1
|
Sun S, Yan T, Yang N, Wu J, Liu Z. Regulation of osteoclast differentiation and inflammatory signaling by TCF8 in periodontitis. Oral Dis 2024; 30:2580-2591. [PMID: 37246926 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to explore the potential role of zinc-finger homeodomain transcription factor (TCF8) in osteoclastogenesis and inflammation during periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats with periodontitis were induced via Porphyromonas gingivalis-lipopolysaccharide (Pg-LPS) injection. The recombinant lentivirus delivering short hairpin RNA (shRNA) against TCF8 was used to downregulate TCF8 in vivo. Alveolar bone loss in rats was determined by micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT). Typical pathological changes, periodontal tissue inflammation, and osteoclastogenesis were evaluated via histological analyses. The RAW264.7-derived osteoclasts were induced by RANKL stimulation. TCF8 downregulation in vitro was achieved by lentivirus infection. The osteoclast differentiation and inflammatory signaling in RANKL-induced cells were measured via immunofluorescence methods and molecular biology approaches. RESULTS Porphyromonas gingivalis-lipopolysaccharide induced rats exhibited overexpressed TCF8 in their periodontal tissues, while TCF8 knockdown attenuated the bone loss, tissue inflammation, and osteoclastogenesis in LPS-induced rats. Besides, TCF8 silencing inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation in RAW264.7 cells, as evidenced by the reduced numbers of TRAP-positive osteoclasts, less formation of F-actin rings, and downregulated expressions of osteoclast-specific markers. It also exerted an inhibitory effect on the NF-κB signaling in RANKL-induced cells via blocking NF-κB p65 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation. CONCLUSIONS TCF8 silencing inhibited alveolar bone loss, osteoclast differentiation, and inflammation in periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiqun Sun
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tongtong Yan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Nan Yang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhihui Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen H, Zheng Q, Lv Y, Yang Z, Fu Q. CUL4A-mediated ZEB1/microRNA-340-5p/HMGB1 axis promotes the development of osteoporosis. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23373. [PMID: 37253097 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying osteoclast differentiation provides insights into bone loss and even osteoporosis. The specific mechanistic actions of cullin 4A (CUL4A) in osteoclast differentiation and resultant osteoporosis is poorly explored. We developed a mouse model of osteoporosis using bilateral ovariectomy (OVX) and examined CUL4A expression. It was noted that CUL4A expression was increased in the bone marrow of OVX mice. Overexpression of CUL4A promoted osteoclast differentiation, and knockdown of CUL4A alleviated osteoporosis symptoms of OVX mice. Bioinformatic analyses were applied to identify the downstream target genes of microRNA-340-5p (miR-340-5p), followed by interaction analysis. The bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) were isolated from femur of OVX mice, which were transfected with different plasmids to alter the expression of CUL4A, Zinc finer E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1), miR-340-5p, and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). ChIP assay was performed to detect enrichment of ZEB1 promoter by H3K4me3 antibody in BMMs. ZEB1 was overexpressed in the bone marrow of OVX mice. Overexpression of CUL4A mediated H3K4me3 methylation to increase ZEB1 expression, thus promoting osteoclast differentiation. Meanwhile, ZEB1 could inhibit miR-340-5p expression and upregulate HMGB1 to induce osteoclast differentiation. Overexpressed ZEB1 activated the TLR4 pathway by regulating the miR-340-5p/HMGB1 axis to induce osteoclast differentiation, thus promoting the development of osteoporosis. Overall, E3 ubiquitin ligase CUL4A can upregulate ZEB1 to repress miR-340-5p expression, leading to HMGB1 upregulation and the TLR4 pathway activation, which promotes osteoclast differentiation and the development of osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Chen
- Department of Joint Surgery, Shenyang Sujiatun District Central Hospital, Shenyang, China
| | - Qiang Zheng
- Department of Joint Surgery, Shenyang Sujiatun District Central Hospital, Shenyang, China
| | - You Lv
- Department of Joint Surgery, Shenyang Sujiatun District Central Hospital, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhongfeng Yang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Shenyang Sujiatun District Central Hospital, Shenyang, China
| | - Qin Fu
- Department of Joint Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu M, Sui L, Fang Z, Jiang WG, Ye L. Aberrant expression of bone morphogenetic proteins in the disease progression and metastasis of breast cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1166955. [PMID: 37333824 PMCID: PMC10272747 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1166955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) play crucial roles in the tumorigenesis and metastasis of cancers. Controversy remains about the exact implications of BMPs and their antagonists in breast cancer (BC), due to their diverse and complex biological functions and signalling. A comprehensive study of the whole family and their signalling in breast cancer is provoked. Methods Aberrant expression of BMP, BMP receptors and antagonists in primary tumours in breast cancer were analysed by using TCGA-BRCA and E-MTAB-6703 cohorts. Related biomarkers including ER, HER, proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis and bone metastasis were involved to identify the relationship with BMPs in breast cancer. Results The present study showed BMP8B was significantly increased in breast tumours, while BMP6 and ACVRL1 were decreased in breast cancer tissues. The expressions of BMP2, BMP6, TGFBR1 and GREM1 were significantly correlated with BC patients' poor overall survival. Aberrant expression of BMPs, together with BMP receptors, were explored in different subtypes of breast cancer according to ER, PR and HER2 status. Furthermore, higher levels of BMP2, BMP6 and GDF5 were revealed in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) whilst BMP4, GDF15, ACVR1B, ACVR2B and BMPR1B were relatively higher in Luminal type BC. ACVR1B and BMPR1B were positively correlated with ERα but were inversely correlated with ERβ. High expression of GDF15, BMP4 and ACVR1B were associated with poorer overall survival in HER2 positive BC. BMPs also play dual roles in tumour growth and metastasis of BC. Conclusion A shift pattern of BMPs was showed in different subtypes of breast cancer suggesting a subtype specific involvement. It provokes more research to shed light on the exact role of these BMPs and receptors in the disease progression and distant metastasis through a regulation of proliferation, invasion and EMT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Liu
- Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative, Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- Department of Surgery, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Laijian Sui
- Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative, Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Ziqian Fang
- Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative, Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Wen G. Jiang
- Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative, Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Lin Ye
- Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative, Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhu Y, Yin WF, Yu P, Zhang C, Sun MH, Kong LY, Yang L. Meso-Hannokinol inhibits breast cancer bone metastasis via the ROS/JNK/ZEB1 axis. Phytother Res 2023. [PMID: 36726293 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Distal metastases from breast cancer, especially bone metastases, are extremely common in the late stages of the disease and are associated with a poor prognosis. EMT is a biomarker of the early process of bone metastasis, and MMP-9 and MMP-13 are important osteoclastic activators. Previously, we found that meso-Hannokinol (HA) could significantly inhibit EMT and MMP-9 and MMP-13 expressions in breast cancer cells. On this basis, we further explored the role of HA in breast cancer bone metastasis. In vivo, we established a breast cancer bone metastasis model by intracardially injecting breast cancer cells. Intraperitoneal injections of HA significantly reduced breast cancer cell metastasis to the leg bone in mice and osteolytic lesions caused by breast cancer. In vitro, HA inhibited the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells and suppressed the expressions of EMT, MMP-9, MMP-13, and other osteoclastic activators. HA inhibited EMT and MMP-9 by activating the ROS/JNK pathway as demonstrated by siJNK and SP600125 inhibition of JNK phosphorylation and NAC scavenging of ROS accumulation. Moreover, HA promoted bone formation and inhibited bone resorption in vitro. In conclusion, our findings suggest that HA may be an excellent candidate for treating breast cancer bone metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Feng Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Hui Sun
- Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling-Yi Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ehata S, Miyazono K. Bone Morphogenetic Protein Signaling in Cancer; Some Topics in the Recent 10 Years. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:883523. [PMID: 35693928 PMCID: PMC9174896 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.883523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), members of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family, are multifunctional cytokines. BMPs have a broad range of functions, and abnormalities in BMP signaling pathways are involved in cancer progression. BMPs activate the proliferation of certain cancer cells. Malignant phenotypes of cancer cells, such as increased motility, invasiveness, and stemness, are enhanced by BMPs. Simultaneously, BMPs act on various cellular components and regulate angiogenesis in the tumor microenvironment. Thus, BMPs function as pro-tumorigenic factors in various types of cancer. However, similar to TGF-β, which shows both positive and negative effects on tumorigenesis, BMPs also act as tumor suppressors in other types of cancers. In this article, we review important findings published in the recent decade and summarize the pro-oncogenic functions of BMPs and their underlying mechanisms. The current status of BMP-targeted therapies for cancers is also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Ehata
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
- *Correspondence: Shogo Ehata,
| | - Kohei Miyazono
- Department of Applied Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mohammadi Ghahhari N, Sznurkowska MK, Hulo N, Bernasconi L, Aceto N, Picard D. Cooperative interaction between ERα and the EMT-inducer ZEB1 reprograms breast cancer cells for bone metastasis. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2104. [PMID: 35440541 PMCID: PMC9018728 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29723-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been proposed to contribute to the metastatic spread of breast cancer cells. EMT-promoting transcription factors determine a continuum of different EMT states. In contrast, estrogen receptor α (ERα) helps to maintain the epithelial phenotype of breast cancer cells and its expression is crucial for effective endocrine therapies. Determining whether and how EMT-associated transcription factors such as ZEB1 modulate ERα signaling during early stages of EMT could promote the discovery of therapeutic approaches to suppress metastasis. Here we show that, shortly after induction of EMT and while cells are still epithelial, ZEB1 modulates ERα-mediated transcription induced by estrogen or cAMP signaling in breast cancer cells. Based on these findings and our ex vivo and xenograft results, we suggest that the functional interaction between ZEB1 and ERα may alter the tissue tropism of metastatic breast cancer cells towards bone. The epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) is important in the metastatic spread of cancer cells. Here, the authors show that the EMT transcription factor, ZEB1, can modify estrogen receptor α during EMT and facilitate the migration of breast cancer cells to the bone
