224-20. [PMID: 32839292 PMCID: PMC7556848 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00224-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Differentiation status of tumors is correlated with metastatic potential and malignancy. FOXA1 (forkhead box A1) is a transcription factor known to regulate differentiation in certain tissues. Here, we investigate FOXA1 function in human colorectal cancer (CRC). We found that FOXA1 is robustly expressed in the normal human colon but significantly downregulated in colon adenocarcinoma. Applying FOXA1 chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with deep sequencing and transcriptome analysis upon FOXA1 knockdown in well-differentiated CRC cells and FOXA1 overexpression in poorly differentiated CRC cells, we identified novel protein-coding and lncRNA genes regulated by FOXA1. Among the numerous novel FOXA1 targets we identified, we focused on CEACAM5, a tumor marker and facilitator of cell adhesion. We show that FOXA1 binds to a distal enhancer downstream of CEACAM5 and strongly activates its expression. Consistent with these data, we show that FOXA1 inhibits anoikis in CRC cells. Collectively, our results uncover novel protein-coding and noncoding targets of FOXA1 and suggest a vital role of FOXA1 in enhancing CEACAM5 expression and anoikis resistance in CRC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah B Lazar
- Regulatory RNAs and Cancer Section, Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Lorinc Pongor
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, CCR, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Xiao Ling Li
- Regulatory RNAs and Cancer Section, Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ioannis Grammatikakis
- Regulatory RNAs and Cancer Section, Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Bruna R Muys
- Regulatory RNAs and Cancer Section, Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Emily A Dangelmaier
- Regulatory RNAs and Cancer Section, Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Christophe E Redon
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, CCR, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Sang-Min Jang
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, CCR, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Robert L Walker
- Molecular Genetics Section, Genetics Branch, CCR, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Wei Tang
- Molecular Epidemiology Section, Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, CCR, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Stefan Ambs
- Molecular Epidemiology Section, Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, CCR, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Curtis C Harris
- Molecular Genetics and Carcinogenesis Section, Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, CCR, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Paul S Meltzer
- Molecular Genetics Section, Genetics Branch, CCR, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Mirit I Aladjem
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, CCR, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ashish Lal
- Regulatory RNAs and Cancer Section, Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Mehta AY, Veeraiah RKH, Dutta S, Goth CK, Hanes MS, Gao C, Stavenhagen K, Kardish R, Matsumoto Y, Heimburg-Molinaro J, Boyce M, Pohl NLB, Cummings RD. Parallel Glyco-SPOT Synthesis of Glycopeptide Libraries. Cell Chem Biol 2020; 27:1207-1219.e9. [PMID: 32610041 PMCID: PMC7556346 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2020.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glycan recognition is typically studied using free glycans, but glycopeptide presentations represent more physiological conditions for glycoproteins. To facilitate studies of glycopeptide recognition, we developed Glyco-SPOT synthesis, which enables the parallel production of diverse glycopeptide libraries at microgram scales. The method uses a closed system for prolonged reactions required for coupling Fmoc-protected glycoamino acids, including O-, N-, and S-linked glycosides, and release conditions to prevent side reactions. To optimize reaction conditions and sample reaction progress, we devised a biopsy testing method. We demonstrate the efficient utilization of such microscale glycopeptide libraries to determine the specificity of glycan-recognizing antibodies (e.g., CTD110.6) using microarrays, enzyme specificity on-array and in-solution (e.g., ST6GalNAc1, GCNT1, and T-synthase), and binding kinetics using fluorescence polarization. We demonstrated that the glycosylation on these peptides can be expanded using glycosyltransferases both in-solution and on-array. This technology will promote the discovery of biological functions of peptide modifications by glycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akul Y Mehta
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, National Center for Functional Glycomics, CLS 11087 - 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ravi Kumar H Veeraiah
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 120A Simon Hall, 212 South Hawthorne Drive, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Sucharita Dutta
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, National Center for Functional Glycomics, CLS 11087 - 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Christoffer K Goth
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, National Center for Functional Glycomics, CLS 11087 - 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Melinda S Hanes
