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Huo Q, Li K, Sun X, Zhuang A, Minami K, Tamari K, Ogawa K, Fishel ML, Li BY, Yokota H. The inhibition of pancreatic cancer progression by K-Ras-overexpressing mesenchymal stem cell-derived secretomes. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15036. [PMID: 37699930 PMCID: PMC10497626 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41835-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive cancer with poor survival. To explore an uncharted function of K-Ras proto-oncogene, K-Ras was activated in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and the effects of MSC conditioned medium (CM) on PDAC were examined. Overexpression of K-Ras elevated PI3K signaling in MSCs, and K-Ras/PI3K-activated MSC-derived CM reduced the proliferation and migration of tumor cells, as well as the growth of ex vivo freshly isolated human PDAC cultures. CM's anti-tumor capability was additive with Gemcitabine, a commonly used chemotherapeutic drug in the treatment of PDAC. The systemic administration of CM in a mouse model suppressed the colonization of PDAC in the lung. MSC CM was enriched with Moesin (MSN), which acted as an extracellular tumor-suppressing protein by interacting with CD44. Tumor-suppressive CM was also generated by PKA-activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Collectively, this study demonstrated that MSC CM can be engineered to act as a tumor-suppressive agent by activating K-Ras and PI3K, and the MSN-CD44 regulatory axis is in part responsible for this potential unconventional option in the treatment of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingji Huo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Kexin Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Xun Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Adam Zhuang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Kazumasa Minami
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Keisuke Tamari
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Ogawa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Melissa L Fishel
- Department of Pediatrics, Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Indiana University Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Bai-Yan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.
| | - Hiroki Yokota
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Indiana University Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
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Kim HJ, Seo BG, Seo EC, Lee KM, Hwangbo C. Checkpoint Kinase 1 (CHK1) Functions as Both a Diagnostic Marker and a Regulator of Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:5848-5865. [PMID: 36547059 PMCID: PMC9777496 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44120398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is more difficult to treat and has a higher mortality rate than other subtypes. Although hormone receptor-targeted therapy is an effective treatment to increase survival rate in breast cancer patients, it is not suitable for TNBC patients. To address the issues, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in TNBC patients from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were analyzed. A total of 170 genes were obtained from three Genomic Spatial Events (GSEs) using the intersection of each GSE dataset and 61 DEGs were identified after validation with the gene enrichment analysis. We combined this with the degree scores from the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, of which 7 genes were correlated with survival rate. Finally, a proteomics database revealed that only the CHK1 protein level was differently expressed in basal-like compared with other subtypes. We demonstrated that CHK1 expression was higher in TNBC cell lines compared with non-TNBC cell lines, and CHK1 promotes epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) as well as migration and invasion ability. Our study provides new insight into the TNBC subnetwork that may be useful in the prognosis and treatment of TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Jin Kim
- Division of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), PMBBRC and Research Institute of Life Sciences, Geongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (H.-J.K.); (C.H.)
| | - Bo-Gyeong Seo
- Division of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), PMBBRC and Research Institute of Life Sciences, Geongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Chan Seo
- Division of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), PMBBRC and Research Institute of Life Sciences, Geongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Min Lee
- Division of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), PMBBRC and Research Institute of Life Sciences, Geongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Hwangbo
- Division of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), PMBBRC and Research Institute of Life Sciences, Geongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (H.-J.K.); (C.H.)
