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Valenta Šobot A, Drakulić D, Todorović A, Janić M, Božović A, Todorović L, Filipović Tričković J. Gentiopicroside and swertiamarin induce non-selective oxidative stress-mediated cytotoxic effects in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Chem Biol Interact 2024:111103. [PMID: 38852899 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.111103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Gentiopicroside (Gp) and swertiamarin (Sm), secoiridoid glycosides commonly found in plants of the Gentianaceae family, differ in one functional group. They exhibit promising cytotoxic effects in cancer cell lines and overall protective outcomes, marking them as promising molecules for developing novel pharmaceuticals. To investigate potential variations in cellular sensitivity to compounds of similar molecular structures, we analyzed the mode of Gp and Sm induced cell death in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) after 48 hours of treatment. The lowest tested concentration that significantly reduces cell viability, 50 μM, was applied. Oxidative stress parameters were estimated by measuring the levels of prooxidative/antioxidative balance, lipid peroxidation products, and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2-deoxyguanosine, while gene expression of DNA repair enzymes was evaluated by employing quantitative real-time PCR. Cellular morphology was analyzed by fluorescent microscopy, and immunoblot analysis of apoptosis and necroptosis-related proteins was used to assess the type of cell death induced by the treatments. The discriminatory impact of Gp/Sm treatments on apoptosis and necroptosis-induced cell death was evaluated by monitoring the cell survival in co-treatment with specific cell death inhibitors. Obtained results show greater cytotoxicity of Gp than Sm suggesting that variations in the molecular structures of the tested compounds can substantially affect their biological effects. Gp/Sm co-treatment with apoptosis and necroptosis inhibitors revealed a distinct, albeit non-specific mechanism of PBMCs cell death. Although the therapeutic may not directly cause a specific type of cell death, its extent can be pivotal in assessing the safety of therapeutic application and developing phytopharmaceuticals with improved features. Since phytopharmaceuticals affect all exposed cells, identification of cytotoxic mechanisms on PBMCs after Gp and Sm treatment is important for addressing the formulation and dosage of potential phytopharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Valenta Šobot
- "VINČA" Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of thе Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12-14, 11351 Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Dunja Drakulić
- "VINČA" Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of thе Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12-14, 11351 Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Ana Todorović
- "VINČA" Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of thе Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12-14, 11351 Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Marijana Janić
- "VINČA" Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of thе Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12-14, 11351 Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Ana Božović
- "VINČA" Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of thе Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12-14, 11351 Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Lidija Todorović
- "VINČA" Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of thе Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12-14, 11351 Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Jelena Filipović Tričković
- "VINČA" Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of thе Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12-14, 11351 Belgrade, Republic of Serbia.
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Levi-D'Ancona E, Sidarala V, Soleimanpour SA. Complementary Approaches to Interrogate Mitophagy Flux in Pancreatic β-Cells. J Vis Exp 2023:10.3791/65789. [PMID: 37782087 PMCID: PMC10597842 DOI: 10.3791/65789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitophagy is a quality control mechanism necessary to maintain optimal mitochondrial function. Dysfunctional β-cell mitophagy results in insufficient insulin release. Advanced quantitative assessments of mitophagy often require the use of genetic reporters. The mt-Keima mouse model, which expresses a mitochondria-targeted pH-sensitive dual-excitation ratiometric probe for quantifying mitophagy via flow cytometry, has been optimized in β-cells. The ratio of acidic-to-neutral mt-Keima wavelength emissions can be used to robustly quantify mitophagy. However, using genetic mitophagy reporters can be challenging when working with complex genetic mouse models or difficult-to-transfect cells, such as primary human islets. This protocol describes a novel complementary dye-based method to quantify β-cell mitophagy in primary islets using MtPhagy. MtPhagy is a pH-sensitive, cell-permeable dye that accumulates in the mitochondria and increases its fluorescence intensity when mitochondria are in low pH environments, such as lysosomes during mitophagy. By combining the MtPhagy dye with Fluozin-3-AM, a Zn2+ indicator that selects for β-cells, and Tetramethylrhodamine, ethyl ester (TMRE) to assess mitochondrial membrane potential, mitophagy flux can be quantified specifically in β-cells via flow cytometry. These two approaches are highly complementary, allowing for flexibility and precision in assessing mitochondrial quality control in numerous β-cell models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Levi-D'Ancona
