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Duan YH, Wang HL, Liu MN, Xu TM, Zhang K. Reflections on the complex mechanisms of endometriosis from the perspective of ferroptosis. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 259:155353. [PMID: 38797129 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a novel type of iron-dependent programmed cell death characterised by intracellular iron overload, increased lipid peroxidation and abnormal accumulation of reactive oxygen species.It has been implicated in the progression of several diseases including cancer, ischaemia-reperfusion injury, neurodegenerative diseases and liver disease. The etiology of endometriosis (EMS) is still unclear and is associated with multiple factors, often accompanied by various forms of cell death and a complex microenvironment. In recent decades, the role of non-traditional forms of cell death, represented by ferroptosis, in endometriosis has come to the attention of researchers. This article reviews the transitional role of iron homeostasis in the development of ferroptosis, the characteristics and regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis, and focuses on summarising the links between iron death and various pathogenic mechanisms of EMS, including oxidative stress, dysregulation of lipid metabolism, inflammation, autophagy and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. The possible applications of ferroptosis in the treatment of EMS, future research directions and current issues are discussed with the aim of providing new ideas for further understanding of EMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Han Duan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - He-Lin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Meng-Na Liu
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tian-Min Xu
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Medical Research Center, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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2
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Taheri G, Habibi M. Uncovering driver genes in breast cancer through an innovative machine learning mutational analysis method. Comput Biol Med 2024; 171:108234. [PMID: 38430742 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer has become a severe public health concern and one of the leading causes of cancer-related death in women worldwide. Several genes and mutations in these genes linked to breast cancer have been identified using sophisticated techniques, despite the fact that the exact cause of breast cancer is still unknown. A commonly used feature for identifying driver mutations is the recurrence of a mutation in patients. Nevertheless, some mutations are more likely to occur than others for various reasons. Sequencing analysis has shown that cancer-driving genes operate across complex networks, often with mutations appearing in a modular pattern. In this work, as a retrospective study, we used TCGA data, which is gathered from breast cancer patients. We introduced a new machine-learning approach to examine gene functionality in networks derived from mutation associations, gene-gene interactions, and graph clustering for breast cancer analysis. These networks have uncovered crucial biological components in critical pathways, particularly those that exhibit low-frequency mutations. The statistical strength of the clinical study is significantly boosted by evaluating the network as a whole instead of just single gene effects. Our method successfully identified essential driver genes with diverse mutation frequencies. We then explored the functions of these potential driver genes and their related pathways. By uncovering low-frequency genes, we shed light on understudied pathways associated with breast cancer. Additionally, we present a novel Monte Carlo-based algorithm to identify driver modules in breast cancer. Our findings highlight the significance and role of these modules in critical signaling pathways in breast cancer, providing a comprehensive understanding of breast cancer development. Materials and implementations are available at: [https://github.com/MahnazHabibi/BreastCancer].
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Affiliation(s)
- Golnaz Taheri
- Department of Computer and Systems Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Mahnaz Habibi
- Department of Mathematics, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran
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3
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Liu YC, Gong YT, Sun QY, Wang B, Yan Y, Chen YX, Zhang LJ, Zhang WD, Luan X. Ferritinophagy induced ferroptosis in the management of cancer. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2024; 47:19-35. [PMID: 37713105 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-023-00858-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ferroptosis, a newly form of regulated cell death (RCD), is characterized by iron dyshomeostasis and unrestricted lipid peroxidation. Emerging evidence depicts a pivotal role for ferroptosis in driving some pathological processes, especially in cancer. Triggering ferroptosis can suppress tumor growth and induce an anti-tumor immune response, denoting the therapeutic promises for targeting ferroptosis in the management of cancer. As an autophagic phenomenon, ferritinophagy is critical to induce ferroptosis by degradation of ferritin to release intracellular free iron. Recently, a great deal of effort has gone into designing and developing anti-cancer strategies based on targeting ferritinophagy to induce ferroptosis. CONCLUSION This review delineates the regulatory mechanism of ferritinophagy firstly and summarizes the role of ferritinophagy-induced ferroptosis in cancer. Moreover, the strategies targeting ferritinophagy to induce ferroptosis are highlighted to unveil the therapeutic value of ferritinophagy as a target to manage cancer. Finally, the future research directions on how to cope with the challenges in developing ferritinophagy promoters into clinical therapeutics are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chen Liu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yi-Ting Gong
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Qing-Yan Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Bei Wang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yue Yan
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yi-Xu Chen
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Li-Jun Zhang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Wei-Dong Zhang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Xin Luan
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Luan Y, Yang Y, Luan Y, Liu H, Xing H, Pei J, Liu H, Qin B, Ren K. Targeting ferroptosis and ferritinophagy: new targets for cardiovascular diseases. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2024; 25:1-22. [PMID: 38163663 PMCID: PMC10758208 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2300097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a leading factor driving mortality worldwide. Iron, an essential trace mineral, is important in numerous biological processes, and its role in CVDs has raised broad discussion for decades. Iron-mediated cell death, namely ferroptosis, has attracted much attention due to its critical role in cardiomyocyte damage and CVDs. Furthermore, ferritinophagy is the upstream mechanism that induces ferroptosis, and is closely related to CVDs. This review aims to delineate the processes and mechanisms of ferroptosis and ferritinophagy, and the regulatory pathways and molecular targets involved in ferritinophagy, and to determine their roles in CVDs. Furthermore, we discuss the possibility of targeting ferritinophagy-induced ferroptosis modulators for treating CVDs. Collectively, this review offers some new insights into the pathology of CVDs and identifies possible therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Luan
- Clinical Systems Biology Research Laboratories, Translational Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Clinical Systems Biology Research Laboratories, Translational Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Ying Luan
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructures and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Han Xing
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Application & Translation of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Jinyan Pei
- Quality Management Department, Henan No. 3 Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Hengdao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China. ,
| | - Bo Qin
- Center for Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China. ,
| | - Kaidi Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
- Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Application & Translation of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