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, National Center for Functional Glycomics, CLS 11087 - 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Chao Gao
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, National Center for Functional Glycomics, CLS 11087 - 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kathrin Stavenhagen
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, National Center for Functional Glycomics, CLS 11087 - 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Robert Kardish
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, National Center for Functional Glycomics, CLS 11087 - 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yasuyuki Matsumoto
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, National Center for Functional Glycomics, CLS 11087 - 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jamie Heimburg-Molinaro
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, National Center for Functional Glycomics, CLS 11087 - 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michael Boyce
- Department of Biochemistry and Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Nicola L B Pohl
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 120A Simon Hall, 212 South Hawthorne Drive, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
| | - Richard D Cummings
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, National Center for Functional Glycomics, CLS 11087 - 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Fernandes E, Sores J, Cotton S, Peixoto A, Ferreira D, Freitas R, Reis CA, Santos LL, Ferreira JA. Esophageal, gastric and colorectal cancers: Looking beyond classical serological biomarkers towards glycoproteomics-assisted precision oncology. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:4903-4928. [PMID: 32308758 PMCID: PMC7163443 DOI: 10.7150/thno.42480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal (OC), gastric (GC) and colorectal (CRC) cancers are amongst the digestive track tumors with higher incidence and mortality due to significant molecular heterogeneity. This constitutes a major challenge for patients' management at different levels, including non-invasive detection of the disease, prognostication, therapy selection, patient's follow-up and the introduction of improved and safer therapeutics. Nevertheless, important milestones have been accomplished pursuing the goal of molecular-based precision oncology. Over the past five years, high-throughput technologies have been used to interrogate tumors of distinct clinicopathological natures, generating large-scale biological datasets (e.g. genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics). As a result, GC and CRC molecular subtypes have been established to assist patient stratification in the clinical settings. However, such molecular panels still require refinement and are yet to provide targetable biomarkers. In parallel, outstanding advances have been made regarding targeted therapeutics and immunotherapy, paving the way for improved patient care; nevertheless, important milestones towards treatment personalization and reduced off-target effects are also to be accomplished. Exploiting the cancer glycoproteome for unique molecular fingerprints generated by dramatic alterations in protein glycosylation may provide the necessary molecular rationale towards this end. Therefore, this review presents functional and clinical evidences supporting a reinvestigation of classical serological glycan biomarkers such as sialyl-Tn (STn) and sialyl-Lewis A (SLeA) antigens from a tumor glycoproteomics perspective. We anticipate that these glycobiomarkers that have so far been employed in non-invasive cancer prognostication may hold unexplored value for patients' management in precision oncology settings.
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Kotlo K, Anbazhagan AN, Priyamvada S, Jayawardena D, Kumar A, Chen Y, Xia Y, Finn PW, Perkins DL, Dudeja PK, Layden BT. The olfactory G protein-coupled receptor (Olfr-78/OR51E2) modulates the intestinal response to colitis. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 318:C502-C513. [PMID: 31913697 PMCID: PMC7099522 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00454.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Olfactory receptor-78 (Olfr-78) is a recently identified G protein-coupled receptor activated by short-chain fatty acids acetate and propionate. A suggested role for this receptor exists in the prostate where it may influence chronic inflammatory response leading to intraepithelial neoplasia. Olfr-78 has also been shown to be expressed in mouse colon. Short-chain fatty acids and their receptors are well known to modulate inflammation in the gut. Considering this possibility, we first explored if colitis regulated Olfr-78 expression in the gut, where we observed a significant reduction in the expression of Olfr-78 transcript in mouse models of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)- and 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis. To more directly test this, mice deficient in Olfr-78 were administered with DSS in water for 7 days and were found to have increased expression of IL-1β and inflammatory signs in colon compared with control mice. Next, we explored the expression of its human counterpart olfactory receptor family 51, subfamily E, member 2 (OR51E2) in human intestinal samples and observed that it was in fact also expressed in human colon samples. RNA sequence analysis revealed significant changes in the genes involved in infection, immunity, inflammation, and colorectal cancer between wild-type and Olfr-78 knockout mice. Collectively, our findings show that Olfr-78 is highly expressed in colon and downregulated in DSS- and TNBS-induced colitis, and DSS-treated Olfr-78 null mice had increased colonic expression of cytokine RNA levels, suggesting a potential role for this receptor in intestinal inflammation. Future investigations are needed to understand how Olfr-78/OR51E2 in both mouse and human intestine modulates gastrointestinal pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Kotlo