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School
| | - Vaibhav Sidarala
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Scott A Soleimanpour
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System;
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Tsyba N, Feng G, Grub LK, Held JP, Strozak AM, Burkewitz K, Patel MR. Tissue-specific heteroplasmy segregation is accompanied by a sharp mtDNA decline in Caenorhabditis elegans soma. iScience 2023; 26:106349. [PMID: 36968071 PMCID: PMC10031119 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) can be pathogenic. Owing to the multi-copy nature of mtDNA, wild-type copies can compensate for the effects of mutant mtDNA. Wild-type copies available for compensation vary depending on the mutant load and the total copy number. Here, we examine both mutant load and copy number in the tissues of Caenorhabditis elegans. We found that neurons, but not muscles, have modestly higher mutant load than rest of the soma. We also uncovered different effect of aak-2 knockout on the mutant load in the two tissues. The most surprising result was a sharp decline in somatic mtDNA content over time. The scale of the copy number decline surpasses the modest shifts in mutant load, suggesting that it may exert a substantial effect on mitochondrial function. In summary, measuring both the copy number and the mutant load provides a more comprehensive view of the mutant mtDNA dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Tsyba
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Gaomin Feng
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN37232, USA
| | - Lantana K. Grub
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - James P. Held
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Adrianna M. Strozak
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Kristopher Burkewitz
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN37232, USA
| | - Maulik R. Patel
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN37232, USA
- Diabetes Research and Training Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN37232, USA
- Evolutionary Studies, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN37235, USA
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Xiao Z, Deng S, Liu H, Wang R, Liu Y, Dai Z, Gu W, Ni Q, Yu X, Liu C, Luo G. Glutamine deprivation induces ferroptosis in pancreatic cancer cells. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2023; 55:1288-1300. [PMID: 36942991 PMCID: PMC10449637 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2023029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a type of programmed cell death closely related to amino acid metabolism. Pancreatic cancer cells have a strong dependence on glutamine, which serves as a carbon and nitrogen substrate to sustain rapid growth. Glutamine also aids in self-protection mechanisms. However, the effect of glutamine on ferroptosis in pancreatic cancer remains largely unknown. Here, we aim to explore the association between ferroptosis and glutamine deprivation in pancreatic cancer. The growth of pancreatic cancer cells in culture media with or without glutamine is evaluated using Cell Counting Kit-8. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are measured by 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate staining. Ferroptosis is assessed by BODIPY-C11 dye using confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. Amino acid concentrations are measured using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Isotope-labelled metabolic flux analysis is performed to track the metabolic flow of glutamine. Additionally, RNA sequencing is performed to analyse the genetic alterations. Glutamine deprivation inhibits pancreatic cancer growth and induces ferroptosis both in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, glutamine decreases ROS formation via glutathione production in pancreatic cancer cells. Interestingly, glutamine inhibitors (diazooxonorleucine and azaserine) promotes ROS formation and ferroptosis in pancreatic cancer cells. Furthermore, ferrostatin, a ferroptosis inhibitor, rescues ferroptosis in pancreatic cancer cells. Glutamine deprivation leads to changes in molecular pathways, including cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathways ( CCL5, CCR4, LTA, CXCR4, IL-6R, and IL-7R). Thus, exogenous glutamine is required for the detoxification of ROS in pancreatic cancer cells, thereby preventing ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Xiao
- Department of Pancreatic SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai200032China
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan University; Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer InstituteShanghai200032China
- Pancreatic Cancer InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Shengming Deng
- Department of Pancreatic SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai200032China
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan University; Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer InstituteShanghai200032China
- Pancreatic Cancer InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - He Liu
- Department of Pancreatic SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai200032China
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan University; Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer InstituteShanghai200032China
- Pancreatic Cancer InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Ruijie Wang
