1
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Bouley SJ, Grassetti AV, Allaway RJ, Wood MD, Hou HW, Burdon Dasbach IR, Seibel W, Wu J, Gerber SA, Dragnev KH, Walker JA, Sanchez Y. Chemical genetic screens reveal defective lysosomal trafficking as synthetic lethal with NF1 loss. J Cell Sci 2024; 137:jcs262343. [PMID: 39016685 PMCID: PMC11361638 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.262343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 1, a genetic disorder caused by pathogenic germline variations in NF1, predisposes individuals to the development of tumors, including cutaneous and plexiform neurofibromas (CNs and PNs), optic gliomas, astrocytomas, juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia, high-grade gliomas and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs), which are chemotherapy- and radiation-resistant sarcomas with poor survival. Loss of NF1 also occurs in sporadic tumors, such as glioblastoma (GBM), melanoma, breast, ovarian and lung cancers. We performed a high-throughput screen for compounds that were synthetic lethal with NF1 loss, which identified several leads, including the small molecule Y102. Treatment of cells with Y102 perturbed autophagy, mitophagy and lysosome positioning in NF1-deficient cells. A dual proteomics approach identified BLOC-one-related complex (BORC), which is required for lysosome positioning and trafficking, as a potential target of Y102. Knockdown of a BORC subunit using siRNA recapitulated the phenotypes observed with Y102 treatment. Our findings demonstrate that BORC might be a promising therapeutic target for NF1-deficient tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie J. Bouley
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Andrew V. Grassetti
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Robert J. Allaway
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Matthew D. Wood
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Helen W. Hou
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - India R. Burdon Dasbach
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - William Seibel
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Jimmy Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Scott A. Gerber
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Konstantin H. Dragnev
- Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
- Section of Medical Oncology, Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
- Dartmouth Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03766, USA
| | - James A. Walker
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Yolanda Sanchez
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
- Dartmouth Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03766, USA
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2
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Fukuda M, Mukohara T, Kuwata T, Sunami K, Naito Y. Efficacy of Trametinib in Neurofibromatosis Type 1-Associated Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: A Case Report. JCO Precis Oncol 2024; 8:e2300649. [PMID: 39116355 PMCID: PMC11371073 DOI: 10.1200/po.23.00649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Trametinib, an MEK inhibitor, may offer a new therapeutic option for patients with NF1-related GIST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misao Fukuda
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Toru Mukohara
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Services, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kuwata
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Services, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Kuniko Sunami
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoichi Naito
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
- Department of General Internal Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
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3
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Lee J, Honjo M, Aihara M. A MEK inhibitor arrests the cell cycle of human conjunctival fibroblasts and improves the outcome of glaucoma filtration surgery. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1871. [PMID: 38253821 PMCID: PMC10803501 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52359-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Better agents are needed to improve glaucoma filtration surgery outcomes compared to current ones. The purpose of this study is to determine whether mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitors can effectively arrest the cell cycle of human conjunctival fibroblasts (HCFs) and inhibit the formation of fibrosis and scarring following glaucoma filtration surgery. A cell counting kit‑8 assay revealed that the MEK inhibitor PD0325901 exhibited concentration-dependent growth inhibition of HCFs. Quantitative PCR, immunocytochemistry, and western blotting demonstrated decreased expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and cyclin D1 and increased expression of p27 in HCFs treated with PD0325901. Flow cytometry indicated that PD0325901 arrested the cell cycle of HCFs in the G0/1 phase. The cell-migration assay showed that HCF migration rate was significantly suppressed by PD0325901 exposure. Rabbits were divided into PD0325901-treatment and control groups, and glaucoma filtration surgery was performed. Although intraocular pressure did not differ between PD0325901-treatment and control groups, bleb height was greater in the treatment group. Histopathological evaluation revealed that fibrotic changes were significantly attenuated in the PD0325901-treatment group compared to the control group. In conclusion, the MEK inhibitor impedes HCF proliferation via cell-cycle arrest and may be beneficial for glaucoma filtration surgery by reducing bleb scarring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhee Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Megumi Honjo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
| | - Makoto Aihara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
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4
