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Bakshi HA, Mkhael M, Faruck HL, Khan AU, Aljabali AAA, Mishra V, El-Tanani M, Charbe NB, Tambuwala MM. Cellular signaling in the hypoxic cancer microenvironment: Implications for drug resistance and therapeutic targeting. Cell Signal 2024; 113:110911. [PMID: 37805102 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
The rewiring of cellular metabolism is a defining characteristic of cancer, as tumor cells adapt to acquire essential nutrients from a nutrient-poor environment to sustain their viability and biomass. While hypoxia has been identified as a major factor depriving cancer cells of nutrients, recent studies have revealed that cancer cells distant from supporting blood vessels also face nutrient limitations. To overcome this challenge, hypoxic cancer cells, which heavily rely on glucose as an energy source, employ alternative pathways such as glycogen metabolism and reductive carboxylation of glutamine to meet their energy requirements for survival. Our preliminary studies, alongside others in the field, have shown that under glucose-deficient conditions, hypoxic cells can utilize mannose and maltose as alternative energy sources. This review aims to comprehensively examine the hypoxic cancer microenvironment, its association with drug resistance, and potential therapeutic strategies for targeting this unique niche. Furthermore, we will critically evaluate the current literature on hypoxic cancer microenvironments and explore state-of-the-art techniques used to analyze alternate carbohydrates, specifically mannose and maltose, in complex biological fluids. We will also propose the most effective analytical methods for quantifying mannose and maltose in such biological samples. By gaining a deeper understanding of the hypoxic cancer cell microenvironment and its role in drug resistance, novel therapeutic approaches can be developed to exploit this knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid A Bakshi
- Laboratory of Cancer Therapy Resistance and Drug Target Discovery, The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin MN55912, USA; School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ulster University, BT521SA, UK.
| | - Michella Mkhael
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ulster University, BT521SA, UK
| | - Hakkim L Faruck
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Tumorigenesis, The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin MN55912, USA
| | - Asad Ullah Khan
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Chronic Diseases, The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin MN55912, USA
| | - Alaa A A Aljabali
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yarmouk University Irbid, Jordan
| | - Vijay Mishra
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Mohamed El-Tanani
- RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nitin B Charbe
- Center for Pharmacometrics & Systems Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutics (Lake Nona), University of Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Murtaza M Tambuwala
- Lincoln Medical School, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool Campus, Lincoln LN6 7TS, UK.
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2
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Shi T, Zhu J, Zhang X, Mao X. The Role of Hypoxia and Cancer Stem Cells in Development of Glioblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15092613. [PMID: 37174078 PMCID: PMC10177528 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiform (GBM) is recognized as the most malignant brain tumor with a high level of hypoxia, containing a small population of glioblastoma stem like cells (GSCs). These GSCs have the capacity of self-renewal, proliferation, invasion and recapitulating the parent tumor, and are major causes of radio-and chemoresistance of GBM. Upregulated expression of hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs) in hypoxia fundamentally contributes to maintenance and progression of GSCs. Therefore, we thoroughly reviewed the currently acknowledged roles of hypoxia-associated GSCs in development of GBM. In detail, we recapitulated general features of GBM, especially GSC-related features, and delineated essential responses resulted from interactions between GSC and hypoxia, including hypoxia-induced signatures, genes and pathways, and hypoxia-regulated metabolic alterations. Five hypothesized GSC niches are discussed and integrated into one comprehensive concept: hypoxic peri-arteriolar niche of GSCs. Autophagy, another protective mechanism against chemotherapy, is also closely related to hypoxia and is a potential therapeutic target for GBM. In addition, potential causes of therapeutic resistance (chemo-, radio-, surgical-, immuno-), and chemotherapeutic agents which can improve the therapeutic effects of chemo-, radio-, or immunotherapy are introduced and discussed. At last, as a potential approach to reverse the hypoxic microenvironment in GBM, hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) might be an adjuvant therapy to chemo-and radiotherapy after surgery. In conclusion, we focus on demonstrating the important role of hypoxia on development of GBM, especially by affecting the function of GSCs. Important advantages have been made to understand the complicated responses induced by hypoxia in GBM. Further exploration of targeting hypoxia and GSCs can help to develop novel therapeutic strategies to improve the survival of GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyu Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
- Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710024, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Xinggang Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
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3
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Maddison K, Bowden NA, Graves MC, Tooney PA. Characteristics of vasculogenic mimicry and tumour to endothelial transdifferentiation in human glioblastoma: a systematic review. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:185. [PMID: 36823554 PMCID: PMC9948311 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10659-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma, the most common primary malignant brain tumour in adults, is a highly vascular tumour characterised by abnormal angiogenesis. Additional mechanisms of tumour vascularisation have also been reported in glioblastoma, including the formation of tumour cell-derived vessels by vasculogenic mimicry (VM) or the transdifferentiation of tumour cells to endothelial cells. VM and endothelial transdifferentiation have frequently been reported as distinct processes, however, the use of both terms to describe a single process of vascularisation also occurs. Some overlapping characteristics have also been reported when identifying each process. We therefore aimed to determine the markers consistently attributed to VM and endothelial transdifferentiation in the glioblastoma literature. METHODS Ovid MEDLINE and Ovid Embase were searched for studies published between January 1999 and July 2021 that assessed VM or tumour to endothelial transdifferentiation in human glioblastoma. The online systematic review tool Covidence was used for screening and data extraction. Extracted data included type of tumour-derived vasculature reported, methods and techniques used, and markers investigated. Studies were grouped based on type of vasculature reported for further assessment. RESULTS One hundred and thirteen of the 419 unique records identified were included for analysis. VM was reported in 64/113 studies, while tumour to endothelial transdifferentiation was reported in 16/113 studies. The remaining studies used both terms to describe a single process, did not define the process that occurred, or concluded that neither VM nor endothelial transdifferentiation occurred. Absence of CD34 and/or CD31 in vascular structures was the most common indicator of VM, while expression of CD34 and/or CD31, in addition to various other endothelial, stem cell or tumour cell markers, indicated tumour to endothelial transdifferentiation. CONCLUSION Cells derived from tumour to endothelial transdifferentiation express typical endothelial markers including CD34 and CD31, while tumour cells contributing to VM lack CD34 and CD31 expression. Additional tumour markers are required to identify transdifferentiation in glioblastoma tissue, and this process requires further characterisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey Maddison
- grid.266842.c0000 0000 8831 109XMedical Sciences Building, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, 2308 Callaghan, NSW Australia ,grid.266842.c0000 0000 8831 109XMark Hughes Foundation Centre for Brain Cancer Research, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW Australia ,grid.413648.cDrug Repurposing and Medicines Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW Australia
| | - Nikola A. Bowden
- grid.266842.c0000 0000 8831 109XSchool of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW Australia ,grid.413648.cDrug Repurposing and Medicines Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW Australia
| | - Moira C. Graves
- grid.266842.c0000 0000 8831 109XSchool of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW Australia ,grid.266842.c0000 0000 8831 109XMark Hughes Foundation Centre for Brain Cancer Research, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW Australia ,grid.413648.cDrug Repurposing and Medicines Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW Australia
| | - Paul A. Tooney
- grid.266842.c0000 0000 8831 109XMedical Sciences Building, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, 2308 Callaghan, NSW Australia ,grid.266842.c0000 0000 8831 109XMark Hughes Foundation Centre for Brain Cancer Research, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW Australia ,grid.413648.cDrug Repurposing and Medicines Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW Australia
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4
