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Su S, Chhabra G, Singh CK, Ndiaye MA, Ahmad N. PLK1 inhibition-based combination therapies for cancer management. Transl Oncol 2022; 16:101332. [PMID: 34973570 PMCID: PMC8728518 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Polo-like kinase I (PLK1), a cell cycle regulating kinase, has been shown to have oncogenic function in several cancers. Although PLK1 inhibitors, such as BI2536, BI6727 (volasertib) and NMS-1286937 (onvansertib) are generally well-tolerated with a favorable pharmacokinetic profile, clinical successes are limited due to partial responses in cancer patients, especially those in advanced stages. Recently, combination therapies targeting multiple pathways are being tested for cancer management. In this review, we first discuss structure and function of PLK1, role of PLK1 in cancers, PLK1 specific inhibitors, and advantages of using combination therapy versus monotherapy followed by a critical account on PLK1-based combination therapies in cancer treatments, especially highlighting recent advancements and challenges. PLK1 inhibitors in combination with chemotherapy drugs and targeted small molecules have shown superior effects against cancer both in vitro and in vivo. PLK1-based combination therapies have shown increased apoptosis, disrupted cell cycle, and potential to overcome resistance in cancer cells/tissues over monotherapies. Further, with successes in preclinical experiments, researchers are validating such approaches in clinical trials. Although PLK1-based combination therapies have achieved initial success in clinical studies, there are examples where they have failed to improve patient survival. Therefore, further research is needed to identify and validate novel biologically informed co-targets for PLK1-based combinatorial therapies. Employing a network-based analysis, we identified potential PLK1 co-targets that could be examined further. In addition, understanding the mechanisms of synergism between PLK1 inhibitors and other agents may lead to a better approach on which agents to pair with PLK1 inhibition for optimum cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengqin Su
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, 1111 Highland Avenue, Room 7045, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Gagan Chhabra
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, 1111 Highland Avenue, Room 7045, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Chandra K Singh
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, 1111 Highland Avenue, Room 7045, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Mary A Ndiaye
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, 1111 Highland Avenue, Room 7045, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Nihal Ahmad
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, 1111 Highland Avenue, Room 7045, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton VA Medical Center, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
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2
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Nakamura K, Kustatscher G, Alabert C, Hödl M, Forne I, Völker-Albert M, Satpathy S, Beyer TE, Mailand N, Choudhary C, Imhof A, Rappsilber J, Groth A. Proteome dynamics at broken replication forks reveal a distinct ATM-directed repair response suppressing DNA double-strand break ubiquitination. Mol Cell 2021; 81:1084-1099.e6. [PMID: 33450211 PMCID: PMC7939521 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2020.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cells have evolved an elaborate DNA repair network to ensure complete and accurate DNA replication. Defects in these repair machineries can fuel genome instability and drive carcinogenesis while creating vulnerabilities that may be exploited in therapy. Here, we use nascent chromatin capture (NCC) proteomics to characterize the repair of replication-associated DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) triggered by topoisomerase 1 (TOP1) inhibitors. We reveal profound changes in the fork proteome, including the chromatin environment and nuclear membrane interactions, and identify three classes of repair factors according to their enrichment at broken and/or stalled forks. ATM inhibition dramatically rewired the broken fork proteome, revealing that ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) signalling stimulates DNA end resection, recruits PLK1, and concomitantly suppresses the canonical DSB ubiquitination response by preventing accumulation of RNF168 and BRCA1-A. This work and collection of replication fork proteomes provide a new framework to understand how cells orchestrate homologous recombination repair of replication-associated DSBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyosuke Nakamura
- The Novo Nordisk Center for Protein Research (CPR), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Georg Kustatscher
- Wellcome Centre for Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK
| | - Constance Alabert
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martina Hödl
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ignasi Forne
- Biomedical Center, Chromatin Proteomics Group, Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Großhaderner Strasse 9, 82152 Planegg- Martinsried, Germany
| | - Moritz Völker-Albert
- Biomedical Center, Chromatin Proteomics Group, Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Großhaderner Strasse 9, 82152 Planegg- Martinsried, Germany
| | - Shankha Satpathy
- The Novo Nordisk Center for Protein Research (CPR), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tracey E Beyer