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Li L, Xu Y, Yang W, Zhang K, Zhang Z, Zhou J, Gong Y, Gong K. Construction of a two-gene prognostic model related to ferroptosis in renal cell carcinoma. Transl Androl Urol 2023; 12:1167-1183. [PMID: 37554538 PMCID: PMC10406542 DOI: 10.21037/tau-23-346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common and aggressive tumor. A newly discovered form of programmed cell death, ferroptosis, plays an important role in tumor development and progression. However, a clear prognostic correlation between Ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) and RCC has not yet been established. In this study, prognostic markers associated with FRGs were investigated to improve the therapeutic, diagnostic, and preventive strategies available to patients with renal cancer. METHODS The present study analyzed the predictive value of 23 FRGs in RCC through bioinformatics techniques, including Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) tools, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, Cox regression modeling, tumor mutational burden (TMB), CIBERSORT, and half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) difference analysis. RESULTS We screened FRGs by differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and overall survival (OS). Four candidate genes were obtained by hybridization. Then, we constructed a two-gene prognostic signature (NCOA4 and CDKN1A) via univariate Cox regression and multivariate stepwise Cox regression, which classified RCC patients into high- and low-risk groups, and patients in the high-risk group were found to have worse OS and progression-free survival (PFS). We also found that patients with higher TNM stage, T stage, and M stage had higher risk scores than those with lower TNM stage, T stage, and M stage (P<0.05). Males had higher risk scores than females. This signature was identified as an independent prognostic indicator for RCC. These results were validated in both the test cohort and the entire cohort. In addition, we also constructed a nomogram that predicted the OS in RCC patients, the consistency index (C-index) of the nomogram was 0.731 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.672-0.790], the areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves (AUCs) were 0.728, 0.704, and 0.898 at 1-, 3-, and 5-year, respectively, which shows that nomogram has good prediction ability. and we also analyzed the immune status and drug sensitivity between the high- and low-risk groups. CONCLUSIONS We constructed a prognostic model associated with ferroptosis, which may provide clinicians with a reliable predictive assessment tool and offer new perspectives for the future clinical management of RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Institution of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (Male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, China
- National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yawei Xu
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Institution of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (Male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, China
- National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing, China
| | - Wuping Yang
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Institution of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (Male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, China
- National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing, China
| | - Kenan Zhang
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Institution of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (Male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, China
- National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zedan Zhang
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Institution of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (Male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, China
- National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jingcheng Zhou
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Institution of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (Male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, China
- National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yanqing Gong
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Institution of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (Male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, China
- National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing, China
| | - Kan Gong
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Institution of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (Male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, China
- National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing, China
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Wyatt J, Fernando SM, Powell SG, Hill CJ, Arshad I, Probert C, Ahmed S, Hapangama DK. The role of iron in the pathogenesis of endometriosis: a systematic review. Hum Reprod Open 2023; 2023:hoad033. [PMID: 37638130 PMCID: PMC10457727 DOI: 10.1093/hropen/hoad033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION What is the role of iron in the pathophysiology of endometriosis? SUMMARY ANSWER Iron excess is demonstrated wherever endometriotic tissues are found and is associated with oxidative stress, an inflammatory micro-environment, and cell damage; the iron-mediated oxidative stress is independently linked to subfertility, symptom severity, and malignant transformation. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Iron is found in excess in endometriotic tissues, and multiple mechanisms have been studied and posited to explain this. It is clear that iron excess plays a vital role in promoting oxidative stress and cell damage. The evidence base is large, but no comprehensive reviews exist to summarize our understanding and highlight the overarching themes to further our understanding and suggest future directions of study for the field. STUDY DESIGN SIZE DURATION This systematic review with a thematic analysis retrieved studies from the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases and searches were conducted from inception through to August 2022. Human and animal studies published in the English language were included and identified using a combination of exploded MeSH terms ('Iron' and 'Endometriosis') and free-text search terms ('Iron', 'Ferric', 'Ferrous', 'Endometriosis', 'Endometrioma'). PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS SETTING METHODS This review was reported in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. All studies reporting original data concerning the role of iron or iron complexes in the pathophysiology of endometriosis were included. Studies that did not report original data or provided a review of the field were excluded. Bias analysis was completed for each included study by using the Newcastle-Ottawa scoring system. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE There were 776 records identified and these were screened down to 53 studies which met the eligibility criteria, including 6 animal and 47 human studies, with 3556 individual participants. Iron excess is demonstrated in various tissues and fluids, including ovarian endometriomas, ovarian follicles, ectopic endometriotic lesions, and peritoneal fluid. Markers of oxidative stress are strongly associated with high iron levels, and aberrant expression of iron-transport proteins has been demonstrated. Abnormal resistance to ferroptosis is likely. Iron-mediated oxidative stress is responsible for a pro-inflammatory micro-environment and is linked to subfertility, symptom severity, and, possibly, malignant transformation. LIMITATIONS REASONS FOR CAUTION A minority of the included studies were of objectively low quality with a high risk of bias and may lead to misleading conclusions. Additionally, multiple studies failed to appropriately characterize the included patients by known confounding variables, such as menstrual cycle phase, which may introduce bias to the findings. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Current literature depicts a central role of aberrant iron mechanics and subsequent oxidative stress in endometriosis. It is likely that iron excess is at least partly responsible for the persistence and proliferation of ectopic endometriotic lesions. As such, iron mechanics represent an attractive target for novel therapeutics, including iron chelators or effectors of the iron-oxidative stress pathway. There are significant gaps in our current understanding, and this review highlights and recommends several topics for further research. These include the role of iron chelation, resistance to ferroptosis, the relationship between iron excess and localized hypoxia, systemic iron pathophysiology in endometriosis, and the role of oxidative stress in malignant transformation. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS J.W. and S.G.P. are supported by clinical fellowships at Liverpool University Hospital NHS Foundation trust. No additional funding was requested or required for the completion of this work. C.J.H. is supported by a Wellbeing of Women project grant (RG2137). D.K.H. is supported by a Wellbeing of Women project grant (RG2137) and an MRC clinical research training fellowship (MR/V007238/1). The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. REGISTRATION NUMBER A protocol was prospectively registered with the PROSPERO database in August 2021 (CRD42021272818).