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Sun X, Li K, Aryal UK, Li BY, Yokota H. PI3K-activated MSC proteomes inhibit mammary tumors via Hsp90ab1 and Myh9. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2022; 26:360-371. [PMID: 36090473 PMCID: PMC9420348 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2022.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the advance in medications in the past decade, aggressive breast cancer such as triple-negative breast cancer is difficult to treat. Here, we examined a counter-intuitive approach to converting human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into induced tumor-suppressing cells by administering YS49, a PI3K/Akt activator. Notably, PI3K-activated MSCs generated tumor-suppressive proteomes, while PI3K-inactivated MSCs tumor-promotive proteomes. In a mouse model, the daily administration of YS49-treated MSC-derived CM decreased the progression of primary mammary tumors as well as the colonization of tumor cells in the lung. In the ex vivo assay, the size of freshly isolated human breast cancer tissues, including estrogen receptor positive and negative as well as human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positive and negative, was decreased by YS49-treated MSC-derived CM. Hsp90ab1 was enriched in CM as an atypical tumor-suppressing protein and immunoprecipitated a non-muscle myosin, Myh9. Extracellular Hsp90ab1 and Myh9 exerted the anti-tumor action and inhibited the maturation of bone-resorbing osteoclasts. Collectively, this study demonstrated that the activation of PI3K generated tumor-suppressive proteomes in MSCs and supported the possibility of using patient-derived MSCs for the treatment of breast cancer and bone metastasis.
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Sun X, Li KX, Figueiredo ML, Lin CC, Li BY, Yokota H. Generation of the Chondroprotective Proteomes by Activating PI3K and TNFα Signaling. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14133039. [PMID: 35804814 PMCID: PMC9264838 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14133039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Chondrosarcoma and inflammatory arthritis are two joint-damaging diseases. Here, we examined whether a counterintuitive approach of activating tumorigenic and inflammatory signaling may generate joint-protective proteomes in mesenchymal stem cells and chondrocytes for the treatment of chondrosarcoma and inflammatory arthritis. While activating PI3K signaling and the administration of TNFα to chondrosarcoma cells and chondrocytes promoted tumor progression and inflammatory responses, those cells paradoxically generated a chondroprotective conditioned medium. Notably, the chondroprotective conditioned medium was enriched with Hsp90ab1 that interacted with GAPDH. Extracellular GAPDH interacted with L1CAM, an oncogenic transmembrane protein, and inhibited tumorigenic behaviors, whereas intracellular GAPDH downregulated p38 in chondrocytes and exerted anti-inflammatory effects. The result supports the unconventional approach of generating chondroprotective proteomes. Abstract Purpose: To develop a novel treatment option for Chondrosarcoma (CS) and inflammatory arthritis, we evaluated a counterintuitive approach of activating tumorigenic and inflammatory signaling for generating joint-protective proteomes. Methods: We employed mesenchymal stem cells and chondrocytes to generate chondroprotective proteomes by activating PI3K signaling and the administration of TNFα. The efficacy of the proteomes was examined using human and mouse cell lines as well as a mouse model of CS. The regulatory mechanism was analyzed using mass spectrometry-based whole-genome proteomics. Results: While tumor progression and inflammatory responses were promoted by activating PI3K signaling and the administration of TNFα to CS cells and chondrocytes, those cells paradoxically generated a chondroprotective conditioned medium (CM). The application of CM downregulated tumorigenic genes in CS cells and TNFα and MMP13 in chondrocytes. Mechanistically, Hsp90ab1 was enriched in the chondroprotective CM, and it immunoprecipitated GAPDH. Extracellular GAPDH interacted with L1CAM and inhibited tumorigenic behaviors, whereas intracellular GAPDH downregulated p38 and exerted anti-inflammatory effects. Conclusions: We demonstrated that the unconventional approach of activating oncogenic and inflammatory signaling can generate chondroprotective proteomes. The role of Hsp90ab1 and GAPDH differed in their locations and they acted as the uncommon protectors of the joint tissue from tumor and inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (X.S.); (K.-X.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
| | - Ke-Xin Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (X.S.); (K.-X.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
| | - Marxa L. Figueiredo
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences and Interdisciplinary Biomedical Sciences Program, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;
| | - Chien-Chi Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Bai-Yan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (X.S.); (K.-X.L.)
- Correspondence: (B.-Y.L.); (H.Y.); Tel.: +86-451-8667-1354 (B.-Y.L.); +1-317-278-5177 (H.Y.); Fax: +86-451-8667-1354 (B.-Y.L.); +1-317-278-2455 (H.Y.)
| | - Hiroki Yokota
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Correspondence: (B.-Y.L.); (H.Y.); Tel.: +86-451-8667-1354 (B.-Y.L.); +1-317-278-5177 (H.Y.); Fax: +86-451-8667-1354 (B.-Y.L.); +1-317-278-2455 (H.Y.)