- The Novo Nordisk Center for Protein Research (CPR), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Mailand
- The Novo Nordisk Center for Protein Research (CPR), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Chunaram Choudhary
- The Novo Nordisk Center for Protein Research (CPR), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Axel Imhof
- Biomedical Center, Chromatin Proteomics Group, Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Großhaderner Strasse 9, 82152 Planegg- Martinsried, Germany
| | - Juri Rappsilber
- Wellcome Centre for Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK; Bioanalytics, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, 13355 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Anja Groth
- The Novo Nordisk Center for Protein Research (CPR), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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3
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Gao L, Pang YY, Guo XY, Zeng JJ, Tang ZQ, Xiong DD, Yang X, Li Y, Ma FC, Pan LJ, Feng ZB, Chen G. Polo like kinase 1 expression in cervical cancer tissues generated from multiple detection methods. PeerJ 2020; 8:e10458. [PMID: 33354424 PMCID: PMC7731657 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Existing studies of PLK1 in cervical cancer had several flaws. The methods adopted by those studies of detecting PLK1 expression in cervical cancer were single and there lacks comprehensive evaluation of the clinico-pathological significance of PLK1 in cervical cancer. Methods A total of 303 cervical tissue samples were collected for in-house tissue microarrays. Immunohistochemistry was performed for evaluating PLK1 expression between cervical cancer (including cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CESC) and cervical adenocarcinoma) and non-cancer samples. The Expression Atlas database was searched for querying PLK1 expression in different cervical cancer cell lines and different tissues in the context of pan-cancer. Standard mean difference (SMD) was calculated and the summarized receiver's operating characteristics (SROC) curves were plotted for integrated tissue microarrays, exterior high-throughput microarrays and RNA sequencing data as further verification. The effect of PLK1 expression on the overall survival, disease-free survival and event-free survival of cervical cancer patients was analyzed through Kaplan Meier survival curves for cervical cancer patients from RNA-seq and GSE44001 datasets. The gene mutation and alteration status of PLK1 in cervical cancer was inspected in COSMIC and cBioPortal databases. Functional enrichment analysis was performed for genes correlated with PLK1 from aggregated RNA-seq and microarrays. Results A total of 963 cervical cancer samples and 178 non-cancer samples were collected from in-house tissue microarrays and exterior microarrays and RNA-seq datasets. The combined expression analysis supported overexpression of PLK1 in CESC, cervical adenocarcinoma and all types of cervical cancer (SMD = 1.59, 95%CI [0.56-2.63]; SMD = 2.99, 95%CI [0.75-5.24]; SMD = 1.57, 95% CI [0.85-2.29]) and the significant power of PLK1 expression in distinguishing CESC or all types of cervical cancer samples from non-cancer samples (AUC = 0.94, AUC = 0.92). Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that the event-free survival rate of cervical cancer patients with higher expression of PLK1 was shorter than that of patients with lower PLK1 (HR = 2.020, P = 0.0197). Genetic alteration of PLK1 including missense mutation and mRNA low occurred in 6% of cervical cancer samples profiled in mRNA expression. Genes positively or negatively correlated with PLK1 were mainly assembled in pathways such as DNA replication, cell cycle, mismatch repair, Ras signaling pathway, melanoma, EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance and homologous recombination (P < 0.05). Conclusions Here, we provided sufficient evidence of PLK1 overexpression in cervical cancer. The overexpression of PLK1 in cervical cancer and the contributory effect of it on clinical progression indicated the hopeful prospect of PLK1 as a biomarker for cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Gao
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yu-Yan Pang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xian-Yu Guo
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jing-Jing Zeng
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Zhong-Qing Tang
- Department of Pathology, Wuzhou Gongren Hospital / The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Wuzhou, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Dan-Dan Xiong
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Pathology, Qinzhou First People's Hospital, Qinzhou, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Fu-Chao Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Lin-Jiang Pan
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Zhen-Bo Feng
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