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Magdalena K Sznurkowska
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Hulo
- Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, Université de Genève, 1211, Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - Lilia Bernasconi
- Département de Biologie Cellulaire, Université de Genève, Sciences III, 1211, Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - Nicola Aceto
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Didier Picard
- Département de Biologie Cellulaire, Université de Genève, Sciences III, 1211, Genève 4, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wu Q, Zheng Z, Zhang J, Piao Z, Xin M, Xiang X, Wu A, Zhao T, Huang S, Qiao Y, Zhou J, Xu S, Cheng H, Wu L, Ouyang K. Chordin-Like 1 Regulates Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition and Metastasis via the MAPK Signaling Pathway in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:862751. [PMID: 35494000 PMCID: PMC9046701 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.862751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundAccumulating evidence suggests that dysregulation of Chordin-like 1 (CHRDL1) is associated with malignant biological behaviors in multiple cancers. However, the exact function and molecular mechanism of CHRDL1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remain unclear.MethodsThe expression levels of CHRDL1 in OSCC tissues and CAL27 cells were determined by RT-qPCR. Immunohistochemical staining was applied to detect CHRDL1 protein expression in sample tissues from OSCC patients. Gain of function and knockdown by lentivirus were further used to examine the effects of CHRDL1 on cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and adhesion in OSCC. Tail vein injection of CAL27 cells with dysregulated CHRDL1 expression was further used to examine the effect of CHRDL1 on lung colonization. RNA sequencing was performed to explore the molecular mechanisms of CHRDL1 that underlie the progression of OSCC.ResultsCHRDL1 was significantly downregulated in OSCC tissues and CAL27 cells compared to controls. CHRDL1 knockdown enhanced migration, invasion, adhesion, and EMT, but not proliferation, in CAL27 cells. Overexpression of CHRDL1 had the opposite effects. Moreover, CHRDL1 was proven to inhibit tumor metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, MAPK signaling pathway components, including ERK1/2, p38, and JNK, were found to regulate the malignant biological behaviors of CAL27 cells.ConclusionsOur results suggest that CHRDL1 has an inhibitory effect on OSCC metastasis via the MAPK signaling pathway, which provides a new possible potential therapeutic target against OSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyu Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Zhichao Zheng
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junwei Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhengguo Piao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengyu Xin
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi Xiang
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Antong Wu
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianyu Zhao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Songkai Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Qiao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayu Zhou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaofen Xu
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoyu Cheng
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lihong Wu
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Kexiong Ouyang, ; Lihong Wu,
| | - Kexiong Ouyang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Kexiong Ouyang, ; Lihong Wu,
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Takamaru N, Fukuda N, Akita K, Kudoh K, Miyamoto Y. Association of PD‑L1 and ZEB‑1 expression patterns with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2022; 23:75. [DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Natsumi Takamaru
- Department of Oral Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770‑8504, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Fukuda
- Department of Oral Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770‑8504, Japan
| | - Kazuya Akita
- Department of Oral Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770‑8504, Japan
| | - Keiko Kudoh
- Department of Oral Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770‑8504, Japan
| | - Youji Miyamoto
- Department of Oral Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770‑8504, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Down-Regulation of miR-194-5p for Predicting Metastasis in Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010325. [PMID: 35008751 PMCID: PMC8745262 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), as key negative regulators of gene expression, are closely related to tumor occurrence and progression. miR-194-5p (miR-194-1) has been shown to play a regulatory role in various cancers however, its biological function and mechanism of action in breast cancer have not yet been well explored. In this study, we use the UALCAN and LinkedOmics databases to analyze transcription expression in The Cancer Genome Atlas Breast Invasive Carcinoma (TCGA-BRCA). The epithelial-mesenchymal transition status of breast cancer cells was evaluated by wound-healing assay, trans-well assays, and gelatin zymography, while protein expression was assessed by Western blotting. miR-194-5p expression was found to be up-regulated in breast cancer clinical specimens but down-regulated in the triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell line MDA-MB-231 and breast cancer clinical specimens in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). miR-194-5p significantly inhibited the expression of the epithelial marker ZO-1 and increased the expression of mesenchymal markers, including ZEB-1 and vimentin, in MDA-MB-231 cells. miR-194-5p significantly reduced the gelatin-degrading activity of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 in zymography assays. In MDA-MB-231 cells and TCGA patient samples, ZEB-1 expression was significantly inversely correlated with miR-194-5p expression. High levels of miR-194-5p were associated with good overall survival. miR-194-5p regulates epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in TNBC. Our findings suggest that miR-194-5p functions as a tumor biomarker in breast cancer, providing new insights for the study of breast cancer development and metastasis.
Collapse
|
10
|
Liu S, Liu B, Zhao Q, Shi J, Gu Y, Guo Y, Li Y, Liu Y, Cheng Y, Qiao Y, Liu Y. Down-regulated FST expression is involved in the poor prognosis of triple-negative breast cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:267. [PMID: 34001106 PMCID: PMC8130405 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01977-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is more commonly associated with young patients, featuring high histological grade, visceral metastasis, and distant recurrence. Follistatin (FST) is a secreted extracellular regulatory protein that antagonizes TGF-β superfamily such as activin and TGF-β related superfamily such as bone morphogenetic protein (BMP). The implication of FST in the proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis of solid tumors documents good or poor outcome of patients with BC. However, the role of FST in TNBC remains unclear. Methods Data of 935 patients with breast cancer (BC) were extracted from TCGA. Case–control study, Kaplan–Meier, uni-multivariate COX, and ROC curve were utilized to investigate the relationship between FST expression and the clinical characteristics and prognosis of BC. Functional studies were used to analyze the effect of FST expression on proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of TNBC cell lines. Bioinformatic methods such as volcanoplot, GO annd KEGG enrichment, and protein–protein interactions (PPI) analyses were conducted to further confirm the different roles of FST in the apoptotic pathways among mesenchymal and mesenchymal stem-like cells of TNBC. Results Data from TCGA showed that low FST expression correlated with poor prognosis (for univariate analysis, HR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.27–0.82, p = 0.008; for multivariate analysis, HR = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.21–0.75, p = 0.004). Low FST expression provided high predicted value of poor prognosis in TNBC amongst BCs. FST knockdown promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of BT549 and HS578T cell lines. FST inhibited the apoptosis of mesenchymal cells by targeting BMP7. Conclusions Low FST expression is associated with poor prognosis of patients with TNBC. FST expressions exhibit the anisotropic roles of apoptosis between mesenchymal and mesenchymal stem-like cells but promote the proliferation, migration, invasion in both of two subtypes of TNBC in vitro. FST may be a subtype-heterogeneous biomarker for monitoring the progress of TNBC. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-021-01977-x.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sainan Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Jikang Shi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yulu Gu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yanbo Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yunkai Liu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yi Cheng
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yichun Qiao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Yawen Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kinget L, Roussel E, Lambrechts D, Boeckx B, Vanginderhuysen L, Albersen M, Rodríguez-Antona C, Graña-Castro O, Inglada-Pérez L, Verbiest A, Zucman-Rossi J, Couchy G, Caruso S, Laenen A, Baldewijns M, Beuselinck B. MicroRNAs Possibly Involved in the Development of Bone Metastasis in Clear-Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13071554. [PMID: 33800656 PMCID: PMC8036650 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Bone metastases cause substantial morbidity and implicate worse clinical outcomes for clear-cell renal cell carcinoma patients. MicroRNAs are small RNA molecules that modulate gene translation and are involved in the development of cancer and metastasis. We identified six microRNAs that are potentially specifically involved in metastasis to bone, of which two seem protective and four implicate a higher risk. This aids further understanding of the process of metastasizing to bone. Furthermore, these microRNA hold potential for biomarkers or therapeutic targets. Abstract Bone metastasis in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) leads to substantial morbidity through skeletal related adverse events and implicates worse clinical outcomes. MicroRNAs (miRNA) are small non-protein coding RNA molecules with important regulatory functions in cancer development and metastasis. In this retrospective analysis we present dysregulated miRNA in ccRCC, which are associated with bone metastasis. In particular, miR-23a-3p, miR-27a-3p, miR-20a-5p, and miR-335-3p specifically correlated with the earlier appearance of bone metastasis, compared to metastasis in other organs. In contrast, miR-30b-3p and miR-139-3p were correlated with less occurrence of bone metastasis. These miRNAs are potential biomarkers and attractive targets for miRNA inhibitors or mimics, which could lead to novel therapeutic possibilities for bone targeted treatment in metastatic ccRCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Kinget
- Department of General Medical Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (L.K.); (L.V.); (A.V.)