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Ju W, Zhang G, Zhang X, Wang J, Wu T, Li H. Involvement of MiRNA-211-5p and Arhgap11a Interaction During Osteogenic Differentiation of MC3T3-E1 Cells. Front Surg 2022; 9:857170. [PMID: 35495761 PMCID: PMC9051074 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.857170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are well-recognized for their abilities to regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally in plants and animals. Recently, miRNA-messenger RNA (mRNA) regulatory relationships have been confirmed during biological processes, including osteogenic differentiation. This study aimed to find out more candidate miRNA-mRNA pairs involved in the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. Methods An MC3T3-E1-based microarray dataset (accessioned as GSE46400) downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus included MC3T3-E1 cells with or without 14-day osteoblast differentiation osteoblast induction. Multiple miRNA-mRNA prediction databases were searched by differentially expressed genes (DEGs) to obtain pairs of a miRNA-DEG regulatory network. The MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured and incubated in the osteogenic differentiation medium for 14 days. The expressions of candidate miRNAs and mRNAs were determined by real-time quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR) in MC3T3-E1 cells. The miRNA-mRNA interactions were verified by dual-luciferase reporter gene assays and experiments using mimics miRNA or their inhibitors. Results We identified 715 upregulated DEGs and 603 downregulated DEGs between MC3T3-E1 cells with and without osteoblast induction by analyzing the raw data of the GSE46400 dataset. There were 7 overlapped miRNA-mRNA pairs identified during osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells, including mmu-miR-204-5p-Arhgap11a, mmu-miR-211-5p-Arhgap11a, mmu-miR-24-3p-H2afx, mmu-miR-3470b-Chek2, mmu-miR-3470b-Dlgap5, mmu-miR-466b-3p-Chek1, and mmu-miR-466c-3p-Chek1. The Arhgap11a, H2afx, Chek2, Dlgap5, and Chek1 were hub genes downregulated in MC3T3-E1 cells after osteogenic differentiation, verified by RT-qPCR results. The RT-qPCR also determined declined expressions of miR-204-5p and miR-24-3p concomitant with elevated expressions of miR-211-5p, miR-3470b, miR-466b-3p, and miR-466c-3p in the MC3T3-E1 cells, with osteoblast induction compared with undifferentiated MC3T3-E1 cells. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assays demonstrated Arhgap11a as the target of miR-211-5p. MiR-211-5p upregulation by its mimic increased Arhgap11a expression in MC3T3-E1 cells. Conclusion Our study characterizes miR-211-5p targeting Arhgap11a promotes the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells, which provides novel targets to promote the osteogenesis process during bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Ju
- Department of Endocrinology (I), The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Guangfeng Zhang
- Departments of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongshan City People's Hospital, Zhongshan, China
| | - Jingting Wang
- Department of Endocrinology (I), The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Tong Wu
- Mental & Health College, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Huafeng Li
- Department of Endocrinology (I), The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
- *Correspondence: Huafeng Li
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Sun X, Li K, Hase M, Zha R, Feng Y, Li BY, Yokota H. Suppression of breast cancer-associated bone loss with osteoblast proteomes via Hsp90ab1/moesin-mediated inhibition of TGFβ/FN1/CD44 signaling. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:929-943. [PMID: 34976221 PMCID: PMC8692912 DOI: 10.7150/thno.66148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Bone is a frequent site of metastases from breast cancer, but existing therapeutic options are not satisfactory. Although osteoblasts have active roles in cancer progression by assisting the vicious bone-destructive cycle, we employed a counterintuitive approach of activating pro-tumorigenic Wnt signaling and examined the paradoxical possibility of developing osteoblast-derived tumor-suppressive, bone-protective secretomes. Methods: Wnt signaling was activated by the overexpression of Lrp5 and β-catenin in osteoblasts as well as a pharmacological agent (BML284), and the therapeutic effects of their conditioned medium (CM) were evaluated using in vitro cell cultures, ex vivo breast cancer tissues, and a mouse model of osteolysis. To explore the unconventional regulatory mechanism of the action of Wnt-activated osteoblasts, whole-genome proteomics analysis was conducted, followed by