- Department of Pancreatic SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai200032China
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan University; Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer InstituteShanghai200032China
- Pancreatic Cancer InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Pancreatic SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai200032China
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan University; Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer InstituteShanghai200032China
- Pancreatic Cancer InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Zhengjie Dai
- Department of Pancreatic SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai200032China
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan University; Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer InstituteShanghai200032China
- Pancreatic Cancer InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Wenchao Gu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear MedicineGunma University Graduate School of MedicineMaebashiGunma371-8511Japan
| | - Quanxing Ni
- Department of Pancreatic SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai200032China
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan University; Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer InstituteShanghai200032China
- Pancreatic Cancer InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Xianjun Yu
- Department of Pancreatic SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai200032China
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan University; Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer InstituteShanghai200032China
- Pancreatic Cancer InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Pancreatic SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai200032China
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan University; Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer InstituteShanghai200032China
- Pancreatic Cancer InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Guopei Luo
- Department of Pancreatic SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai200032China
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan University; Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer InstituteShanghai200032China
- Pancreatic Cancer InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
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Dave A, Nekritz E, Charytonowicz D, Beaumont M, Smith M, Beaumont K, Silva J, Sebra R. Integration of Single-Cell Transcriptomics With a High Throughput Functional Screening Assay to Resolve Cell Type, Growth Kinetics, and Stemness Heterogeneity Within the Comma-1D Cell Line. Front Genet 2022; 13:894597. [PMID: 36630696 PMCID: PMC9237515 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.894597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell lines are one of the most frequently implemented model systems in life sciences research as they provide reproducible high throughput testing. Differentiation of cell cultures varies by line and, in some cases, can result in functional modifications within a population. Although research is increasingly dependent on these in vitro model systems, the heterogeneity within cell lines has not been thoroughly investigated. Here, we have leveraged high throughput single-cell assays to investigate the Comma-1D mouse cell line that is known to differentiate in culture. Using scRNASeq and custom single-cell phenotype assays, we resolve the clonal heterogeneity within the referenced cell line on the genomic and functional level. We performed a cohesive analysis of the transcriptome of 5,195 sequenced cells, of which 85.3% of the total reads successfully mapped to the mm10-3.0.0 reference genome. Across multiple gene expression analysis pipelines, both luminal and myoepithelial lineages were observed. Deep differential gene expression analysis revealed eight subclusters identified as luminal progenitor, luminal differentiated, myoepithelial differentiated, and fibroblast subpopulations-suggesting functional clustering within each lineage. Gene expression of published mammary stem cell (MaSC) markers Epcam, Cd49f, and Sca-1 was detected across the population, with 116 (2.23%) sequenced cells expressing all three markers. To gain insight into functional heterogeneity, cells with patterned MaSC marker expression were isolated and phenotypically investigated through a custom single-cell high throughput assay. The comparison of growth kinetics demonstrates functional heterogeneity within each cell cluster while also illustrating significant limitations in current cell isolation methods. We outlined the upstream use of our novel automated cell identification platform-to be used prior to single-cell culture-for reduced cell stress and improved rare cell identification and capture. Through compounding single-cell pipelines, we better reveal the heterogeneity within Comma-1D to identify subpopulations with specific functional characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpit Dave
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Erin Nekritz
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, United States
| | - Daniel Charytonowicz
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Michael Beaumont
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States,Icahn Genomics Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Melissa Smith
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Kristin Beaumont
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States,Icahn Genomics Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jose Silva
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, United States