| | - Eduard Roussel
- Department of Urology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (E.R.); (M.A.)
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- Laboratory of Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (D.L.); (B.B.)
- VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bram Boeckx
- Laboratory of Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (D.L.); (B.B.)
- VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Loïc Vanginderhuysen
- Department of General Medical Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (L.K.); (L.V.); (A.V.)
| | - Maarten Albersen
- Department of Urology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (E.R.); (M.A.)
| | | | - Osvaldo Graña-Castro
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.R.-A.); (O.G.-C.)
| | - Lucía Inglada-Pérez
- Department of Statistics and Operational Research, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Annelies Verbiest
- Department of General Medical Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (L.K.); (L.V.); (A.V.)
| | - Jessica Zucman-Rossi
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, INSERM, Functional Genomics of Solid Tumors Laboratory, Équipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Labex OncoImmunology, F-75006 Paris, France; (J.Z.-R.); (G.C.); (S.C.)
| | - Gabrielle Couchy
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, INSERM, Functional Genomics of Solid Tumors Laboratory, Équipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Labex OncoImmunology, F-75006 Paris, France; (J.Z.-R.); (G.C.); (S.C.)
| | - Stefano Caruso
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, INSERM, Functional Genomics of Solid Tumors Laboratory, Équipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Labex OncoImmunology, F-75006 Paris, France; (J.Z.-R.); (G.C.); (S.C.)
| | | | | | - Benoit Beuselinck
- Department of General Medical Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (L.K.); (L.V.); (A.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-16-346900
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ye DX, Wang SS, Huang Y, Wang XJ, Chi P. USP43 directly regulates ZEB1 protein, mediating proliferation and metastasis of colorectal cancer. J Cancer 2021; 12:404-416. [PMID: 33391437 PMCID: PMC7738986 DOI: 10.7150/jca.48056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive tract. In this study, we had examined the biological role of USP43 in colorectal cancer. USP43 protein and mRNA abundance in clinical tissues and five cell lines were analyzed with quantitative real-time PCR test (qRT-PCR) and western blot. USP43 overexpression treated DLD1 cells and USP43 knockdown treated SW480 cells were used to study cell proliferation, migration, colony formation, invasion, and the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) biomarkers. Moreover, ubiquitination related ZEB1 degradation was studied with qRT-PCR and western blot. The relationships between USP43 and ZEB1 were investigated with western blot, co-immunoprecipitation, migration, and invasion. USP43 was highly expressed in colorectal cancer tissues. USP43 overexpression and knockdown treatments could affect cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, invasion, and the expression of EMT associated biomarkers. Moreover, USP43 can regulate ZEB1 degradation through ubiquitination pathway. USP43 could promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion of colorectal cancer. Meanwhile, USP43 can deubiquitinate and stabilize the ZEB1 protein, which plays an important role in the function of colorectal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dao-Xiong Ye
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, 350001, China
| | - Si-Si Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, 350001, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, 350001, China
| | - Xiao-Jie Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, 350001, China
| | - Pan Chi
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, 350001, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Jing L, Hu B, Song QH. Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) inhibits palmitic acid (PA)-induced MC3T3-E1 cell apoptosis by regulating miR-200b-3p/ Chrdl1/PPARγ. Food Nutr Res 2020; 64:4208. [PMID: 33447177 PMCID: PMC7778426 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v64.4208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity is closely related to osteoporosis. Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBPs) have anti-osteoporosis activity. Objective This study aimed to explore the role of LBPs in palmitic acid (PA)-induced osteoblast apoptosis. Methods The microarray data set GSE37676 was downloaded from Gene Expression Ominibus (GEO) database. Top 300 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were used to construct a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network based on STRING database, and significant modules were analyzed and their key genes were screened by using Cytoscape software. COEXPEDIA database showed that there was co-expression between Chrdl1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPARγ). MC3T3-E1 cells were treated with 100–500 μg/mL of PA. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blot assays were used to detect mRNA and protein levels. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and flow cytometry were used to detect cell viability and cell apoptosis. Results Chrdl1 was the key gene from the most significant module and downregulation in MC3T3-E1 cells treated with PA. MicroRNA miR-200b-3p and PPARγ were significantly upregulated among PA-treated MC3T3-E1 cells. The results of luciferase reporter gene assay showed that miR-200b-3p targeted Chrdl1 3’-UTR. Over-expressing miR-200b-3p promoted PA-induced cell apoptosis and inhibited cell viability. After pre-treating cells with PA and LBP, MC3T3-E1 cell apoptosis rate was relatively lower than that of mimics+PA200 group. Chrdl1 inhibition partly reversed miR-200b-3p effect on inhibiting apoptosis among MC3T3-E1 cells pre-treated with LBP and PA. Decreased C CASP3, PPARγ and increased Chrdl1 by miR-200b-3p inhibition were partly reversed by Chrdl1 inhibition. Conclusions LBPs inhibit PA-induced MC3T3-E1 cell apoptosis by mainly decreasing miR-200b-3p to upregulate Chrdl1, but miR-200b-3p/Chrdl1/PPARγ is not the only mechanism for LBPs protecting osteoblasts from PA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Jing
- Orthopedics Department, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Baiwen Hu
- Orthopedics Department, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qing Hua Song
- Plastic Surgery Center and Trauma Center, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo City, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chen M, Zou S, He C, Zhou J, Li S, Shen M, Cheng R, Wang D, Zou T, Yan X, Huang Y, Shen J. Transactivation of SOX5 by Brachyury promotes breast cancer bone metastasis. Carcinogenesis 2020; 41:551-560. [PMID: 31713604 PMCID: PMC7350557 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgz142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The bone marrow has been long known to host a unique environment amenable to colonization by metastasizing tumor cells. Yet, the underlying molecular interactions which give rise to the high incidence of bone metastasis (BM) in breast cancer patients have long remained uncharacterized. In our study, in vitro and in vivo assays demonstrated that Brachyury (Bry) could promote breast cancer BM. Bry drives epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and promotes breast cancer aggressiveness. As an EMT driver, SOX5 involves in breast cancer metastasis and the specific function in BM. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays revealed SOX5 is a direct downstream target gene of Bry. ChIP analysis and reporter assays identified two Bry-binding motifs; one consistent with the classic conserved binding sequence and the other a new motif sequence. This study demonstrates for the first time that Bry promotes breast cancer cells BM through activating SOX5. In clinical practice, targeting the Bry-Sox5-EMT pathway is evolving into a promising avenue for the prevention of bone metastatic relapse, therapeutic resistance and other aspects of breast cancer progression. Brachyury directly regulates the expression of SOX5 by binding to two motifs in its promoter region. The Bry-SOX5-EMT pathway may represent a potential target to develop treatments to prevent and treat bone metastasis from breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Chen
- Department of Orthopeadic Surgery, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shitao Zou
- Suzhou Cancer Center Core Laboratory, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao He
- Suzhou Cancer Center Core Laboratory, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jundong Zhou
- Suzhou Cancer Center Core Laboratory, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Suoyuan Li
- Department of Orthopeadic Surgery, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Minghong Shen
- Department of Pathology, the Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rulei Cheng
- Department of Pathology, the Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Donglai Wang
- Department of Orthopeadic Surgery, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianming Zou
- Department of Orthopeadic Surgery, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xueqi Yan
- Suzhou Cancer Center Core Laboratory, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Ultrasonography, the Fifth People’s Hospital of Suzhou, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Shen
- Department of Orthopeadic Surgery, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: 008618112603158; Fax: 008651262362502,
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Popper H. Primary tumor and metastasis-sectioning the different steps of the metastatic cascade. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2020; 9:2277-2300. [PMID: 33209649 PMCID: PMC7653118 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-20-175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Patients with lung cancer in the majority die of metastases. Treatment options include surgery, chemo- and radiotherapy, targeted therapy by tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), and immuno-oncologic treatment. Despite the success with these treatment options, cure of lung cancer is achieved in only a very small proportion of patients. In most patients’ recurrence and metastasis will occur, and finally kill the patient. Metastasis is a multistep procedure. It requires a change in adhesion of tumor cells for detachment from their neighboring cells. The next step is migration either as single cells [epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)], or as cell clusters (hybrid-EMT or bulk migration). A combination of genetic changes is required to facilitate migration. Then tumor cells have to orient themselves along matrix proteins, detect oxygen concentrations, prevent attacks by immune cells, and induce a tumor-friendly switch of stroma cells (macrophages, myofibroblasts, etc.). Having entered the blood stream tumor cells need to adapt to shear stress, avoid being trapped by coagulation, but also use coagulation in small veins for adherence to endothelia, and express homing molecules for extravasation. Within a metastatic site, tumor cells need a well-prepared niche to establish a metastatic focus. Tumor cells again have to establish a vascular net for maintaining nutrition and oxygen supply, communicate with stroma cells, grow out and set further metastases. In this review the different steps will be discussed with a focus on pulmonary carcinomas. The vast amount of research manuscripts published so far are not easy to analyze: in most reports’ single steps of the metastatic cascade are interpreted as evidence for the whole process; for example, migration is interpreted as evidence for metastasis. In lung cancer most often latency periods are shorter, in between 1–5 years. In other cases, despite widespread migration occurs, tumor cells die within the circulation and do not reach a metastatic site. Therefore, migration is a requisite, but does not necessarily predict metastasis. The intention of this review is to point to these different aspects and hopefully provoke research directed into a more functional analysis of the metastatic process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helmut Popper