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Giraud JS, Bièche I, Pasmant É, Tlemsani C. NF1 alterations in cancers: therapeutic implications in precision medicine. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2023; 32:941-957. [PMID: 37747491 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2023.2263836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION NF1 is a tumor suppressor gene encoding neurofibromin, an inhibitor of the RAS/MAPK and PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathways. NF1 germline pathogenic variants cause the tumor predisposition syndrome neurofibromatosis type 1. Targeted therapies (MEK inhibitors) have been approved for benign nerve sheath tumors in neurofibromatosis type 1 patients. NF1 somatic alterations are present in ~5% of all human sporadic cancers. In melanomas, acute myeloid leukemias and lung adenocarcinomas, the NF1 somatic alteration frequency is higher (~15%). However, to date, the therapeutic impact of NF1 somatic alterations is poorly investigated. AREAS COVERED This review presents a comprehensive overview of targeted therapies and immunotherapies currently developed and evaluated in vitro and in vivo for NF1-altered cancer treatment. A PubMed database literature review was performed to select relevant original articles. Active clinical trials were researched in ClinicalTrials.gov database in August 2022. TCGA and HGMD® databases were consulted. EXPERT OPINION This review highlights the need to better understand the molecular mechanisms of NF1-altered tumors and the development of innovative strategies to effectively target NF1-loss in human cancers. One of the current major challenges in cancer management is the targeting of tumor suppressor genes such as NF1 gene. Currently, most studies are focusing on inhibitors of the RAS/MAPK and PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathways and immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Stéphane Giraud
- Institut Cochin, Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Université Paris Cité, CARPEM, Paris, France
| | - Ivan Bièche
- Institut Cochin, Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Université Paris Cité, CARPEM, Paris, France
- Genetic Department, Curie Institute, Paris, France
| | - Éric Pasmant
- Institut Cochin, Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Université Paris Cité, CARPEM, Paris, France
- Genetic Department, Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP.Centre-Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Camille Tlemsani
- Institut Cochin, Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Université Paris Cité, CARPEM, Paris, France
- Oncology Department, Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP.Centre-Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
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5
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Magallón-Lorenz M, Terribas E, Ortega-Bertran S, Creus-Bachiller E, Fernández M, Requena G, Rosas I, Mazuelas H, Uriarte-Arrazola I, Negro A, Lausová T, Castellanos E, Blanco I, DeVries G, Kawashima H, Legius E, Brems H, Mautner V, Kluwe L, Ratner N, Wallace M, Fernández-Rodriguez J, Lázaro C, Fletcher JA, Reuss D, Carrió M, Gel B, Serra E. Deep genomic analysis of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor cell lines challenges current malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor diagnosis. iScience 2023; 26:106096. [PMID: 36818284 PMCID: PMC9929861 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are soft-tissue sarcomas of the peripheral nervous system that develop either sporadically or in the context of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). MPNST diagnosis can be challenging and treatment outcomes are poor. We present here a resource consisting of the genomic characterization of 9 widely used human MPNST cell lines for their use in translational research. NF1-related cell lines recapitulated primary MPNST copy number profiles, exhibited NF1, CDKN2A, and SUZ12/EED tumor suppressor gene (TSG) inactivation, and presented no gain-of-function mutations. In contrast, sporadic cell lines collectively displayed different TSG inactivation patterns and presented kinase-activating mutations, fusion genes, altered mutational frequencies and COSMIC signatures, and different methylome-based classifications. Cell lines re-classified as melanomas and other sarcomas exhibited a different drug-treatment response. Deep genomic analysis, methylome-based classification, and cell-identity marker expression, challenged the identity of common MPNST cell lines, opening an opportunity to revise MPNST differential diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Magallón-Lorenz
- Hereditary Cancer Group, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ernest Terribas
- Hereditary Cancer Group, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Ortega-Bertran
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08098 Barcelona, Spain,Program in Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology (Oncobell), IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Edgar Creus-Bachiller
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08098 Barcelona, Spain,Program in Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology (Oncobell), IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marco Fernández
- Cytometry Core Facility, Germans Trias & Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gerard Requena
- Cytometry Core Facility, Germans Trias & Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Inma Rosas
- Clinical Genomics Research Group, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain,Clinical Genomics Unit, Clinical Genetics Service, Northern Metropolitan Clinical Laboratory, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital (HGTP), Can Ruti Campus, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Helena Mazuelas
- Hereditary Cancer Group, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Itziar Uriarte-Arrazola
- Hereditary Cancer Group, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alex Negro
- Clinical Genomics Research Group, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain,Clinical Genomics Unit, Clinical Genetics Service, Northern Metropolitan Clinical Laboratory, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital (HGTP), Can Ruti Campus, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tereza Lausová
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany,Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Castellanos
- Clinical Genomics Research Group, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain,Clinical Genomics Unit, Clinical Genetics Service, Northern Metropolitan Clinical Laboratory, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital (HGTP), Can Ruti Campus, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Blanco
- Clinical Genomics Research Group, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain,Genetic Counseling Unit, Clinical Genetics Service, Northern Metropolitan Clinical Laboratory, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | | | - Hiroyuki Kawashima
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Palliative Care Team, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Eric Legius
- Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hilde Brems
- Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Viktor Mautner
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lan Kluwe
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nancy Ratner
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Margaret Wallace