| | - Robert Sebra
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States,Icahn Genomics Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States,Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States,Center for Advanced Genomics Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States,Sema4, A Mount Sinai Venture, Stamford, CT, United States,*Correspondence: Robert Sebra,
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6
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Wu Q, Tian AL, Li B, Leduc M, Forveille S, Hamley P, Galloway W, Xie W, Liu P, Zhao L, Zhang S, Hui P, Madeo F, Tu Y, Kepp O, Kroemer G. IGF1 receptor inhibition amplifies the effects of cancer drugs by autophagy and immune-dependent mechanisms. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:e002722. [PMID: 34127545 PMCID: PMC8204183 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-002722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pharmacological autophagy enhancement constitutes a preclinically validated strategy for preventing or treating most major age-associated diseases. Driven by this consideration, we performed a high-content/high-throughput screen on 65 000 distinct compounds on a robotized fluorescence microscopy platform to identify novel autophagy inducers. RESULTS Here, we report the discovery of picropodophyllin (PPP) as a potent inducer of autophagic flux that acts on-target, as an inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase activity of the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R). Thus, PPP lost its autophagy-stimulatory activity in cells engineered to lack IGF1R or to express a constitutively active AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (AKT1) mutant. When administered to cancer-bearing mice, PPP improved the therapeutic efficacy of chemoimmunotherapy with a combination of immunogenic cytotoxicants and programmed cell death 1 (PDCD1, better known as PD-1) blockade. These PPP effects were lost when tumors were rendered PPP-insensitive or autophagy-incompetent. In combination with chemotherapy, PPP enhanced the infiltration of tumors by cytotoxic T lymphocytes, while reducing regulatory T cells. In human triple-negative breast cancer patients, the activating phosphorylation of IGF1R correlated with inhibited autophagy, an unfavorable local immune profile, and poor prognosis. CONCLUSION Altogether, these results suggest that IGF1R may constitute a novel and druggable therapeutic target for the treatment of cancer in conjunction with chemoimmunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Ai-Ling Tian
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Paris Saclay, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Bei Li
- Department of Pathology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Marion Leduc
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Sabrina Forveille
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | | | | | - Wei Xie
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Peng Liu
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Liwei Zhao
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Paris Saclay, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Pan Hui
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Paris Saclay, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Frank Madeo
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Yi Tu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Oliver Kepp
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Suzhou Institute for Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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7
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Heat shock increases levels of reactive oxygen species, autophagy and apoptosis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1868:118924. [PMID: 33301820 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Hyperthermia is a promising anticancer treatment used in combination with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Temperatures above 41.5 °C are cytotoxic and hyperthermia treatments can target a localized area of the body that has been invaded by a tumor. However, non-lethal temperatures (39-41 °C) can increase cellular defenses, such as heat shock proteins. This adaptive survival response, thermotolerance, can protect cells against subsequent cytotoxic stress such as anticancer treatments and heat shock (>41.5 °C). Autophagy is another survival process that is activated by stress. This study aims to determine whether autophagy can be activated by heat shock at 42 °C, and if this response is mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Autophagy was increased during shorter heating times (<60 min) at 42 °C in cells. Levels of acidic vesicular organelles (AVO) and autophagy proteins Beclin-1, LC3-II/LC-3I, Atg7 and Atg12-Atg5 were increased. Heat shock at 42 °C increased levels of ROS. Increased levels of LC3 and AVOs at 42 °C were inhibited by antioxidants. Therefore, increased autophagy during heat shock at 42 °C (<60 min) was mediated by ROS. Conversely, heat shock at 42 °C for longer times (1-3 h) caused apoptosis and activation of caspases in the mitochondrial, death receptor and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) pathways. Thermotolerant cells, which were developed at 40 °C, were resistant to activation of apoptosis at 42 °C. Autophagy inhibitors 3-methyladenine and bafilomycin sensitized cells to activation of apoptosis by heat shock (42 °C). Improved understanding of autophagy in cellular responses to heat shock could be useful for optimizing the efficacy of hyperthermia in the clinic.