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Richter L, Oberländer V, Schmidt G. RhoA/C inhibits proliferation by inducing the synthesis of GPRC5A. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12532. [PMID: 32719397 PMCID: PMC7385118 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69481-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Rho GTPases are important regulators of many cellular functions like cell migration, adhesion and polarity. The molecular switches are often dysregulated in cancer. We detected Rho-dependent upregulation of the orphan seven-transmembrane receptor G-protein-coupled receptor family C group 5 member A (GPRC5A). GPRC5A is highly expressed in breast cancer whereas in lung cancer, it is often downregulated. Here, we analyzed the function of GPRC5A in breast epithelial and breast cancer cells. Activation or expression of RhoA/C led to GPRC5A-dependent inhibition of proliferation and reduction of the colony forming capacity of benign breast epithelial cells. This effect is based on an inhibition of EGFR signalling. Knockout of retinoic acid induced 3 (RAI3, the gene for GPRC5A) in breast cancer cells increased cell division, whereas Rho activation had no effect on proliferation. Knockout of RAI3 in benign breast epithelial cells led to decrease of EGFR expression and diminished proliferation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Richter
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Albert-Str. 25, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Viktoria Oberländer
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Albert-Str. 25, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gudula Schmidt
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Albert-Str. 25, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
MicroRNA 345 (miR345) regulates KISS1-E-cadherin functional interaction in breast cancer brain metastases. Cancer Lett 2020; 481:24-31. [PMID: 32246957 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Brain metastases manifest the advanced stage of breast cancer disease with poor prognosis for patient survival. Recent reports demonstrate that some therapeutic agents can activate the expression of several breast cancer-associated genes, whose products are involved in the onset and development of brain metastases. In this study, we discovered a functional link between KISS1 and E-cadherin that could be observed in both primary brain metastatic lesions and paired cell lines, such as parental CN34TGL and MDA-MB-231 and their respective brain metastatic subclones CN34Brm2Ctgl and MDA-MB-231Br. Remarkably, expression of KISS1 and E-cadherin genes consistently showed an inverse correlation in all of the above cell/tissue types. While E-cadherin expression was strongly upregulated in metastatic clones isolated from blood and brain, the levels of this protein in parental MDA-MB-231 cell line was low. Furthermore, E-cadherin upregulation can be artificially induced in MDA-MB-231Br and CN34Brm2Ctgl cell populations by knocking down KISS1 expression directly or through overexpressing the miR345 mimic. In the aggregate, our data suggest that the tumor microenvironment, which controls breast cancer spreading via miR345-regulated KISS1 expression, might modulate metastatic spreading by a mechanism(s) involving upregulation of E-cadherin production.
Collapse
|
18
|
Ren J, Smid M, Iaria J, Salvatori DCF, van Dam H, Zhu HJ, Martens JWM, Ten Dijke P. Cancer-associated fibroblast-derived Gremlin 1 promotes breast cancer progression. Breast Cancer Res 2019; 21:109. [PMID: 31533776 PMCID: PMC6751614 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-019-1194-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) have been reported to maintain epithelial integrity and to antagonize the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ)-induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition. The expression of soluble BMP antagonists is dysregulated in cancers and interrupts proper BMP signaling in breast cancer. Methods In this study, we mined the prognostic role of BMP antagonists GREMLIN 1 (GREM1) in primary breast cancer tissues using in-house and publicly available datasets. We determined which cells express GREM1 RNA using in situ hybridization (ISH) on a breast cancer tissue microarray. The effects of Grem1 on the properties of breast cancer cells were assessed by measuring the mesenchymal/stem cell marker expression and functional cell-based assays for stemness and invasion. The role of Grem1 in breast cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) activation was measured by analyzing the expression of fibroblast markers, phalloidin staining, and collagen contraction assays. The role of Grem1 in CAF-induced breast cancer cell intravasation and extravasation was studied by utilizing xenograft zebrafish breast cancer (co-) injection models. Results Expression analysis of clinical breast cancer datasets revealed that high expression of GREM1 in breast cancer stroma is correlated with a poor prognosis regardless of the molecular subtype. The large majority of human breast cancer cell lines did not express GREM1 in vitro, but breast CAFs did express GREM1 both in vitro and in vivo. Transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) secreted by breast cancer cells, and also inflammatory cytokines, stimulated GREM1 expression in CAFs. Grem1 abrogated bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)/SMAD signaling in breast cancer cells and promoted their mesenchymal phenotype, stemness, and invasion. Moreover, Grem1 production by CAFs strongly promoted the fibrogenic activation of CAFs and promoted breast cancer cell intravasation and extravasation in co-injection xenograft zebrafish models. Conclusions Our results demonstrated that Grem1 is a pivotal factor in the reciprocal interplay between breast cancer cells and CAFs, which promotes cancer cell invasion. Targeting Grem1 could be beneficial in the treatment of breast cancer patients with high Grem1 expression. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13058-019-1194-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Ren
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Smid
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Josephine Iaria
- Department of Surgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Daniela C F Salvatori
- Central Laboratory Animal Facility, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Hans van Dam
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hong Jian Zhu
- Department of Surgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - John W M Martens
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Ten Dijke
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Xu C, Yan T, Yang J. OVOL1 inhibits oral squamous cell carcinoma growth and metastasis by suppressing zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2019; 12:2801-2808. [PMID: 31934116 PMCID: PMC6949574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lymph node metastasis is the primary cause of death in oral squamous-cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients, so understanding the underlying molecular mechanism is critical for treating metastatic OSCC. OVOL1, a transcription factor, functions as a "break" to repress metastasis in breast cancer and prostate cancer. AIMS To explore the roles of OVOL1 in the progression of OSCC, especially during metastasis. RESULTS The OVOL1 level was increased significantly in non-metastatic OSCC tissues and negatively correlated with ZEB1 level. OVOL1 repressed ZEB1 expression by directly binding to the promoter region of ZEB1. OVOL1 functioned as a tumor suppressor, and suppressed SCC-152 cells proliferation, migration, and invasion and promoted apoptosis. ZEB1 almost fully rescued the overexpressed OVOL1 function in SCC-152 cells. CONCLUSION OVOL1 overexpression contributes to the progression of OSCC through inhibiting ZEB1, which may provide a marker for prognosis in OSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunfeng Xu
- Department of Experimental Orofacial Medicine, Philipps UniversityMarburg, Germany
| | - Tingyuan Yan
- Department of Nanyuan Out-Patient, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNanjing 210029, China
| | - Jianrong Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNanjing 210029, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
TBL1 is required for the mesenchymal phenotype of transformed breast cancer cells. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:95. [PMID: 30705280 PMCID: PMC6355934 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1310-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and its reversion (MET) are related to tumor cell dissemination and migration, tumor circulating cell generation, cancer stem cells, chemoresistance, and metastasis formation. To identify chromatin and epigenetic factors possibly involved in the process of EMT, we compare the levels of expression of epigenetic genes in a transformed human breast epithelial cell line (HMEC-RAS) versus a stable clone of the same cell line expressing the EMT master regulator ZEB1 (HMEC-RAS-ZEB1). One of the factors strongly induced in the HMEC-RAS-ZEB1 cells was Transducin beta-like 1 (TBL1), a component of the NCoR complex, which has both corepressor and coactivator activities. We show that TBL1 interacts with ZEB1 and that both factors cooperate to repress the promoter of the epithelial gene E-cadherin (CDH1) and to autoactivate the ZEB1 promoter. Consistent with its central role, TBL1 is required for mesenchymal phenotypes of transformed breast epithelial and breast cancer cell lines of the claudin-low subtype. Importantly, a high expression of the TBL1 gene correlates with poor prognosis and increased proportion of metastasis in breast cancer patients, indicating that the level of TBL1 expression can be used as a prognostic marker.