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Lu J, Hu Y, Qian R, Zhang Y, Yang X, Luo P. Enhanced proliferation inhibition and apoptosis in glioma cells elicited by combination of irinotecan and imatinib. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 874:173022. [PMID: 32084420 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Glioma is a kind of lethal malignant tumor, and lacks efficient therapies. Combination therapy has been claimed to be a promising approach to combat cancer, due to its increased anti-cancer effects and reduced side effects. This study aimed to investigate the anti-cancer effect and mechanism of combining imatinib with irinotecan or its active metabolite 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN-38). First, we found that this drug combination exerted synergistic antitumor effects against glioma in vitro and in vivo. In addition, flow cytometry results proved that the SN-38-induced apoptosis was further enhanced by imatinib, and similar results were observed by determining the protein expression levels of apoptosis biomarkers. Interestingly, p53 expression was elevated by the SN-38 mono-treatment, and was not further increased after the co-treatment; besides, knockdown of p53 could only reduce the expression of cleaved-PARP partially, and weaken the enhanced proliferation inhibition induced by SN-38 plus imatinib, indicating that there might be other factors involved in the synergistic effects besides p53. Meanwhile, the markedly elevated p21 expression was observed only in the combination group, instead of the mono-treated groups. According to the results of p21 knockdown, we found that p21 was also required for the synergistic inhibitory effects. Moreover, we explored and ruled out the possibility of imatinib enhancing the sensitivity of irinotecan by inhibiting drug efflux pumps. Thus, our findings collectively suggest that combining irinotecan with imatinib could be a promising new strategy to fight against glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabin Lu
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yuhuai Hu
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Renyun Qian
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yuqian Zhang
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiaochun Yang
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Peihua Luo
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Volasertib preclinical activity in high-risk hepatoblastoma. Oncotarget 2019; 10:6403-6417. [PMID: 31741706 PMCID: PMC6849653 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Relapsed and metastatic hepatoblastoma represents an unmet clinical need with limited chemotherapy treatment options. In a chemical screen, we identified volasertib as an agent with in vitro activity, inhibiting hepatoblastoma cell growth while sparing normal hepatocytes. Volasertib targets PLK1 and prevents the progression of mitosis, resulting in eventual cell death. PLK1 is overexpressed in hepatoblastoma biopsies relative to normal liver tissue. As a potential therapeutic strategy, we tested the combination of volasertib and the relapse-related hepatoblastoma chemotherapeutic irinotecan. We found both in vitro and in vivo efficacy of this combination, which may merit further preclinical investigation and exploration for a clinical trial concept.
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Song Z, Yu Z, Chen L, Zhou Z, Zou Q, Liu Y. MicroRNA-1181 supports the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma by repressing AXIN1. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 119:109397. [PMID: 31514071 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Micro-RNAs regulate multiple biological behaviors of cancers, making them potential targets of new cancer therapies. MiR-1181 has been demonstrated to perform oncogenic or tumor-suppressing function in a tissue-dependent way, but its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was unclear. Here, we showed that miR-1181 was significantly overexpressed in HCC tissues when compared with tumor-adjacent normal ones or normal liver tissues from donated organ, and that inhibition of miR-1181 could repress the growth of HCC cells. Through bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assays, we found that axis inhibition protein 1 (AXIN1) was a direct target of miR-1181, and the expression of AXIN1 showed a negative correlation with that of miR-1181 in HCC. Therefore, these data indicated an oncogenic function of miRNA-1181 in the development of HCC and a potential target for the clinical treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zewen Song
- Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Zhaomei Yu
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Limin Chen
- Department of Infection, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Zhijiao Zhou
- Department of Pathology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Qiong Zou
- Department of Pathology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
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Chen Z, Chai Y, Zhao T, Li P, Zhao L, He F, Lang Y, Qin J, Ju H. Effect of PLK1 inhibition on cisplatin-resistant gastric cancer cells. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:5904-5914. [PMID: 30488440 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the effect of polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) inhibition on cisplatin (DDP)-resistant gastric cancer (GC) cells. METHODS The transcriptional level of PLK1 was measured by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Expressions of PLK1 and its downstream mediators as well as autophagy-related protein LC3 I/LC3 II were detected by western blot. An 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine immunofluorescent staining were conducted to evaluate the cell viability and replication activity separately. Flow cytometry was carried out to determine the cell cycle status. The GFP-LC3 vector contributed toward tracking the formation and aggregation of autophagosomes. RESULTS Drug-resistant SGC-7901/DDP cells showed insignificant changes in all phases after DDP treatment, including DNA replication, cell proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis, whereas DDP could significantly improve the autophagy level of SGC-7901/DDP as well as PLK1expression. By downregulating the expression of PLK1, both BI2536 andsi-PLK1 enhanced SGC-7901/DDP sensitivity to DDP, suppressing the proliferation and autophagy as well as improving the apoptosis rate. PLK1 inhibition also resulted in the repression of cell division regulators CDC25C and cyclin B1. CONCLUSION Together, our experimental results illustrated that the DDP resistance of GC cells might be associated with the aberrant overexpression of PLK1. PLK1 inhibition, including si-PLK1 and BI2536 treatment, could restore the chemosensitivity of drug-resistant SGC-7901/DDP cells and enhance the efficacy of DDP, revealing the potential value of PLK1 inhibition in GC chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Chen