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Arivarasu N Anbazhagan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Shubha Priyamvada
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Dulari Jayawardena
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Anoop Kumar
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Yinglin Xia
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Patricia W Finn
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Microbiology/Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - David L Perkins
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Pradeep K Dudeja
- Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, Illinoi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Brian T Layden
- Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, Illinoi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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Gupta R, Leon F, Rauth S, Batra SK, Ponnusamy MP. A Systematic Review on the Implications of O-linked Glycan Branching and Truncating Enzymes on Cancer Progression and Metastasis. Cells 2020; 9:E446. [PMID: 32075174 PMCID: PMC7072808 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation is the most commonly occurring post-translational modifications, and is believed to modify over 50% of all proteins. The process of glycan modification is directed by different glycosyltransferases, depending on the cell in which it is expressed. These small carbohydrate molecules consist of multiple glycan families that facilitate cell-cell interactions, protein interactions, and downstream signaling. An alteration of several types of O-glycan core structures have been implicated in multiple cancers, largely due to differential glycosyltransferase expression or activity. Consequently, aberrant O-linked glycosylation has been extensively demonstrated to affect biological function and protein integrity that directly result in cancer growth and progression of several diseases. Herein, we provide a comprehensive review of several initiating enzymes involved in the synthesis of O-linked glycosylation that significantly contribute to a number of different cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohitesh Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (R.G.); (F.L.); (S.R.)
| | - Frank Leon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (R.G.); (F.L.); (S.R.)
| | - Sanchita Rauth
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (R.G.); (F.L.); (S.R.)
| | - Surinder K. Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (R.G.); (F.L.); (S.R.)
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 681980-5900, USA
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, UNMC, Omaha, NE 68198-5900, USA
| | - Moorthy P. Ponnusamy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (R.G.); (F.L.); (S.R.)
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 681980-5900, USA
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Bärenwaldt A, Läubli H. The sialoglycan-Siglec glyco-immune checkpoint - a target for improving innate and adaptive anti-cancer immunity. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2019; 23:839-853. [PMID: 31524529 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2019.1667977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: During cancer progression, tumor cells develop several mechanisms to prevent killing and to shape the immune system into a tumor-promoting environment. One of such regulatory mechanism is the overexpression of sialic acid (Sia) on carbohydrates of proteins and lipids on tumor cells. Sia-containing glycans or sialoglycans were shown to inhibit immune effector functions of NK cells and T cells by engaging inhibitory Siglec receptors on the surface of these cells. They can also modulate the differentiation of myeloid cells into tumor-promoting M2 macrophages. Areas covered: We review the role of sialoglycans in cancer and introduce the Siglecs, their expression on different immune cells and their interaction with cancer-associated sialoglycans. The targeting of this sialoglycan-Siglec glyco-immune checkpoint is discussed along with potential therapeutic approaches. Pubmed was searched for publications on Siglecs, sialic acid, and cancer. Expert opinion: The targeting of sialoglycan-Siglec interactions has become a major focus in cancer research. New approaches have been developed that directly target sialic acids in tumor lesions. Targeted sialidases that cleave sialic acid specifically in the tumor, have already shown efficacy; efforts targeting the sialoglycan-Siglec pathway for improvement of CAR T cell therapy are ongoing. The sialoglycan-Siglec immune checkpoint is a promising new target for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Bärenwaldt
- Division of Medical Oncology, and Laboratory for Cancer Immunotherapy, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel , Basel , Switzerland