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, and UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Juana Fernández-Rodriguez
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08098 Barcelona, Spain,Program in Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology (Oncobell), IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Conxi Lázaro
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08098 Barcelona, Spain,Program in Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology (Oncobell), IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jonathan A. Fletcher
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 20 Shattuck Street, Thorn 528, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - David Reuss
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany,Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Meritxell Carrió
- Hereditary Cancer Group, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bernat Gel
- Hereditary Cancer Group, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain,Departament de Fonaments Clínics, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08036 Barcelona, Spain,Corresponding author
| | - Eduard Serra
- Hereditary Cancer Group, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain,Corresponding author
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6
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Zhang L, Lemberg KM, Calizo A, Varadhan R, Siegel AH, Meyer CF, Blakeley JO, Pratilas CA. Analysis of treatment sequence and outcomes in patients with relapsed malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. Neurooncol Adv 2023; 5:vdad156. [PMID: 38130899 PMCID: PMC10733661 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdad156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) are aggressive soft tissue sarcomas originating from cellular components within the nerve sheath. The incidence of MPNST is highest in people with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), and MPNST is the leading cause of death for these individuals. Complete surgical resection is the only curative therapeutic option, but is often unfeasible due to tumor location, size, or presence of metastases. Evidence-based choices of chemotherapy for recurrent/refractory MPNST remain elusive. To address this gap, we conducted a retrospective analysis of our institutional experience in treating patients with relapsed MPNST in order to describe patient outcomes related to salvage regimens. Methods We conducted a retrospective electronic health record analysis of patients with MPNST who were treated at Johns Hopkins Hospital from January 2010 to June 2021. We calculated time to progression (TTP) based on salvage chemotherapy regimens. Results Sixty-five patients were included in the analysis. Upfront therapy included single or combined modalities of surgery, chemotherapy, or radiotherapy. Forty-eight patients received at least 1 line of chemotherapy, which included 23 different regimens (excluding active clinical studies). Most patients (n = 42, 87.5%) received a combination of doxorubicin, ifosfamide, or etoposide as first-line chemotherapy. Salvage chemotherapy regimens and their TTP varied greatly, with irinotecan/temozolomide-based regimens having the longest average TTP (255.5 days, among 4 patients). Conclusions Patients with advanced or metastatic MPNST often succumb to their disease despite multiple lines of therapy. These data may be used as comparative information in decision-making for future patients and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindy Zhang
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine Graduate Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kathryn M Lemberg
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ana Calizo
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine Graduate Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ravi Varadhan
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Alan H Siegel
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Christian F Meyer
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jaishri O Blakeley
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Christine A Pratilas
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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7
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Wolter JK, Valencia-Sama I, Osborn AJ, Propst EJ, Irwin MS, Papsin B, Wolter NE. Combination mTOR and SHP2 inhibitor treatment of lymphatic malformation endothelial cells. Microvasc Res 2022; 143:104397. [PMID: 35671835 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2022.104397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors are clinically effective at treating some complex lymphatic malformations (LM). The mTOR inhibitor rapamycin blocks the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway, which is commonly mutated in this condition. Although rapamycin is effective at controlling symptoms of LM, treatment courses are long, not all LMs respond to treatment, and many patients relapse after treatment has stopped. Concurrent rat sarcoma virus (RAS) pathway abnormalities have been identified in LM, which may limit the effectiveness of rapamycin. Protein tyrosine phosphatase-2 (SHP2) controls the RAS pathway upstream, and SHP2 inhibitors are being investigated for treatment of various tumors. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of SHP2 inhibition in combination with rapamycin on LM growth in vitro. Using primary patient cells isolated from a surgically resected LM, we found that combination treatment with rapamycin and the SHP2 inhibitor SHP099 caused a synergistic reduction in cell growth, migration and lymphangiogenesis. These results suggest that combination treatment targeting the PI3K and RAS signaling pathways may result in effective treatment of LMs of the head and neck.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer K Wolter
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Alex J Osborn
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Evan J Propst
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Meredith S Irwin
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Blake Papsin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nikolaus E Wolter
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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8
