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Zeng Y, Zhu C, Huang E, Xun Z, Zhang Y, Chen T, Lin C, Fu Y, Wu S, Yang B, Ou Q, Liu C. Detection of serum large and middle hepatitis B virus surface proteins: A novel potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for chronic hepatitis B. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 553:117739. [PMID: 38145642 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The significance of large (LHB) and middle (MHB) HBV surface proteins in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) remains uncertain. This study investigates the role of LHB and MHB in different infection phases and liver diseases. METHODS Serum samples from 217 patients with HBV chronic infection, CHB, liver cirrhosis (LC), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were subjected to quantification of LHB and MHB using ELISA. RESULTS Positive correlations were observed among LHB, MHB, and LHB/HBsAg, with HBV serum markers including HBsAg, HBeAg, and HBV DNA. (P < 0.0001). In HBeAg-positive chronic infection, LHB and MHB were higher than in HBeAg-positive CHB (P < 0.01). In HBeAg-negative chronic infection, LHB and MHB were lower than in HBeAg-negative CHB (P < 0.01). ROC analysis identified LHB and MHB as potential discriminators of CHB and chronic infection. LC and HCC exhibited lower LHB, MHB, and MHB/HBsAg than CHB (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis found that age and the MHB/HBsAg serve as independent factors for the progression of CHB to end stage of liver disease. CONCLUSIONS LHB and MHB emerge as novel biomarkers distinguishing chronic infection and CHB. MHB/HBsAg shows promise as a predictor for CHB progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbin Zeng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Gene Diagnostic Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine of Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chenggong Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Gene Diagnostic Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine of Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Er Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Gene Diagnostic Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine of Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhen Xun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Gene Diagnostic Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine of Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yanfang Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Gene Diagnostic Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine of Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Tianbin Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Gene Diagnostic Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine of Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Caorui Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Gene Diagnostic Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine of Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ya Fu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Gene Diagnostic Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine of Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Songhang Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Gene Diagnostic Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine of Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Gene Diagnostic Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine of Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qishui Ou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Gene Diagnostic Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine of Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Can Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Gene Diagnostic Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine of Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
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Wang Z, Li N, Cai P, Zhang C, Cao G, Yin J. Mechanism of HBx carcinogenesis interaction with non-coding RNA in hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1249198. [PMID: 37746253 PMCID: PMC10517716 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1249198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an extremely malignant tumor that affects individuals throughout the world. One of the main causes of HCC is hepatitis B virus (HBV). Therefore, it is crucial to understand the mechanisms underlying HBV carcinogenesis. Increasing evidence suggests that the HBV X protein (HBx), which is encoded by HBV, plays a significant role in cell apoptosis, DNA damage repair, and cell cycle regulation. This ultimately leads to the development of HCC. Additionally, recent studies have shown that non-coding RNA (ncRNA) also contributes to the carcinogenesis and pathogenesis of different of tumors. ncRNA plays a significant role in the formation of HCC by regulating the inflammatory signaling pathway, activating immune cells, and modifying epigenetics. However, it remains unclear whether ncRNA is involved in the regulation of the carcinogenic mechanisms of HBx. This article reviews the carcinogenic mechanism of HBx and its interaction with ncRNA, providing a novel strategy for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoran Wang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery I (Ward I), Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Hepatic Surgery I (Ward I), Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Cai
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Navy Medicine, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cunzhen Zhang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery I (Ward I), Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangwen Cao
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Navy Medicine, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianhua Yin
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Navy Medicine, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
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HBV Promotes the Proliferation of Liver Cancer Cells through the hsa_circ_0000847/miR-135a Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:7332337. [PMID: 36159567 PMCID: PMC9499759 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7332337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is currently one of the most common tumors, with a high morbidity and mortality rate. HCC induced by persistent hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the most common liver cancer subtype at present, and HBV-related HCC is highly malignant and its development mechanism still needs to be explored in depth. This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanism of hsa_circ_0000847 targeting miR-135a-5p (miR-135a) to regulate the proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis of liver cancer cells. The study found that the expression level of hsa_circ_0000847 in liver cancer tissues and cells was significantly increased, while the expression level of miR-135a was significantly decreased. Hsa_circ_0000847 promoted the proliferation of liver cancer cells and elevated the expression of the proliferation-related protein. In addition, hsa_circ_0000847 could promote the invasion of HBV-infected liver cancer cells and inhibit the cell apoptosis of liver cancer cells. At the same time, it significantly promoted the expression of antiapoptotic proteins and inhibited the expression of proapoptotic protein. Interestingly, the dual luciferase experiment proved that hsa_circ_0000847 directly targeted miR-135a. On the other hand, the combined effect of hsa_circ_0000847 and miR-135a further illustrated the effect of hsa_circ_0000847 on the proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis of liver cancer cells. In addition, further experiments have also found that HBV could promote the expression of p-p38, p-ERK, and p-JNK through the hsa_circ_0000847/miR-135a axis, thereby further activating the MAPK pathway. In short, HBV promotes the proliferation and invasion of liver cancer cells and inhibits apoptosis by regulating the hsa_circ_0000847/miR-135a pathway, which provided a theoretical basis for effective treatment of HBV-infected liver cancers.
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Xiao G, Wang Q, Ding M, Zhang Z, Zhu W, Chang J, Fu Y. miR-338-3p Inhibits Apoptosis Evasion in Huh7 Liver Cancer Cells by Targeting Sirtuin 6. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s002209302205012x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Hu H, Zhang T, Wu Y, Deng M, Deng H, Yang X. Cross-regulation between microRNAs and key proteins of signaling pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 16:753-765. [PMID: 35833844 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2022.2101994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a subtype of primary liver cancer and a major cause of death. Although miRNA plays an important role in hepatocellular carcinoma, the specific regulatory network remains unclear. Therefore, this paper comprehensively describes the miRNA-related signaling pathways in HCC and the possible interactions among different signaling pathways. The aim is to lay the foundation for the discovery of new molecular targets and multi-target therapy. AREAS COVERED Based on miRNA, HCC, and signaling pathways, the literature was searched on Web of Science and PubMed. Then, common targets between different signaling pathways were found from KEGG database, and possible cross-regulation mechanisms were further studied. In this review, we elaborated from two aspects, respectively, laying a foundation for studying the regulatory mechanism and potential targets of miRNA in HCC. EXPERT OPINION Non-coding RNAs have become notable molecules in cancer research in recent years, and many types of targeted drugs have emerged. From the outset, molecular targets and signal pathways are interlinked, which suggests that signal pathways and regulatory networks should be concerned in basic research, which also provides a strong direction for future mechanism research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihong Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Taolan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital, Pharmacy Department, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Yiwen Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Meina Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Huiling Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China.,The Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
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6
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Abstract
The Hippo pathway plays critical roles in controlling cell proliferation, and its dysregulation is widely implicated in numerous human cancers. YAP, a Hippo signaling effector, often acts as a nexus and integrator for multiple prominent signaling networks. In this study, we discover NF-κB cross talk with the Hippo pathway and identify p65 as a critical regulator for YAP nuclear retention and transcriptional activity. Furthermore, we find that p65-induced YAP activation is essential for maintaining the proliferation of ATL cells in vitro and in vivo. Our findings unravel the functional interplay between NF-κB and YAP signaling and provide mechanistic insights into the YAP-dependent growth control pathway and tumorigenesis. Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is an aggressive malignancy caused by human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection. HTLV-1 exerts its oncogenic functions by interacting with signaling pathways involved in cell proliferation and transformation. Dysregulation of the Hippo/YAP pathway is associated with multiple cancers, including virus-induced malignancies. In the present study, we observe that expression of YAP, which is the key effector of Hippo signaling, is elevated in ATL cells by the action of the HTLV-1 Tax protein. YAP transcriptional activity is remarkably enhanced in HTLV-1–infected cells and ATL patients. In addition, Tax activates the YAP protein via a mechanism involving the NF-κB/p65 pathway. As a mechanism for this cross talk between the Hippo and NF-κB pathways, we found that p65 abrogates the interaction between YAP and LATS1, leading to suppression of YAP phosphorylation, inhibition of ubiquitination-dependent degradation of YAP, and YAP nuclear accumulation. Finally, knockdown of YAP suppresses the proliferation of ATL cells in vitro and tumor formation in ATL-engrafted mice. Taken together, our results suggest that p65-induced YAP activation is essential for ATL pathogenesis and implicate YAP as a potential therapeutic target for ATL treatment.