| | - Heinz Läubli
- Division of Medical Oncology, and Laboratory for Cancer Immunotherapy, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel , Basel , Switzerland
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33
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Wu Q, Wu Z, Bao C, Li W, He H, Sun Y, Chen Z, Zhang H, Ning Z. Cancer stem cells in esophageal squamous cell cancer. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:5022-5032. [PMID: 31612013 PMCID: PMC6781610 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are hypothesized to govern the origin, progression, drug resistance, recurrence and metastasis of human cancer. CSCs have been identified in nearly all types of human cancer, including esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC). Four major methods are typically used to isolate or enrich CSCs, including: i) fluorescence-activated cell sorting or magnetic-activated cell sorting using cell-specific surface markers; ii) stem cell markers, including aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A1; iii) side population cell phenotype markers; and iv) microsphere culture methods. ESCC stem cells have been identified using a number of these methods. An increasing number of stem cell signatures and pathways have been identified, which have assisted in the clarification of molecular mechanisms that regulate the stemness of ESCC stem cells. Certain viruses, such as human papillomavirus and hepatitis B virus, are also considered to be important in the formation of CSCs, and there is a crosstalk between stemness and viruses-associated genes/pathways, which may suggest a potential therapeutic strategy for the eradication of CSCs. In the present review, findings are summarized along these lines of inquiry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wu
- Basic Medical School, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437100, P.R. China.,Nurse School, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437100, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Wu
- Basic Medical School, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437100, P.R. China
| | - Cuiyu Bao
- Nurse School, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437100, P.R. China
| | - Wenjing Li
- Basic Medical School, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437100, P.R. China
| | - Hui He
- Basic Medical School, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437100, P.R. China
| | - Yanling Sun
- Basic Medical School, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437100, P.R. China
| | - Zimin Chen
- Basic Medical School, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437100, P.R. China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Basic Medical School, Ji'nan University Medical School, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Zhifeng Ning
- Basic Medical School, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437100, P.R. China
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Liu Q, Bai W, Huang F, Tang J, Lin X. Downregulation of microRNA-196a inhibits stem cell self-renewal ability and stemness in non-small-cell lung cancer through upregulating GPX3 expression. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2019; 115:105571. [PMID: 31352088 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2019.105571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Studies have reported a high expression profile of microRNA-196a (miR-196a) in many cancers, which potently plays important roles in carcinogenesis. However, the involvement of miR-196a in affecting non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) carcinogenesis still remains uncertain. NSCLC-related differentially expressed genes were retrieved for this study according to the microarray-based analysis, which demonstrated that miR-196a may be involved in NSCLC progression via regulation of the Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway by targeting glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPX3). Hence, this study aimed to explore the relationship among miR-196a, GPX3, and the JNK pathway and to investigate its functional regulations in NSCLC. Initially, highly-expressed miR-196a and lowly-expressed GPX3 were determined in NSCLC tissues and cells. Next, the NSCLC cells were manipulated with a series of mimic, inhibitor or shRNA to investigate the impact of miR-196a and GPX3 on CSC viability, proliferation, self-renewal ability and stemness. The in vivo effect of miR-196a was measured in nude mice xenografted with NSCLC cells. The results demonstrated that downregulation of miR-196a and restoration of GPX3 inhibited CSC viability, proliferation, self-renewal ability, stemness and tumorigenicity. Meanwhile, the underlying relationship among miR-196a, GPX3 and JNK pathway was explored by treatment with the JNK pathway inhibitor (SP600125), or sh-GPX3. Downregulated miR-196a and upregulated GPX3 could elevate the GPX3 protein expression and reduce the extent of JNK and c-Jun phosphorylation. Taken together, miR-196a promotes the development of NSCLC via activation of the JNK pathway through down-regulation of GPX3 and serve as a potential therapeutic target in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | - Wei Bai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | - Fang Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | - Jian Tang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | - Xiang Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China.