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Doherty J, Mandati V, González-Rodriguez MA, Troutman S, Shepard A, Harbaugh D, Brody R, Miller DC, Kareta MS, Kissil JL. Validation of BET proteins as therapeutic targets in Neurofibromatosis type 2. Neurooncol Adv 2022; 4:vdac072. [PMID: 35855490 PMCID: PMC9278623 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdac072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) is an autosomal dominant genetic disease characterized by development of schwannomas on the VIIIth (vestibular) cranial nerves. Bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) proteins regulate gene transcription and their activity is required in a variety of cancers including malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. The use of BET inhibitors as a therapeutic option to treat NF2 schwannomas has not been explored and is the focus of this study. Methods A panel of normal and NF2-null Schwann and schwannoma cell lines were used to characterize the impact of the BET inhibitor JQ1 in vitro and in vivo. The mechanism of action was explored by chromatin immunoprecipitation of the BET BRD4, phospho-kinase arrays and immunohistochemistry (IHC) of BRD4 in vestibular schwannomas. Results JQ1 inhibited proliferation of NF2-null schwannoma and Schwann cell lines in vitro and in vivo. Further, loss of NF2 by CRISPR deletion or siRNA knockdown increased sensitivity of cells to JQ1. Loss of function experiments identified BRD4, and to a lesser extent BRD2, as BET family members mediating the majority of JQ1 effects. IHC demonstrated elevated levels of BRD4 protein in human vestibular schwannomas. Analysis of signaling pathways effected by JQ1 treatment suggests that the effects of JQ1 treatment are mediated, at least in part, via inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling. Conclusions NF2-deficient Schwann and schwannoma cells are sensitive to BET inhibition, primarily mediated by BRD4, which is overexpressed in human vestibular schwannomas. Our results suggest BRD4 regulates PI3K signaling and likely impedes NF2 schwannoma growth via this inhibition. These findings implicate BET inhibition as a therapeutic option for NF2-deficient schwannomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Doherty
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida, USA
| | - Vinay Mandati
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida, USA
| | | | - Scott Troutman
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Alyssa Shepard
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida, USA
| | - David Harbaugh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida, USA
| | - Rachel Brody
- Department of Pathology, Molecular, and Cell-based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Douglas C Miller
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Michael S Kareta
- Genetics and Genomics Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, 57104, USA
| | - Joseph L Kissil
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
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9
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Somatilaka BN, Sadek A, McKay RM, Le LQ. Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor: models, biology, and translation. Oncogene 2022; 41:2405-2421. [PMID: 35393544 PMCID: PMC9035132 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02290-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are aggressive, invasive cancer that comprise around 10% of all soft tissue sarcomas and develop in about 8-13% of patients with Neurofibromatosis Type 1. They are associated with poor prognosis and are the leading cause of mortality in NF1 patients. MPNSTs can also develop sporadically or following exposure to radiation. There is currently no effective targeted therapy to treat MPNSTs and surgical removal remains the mainstay treatment. Unfortunately, surgery is not always possible due to the size and location of the tumor, thus, a better understanding of MPNST initiation and development is required to design novel therapeutics. Here, we provide an overview of MPNST biology and genetics, discuss findings regarding the developmental origin of MPNST, and summarize the various model systems employed to study MPNST. Finally, we discuss current management strategies for MPNST, as well as recent developments in translating basic research findings into potential therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bandarigoda N. Somatilaka
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern
Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, 75390-9069, USA
| | - Ali Sadek
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern
Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, 75390-9069, USA
| | - Renee M. McKay
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern
Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, 75390-9069, USA
| | - Lu Q. Le
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern
Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, 75390-9069, USA,Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas
Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, 75390-9069, USA,UTSW Comprehensive Neurofibromatosis Clinic, University of
Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, 75390-9069, USA,Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine,
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas,
75390-9069, USA,O’Donnell Brain Institute, University of Texas
Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, 75390-9069, USA
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10
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Synthetic mRNAs; Their Analogue Caps and Contribution to Disease. Diseases 2021; 9:diseases9030057. [PMID: 34449596 PMCID: PMC8395722 DOI: 10.3390/diseases9030057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The structure of synthetic mRNAs as used in vaccination against cancer and infectious diseases contain specifically designed caps followed by sequences of the 5′ untranslated repeats of β-globin gene. The strategy for successful design of synthetic mRNAs by chemically modifying their caps aims to increase resistance to the enzymatic deccapping complex, offer a higher affinity for binding to the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (elF4E) protein and enforce increased translation of their encoded proteins. However, the cellular homeostasis is finely balanced and obeys to specific laws of thermodynamics conferring balance between complexity and growth rate in evolution. An overwhelming and forced translation even under alarming conditions of the cell during a concurrent viral infection, or when molecular pathways are trying to circumvent precursor events that lead to autoimmunity and cancer, may cause the recipient cells to ignore their differential sensitivities which are essential for keeping normal conditions. The elF4E which is a powerful RNA regulon and a potent oncogene governing cell cycle progression and proliferation at a post-transcriptional level, may then be a great contributor to disease development. The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) axis manly inhibits the elF4E to proceed with mRNA translation but disturbance in fine balances between mTOR and elF4E action may provide a premature step towards oncogenesis, ignite pre-causal mechanisms of immune deregulation and cause maturation (aging) defects.