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Hatterschide J, Castagnino P, Kim HW, Sperry SM, Montone KT, Basu D, White EA. YAP1 activation by human papillomavirus E7 promotes basal cell identity in squamous epithelia. eLife 2022; 11:75466. [PMID: 35170430 PMCID: PMC8959598 DOI: 10.7554/elife.75466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection of stratified squamous epithelial cells causes nearly 5% of cancer cases worldwide. HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancers harbor few mutations in the Hippo signaling pathway compared to HPV-negative cancers at the same anatomical site, prompting the hypothesis that an HPV-encoded protein inactivates the Hippo pathway and activates the Hippo effector yes-associated protein (YAP1). The HPV E7 oncoprotein is required for HPV infection and for HPV-mediated oncogenic transformation. We investigated the effects of HPV oncoproteins on YAP1 and found that E7 activates YAP1, promoting YAP1 nuclear localization in basal epithelial cells. YAP1 activation by HPV E7 required that E7 binds and degrades the tumor suppressor protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 14 (PTPN14). E7 required YAP1 transcriptional activity to extend the lifespan of primary keratinocytes, indicating that YAP1 activation contributes to E7 carcinogenic activity. Maintaining infection in basal cells is critical for HPV persistence, and here we demonstrate that YAP1 activation causes HPV E7 expressing cells to be retained in the basal compartment of stratified epithelia. We propose that YAP1 activation resulting from PTPN14 inactivation is an essential, targetable activity of the HPV E7 oncoprotein relevant to HPV infection and carcinogenesis. The ‘epithelial’ cells that cover our bodies are in a constant state of turnover. Every few weeks, the outermost layers die and are replaced by new cells from the layers below. For scientists, this raises a difficult question. Cells infected by human papillomaviruses, often known as HPV, can become cancerous over years or even decades. How do infected cells survive while the healthy cells around them mature and get replaced? One clue could lie in PTPN14, a human protein which many papillomaviruses eliminate using their viral E7 protein; this mechanism could be essential for the virus to replicate and cause cancer. To find out the impact of losing PTPN14, Hatterschide et al. used human epithelial cells to make three-dimensional models of infected tissues. These experiments showed that, when papillomaviruses destroy PTPN14, a human protein called YAP1 turns on in the lowest, most long-lived layer of the tissue. Cells in which YAP1 is activated survive while those that carry the inactive version mature and die. This suggests that papillomaviruses turn on YAP1 to remain in tissues for long periods. Papillomaviruses cause about five percent of all human cancers. Finding ways to stop them from activating YAP1 has the potential to prevent disease. Overall, the research by Hatterschide et al. also sheds light on other epithelial cancers which are not caused by viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Hatterschide
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Paola Castagnino
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Hee Won Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Steven M Sperry
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Aurora St. Luke's Medical Center, Milwaukee, United States
| | - Kathleen T Montone
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Devraj Basu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Elizabeth A White
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
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Elpek GO. Molecular pathways in viral hepatitis-associated liver carcinogenesis: An update. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:4890-4917. [PMID: 34307543 PMCID: PMC8283590 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i19.4890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of cancer among primary malignant tumors of the liver and is a consequential cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. In recent years, uncovering the molecular mechanisms involved in the development and behavior of this tumor has led to the identification of multiple potential treatment targets. Despite the vast amount of data on this topic, HCC remains a challenging tumor to treat due to its aggressive behavior and complex molecular profile. Therefore, the number of studies aiming to elucidate the mechanisms involved in both carcinogenesis and tumor progression in HCC continues to increase. In this context, the close association of HCC with viral hepatitis has led to numerous studies focusing on the direct or indirect involvement of viruses in the mechanisms contributing to tumor development and behavior. In line with these efforts, this review was undertaken to highlight the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) participate in oncogenesis and tumor progression in HCC and summarize new findings. Cumulative evidence indicates that HBV DNA integration promotes genomic instability, resulting in the overexpression of genes related to cancer development, metastasis, and angiogenesis or inactivation of tumor suppressor genes. In addition, genetic variations in HBV itself, especially preS2 deletions, may play a role in malignant transformation. Epigenetic dysregulation caused by both viruses might also contribute to tumor formation and metastasis by modifying the methylation of DNA and histones or altering the expression of microRNAs. Similarly, viral proteins of both HBV and HCV can affect pathways that are important anticancer targets. The effects of these two viruses on the Hippo-Yap-Taz pathway in HCC development and behavior need to be investigated. Additional, comprehensive studies are also needed to determine these viruses' interaction with integrins, farnesoid X, and the apelin system in malignant transformation and tumor progression. Although the relationship of persistent inflammation caused by HBV and HCV hepatitis with carcinogenesis is well defined, further studies are warranted to decipher the relationship among inflammasomes and viruses in carcinogenesis and elucidate the role of virus-microbiota interactions in HCC development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulsum Ozlem Elpek
- Department of Pathology, Akdeniz University Medical School, Antalya 07070, Turkey
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MicroRNAs Regulating Hippo-YAP Signaling in Liver Cancer. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9040347. [PMID: 33808155 PMCID: PMC8067275 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9040347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide, and its prevalence and mortality rate are increasing due to the lack of biomarkers and effective treatments. The Hippo signaling pathway has long been known to control liver size, and genetic depletion of Hippo kinases leads to liver cancer in mice through activation of the downstream effectors yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ). Both YAP and TAZ not only reprogram tumor cells but also alter the tumor microenvironment to exert carcinogenic effects. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of YAP/TAZ-mediated liver tumorigenesis will help overcome liver cancer. For decades, small noncoding RNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs), have been reported to play critical roles in the pathogenesis of many cancers, including liver cancer. However, the interactions between miRNAs and Hippo-YAP/TAZ signaling in the liver are still largely unknown. Here, we review miRNAs that influence the proliferation, migration and apoptosis of tumor cells by modulating Hippo-YAP/TAZ signaling during hepatic tumorigenesis. Previous findings suggest that these miRNAs are potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of liver cancer.