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Affiliation(s)
- James Wyatt
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Sean M Fernando
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Simon George Powell
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Christopher J Hill
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Ilyas Arshad
- Liverpool Women’s Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Chris Probert
- Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Shakil Ahmed
- Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Dharani K Hapangama
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Liverpool Women’s Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
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Shesh BP, Connor JR. A novel view of ferritin in cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188917. [PMID: 37209958 PMCID: PMC10330744 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Since its discovery more than 85 years ago, ferritin has principally been known as an iron storage protein. However, new roles, beyond iron storage, are being uncovered. Novel processes involving ferritin such as ferritinophagy and ferroptosis and as a cellular iron delivery protein not only expand our thinking on the range of contributions of this protein but present an opportunity to target these pathways in cancers. The key question we focus on within this review is whether ferritin modulation represents a useful approach for treating cancers. We discussed novel functions and processes of this protein in cancers. We are not limiting this review to cell intrinsic modulation of ferritin in cancers, but also focus on its utility in the trojan horse approach in cancer therapeutics. The novel functions of ferritin as discussed herein realize the multiple roles of ferritin in cell biology that can be probed for therapeutic opportunities and further research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James R Connor
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA.
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Jin X, Jiang C, Zou Z, Huang H, Li X, Xu S, Tan R. Ferritinophagy in the etiopathogenic mechanism of related diseases. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 117:109339. [PMID: 37061010 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
Iron is an essential trace element that is involved in a variety of physiological processes. Ferritinophagy is selective autophagy mediated by nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4), which regulates iron homeostasis in the body. Upon iron depletion or starvation, ferritinophagy is activated, releasing large amounts of Fe2+ and increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to ferroptosis. This plays a significant role in the etiopathogenesis of many diseases, such as metabolic diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, infectious diseases, tumors, cardiomyopathy, and ischemia-reperfusion ischemia-reperfusion injury. Here, we first review the regulation and functions of ferritinophagy and then describe its involvement in different diseases, with hopes of providing new understanding and insights into iron metabolism and iron disorder-related diseases and the therapeutic opportunity for targeting ferritinophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Jin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji, China; Department of Clinical Nutrition, Guangzhou Institute of Disease-Oriented Nutritional Research, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunjie Jiang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Guangzhou Institute of Disease-Oriented Nutritional Research, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhizhou Zou
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji, China; Department of Clinical Nutrition, Guangzhou Institute of Disease-Oriented Nutritional Research, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - He Huang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji, China; Department of Clinical Nutrition, Guangzhou Institute of Disease-Oriented Nutritional Research, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojian Li
- Department of Burn, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Songji Xu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Rongshao Tan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Guangzhou Institute of Disease-Oriented Nutritional Research, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
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9
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Chhabra R, Guergues J, Wohlfahrt J, Rockfield S, Espinoza Gonzalez P, Rego S, Park MA, Berglund AE, Stevens SM, Nanjundan M. Deregulated expression of the 14q32 miRNA cluster in clear cell renal cancer cells. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1048419. [PMID: 37139155 PMCID: PMC10150008 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1048419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCC) are characterized by arm-wide chromosomal alterations. Loss at 14q is associated with disease aggressiveness in ccRCC, which responds poorly to chemotherapeutics. The 14q locus contains one of the largest miRNA clusters in the human genome; however, little is known about the contribution of these miRNAs to ccRCC pathogenesis. In this regard, we investigated the expression pattern of selected miRNAs at the 14q32 locus in TCGA kidney tumors and in ccRCC cell lines. We demonstrated that the miRNA cluster is downregulated in ccRCC (and cell lines) as well as in papillary kidney tumors relative to normal kidney tissues (and primary renal proximal tubule epithelial (RPTEC) cells). We demonstrated that agents modulating expression of DNMT1 (e.g., 5-Aza-deoxycytidine) could modulate 14q32 miRNA expression in ccRCC cell lines. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA, a lysophospholipid mediator elevated in ccRCC) not only increased labile iron content but also modulated expression of a 14q32 miRNA. Through an overexpression approach targeting a subset of 14q32 miRNAs (specifically at subcluster A: miR-431-5p, miR-432-5p, miR-127-3p, and miR-433-3p) in 769-P cells, we uncovered changes in cellular viability and claudin-1, a tight junction marker. A global proteomic approach was implemented using these miRNA overexpressing cell lines which uncovered ATXN2 as a highly downregulated target. Collectively, these findings support a contribution of miRNAs at 14q32 in ccRCC pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravneet Chhabra
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Jennifer Guergues
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Jessica Wohlfahrt
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Stephanie Rockfield
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Pamela Espinoza Gonzalez
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Shanon Rego
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Margaret A. Park
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Anders E. Berglund
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Stanley M. Stevens
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Meera Nanjundan
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
- *Correspondence: Meera Nanjundan,
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10