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11
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Mohamad T, Plante C, Brosseau JP. Toward Understanding the Mechanisms of Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor Development. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168620. [PMID: 34445326 PMCID: PMC8395254 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) originate from the neural crest lineage and are associated with the neurofibromatosis type I syndrome. MPNST is an unmet clinical need. In this review article, we summarize the knowledge and discuss research perspectives related to (1) the natural history of MPNST development; (2) the mouse models recapitulating the progression from precursor lesions to MPNST; (3) the role of the tumor microenvironment in MPNST development, and (4) the signaling pathways linked to MPNST development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teddy Mohamad
- Department of Biochemistry and Functional Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1E 4K8, Canada; (T.M.); (C.P.)
| | - Camille Plante
- Department of Biochemistry and Functional Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1E 4K8, Canada; (T.M.); (C.P.)
| | - Jean-Philippe Brosseau
- Department of Biochemistry and Functional Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1E 4K8, Canada; (T.M.); (C.P.)
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1E 4K8, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-819-821-8000 (ext. 72477)
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12
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Abstract
Herein, we wanted to explore the molecular landscape of mucosal melanoma from different sites and identify potential molecular targets for future therapy. Mucosal melanomas (N = 40) from different sites (conjunctiva, sinonasal cavity, rectum, and vagina) were investigated. Targeted next-generation sequencing along with Nanostring gene expression profiling was performed. Genetically, conjunctival melanoma was characterized by BRAF-V600E (30%) and NF1 mutations (17%). Mucosal melanomas at nonsun-exposed sites harbored alterations in NRAS, KIT, NF1, along with atypical BRAF mutations. When comparing the gene expression profile of conjunctival melanoma and nonsun-exposed mucosal melanoma, 41 genes were found to be significantly deregulated. Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) presented a significant sixfold upregulation in conjunctival melanoma compared to the other mucosal melanomas. While melanomas of the sinonasal cavity, vagina, and rectum are molecularly similar, conjunctival melanoma is characterized by a higher frequency of BRAF-V600E mutations and differential expression of several genes involved in the immune response.
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13
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Casey D, Demko S, Sinha A, Mishra-Kalyani PS, Shen YL, Khasar S, Goheer MA, Helms WS, Pan L, Xu Y, Fan J, Leong R, Liu J, Yang Y, Windsor K, Ou M, Stephens O, Oh B, Reaman GH, Nair A, Shord SS, Bhatnagar V, Daniels SR, Sickafuse S, Goldberg KB, Theoret MR, Pazdur R, Singh H. FDA Approval Summary: Selumetinib for Plexiform Neurofibroma. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:4142-4146. [PMID: 33712511 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-5032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
On April 10, 2020, the FDA approved selumetinib (KOSELUGO, AstraZeneca) for the treatment of pediatric patients 2 years of age and older with neurofibromatosis type 1 who have symptomatic, inoperable plexiform neurofibromas. Approval was based on demonstration of a durable overall response rate per Response Evaluation in Neurofibromatosis and Schwannomatosis criteria and supported by observed clinical improvements in plexiform neurofibroma-related symptoms and functional impairments in 50 pediatric patients with inoperable plexiform neurofibromas in a single-arm, multicenter trial. The overall reponse rate per NCI investigator assessment was 66% (95% confidence interval, 51-79) with at least 12 months of follow-up. The median duration of response was not reached, and 82% of responding patients experienced duration of response ≥12 months. Clinical outcome assessment endpoints provided supportive efficacy data. Risks of selumetinib are consistent with MAPK (MEK) inhibitor class effects, including ocular, cardiac, musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal, and dermatologic toxicities. Safety was assessed across a pooled database of 74 pediatric patients with plexiform neurofibromas and supported by adult and pediatric selumetinib clinical trial data in cancer indications. The benefit-risk assessment for selumetinib in patients with inoperable plexiform neurofibromas was considered favorable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Casey
- Office of Oncologic Diseases, FDA, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Suzanne Demko
- Office of Oncologic Diseases, FDA, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Arup Sinha
- Office of Biostatistics, FDA, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | | | - Yuan-Li Shen
- Office of Biostatistics, FDA, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Sachia Khasar
- Office of Oncologic Diseases, FDA, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - M Anwar Goheer
- Office of Oncologic Diseases, FDA, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | | | - Lili Pan
- Office of Clinical Pharmacology, FDA, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Yuan Xu
- Office of Clinical Pharmacology, FDA, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Jianghong Fan
- Office of Clinical Pharmacology, FDA, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Ruby Leong
- Office of Clinical Pharmacology, FDA, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Jiang Liu
- Office of Clinical Pharmacology, FDA, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Yuching Yang
- Office of Clinical Pharmacology, FDA, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | | | - Mei Ou
- Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, FDA, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Olen Stephens
- Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, FDA, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Byeongtaek Oh
- Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, FDA, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | | | - Abhilasha Nair
- Oncology Center of Excellence, FDA, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Stacy S Shord
- Office of Clinical Pharmacology, FDA, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | | | - Selena R Daniels
- Division of Clinical Outcome Assessment, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, FDA, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | | | | | - Marc R Theoret
- Oncology Center of Excellence, FDA, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Richard Pazdur
- Oncology Center of Excellence, FDA, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Harpreet Singh
- Office of Oncologic Diseases, FDA, Silver Spring, Maryland. .,Oncology Center of Excellence, FDA, Silver Spring, Maryland
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14
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Feroze K, Kaliyadan F. Targeted genetic and molecular therapies in neurofibromatosis - A review of present therapeutic options and a glimpse into the future. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2021; 88:1-10. [PMID: 34379966 DOI: 10.25259/ijdvl_6_2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 1, the most common phakomatoses, can present with a host of signs and symptoms, usually involving the skin and the peripheral nervous system. It is characterized by a mutation in the neurofibromatosis type 1 gene on chromosome 17q11.2 that codes for the protein neurofibromin. Neurofibromin acts as a tumor suppressor gene by inhibiting rat sarcoma (Ras) activity and its deficiency leads to increased Ras activity, cellular proliferation and tumor formation. This review was conducted to analyze the various targeted therapies at the genetic and molecular level employed to manage the tumors and other clinical presentations associated with neurofibromatosis type 1. Twenty-eight studies of treatment modalities for the conditions associated with neurofibromatosis and which involved either targeted gene therapy or molecular level therapies, including the latest advances, were included in this review. Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase inhibition, mammalian target of Rapamycin inhibition and Tyrosine kinase inhibition, represent some of the newer treatment options in this category. Although there are a number of trials for providing therapeutic options at the genetic and molecular level for the various physical and psychological morbidities associated with neurofibromatosis type 1, most of them are in the preclinical stage. Increased clinical trials of the molecules and gene therapies could significantly help in managing the various chronic and sometimes, life-threatening conditions associated with neurofibromatosis 1 and these will probably represent the preferred treatment direction of the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaberi Feroze
- Department of Ophthalmology, Al Azhar Medical College, Thodupuzha, Kerala, India
| | - Feroze Kaliyadan
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Dermatology, Sree Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences, Chalakka, Kerala, India
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15
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Jutant EM, Jaïs X, Girerd B, Savale L, Ghigna MR, Perros F, Mignard X, Jevnikar M, Bourlier D, Prevot G, Tromeur C, Bauer F, Bergot E, Dauphin C, Favrolt N, Traclet J, Soumagne T, De Groote P, Chabanne C, Magro P, Bertoletti L, Gueffet JP, Chaouat A, Goupil F, Moceri P, Borie R, Fadel E, Wolkenstein P, Brillet PY, Simonneau G, Sitbon O, Humbert M, Montani D. Phenotype and Outcomes of Pulmonary Hypertension Associated with Neurofibromatosis Type 1. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2020; 202:843-852. [PMID: 32437637 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202001-0105oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a rare and largely unknown complication of NF1.Objectives: To describe characteristics and outcomes of PH-NF1.Methods: We reported the clinical, functional, radiologic, histologic, and hemodynamic characteristics, response to pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)-approved drugs, and transplant-free survival of patients with PH-NF1 from the French PH registry.Measurements and Main Results: We identified 49 PH-NF1 cases, characterized by a female/male ratio of 3.9 and a median (minimum-maximum) age at diagnosis of 62 (18-82) years. At diagnosis, 92% were in New York Heart Association functional class III or IV. The 6-minute-walk distance was 211 (0-460) m. Pulmonary function tests showed low DlCO (30% [12-79%]) and severe hypoxemia (PaO2 56 [38-99] mm Hg). Right heart catheterization showed severe precapillary PH with a mean pulmonary artery pressure of 45 (10) mm Hg and a pulmonary vascular resistance of 10.7 (4.2) Wood units. High-resolution computed tomography images revealed cysts (76%), ground-glass opacities (73%), emphysema (49%), and reticulations (39%). Forty patients received PAH-approved drugs with a significant improvement in functional class and hemodynamic parameters. Transplant-free survival at 1, 3, and 5 years was 87%, 54%, and 42%, respectively, and four patients were transplanted. Pathologic assessment showed nonspecific interstitial pneumonia and major pulmonary vascular remodeling.Conclusions: PH-NF1 is characterized by a female predominance, a low DlCO, and severe functional and hemodynamic impairment. Despite a potential benefit of PAH treatment, prognosis remains poor, and double-lung transplantation is an option for eligible patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne-Marie Jutant
- School of Medicine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,INSERM UMR_S 999 Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Novel Therapies.,Department of Respiratory and Intensive Care Medicine, Pulmonary Hypertension National Referral Center, Hôpital Bicêtre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Xavier Jaïs
- School of Medicine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,INSERM UMR_S 999 Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Novel Therapies.,Department of Respiratory and Intensive Care Medicine, Pulmonary Hypertension National Referral Center, Hôpital Bicêtre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Barbara Girerd