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Meng S, Jian Z, Yan X, Li J, Zhang R. LncRNA SNHG6 inhibits cell proliferation and metastasis by targeting ETS1 via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in colorectal cancer. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:2541-2548. [PMID: 31322251 PMCID: PMC6691244 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The term ‘long non-coding RNAs’ (lncRNAs) refers to all non-protein coding transcripts >200 nucleotides in length. Dysregulation of lncRNAs has been identified in colorectal cancer, which is one of the more serious types of cancer worldwide, third place in the mortality rates, and is associated with poor prognoses. Novel evidence suggests that lncRNAs serve an important role in regulating the development and progression of colorectal cancer. In the present study, it was demonstrated that SNHG6 expression was downregulated in colorectal cancer tissues by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays; however, ETS1 expression levels were upregulated. Overexpression of SNHG6 not only inhibited the proliferation of colon cancer cells in vitro by inducing apoptosis, but also inhibited cell proliferation, invasion and migration. The overexpression of SNHG6 inhibited colon cell viability and proliferation by targeting ETS1 through the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mechanistic target of rapamycin signaling pathway. These results suggested that SNHG6 may directly suppress ETS1, which may be one of potential mechanisms through which it inhibits the viability and proliferation of colorectal cancer cells, and it provides novel insight into the carcinogenesis of colorectal cancer. In addition, it may assist in the development of a treatment approach for ETS1-activated colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Meng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, P.R. China
| | - Zhao Jian
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofei Yan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, P.R. China
| | - Jibin Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, P.R. China
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Wang WY, Cao YX, Zhou X, Wei B, Zhan L, Sun SY. Stimulative role of ST6GALNAC1 in proliferation, migration and invasion of ovarian cancer stem cells via the Akt signaling pathway. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:86. [PMID: 30996686 PMCID: PMC6451308 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-0780-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer is known as one of the most common cancers in the world among women. ST6GALNAC1 is highly expressed in cancer stem cells (CSCs), which correlates to high tumor-initiating, self-renewal and differentiation abilities. This present study aims to investigate how ST6GALNAC1 affects ovarian cancer stem cells (OCSCs). Methods In order to identify the differentially expressed genes related to ovarian cancer, microarray-based gene expression profiling of ovarian cancer was used, and ST6GALANC1 was one of the identified targets. After that, levels of ST6GALNAC1 in OCSCs and ovarian cancer cells were examined. Subsequently, an Akt signaling pathway inhibitor LY294002 was introduced into the cluster of differentiation 90+ (CD90+) stem cells, and cell proliferation, migration and invasion, levels of CXCL16, EGFR, CD44, Nanog and Oct4, as well as tumorigenicity of OCSCs were examined. Results By using a comprehensive microarray analysis, it was determined that ST6GALNAC1 was highly expressed in ovarian cancer and it regulated the Akt signaling pathway. High levels of ST6GALNAC1 were observed in OCSCs and ovarian cancer cells. Silencing ST6GALNAC1 was shown to be able to reduce cell proliferation, migration, invasion, self-renewal ability, tumorigenicity of OCSCs. In accordance with these results, the effects of ST6GALNAC1 in OCSCs were dependent on the Akt signaling pathway. Conclusions When taken together, our findings defined the potential stimulative roles of ST6GALNAC1 in ovarian cancer and OCSCs, which relied on the Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yan Wang
- 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601 People's Republic of China.,2Teaching and Research Group of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Anhui Medical University, No. 81, Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032 Anhui People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Xia Cao
- 2Teaching and Research Group of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Anhui Medical University, No. 81, Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032 Anhui People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Zhou
- 3Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601 People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Wei
- 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601 People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhan
- 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601 People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Ying Sun
- 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601 People's Republic of China