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Hepatitis B Virus preS2 Domain Promotes Angiogenesis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma via Transcriptional Activation of VEGFA Promoter. HEPATITIS MONTHLY 2021. [DOI: 10.5812/hepatmon.111618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
: Angiogenesis is closely related to the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Angiogenic factors have been confirmed to be overexpressed in HCC. The hepatitis B virus preS2 domain is a transactivator that plays an important role in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related HCC. Here, we aimed to investigate the potential of the preS2 domain in inducing angiogenesis in HCC. A total of 25 cases of pathologically confirmed HCC were screened. The levels of preS2, CD34, and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) in HCC samples were evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The proliferation of vascular endothelial cells was detected by CCK-8. Besides, VEGFA was analyzed by Western blot in HCC cells. The effect of preS2 on the VEGFA promoter was measured by dual-luciferase reporter assays. We found that preS2 domain-positive HCCs had significantly higher microvessel density (MVD) and VEGFA expression than preS2 domain-negative HCCs. Overexpression of preS2 upregulated VEGFA expression in HepG2 and activated vascular endothelial cell proliferation. However, blocking preS2 expression reduced VEGFA expression in HepG2.2.15 and inhibited the proliferation of vascular endothelial cells. In addition, a dual-luciferase assay indicated that the preS2 domain could activate VEGFA promoter activity. In conclusion, we showed that the expression of the preS2 domain promotes angiogenesis by transactivating the VEGFA promoter in HCC.
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Hooglugt A, van der Stoel MM, Boon RA, Huveneers S. Endothelial YAP/TAZ Signaling in Angiogenesis and Tumor Vasculature. Front Oncol 2021; 10:612802. [PMID: 33614496 PMCID: PMC7890025 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.612802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid tumors are dependent on vascularization for their growth. The hypoxic, stiff, and pro-angiogenic tumor microenvironment induces angiogenesis, giving rise to an immature, proliferative, and permeable vasculature. The tumor vessels promote tumor metastasis and complicate delivery of anti-cancer therapies. In many types of tumors, YAP/TAZ activation is correlated with increased levels of angiogenesis. In addition, endothelial YAP/TAZ activation is important for the formation of new blood and lymphatic vessels during development. Oncogenic activation of YAP/TAZ in tumor cell growth and invasion has been studied in great detail, however the role of YAP/TAZ within the tumor endothelium remains insufficiently understood, which complicates therapeutic strategies aimed at targeting YAP/TAZ in cancer. Here, we overview the upstream signals from the tumor microenvironment that control endothelial YAP/TAZ activation and explore the role of their downstream targets in driving tumor angiogenesis. We further discuss the potential for anti-cancer treatments and vascular normalization strategies to improve tumor therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aukie Hooglugt
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Miesje M. van der Stoel
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Reinier A. Boon
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein-Main, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Stephan Huveneers
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Astamal RV, Maghoul A, Taefehshokr S, Bagheri T, Mikaeili E, Derakhshani A, Delashoub M, Taefehshokr N, Isazadeh A, Hajazimian S, Tran A, Baradaran B. Regulatory role of microRNAs in cancer through Hippo signaling pathway. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 216:153241. [PMID: 33065484 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.153241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is the major cause of death worldwide in countries of all income levels. The Hippo signaling pathway is a Drosophila kinase gene that was identified to regulate organ size, cell regeneration, and contribute to tumorigenesis. A huge variety of extrinsic and intrinsic signals regulate the Hippo signaling pathway. The Hippo signaling pathway consists of a wide array of components that merge numerous signals such as mechanical signals to address apoptosis resistance, cell proliferation, cellular outputs of growth, cell death and survival at cellular and tissue level. Recent studies have shed new light on the regulatory role of microRNAs in Hippo signaling and how they contribute to cancer progression. MicroRNAs influence various cancer-related processes such as, apoptosis, proliferation, migration, cell cycle and metabolism. Inhibition and overexpression of miRNAs via miRNA mimics and miRNA inhibitors, respectively, can uncover a hopeful and reliable insight for treatment and early diagnosis of cancer patients. In this review we will discuss our current understanding of regulatory role of miRNAs in Hippo signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Vaezi Astamal
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Asma Maghoul
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Basic Sciences, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sina Taefehshokr
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Taha Bagheri
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Ehsan Mikaeili
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Afshin Derakhshani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Masoud Delashoub
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Nima Taefehshokr
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Human Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alireza Isazadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saba Hajazimian
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Antalique Tran
- Departments of Neurology and of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06536, USA
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Dai X, Huang R, Hu S, Zhou Y, Sun X, Gui P, Yu Z, Zhou P. A novel miR-0308-3p revealed by miRNA-seq of HBV-positive hepatocellular carcinoma suppresses cell proliferation and promotes G1/S arrest by targeting double CDK6/Cyclin D1 genes. Cell Biosci 2020; 10:24. [PMID: 32128112 PMCID: PMC7047384 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-020-00382-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Persistent infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) accounts for the majority of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the molecular mechanisms underlying liver carcinogenesis are still not completely understood. Increasing evidence demonstrates that microRNAs (miRNAs) play significant functional roles in virus–host interactions. The aim of this study was to explore differentially expressed miRNA profiles and investigate the molecular mechanism of miR-0308-3p in HBV-positive HCC carcinogenesis. Methods High-throughput sequencing was used to detect novel miRNAs in three samples of HBV-positive HCC tissue compared to matched HBV-negative HCC tissue. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used to mine miRNAs related to HBV-positive HCC. Bioinformatics analyses were conducted to predict the miRNAs’ possible biological and pathway regulatory functions. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was then applied to evaluate the expression levels of randomly selected miRNAs. CCK-8 was used to measure cell proliferation and cell cycles were analyzed using flow cytometry. A dual luciferase reporter gene assay was used to confirm the downstream targets of miR-0308-3p. Results In total, there were 34 overlapping miRNAs in both our miRNA-seq data and the TCGA database. We found two overlapping miRNAs in both the HBV-positive HCC samples and the TCGA database, and 205 novel pre-miRNA sequences were predicted. miR-522 and miR-523 were markedly overexpressed in HBV-positive HCC and were associated with a significantly poorer long-term prognosis (miR-522, HR 2.19, 95% CI 1.33–3.6, p = 0.0015; miR-523HR 1.5, 95% CI 1–2.44, p = 0.0047). Of note, we found that the novel miR-0308-3p was markedly downregulated in HBV-positive HCC samples and HCC cancer cell lines compared with HBV-negative HCC samples and adjacent normal hepatic tissue. Moreover, elevated expression of miR-0308-3p was found to inhibit proliferation of cancer cells by promoting G1/S cell cycle arrest but did not influence the apoptosis of cancer cells. A dual luciferase reporter activity assay identified that miR-0308-3p acted directly on the target sequence of the CDK6 and Cyclin D1 mRNA 3ʹUTR to suppress CDK6 and Cyclin D1 expression. Conclusions MiR-0308-3p upregulation dramatically suppressed HCC cell proliferation and induced G1/S cell cycle arrest by directly targeting CDK6/Cyclin D1. These findings reveal a novel molecular mechanism for activation of G1/S arrest in HCC and may prove clinically useful for developing new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Dai
- 1The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan People's Republic of China
| | - Ruixue Huang
- 2Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078 China
| | - Sai Hu
- 3Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436 People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Zhou
- 2Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078 China
| | - Xiaoya Sun
- 3Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436 People's Republic of China
| | - Pucheng Gui
- 1The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan People's Republic of China
| | - Zijian Yu
- 1The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan People's Republic of China
| | - Pingkun Zhou
- 3Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436 People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100850 People's Republic of China