immunoprecipitation and gain- and loss-of-function assays. Results: While osteoblasts did not present any innate tumor-suppressing ability, we observed that the overexpression of Lrp5 and β-catenin in Wnt signaling made their CM tumor-suppressive and bone-protective. The growth of breast cancer cells and tissues was inhibited by Lrp5-overexpressing CM (Lrp5 CM), which suppressed mammary tumors and tumor-driven bone destruction in a mouse model. Lrp5 CM also inhibited the differentiation and maturation of bone-resorbing osteoclasts by downregulating NFATc1 and cathepsin K. The overexpression of Lrp5 upregulated osteopontin that enriched Hsp90ab1 (Hsp90 beta) and moesin (MSN) in Lrp5 CM. Hsp90ab1 and MSN are atypical tumor-suppressing proteins since they are multi-tasking, moonlighting proteins that promote tumorigenesis in tumor cells. Importantly, Hsp90ab1 immuno-precipitated latent TGFβ and inactivated TGFβ, whereas MSN interacted with CD44, a cancer stem-cell marker, as well as fibronectin 1, an ECM protein. Furthermore, Hsp90ab1 and MSN downregulated KDM3A that demethylated histones, together with PDL1 that inhibited immune responses. Conclusion: In contrast to inducing tumor-enhancing secretomes and chemoresistance in general by inhibiting varying oncogenic pathways in chemotherapy, this study presented the unexpected outcome of generation tumor-suppressive secretomes by activating the pro-tumorigenic Wnt pathway. The results shed light on the contrasting role of oncogenic signaling in tumor cells and osteoblast-derived secretomes, suggesting a counterintuitive option for the treatment of breast cancer-associated bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Kexin Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Misato Hase
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA,Graduate School of Engineering, Mie University, Mie 514, Japan
| | - Rongrong Zha
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Yan Feng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Bai-Yan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China,✉ Corresponding authors: Bai-Yan Li and Hiroki Yokota
| | - Hiroki Yokota
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA,Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA,Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA,✉ Corresponding authors: Bai-Yan Li and Hiroki Yokota
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Conversion of Osteoclasts into Bone-Protective, Tumor-Suppressing Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13225593. [PMID: 34830748 PMCID: PMC8615769 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13225593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Osteoclasts are bone-resorbing cells and, together with bone-forming osteoblasts, they are responsible for maintaining healthy bones. When cancer cells invade into the bone, however, osteoclasts assist in cancer progression and stimulate bone loss. In this study, we converted the bone-destructive action of osteoclasts by activating their Wnt signaling and generated an osteoclast-derived, bone-protective, tumor-suppressive conditioned medium. The conditioned medium was able to suppress tumor growth and bone loss in a mouse model of mammary tumors and bone metastasis. The described approach is expected to add a novel strategy to treat primary breast cancer as well as bone metastasis. Abstract Osteoclasts are a driver of a vicious bone-destructive cycle with breast cancer cells. Here, we examined whether this vicious cycle can be altered into a beneficial one by activating Wnt signaling with its activating agent, BML284. The conditioned medium, derived from Wnt-activated RAW264.7 pre-osteoclast cells (BM CM), reduced the proliferation, migration, and invasion of EO771 mammary tumor cells. The same inhibitory effect was obtained with BML284-treated primary human macrophages. In a mouse model, BM CM reduced the progression of mammary tumors and tumor-induced osteolysis and suppressed the tumor invasion to the lung. It also inhibited the differentiation of RANKL-stimulated osteoclasts and enhanced osteoblast differentiation. BM CM was enriched with atypical tumor-suppressing proteins such as Hsp90ab1 and enolase 1 (Eno1). Immunoprecipitation revealed that extracellular Hsp90ab1 interacted with latent TGFβ (LAP-TGFβ) as an inhibitor of TGFβ activation, while Hsp90ab1 and Eno1 interacted and suppressed tumor progression via CD44, a cell-adhesion receptor and a cancer stem cell marker. This study demonstrated that osteoclast-derived CM can be converted into a bone-protective, tumor-suppressing agent by activating Wnt signaling. The results shed a novel insight on the unexplored function of osteoclasts as a potential bone protector that may develop an unconventional strategy to combat bone metastasis.