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C-MYC Inhibited Ferroptosis and Promoted Immune Evasion in Ovarian Cancer Cells through NCOA4 Mediated Ferritin Autophagy. Cells 2022; 11:cells11244127. [PMID: 36552889 PMCID: PMC9776536 DOI: 10.3390/cells11244127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to construct the ferritin autophagy regulatory network and illustrate its mechanism in ferroptosis, TME immunity and malignant phenotypes of ovarian cancer. METHODS First, we used Western blot assays and immunohistochemistry to detect the pathway expression in ovarian cancer samples (C-MYC, NCOA4). Then, we performed RIP and FISH analysis to verify the targeted binding of these factors after which we constructed ovarian cancer cell models and detected pathway regulator expression (NCOA4). Co-localization and Western blot assays were used to detect ferritin autophagy in different experimental groups. We selected corresponding kits to assess ROS contents in ovarian cancer cells. MMP was measured using flow cytometry and mitochondrial morphology was observed through TEM. Then, we chose Clone, EdU and Transwell to evaluate the proliferation and invasion abilities of ovarian cancer cells. We used Western blot assays to measure the DAMP content in ovarian cancer cell supernatants. Finally, we constructed tumor bearing models to study the effect of the C-MYC pathway on ovarian cancer tumorigenesis and TME immune infiltration in in vivo conditions. RESULTS Through pathway expression detection, we confirmed that C-MYC was obviously up-regulated and NCOA4 was obviously down-regulated in ovarian cancer samples, while their expression levels were closely related to the malignancy degree of ovarian cancer. RIP, FISH and cell model detection revealed that C-MYC could down-regulate NCOA4 expression through directly targeted binding with its mRNA. Ferritin autophagy and ferroptosis detection showed that C-MYC could inhibit ferroptosis through NCOA4-mediated ferritin autophagy, thus reducing ROS and inhibiting mitophagy in ovarian cancer cells. Cell function tests showed that C-MYC could promote the proliferation and invasion of ovarian cancer cells through the NCOA4 axis. The Western blot assay revealed that C-MYC could reduce HMGB1 release in ovarian cancer cells through the NCOA4 axis. In vivo experiments showed that C-MYC could promote tumorigenesis and immune evasion in ovarian cancer cells through inhibiting HMGB1 release induced by NCOA4-mediated ferroptosis. CONCLUSION According to these results, we concluded that C-MYC could down-regulate NCOA4 expression through directly targeted binding, thus inhibiting ferroptosis and promoting malignant phenotype/immune evasion in ovarian cancer cells through inhibiting ferritin autophagy.
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Chen Y, Ma Y, Zhai Y, Yang H, Zhang C, Lu Y, Wei W, Cai Q, Ding X, Lu S, Fang Z. Persistent dysregulation of genes in the development of endometriosis. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:1175. [PMID: 36467354 PMCID: PMC9708481 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-4806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endometriosis is a chronic condition that affects women of child-bearing age. Since the etiology and pathogenesis of endometriosis have not been fully elucidated, it is important to investigate the mechanisms that lead to the deterioration of endometriosis. METHODS In this study, the transcriptome data of patients with normal, mild, and severe endometriosis were examined using the GSE51981 dataset obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Short Time Series Expression Miner (STEM) was used to screen the genes with continuous expression disorder in the development process, and the core genes were identified by constructing a protein-protein interaction network. The molecular mechanisms of endometriosis were examined using enrichment analysis. Finally, the transcription factors that regulate the core genes were predicted and the comprehensive mechanisms involved in the development of endometriosis were examined. RESULTS A total of 3,472 differentially expressed genes were identified from the normal, mild, and severe endometriosis samples. These were allocated into 12 modules and HRAS, HSP90AA1, TGFB1, TP53, and UBC were selected as the core genes. Enrichment analysis showed that the genes in modules 6, 7, and 9 were significantly related to oxygen levels, metallic processes, and hormone levels, respectively. Transcription factor prediction analysis showed that TP53 regulates HRAS to participate in immune related signaling pathways. Drug prediction analysis identified 792 drugs that interact with the targeted core genes. CONCLUSIONS This study explored the molecular mechanisms involved in the development of endometriosis and identified potential biomarkers of endometriosis. This data may provide novel targets and research directions for the diagnosis and treatment of endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, China
| | - Yanqun Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, China
| | - Yanzhi Zhai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, China
| | - Chunlan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, China
| | - Yingxin Lu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, China
| | - Qing Cai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, China
| | - Xuewen Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, China
| | - Shan Lu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, China
| | - Ziyu Fang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, China
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Liu MZ, Kong N, Zhang GY, Xu Q, Xu Y, Ke P, Liu C. The critical role of ferritinophagy in human disease. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:933732. [PMID: 36160450 PMCID: PMC9493325 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.933732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferritinophagy is a type of autophagy mediated by nuclear receptor activator 4 (NCOA4), which plays a role in inducing ferroptosis by regulating iron homeostasis and producing reactive oxygen species in cells. Under physiological conditions, ferritinophagy maintains the stability of intracellular iron by regulating the release of free iron. Studies have demonstrated that ferritinophagy is necessary to induce ferroptosis; however, under pathological conditions, excessive ferritinophagy results in the release of free iron in large quantities, which leads to lipid peroxidation and iron-dependent cell death, known as ferroptosis. Ferritinophagy has become an area of interest in recent years. We here in review the mechanism of ferritinophagy and its association with ferroptosis and various diseases to provide a reference for future clinical and scientific studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ping Ke
- *Correspondence: Ping Ke, ; Chong Liu,
| | - Chong Liu
- *Correspondence: Ping Ke, ; Chong Liu,
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13