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Sun Q, Meng M, Steed JN, Sidow SJ, Bergeron BE, Niu LN, Ma JZ, Tay FR. Manoeuvrability and biocompatibility of endodontic tricalcium silicate-based putties. J Dent 2020; 104:103530. [PMID: 33220332 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2020.103530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study evaluated the indentation depth, storage modulus and biocompatibility of an experimental endodontic putty designed for endodontic perforation repair and direct pulp-capping (NeoPutty). The results were compared with the properties associated with the commercially available EndoSequence BC RRM Putty (ES Putty). METHODS Indentation depth was measured by a profilometer following indentation with the 1/4 lb Gilmore needle. Elastic modulus was evaluated using a strain-controlled rheometer. The effects of eluents derived from these two putties were examined on the viability and proliferation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) and human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (hPDLFs), before (1 st testing cycle) and after complete setting (2nd testing cycle). RESULTS The ES Putty became more difficult to ident and acquired a larger storage modulus after exposure to atmospheric moisture. Biocompatibility results indicated that both putties were relatively more cytotoxic than the bioinert Teflon negative control, but much less cytotoxic than the zinc oxide-eugenol cement negative control. NeoPutty was less cytotoxic than ES putty in the 1st testing cycle, particularly with hDPSCs. Both putties exhibited more favourable cytotoxicity profiles after complete setting. CONCLUSIONS NeoPutty has a better window of maneuverability after exposure to atmospheric moisture. From an in vitro cytotoxicity perspective, the NeoPutty may be considered more biocompatible than ES putty. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The experimental NeoPutty is biocompatible and is capable of reducing the frustration of shortened shelf life when jar-stored endodontic putties are exposed to atmospheric moisture during repeated opening of the lid for clinical retrieval.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Sun
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Meng Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jeffrey N Steed
- Department of Endodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Stephanie J Sidow
- Department of Endodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Brian E Bergeron
- Department of Endodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Li-Na Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Jing-Zhi Ma
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Franklin R Tay
- Department of Endodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
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9
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Chow-Shi-Yée M, Grondin M, Ouellet F, Averill-Bates DA. Control of stress-induced apoptosis by freezing tolerance-associated wheat proteins during cryopreservation of rat hepatocytes. Cell Stress Chaperones 2020; 25:869-886. [PMID: 32529603 PMCID: PMC7591654 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-020-01115-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cryopreservation is used for long-term storage of cells and tissues. Cryoprotectants such as dimethyl disulfoxide (DMSO) are used to protect cells against freeze-thaw damage. Despite the use of cryoprotectants, hepatocytes are sensitive to stresses imposed by freeze and thaw processes, which cause physical damage, loss of functionality, or cell death. As an alternative, we have developed new technology using several recombinant wheat proteins as cryoprotectants: TaENO (enolase), TaBAS1 (2-Cys peroxiredoxin), and a combination of WCS120 (dehydrin) with TaIRI-2 (inhibitor of ice recrystallization). This study aims to understand the mechanisms by which these plant proteins protect rat hepatocytes against cell death incurred during cryopreservation. Our analysis revealed that for cells cryopreserved with DMSO, cell death occurred by apoptosis and necrosis. Apoptosis was detected by activation of effector caspases-3 and -7, PARP cleavage, and nuclear chromatin condensation. These apoptotic events were inhibited when hepatocytes were cryopreserved with the different plant proteins. Cryopreservation with DMSO activated apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway: the Bax/Bcl-2 protein ratio increased, mitochondrial membrane potential decreased, and initiator caspase-9 was activated. Furthermore, the endoplasmic reticulum pathway of apoptosis was activated: levels of the chaperone Bip/GRP78 decreased, pro-apoptotic transcription factor CHOP was induced, and initiator caspase-12 was activated. Activation of the mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum pathways of apoptosis was attenuated when hepatocytes were cryopreserved with the different recombinant proteins. This study improves understanding of mechanisms of cryoprotection provided by these plant proteins during freezing stress. These proteins are natural products and show promising potential by decreasing cell death during cryopreservation of hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Chow-Shi-Yée
- Département des Sciences biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Melanie Grondin
- Département des Sciences biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Francois Ouellet
- Département des Sciences biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Diana A Averill-Bates
- Département des Sciences biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada.