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Adachi T, Zhao W, Minami K, Yokoyama Y, Okuzaki D, Kondo R, Takahashi Y, Tamari K, Seo Y, Isohashi F, Yamamoto H, Koizumi M, Ogawa K. Chk1 suppression leads to a reduction in the enhanced radiation-induced invasive capability on breast cancer cells. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2021; 62:764-772. [PMID: 34124754 PMCID: PMC8438270 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrab049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Radiation therapy is generally effective for treating breast cancers. However, approximately 30% of patients with breast cancer experience occasional post-treatment local and distant metastasis. Low-dose (0.5 Gy) irradiation is a risk factor that promotes the invasiveness of breast cancers. Although an inhibitor of checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) suppresses the growth and motility of breast cancer cell lines, no study has investigated the effects of the combined use of a Chk1 inhibitor and radiation on cancer metastasis. Here, we addressed this question by treating the human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 (in vitro) and mouse mammary tumor cell line 4 T1 (in vitro and in vivo) with γ-irradiation and the Chk1 inhibitor PD407824. Low-dose γ-irradiation promoted invasiveness, which was suppressed by PD407824. Comprehensive gene expression analysis revealed that low-dose γ-irradiation upregulated the mRNA and protein levels of S100A4, the both of which were downregulated by PD407824. We conclude that PD407824 suppresses the expression of S100A4. As the result, γ-irradiation-induced cell invasiveness were inhibited.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Carbazoles/pharmacology
- Carbazoles/therapeutic use
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Checkpoint Kinase 1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Checkpoint Kinase 1/physiology
- Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation
- Female
- Gamma Rays/adverse effects
- Humans
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Neoplasm Invasiveness/prevention & control
- Neoplasm Metastasis/prevention & control
- Neoplasm Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Neoplasm Proteins/biosynthesis
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/physiology
- RNA Interference
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Neoplasm/biosynthesis
- RNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- S100 Calcium-Binding Protein A4/biosynthesis
- S100 Calcium-Binding Protein A4/genetics
- Wound Healing/drug effects
- Wound Healing/radiation effects
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kazumasa Minami
- Corresponding author. Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan. Tel: +81-6-6879-3482; Fax: +81-6-6879-3489; E-mail:
| | - Yuhki Yokoyama
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-7 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Daisuke Okuzaki
- Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Rika Kondo
- Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-7 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yutaka Takahashi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Keisuke Tamari
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuji Seo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Isohashi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Yamamoto
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-7 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masahiko Koizumi
- Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-7 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Ogawa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Sun X, Li K, Zha R, Liu S, Fan Y, Wu D, Hase M, Aryal UK, Lin CC, Li BY, Yokota H. Preventing tumor progression to the bone by induced tumor-suppressing MSCs. Theranostics 2021; 11:5143-5159. [PMID: 33859739 PMCID: PMC8039940 DOI: 10.7150/thno.58779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Advanced breast cancer metastasizes to many organs including bone, but few effective treatments are available. Here we report that induced tumor-suppressing (iTS) MSCs protected bone from metastases while un-induced MSCs did not. Methods: iTS MSCs were generated by overexpressing Lrp5, β-catenin, Snail, or Akt. Their tumor-suppressing capability was tested using a mouse model of mammary tumors and bone metastasis, human breast cancer tissues and cancer cell lines. Results: In a mouse model, the induced MSC-derived conditioned medium (MSC CM) reduced mammary tumors and suppressed tumor-induced osteolysis. Tumor-promoting genes such as CXCL2 and LIF, as well as PDL1, a blocker of T-cell-based immune responses were downregulated. Proteomics analysis revealed that heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90ab1), calreticulin (Calr) and peptidylprolyl isomerase B (Ppib), which are highly expressed intracellular proteins in many cancers, were enriched in MSC CM as atypical tumor suppressors. Thus, overexpressing selected genes that were otherwise tumorigenic rendered MSCs the tumor-suppressing capability through the atypical suppressors, as well as p53 and Trail. Notably, the inhibitory effect of Lrp5- and Akt-overexpressing MSC CMs, Hsp90ab1 and Calr presented selective inhibition to tumor cells than non-tumor cells. The development of bone-resorbing osteoclasts was also suppressed by MSC CMs. Conclusion: Collectively, the results showed an anti-tumor effect of iTS MSCs and suggested novel therapeutic approaches to suppress the progression of tumors into the bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Kexin Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Rongrong Zha