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Santana-Codina N, del Rey MQ, Kapner KS, Zhang H, Gikandi A, Malcolm C, Poupault C, Kuljanin M, John KM, Biancur DE, Chen B, Das NK, Lowder KE, Hennessey CJ, Huang W, Yang A, Shah YM, Nowak JA, Aguirre AJ, Mancias JD. NCOA4-Mediated Ferritinophagy Is a Pancreatic Cancer Dependency via Maintenance of Iron Bioavailability for Iron-Sulfur Cluster Proteins. Cancer Discov 2022; 12:2180-2197. [PMID: 35771492 PMCID: PMC9437572 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-22-0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC) depend on autophagy for survival; however, the metabolic substrates that autophagy provides to drive PDAC progression are unclear. Ferritin, the cellular iron storage complex, is targeted for lysosomal degradation (ferritinophagy) by the selective autophagy adaptor NCOA4, resulting in release of iron for cellular utilization. Using patient-derived and murine models of PDAC, we demonstrate that ferritinophagy is upregulated in PDAC to sustain iron availability, thereby promoting tumor progression. Quantitative proteomics reveals that ferritinophagy fuels iron-sulfur cluster protein synthesis to support mitochondrial homeostasis. Targeting NCOA4 leads to tumor growth delay and prolonged survival but with the development of compensatory iron acquisition pathways. Finally, enhanced ferritinophagy accelerates PDAC tumorigenesis, and an elevated ferritinophagy expression signature predicts for poor prognosis in patients with PDAC. Together, our data reveal that the maintenance of iron homeostasis is a critical function of PDAC autophagy, and we define NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy as a therapeutic target in PDAC. SIGNIFICANCE Autophagy and iron metabolism are metabolic dependencies in PDAC. However, targeted therapies for these pathways are lacking. We identify NCOA4-mediated selective autophagy of ferritin ("ferritinophagy") as upregulated in PDAC. Ferritinophagy supports PDAC iron metabolism and thereby tumor progression and represents a new therapeutic target in PDAC. See related commentary by Jain and Amaravadi, p. 2023. See related article by Ravichandran et al., p. 2198. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 2007.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiara Santana-Codina
- Division of Radiation and Genome Stability, Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Maria Quiles del Rey
- Division of Radiation and Genome Stability, Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kevin S. Kapner
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Huan Zhang
- Division of Radiation and Genome Stability, Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ajami Gikandi
- Division of Radiation and Genome Stability, Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Callum Malcolm
- Division of Radiation and Genome Stability, Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Clara Poupault
- Division of Radiation and Genome Stability, Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Miljan Kuljanin
- Division of Radiation and Genome Stability, Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kristen M. John
- Division of Radiation and Genome Stability, Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Douglas E. Biancur
- Division of Radiation and Genome Stability, Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Brandon Chen
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Nupur K. Das
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Kristen E. Lowder
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Connor J. Hennessey
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Wesley Huang
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Annan Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yatrik M. Shah
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Jonathan A. Nowak
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andrew J. Aguirre
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Joseph D. Mancias
- Division of Radiation and Genome Stability, Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Ferritinophagy is Involved in Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage-Induced Neuronal Ferroptosis. Neurochem Res 2021; 47:692-700. [PMID: 34743269 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03477-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a novel form of regulated cell death involved in the pathophysiological process of experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), but how neuronal ferroptosis occurs remains unknown. In this study, we report that SAH-induced ferroptosis is macroautophagy/autophagy dependent because the inhibition of autophagy by knocking out autophagy-related gene 5 (ATG5) apparently mitigated SAH-induced ferroptosis. We created an experimental SAH model in Sprague-Dawley rats to determine the possible mechanism. We found that SAH can trigger neuronal ferroptosis, as evidenced by the disruption of iron homeostasis, elevation of intracellular lipid peroxidation (LPO) and decreased expression of ferroptosis-protective proteins. Then, we inhibited autophagy by ATG5 gene knockout, showing that autophagy inhibition can reduce the intracellular iron level and LPO, improve the expression of ferroptosis-protective proteins, and subsequently alleviate SAH-induced cell death. Additionally, autophagy inhibition also attenuated SAH prognostic indicators, such as brain edema, blood-brain barrier permeability, and neurological deficits. These findings not only present an opinion that SAH triggers neuronal ferroptosis via activation of ferritinophagy but also indicate that regulating ferritinophagy and maintaining iron homeostasis could provide clues for the prevention of early brain injury.
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15
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Schmeisser J, Verlhac-Trichet V, Madaro A, Lall SP, Torrissen O, Olsen RE. Molecular Mechanism Involved in Carotenoid Metabolism in Post-Smolt Atlantic Salmon: Astaxanthin Metabolism During Flesh Pigmentation and Its Antioxidant Properties. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 23:653-670. [PMID: 34417678 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-021-10055-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A better understanding of carotenoid dynamics (transport, absorption, metabolism, and deposition) is essential to develop a better strategy to improve astaxanthin (Ax) retention in muscle of Atlantic salmon. To achieve that, a comparison of post-smolt salmon with (+ Ax) or without (- Ax) dietary Ax supplementation was established based on a transcriptomic approach targeting pyloric, hepatic, and muscular tissues. Results in post-smolts showed that the pyloric caeca transcriptome is more sensitive to dietary Ax supplementation compared to the other tissues. Key genes sensitive to Ax supplementation could be identified, such as cd36 in pylorus, agr2 in liver, or fbp1 in muscle. The most modulated genes in pylorus were related to absorption but also metabolism of Ax. Additionally, genes linked to upstream regulation of the ferroptosis pathway were significantly modulated in liver, evoking the involvement of Ax as an antioxidant in this process. Finally, the muscle seemed to be less impacted by dietary Ax supplementation, except for genes related to actin remodelling and glucose homeostasis. In conclusion, the transcriptome data generated from this study showed that Ax dynamics in Atlantic salmon is characterized by a high metabolism during absorption at pyloric caeca level. In liver, a link with a potential of ferroptosis process appears likely via cellular lipid peroxidation. Our data provide insights into a better understanding of molecular mechanisms involved in dietary Ax supplementation, as well as its beneficial effects in preventing oxidative stress and related inflammation in muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome Schmeisser
- DSM Nutritional Products - Research Centre of Animal Nutrition and Health, 68305, Saint-Louis Cedex, France.