- School of Medicine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,INSERM UMR_S 999 Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Novel Therapies.,Department of Respiratory and Intensive Care Medicine, Pulmonary Hypertension National Referral Center, Hôpital Bicêtre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Laurent Savale
- School of Medicine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,INSERM UMR_S 999 Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Novel Therapies.,Department of Respiratory and Intensive Care Medicine, Pulmonary Hypertension National Referral Center, Hôpital Bicêtre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Maria-Rosa Ghigna
- INSERM UMR_S 999 Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Novel Therapies.,Service d'Anatomopathologie, and
| | - Frédéric Perros
- School of Medicine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,INSERM UMR_S 999 Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Novel Therapies.,Department of Respiratory and Intensive Care Medicine, Pulmonary Hypertension National Referral Center, Hôpital Bicêtre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Xavier Mignard
- School of Medicine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,INSERM UMR_S 999 Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Novel Therapies.,Department of Respiratory and Intensive Care Medicine, Pulmonary Hypertension National Referral Center, Hôpital Bicêtre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Mitja Jevnikar
- School of Medicine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,INSERM UMR_S 999 Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Novel Therapies.,Department of Respiratory and Intensive Care Medicine, Pulmonary Hypertension National Referral Center, Hôpital Bicêtre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Delphine Bourlier
- Service des Maladies Respiratoires, Hôpital Haut-Lévêque CHU Bordeaux Pessac, France
| | - Grégoire Prevot
- Pneumologie et Maladies Rares, Pôle Voies Respiratoires, Hôpital Larrey, Toulouse, France
| | - Cécile Tromeur
- Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital de la Cavale Blanche, Brest, France
| | - Fabrice Bauer
- INSERM U1096, Heart Failure Clinic and Pulmonary Hypertension Center, Rouen, France.,Service de Chirurgie Cardiaque, Hôpital Charles Nicole, Rouen, France
| | - Emmanuel Bergot
- Service de Pneumologie et Oncologie Thoracique, CHU Côte de Nacre, Caen, France
| | - Claire Dauphin
- Service de Cardiologie et Maladies Vasculaires, Hôpital Gabriel Montpied, Clermont Ferrand, France
| | - Nicolas Favrolt
- Service de Pneumologie et Soins Intensifs Respiratoires, CHU François Mitterrand, Dijon, France
| | - Julie Traclet
- Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Louis Pradel, Lyon, France
| | | | - Pascal De Groote
- Service de Cardiologie, CHU Lille, Lille, France.,INSERM U1167, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Céline Chabanne
- Service de Chirurgie Thoracique, Cardiaque et Vasculaire, Hôpital Pontchaillou, Rennes, France
| | - Pascal Magro
- Service de Pneumologie, CHU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Laurent Bertoletti
- Service de Médecine Vasculaire et Thérapeutique, CHU de St-Etienne, St-Etienne, France.,INSERM, UMR1059, Université Jean-Monnet, St-Etienne, France.,INSERM, CIC-1408, CHU Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Gueffet
- Unité de Soins et de Cardiologie Interventionnelle, Hôpital Privé du Confluent, Nantes, France
| | - Ari Chaouat
- Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy, Département de Pneumologie, Hôpital de Brabois, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,INSERM UMR_S 1116, Défaillance Cardiovasculaire Aigüe et Chronique, Faculté de Médecine de Nancy, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | | | | | - Raphael Borie
- Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Bichat, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Elie Fadel
- INSERM UMR_S 999 Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Novel Therapies.,Pôle de Chirurgie Cardiaque Congénitale et Pédiatrique, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
| | - Pierre Wolkenstein
- Service de Dermatologie, CHU Mondor, AP-HP, Créteil, France.,Université Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Brillet
- Service de Radiologie, Hôpital Avicenne, AP-HP, Bobigny, France; and.,Unité INSERM 1272, Université Paris 13, Villetaneuse, France
| | - Gérald Simonneau
- School of Medicine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,INSERM UMR_S 999 Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Novel Therapies.,Department of Respiratory and Intensive Care Medicine, Pulmonary Hypertension National Referral Center, Hôpital Bicêtre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Olivier Sitbon
- School of Medicine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,INSERM UMR_S 999 Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Novel Therapies.,Department of Respiratory and Intensive Care Medicine, Pulmonary Hypertension National Referral Center, Hôpital Bicêtre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Marc Humbert
- School of Medicine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,INSERM UMR_S 999 Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Novel Therapies.,Department of Respiratory and Intensive Care Medicine, Pulmonary Hypertension National Referral Center, Hôpital Bicêtre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - David Montani
- School of Medicine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,INSERM UMR_S 999 Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Novel Therapies.,Department of Respiratory and Intensive Care Medicine, Pulmonary Hypertension National Referral Center, Hôpital Bicêtre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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16