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10
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Ding M, Baker D. Recent advances in high-throughput flow cytometry for drug discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2020; 16:303-317. [PMID: 33054417 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2021.1826433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION High-throughput flow cytometry (HTFC) has proven to be an important technology in drug discovery. The use of HTFC enables multi-parametric screening of suspension cells containing heterogenous cell populations and coated particles for screening proteins of interest. Novel targets, novel cell markers and compound clusters for drug development have been identified from HTFC screens. AREAS COVERED In this article, the authors focus on reviewing the recent HTFC applications reported during the last 5-6 years, including drug discovery screens and studies for immune, immune-oncology, infectious and inflammatory diseases. The main HTFC approaches, development of HTFC systems, and automated sample preparation systems for HTFC are also discussed. EXPERT OPINION The advance of HTFC technology coupled with automated sample acquisition and sample preparation has demonstrated its utility in screening large numbers of compounds using suspension cells, facilitated screening of disease-relevant human primary cells, and enabled deep understanding of mechanism of action by analyzing multiple parameters. The authors see HTFC as a very valuable tool in immune, immune-oncology, infectious and inflammatory diseases where immune cells play essential roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Ding
- Discovery Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - David Baker
- Discovery Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
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11
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Labuschagne CF, Cheung EC, Blagih J, Domart MC, Vousden KH. Cell Clustering Promotes a Metabolic Switch that Supports Metastatic Colonization. Cell Metab 2019; 30:720-734.e5. [PMID: 31447323 PMCID: PMC6863392 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2019.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis depends on cell survival following loss of extracellular matrix attachment and dissemination through the circulation. The metastatic spread can be enhanced by the clustering of detached cancer cells and increased antioxidant defense. Here, we link these responses by describing how cell clustering limits reactive oxygen species (ROS). Loss of attachment causes mitochondrial perturbations and increased ROS production. The formation of cell clusters induces a hypoxic environment that drives hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (Hif1α)-mediated mitophagy, clearing damaged mitochondria and limiting ROS. However, hypoxia and reduced mitochondrial capacity promote dependence on glycolysis for ATP production that is supported by cytosolic reductive metabolism. Preventing this metabolic adaptation or disruption of cell clusters results in ROS accumulation, cell death, and a reduction of metastatic capacity in vivo. Our results provide a mechanistic explanation for the role of cell clustering in supporting survival during extracellular matrix detachment and metastatic spread and may point to targetable vulnerabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eric C Cheung
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Julianna Blagih
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | | | - Karen H Vousden
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK.
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12
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Sassi K, Nury T, Zarrouk A, Sghaier R, Khalafi-Nezhad A, Vejux A, Samadi M, Aissa-Fennira FB, Lizard G. Induction of a non-apoptotic mode of cell death associated with autophagic characteristics with steroidal maleic anhydrides and 7β-hydroxycholesterol on glioma cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 191:105371. [PMID: 31034873 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2019.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Steroidal maleic anhydrides were prepared in one step: lithocholic, chenodeoxicholic, deoxicholic, ursocholic, and hyodeoxicholic acid derivatives. Their capability to induce cell death was studied on C6 rat glioma cells, and 7β-hydroxycholesterol was used as positive cytotoxic control. The highest cytotoxicity was observed with lithocholic and chenodeoxicholic acid derivatives (23-(4-methylfuran-2,5-dione)-3α-hydroxy-24-nor-5β-cholane (compound 1a), and 23-(4-methylfuran-2,5-dione)-3α,7α-dihydroxy-24-nor-5β-cholane (compound 1b), respectively), which induce a non-apoptotic mode of cell death associated with mitochondrial membrane potential loss and reactive oxygen species overproduction. No cells with condensed and/or fragmented nuclei, no PARP degradation and no cleaved-caspase-3, which are apoptotic criteria, were observed. Similar effects were found with 7β-hydroxycholesterol. The cell clonogenic survival assay showed that compound 1b was more cytotoxic than compound 1a and 7β-hydroxycholesterol. Compound 1b and 7β-hydroxycholesterol also induce cell cycle modifications. In