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14
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Wang Z, Lu W, Zhang Y, Zou F, Jin Z, Zhao T. The Hippo Pathway and Viral Infections. Front Microbiol 2020; 10:3033. [PMID: 32038526 PMCID: PMC6990114 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.03033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hippo signaling pathway is a novel tumor suppressor pathway, initially found in Drosophila. Recent studies have discovered that the Hippo signaling pathway plays a critical role in a wide range of biological processes, including organ size control, cell proliferation, cancer development, and virus-induced diseases. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the biological feature and pathological role of the Hippo pathway, focusing particularly on current findings in the function of the Hippo pathway in virus infection and pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilong Wang
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Wanhang Lu
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Yiling Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Feng Zou
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Zhigang Jin
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Tiejun Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
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15
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Yao L, Zhou Y, Sui Z, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Xie H, Gao H, Fan H, Zhang Y, Liu M, Li S, Tang H. HBV-encoded miR-2 functions as an oncogene by downregulating TRIM35 but upregulating RAN in liver cancer cells. EBioMedicine 2019; 48:117-129. [PMID: 31530503 PMCID: PMC6838411 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has been well established as a high-risk factor for the carcinogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Cellular microRNA (miRNA) is involved in tumorigenesis by accelerating the malignant phenotype in HCC. However, whether HBV can encode miRNAs that contribute to HCC is not entirely clear. METHODS In this study, an miRNA encoded by HBV (HBV-miR-2) was identified by Solexa sequencing in HBV-positive HCC specimens and further verified in serum samples from HCC patients with HBV infection and in HBV-positive HCC cell lines. To evaluate the roles of HBV-miR-2 in liver cancer cells, we determined cell viability and migration/invasion ability by gain-of-function experiment in HBV(-) liver cancer cells (HepG2 and Huh7) and loss-of-function experiments in Huh7 cells stably expressing HBV-miR-2 (Huh7/HBV-miR-2 cells) and HepG2.2.15 cells. Furthermore, to elucidate the mechanism by which HBV-miR-2 work on cell malignancy, we identified and studied the effect of two target genes (TRIM35 and RAN) of HBV-miR-2 in liver cancer cells. FINDINGS We revealed that HBV-miR-2 promoted HCC cell growth ability by suppressing apoptosis and promoting migration and invasion by enhancing the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), functioning as an oncogene in the development of HBV-related HCC. Furthermore, we demonstrated that HBV-miR-2 suppresses the expression of TRIM35 but enhances RAN expression by targeting their 3'-untranslated regions (3'UTR) and that the ectopic expression of TRIM35 or knockdown of RAN counteracted the malignant phenotypes induced by HBV-miR-2. INTERPRETATION Our findings indicate that an HBV-encoded miRNA, HBV-miR-2, promotes oncogenic activity by downregulating TRIM35 expression and upregulating RAN expression in liver cancer cells, likely providing insight into tumorigenesis in HBV-related liver cancer. FUND: This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No: 81830094; 91629302; 31270818) and the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin (No: 12JCZDJC25100).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Yao
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center, Tianjin Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pathogen Biology, Basic Medical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yadi Zhou
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center, Tianjin Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pathogen Biology, Basic Medical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Zhenhua Sui
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center, Tianjin Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pathogen Biology, Basic Medical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yanling Zhang
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center, Tianjin Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pathogen Biology, Basic Medical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yankun Liu
- The Cancer Institute, Tangshan People's Hospital, Tangshan 063001, China
| | - Hong Xie
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center, Tianjin Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pathogen Biology, Basic Medical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Huijie Gao
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center, Tianjin Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pathogen Biology, Basic Medical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Hongxia Fan
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center, Tianjin Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pathogen Biology, Basic Medical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center, Tianjin Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pathogen Biology, Basic Medical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Min Liu
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center, Tianjin Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pathogen Biology, Basic Medical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Shengping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China.
| | - Hua Tang
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center, Tianjin Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pathogen Biology, Basic Medical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
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16
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Song Q, Pang H, Qi L, Liang C, Wang T, Wang W, Li R. Low microRNA-622 expression predicts poor prognosis and is associated with ZEB2 in glioma. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:7387-7397. [PMID: 31686846 PMCID: PMC6752038 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s218161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs have been recently reported to play an important role in tumorigenesis and progression in several forms of tumors. Previous studies have shown that microRNA-622 (miR-622) was associated with glioma proliferation and invasion. However, the clinical significance of miR-622 in glioma has not been elucidated. The aim of our study was to investigate the clinical values of miR-622, as well as investigate the potential molecular mechanisms in glioma. Materials and methods qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis were used to analyze the expression of miR-622 and ZEB2, respectively. Kaplan–Meier analysis and Cox’s proportional hazards model were used in survival analysis. MTT assay, wound healing assay, transwell assay and flow cytometry analysis were carried out to detect the impact of miR-622 on glioma cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis. Results Our result indicated that miR-622 expression was greatly decreased in glioma tissues and cell lines and the downregulation of miR-622 was significantly associated with the advanced pathological grade and low Karnofsky performance score of glioma. In addition, Kaplan–Meier curves with log-rank analysis revealed a close correlation between downregulation of miR-622 expression and low overall survival rate in glioma patients. Furthermore, Cox regression analysis demonstrated that downregulated miR-622 could be considered as an independent poor prognostic indicator in glioma patients. Finally, our findings demonstrated that miR-622 overexpression remarkably suppressed glioma cell proliferation, migration and invasion, while facilitated apoptosis by suppressing ZEB2 in vitro. Conclusion Our study suggested that miR-622 may be identified as a valuable prognostic biomarker and a promising therapeutic target for glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Honggang Pang
- Department of Peripheral Vascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Qi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Tuo Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruichun Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
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17
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Molecular Mechanisms Driving Progression of Liver Cirrhosis towards Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Chronic Hepatitis B and C Infections: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2019. [PMID: 30889843 DOI: 10.3390/ijms] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Almost all patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a major type of primary liver cancer, also have liver cirrhosis, the severity of which hampers effective treatment for HCC despite recent progress in the efficacy of anticancer drugs for advanced stages of HCC. Here, we review recent knowledge concerning the molecular mechanisms of liver cirrhosis and its progression to HCC from genetic and epigenomic points of view. Because ~70% of patients with HCC have hepatitis B virus (HBV) and/or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, we focused on HBV- and HCV-associated HCC. The literature suggests that genetic and epigenetic factors, such as microRNAs, play a role in liver cirrhosis and its progression to HCC, and that HBV- and HCV-encoded proteins appear to be involved in hepatocarcinogenesis. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms, including immune checkpoints and molecular targets of kinase inhibitors, associated with liver cirrhosis and its progression to HCC.