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Shengzhi Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Yao Fan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Misato Hase
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Graduate School of Engineering, Mie University, Mie 514, Japan
| | - Uma K. Aryal
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Chien-Chi Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Bai-Yan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
- ✉ Corresponding authors: Hiroki Yokota, PhD, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana U. Purdue U. Indianapolis, 723 West Michigan Street, SL220, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. Phone: 317-278-5177, Fax: 317-278-2455, E-mail: ; Bai-Yan Li, MD/PhD, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, #157 Baojian Road, Harbin 150081, China. Phone/Fax: +86 451-8667-134, E-mail:
| | - Hiroki Yokota
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- ✉ Corresponding authors: Hiroki Yokota, PhD, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana U. Purdue U. Indianapolis, 723 West Michigan Street, SL220, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. Phone: 317-278-5177, Fax: 317-278-2455, E-mail: ; Bai-Yan Li, MD/PhD, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, #157 Baojian Road, Harbin 150081, China. Phone/Fax: +86 451-8667-134, E-mail:
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10
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Wang L, Wang Y, Chen A, Teli M, Kondo R, Jalali A, Fan Y, Liu S, Zhao X, Siegel A, Minami K, Agarwal M, Li BY, Yokota H. Pitavastatin slows tumor progression and alters urine-derived volatile organic compounds through the mevalonate pathway. FASEB J 2019; 33:13710-13721. [PMID: 31585508 PMCID: PMC6894072 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901388r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Bone is a frequent site of metastasis from breast cancer, and a desirable drug could suppress tumor growth as well as metastasis-linked bone loss. Currently, no drug is able to cure breast cancer-associated bone metastasis. In this study, we focused on statins that are known to inhibit cholesterol production and act as antitumor agents. After an initial potency screening of 7 U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved statins, we examined pitavastatin as a drug candidate for inhibiting tumor and tumor-induced bone loss. In vitro analysis revealed that pitavastatin acted as an inhibitor of tumor progression by altering stress to the endoplasmic reticulum, down-regulating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, and reducing Snail and matrix metalloproteinase 9. In bone homeostasis, it blocked osteoclast development by suppressing transcription factors c-Fos and JunB, but stimulated osteoblast mineralization by regulating bone morphogenetic protein 2 and p53. In a mouse model, pitavastatin presented a dual role in tumor inhibition in the mammary fat pad, as well as in bone protection in the osteolytic tibia. In mass spectrometry-based analysis, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that were linked to lipid metabolism and cholesterol synthesis were elevated in mice from the tumor-grown placebo group. Notably, pitavastatin-treated mice reduced specific VOCs that are linked to lipid metabolites in the mevalonate pathway. Collectively, the results lay a foundation for further investigation of pitavastatin's therapeutic efficacy in tumor-induced bone loss, as well as VOC-based diagnosis of tumor progression and treatment efficacy.-Wang, L., Wang, Y., Chen, A., Teli, M., Kondo, R., Jalali, A., Fan, Y., Liu, S., Zhao, X., Siegel, A., Minami, K., Agarwal, M., Li, B.-Y., Yokota, H. Pitavastatin slows tumor progression and alters urine-derived volatile organic compounds through the mevalonate pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luqi Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Andy Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Meghana Teli
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Rika Kondo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Aydin Jalali
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Yao Fan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Shengzhi Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Xinyu Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Amanda Siegel