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Joerger M, Hundsberger T, Haefliger S, von Moos R, Hottinger AF, Kaindl T, Engelhardt M, Marszewska M, Lane H, Roth P, Stathis A. Safety and anti-tumor activity of lisavanbulin administered as 48-hour infusion in patients with ovarian cancer or recurrent glioblastoma: a phase 2a study. Invest New Drugs 2023; 41:267-275. [PMID: 36792805 PMCID: PMC10140113 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-023-01336-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Lisavanbulin (BAL101553) is the prodrug of avanbulin (BAL27862), a microtubule-destabilizing agent. The goal of this study (NCT02895360) was to characterize the safety, tolerability and antitumor activity of lisavanbulin administered as a 48-hour intravenous (IV) infusion at the recommended Phase 2 dose (RP2D) of 70 mg/m2. Results from the Phase 1 dose-escalation portion of the study identifying the RP2D have been previously reported. Here, we present the findings from the Phase 2a portion of this study. Methods. This multi-center, open-label study included patients with ovarian, fallopian-tube, or primary peritoneal cancer that was either platinum-resistant or refractory (11 patients), or with first recurrence of glioblastoma (12 patients). Lisavanbulin was administered as a 48-hour IV infusion on Days 1, 8, and 15 of a 28-day cycle. Results. Lisavanbulin was well tolerated in both patient cohorts. Thirteen patients (56.5%) developed 49 adverse events assessed as related to study treatment. The majority were mild or moderate; four were grade 3/4. Sixteen SAEs were reported in nine patients (39.1%), with none considered related to study treatment. No AEs led to permanent treatment discontinuation. Three patients in the ovarian cancer cohort had stable disease with lesion size reductions after two cycles of treatment; in the glioblastoma cohort, one patient showed partial response with a > 90% glioblastoma area reduction as best response, and one patient had stable disease after eight cycles of treatment. Conclusion. This study demonstrated a favorable safety and tolerability profile of 48-hour continuous IV infusion of lisavanbulin in patients with solid extracranial tumors or glioblastoma. Clinicaltrials.gov registration: NCT02895360.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Joerger
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland.,Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Hundsberger
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland.,Department of Neurology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Simon Haefliger
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Roger von Moos
- Department of Medical Oncology/Hematology, Cantonal Hospital Graubünden, Chur, Switzerland
| | - Andreas F Hottinger
- Lundin Family Brain Tumor Research Center, Departments of Oncology & Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital & University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Kaindl
- Basilea Pharmaceutica International Ltd, Hegenheimermattweg 167b, Allschwil, 4123, Switzerland.
| | - Marc Engelhardt
- Basilea Pharmaceutica International Ltd, Hegenheimermattweg 167b, Allschwil, 4123, Switzerland
| | - Michalina Marszewska
- Basilea Pharmaceutica International Ltd, Hegenheimermattweg 167b, Allschwil, 4123, Switzerland
| | - Heidi Lane
- Basilea Pharmaceutica International Ltd, Hegenheimermattweg 167b, Allschwil, 4123, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Roth
- Department of Neurology and Brain Tumor Center, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anastasios Stathis
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, EOC, Bellinzona, Switzerland
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5
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Thakur A, Faujdar C, Sharma R, Sharma S, Malik B, Nepali K, Liou JP. Glioblastoma: Current Status, Emerging Targets, and Recent Advances. J Med Chem 2022; 65:8596-8685. [PMID: 35786935 PMCID: PMC9297300 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly malignant
brain tumor characterized
by a heterogeneous population of genetically unstable and highly infiltrative
cells that are resistant to chemotherapy. Although substantial efforts
have been invested in the field of anti-GBM drug discovery in the
past decade, success has primarily been confined to the preclinical
level, and clinical studies have often been hampered due to efficacy-,
selectivity-, or physicochemical property-related issues. Thus, expansion
of the list of molecular targets coupled with a pragmatic design of
new small-molecule inhibitors with central nervous system (CNS)-penetrating
ability is required to steer the wheels of anti-GBM drug discovery
endeavors. This Perspective presents various aspects of drug discovery
(challenges in GBM drug discovery and delivery, therapeutic targets,
and agents under clinical investigation). The comprehensively covered
sections include the recent medicinal chemistry campaigns embarked
upon to validate the potential of numerous enzymes/proteins/receptors
as therapeutic targets in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandeep Thakur
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chetna Faujdar
- Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida 201307, India
| | - Ram Sharma