Collapse
|
21
|
Maturi V, Enroth S, Heldin CH, Moustakas A. Genome-wide binding of transcription factor ZEB1 in triple-negative breast cancer cells. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:7113-7127. [PMID: 29744893 PMCID: PMC6055758 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) is a transcriptional regulator involved in embryonic development and cancer progression. ZEB1 induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Triple-negative human breast cancers express high ZEB1 mRNA levels and exhibit features of EMT. In the human triple-negative breast cancer cell model Hs578T, ZEB1 associates with almost 2,000 genes, representing many cellular functions, including cell polarity regulation (DLG2 and FAT3). By introducing a CRISPR-Cas9-mediated 30 bp deletion into the ZEB1 second exon, we observed reduced migratory and anchorage-independent growth capacity of these tumor cells. Transcriptomic analysis of control and ZEB1 knockout cells, revealed 1,372 differentially expressed genes. The TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 3 and the teneurin transmembrane protein 2 genes showed increased expression upon loss of ZEB1, possibly mediating pro-tumorigenic actions of ZEB1. This work provides a resource for regulators of cancer progression that function under the transcriptional control of ZEB1. The data confirm that removing a single EMT transcription factor, such as ZEB1, is not sufficient for reverting the triple-negative mesenchymal breast cancer cells into more differentiated, epithelial-like clones, but can reduce tumorigenic potential, suggesting that not all pro-tumorigenic actions of ZEB1 are linked to the EMT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Varun Maturi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, and Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Stefan Enroth
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Carl-Henrik Heldin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, and Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Aristidis Moustakas
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, and Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhang L, Ye Y, Long X, Xiao P, Ren X, Yu J. BMP signaling and its paradoxical effects in tumorigenesis and dissemination. Oncotarget 2018; 7:78206-78218. [PMID: 27661009 PMCID: PMC5363655 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) play important roles in embryonic and postnatal development by regulating cell differentiation, proliferation, motility, and survival, thus maintaining homeostasis during organ and tissue development. BMPs can lead to tumorigenesis and regulate cancer progression in different stages. Therefore, we summarized studies on BMP expression, the clinical significance of BMP dysfunction in various cancer types, and the molecular regulation of various BMP-related signaling pathways. We emphasized on the paradoxical effects of BMPs on various aspects of carcinogenesis, including epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), cancer stem cells (CSCs), and angiogenesis. We also reviewed the molecular mechanisms by which BMPs regulate tumor generation and progression as well as potential therapeutic targets against BMPs that might be valuable in preventing tumor growth and invasion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lijie Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Caner, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yingnan Ye
- Cancer Molecular Diagnostic Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Caner, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Xinxin Long
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Caner, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Pei Xiao
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Caner, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Xiubao Ren
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Caner, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Jinpu Yu
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Caner, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, P. R. China.,Cancer Molecular Diagnostic Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Caner, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Hou LK, Yu Y, Xie YG, Wang J, Mao JF, Zhang B, Wang X, Cao XC. miR-340 and ZEB1 negative feedback loop regulates TGF-β- mediated breast cancer progression. Oncotarget 2018; 7:26016-26. [PMID: 27036021 PMCID: PMC5041961 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs act as key regulators in carcinogenesis and progression in various cancers. In present study, we explored the role of miR-340 in the breast cancer progression. Our results showed that overexpression of miR-340 inhibits breast cancer cell proliferation and invasion, whereas depletion of miR-340 promotes breast cancer progression. Molecularly, ZEB1 was identified as a target gene of miR-340 and miR-340 suppressed the expression of ZEB1 by directly binding to the 3′-UTR of ZEB1. Furthermore, ZEB1 transcriptionally suppresses miR-340 expression. The negative feedback loop regulated TGF-β-mediated breast cancer progression. In conclusion, our data suggested that miR-340 acted as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Kun Hou
- The First Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Yue Yu
- The First Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Ye-Gong Xie
- The First Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Jie Wang
- The First Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Jie-Fei Mao
- The First Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- The First Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Xin Wang
- The First Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Xu-Chen Cao
- The First Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300060, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Tumor microenvironment promotes prostate cancer cell dissemination via the Akt/mTOR pathway. Oncotarget 2018; 9:9206-9218. [PMID: 29507684 PMCID: PMC5823632 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis causes high mortality in various malignancies, including prostate cancer (PCa). Accumulating data has suggested that cancer cells spread from the primary tumor to distant sites at early stage, which is characterized by disseminated tumor cells (DTCs). However, lack of direct evidence of partial localized PCa cells occurring epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and disseminating to distant sites (e.g bone marrow). In this study, we used luciferase labeled PCa cells to establish an EMT mouse model and to detect whether DTCs spread into the bone marrow. We observed tumor cells existing in mouse bone marrow when tumor grew subcutaneously at palpable stage. Studies also showed that ex vivo tumor cells exhibited increased proliferative, migratory, invasive and angiogenesis abilities. When compared ex vivo tumor cells with parental cells, hallmarks of EMT including E-cadherin, Vimentin, Snail, and ZO-1 were altered significantly. Specifically, the ex vivo tumor cells showed more mesenchymal properties. Angiogenesis markers, including VEGFR2, VEGFR3, MCP-3, I-TAC, I309, uPAR and GROα, were also increased in the ex vivo tumor cells. Intriguingly, MCP-1 expression was dramatically increased in those cells. Mechanistic analyses indicated that AP1 mediates PCa EMT and the appearance of DTCs via the Akt/mTOR pathway. This study may provide potential therapeutic targets and diagnostic biomarkers of PCa progression and metastasis.