- Graduate School of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yanling Chai
- The Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Ward, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- Graduate School of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ping Li
- School of Medicine, Kunming University, Kunming, China
| | - Lihua Zhao
- School of Medicine, Kunming University, Kunming, China
| | - Fang He
- School of Medicine, Kunming University, Kunming, China
| | - Yu Lang
- School of Medicine, Kunming University, Kunming, China
| | - Jing Qin
- School of Medicine, Kunming University, Kunming, China
- The Respiratory System Disease Prevention and Control of Public Service Platform of Science and Technology in Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Hongping Ju
- School of Medicine, Kunming University, Kunming, China
- The Respiratory System Disease Prevention and Control of Public Service Platform of Science and Technology in Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
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He X, Cai K, Zhang Y, Lu Y, Guo Q, Zhang Y, Liu L, Ruan C, Chen Q, Chen X, Li C, Sun T, Cheng J, Jiang C. Dimeric Prodrug Self-Delivery Nanoparticles with Enhanced Drug Loading and Bioreduction Responsiveness for Targeted Cancer Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:39455-39467. [PMID: 30362704 PMCID: PMC7470019 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b09730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Efficient drug accumulation in tumor cells is essential for cancer therapy. Herein, we developed dimeric prodrug self-delivery nanoparticles (NPs) with enhanced drug loading and bioreduction responsiveness for triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) therapy. Specially designed camptothecin dimeric prodrug (CPTD) containing a disulfide bond was constructed to realize intracellular redox potential controlled drug release. Direct conjugation of hydrophobic CPTD to poly(ethylene glycol) PEG5000, a prodrug-based amphiphilic CPTD-PEG5000 co-polymer was synthesized, which could encapsulate parental CPTD prodrug spontaneously and form ultrastable NPs due to the highly analogous structure. Such dimeric prodrug self-delivery nanoparticles showed ultrahigh stability with critical micelle concentration as low as 0.75 μg/mL and remained intact during endocytosis. In addition, neurotensin (NT), a 13 amino acid ligand, was further modified on the nanoparticles for triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) targeting. Optimized NT-CPTD NPs showed improved pharmacokinetics profile and increased drug accumulation in TNBC lesions than free CPT, which largely reduced the systemic toxicity and presented an improved anticancer efficacy in vivo. In summary, with advantages of extremely high drug loading capacity, tumor microenvironmental redox responsiveness, and targeted TNBC accumulation, NT-CPTD NPs showed their potential for effective triple negative breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi He
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Kaimin Cai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1304 W. Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yifei Lu
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lisha Liu
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chunhui Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qinjun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xinli Chen
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chao Li
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Tao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jianjun Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1304 W. Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Chen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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You J, Chen Y, Mohamed Alsayeh ZM, Shen X, Li C, Zhao P, Chen F, Liu Y, Xu C. Nanocrystals of a new camptothecin derivative WCN-21 enhance its solubility and efficacy. Oncotarget 2018; 8:29808-29822. [PMID: 28423733 PMCID: PMC5444705 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
