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Silva MP, Ferreira LT, Brás NF, Torres L, Brandão A, Pinheiro M, Cardoso M, Resende A, Vieira J, Palmeira C, Martins G, Silva M, Pinto C, Peixoto A, Silva J, Henrique R, Maia S, Maiato H, Teixeira MR, Paulo P. BUB1B monoallelic germline variants contribute to prostate cancer predisposition by triggering chromosomal instability. J Biomed Sci 2024; 31:74. [PMID: 39014450 PMCID: PMC11251299 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-024-01056-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PrCa) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in men. Variants in known moderate- to high-penetrance genes explain less than 5% of the cases arising at early-onset (< 56 years) and/or with familial aggregation of the disease. Considering that BubR1 is an essential component of the mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint, we hypothesized that monoallelic BUB1B variants could be sufficient to fuel chromosomal instability (CIN), potentially triggering (prostate) carcinogenesis. METHODS To unveil BUB1B as a new PrCa predisposing gene, we performed targeted next-generation sequencing in germline DNA from 462 early-onset/familial PrCa patients and 1,416 cancer patients fulfilling criteria for genetic testing for other hereditary cancer syndromes. To explore the pan-cancer role of BUB1B, we used in silico BubR1 molecular modeling, in vitro gene-editing, and ex vivo patients' tumors and peripheral blood lymphocytes. RESULTS Rare BUB1B variants were found in ~ 1.9% of the early-onset/familial PrCa cases and in ~ 0.6% of other cancer patients fulfilling criteria for hereditary disease. We further show that BUB1B variants lead to decreased BubR1 expression and/or stability, which promotes increased premature chromatid separation and, consequently, triggers CIN, driving resistance to Taxol-based therapies. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that different BUB1B variants may uncover a trigger for CIN-driven carcinogenesis, supporting the role of BUB1B as a (pan)-cancer predisposing gene with potential impact on genetic counseling and treatment decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria P Silva
- Cancer Genetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP) / RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto) / Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luísa T Ferreira
- Cancer Genetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP) / RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto) / Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, Porto, Portugal
| | - Natércia F Brás
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lurdes Torres
- Cancer Genetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP) / RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto) / Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Laboratory Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto) / Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreia Brandão
- Cancer Genetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP) / RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto) / Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuela Pinheiro
- Cancer Genetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP) / RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto) / Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marta Cardoso
- Cancer Genetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP) / RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto) / Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, Porto, Portugal
| | - Adriana Resende
- Cancer Genetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP) / RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto) / Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Laboratory Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto) / Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Vieira
- Cancer Genetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP) / RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto) / Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Laboratory Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto) / Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carlos Palmeira
- Department of Immunology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto) / Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, Porto, Portugal
| | - Gabriela Martins
- Department of Immunology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto) / Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, Porto, Portugal
| | - Miguel Silva
- Cancer Genetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP) / RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto) / Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Laboratory Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto) / Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Pinto
- Cancer Genetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP) / RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto) / Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Laboratory Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto) / Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Peixoto
- Cancer Genetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP) / RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto) / Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Laboratory Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto) / Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, Porto, Portugal
| | - João Silva
- Cancer Genetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP) / RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto) / Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Laboratory Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto) / Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Henrique
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto) / Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sofia Maia
- Cancer Genetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP) / RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto) / Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, Porto, Portugal
| | - Helder Maiato
- Chromosome Instability & Dynamics Group, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto / Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, Porto, i3S, Portugal
- Cell Division Group, Experimental Biology Unit, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel R Teixeira
- Cancer Genetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP) / RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto) / Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Laboratory Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto) / Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, Porto, Portugal
- School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Paulo
- Cancer Genetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP) / RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto) / Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, Porto, Portugal.
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Nazir SU, Mishra J, Maurya SK, Ziamiavaghi N, Bodas S, Teply BA, Dutta S, Datta K. Deciphering the genetic and epigenetic architecture of prostate cancer. Adv Cancer Res 2024; 161:191-221. [PMID: 39032950 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2024.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer, one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers in men, leads to significant mortality worldwide. Its study is important due to the complexity and diversity in its progression, highlighting the urgent need for improved therapeutic strategies. This chapter probes into the genetic and epigenetic factors influencing prostate cancer progression, underscoring the importance of understanding the disease's molecular fundamentals for the development of targeted therapies. It specifically reviews the role of key genetic mutations in genes such as Androgen Receptor, TP53, SPOP, FOXA1 and PTEN which are crucial for the disease onset and a progression. Furthermore, it examines the impact of epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation and histone modification, which contribute to the cancer's progression by affecting gene expression and cellular behavior. Further, in this chapter we delve into the underlying signaling mechanism, the advancements in targeting genetic and epigenetic alterations in prostate cancer. These findings have revealed promising targets for therapeutic advancements, aiming to understand and identify promising avenues for future therapies. This chapter improves our current understanding of prostate cancer genetic and epigenetic landscape, emphasizing the necessity of advancing our knowledge to refine and expand treatment options for prostate cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheeraz Un Nazir
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Massy Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Juhi Mishra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Massy Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Shailendra Kumar Maurya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Massy Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Negin Ziamiavaghi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Massy Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Sanika Bodas
- Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Benjamin A Teply
- Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology & Hematology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Samikshan Dutta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Massy Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Kaustubh Datta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Massy Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States.