addition, compounds 1a and 1b, and 7β-hydroxycholesterol favour the formation of large acidic vacuoles revealed by staining with acridine orange and monodansylcadaverine evocating autophagic vacuoles; they also induce an increased ratio of [LC3-II / LC3-I], and modify the expression of mTOR, Beclin-1, Atg12, and Atg5-Atg12 which is are autophagic criteria. The ratio [LC3-II / LC3-I] is also strongly modified by bafilomycin acting on the autophagic flux. Rapamycin, an autophagic inducer, and 3-methyladenine, an autophagic inhibitor, reduce and increase 7β-hydroxycholesterol-induced cell death, respectively, supporting that 7β-hydroxycholesterol induces survival autophagy. Alpha-tocopherol also strongly attenuates 7β-hydroxycholesterol-induced cell death. However, rapamycin, 3-methyladenine, and α-tocopherol have no effect on compounds 1a and 1b-induced cell death. It is concluded that these compounds trigger a non apoptotic mode of cell death, involving the mitochondria and associated with several characteristics of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sassi
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism' EA 7270 / Inserm, Dijon, France; Univ. Tunis El Manar, Laboratory of Onco-Hematology (LR05ES05), Faculty of Medicine, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - T Nury
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism' EA 7270 / Inserm, Dijon, France
| | - A Zarrouk
- Univ. Monastir, Lab-NAFS 'Nutrition - Functional Food & Vascular Health' (LR12ES05), Monastir, & Faculty of Medicine, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - R Sghaier
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism' EA 7270 / Inserm, Dijon, France; Univ. Monastir, Lab-NAFS 'Nutrition - Functional Food & Vascular Health' (LR12ES05), Monastir, & Faculty of Medicine, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Sousse, Tunisia; Univ. Manouba, Laboratory of Biotechnology and Valorisation of Bio-Geo Ressources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology (LR11ES31), Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - A Khalafi-Nezhad
- Dept. of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - A Vejux
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism' EA 7270 / Inserm, Dijon, France
| | - M Samadi
- LCPMC-A2, ICPM, Dept of Chemistry, Univ. Lorraine, Metz Technopôle, Metz, France.
| | - F Ben Aissa-Fennira
- Univ. Tunis El Manar, Laboratory of Onco-Hematology (LR05ES05), Faculty of Medicine, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - G Lizard
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism' EA 7270 / Inserm, Dijon, France.
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13
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Costa NLB, Carvalho CR, Clarindo WR. Improved Procedures to Assess Plant Protoplast Viability: Evidencing Cytological and Genomic Damage. CYTOLOGIA 2018. [DOI: 10.1508/cytologia.83.397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natália Layane Badaró Costa
- Laboratório de Citogenética e Citometria, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Viçosa
| | - Carlos Roberto Carvalho
- Laboratório de Citogenética e Citometria, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Viçosa
| | - Wellington Ronildo Clarindo
- Laboratório de Citogenética, Departamento de Biologia, Campus de Alegre, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
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14
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Zharkova O, Tay SH, Lee HY, Shubhita T, Ong WY, Lateef A, MacAry PA, Lim LHK, Connolly JE, Fairhurst AM. A Flow Cytometry-Based Assay for High-Throughput Detection and Quantification of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Mixed Cell Populations. Cytometry A 2018; 95:268-278. [PMID: 30549398 PMCID: PMC6590256 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are web‐like structures composed of decondensed chromatin and antimicrobial proteins that are released into the extracellular space during microbial infections. This active cell death program is known as NETosis. To date, florescence microscopy is the widely accepted method for visualization and quantification of NETs. However, this method is subjective, time consuming and yields low numbers of analyzed polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) per sample. Increasing interest has emerged on the identification of NETs using flow cytometry techniques. However, flow cytometry analysis of NETs requires particular precautions for sample preparation to obtain reproducible data. Herein, we describe a flow cytometry‐based assay for high‐throughput detection and quantification of NETosis in mixed cell populations. We used fluorescent‐labeled antibodies against cell markers on PMNs together with a combination of nucleic acid stains to measure NETosis in whole blood (WB) and purified PMNs. Using plasma membrane‐impermeable DNA‐binding dye, SYTOX Orange (SO), we found that cell‐appendant DNA of NETting PMNs were positive for SO and DAPI. The combination of optimally diluted antibody and nucleic acid dyes required no washing and yielded low background fluorescence. Significant correlations were found for NETosis from WB and purified PMNs. We then validated the assay by comparing with time‐lapse live cell fluorescence microscopy and determined very good intraassay and interassay variances. The assay was then applied to a disease associated with NETosis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We examined PMA‐induced NETosis in peripheral PMNs from SLE patients and controls and in bone marrow PMNs from multiple murine models. In summary, this assay is observer‐independent and allows for rapid assessment of a large number of PMNs per sample. Use of this assay does not require sophisticated microscopic equipment like imaging flow cytometers and may be a starting point to analyze extracellular trap formation from immune cells other than PMNs. © 2018 The Authors. Cytometry Part A published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Zharkova