WCN-21 is a new camptothecin derivative we synthesized and has desirable anti-tumor efficacy, but its aqueous solubility is very low and hurdles the further evaluation and development. In this study, we prepared nanocrystals of WCN-21 through a bottom-up approach to enhance its solubility and obtained WCN-21 nanorods (WND) and nanospheres (WNP). We investigated the crystallization of WND and WNP in different temperature and solvents and found that both temperature and solvents affect the crystal shapes and sizes. We prepared WND at 50°C and DMSO : H2O 1: 50 and WNP at 25°C and DMSO : H2O 1: 100 and found they were dispersed evenly in water with average hydrodynamic diameters 337 and 231 nm, respectively. WND and WNP increased the solubility of WCN-21 from extreme insolubility to more than 9 and 11 mM in H2O or PBS, respectively. In vitro studies showed that WND and WNP enhanced the uptake of WCN-21 in tumor cells by 3 and 9 folds, and increased cytotoxicity of WCN-21 in comparison with free WCN-21 by 5 and 6 folds, respectively. In xenograft tumor mice, intravenous injection of WND and WNP enhanced the accumulation of WCN-21 in tumor tissues and improved the anti-tumor efficacy. In addition, WND and WNP did not increase the toxicity of WCN-21 in mice. Therefore, nanocrystal is a robust tool to improve the solubility of insoluble drugs and holds a great potential in the application of drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia You
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
| | - Yuyuan Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
| | - Zubaeda M Mohamed Alsayeh
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
| | - Xingyu Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
| | - Chun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
| | - Pengxuan Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
| | - Fei Chen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Yingqian Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Chuanrui Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
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Yu T, Ganapathy S, Shen L, Peng B, Kim SH, Makriyannis A, Chen C. A lethal synergy induced by phellinus linteus and camptothecin11 in colon cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 9:6308-6319. [PMID: 29464074 PMCID: PMC5814214 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Side effects of anti-cancer drugs are always challenging for effective cancer treatments. The polysaccharides extracted from Phellinus linteus (PLGL) have been widely used in treating cancers. However, the mechanism by which PLGL antagonizes cancerous growth has not been fully investigated. The current study demonstrated that human colon cancer HCT116 and HT29 cells became highly susceptible to cell death when being co-treated with PLGL and low dose of camptothecin11 (CPT11, a topoisomerase inhibitor-based drug), the efficacy of which was comparable as that generated by the high dose of CPT11. However, the co-treatment, unlike high doses of CPT11, was not cytotoxic to the control immortalized colon Caco-2 cells. The co-treatment caused high percentages of the colon cancer cells to accumulate in S phase of the cell cycle, which was also seen in the same cells received the high dose of CPT11 treatment. Chk1 was phosphorylated, and then rapidly degraded in the cancer cells treated with the high dose of CPT11 or co-treatment, but not in the cells treated with PLGL alone or low doses of CPT11. PLGL appeared enhancing CPT11 inhibitory effect on topoisomerase, and Chk1 degradatopm in the cancer cells. Furthermore, cyclin E (clnE) became unstable at the transcription level in co-treated or PLGL-treated colon cancer cells. The data suggested that PLGL functions in two ways to achieve its lethal synergy with CPT11 in colon cancer cells. Our findings are of potential significance as PLGL represents a promising medicine for overcoming the side effects of CPT11 and perhaps also for improving other CPTs-based regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianqi Yu
- The Center for Drug Discovery, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Ling Shen
- The Center for Drug Discovery, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bo Peng
- The Center for Drug Discovery, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- Cancer Molecular Targeted Herbal Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Changyan Chen
- The Center for Drug Discovery, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
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11
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Nukuzuma S, Nukuzuma C, Kameoka M, Sugiura S, Nakamichi K, Tasaki T, Takegami T. CPT11 prevents virus replication in JCI cells persistently infected with JC polyomavirus. Microbiol Immunol 2017; 61:232-238. [PMID: 28463406 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
JC polyomavirus (JCPyV) is the causative agent of the demyelinating disease of the central nervous system known as progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), which occurs in immunocompromised patients. Moreover, patients treated with natalizumab for multiple sclerosis or Crohn disease can develop PML, which is then termed natalizumab-related PML. Because few drugs are currently available for treating PML, many antiviral agents are being investigated. It has been demonstrated that the topoisomerase I inhibitors topotecan and β-lapachone have inhibitory effects on JCPyV replication in IMR-32 cells. However, both of these drugs have marginal inhibitory effects on virus propagation in JC1 cells according to RT-PCR analysis. In the present study, the inhibitory effect of another topoisomerase I inhibitor, 7-ethy-10-[4-(1-piperidino)-1-piperidino] carbonyloxy camptothecin (CPT11), was assessed by investigating viral replication, propagation, and viral protein 1 (VP1) production in cultured cells. JCPyV replication was assayed using real-time PCR combined with Dpn I treatment in IMR-32 cells transfected with JCPyV DNA. It was found that JCPyV replicates less in IMR-32 cells treated with CPT11 than in untreated cells. Moreover, CPT11 treatment of JCI cells persistently infected with JCPyV led to a dose-dependent reduction in JCPyV DNA and VP1 production. Additionally, the inhibitory effect of CPT11 was found to be stronger than those of topotecan and β-lapachone. These findings suggest that CPT11 may be a potential anti-JCPyV agent that could be used to treat PML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souichi Nukuzuma