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3
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Hendrickson PG, Oristian KM, Browne MR, Luo L, Ma Y, Cardona DM, Nash JO, Ballester PL, Davidson S, Shlien A, Linardic CM, Kirsch DG. Spontaneous expression of the CIC::DUX4 fusion oncoprotein from a conditional allele potently drives sarcoma formation in genetically engineered mice. Oncogene 2024; 43:1223-1230. [PMID: 38413794 PMCID: PMC11027086 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-02984-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
CIC::DUX4 sarcoma (CDS) is a rare but highly aggressive undifferentiated small round cell sarcoma driven by a fusion between the tumor suppressor Capicua (CIC) and DUX4. Currently, there are no effective treatments and efforts to identify and translate better therapies are limited by the scarcity of patient tumor samples and cell lines. To address this limitation, we generated three genetically engineered mouse models of CDS (Ch7CDS, Ai9CDS, and TOPCDS). Remarkably, chimeric mice from all three conditional models developed spontaneous soft tissue tumors and disseminated disease in the absence of Cre-recombinase. The penetrance of spontaneous (Cre-independent) tumor formation was complete irrespective of bi-allelic Cic function and the distance between adjacent loxP sites. Characterization of soft tissue and presumed metastatic tumors showed that they consistently expressed the CIC::DUX4 fusion protein and many downstream markers of the disease credentialing the models as CDS. In addition, tumor-derived cell lines were generated and ChIP-seq was preformed to map fusion-gene specific binding using an N-terminal HA epitope tag. These datasets, along with paired H3K27ac ChIP-sequencing maps, validate CIC::DUX4 as a neomorphic transcriptional activator. Moreover, they are consistent with a model where ETS family transcription factors are cooperative and redundant drivers of the core regulatory circuitry in CDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter G Hendrickson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - MaKenna R Browne
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Lixia Luo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Diana M Cardona
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Joshua O Nash
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Laboratory of Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Pedro L Ballester
- Laboratory of Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Scott Davidson
- Laboratory of Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Adam Shlien
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Laboratory of Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Corinne M Linardic
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - David G Kirsch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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4
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Hendrickson PG, Oristian KM, Browne MR, Luo L, Ma Y, Cardona DM, Linardic CM, Kirsch DG. Expression of the CIC-DUX4 fusion oncoprotein mimics human CIC-rearranged sarcoma in genetically engineered mouse models. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3487637. [PMID: 37961185 PMCID: PMC10635354 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3487637/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
CIC-DUX4 sarcoma (CDS) is a rare but highly aggressive undifferentiated small round cell sarcoma driven by a fusion between the tumor suppressor Capicua (CIC) and DUX4. Currently, there are no effective treatments and efforts to identify and translate better therapies are limited by the scarcity of patient tumor samples and cell lines. To address this limitation, we generated three genetically engineered mouse models of CDS (Ch7CDS, Ai9CDS, and TOPCDS). Remarkably, chimeric mice from all three conditional models developed spontaneous tumors and widespread metastasis in the absence of Cre-recombinase. The penetrance of spontaneous (Cre-independent) tumor formation was complete irrespective of bi-allelic CIC function and the distance between loxP sites. Characterization of primary and metastatic mouse tumors showed that they consistently expressed the CIC-DUX4 fusion protein as well as other downstream markers of the disease credentialing these models as CDS. In addition, tumor-derived cell lines were generated and ChIP-seq was preformed to map fusion-gene specific binding using an N-terminal HA epitope tag. These datasets, along with paired H3K27ac ChIP-seq maps, validate CIC-DUX4 as a neomorphic transcriptional activator. Moreover, they are consistent with a model where ETS family transcription factors are cooperative and redundant drivers of the core regulatory circuitry in CDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter G. Hendrickson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - MaKenna R. Browne
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Lixia Luo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Dianna M. Cardona
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Corinne M. Linardic
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - David G. Kirsch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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5
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Hendrickson PG, Oristian KM, Browne MR, Lou L, Ma Y, Cardona DM, Linardic CM, Kirsch DG. Expression of the CIC-DUX4 fusion oncoprotein mimics human CIC-rearranged sarcoma in genetically engineered mouse models. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.26.559519. [PMID: 37808628 PMCID: PMC10557731 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.26.559519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
CIC-DUX4 sarcoma (CDS) is a rare but highly aggressive undifferentiated small round cell sarcoma driven by a fusion between the tumor suppressor Capicua (CIC) and DUX4. Currently, there are no effective treatments and efforts to identify and translate better therapies are limited by the scarcity of tissues and patients. To address this limitation, we generated three genetically engineered mouse models of CDS (Ch7CDS, Ai9CDS, and TOPCDS). Remarkably, chimeric mice from all three conditional models developed spontaneous tumors and widespread metastasis in the absence of Cre-recombinase. The penetrance of spontaneous (Cre-independent) tumor formation was complete irrespective of bi-allelic CIC function and loxP site proximity. Characterization of primary and metastatic mouse tumors showed that they consistently expressed the CIC-DUX4 fusion protein as well as other downstream markers of the disease credentialing these models as CDS. In addition, tumor-derived cell lines were generated and ChIP-seq was preformed to map fusion-gene specific binding using an N-terminal HA epitope tag. These datasets, along with paired H3K27ac ChIP-seq maps, validate CIC-DUX4 as a neomorphic transcriptional activator. Moreover, they are consistent with a model where ETS family transcription factors are cooperative and redundant drivers of the core regulatory circuitry in CDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter G. Hendrickson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - MaKenna R. Browne
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Lixia Lou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Dianna M. Cardona
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Corinne M. Linardic
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - David G. Kirsch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Schafer C, Young D, Singh H, Jayakrishnan R, Banerjee S, Song Y, Dobi A, Petrovics G, Srivastava S, Srivastava S, Sesterhenn IA, Chesnut GT, Tan SH. Development and characterization of an ETV1 rabbit monoclonal antibody for the immunohistochemical detection of ETV1 expression in cancer tissue specimens. J Immunol Methods 2023; 518:113493. [PMID: 37196930 PMCID: PMC10802095 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2023.113493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aberrant ETV1 overexpression arising from gene rearrangements or mutations occur frequently in prostate cancer, round cell sarcomas, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, gliomas, and other malignancies. The absence of specific monoclonal antibodies (mAb) has limited its detection and our understanding of its oncogenic function. METHODS An ETV1 specific rabbit mAb (29E4) was raised using an immunogenic peptide. Key residues essential for its binding were probed by ELISA and its binding kinetics were measured by surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRi). Its selective binding to ETV1 was assessed by immunoblots and immunofluorescence assays (IFA), and by both single and double-immuno-histochemistry (IHC) assays on prostate cancer tissue specimens. RESULTS Immunoblot results showed that the mAb is highly specific and lacked cross-reactivity with other ETS factors. A minimal epitope with two phenylalanine residues at its core was found to be required for effective mAb binding. SPRi measurements revealed an equilibrium dissociation constant in the picomolar range, confirming its high affinity. ETV1 (+) tumors were detected in prostate cancer tissue microarray cases evaluated. IHC staining of whole-mounted sections revealed glands with a mosaic staining pattern of cells that are partly ETV1 (+) and interspersed with ETV1 (-) cells. Duplex IHC, using ETV1 and ERG mAbs, detected collision tumors containing glands with distinct ETV1 (+) and ERG (+) cells. CONCLUSIONS The selective detection of ETV1 by the 29E4 mAb in immunoblots, IFA, and IHC assays using human prostate tissue specimens reveals a potential utility for the diagnosis, the prognosis of prostate adenocarcinoma and other cancers, and the stratification of patients for treatment by ETV1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara Schafer
- Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Denise Young
- Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Harpreet Singh
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Rahul Jayakrishnan
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Sreedatta Banerjee
- Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Yingjie Song
- Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Albert Dobi
- Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Gyorgy Petrovics
- Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Sudhir Srivastava
- Cancer Biomarkers Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Shiv Srivastava
- Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | | | - Gregory T Chesnut
- Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA; Urology Service, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Shyh-Han Tan
- Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD 20817, USA.