| | - Viviane Verlhac-Trichet
- DSM Nutritional Products - Research Centre of Animal Nutrition and Health, 68305, Saint-Louis Cedex, France
| | - Angelico Madaro
- Institute of Marine Research, Animal Welfare Science Group, 5984, Matredal, Norway
| | - Santosh P Lall
- Retired From National Research Council of Canada, 1411 Oxford Street, Halifax, Canada
| | - Ole Torrissen
- Institute of Marine Research, Animal Welfare Science Group, 5984, Matredal, Norway
| | - Rolf Erik Olsen
- Institute of Marine Research, Animal Welfare Science Group, 5984, Matredal, Norway
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
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Santana-Codina N, Gikandi A, Mancias JD. The Role of NCOA4-Mediated Ferritinophagy in Ferroptosis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1301:41-57. [PMID: 34370287 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-62026-4_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4) is a selective cargo receptor that mediates the autophagic degradation of ferritin, the cytosolic iron storage complex, in a process known as ferritinophagy. NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy is required to maintain intracellular and systemic iron homeostasis and thereby iron-dependent physiologic processes such as erythropoiesis. Given this role of ferritinophagy in regulating iron homeostasis, modulating NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagic flux alters sensitivity to ferroptosis, a non-apoptotic iron-dependent form of cell death triggered by peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). A role for ferroptosis has been established in the pathophysiology of cancer and neurodegeneration; however, the importance of ferritinophagy in these pathologies remains largely unknown. Here, we review the available evidence on biochemical regulation of NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy and its role in modulating sensitivity to innate and induced ferroptosis in neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Finally, we evaluate the potential of modulating ferritinophagy in combination with ferroptosis inducers as a therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiara Santana-Codina
- Division of Radiation and Genome Stability, Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ajami Gikandi
- Division of Radiation and Genome Stability, Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joseph D Mancias
- Division of Radiation and Genome Stability, Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
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Hsu MY, Mina E, Roetto A, Porporato PE. Iron: An Essential Element of Cancer Metabolism. Cells 2020; 9:cells9122591. [PMID: 33287315 PMCID: PMC7761773 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells undergo considerable metabolic changes to foster uncontrolled proliferation in a hostile environment characterized by nutrient deprivation, poor vascularization and immune infiltration. While metabolic reprogramming has been recognized as a hallmark of cancer, the role of micronutrients in shaping these adaptations remains scarcely investigated. In particular, the broad electron-transferring abilities of iron make it a versatile cofactor that is involved in a myriad of biochemical reactions vital to cellular homeostasis, including cell respiration and DNA replication. In cancer patients, systemic iron metabolism is commonly altered. Moreover, cancer cells deploy diverse mechanisms to increase iron bioavailability to fuel tumor growth. Although iron itself can readily participate in redox reactions enabling vital processes, its reactivity also gives rise to reactive oxygen species (ROS). Hence, cancer cells further rely on antioxidant mechanisms to withstand such stress. The present review provides an overview of the common alterations of iron metabolism occurring in cancer and the mechanisms through which iron promotes tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Y. Hsu
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy; (M.Y.H.); (E.M.)
| | - Erica Mina
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy; (M.Y.H.); (E.M.)
| | - Antonella Roetto
- Department of Clinical and Biological Science, University of Turin, AOU San Luigi Gonzaga, 10043 Orbassano, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.R.); (P.E.P.)
| | - Paolo E. Porporato
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy; (M.Y.H.); (E.M.)
- Correspondence: (A.R.); (P.E.P.)
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NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy promotes ferroptosis induced by erastin, but not by RSL3 in HeLa cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1868:118913. [PMID: 33245979 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a regulated cell death characterized by a lethal accumulation of lipid peroxides due to an increase of intracellular iron and a decrease of antioxidant capacity. The reduction of antioxidant activity is obtained by using chemical agents, such as erastin and RSL3, the first one inhibiting the transmembrane cystine-glutamate antiporter causing a cysteine and glutathione depletion and the second one inactivating directly the glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) respectively. The role of iron and its related proteins in supporting the formation of lipid peroxides, is not completely understood hence to try to shed light on it we generated HeLa clones with altered ferritinophagy, the ferritin degradation process, by knocking-out or overexpressing Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 4 (NCOA4), the ferritin autophagic cargo-receptor. NCOA4 deficiency abolished ferritinophagy increasing ferritin level and making the cells more resistant to erastin, but unexpectedly more sensitive to RSL3. Interestingly, we found that erastin promoted ferritinophagy in HeLa cells expressing NCOA4, increasing the free iron, lipid peroxidation and the sensitivity to ferroptosis. In contrast, RSL3 did not modulate ferritinophagy, while NCOA4 overexpression delayed RSL3-induced cell death suggesting that RSL3 mechanism of action is independent of ferritin degradation process. Therefore, the ferritin-iron release in the execution of ferroptosis seems to depend on the inducing compound, its target and downstream pathway of cell death activation.