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Kobe Institute of Health, 4-6-5, Minatojima-Nakamachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0046, Japan
| | | | - Masanori Kameoka
- Department of International Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Suma-ku, Kobe 615-0124, Japan
| | - Shigeki Sugiura
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Kazuo Nakamichi
- Department of Virology 1, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Toyama, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Takafumi Tasaki
- Divison of Protein Regulation Research, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Takegami
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Virology, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
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12
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Xu L, Zhu Y, Shao J, Chen M, Yan H, Li G, Zhu Y, Xu Z, Yang B, Luo P, He Q. Dasatinib synergises with irinotecan to suppress hepatocellular carcinoma via inhibiting the protein synthesis of PLK1. Br J Cancer 2017; 116:1027-1036. [PMID: 28267710 PMCID: PMC5396112 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2017.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common types of malignant tumour and has poor prognosis. Currently, systematic chemotherapy is the only approach to prolong survival. Thus the development of new treatment regimens is urgently needed to improve the therapeutic efficacy. Our study intended to assess the combination of dasatinib and irinotecan against HCC and made an effort to develop a potential medical choice for advanced HCC patients. METHODS We used SRB colorimetric assay and clonogenic assay to assess antitumour effect in vitro and HCC xenograft model to assess antitumour effect in vivo. We applied flow cytometry and western blotting to explore the mechanism of the combined therapy. Knockdown and overexpression of PLK1 are also applied for validation. RESULTS We confirmed that dasatinib has synergistic effect with irinotecan (or SN38) on HCC both in vitro and in vivo. The effect is due to arisen apoptosis rate of HCC cells that is accompanied by mitochondria dysfunction. The enhanced antitumour efficacy of SN38 could be explained by additional inhibition of PLK1, which is triggered by dasatinib. Unlike existed PLK1 inhibitors, dasatinib does not inhibit PLK1 activity in a direct way. Instead, we found that dasatinib reduces PLK1 level by interfering with its protein synthesis progress. We validated that this kind of downregulation of PLK1 level has a key role in the synergistic effect of the two agents. CONCLUSIONS Dasatinib is able to reinforce the anti-HCC efficacy of irinotecan/SN38 by downregulation of PLK1 synthesis. The combination of the two agents might be a potential medical choice for HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuanrun Zhu
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jinjin Shao
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Min Chen
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hao Yan
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Guanqun Li
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhifei Xu
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Peihua Luo
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qiaojun He
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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13
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Chen P, Luo X, Nie P, Wu B, Xu W, Shi X, Chang H, Li B, Yu X, Zou Z. CQ synergistically sensitizes human colorectal cancer cells to SN-38/CPT-11 through lysosomal and mitochondrial apoptotic pathway via p53-ROS cross-talk. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 104:280-297. [PMID: 28131902 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy plays a key role in supporting cell survival against chemotherapy-induced apoptosis. In this study, we found the chemotherapy agent SN-38 induced autophagy in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. However, inhibition of autophagy using a small molecular inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) and ATG5 siRNA did not increase SN-38-induced cytotoxicity in CRC cells. Notably, another autophagy inhibitor chloroquine (CQ) synergistically enhanced the anti-tumor activity of SN-38 in CRC cells with wild type (WT) p53. Subsequently, we identified a potential mechanism of this cooperative interaction by showing that CQ and SN-38 acted together to trigger reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst, upregulate p53 expression, elicit the loss of lysosomal membrane potential (LMP) and mitochondrial membrane potential (∆ψm). In addition, ROS induced by CQ plus SN-38 upregulated p53 levels by activating p38, conversely, p53 stimulated ROS. These results suggested that ROS and p53 reciprocally promoted each other's production and cooperated to induce CRC cell death. Moreover, we showed induction of ROS and p53 by the two agents provoked the loss of LMP and ∆ψm. Altogether, all results suggested that CQ synergistically sensitized human CRC cells with WT p53 to SN-38 through lysosomal and mitochondrial apoptotic pathway via p53-ROS cross-talk. Lastly, we showed that CQ could enhance CRC cells response to CPT-11 (a prodrug of SN-38) in xenograft models. Thus the combined treatment might represent an attractive therapeutic strategy for the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinjia Chen