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Felgueiras J, Lobo J, Camilo V, Carneiro I, Matos B, Henrique R, Jerónimo C, Fardilha M. PP1 catalytic isoforms are differentially expressed and regulated in human prostate cancer. Exp Cell Res 2022; 418:113282. [PMID: 35841980 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The Ser/Thr-protein phosphatase PP1 (PP1) is a positive regulator of the androgen receptor (AR), which suggests major roles for PP1 in prostate carcinogenesis. However, studies dedicated to the characterization of PP1 in PCa are currently scarce. Here we analyzed the expression and localization of the PP1 catalytic (PP1c) isoforms in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded prostate tissue samples, as well as in PCa cell lines. We also analyzed well-characterized PCa cohorts to determine their transcript levels, identify genetic alterations, and assess promoter methylation of PP1c-coding genes. We found that PP-1A was upregulated and relocalized towards the nucleus in PCa and that PPP1CA was frequently amplified in PCa, particularly in advanced stages. PP-1B was downregulated in PCa but upregulated in a subset of tumors with AR amplification. PP-1G transcript levels were found to be associated with Gleason score. PP1c-coding genes were rarely mutated in PCa and were not prone to regulation by promoter methylation. Protein phosphorylation, on the other hand, might be an important regulatory mechanism of PP1c isoforms' activity. Altogether, our results suggest differential expression, localization, and regulation of PP1c isoforms in PCa and support the need for investigating isoform-specific roles in prostate carcinogenesis in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Felgueiras
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine - iBiMED, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group - Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, Porto, Portugal & Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.CCC), Portugal
| | - João Lobo
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group - Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, Porto, Portugal & Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.CCC), Portugal; Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Vânia Camilo
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group - Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, Porto, Portugal & Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.CCC), Portugal
| | - Isa Carneiro
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group - Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, Porto, Portugal & Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.CCC), Portugal; Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Bárbara Matos
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine - iBiMED, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group - Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, Porto, Portugal & Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.CCC), Portugal
| | - Rui Henrique
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group - Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, Porto, Portugal & Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.CCC), Portugal; Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carmen Jerónimo
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group - Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, Porto, Portugal & Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.CCC), Portugal; Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Margarida Fardilha
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine - iBiMED, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
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I V AN, Nair AS. Bioinformatics screening of ETV4 transcription factor oncogenes and identifying small-molecular anticancer drugs. Chem Biol Drug Des 2021; 99:277-285. [PMID: 34757684 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This bioinformatics study aimed to identify ETV4 transcription factor oncogenes and outline anticancer drugs for these genes. First, we collected known 61 ETV4 cancer targets that were framed as two classes of queries to screen against the multiomics resources in GeneMANIA. This method accessed and added functionally similar 20 genes to each set. These data were interpreted by hub genes, network clustering, gene ontology, and pathway analyses, and the results confirmed that all resultant genes were cancer promoters. The ETS-binding motifs were identified from the promoter regions of these genes. Thus, 23 ETV4 targets were figured and those involved in oncogenesis were filtered as the following 16 putative nodes: MMP8, MMP14, KDR, BRIP1, CXCR1, GRB14, SHC2, SHC4, SH2B1, SH2B2, INPPL1, PTPN3, GNG12, SEMA4D, RHOA, and SPSB2. The transcriptional regulation of these oncogenes was coordinated by an extensive miRNA network that found to deregulate many cancer pathways. Using DgIb database, the high quality 6 oncogene-drug combinations (MMP8-CHEMBL1231240, MMP8-Aminomethylamide, CXCR1-Reparixin, SEMA4D-Pepinemab, RHOA-Clausine E, and SPSB2-CHEMBL175296) were proposed. These findings may advance our understanding of novel neoplastic gene nexus of ETV4 and design treatment strategies for its modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambily Nath I V
- Department of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Achuthsankar S Nair
- Department of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
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9
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Jiang W, Xu Y, Chen X, Pan S, Zhu X. E26 transformation-specific variant 4 as a tumor promotor in human cancers through specific molecular mechanisms. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2021; 22:518-527. [PMID: 34553037 PMCID: PMC8433062 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2021.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
E26 transformation-specific (ETS) variant 4 (ETV4) is an important transcription factor that belongs to the ETS transcription factor family and is essential for much cellular physiology. Recent evidence has revealed that ETV4 is aberrantly expressed in many types of tumors, and its overexpression is related to poor prognosis of cancer patients. Additionally, increasing studies have identified that ETV4 promotes cancer growth, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance. Mechanistically, the level of ETV4 is regulated by some post-translation modulations in a broad spectrum of cancers. However, little progress has been made to comprehensively summarize the critical roles of ETV4 in different human cancers. Hence, this review mainly focuses on the physiological functions of ETV4 in various human tumors. In addition, the molecular mechanisms of ETV4-mediated cancer progression were elucidated, including how ETV4 modulates its downstream signaling pathways and how ETV4 is regulated by some factors. On this basis, the present review may provide a valuable therapeutics strategy for future cancer treatment by targeting ETV4-related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiao Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Yichi Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Shuya Pan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Xueqiong Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
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10