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Chhabra R, Nanjundan M. Lysophosphatidic acid reverses Temsirolimus-induced changes in lipid droplets and mitochondrial networks in renal cancer cells. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233887. [PMID: 32492043 PMCID: PMC7269261 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased cytoplasmic lipid droplets (LDs) and elevated AKT/mTOR signaling are characteristics of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a potent lipid mitogen generated via autotaxin (elevated in ccRCC), can modulate tumor progression but its role in altering chemotherapeutic sensitivity to mTOR inhibitors is unclear and thus is the focus of the studies presented herein. Using malignant (A-498, 769-P and 786-O) and normal immortalized kidney (HK-2) cell lines, we investigated their cellular responsiveness to Temsirolimus (TEMS, mTOR inhibitor) in the absence or presence of LPA by monitoring alterations in AKT/mTOR pathway mediators (via western blotting), LDs (using LipidTOX and real-time PCR to assess transcript changes in modulators of LD biogenesis/turnover), mitochondrial networks (via immunofluorescence staining for TOM20 and TOM70), as well as cellular viability. We identified that TEMS reduced cellular viability in all renal cell lines, with increased sensitivity in the presence of an autophagy inhibitor. TEMS also altered activation of AKT/mTOR pathway mediators, abundance of LDs, and fragmentation of mitochondrial networks. We observed that these effects were antagonized by LPA. In HK-2 cells, LPA markedly increased LD size and abundance, coinciding with phospho-MAPK and phospho-S6 activation, increased diacylglycerol O-acetyltransferase 2 (DGAT2) mRNA (which produces triacylglycerides), and survival. Inhibiting MAPK partially antagonized LPA-induced LD changes. Collectively, we have identified that LPA can reverse the effects of TEMS by increasing LDs in a MAPK-dependent manner; these results suggest that LPA may contribute to the pathogenesis and chemotherapeutic resistance of ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravneet Chhabra
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Meera Nanjundan
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Chronic iron exposure and c-Myc/H-ras-mediated transformation in fallopian tube cells alter the expression of EVI1, amplified at 3q26.2 in ovarian cancer. Oncogenesis 2019; 8:46. [PMID: 31434871 PMCID: PMC6704182 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-019-0154-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of high-grade serous epithelial ovarian cancers (HGSOC) are not yet well defined although key precursor cells have been identified (including fimbriated fallopian tube epithelium, FTSECs). Since iron is elevated in endometriotic cysts and the pelvic cavity, it is suggested that this source of redox-active iron may contribute to ovarian cancer pathogenesis. Specifically, sources of nontransferrin-bound iron (NTBI) within the pelvic cavity could arise from ovulation, retrograde menstruation, follicular fluid, or iron overload conditions (i.e., hemochromatosis). Herein, we investigated the cellular response of p53-inactivated and telomerase-expressing (immortalized) FTSECs (Pax8+/FoxJ1−) to NTBI (presented as ferric ammonium citrate (FAC), supplemented in media for >2 months) in order to assess its ability to promote the transition to a tumor-like phenotype; this cellular response was compared with immortalized FTSECs transformed with H-RasV12A and c-MycT58A. Both approaches resulted in increased cell numbers and expression of the oncogenic transcriptional regulator, ecotropic virus integration site 1 (EVI1, a gene most frequently amplified at 3q26.2 in HGSOC, represented by multiple variants), along with other oncogenic gene products. In contrast to the transformed cells, FAC-exposed FTSECs elicited elevated migratory capacity (and epithelial–mesenchymal transition mRNA profile) along with increased expression of DNA damage response proteins (i.e., FANCD2) and hTERT mRNA relative to controls. Interestingly, in FAC-exposed FTSECs, EVI1 siRNA attenuated hTERT mRNA expression, whereas siRNAs targeting β-catenin and BMI1 (both elevated with chronic iron exposure) reduced Myc and Cyclin D1 proteins. Collectively, our novel findings provide strong foundational evidence for potential iron-induced initiation events, including EVI1 alterations, in the pathogenesis of HGSOC, warranting further in depth investigations. Thus, these findings will substantially advance our understanding of the contribution of iron enriched within the pelvic cavity, which may identify patients at risk of developing this deadly disease.
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Yin AA, He YL, Etcheverry A, Liu YH, Aubry M, Barnholtz-Sloan J, Liu BL, Mosser J, Lu ZF, Zhang X. Novel predictive epigenetic signature for temozolomide in non-G-CIMP glioblastomas. Clin Epigenetics 2019; 11:76. [PMID: 31088577 PMCID: PMC6515684 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-019-0670-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To identify novel epigenetic signatures that could provide predictive information that is complementary to promoter methylation status of the O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) gene for predicting temozolomide (TMZ) response, among glioblastomas (GBMs) without glioma-CpGs island methylator phenotype (G-CIMP) Methods Different cohorts of primary non-G-CIMP GBMs with genome-wide DNA methylation microarray data were included for discovery and validation of a multimarker signature, combined using a RISK score model. Different statistical analyses and functional experiments were performed for clinical and biological validation. Results By employing discovery cohorts with radiotherapy (RT) and TMZ versus RT alone and a strict multistep selection strategy, we identified seven CpGs, each of which was significantly correlated with overall survival (OS) of non-G-CIMP GBMs with RT/TMZ, independent of age, MGMT promoter methylation status, and other identified CpGs. A RISK score signature of the 7 CpGs was developed and validated to distinguish non-G-CIMP GBMs with differential survival outcomes to RT/TMZ, but not to RT alone. The interaction analyses also showed differential outcomes to RT/TMZ versus RT alone within the RISK score-based subgroups. The signature could also improve the risk classification by age and MGMT promoter methylation status. Functional experiments showed that HSBP2 appeared to be epigenetically regulated by one identified CpG and was associated with TMZ resistance, but it was not associated with cell proliferation or apoptosis in GBM cell lines. The predictive value of the single CpG methylation of HSBP2 by pyrosequencing was observed in a local cohort of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) R132H wild-type GBMs. Conclusions This novel epigenetic signature might be a promising predictive (but not a general prognostic) biomarker and be helpful for refining the MGMT-based guiding approach to TMZ usage in non-G-CIMP GBMs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13148-019-0670-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-An Yin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Institute of Clinical Neuroscience, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, West Road, No. 169 Xi'an, Changle, 710032, Shaanxi Province, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pharmacogenomics, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, the 960th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, Taian, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ya-Long He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Institute of Clinical Neuroscience, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, West Road, No. 169 Xi'an, Changle, 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Amandine Etcheverry
- CNRS, UMR 6290, Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGdR), 35043, Rennes, France.,UEB, UMS 3480 Biosit, Faculté de Médecine, Université Rennes 1, 35043, Rennes, France.,CHU Rennes, Service de Génétique Moléculaire et Génomique, 35033, Rennes, France
| | - Yu-He Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the 960th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, Taian, Shandong Province, China
| | - Marc Aubry
- CNRS, UMR 6290, Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGdR), 35043, Rennes, France.,CHU Rennes, Service de Génétique Moléculaire et Génomique, 35033, Rennes, France
| | - Jill Barnholtz-Sloan
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Bo-Lin Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jean Mosser
- CNRS, UMR 6290, Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGdR), 35043, Rennes, France.,UEB, UMS 3480 Biosit, Faculté de Médecine, Université Rennes 1, 35043, Rennes, France.,CHU Rennes, Service de Génétique Moléculaire et Génomique, 35033, Rennes, France.,Plate-forme Génomique Santé Biosit, Université Rennes 1, 35043, Rennes, France
| | - Zi-Fan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pharmacogenomics, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Institute of Clinical Neuroscience, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, West Road, No. 169 Xi'an, Changle, 710032, Shaanxi Province, China.