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Luoyang Central Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, China
| | - Xiaoyong Luo
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Luoyang Central Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, China
| | - Peipei Nie
- KingMed Diagnostics and KingMed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baoyan Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science and Institute of Laser Life Science, Joint Laboratory of Laser Oncology with Cancer Center of Sun Yat-sen University, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, No. 55 Zhongshan Road West, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Xu
- KingMed Diagnostics and KingMed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinpeng Shi
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Luoyang Central Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, China
| | - Haocai Chang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science and Institute of Laser Life Science, Joint Laboratory of Laser Oncology with Cancer Center of Sun Yat-sen University, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, No. 55 Zhongshan Road West, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Luoyang Central Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, China
| | - Xiurong Yu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Luoyang Central Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, China
| | - Zhengzhi Zou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science and Institute of Laser Life Science, Joint Laboratory of Laser Oncology with Cancer Center of Sun Yat-sen University, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, No. 55 Zhongshan Road West, Guangzhou, China.
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14
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Sato Y, Sakurai Y, Kajimoto K, Nakamura T, Yamada Y, Akita H, Harashima H. Innovative Technologies in Nanomedicines: From Passive Targeting to Active Targeting/From Controlled Pharmacokinetics to Controlled Intracellular Pharmacokinetics. Macromol Biosci 2016; 17. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201600179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Sato
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Hokkaido University; Kita-12, Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812 Japan
| | - Yu Sakurai
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Hokkaido University; Kita-12, Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812 Japan
| | - Kazuaki Kajimoto
- Health Research Institute; National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST); 2217-14 Hayashi-cho Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0395 Japan
| | - Takashi Nakamura
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Hokkaido University; Kita-12, Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812 Japan
| | - Yuma Yamada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Hokkaido University; Kita-12, Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812 Japan
| | - Hidetaka Akita
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Chiba University; 1-8-1 Inohana Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 260-8675 Japan
| | - Hideyoshi Harashima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Hokkaido University; Kita-12, Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812 Japan
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15
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Li J, Liu J, Li S, Hao Y, Chen L, Zhang X. Antibody h-R3-dendrimer mediated siRNA has excellent endosomal escape and tumor targeted delivery ability, and represents efficient siPLK1 silencing and inhibition of cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Oncotarget 2016; 7:13782-96. [PMID: 26883109 PMCID: PMC4924678 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The major obstacle to developing siRNA delivery is their extracellular and intracellular barriers. Herein, a humanized anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody h-R3 was developed to modify the self-assembled binary complexes (dendriplexes) of PAMAM and siRNA via electrostatic interactions, and two common ligands HSA and EGF were used as a control. Compared to dendriplexes, h-R3/EGF/HSA-dendriplexes showed increased particle size, decreased zeta potentials and lower cytotoxicity. Moreover, h-R3-dendriplexes presented greater cellular uptake and excellent endosomal escape ability in HepG2 cells. Ex vivo fluorescence imaging revealed that h-R3-dendriplexes showed higher targeted delivery and gene expression in the tumors than dendriplexes, HSA-dendriplexes and EGF-dendriplexes, which was in agreement with confocal results of cryosections. Furthermore, h-R3-dendriplexes for siPLK1 delivery indicated efficient gene silencing, potentiated cell growth inhibition and cell apoptosis, and suppressed cellular migration/invasion. These results indicate that h-R3-dendriplexes represent a great potential to be used as efficient targeted siRNA delivery carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shengnan Li
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, PLA Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Yanli Hao
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, PLA Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Xiaoning Zhang
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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