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Harel S, Sanchez V, Moamer A, Sanchez-Galan JE, Abid Hussein MN, Mayaki D, Blanchette M, Hussain SNA. ETS1, ELK1, and ETV4 Transcription Factors Regulate Angiopoietin-1 Signaling and the Angiogenic Response in Endothelial Cells. Front Physiol 2021; 12:683651. [PMID: 34381375 PMCID: PMC8350579 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.683651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) is the main ligand of Tie-2 receptors. It promotes endothelial cell (EC) survival, migration, and differentiation. Little is known about the transcription factors (TFs) in ECs that are downstream from Tie-2 receptors. Objective The main objective of this study is to identify the roles of the ETS family of TFs in Ang-1 signaling and the angiogenic response. Methods In silico enrichment analyses that were designed to predict TF binding sites of the promotors of eighty-six Ang-1-upregulated genes showed significant enrichment of ETS1, ELK1, and ETV4 binding sites in ECs. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were exposed for different time periods to recombinant Ang-1 protein and mRNA levels of ETS1, ELK1, and ETV4 were measured with qPCR and intracellular localization of these transcription factors was assessed with immunofluorescence. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays and reporter assays were used to assess activation of ETS1, ELK1, and ETV4 in response to Ang-1 exposure. The functional roles of these TFs in Ang-1-induced endothelial cell survival, migration, differentiation, and gene regulation were evaluated by using a loss-of-function approach (transfection with siRNA oligos). Results Ang-1 exposure increased ETS1 mRNA levels but had no effect on ELK1 or ETV4 levels. Immunostaining revealed that in control ECs, ETS1 has nuclear localization whereas ELK1 and ETV4 are localized to the nucleus and the cytosol. Ang-1 exposure increased nuclear intensity of ETS1 protein and enhanced nuclear mobilization of ELK1 and ETV4. Selective siRNA knockdown of ETS1, ELK1, and ETV4 showed that these TFs are required for Ang-1-induced EC survival and differentiation of cells, while ETS1 and ETV4 are required for Ang-1-induced EC migration. Moreover, ETS1, ELK1, and ETV4 knockdown inhibited Ang-1-induced upregulation of thirteen, eight, and nine pro-angiogenesis genes, respectively. Conclusion We conclude that ETS1, ELK1, and ETV4 transcription factors play significant angiogenic roles in Ang-1 signaling in ECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Harel
- Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Critical Care, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Veronica Sanchez
- Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Critical Care, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alaa Moamer
- Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Critical Care, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Javier E Sanchez-Galan
- School of Computer Science, McGill Centre for Bioinformatics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mohammad N Abid Hussein
- School of Engineering and Technology (SET), Aldar University College, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dominique Mayaki
- Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Critical Care, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mathieu Blanchette
- School of Computer Science, McGill Centre for Bioinformatics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sabah N A Hussain
- Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Critical Care, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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11
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Scaravilli M, Koivukoski S, Latonen L. Androgen-Driven Fusion Genes and Chimeric Transcripts in Prostate Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:623809. [PMID: 33634124 PMCID: PMC7900491 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.623809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Androgens are steroid hormones governing the male reproductive development and function. As such, androgens and the key mediator of their effects, androgen receptor (AR), have a leading role in many diseases. Prostate cancer is a major disease where AR and its transcription factor function affect a significant number of patients worldwide. While disease-related AR-driven transcriptional programs are connected to the presence and activity of the receptor itself, also novel modes of transcriptional regulation by androgens are exploited by cancer cells. One of the most intriguing and ingenious mechanisms is to bring previously unconnected genes under the control of AR. Most often this occurs through genetic rearrangements resulting in fusion genes where an androgen-regulated promoter area is combined to a protein-coding area of a previously androgen-unaffected gene. These gene fusions are distinctly frequent in prostate cancer compared to other common solid tumors, a phenomenon still requiring an explanation. Interestingly, also another mode of connecting androgen regulation to a previously unaffected gene product exists via transcriptional read-through mechanisms. Furthermore, androgen regulation of fusion genes and transcripts is not linked to only protein-coding genes. Pseudogenes and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can also be affected by androgens and de novo functions produced. In this review, we discuss the prevalence, molecular mechanisms, and functional evidence for androgen-regulated prostate cancer fusion genes and transcripts. We also discuss the clinical relevance of especially the most common prostate cancer fusion gene TMPRSS2-ERG, as well as present open questions of prostate cancer fusions requiring further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Scaravilli
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sonja Koivukoski
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Leena Latonen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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12
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Kandemir B, Gulfidan G, Arga KY, Yilmaz B, Kurnaz IA. Transcriptomic profile of Pea3 family members reveal regulatory codes for axon outgrowth and neuronal connection specificity. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18162. [PMID: 33097800 PMCID: PMC7584614 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75089-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PEA3 transcription factor subfamily is present in a variety of tissues with branching morphogenesis, and play a particularly significant role in neural circuit formation and specificity. Many target genes in axon guidance and cell-cell adhesion pathways have been identified for Pea3 transcription factor (but not for Erm or Er81); however it was not so far clear whether all Pea3 subfamily members regulate same target genes, or whether there are unique targets for each subfamily member that help explain the exclusivity and specificity of these proteins in neuronal circuit formation. In this study, using transcriptomics and qPCR analyses in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, hypothalamic and hippocampal cell line, we have identified cell type-specific and subfamily member-specific targets for PEA3 transcription factor subfamily. While Pea3 upregulates transcription of Sema3D and represses Sema5B, for example, Erm and Er81 upregulate Sema5A and Er81 regulates Unc5C and Sema4G while repressing EFNB3 in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. We furthermore present a molecular model of how unique sites within the ETS domain of each family member can help recognize specific target motifs. Such cell-context and member-specific combinatorial expression profiles help identify cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix communication networks and how they establish specific connections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Başak Kandemir
- Institute of Biotechnology, Gebze Technical University, Kocaeli, Turkey
- Biotechnology Graduate Program, Yeditepe University, Kayisdagi, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gizem Gulfidan
- Department of Bioengineering, Marmara University, Goztepe, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kazim Yalcin Arga
- Department of Bioengineering, Marmara University, Goztepe, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bayram Yilmaz
- Biotechnology Graduate Program, Yeditepe University, Kayisdagi, Istanbul, Turkey
- Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Kayisdagi, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Isil Aksan Kurnaz
- Institute of Biotechnology, Gebze Technical University, Kocaeli, Turkey.
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Gebze Technical University, Kocaeli, Turkey.