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18
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Molecular Mechanisms Driving Progression of Liver Cirrhosis towards Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Chronic Hepatitis B and C Infections: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20061358. [PMID: 30889843 PMCID: PMC6470669 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Almost all patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a major type of primary liver cancer, also have liver cirrhosis, the severity of which hampers effective treatment for HCC despite recent progress in the efficacy of anticancer drugs for advanced stages of HCC. Here, we review recent knowledge concerning the molecular mechanisms of liver cirrhosis and its progression to HCC from genetic and epigenomic points of view. Because ~70% of patients with HCC have hepatitis B virus (HBV) and/or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, we focused on HBV- and HCV-associated HCC. The literature suggests that genetic and epigenetic factors, such as microRNAs, play a role in liver cirrhosis and its progression to HCC, and that HBV- and HCV-encoded proteins appear to be involved in hepatocarcinogenesis. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms, including immune checkpoints and molecular targets of kinase inhibitors, associated with liver cirrhosis and its progression to HCC.
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19
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Lou W, Liu J, Ding B, Chen D, Xu L, Ding J, Jiang D, Zhou L, Zheng S, Fan W. Identification of potential miRNA-mRNA regulatory network contributing to pathogenesis of HBV-related HCC. J Transl Med 2019; 17:7. [PMID: 30602391 PMCID: PMC6317219 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1761-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one of the major risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Increasing evidence indicates that microRNA (miRNA)-mRNA axis is involved in HCC. However, a comprehensive miRNA-mRNA regulatory network in HBV-related HCC is still absent. This study aims to identify potential miRNA-mRNA regulatory pathways contributing to pathogenesis of HBV-related HCC. METHODS Microarray GSE69580 was downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. GEO2R and 'R-limma' were used to conduct differential expression analysis. The common miRNAs appeared in the two analytic sets were screened as potential differentially expressed miRNAs (DE-miRNAs). The prognostic roles of screened DE-miRNAs in HCC were further evaluated using Kaplan-Meier plotter database. Target genes of DE-miRNAs were predicted by miRNet. Then, protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were established for these targets via the STRING database, after which hub genes in the networks were identified by Cytoscape. Functional annotation and pathway enrichment analyses for the target genes were performed through DAVID database. Three enriched pathways related to HBV-related HCC were selected for further analysis and potential target genes commonly appeared in all three pathways were screened. Cytoscape was employed to construct miRNA-hub gene network. The expression and correlation of potential miRNAs and targets were further detected in clinical HBV-related HCC samples by qRT-PCR. RESULTS 7 upregulated and 9 downregulated DE-miRNAs were accessed. 5 of 7 upregulated DE-miRNAs and 5 of 7 downregulated DE-miRNAs indicated significant prognostic roles in HCC. 2312 and 1175 target genes were predicted for the upregulated and downregulated DE-miRNAs, respectively. TP53 was identified as the hub gene in the PPI networks. Pathway enrichment analysis suggested that these predicted targets were linked to hepatitis B, pathways in cancer, microRNAs in cancer and viral carcinogenesis. Further analysis of these pathways screened 20 and 16 target genes for upregulated and downregulated DE-miRNAs, respectively. By detecting the expression of 36 target genes, six candidate target genes were identified. Finally, a potential miRNA-mRNA regulatory network was established based on the results of qRT-PCR and expression correlation analysis. CONCLUSIONS In the study, potential miRNA-mRNA regulatory pathways were identified, exploring the underlying pathogenesis and effective therapy strategy of HBV-related HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyang Lou
- Program of Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Jingxing Liu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Changxing People's Hospital of Zhejiang, Huzhou, 313100, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Bisha Ding
- Program of Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Danni Chen
- Program of Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Liang Xu
- Program of Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Jun Ding
- Program of Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Donghai Jiang
- Program of Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Program of Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Shusen Zheng
- Program of Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China. .,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China. .,Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
| | - Weimin Fan
- Program of Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China. .,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China. .,Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou, 310000, China. .,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
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20
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Malaguarnera M, Latteri S, Bertino G, Madeddu R, Catania VE, Currò G, Borzì AM, Drago F, Malaguarnera G. D-dimer plasmatic levels as a marker for diagnosis and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma patients with portal vein thrombosis. Clin Exp Gastroenterol 2018; 11:373-380. [PMID: 30323642 PMCID: PMC6174900 DOI: 10.2147/ceg.s172663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is one of the severe complications of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). PVT deteriorates the liver, and its dysfunction increases the risk of bleeding, influencing the prognosis of patients with liver cirrhosis and HCC. The aim of our study was to investigate whether D-dimer testing could be a sensitive marker for the diagnosis and prognosis of HCC patients with PVT. Patients and methods Between June 2010 and December 2015, 118 HCC patients were admitted to Cannizzaro Hospital, Catania, and 50 controls were recruited from their relatives for health examinations. All enrolled patients were diagnosed and pathologically confirmed as having HCC. D-dimer was measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using 2 monoclonal antibodies against nonoverlapping determinants of D-dimer. Results D-dimer levels in HCC patients with PVT were significantly higher vs HCC patients without PVT, P<0.002, and vs controls, P<0.001. Conclusion Plasma D-dimer is a sensitive marker of fibrin turnover and allows for the recognition of activated coagulation which may be manifested in HCC with PVT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Malaguarnera
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, University of Catania, Catania, Italy, .,Research Center "The Great Senescence", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Saverio Latteri
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "Gian Filippo Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Gaetano Bertino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Roberto Madeddu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Vito Emanuele Catania
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "Gian Filippo Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Currò
- Department of Human Pathology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Antonio Maria Borzì
- Research Center "The Great Senescence", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Filippo Drago
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, University of Catania, Catania, Italy,
| | - Giulia Malaguarnera
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, University of Catania, Catania, Italy,
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Xu X, Tao Y, Shan L, Chen R, Jiang H, Qian Z, Cai F, Ma L, Yu Y. The Role of MicroRNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Cancer 2018; 9:3557-3569. [PMID: 30310513 PMCID: PMC6171016 DOI: 10.7150/jca.26350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers, leading to the second cancer-related death in the global. Although the treatment of HCC has greatly improved over the past few decades, the survival rate of patients is still quite low. Thus, it is urgent to explore new therapies, especially seek for more accurate biomarkers for early diagnosis, treatment and prognosis in HCC. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small noncoding RNAs, are pivotal participants and regulators in the development and progression of HCC. Great progress has been made in the studies of miRNAs in HCC. The key regulatory mechanisms of miRNAs include proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, metastasis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), angiogenesis, drug resistance and autophagy in HCC. And exosomal miRNAs also play important roles in proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance in HCC by regulating gene expression in the target cells. In addition, some miRNAs, including exosomal miRNAs, can be as potential diagnostic and prediction markers in HCC. This review summarizes the latest researches development of miRNAs in HCC in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xu
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
| | - Yuquan Tao