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Sachin Sharma
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Basant Malik
- Department of Sterile Product Development, Research and Development-Unit 2, Jubiliant Generics Ltd., Noida 201301, India
| | - Kunal Nepali
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Jing Ping Liou
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
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6
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Charest A. Optimizing an effective combination of the new microtubule targeting agent Lisavanbulin with standard of care therapy for glioblastoma in patient-derived xenograft pre-clinical models. Neuro Oncol 2021; 24:396-397. [PMID: 34850193 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Al Charest
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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7
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Genoud V, Espinoza FI, Marinari E, Rochemont V, Dietrich PY, McSheehy P, Bachmann F, Lane HA, Walker PR. Treating ICB-resistant glioma with anti-CD40 and mitotic spindle checkpoint controller BAL101553 (lisavanbulin). JCI Insight 2021; 6:e142980. [PMID: 34403371 PMCID: PMC8492343 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.142980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is a highly malignant brain tumor with no curative treatment options, and immune checkpoint blockade has not yet shown major impact. We hypothesized that drugs targeting mitosis might affect the tumor microenvironment and sensitize cancer cells to immunotherapy. We used 2 glioblastoma mouse models with different immunogenicity profiles, GL261 and SB28, to test the efficacy of antineoplastic and immunotherapy combinations. The spindle assembly checkpoint activator BAL101553 (lisavanbulin), agonistic anti-CD40 antibody, and double immune checkpoint blockade (anti–programmed cell death 1 and anti–cytotoxic T lymphocyte–associated protein 4; anti–PD-1 and anti–CTLA-4) were evaluated individually or in combination for treating orthotopic GL261 and SB28 tumors. Genomic and immunological analyses were used to predict and interpret therapy responsiveness. BAL101553 monotherapy increased survival in immune checkpoint blockade–resistant SB28 glioblastoma tumors and synergized with anti-CD40 antibody, in a T cell–independent manner. In contrast, the more immunogenic and highly mutated GL261 model responded best to anti–PD-1 and anti–CTLA-4 therapy and more modestly to BAL101553 and anti-CD40 combination. Our results show that BAL101553 is a promising therapeutic agent for glioblastoma and could synergize with innate immune stimulation. Overall, these data strongly support immune profiling of glioblastoma patients and preclinical testing of combination therapies with appropriate models for particular patient groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassilis Genoud
- Translational Research Center for Hemato-Oncology, University of Geneva, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Felipe I Espinoza
- Translational Research Center for Hemato-Oncology, University of Geneva, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Eliana Marinari
- Translational Research Center for Hemato-Oncology, University of Geneva, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Viviane Rochemont
- Translational Research Center for Hemato-Oncology, University of Geneva, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Paul McSheehy
- Department of Oncology, Basilea Pharmaceutica International Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - Felix Bachmann
- Department of Oncology, Basilea Pharmaceutica International Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - Heidi A Lane
- Department of Oncology, Basilea Pharmaceutica International Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - Paul R Walker
- Translational Research Center for Hemato-Oncology, University of Geneva, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
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8
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Perez T, Bergès R, Maccario H, Oddoux S, Honoré S. Low concentrations of vorinostat decrease EB1 expression in GBM cells and affect microtubule dynamics, cell survival and migration. Oncotarget 2021; 12:304-315. [PMID: 33659042 PMCID: PMC7899546 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiform (GBM) is the most frequent primitive brain tumor with a high recurrence and mortality. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) have evoked great interest because they are able to change transcriptomic profiles to promote tumor cell death but also induce side effects due to the lack of selectivity. We show in this paper new anticancer properties and mechanisms of action of low concentrations of vorinostat on various GBM cells which acts by affecting microtubule cytoskeleton in a non-histone 3 (H3) manner. Indeed, vorinostat induces tubulin acetylation and detyrosination, affects EB stabilizing cap on microtubule plus ends and suppresses microtubule dynamic instability. We previously identified EB1 overexpression as a marker of bad prognostic in GBM. Interestingly, we show for the first time to our knowledge, a strong decrease of EB1 expression in GBM cells by a drug. Altogether, our results suggest that low dose vorinostat, which is more selective for HDAC6 inhibition, could therefore represent an interesting therapeutic option for GBM especially in patients with EB1 overexpressing tumor with lower expected side effects. A validation of our hypothesis is needed during future clinical trials with this drug in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Perez