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13
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Cosi I, Pellecchia A, De Lorenzo E, Torre E, Sica M, Nesi G, Notaro R, De Angioletti M. ETV4 promotes late development of prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and cell proliferation through direct and p53-mediated downregulation of p21. J Hematol Oncol 2020; 13:112. [PMID: 32791988 PMCID: PMC7427297 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-020-00943-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND ETV4 is one of the ETS proteins overexpressed in prostate cancer (PC) as a result of recurrent chromosomal translocations. In human prostate cell lines, ETV4 promotes migration, invasion, and proliferation; however, its role in PC has been unclear. In this study, we have explored the effects of ETV4 expression in the prostate in a novel transgenic mouse model. METHODS We have created a mouse model with prostate-specific expression of ETV4 (ETV4 mice). By histochemical and molecular analysis, we have investigated in these engineered mice the expression of p21, p27, and p53. The implications of our in vivo findings have been further investigated in human cells lines by chromatin-immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and luciferase assays. RESULTS ETV4 mice, from two independent transgenic lines, have increased cell proliferation in their prostate and two-thirds of them, by the age of 10 months, developed mouse prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (mPIN). In these mice, cdkn1a and its p21 protein product were reduced compared to controls; p27 protein was also reduced. By ChIP assay in human prostate cell lines, we show that ETV4 binds to a specific site (-704/-696 bp upstream of the transcription start) in the CDKN1A promoter that was proven, by luciferase assay, to be functionally competent. ETV4 further controls CDKN1A expression by downregulating p53 protein: this reduction of p53 was confirmed in vivo in ETV4 mice. CONCLUSIONS ETV4 overexpression results in the development of mPIN but not in progression to cancer. ETV4 increases prostate cell proliferation through multiple mechanisms, including downregulation of CDKN1A and its p21 protein product: this in turn is mediated through direct binding of ETV4 to the CDKN1A promoter and through the ETV4-mediated decrease of p53. This multi-faceted role of ETV4 in prostate cancer makes it a potential target for novel therapeutic approaches that could be explored in this ETV4 transgenic model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Cosi
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Core Research Laboratory, Istituto per lo Studio, la Prevenzione e la Rete Oncologica (ISPRO), Florence, 50139, Italy.,Doctorate School GenOMeC, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Annamaria Pellecchia
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Core Research Laboratory, Istituto per lo Studio, la Prevenzione e la Rete Oncologica (ISPRO), Florence, 50139, Italy
| | - Emanuele De Lorenzo
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Core Research Laboratory, Istituto per lo Studio, la Prevenzione e la Rete Oncologica (ISPRO), Florence, 50139, Italy
| | - Eugenio Torre
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Michela Sica
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Core Research Laboratory, Istituto per lo Studio, la Prevenzione e la Rete Oncologica (ISPRO), Florence, 50139, Italy
| | - Gabriella Nesi
- Division of Pathology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - Rosario Notaro
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Core Research Laboratory, Istituto per lo Studio, la Prevenzione e la Rete Oncologica (ISPRO), Florence, 50139, Italy
| | - Maria De Angioletti
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Core Research Laboratory, Istituto per lo Studio, la Prevenzione e la Rete Oncologica (ISPRO), Florence, 50139, Italy. .,ICCOM-National Council of Research, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, 50019, Italy.
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14
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Lu Z, Williamson SR, Carskadon S, Arachchige PD, Dhamdhere G, Schultz DS, Stricker H, Peabody JO, Jeong W, Chitale DA, Bismar TA, Rogers CG, Menon M, Gupta NS, Palanisamy N. Clonal evaluation of early onset prostate cancer by expression profiling of ERG, SPINK1, ETV1, and ETV4 on whole-mount radical prostatectomy tissue. Prostate 2020; 80:38-50. [PMID: 31584209 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Expression profiles of erythroblast transformation-specific (ETS)-related gene fusions and serine protease inhibitor Kazal-type 1 (SPINK1) in early onset prostate cancer have not been thoroughly explored. METHODS We retrieved 151 radical prostatectomy specimens from young men with prostate cancer (<55 years) and characterized the expression of ETS-related gene (ERG), SPINK1, ETS Variant 1 (ETV1), and ETV4 by dual immunohistochemistry and dual RNA in situ hybridization. Age, race, family history, preoperative prostate-specific antigen, biochemical recurrence, and pathological variables using whole-mount radical prostatectomy tissue were collected. RESULTS A total of 313 tumor nodules from 151 men including 68 (45%) Caucasians and 61 (40%) African Americans were included in the analysis. Positive family history of prostate cancer was seen in 65 (43%) patients. Preoperative prostate-specific antigen ranged from 0.3 to 52.7 ng/mL (mean = 7.04). The follow-up period ranged from 1 to 123.7 months (mean = 30.3). Biochemical recurrence was encountered in 8 of 151 (5%). ERG overexpression was observed in 85 of 151 (56%) cases, followed by SPINK1 in 61 of 151 (40%), ETV1 in 9 of 149 (6%), and ETV4 in 4 of 141 (3%). There were 25 of 151 (17%) cases showing both ERG and SPINK1 overexpression within different regions of either the same tumor focus or different foci. Higher frequency of ERG overexpression was seen in younger patients (≤45 years old; 76% vs 49%, P = .002), Caucasian men (71% vs 41% P = .0007), organ-confined tumors (64% vs 33%, P = .0008), and tumors of Gleason Grade groups 1 and 2 (62% vs 26%, P = .009). SPINK1 overexpression was more in African American men (68% vs 26%, P = .00008), in tumors with high tumor volume (>20%) and with anterior located tumors. ETV1 and ETV4 demonstrated rare overexpression in these tumors, particularly in the higher-grade tumors. CONCLUSION This study expands the knowledge of the clonal evolution of multifocal cancer in young patients and support differences in relation to racial background and genetics of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichun Lu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Sean R Williamson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Shannon Carskadon
- Department of Urology, Vattikuti Urology Institute, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Pavithra D Arachchige
- Department of Urology, Vattikuti Urology Institute, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Gaury Dhamdhere
- Department of Urology, Vattikuti Urology Institute, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Daniel S Schultz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Hans Stricker
- Department of Urology, Vattikuti Urology Institute, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | - James O Peabody
- Department of Urology, Vattikuti Urology Institute, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Wooju Jeong
- Department of Urology, Vattikuti Urology Institute, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Dhananjay A Chitale
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Tarek A Bismar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary and Calgary Laboratory Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Craig G Rogers
- Department of Urology, Vattikuti Urology Institute, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Mani Menon
- Department of Urology, Vattikuti Urology Institute, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Nilesh S Gupta
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Nallasivam Palanisamy
- Department of Urology, Vattikuti Urology Institute, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
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15
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Gupta A, Towers C, Willenbrock F, Brant R, Hodgson DR, Sharpe A, Smith P, Cutts A, Schuh A, Asher R, Myers K, Love S, Collins L, Wise A, Middleton MR, Macaulay VM. Dual-specificity protein phosphatase DUSP4 regulates response to MEK inhibition in BRAF wild-type melanoma. Br J Cancer 2019; 122:506-516. [PMID: 31839677 PMCID: PMC7028919 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-019-0673-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Aiming to improve treatment options for BRAF wild-type melanoma, we previously conducted the DOC-MEK study of docetaxel with MEK inhibitor (MEKi) selumetinib or placebo, revealing trends to prolongation of progression-free survival (hazard ratio 0.75, P = 0.130), and improved response rates (32% vs 14%, P = 0.059) with docetaxel plus selumetinib. NRAS status did not associate with outcome. Here, the aim was to identify novel biomarkers of response to MEKi. Methods A MEK 6 gene signature was quantified using NanoString and correlated with clinical outcomes. Two components of the gene signature were investigated by gene silencing in BRAF/NRAS wild-type melanoma cells. Results In melanomas of patients on the selumetinib but not the placebo arm, two gene signature components, dual-specificity protein phosphatase 4 (DUSP4) and ETS translocation variant 4 (ETV4), were expressed more highly in responders than non-responders. In vitro, ETV4 depletion inhibited cell survival but did not influence sensitivity to MEKi selumetinib or trametinib. In contrast, DUSP4-depleted cells showed enhanced cell survival and increased resistance to both selumetinib and trametinib. Conclusions ETV4 and DUSP4 associated with clinical response to docetaxel plus selumetinib. DUSP4 depletion induced MEKi resistance, suggesting that DUSP4 is not only a biomarker but also a mediator of MEKi sensitivity. Clinical Trial Registration DOC-MEK (EudraCT no: 2009-018153-23).