Collapse
|
25
|
Zabkiewicz C, Resaul J, Hargest R, Jiang WG, Ye L. Bone morphogenetic proteins, breast cancer, and bone metastases: striking the right balance. Endocr Relat Cancer 2017; 24:R349-R366. [PMID: 28733469 PMCID: PMC5574206 DOI: 10.1530/erc-17-0139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) belong to the TGF-β super family, and are essential for the regulation of foetal development, tissue differentiation and homeostasis and a multitude of cellular functions. Naturally, this has led to the exploration of aberrance in this highly regulated system as a key factor in tumourigenesis. Originally identified for their role in osteogenesis and bone turnover, attention has been turned to the potential role of BMPs in tumour metastases to, and progression within, the bone niche. This is particularly pertinent to breast cancer, which commonly metastasises to bone, and in which studies have revealed aberrations of both BMP expression and signalling, which correlate clinically with breast cancer progression. Ultimately a BMP profile could provide new prognostic disease markers. As the evidence suggests a role for BMPs in regulating breast tumour cellular function, in particular interactions with tumour stroma and the bone metastatic microenvironment, there may be novel therapeutic potential in targeting BMP signalling in breast cancer. This review provides an update on the current knowledge of BMP abnormalities and their implication in the development and progression of breast cancer, particularly in the disease-specific bone metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Zabkiewicz
- Cardiff China Medical Research CollaborativeCardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - Jeyna Resaul
- Cardiff China Medical Research CollaborativeCardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - Rachel Hargest
- Cardiff China Medical Research CollaborativeCardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - Wen Guo Jiang
- Cardiff China Medical Research CollaborativeCardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - Lin Ye
- Cardiff China Medical Research CollaborativeCardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Preca BT, Bajdak K, Mock K, Lehmann W, Sundararajan V, Bronsert P, Matzge-Ogi A, Orian-Rousseau V, Brabletz S, Brabletz T, Maurer J, Stemmler MP. A novel ZEB1/HAS2 positive feedback loop promotes EMT in breast cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:11530-11543. [PMID: 28086235 PMCID: PMC5355283 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is the main reason for poor patient survival. Tumor cells delaminate from the primary tumor by induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT is mediated by key transcription factors, including ZEB1, activated by tumor cell interactions with stromal cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM). ZEB1-mediated EMT and motility is accompanied by substantial cell reprogramming and the acquisition of a stemness phenotype. However, understanding of the underlying mechanism is still incomplete. We identified hyaluronic acid (HA), one major ECM proteoglycan and enriched in mammary tumors, to support EMT and enhance ZEB1 expression in cooperation with CD44s. In breast cancer cell lines HA is synthesized mainly by HAS2, which was already shown to be implicated in cancer progression. ZEB1 and HAS2 expression strongly correlates in various cancer entities and high HAS2 levels associate with an early relapse. We identified HAS2, tumor cell-derived HA and ZEB1 to form a positive feedback loop as ZEB1, elevated by HA, directly activates HAS2 expression. In an in vitro differentiation model HA-conditioned medium of breast cancer cells is enhancing osteoclast formation, an indicator of tumor cell-induced osteolysis that facilitates formation of bone metastasis. In combination with the previously identified ZEB1/ESRP1/CD44s feedback loop, we found a novel autocrine mechanism how ZEB1 is accelerating EMT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan-Tiberius Preca
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Karolina Bajdak
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kerstin Mock
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Waltraut Lehmann
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Vignesh Sundararajan
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Peter Bronsert
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute for Surgical Pathology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany.,Tumorbank Comprehensive Cancer Center Freiburg, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Matzge-Ogi
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Amcure GmbH, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Véronique Orian-Rousseau
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Simone Brabletz
- Department of Experimental Medicine I, Nikolaus-Fiebiger Center for Molecular Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thomas Brabletz
- Department of Experimental Medicine I, Nikolaus-Fiebiger Center for Molecular Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jochen Maurer
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marc P Stemmler
- Department of Experimental Medicine I, Nikolaus-Fiebiger Center for Molecular Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
Rho GTPases are regulators of many cellular functions and are often dysregulated in cancer. However, the precise role of Rho proteins for tumor development is not well understood. In breast cancer, overexpression of RhoC is linked with poor prognosis. Here, we aim to compare the function of RhoC and its homolog family member RhoA in breast cancer progression. We established stable breast epithelial cell lines with inducible expression of RhoA and RhoC, respectively. Moreover, we made use of Rho-activating bacterial toxins (Cytotoxic Necrotizing Factors) to stimulate the endogenous pool of Rho GTPases in benign breast epithelial cells and simultaneously knocked down specific Rho proteins. Whereas activation of Rho GTPases was sufficient to induce an invasive phenotype in three-dimensional culture systems, overexpression of RhoA or RhoC were not. However, RhoC but not RhoA was required for invasion, whereas RhoA and RhoC equally regulated proliferation. We further identified downstream target genes of RhoC involved in invasion and identified PTGS2 (COX-2) being preferentially upregulated by RhoC. Consistently, the COX-2 inhibitor Celecoxib blocked the invasive phenotype induced by the Rho-activating toxins.
Collapse
|
28
|
Belongie KJ, Ferrannini E, Johnson K, Andrade-Gordon P, Hansen MK, Petrie JR. Identification of novel biomarkers to monitor β-cell function and enable early detection of type 2 diabetes risk. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182932. [PMID: 28846711 PMCID: PMC5573304 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A decline in β-cell function is a prerequisite for the development of type 2 diabetes, yet the level of β-cell function in individuals at risk of the condition is rarely measured. This is due, in part, to the fact that current methods for assessing β-cell function are inaccurate, prone to error, labor-intensive, or affected by glucose-lowering therapy. The aim of the current study was to identify novel circulating biomarkers to monitor β-cell function and to identify individuals at high risk of developing β-cell dysfunction. In a nested case-control study from the Relationship between Insulin Sensitivity and Cardiovascular disease (RISC) cohort (n = 1157), proteomics and miRNA profiling were performed on fasting plasma samples from 43 individuals who progressed to impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and 43 controls who maintained normal glucose tolerance (NGT) over three years. Groups were matched at baseline for age, gender, body mass index (BMI), insulin sensitivity (euglycemic clamp) and β-cell glucose sensitivity (mathematical modeling). Proteomic profiling was performed using the SomaLogic platform (Colorado, USA); miRNA expression was performed using a modified RT-PCR protocol (Regulus Therapeutics, California, USA). Results showed differentially expressed proteins and miRNAs including some with known links to type 2 diabetes, such as adiponectin, but also novel biomarkers and pathways. In cross sectional analysis at year 3, the top differentially expressed biomarkers in people with IGT/ reduced β-cell glucose sensitivity were adiponectin, alpha1-antitrypsin (known to regulate adiponectin levels), endocan, miR-181a, miR-342, and miR-323. At baseline, adiponectin, cathepsin D and NCAM.L1 (proteins expressed by pancreatic β-cells) were significantly lower in those that progressed to IGT. Many of the novel prognostic biomarker candidates were within the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway: for example, Noggin, DLL4 and miR-181a. Further validation studies are required in additional clinical cohorts and in patients with type 2 diabetes, but these results identify novel pathways and biomarkers that may have utility in monitoring β-cell function and/ or predicting future decline, allowing more targeted efforts to prevent and intercept type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirstine J. Belongie
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Research, Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | | | - Kjell Johnson
- Arbor Analytics, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Patricia Andrade-Gordon
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Research, Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Michael K. Hansen
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Research, Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - John R. Petrie
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Sakata J, Utsumi F, Suzuki S, Niimi K, Yamamoto E, Shibata K, Senga T, Kikkawa F, Kajiyama H. Inhibition of ZEB1 leads to inversion of metastatic characteristics and restoration of paclitaxel sensitivity of chronic chemoresistant ovarian carcinoma cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:99482-99494. [PMID: 29245917 PMCID: PMC5725108 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
ZEB1, a member of the zinc-finger E-box binding homeobox family, is considered to play a crucial role in cancer progression and metastasis. In the current study, we investigated the role of ZEB1 in metastasis and chronic chemoresistance of epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) cells. Using several EOC and acquired paclitaxel (PTX)-resistant EOC cell lines, we investigated whether silencing ZEB1 led to a reversal of the chemoresistance and metastatic potential in vitro and in vivo. Subsequently, the expression of ZEB1 in EOC tissues and its association with the oncologic outcome were investigated. According to the immunohistochemical staining of EOC tissues, as the positivity of ZEB1 expression was increased, the overall survival of EOC patients became poorer (P = 0.0022 for trend). Additionally, cell migration and invasion were significantly decreased by ZEB1 silencing in both PTX-sensitive and PTX- resistant cells. Although PTX-sensitivity was not changed by silencing ZEB1 in parental EOC cells, the depletion of ZEB1 made the PTX-resistant EOC cells more sensitive to PTX treatment. In an animal model, mice injected with ZEB1-silencing PTX-resistant cells survived for longer than the control cell-injected mice. Although the intravenous injection of PTX did not affect the tumor weight of shCtrl cells, the tumor weight of shZEB1 cells was significantly reduced by PTX treatment. The current data indicate the possible involvement of ZEB1 in the metastasis and paclitaxel resistance of EOC, and suggest that targeting this molecule may reverse the malignant potential and improve the oncologic outcome for EOC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Sakata
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Fumi Utsumi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shiro Suzuki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kaoru Niimi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Eiko Yamamoto
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kiyosumi Shibata
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Banbuntane Hotokukai, Fujita Health University, Fujita, Japan
| | - Takeshi Senga