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
| | - Liang Shan
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
| | - Rui Chen
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
| | - Hongyuan Jiang
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
| | - Zijun Qian
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
| | - Feng Cai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
| | - Lifang Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
| | - Yongchun Yu
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
- Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P.R. China
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22
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Hepatitis B virus promotes proliferation and metastasis in male Chinese hepatocellular carcinoma patients through the LEF-1/miR-371a-5p/SRCIN1/pleiotrophin/Slug pathway. Exp Cell Res 2018; 370:174-188. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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23
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Liu H, Du S, Lei T, Wang H, He X, Tong R, Wang Y. Multifaceted regulation and functions of YAP/TAZ in tumors (Review). Oncol Rep 2018; 40:16-28. [PMID: 29749524 PMCID: PMC6059739 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hippo pathway, initially identified through screenings for mutant tumor suppressors in Drosophila, is an evolutionarily conserved signaling pathway that controls organ size by regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis. Abnormal regulation of the Hippo pathway may lead to cancer in mammals. As the major downstream effectors of the Hippo pathway, unphosphorylated Yes-associated protein (YAP) and its homolog transcriptional co-activator TAZ (also called WWTR1) (hereafter called YAP/TAZ) are translocated into the nucleus. In the nucleus, in order to induce target gene expression, YAP/TAZ bind to the TEA domain (TEAD) proteins, and this binding subsequently promotes cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis. In contrast, as key regulators of tumorigenesis and development, YAP/TAZ are phosphorylated and regulated by multiple molecules and pathways including Lats1/2 of Hippo, Wnt and G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling, with a regulatory role in cell physiology, tumor cell development and pathological abnormalities simultaneously. In particular, the crucial role of YAP/TAZ in tumors ensures their potential as targets in designing anticancer drugs. To date, mounting research has elucidated the suppression of YAP/TAZ via effective inhibitors, which significantly highlights their application in cancer treatment. In the present review, we focus on the functions of YAP/TAZ in cancer, discuss their potential as new therapeutic target for tumor treatment, and provide valuable suggestions for further study in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huirong Liu
- Center of Organ Transplantation, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Suya Du
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu, Sichuan 610054, P.R. China
| | - Tiantian Lei
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu, Sichuan 610054, P.R. China
| | - Hailian Wang
- Center of Organ Transplantation, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Xia He
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Rongsheng Tong
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Yi Wang
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
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HOXD3 targeted by miR-203a suppresses cell metastasis and angiogenesis through VEGFR in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2431. [PMID: 29402992 PMCID: PMC5799159 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20859-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), one of the most common aggressive tumors worldwide has a relatively high mortality rate among malignant tumors. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), acting as tumor suppressors, are involved in the regulation of invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis of tumor cells. However, a potential role for miR-203a in HCC has not been described yet. In this study, we show that miR-203a markedly suppresses HCC cell migration, invasion, and angiogenesis. In addition, the transcription factor HOXD3 appears to be a direct target of miR-203a. HOXD3 knockdown substantially decreased HCC cell migration, invasion, and angiogenesis, effects similar to those seen for miR-203a expression. Rescuing the function of HOXD3 attenuated the effect of miR-203a overexpression in HCC cells. Furthermore, HOXD3 can directly target the promoter region of VEGFR and increase VEGFR expression. Taken together, our findings indicate that miR-203a inhibits HCC cell invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis by negatively targeting HOXD3 and suppressing cell signaling through the VEGFR pathway, suggesting that miR-203a might represent a potential therapeutic target for HCC intervention.
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25
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Melucci E, Casini B, Ronchetti L, Pizzuti L, Sperati F, Pallocca M, De Nicola F, Goeman F, Gallo E, Amoreo CA, Sergi D, Terrenato I, Vici P, Di Lauro L, Diodoro MG, Pescarmona E, Barba M, Mazzotta M, Mottolese M, Fanciulli M, Ciliberto G, De Maria R, Buglioni S, Maugeri-Saccà M. Expression of the Hippo transducer TAZ in association with WNT pathway mutations impacts survival outcomes in advanced gastric cancer patients treated with first-line chemotherapy. J Transl Med 2018; 16:22. [PMID: 29402328 PMCID: PMC5800016 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1385-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background An extensive crosstalk co-regulates the Hippo and Wnt pathway. Preclinical studies revealed that the Hippo transducers YAP/TAZ mediate a number of oncogenic functions in gastric cancer (GC). Moreover, comprehensive characterization of GC demonstrated that the Wnt pathway is targeted by oncogenic mutations. On this ground, we hypothesized that YAP/TAZ- and Wnt-related biomarkers may predict clinical outcomes in GC patients treated with chemotherapy. Methods In the present study, we included 86 patients with advanced GC treated with first-line chemotherapy in prospective phase II trials or in routine clinical practice. Tissue samples were immunostained to evaluate the expression of YAP/TAZ. Mutational status of key Wnt pathway genes (CTNNB1, APC and FBXW7) was assessed by targeted DNA next-generation sequencing (NGS). Survival curves were estimated and compared by the Kaplan–Meier product-limit method and the log-rank test, respectively. Variables potentially affecting progression-free survival (PFS) were verified in univariate Cox proportional hazard models. The final multivariate Cox models were obtained with variables testing significant at the univariate analysis, and by adjusting for all plausible predictors of the outcome of interest (PFS). Results We observed a significant association between TAZ expression and Wnt mutations (Chi-squared p = 0.008). Combined TAZ expression and Wnt mutations (TAZpos/WNTmut) was more frequently observed in patients with the shortest progression-free survival (negative outliers) (Fisher p = 0.021). Uni-and multivariate Cox regression analyses revealed that patients whose tumors harbored the TAZpos/WNTmut signature had an increased risk of disease progression (univariate Cox: HR 2.27, 95% CI 1.27–4.05, p = 0.006; multivariate Cox: HR 2.73, 95% CI 1.41–5.29, p = 0.003). Finally, the TAZpos/WNTmut signature negatively impacted overall survival. Conclusions Collectively, our findings indicate that the oncogenic YAP/TAZ–Wnt crosstalk may be active in GC, conferring chemoresistant traits that translate into adverse survival outcomes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12967-018-1385-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Melucci
- Department of Pathology, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Beatrice Casini
- Department of Pathology, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Livia Ronchetti
- Department of Pathology, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Pizzuti
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Sperati
- Biostatistics-Scientific Direction, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Pallocca
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca De Nicola
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Frauke Goeman
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Enzo Gallo
- Department of Pathology, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Carla Azzurra Amoreo
- Department of Pathology, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Irene Terrenato
- Biostatistics-Scientific Direction, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Vici
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Di Lauro
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Diodoro
- Department of Pathology, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Edoardo Pescarmona
- Department of Pathology, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Maddalena Barba
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.,Scientific Direction, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Mazzotta
- Medical Oncology Unit, Policlinico Sant'Andrea, Via Di Grotta Rossa, 1035/1039, 00189, Rome, Italy
| | - Marcella Mottolese
- Department of Pathology, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Fanciulli
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Gennaro Ciliberto
- Scientific Direction, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Ruggero De Maria
- Institute of General Pathology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo Agostino Gemelli, 10, 00168, Rome, Italy.