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash Gupta
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK. .,Department of Oncology, Old Road Campus Research Building, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Christopher Towers
- Department of Oncology, Old Road Campus Research Building, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Frances Willenbrock
- Department of Oncology, Old Road Campus Research Building, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Roz Brant
- Translational Science, Oncology iMED, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, UK
| | | | | | - Paul Smith
- Cancer BioSciences, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anthony Cutts
- Molecular Diagnostics Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Anna Schuh
- Department of Oncology, Old Road Campus Research Building, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Ruth Asher
- Department of Cellular Pathology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Kevin Myers
- Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Sharon Love
- Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Linda Collins
- Oncology Clinical Trials Office, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Adelyn Wise
- Oncology Clinical Trials Office, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Mark Roy Middleton
- Department of Oncology, Old Road Campus Research Building, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Valentine Moya Macaulay
- Department of Oncology, Old Road Campus Research Building, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
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16
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Carm KT, Hoff AM, Bakken AC, Axcrona U, Axcrona K, Lothe RA, Skotheim RI, Løvf M. Interfocal heterogeneity challenges the clinical usefulness of molecular classification of primary prostate cancer. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13579. [PMID: 31537872 PMCID: PMC6753093 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49964-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease and typically multiple distinct cancer foci are present at primary diagnosis. Molecular classification of prostate cancer can potentially aid the precision of diagnosis and treatment. A promising genomic classifier was published by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), successfully classifying 74% of primary prostate cancers into seven groups based on one cancer sample per patient. Here, we explore the clinical usefulness of this classification by testing the classifier’s performance in a multifocal context. We analyzed 106 cancer samples from 85 distinct cancer foci within 39 patients. By somatic mutation data from whole-exome sequencing and targeted qualitative and quantitative gene expression assays, 31% of the patients were uniquely classified into one of the seven TCGA classes. Further, different samples from the same focus had conflicting classification in 12% of the foci. In conclusion, the level of both intra- and interfocal heterogeneity is extensive and must be taken into consideration in the development of clinically useful molecular classification of primary prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Totland Carm
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Andreas M Hoff
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne Cathrine Bakken
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ulrika Axcrona
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Karol Axcrona
- Department of Urology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Ragnhild A Lothe
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rolf I Skotheim
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway. .,Department of Informatics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Marthe Løvf
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
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17
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Segalés L, Juanpere N, Lorenzo M, Albero-González R, Fumadó L, Cecchini L, Bellmunt J, Lloreta-Trull J, Hernández-Llodrà S. Strong cytoplasmic ETV1 expression has a negative impact on prostate cancer outcome. Virchows Arch 2019; 475:457-466. [DOI: 10.1007/s00428-019-02573-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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18
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Hellwege JN, Stallings S, Torstenson ES, Carroll R, Borthwick KM, Brilliant MH, Crosslin D, Gordon A, Hripcsak G, Jarvik GP, Linneman JG, Devi P, Peissig PL, Sleiman PAM, Hakonarson H, Ritchie MD, Verma SS, Shang N, Denny JC, Roden DM, Velez Edwards DR, Edwards TL. Heritability and genome-wide association study of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in the eMERGE network. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6077. [PMID: 30988330 PMCID: PMC6465359 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42427-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) results in a significant public health burden due to the morbidity caused by the disease and many of the available remedies. As much as 70% of men over 70 will develop BPH. Few studies have been conducted to discover the genetic determinants of BPH risk. Understanding the biological basis for this condition may provide necessary insight for development of novel pharmaceutical therapies or risk prediction. We have evaluated SNP-based heritability of BPH in two cohorts and conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of BPH risk using 2,656 cases and 7,763 controls identified from the Electronic Medical Records and Genomics (eMERGE) network. SNP-based heritability estimates suggest that roughly 60% of the phenotypic variation in BPH is accounted for by genetic factors. We used logistic regression to model BPH risk as a function of principal components of ancestry, age, and imputed genotype data, with meta-analysis performed using METAL. The top result was on chromosome 22 in SYN3 at rs2710383 (p-value = 4.6 × 10-7; Odds Ratio = 0.69, 95% confidence interval = 0.55-0.83). Other suggestive signals were near genes GLGC, UNCA13, SORCS1 and between BTBD3 and SPTLC3. We also evaluated genetically-predicted gene expression in prostate tissue. The most significant result was with increasing predicted expression of ETV4 (chr17; p-value = 0.0015). Overexpression of this gene has been associated with poor prognosis in prostate cancer. In conclusion, although there were no genome-wide significant variants identified for BPH susceptibility, we present evidence supporting the heritability of this phenotype, have identified suggestive signals, and evaluated the association between BPH and genetically-predicted gene expression in prostate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacklyn N Hellwege
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Sarah Stallings
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Meharry-Vanderbilt Alliance, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Eric S Torstenson
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Robert Carroll
- Department of Biomedical Informatics Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Murray H Brilliant
- Center for Human Genetics, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, WI, USA
| | - David Crosslin
- Department of Biomedical Informatics and Medical Education, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Adam Gordon
- Division of Medical Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - George Hripcsak
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Medical Informatics Services, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gail P Jarvik
- Departments of Medicine (Medical Genetics) and Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - James G Linneman
- Office of Research Computing and Analytics/Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, WI, USA
| | - Parimala Devi
- Department of Biomedical Informatics and Medical Education, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Peggy L Peissig
- Center for Computational and Biomedical Informatics, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, WI, USA
| | - Patrick A M Sleiman
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marylyn D Ritchie
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Ning Shang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Josh C Denny
- Department of Biomedical Informatics Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Dan M Roden
- Department of Biomedical Informatics Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Digna R Velez Edwards
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Informatics Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Division of Quantitative Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Todd L Edwards