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, INP, Institute of NeuroPhysiopathology, Marseille, France.,APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Service Pharmacie, Marseille, France
| | - Raphaël Bergès
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, INP, Institute of NeuroPhysiopathology, Marseille, France
| | - Hélène Maccario
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, INP, Institute of NeuroPhysiopathology, Marseille, France
| | - Sarah Oddoux
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, INP, Institute of NeuroPhysiopathology, Marseille, France
| | - Stéphane Honoré
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, INP, Institute of NeuroPhysiopathology, Marseille, France.,APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Service Pharmacie, Marseille, France
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Abstract
Incorporation of heterocycles into drug molecules can enhance physical properties and biological activity. A variety of heterocyclic groups is available to medicinal chemists, many of which have been reviewed in detail elsewhere. Oxadiazoles are a class of heterocycle containing one oxygen and two nitrogen atoms, available in three isomeric forms. While the 1,2,4- and 1,3,4-oxadiazoles have seen widespread application in medicinal chemistry, 1,2,5-oxadiazoles (furazans) are less common. This Review provides a summary of the application of furazan-containing molecules in medicinal chemistry and drug development programs from analysis of both patent and academic literature. Emphasis is placed on programs that reached clinical or preclinical stages of development. The examples provided herein describe the pharmacology and biological activity of furazan derivatives with comparative data provided where possible for other heterocyclic groups and pharmacophores commonly used in medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Donald F Weaver
- Department of Fundamental Neurobiology, Krembil Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5T 0S8, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H2, Canada
| | - Mark A Reed
- Treventis Corporation, Toronto, Ontario M5T 0S8, Canada.,Department of Fundamental Neurobiology, Krembil Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5T 0S8, Canada
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10
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Chen L, Wang L, Qin J, Wei DS. CtBP2 interacts with ZBTB18 to promote malignancy of glioblastoma. Life Sci 2020; 262:118477. [PMID: 32971103 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate how the interaction of CtBP2 with ZBTB18 affect glioblastoma (GBM). METHODS Western blotting was performed to detect CtBP2 and ZBTB18 expression in GBM and normal brain tissues (NBT). U-87 MG cells were transfected with ZBTB18 CRISPR activation plasmid, CtBP2 shRNA with/without ZBTB18 shRNA. The biological characteristics were detected by EdU assay, MTT, Wound-healing, Transwell, TUNEL staining, and Flow cytometry. Furthermore, U-87 MG cells transfected with CtBP2 shRNA and/or ZBTB18 shRNA were injected into the flank region of mice and the tumor volume was measured. The mRNA and protein expression was quantified by qRT-PCR or Western blotting. RESULTS GBM tissues exhibited increased CtBP2 expression and decreased ZBTB18 expression, which demonstrated a negative correlation in GBM tissues and showed the combined effect on prognosis. Based on immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence, there was an interaction between CtBP2 and ZBTB18 in U-87 MG cells. CtBP2 shRNA counteracted the effect of ZBTB18 shRNA on inhibiting U-87 MG cell apoptosis, as well as promoting cell proliferation and viability with increased EMT, invasion and migration. Meanwhile, CtBP2 shRNA interact with ZBTB18 to block cells at phase G0/G1 and suppress SHH-GLI1 pathway. CtBP2 shRNA decreased tumor volume, increase ZBTB18 expression in tumor tissues, and inhibit SHH-GLI1 pathway in mice, which could be reversed by ZBTB18 shRNA. CONCLUSION CtBP2 elevation and ZBTB18 down-regulation were found in GBM, both of which were associated with prognosis of GBM patients. CtBP2 interacted with ZBTB18 to affect biological characteristics of GBM cells, and the tumor growth, which may be related to the SHH-GLI1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China.
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Qin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China
| | - De-Sheng Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China
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