| | - Simonetta Buglioni
- Department of Pathology, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Maugeri-Saccà
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy. .,Scientific Direction, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
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Zhang S, Wang J, Wang H, Fan L, Fan B, Zeng B, Tao J, Li X, Che L, Cigliano A, Ribback S, Dombrowski F, Chen B, Cong W, Wei L, Calvisi DF, Chen X. Hippo Cascade Controls Lineage Commitment of Liver Tumors in Mice and Humans. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2018; 188:995-1006. [PMID: 29378174 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2017.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Primary liver cancer consists mainly of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). A subset of human HCCs expresses a ICC-like gene signature and is classified as ICC-like HCC. The Hippo pathway is a critical regulator of normal and malignant liver development. However, the precise function(s) of the Hippo cascade along liver carcinogenesis remain to be fully delineated. The role of the Hippo pathway in a murine mixed HCC/ICC model induced by activated forms of AKT and Ras oncogenes (AKT/Ras) was investigated. The authors demonstrated the inactivation of Hippo in AKT/Ras liver tumors leading to nuclear localization of Yap and TAZ. Coexpression of AKT/Ras with Lats2, which activates Hippo, or the dominant negative form of TEAD2 (dnTEAD2), which blocks Yap/TAZ activity, resulted in delayed hepatocarcinogenesis and elimination of ICC-like lesions in the liver. Mechanistically, Notch2 expression was found to be down-regulated by the Hippo pathway in liver tumors. Overexpression of Lats2 or dnTEAD2 in human HCC cell lines inhibited their growth and led to the decreased expression of ICC-like markers, as well as Notch2 expression. Altogether, this study supports the key role of the Hippo cascade in regulating the differentiation status of liver tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Zhang
- Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China; Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, California; Department of Pathology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingxiao Wang
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, California; Second Clinical Medical School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Haichuan Wang
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, California; Liver Transplantation Division, Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingling Fan
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Biao Fan
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, California; Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Billy Zeng
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, California; Institute for Computational Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Junyan Tao
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Xiaolei Li
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Li Che
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Antonio Cigliano
- National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis", Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Italy
| | - Silvia Ribback
- Institute of Pathology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Frank Dombrowski
- Institute of Pathology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, California; Institute for Computational Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Wenming Cong
- Department of Pathology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lixin Wei
- Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Diego F Calvisi
- Institute of Pathology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, California.
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27
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Zhan T, Huang X, Tian X, Chen X, Ding Y, Luo H, Zhang Y. Downregulation of MicroRNA-455-3p Links to Proliferation and Drug Resistance of Pancreatic Cancer Cells via Targeting TAZ. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2017; 10:215-226. [PMID: 29499934 PMCID: PMC5862130 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Drug resistance is a major cause of treatment failure in pancreatic cancer. The limited evidence indicates the involvement of miR-455-3p in chemotherapy resistance of cancer. Here we observed by qPCR that miR-455-3p was significantly decreased in pancreatic cancer tissues and cell lines. We then confirmed that the inhibition of miR-455-3p increased cell proliferation and gemcitabine resistance of pancreatic cancer, whereas forced overexpression of miR-455-3p had the opposite effect. Furthermore, we demonstrated that TAZ, which is associated with drug resistance of pancreatic cancer, is a new direct downstream target of miR-455-3p. Our present study suggests that miR-455-3p contributes to cell proliferation and drug resistance in pancreatic cancer cells via targeting TAZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuhan Third Hospital, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis of Hubei Province, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Xiaodong Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuhan Third Hospital, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Xia Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuhan Third Hospital, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Xiaoli Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuhan Third Hospital, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yu Ding
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis of Hubei Province, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Hesheng Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yadong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis of Hubei Province, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China.
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28
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Luan F, Liu B, Zhang J, Cheng S, Zhang B, Wang Y. Correlation between HBV protein preS2 and tumor markers of hepatocellular carcinoma. Pathol Res Pract 2017; 213:1037-1042. [PMID: 28869105 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and Glypican 3 (GPC3) are both oncogenes and reactivated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). PreS2 has been proved to be an important transactivator in HCC. In this study, we aim to provide evidence that HBV protein preS2 is responsible for AFP and GPC3's reactivation in HCC. METHODS Totally Sixty-three cases of HCC, aged 34-79, who were surgically treated and pathologically confirmed were enrolled. The levels of AFP in peripheral serum were detected with electrochemical luminescence method before surgery. Levels of GPC3 in HCC samples were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Luciferase reporter assays were used to measure the effect of preS2 on AFP and GPC3 promoters. RESULTS AFP level and GPC3 but not albumin were significantly higher in preS2-positive HCC samples than preS2-negative HCC samples. And the preS2 protein expression was positively related with serum AFP level and GPC3 expression. Furtherly, dual luciferase assay showed that preS2 activated AFP and GPC3 promoter activity. CONCLUSION The expression of preS2 protein relates closely to HCC markers AFP and GPC3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Luan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, PR China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, PR China
| | - Junguo Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, PR China
| | - Shiqing Cheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, PR China
| | - Bingchang Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, PR China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, PR China.