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
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19
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Berral-Gonzalez A, Riffo-Campos AL, Ayala G. OMICfpp: a fuzzy approach for paired RNA-Seq counts. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:259. [PMID: 30940089 PMCID: PMC6444640 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5496-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND RNA sequencing is a widely used technology for differential expression analysis. However, the RNA-Seq do not provide accurate absolute measurements and the results can be different for each pipeline used. The major problem in statistical analysis of RNA-Seq and in the omics data in general, is the small sample size with respect to the large number of variables. In addition, experimental design must be taken into account and few tools consider it. RESULTS We propose OMICfpp, a method for the statistical analysis of RNA-Seq paired design data. First, we obtain a p-value for each case-control pair using a binomial test. These p-values are aggregated using an ordered weighted average (OWA) with a given orness previously chosen. The aggregated p-value from the original data is compared with the aggregated p-value obtained using the same method applied to random pairs. These new pairs are generated using between-pairs and complete randomization distributions. This randomization p-value is used as a raw p-value to test the differential expression of each gene. The OMICfpp method is evaluated using public data sets of 68 sample pairs from patients with colorectal cancer. We validate our results through bibliographic search of the reported genes and using simulated data set. Furthermore, we compared our results with those obtained by the methods edgeR and DESeq2 for paired samples. Finally, we propose new target genes to validate these as gene expression signatures in colorectal cancer. OMICfpp is available at http://www.uv.es/ayala/software/OMICfpp_0.2.tar.gz . CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that OMICfpp is an accurate method for differential expression analysis in RNA-Seq data with paired design. In addition, we propose the use of randomized p-values pattern graphic as a powerful and robust method to select the target genes for experimental validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Berral-Gonzalez
- Grupo de Investigación Bioinformática y Genómica Funcional. Laboratorio 19. Centro de Investigación del Cáncer (CiC-IBMCC, Universidad de Salamanca-CSIC, Campus Universitario Miguel de Unamuno s/n, Salamanca, 37007 Spain
| | - Angela L. Riffo-Campos
- Universidad de La Frontera. Centro De Excelencia de Modelación y Computación Científica, C/ Montevideo 740, Temuco, Chile
| | - Guillermo Ayala
- Universidad de Valencia. Departamento de Estadística e Investigación Operativa, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés, 1, Burjasot, 46100 Spain
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20
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Nicholas TR, Strittmatter BG, Hollenhorst PC. Oncogenic ETS Factors in Prostate Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1210:409-436. [PMID: 31900919 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-32656-2_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is unique among carcinomas in that a fusion gene created by a chromosomal rearrangement is a common driver of the disease. The TMPRSS2/ERG rearrangement drives aberrant expression of the ETS family transcription factor ERG in 50% of prostate tumors. Similar rearrangements promote aberrant expression of the ETS family transcription factors ETV1 and ETV4 in another 10% of cases. Together, these three ETS factors are thought to promote tumorigenesis in the majority of prostate cancers. A goal of precision medicine is to be able to apply targeted therapeutics that are specific to disease subtypes. ETS gene rearrangement positive tumors represent the largest molecular subtype of prostate cancer, but to date there is no treatment specific to this marker. In this chapter we will review the latest findings regarding the molecular mechanisms of ETS factor function in the prostate. These molecular details may provide a path towards new therapeutic targets for this subtype of prostate cancer. Further, we will describe efforts to target the oncogenic functions of ETS family transcription factors directly as well as indirectly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brady G Strittmatter
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Peter C Hollenhorst
- Medical Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, IN, USA.
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21
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Cardoso M, Maia S, Paulo P, Teixeira MR. Oncogenic mechanisms of HOXB13 missense mutations in prostate carcinogenesis. Oncoscience 2016; 3:288-296. [PMID: 28050579 PMCID: PMC5116946 DOI: 10.18632/oncoscience.322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The recurrent germline mutation HOXB13 p.(Gly84Glu) (G84E) has recently been identified as a risk factor for prostate cancer. In a recent study, we have performed full sequencing of the HOXB13 gene in 462 Portuguese prostate cancer patients with early-onset and/or familial/hereditary disease, and identified two novel missense mutations, p.(Ala128Asp) (A128D) and p.(Phe240Leu) (F240L), that were predicted to be damaging to protein function. In the present work we aimed to investigate the potential oncogenic role of these mutations, comparing to that of the recurrent G84E mutation and wild-type HOXB13. We induced site-directed mutagenesis in a HOXB13 expression vector and established in vitro cell models of prostate carcinogenesis with stable overexpression of either the wild-type or the mutated HOXB13 variants. By performing in vitro assays we observed that, while the wild-type promotes proliferation, also observed with the F240L variant along with a decrease in apoptosis, the A128D mutation decreases apoptosis and promotes anchorage independent growth. No phenotypic impact was observed for the G84E mutation in the cell line model used. Our data show that specific HOXB13 mutations are involved in the acquisition of different cancer-associated capabilities and further support an oncogenic role for HOXB13 in prostate carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Cardoso
- Cancer Genetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sofia Maia
- Cancer Genetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Paulo
- Cancer Genetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel R Teixeira
- Cancer Genetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; Department of Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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22
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Brägelmann J, Klümper N, Offermann A, von Mässenhausen A, Böhm D, Deng M, Queisser A, Sanders C, Syring I, Merseburger AS, Vogel W, Sievers E, Vlasic I, Carlsson J, Andrén O, Brossart P, Duensing S, Svensson MA, Shaikhibrahim Z, Kirfel J, Perner S. Pan-Cancer Analysis of the Mediator Complex Transcriptome Identifies CDK19 and CDK8 as Therapeutic Targets in Advanced Prostate Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 23:1829-1840. [PMID: 27678455 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: The Mediator complex is a multiprotein assembly, which serves as a hub for diverse signaling pathways to regulate gene expression. Because gene expression is frequently altered in cancer, a systematic understanding of the Mediator complex in malignancies could foster the development of novel targeted therapeutic approaches.Experimental Design: We performed a systematic deconvolution of the Mediator subunit expression profiles across 23 cancer entities (n = 8,568) using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Prostate cancer-specific findings were validated in two publicly available gene expression cohorts and a large cohort of primary and advanced prostate cancer (n = 622) stained by immunohistochemistry. The role of CDK19 and CDK8 was evaluated by siRNA-mediated gene knockdown and inhibitor treatment in prostate cancer cell lines with functional assays and gene expression analysis by RNAseq.Results: Cluster analysis of TCGA expression data segregated tumor entities, indicating tumor-type-specific Mediator complex compositions. Only prostate cancer was marked by high expression of CDK19 In primary prostate cancer, CDK19 was associated with increased aggressiveness and shorter disease-free survival. During cancer progression, highest levels of CDK19 and of its paralog CDK8 were present in metastases. In vitro, inhibition of CDK19 and CDK8 by knockdown or treatment with a selective CDK8/CDK19 inhibitor significantly decreased migration and invasion.Conclusions: Our analysis revealed distinct transcriptional expression profiles of the Mediator complex across cancer entities indicating differential modes of transcriptional regulation. Moreover, it identified CDK19 and CDK8 to be specifically overexpressed during prostate cancer progression, highlighting their potential as novel therapeutic targets in advanced prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 23(7); 1829-40. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Brägelmann