- Division of Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Fumitaka Kikkawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kajiyama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Bado I, Gugala Z, Fuqua SAW, Zhang XHF. Estrogen receptors in breast and bone: from virtue of remodeling to vileness of metastasis. Oncogene 2017; 36:4527-4537. [PMID: 28368409 PMCID: PMC5552443 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bone metastasis is a prominent cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer. High rates of bone colonization in breast cancer, especially in the subtype expressing estrogen receptors (ERs), suggest tissue-specific proclivities for metastatic tumor formation. The mechanisms behind this subtype-specific organ-tropism remains largely elusive. Interestingly, as the major driver of ER+ breast cancer, ERs also have important roles in bone development and homeostasis. Thus, any agents targeting ER will also inevitably affect the microenvironment, which involves the osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Yet, how such microenvironmental effects are integrated with direct therapeutic responses of cancer cells remain poorly understood. Recent findings on ER mutations, especially their enrichment in bone metastasis, raised even more provocative questions on the role of ER in cancer-bone interaction. In this review, we evaluate the importance of ERs in bone metastasis and discuss new avenues of investigation for bone metastasis treatment based on current knowledge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Igor Bado
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030
| | - Zbigniew Gugala
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555
| | - Suzanne A. W. Fuqua
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030
| | - Xiang H.-F. Zhang
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030
- McNair Medical Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Chen PC, Tai HC, Lin TH, Wang SW, Lin CY, Chao CC, Yu HJ, Tsai YC, Lai YW, Lin CW, Tang CH. CCN3 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition in prostate cancer via FAK/Akt/HIF-1α-induced twist expression. Oncotarget 2017; 8:74506-74518. [PMID: 29088803 PMCID: PMC5650358 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has received considerable attention as a conceptual paradigm for explaining metastatic behavior during cancer progression. NOV/CCN3 is a matrix-associated protein involved in many cellular functions. Previous studies have shown that CCN3 expression is upregulated in prostate cancer (PCa) cells and in PCa patients. In this study, we have provided evidence of tumor promoting effects of CCN3, which includes induction of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and tumor metastasis. We used an orthotopic in vivo model to demonstrate the prometastatic effects of CCN3. Overexpression or knockdown of CCN3 changed the EMT phenotype in PCa cells. Moreover, treatment with recombinant CCN3 promoted EMT in PCa cells. We also found that CCN3 may promote EMT by activating the FAK/Akt/HIF-1α pathway and this activation is responsible for Twist expression. IHC staining confirmed a positive correlation between the expression of CCN3, Twist, and tumor stage in PCa tissue. Our findings provide insight into the involvement of CCN3 in the EMT regulation of prostate cancer. CCN3 is a promising molecular target that may contribute to a novel therapeutic strategy against metastatic PCa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Po-Chun Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Huai-Ching Tai
- Department of Urology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Fu-Jen Catholic University Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Huang Lin
- Department of Urology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital Taichung Branch, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Wei Wang
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chia Chao
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Jeng Yu
- Department of Urology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chieh Tsai
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wei Lai
- Division of Urology, Taipei City Hospital Renai Branch, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Wen Lin
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Kast RE, Skuli N, Cos S, Karpel-Massler G, Shiozawa Y, Goshen R, Halatsch ME. The ABC7 regimen: a new approach to metastatic breast cancer using seven common drugs to inhibit epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and augment capecitabine efficacy. BREAST CANCER-TARGETS AND THERAPY 2017; 9:495-514. [PMID: 28744157 PMCID: PMC5513700 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s139963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer metastatic to bone has a poor prognosis despite recent advances in our understanding of the biology of both bone and breast cancer. This article presents a new approach, the ABC7 regimen (Adjuvant for Breast Cancer treatment using seven repurposed drugs), to metastatic breast cancer. ABC7 aims to defeat aspects of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) that lead to dissemination of breast cancer to bone. As add-on to current standard treatment with capecitabine, ABC7 uses ancillary attributes of seven already-marketed noncancer treatment drugs to stop both the natural EMT process inherent to breast cancer and the added EMT occurring as a response to current treatment modalities. Chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery provoke EMT in cancer generally and in breast cancer specifically. ABC7 uses standard doses of capecitabine as used in treating breast cancer today. In addition, ABC7 uses 1) an older psychiatric drug, quetiapine, to block RANK signaling; 2) pirfenidone, an anti-fibrosis drug to block TGF-beta signaling; 3) rifabutin, an antibiotic to block beta-catenin signaling; 4) metformin, a first-line antidiabetic drug to stimulate AMPK and inhibit mammalian target of rapamycin, (mTOR); 5) propranolol, a beta-blocker to block beta-adrenergic signaling; 6) agomelatine, a melatonergic antidepressant to stimulate M1 and M2 melatonergic receptors; and 7) ribavirin, an antiviral drug to prevent eIF4E phosphorylation. All these block the signaling pathways - RANK, TGF-beta, mTOR, beta-adrenergic receptors, and phosphorylated eIF4E - that have been shown to trigger EMT and enhance breast cancer growth and so are worthwhile targets to inhibit. Agonism at MT1 and MT2 melatonergic receptors has been shown to inhibit both breast cancer EMT and growth. This ensemble was designed to be safe and augment capecitabine efficacy. Given the expected outcome of metastatic breast cancer as it stands today, ABC7 warrants a cautious trial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicolas Skuli
- INSERM, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse - CRCT, UMR1037 Inserm/Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Samuel Cos
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Valdecilla Research Institute (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | | | - Yusuke Shiozawa
- Department of Cancer Biology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Ran Goshen
- Eliaso Consulting Ltd., Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
The EMT-activator Zeb1 is a key factor for cell plasticity and promotes metastasis in pancreatic cancer. Nat Cell Biol 2017; 19:518-529. [PMID: 28414315 DOI: 10.1038/ncb3513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 678] [Impact Index Per Article: 96.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is the major cause of cancer-associated death. Partial activation of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition program (partial EMT) was considered a major driver of tumour progression from initiation to metastasis. However, the role of EMT in promoting metastasis has recently been challenged, in particular concerning effects of the Snail and Twist EMT transcription factors (EMT-TFs) in pancreatic cancer. In contrast, we show here that in the same pancreatic cancer model, driven by Pdx1-cre-mediated activation of mutant Kras and p53 (KPC model), the EMT-TF Zeb1 is a key factor for the formation of precursor lesions, invasion and notably metastasis. Depletion of Zeb1 suppresses stemness, colonization capacity and in particular phenotypic/metabolic plasticity of tumour cells, probably causing the observed in vivo effects. Accordingly, we conclude that different EMT-TFs have complementary subfunctions in driving pancreatic tumour metastasis. Therapeutic strategies should consider these potential specificities of EMT-TFs to target these factors simultaneously.
Collapse
|
34
|
Bellanger A, Donini CF, Vendrell JA, Lavaud J, Machuca-Gayet I, Ruel M, Vollaire J, Grisard E, Győrffy B, Bièche I, Peyruchaud O, Coll JL, Treilleux I, Maguer-Satta V, Josserand V, Cohen PA. The critical role of the ZNF217 oncogene in promoting breast cancer metastasis to the bone. J Pathol 2017; 242:73-89. [PMID: 28207159 DOI: 10.1002/path.4882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Bone metastasis affects >70% of patients with advanced breast cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this process remain unclear. On the basis of analysis of clinical datasets, and in vitro and in vivo experiments, we report that the ZNF217 oncogene is a crucial mediator and indicator of bone metastasis. Patients with high ZNF217 mRNA expression levels in primary breast tumours had a higher risk of developing bone metastases. MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells stably transfected with ZNF217 (MDA-MB-231-ZNF217) showed the dysregulated expression of a set of genes with bone-homing and metastasis characteristics, which overlapped with two previously described 'osteolytic bone metastasis' gene signatures, while also highlighting the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) pathway. The latter was activated in MDA-MB-231-ZNF217 cells, and its silencing by inhibitors (Noggin and LDN-193189) was sufficient to rescue ZNF217-dependent cell migration, invasion or chemotaxis towards the bone environment. Finally, by using non-invasive multimodal in vivo imaging, we found that ZNF217 increases the metastatic growth rate in the bone and accelerates the development of severe osteolytic lesions. Altogether, the findings of this study highlight ZNF217 as an indicator of the emergence of breast cancer bone metastasis; future therapies targeting ZNF217 and/or the BMP signalling pathway may be beneficial by preventing the development of bone metastases. Copyright © 2017 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Bellanger
- Univ. Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Univ. Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Caterina F Donini
- Univ. Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Univ. Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,Unité Cancer et Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Julie A Vendrell
- Univ. Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Univ. Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Jonathan Lavaud
- INSERM U1209, Institut Albert Bonniot, Grenoble, France.,Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut Albert Bonniot, Grenoble, France
| | - Irma Machuca-Gayet
- Univ. Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,INSERM, Unit 1033 (Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est), Lyon, France
| | - Maëva Ruel
- Univ. Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Univ. Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Julien Vollaire
- INSERM U1209, Institut Albert Bonniot, Grenoble, France.,Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut Albert Bonniot, Grenoble, France
| | - Evelyne Grisard
- Univ. Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Univ. Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Balázs Győrffy
- MTA TTK Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Budapest, Hungary.,Second Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ivan Bièche
- Unit of Pharmacogenetics, Department of Genetics, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Peyruchaud
- Univ. Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,INSERM, Unit 1033 (Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est), Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Luc Coll
- INSERM U1209, Institut Albert Bonniot, Grenoble, France.,Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut Albert Bonniot, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Véronique Maguer-Satta