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Wu XB, Feng X, Chang QM, Zhang CW, Wang ZF, Liu J, Hu ZQ, Liu JZ, Wu WD, Zhang ZP, Liu XQ. Cross-talk among AFAP1-AS1, ACVR1 and microRNA-384 regulates the stemness of pancreatic cancer cells and tumorigenicity in nude mice. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:107. [PMID: 30819221 PMCID: PMC6396461 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1051-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Pancreatic cancer (PC) represents one of the most aggressive forms of cancer. The role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) has been highlighted in various malignancies including PC. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects associated with actin filament-associated protein 1 antisense RNA 1 (AFAP1-AS1) on the progression of PC and the underlying mechanism. Methods Microarray-based gene expression profiling of PC was performed to identify PC-related lncRNAs, after which the expression of AFAP1-AS1 and cancer stem cell (CSC) markers in PC tissues and cells were determined accordingly. The potential microRNA-384 (miR-384) capable of binding to AFAP1-AS1, in addition to its ability to regulate activin receptor A type I (ACVR1) were analyzed. In order to investigate the effect of the AFAP1-AS1/miR-384/ACVR1 axis on self-renewal ability, tumorigenicity, invasion, migration and stemness of PC cells, shRNA-AFAP1-AS1, miR-384 mimic and inhibitor were cloned into cells. Results High expression of AFAP1-AS1 and ACVR1 with low expression of miR-384 were detected in PC tissues. ACVR1 was determined to be down-regulated when miR-384 was overexpressed, while the inhibition of AFAP1-AS1 decreased its ability to binding competitively to miR-384, resulting in the down-regulation of ACVR1 and enhancing miR-384 expression, ultimately inhibiting the progression of PC. The knockdown of AFAP1-AS1 or overexpression of miR-384 was confirmed to impair PC cell self-renewal ability, tumorigenicity, invasion, migration and stemness. Conclusions Taken together, AFAP1-AS1 functions as an endogenous RNA by competitively binding to miR-384 to regulate ACVR1, thus conferring inhibitory effects on PC cell stemness and tumorigenicity. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-019-1051-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Bo Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, No. 170, Xinsong Road, Xinzhuang Town, Minhang District, Shanghai, 201199, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Feng
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, No. 158, Shangtang Road, Zhaohui District, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi-Meng Chang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, No. 170, Xinsong Road, Xinzhuang Town, Minhang District, Shanghai, 201199, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Wu Zhang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, No. 158, Shangtang Road, Zhaohui District, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Fei Wang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, No. 158, Shangtang Road, Zhaohui District, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, No. 158, Shangtang Road, Zhaohui District, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Qiu Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, No. 170, Xinsong Road, Xinzhuang Town, Minhang District, Shanghai, 201199, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Zhe Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, No. 170, Xinsong Road, Xinzhuang Town, Minhang District, Shanghai, 201199, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Ding Wu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, No. 158, Shangtang Road, Zhaohui District, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zi-Ping Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, No. 170, Xinsong Road, Xinzhuang Town, Minhang District, Shanghai, 201199, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xi-Qiang Liu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, No. 158, Shangtang Road, Zhaohui District, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China.
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Dun S, Gao L. Tanshinone I attenuates proliferation and chemoresistance of cervical cancer in a KRAS-dependent manner. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2018; 33:e22267. [PMID: 30506648 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Chemoresistance is a common occurrence during advanced or recurrent cervical cancer therapy when treated by conventional treatment, platinum-based chemotherapy. This study aimed to investigate the effect and underlying mechanism of tanshinone I on attenuating proliferation and chemoresistance of cervical cancer cells. In cervical cancer cells, cell proliferation was examined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), cell count, and soft-agar colony-formation assay. rVista analysis and luciferase reporter assay were used to explore the upstream regulator of KRAS, and the expression levels of key genes were also detected. Western blot analysis showed that tanshinone I significantly suppressed KRAS expression and inhibited AKT phosphorylation. rVista analysis and luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that ELK1 can binds directly to KRAS promoter and positively regulates KRAS expression. MTT assay showed that KRAS or ELK1 overexpression significantly attenuated the suppressive effects of tanshinone I on HeLa cells proliferation. In addition, tanshinone I recovered the cisplatin sensitivity of HeLa CR cells, whereas KRAS or ELK1 overexpression significantly inhibited this phenomenon. Our results suggested that tanshinone I had anticancer effects on cervical cancer cells via inhibiting ELK1 and downregulating KRAS-AKT axis, which subsequently suppressed the proliferation and cisplatin resistance of cervical cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidi Dun
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Daqing Oilfield General Hospital, Daqing, China
| | - Lan Gao
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Daqing Oilfield General Hospital, Daqing, China
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