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sen Hee Tay
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore.,Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore.,Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Hui Yin Lee
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Tripathi Shubhita
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Wei Yee Ong
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Aisha Lateef
- Department of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore.,Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Paul Anthony MacAry
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lina Hsiu Kim Lim
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - John Edward Connolly
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Anna-Marie Fairhurst
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
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15
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Martín-Maestro P, Gargini R, A Sproul A, García E, Antón LC, Noggle S, Arancio O, Avila J, García-Escudero V. Mitophagy Failure in Fibroblasts and iPSC-Derived Neurons of Alzheimer's Disease-Associated Presenilin 1 Mutation. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:291. [PMID: 28959184 PMCID: PMC5603661 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Familial Alzheimer’s disease (FAD) is clearly related with the accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) and its deleterious effect on mitochondrial function is well established. Anomalies in autophagy have also been described in these patients. In the present work, functional analyses have been performed to study mitochondrial recycling process in patient-derived fibroblasts and neurons from induced pluripotent stem cells harboring the presenilin 1 mutation A246E. Mitophagy impairment was observed due to a diminished autophagy degradation phase associated with lysosomal anomalies, thus causing the accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria labeled by Parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (PARK2). The failure of mitochondrial recycling by autophagy was enhanced in the patient-derived neuronal model. Our previous studies have demonstrated similar mitophagy impairment in sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (AD); therefore, our data indicate that mitophagy deficiency should be considered a common nexus between familial and sporadic cases of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Martín-Maestro
- Departamento de Neurobiología, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (UAM-CSIC)Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)Madrid, Spain.,Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell UniversityNew York, NY, United States
| | - Ricardo Gargini
- Departamento de Neurobiología, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (UAM-CSIC)Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrew A Sproul
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology and the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia UniversityNew York, NY, United States
| | - Esther García
- Departamento de Neurobiología, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (UAM-CSIC)Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis C Antón
- Departamento de Neurobiología, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (UAM-CSIC)Madrid, Spain
| | - Scott Noggle
- The New York Stem Cell FoundationNew York, NY, United States
| | - Ottavio Arancio
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology and the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia UniversityNew York, NY, United States
| | - Jesús Avila
- Departamento de Neurobiología, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (UAM-CSIC)Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)Madrid, Spain
| | - Vega García-Escudero
- Departamento de Neurobiología, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (UAM-CSIC)Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Anatomía, Histología y Neurociencia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadrid, Spain
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16
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Elnegaard MP, List M, Christiansen H, Schmidt S, Mollenhauer J, Block I. Protein-based nanotoxicology assessment strategy. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2017; 13:1229-1233. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2016.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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