- Univ. Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Véronique Josserand
- INSERM U1209, Institut Albert Bonniot, Grenoble, France.,Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut Albert Bonniot, Grenoble, France
| | - Pascale A Cohen
- Univ. Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Univ. Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Brabletz S, Lasierra Losada M, Schmalhofer O, Mitschke J, Krebs A, Brabletz T, Stemmler MP. Generation and characterization of mice for conditional inactivation of Zeb1. Genesis 2017; 55. [PMID: 28176446 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.23024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The multizinc finger containing transcription factor ZEB1 plays crucial roles during various aspects of mammalian development and tumorigenesis. Best studied in human tumors, ZEB1 is activating the embryo-derived program of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The aberrant activation of EMT confers an invasive metastasizing phenotype with acquisition of stem cell properties and resistance to radio- and chemotherapy. Although ZEB1 has very important functions in tumor progression, not much is known about its role in physiological contexts and during development and homeostasis. We describe the generation of Zeb1flox/flox mice carrying a targeted mutation for conditional Zeb1 gene inactivation and show that homozygous Zeb1-depletion in the germline results in a phenotype similar to the conventional Zeb1 knockout.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Brabletz
- Department of Experimental Medicine I, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger Center for Molecular Medicine, Erlangen, Germany
| | - María Lasierra Losada
- Department of Experimental Medicine I, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger Center for Molecular Medicine, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Otto Schmalhofer
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Julia Mitschke
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Angela Krebs
- Department of Experimental Medicine I, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger Center for Molecular Medicine, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thomas Brabletz
- Department of Experimental Medicine I, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger Center for Molecular Medicine, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Marc P Stemmler
- Department of Experimental Medicine I, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger Center for Molecular Medicine, Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Yao X, Sun S, Zhou X, Zhang Q, Guo W, Zhang L. Clinicopathological significance of ZEB-1 and E-cadherin proteins in patients with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2017; 10:781-790. [PMID: 28243114 PMCID: PMC5315354 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s111920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Zinc-finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB-1), a member of the ZFH family, plays a key role in epithelial–mesenchymal transition during tumor progression in various cancers. However, little information is available on ZEB-1 expression in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Methods The expression levels of ZEB-1 and E-cadherin were assessed by immunohistochemistry in a cohort of 120 patients with OSCC treated by curative operation, and then the correlations between ZEB-1 and E-cadherin expression and clinical factors were evaluated, including patient prognosis. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assays were performed to assess mRNA levels of ZEB-1 and E-cadherin in 20 matched OSCC specimens. Results Patients were followed up for a median period of 66 months (range 8−116 months), and 5-year overall survival was 68.3%. Positive ZEB-1 and E-cadherin immunostaining reactivity was detected in 64 (53.3%) and 53 (44.2%) patients, respectively. There was a negative correlation between ZEB-1 expression and E-cadherin expression. In addition, overexpression of ZEB-1 was significantly associated with recurrence, lymph node metastasis, and pathologic grading of patients, loss of E-cadherin was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis and pathologic grading of patients. Univariate analysis showed that increased ZEB-1 expression, loss of E-cadherin expression, lymph node metastasis, recurrence, and pathology grade were prognostic factors. In multivariate analysis, increased ZEB-1 expression and recurrence remained independent prognostic factors. In particular, patients with both ZEB-1 positivity and loss of E-cadherin expression had a poorer prognosis. qRT-PCR showed that ZEB-1 mRNA expression was higher in OSCC compared to the adjacent nontumorous tissues, while E-cadherin mRNA expression was lower in tumor tissues. Conclusion This study shows that overexpression of ZEB-1 and loss of E-cadherin expression are significantly correlated with poor survival in OSCC patients, and ZEB-1 expression might serve as an independent prognostic biomarker of OSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Yao
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Sun
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyu Guo
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Lun Zhang
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Zaid KW, Chantiri M, Bassit G. Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 in Development and Progression of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 17:927-32. [PMID: 27039814 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2016.17.3.927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), belonging to the transforming growth factor-β superfamily, regulate many cellular activities including cell migration, differentiation, adhesion, proliferation and apoptosis. Use of recombinant human bone morphogenic protein?2 (rhBMP?2) in oral and maxillofacial surgery has seen a tremendous increase. Due to its role in many cellular pathways, the influence of this protein on carcinogenesis in different organs has been intensively studied over the past decade. BMPs also have been detected to have a role in the development and progression of many tumors, particularly disease-specific bone metastasis. In oral squamous cell carcinoma - the tumor type accounting for more than 90% of head and neck malignancies- aberrations of both BMP expression and associated signaling pathways have a certain relation with the development and progression of the disease by regulating a range of biological functions in the altered cells. In the current review, we discuss the influence of BMPs -especially rhBMP-2- in the development and progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Waleed Zaid
- Department of Oral Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Damascus University, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic E-mail :
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Implications of Hypoxia in Breast Cancer Metastasis to Bone. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17101669. [PMID: 27706047 PMCID: PMC5085702 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17101669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Most solid tumors contain regions of hypoxia in which increased cell proliferation promotes increased oxygen consumption and the condition is further exacerbated as cancer cells become localized far from a functional blood vessel, further decreasing the oxygen supply. An important mechanism that promotes cell adaptation to hypoxic conditions is the expression of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs). Hypoxia-inducible factors transcriptionally regulate many genes involved in the invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cells. Patients, whose primary tumor biopsies show high HIF expression levels, have a greater risk of metastasis. The current review will highlight the potential role of hypoxia in breast cancer metastasis to the bone by considering the regulation of many steps in the metastatic process that include invasion, migration, margination and extravasation, as well as homing signals and regulation of the bone microenvironment.
Collapse
|
39
|
Leto G, Incorvaia L, Flandina C, Ancona C, Fulfaro F, Crescimanno M, Sepporta MV, Badalamenti G. Clinical Impact of Cystatin C/Cathepsin L and Follistatin/Activin A Systems in Breast Cancer Progression: A Preliminary Report. Cancer Invest 2016; 34:415-423. [DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2016.1222416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Leto
- Department of Sciences for Health Promotion, School of Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Lorena Incorvaia
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Carla Flandina
- Department of Sciences for Health Promotion, School of Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Chiara Ancona
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Fabio Fulfaro
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marilena Crescimanno
- Department of Sciences for Health Promotion, School of Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Badalamenti
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Sato R, Semba T, Saya H, Arima Y. Concise Review: Stem Cells and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Cancer: Biological Implications and Therapeutic Targets. Stem Cells 2016; 34:1997-2007. [PMID: 27251010 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) constitute a small subpopulation of cancer cells with stem-like properties that are able to self-renew, generate differentiated daughter cells, and give rise to heterogeneous tumor tissue. Tumor heterogeneity is a hallmark of cancer and underlies resistance to anticancer therapies and disease progression. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a reversible phenomenon that is mediated by EMT-inducing transcription factors (EMT-TFs) and plays an important role in normal organ development, wound healing, and the invasiveness of cancer cells. Recent evidence showing that overexpression of several EMT-TFs is associated with stemness in cancer cells has suggested the existence of a link between EMT and CSCs. In this review, we focus on the roles of CSCs and EMT signaling in driving tumor heterogeneity. A better understanding of the dynamics of both CSCs and EMT-TFs in the generation of tumor heterogeneity may provide a basis for the development of new treatment options for cancer patients. Stem Cells 2016;34:1997-2007.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Sato
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takashi Semba
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Saya
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Arima
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Mechanisms of action of bone morphogenetic proteins in cancer. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2015; 27:81-92. [PMID: 26678814 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2015.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) play fundamental roles in embryonic development and control differentiation of a diverse set of cell types. It is therefore of no surprise that the BMPs also contribute to the process of tumourigenesis and regulate cancer progression through various stages. We summarise here key roles of BMP ligands, receptors, their signalling mediators, mainly focusing on proteins of the Smad family, and extracellular antagonists, that contribute to the onset of tumourigenesis and to cancer progression in diverse tissues. Overall, the BMP pathways seem to act as tumour suppressors that maintain physiological tissue homeostasis and which are perturbed in cancer either via genetic mutation or via epigenetic misregulation of key gene components. BMPs also control the self-renewal and fate choices made by stem cells in several tissues. By promoting cell differentiation, including inhibition of the process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition, BMPs contribute to the malignant progression of cancer at advanced stages. It is therefore reasonable that pharmaceutical industries continuously develop biological agents and chemical modulators of BMP signalling with the aim to improve therapeutic regimes against several types of cancer.
Collapse
|