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22
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Sapalidis K, Machairiotis N, Zarogoulidis P, Vasilakaki S, Sardeli C, Koimtzis G, Pavlidis E, Katsaounis A, Giannakidis D, Michalopoulos N, Mantalobas S, Alexandrou V, Koulouris C, Amaniti A, Kesisoglou I. Genes' Interactions: A Major Contributor to the Malignant Transformation of Endometriosis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20081842. [PMID: 31013963 PMCID: PMC6515388 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The genetic and epigenetic factors that contribute to the malignant transformation of endometriosis are still under investigation. The objective of the present study was to investigate the genetic link between endometriosis and cancer by examining and correlating the latest clinical observations with biological experimental data. We collected updated evidence about the genetic relationship between endometriosis and cancers by conducting a comprehensive search of PubMed and Scopus databases, focusing on the papers published between January 2018 and January 2019. New insights into the mechanism of the malignant transformation of endometriosis have been published recently. The use of state-of-the-art techniques and methods, such as the genome-wide association study analysis and the weighted gene co-expression analysis, have significantly altered our understanding of the association between endometriosis and endometriosis-associated cancer development. Interestingly, the interactions formed between genes seem to play a pivotal role in the phenotypic expression of mutations. Therefore, the effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms and the function of the expression quantitative trait loci on genes’ expression have been the subject of many recent works. In addition, it has been discovered that genes, the mutations of which have been related to the development of endometriosis, play a role as hub genes. This may lead to new areas of research for understanding the mechanism of malignant transformation of the disease. Significant steps forward have been made towards the identification of factors that control the malignant transformation of endometriosis. Still, due to rarity of the event, a better-organized scheme for sampling on a global level should be adopted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Sapalidis
- Department of Obstetrics-Gynaecology, Royal Oldham Hospital, Pennine Accute Trust, Oldham OL12JH, UK.
- 3rd Department of Surgery, "AHEPA" University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 55236 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Nikolaos Machairiotis
- Department of Obstetrics-Gynaecology, Royal Oldham Hospital, Pennine Accute Trust, Oldham OL12JH, UK.
| | - Paul Zarogoulidis
- 3rd Department of Surgery, "AHEPA" University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 55236 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Sofia Vasilakaki
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15771 Athens, Greece.
| | - Chrysanthi Sardeli
- Department of Pharmacology & Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 52236 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - George Koimtzis
- 3rd Department of Surgery, "AHEPA" University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 55236 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Efstathios Pavlidis
- 3rd Department of Surgery, "AHEPA" University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 55236 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Athanasios Katsaounis
- 3rd Department of Surgery, "AHEPA" University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 55236 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Dimitrios Giannakidis
- 3rd Department of Surgery, "AHEPA" University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 55236 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Nikolaos Michalopoulos
- 3rd Department of Surgery, "AHEPA" University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 55236 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Stylianos Mantalobas
- 3rd Department of Surgery, "AHEPA" University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 55236 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Vyron Alexandrou
- 3rd Department of Surgery, "AHEPA" University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 55236 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Charilaos Koulouris
- 3rd Department of Surgery, "AHEPA" University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 55236 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Aikaterini Amaniti
- Anesthesiology Department, "AHEPA" University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 52236 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Isaak Kesisoglou
- 3rd Department of Surgery, "AHEPA" University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 55236 Thessaloniki, Greece.
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23
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Santana-Codina N, Mancias JD. The Role of NCOA4-Mediated Ferritinophagy in Health and Disease. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2018; 11:E114. [PMID: 30360520 PMCID: PMC6316710 DOI: 10.3390/ph11040114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4) is a selective cargo receptor that mediates the autophagic degradation of ferritin ("ferritinophagy"), the cytosolic iron storage complex. NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy maintains intracellular iron homeostasis by facilitating ferritin iron storage or release according to demand. Ferritinophagy is involved in iron-dependent physiological processes such as erythropoiesis, where NCOA4 mediates ferritin iron release for mitochondrial heme synthesis. Recently, ferritinophagy has been shown to regulate ferroptosis, a newly described form of iron-dependent cell death mediated by excess lipid peroxidation. Dysregulation of iron metabolism and ferroptosis have been described in neurodegeneration, cancer, and infection, but little is known about the role of ferritinophagy in the pathogenesis of these diseases. Here, we will review the biochemical regulation of NCOA4, its contribution to physiological processes and its role in disease. Finally, we will discuss the potential of activating or inhibiting ferritinophagy and ferroptosis for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiara Santana-Codina
- Division of Genomic Stability and DNA Repair, Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Institute of Medicine, Room 221, 4 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Joseph D Mancias
- Division of Genomic Stability and DNA Repair, Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Institute of Medicine, Room 221, 4 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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