- Integrated Nanosystems Development Institute, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | | | - Mangilal Agarwal
- Integrated Nanosystems Development Institute, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indiana University–Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Bai-Yan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hiroki Yokota
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Integrated Nanosystems Development Institute, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indiana University–Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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11
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Wang L, Wang Y, Chen A, Jalali A, Liu S, Guo Y, Na S, Nakshatri H, Li BY, Yokota H. Effects of a checkpoint kinase inhibitor, AZD7762, on tumor suppression and bone remodeling. Int J Oncol 2018; 53:1001-1012. [PMID: 30015873 PMCID: PMC6065446 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy for suppressing tumor growth and metastasis tends to induce various effects on other organs. Using AZD7762, an inhibitor of checkpoint kinase (Chk) 1 and 2, the present study examined its effect on mammary tumor cells in addition to bone cells (osteoclasts, osteoblasts and osteocytes), using monolayer cell cultures and three-dimensional (3D) cell spheroids. The results revealed that AZD7762 blocked the proliferation of 4T1.2 mammary tumor cells and suppressed the development of RAW264.7 pre-osteoclast cells by downregulating nuclear factor of activated T cells cytoplasmic 1. AZD7762 also promoted the mineralization of MC3T3 osteoblast-like cells and 3D bio-printed bone constructs of MLO-A5 osteocyte spheroids. While a Chk1 inhibitor, PD407824, suppressed the proliferation of tumor cells and the differentiation of pre-osteoclasts, its effect on gene expression in osteoblasts was markedly different compared with AZD7762. Western blotting indicated that the stimulating effect of AZD7762 on osteoblast development was associated with the inhibition of Chk2 and the downregulation of cellular tumor antigen p53. The results of the present study indicated that in addition to acting as a tumor suppressor, AZD7762 may prevent bone loss by inhibiting osteoclastogenesis and stimulating osteoblast mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luqi Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Andy Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Aydin Jalali
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Shengzhi Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Yunxia Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Sungsoo Na
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Harikrishna Nakshatri
- Department of Surgery, Simon Cancer Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Bai-Yan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Hiroki Yokota
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
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12
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Jiang F, Liu S, Chen A, Li BY, Robling AG, Chen J, Yokota H. Finite Element Analysis of the Mouse Distal Femur with Tumor Burden in Response to Knee Loading. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDICS (HONG KONG) 2018; 5:863-871. [PMID: 30505850 PMCID: PMC6261479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer-associated bone metastasis induces bone loss, followed by an increased risk of bone fracture. To develop a strategy for preventing tumor growth and protecting bone, an understanding of the mechanical properties of bone under tumor burden is indispensable. Using a mouse model of mammary tumor, we conducted finite element analysis (FEA) of two bone samples from the distal femur. One sample was from a placebo-treated mouse, and the other was from a mouse treated with the investigational drug candidate, PD407824, an inhibitor of checkpoint kinases. Mechanical testing and microCT images revealed that bone strength is improved by administration of PD407824. In response to loading to the knee, FEA predicted that the peaks of von Mises stress, an indicator of fracture yielding, as well as the third principal compressive stress, were higher in the placebo-treated femur than the drug-treated femur. Higher peak stresses in trabecular segments were observed in the lateral condyle, a critical region for integrity of the knee joint. Collectively, this FE study supports the notion that mechanical weakening of the femur was observed in the tumor-invaded trabecular bone, and chemical agents such as PD407824 may potentially assist in preventing bone loss and bone fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Jiang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Shengzhi Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Andy Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Bai-Yan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Alexander G. Robling
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Hiroki Yokota
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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