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29
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The Hippo pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma: Non-coding RNAs in action. Cancer Lett 2017; 400:175-182. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 04/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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30
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Liu Z, Dai X, Wang T, Zhang C, Zhang W, Zhang W, Zhang Q, Wu K, Liu F, Liu Y, Wu J. Hepatitis B virus PreS1 facilitates hepatocellular carcinoma development by promoting appearance and self-renewal of liver cancer stem cells. Cancer Lett 2017; 400:149-160. [PMID: 28455240 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major etiologic agent of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the molecular mechanism by which HBV infection contributes to HCC development is not fully understood. Here, we initially showed that HBV stimulates the production of cancer stem cells (CSCs)-related markers (CD133, CD117 and CD90) and CSCs-related genes (Klf4, Sox2, Nanog, c-Myc and Oct4) and facilitates the self-renewal of CSCs in human hepatoma cells. Cellular and clinical studies revealed that HBV facilitates hepatoma cell growth and migration, enhances white blood cell (WBC) production in the sera of patients, stimulates CD133 and CD117 expression in HCC tissues, and promotes the CSCs generation of human hepatoma cells and clinical cancer tissues. Detailed studies revealed that PreS1 protein of HBV is required for HBV-mediated CSCs generation. PreS1 activates CD133, CD117 and CD90 expression in normal hepatocyte derived cell line (L02) and human hepatoma cell line (HepG2 and Huh-7); facilitates L02 cells migration, growth and sphere formation; and finally enhances the abilities of L02 cells and HepG2 cells to induce tumorigeneses in nude mice. Thus, PreS1 acts as a new oncoprotein to play a key role in the appearance and self-renewal of CSCs during HCC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xuechen Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Tianci Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Chengcheng Zhang
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Kailang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Fang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Yingle Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Jianguo Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
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31
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Wang Y, Wang N, Zeng X, Sun J, Wang G, Xu H, Zhao W. MicroRNA-335 and its target Rock1 synergistically influence tumor progression and prognosis in osteosarcoma. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:3057-3065. [PMID: 28521412 PMCID: PMC5431301 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miR)-335 and Rho-associated serine-threonine protein kinase 1 (Rock1) is ectopically expressed in multiple malignant tumors including osteosarcoma. The present study aimed to clarify whether the combined ectopically expressed miR-335 and Rock1 was correlated with clinicopathological features and prognosis in patients with osteosarcoma. The expression of miR-335 and Rock1 in 91 osteosarcoma tissue samples and 47 noncancerous bone tissues were determined respectively by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. The association between miR-335 and Rock1 expression with the clinicopathological features of osteosarcoma was calculated using the Pearson's χ2 test. Spearman's correlation analysis was used to study the association between the miR-335 and Rock1 expression. Survival curves were drawn using the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate and multivariate analysis was performed using the Cox's proportional hazard regression model to allow the prognostic values to be assessed. Expression levels of miR-335 were significantly reduced in osteosarcoma tissues (P<0.001), compared with that in noncancerous bone tissues, while Rock1 expression was significantly increased in osteosarcoma tissues (P<0.001). A strong correlation between miR-335 and Rock1 expression was also shown (P<0.001). Decreased miR-335 expression was identified to be positively associated with higher clinical stage (P=0.004) and distant metastasis (P=0.016), while elevated expression levels of Rock1 was positively associated with a larger tumor size (P=0.013), higher clinical stage (P=0.027) and distant metastasis (P=0.022). The combined high expression of Rock1 and low expression of miR-335 was clearly associated with distant metastasis (P=0.010) and a higher clinical stage (P=0.010). Patients with elevated Rock1 or decreased miR-335 expression exhibited a worse overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) compared with patients with decreased Rock1 or increased miR-335 (P<0.001 for the two). In addition, patients with decreased miR-335 and increased Rock1 had the worst OS and DFS (P<0.001 for the two). In multivariate survival analysis, clinical stage (P=0.002 for DFS, P=0.015 for OS), distant metastasis (P=0.024 for DFS, P=0.002 for OS), low expression of miR-335 (P<0.001 for DFS, P=0.002 for OS) and combined depressed miR-335 and elevated Rock1 (P=0.021 for DFS, P=0.050 for OS) expression remained as the independent prognostic factors for DFS and OS. The present findings suggest that there may be an association between the combined downregulation of miR-335 and upregulation of Rock1 with tumor progression and adverse prognosis in patients with osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning 110024, P.R. China
| | - Ningning Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning 110024, P.R. China
| | - Xiandong Zeng
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning 110024, P.R. China
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Pathology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning 110024, P.R. China
| | - Guangbin Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110072, P.R. China
| | - Huimian Xu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning 110024, P.R. China
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Li N, Xie C, Lu N. Crosstalk between Hippo signalling and miRNAs in tumour progression. FEBS J 2017; 284:1045-1055. [PMID: 27973704 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The Hippo signalling pathway co-ordinately modulates cell regeneration and organ size, and its deregulation contributes to tumorigenesis through many cellular processes, including overproliferation, apoptosis resistance and cell migration. Recent discoveries have shed new light on how microRNAs (miRNAs) are closely linked to the Hippo pathway in tumour progression. Hippo signalling has been reported to affect widespread miRNA biogenesis. In turn, several miRNAs regulate Hippo signalling, which contributes to carcinogenesis. This article will provide an overview of the crosstalk between Hippo signalling and miRNAs in the development of cancer and further appraise potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nianshuang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, China
| | - Chuan Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, China
| | - Nonghua Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, China
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Abstract
The Hippo pathway is a signalling cascade conserved from Drosophila melanogaster to mammals. The mammalian core kinase components comprise MST1 and MST2, SAV1, LATS1 and LATS2 and MOB1A and MOB1B. The transcriptional co-activators YAP1 and TAZ are the downstream effectors of the Hippo pathway and regulate target gene expression. Hippo signalling has crucial roles in the control of organ size, tissue homeostasis and regeneration, and dysregulation of the Hippo pathway can lead to uncontrolled cell growth and malignant transformation. Mammalian intestine consists of a stem cell compartment as well as differentiated cells, and its ability to regenerate rapidly after injury makes it an excellent model system to study tissue homeostasis, regeneration and tumorigenesis. Several studies have established the important role of the Hippo pathway in these processes. In addition, crosstalk between Hippo and other signalling pathways provides tight, yet versatile, regulation of tissue homeostasis. In this Review, we summarize studies on the role of the Hippo pathway in the intestine on these physiological processes and the underlying mechanisms responsible, and discuss future research directions and potential therapeutic strategies targeting Hippo signalling in intestinal disease.
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Abstract
Liver cancer, primarily hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is a major cause of cancer-related death worldwide. HCC is a suitable model of inflammation-induced cancer because more than 90% of HCC cases are caused by liver damage and chronic inflammation. Several inflammatory response pathways, such as NF-κB and JAK/STAT3 signaling pathways, play roles in the crosstalk between inflammation and HCC. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are evolutionarily conserved, short endogenous, non-coding single-stranded RNAs that are involved in various biological and pathological processes by regulating gene expression and protein translation. Evidence showed that miRNAs play a pivotal role in hepatitis virus infection and serve as promoters or inhibitors of inflammatory response. Aberrant miRNA was observed during liver inflammation and HCC. Many dysregulated miRNAs modulate the initiation and progression of inflammation-induced HCC. This review summarizes the role and functions of miRNAs in inflammation-associated HCC, as well as the designed therapeutics targeting miRNAs to treat liver inflammation and HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Huan
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lin-Hui Liang
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiang-Huo He
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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