- Section for Prostate Cancer Research, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Niklas Klümper
- Pathology of the University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck and the Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Lübeck and Borstel, Germany
| | - Anne Offermann
- Pathology of the University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck and the Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Lübeck and Borstel, Germany
| | - Anne von Mässenhausen
- Section for Prostate Cancer Research, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Diana Böhm
- Pathology of the University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck and the Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Lübeck and Borstel, Germany
| | - Mario Deng
- Pathology of the University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck and the Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Lübeck and Borstel, Germany
| | - Angela Queisser
- Section for Prostate Cancer Research, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christine Sanders
- Pathology of the University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck and the Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Lübeck and Borstel, Germany
| | - Isabella Syring
- Section for Prostate Cancer Research, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Axel S Merseburger
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Wenzel Vogel
- Pathology of the University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck and the Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Lübeck and Borstel, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Sievers
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ignacija Vlasic
- Pathology of the University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck and the Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Lübeck and Borstel, Germany
| | - Jessica Carlsson
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Ove Andrén
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Peter Brossart
- Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Duensing
- Molecular Uro-oncology, Department of Urology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maria A Svensson
- Department of Research and Education, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Zaki Shaikhibrahim
- Pathology of the University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck and the Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Lübeck and Borstel, Germany
| | - Jutta Kirfel
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sven Perner
- Pathology of the University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck and the Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Lübeck and Borstel, Germany.
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23
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Koh B, Hufford MM, Pham D, Olson MR, Wu T, Jabeen R, Sun X, Kaplan MH. The ETS Family Transcription Factors Etv5 and PU.1 Function in Parallel To Promote Th9 Cell Development. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 197:2465-72. [PMID: 27496971 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1502383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The IL-9-secreting Th9 subset of CD4 Th cells develop in response to an environment containing IL-4 and TGF-β, promoting allergic disease, autoimmunity, and resistance to pathogens. We previously identified a requirement for the ETS family transcription factor PU.1 in Th9 development. In this report, we demonstrate that the ETS transcription factor ETS variant 5 (ETV5) promotes IL-9 production in Th9 cells by binding and recruiting histone acetyltransferases to the Il9 locus at sites distinct from PU.1. In cells that are deficient in both PU.1 and ETV5 there is lower IL-9 production than in cells lacking either factor alone. In vivo loss of PU.1 and ETV5 in T cells results in distinct effects on allergic inflammation in the lung, suggesting that these factors function in parallel. Together, these data define a role for ETV5 in Th9 development and extend the paradigm of related transcription factors having complementary functions during differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byunghee Koh
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Matthew M Hufford
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Duy Pham
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Matthew R Olson
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Tong Wu
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202; and
| | - Rukhsana Jabeen
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Xin Sun
- Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Mark H Kaplan
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202;
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24
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Santos J, Mesquita D, Barros-Silva JD, Jerónimo C, Henrique R, Morais A, Paulo P, Teixeira MR. Uncovering potential downstream targets of oncogenic GRPR overexpression in prostate carcinomas harboring ETS rearrangements. Oncoscience 2015; 2:497-507. [PMID: 26097883 PMCID: PMC4468336 DOI: 10.18632/oncoscience.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) is known to be overexpressed in several human malignancies, including prostate cancer, and has been implicated in multiple important neoplastic signaling pathways. We recently have shown that GRPR is an ERG and ETV1 target gene in prostate cancer, using a genome-wide scale and exon-level expression microarray platform. Due to its cellular localization, the relevance of its function and the availability of blocking agents, GRPR seems to be a promising candidate as therapeutic target. Our present work shows that effective knockdown of GRPR in LNCaP and VCaP cells attenuates their malignant phenotype by decreasing proliferation, invasion and anchorage-independent growth, while increasing apoptosis. Using an antibody microarray we were able to validate known and identify new targets of GRPR pathway, namely AKT1, PKCε, TYK2 and MST1. Finally, we show that overexpression of these GRPR targets is restricted to prostate carcinomas harboring ERG and/or ETV1 rearrangements, establishing their potential as therapeutic targets for these particular molecular subsets of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Santos
- Department of Genetics and Cancer Genetics Group - CI-IPOP, Portuguese Oncology Institute-Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, Porto, Portugal
| | - Diana Mesquita
- Department of Genetics and Cancer Genetics Group - CI-IPOP, Portuguese Oncology Institute-Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, Porto, Portugal
| | - João D Barros-Silva
- Department of Genetics and Cancer Genetics Group - CI-IPOP, Portuguese Oncology Institute-Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carmen Jerónimo
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group - CI-IPOP, Portuguese Oncology Institute-Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, Porto, Portugal ; Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Henrique
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group - CI-IPOP, Portuguese Oncology Institute-Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, Porto, Portugal ; Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute-Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, Porto, Portugal ; Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, Porto, Portugal
| | - António Morais
- Department of Urology, Portuguese Oncology Institute-Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Paulo
- Department of Genetics and Cancer Genetics Group - CI-IPOP, Portuguese Oncology Institute-Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel R Teixeira
- Department of Genetics and Cancer Genetics Group - CI-IPOP, Portuguese Oncology Institute-Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, Porto, Portugal ; Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, Porto, Portugal
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