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Wang J, Pollard K, Calizo A, Pratilas CA. Activation of Receptor Tyrosine Kinases Mediates Acquired Resistance to MEK Inhibition in Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors. Cancer Res 2020; 81:747-762. [PMID: 33203698 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-1992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors often arise in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 and are among the most treatment-refractory types of sarcoma. Overall survival in patients with relapsed disease remains poor, and thus novel therapeutic approaches are needed. NF1 is essential for negative regulation of RAS activity and is altered in about 90% of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST). A complex interplay of upstream signaling and parallel RAS-driven pathways characterizes NF1-driven tumorigenesis, and inhibiting more than one RAS effector pathway is therefore necessary. To devise potential combination therapeutic strategies, we identified actionable alterations in signaling that underlie adaptive and acquired resistance to MEK inhibitor (MEKi). Using a series of proteomic, biochemical, and genetic approaches in an in vitro model of MEKi resistance provided a rationale for combination therapies. HGF/MET signaling was elevated in the MEKi-resistant model. HGF overexpression conferred resistance to MEKi in parental cells. Depletion of HGF or MET restored sensitivity of MEKi-resistant cells to MEKi. Finally, a combination of MEK and MET inhibition demonstrated activity in models of MPNST and may therefore be effective in patients with MPNST harboring genetic alterations in NF1. SIGNIFICANCE: This study demonstrates that MEKi plus MET inhibitor may delay or prevent a novel mechanism of acquired MEKi resistance, with clinical implications for MPNST patients harboring NF1 alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawan Wang
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins; Department of Oncology and Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Kai Pollard
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins; Department of Oncology and Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ana Calizo
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins; Department of Oncology and Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Christine A Pratilas
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins; Department of Oncology and Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
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17
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Tao J, Sun D, Dong L, Zhu H, Hou H. Advancement in research and therapy of NF1 mutant malignant tumors. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:492. [PMID: 33061844 PMCID: PMC7547409 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01570-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The NF1 gene encodes neurofibromin, which is one of the primary negative regulatory factors of the Ras protein. Neurofibromin stimulates the GTPase activity of Ras to convert it from an active GTP-bound form to its inactive GDP-bound form through its GTPase activating protein-related domain (GRD). Therefore, neurofibromin serves as a shutdown signal for all vertebrate RAS GTPases. NF1 mutations cause a resultant decrease in neurofibromin expression, which has been detected in many human malignancies, including NSCLC, breast cancer and so on. NF1 mutations are associated with the underlying mechanisms of treatment resistance discovered in multiple malignancies. This paper reviews the possible mechanisms of NF1 mutation-induced therapeutic resistance to chemotherapy, endocrine therapy and targeted therapy in malignancies. Then, we further discuss advancements in targeted therapy for NF1-mutated malignant tumors. In addition, therapies targeting the downstream molecules of NF1 might be potential novel strategies for the treatment of advanced malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyan Tao
- Precision Medicine Center of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 59 Haier Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266000 China
| | - Dantong Sun
- Precision Medicine Center of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 59 Haier Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266000 China
| | - Lina Dong
- Precision Medicine Center of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 59 Haier Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266000 China
| | - Hua Zhu
- Precision Medicine Center of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 59 Haier Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266000 China
| | - Helei Hou
- Precision Medicine Center of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 59 Haier Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266000 China
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18
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NF1-RAC1 axis regulates migration of the melanocytic lineage. Transl Oncol 2020; 13:100858. [PMID: 32891903 PMCID: PMC7484592 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2020.100858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastases's spreading is the main cause of mortality for advanced stage cancer patients, including melanoma. The formation of metastases is favored by enhanced migratory and invasive capacities of tumor cells. Tumor suppressor gene NF1 is a negative regulator of RAS and its deregulation plays an important role in several aspects of melanoma transformation and progression. However, very little is described about the role of NF1 in cellular migration and invasion. In this study, our results show on the one hand, that the loss of NF1 expression delays migration of human melanoblasts via a RAC1-dependent mechanism. On the other hand, our data indicate that NF1 loss in melanoma cells is enhancing migration, intravasation and metastases formation in vivo. Moreover, not only this phenotype is associated with an upregulation of PREX1 but also patient-derived melanoma samples with low NF1 expression present increased levels of PREX1. In sum, our study brings new elements on the mechanism controlling cellular migration in the context of NF1 loss. These data are of prime interest to improve treatment strategies against all NF1-mutated tumors, including this subtype of melanoma.
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19
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Meister MT, Scheer M, Hallmen E, Stegmaier S, Vokuhl C, von Kalle T, Fuchs J, Münter M, Niggli F, Ladenstein R, Kazanowska B, Ljungman G, Bielack S, Koscielniak E, Klingebiel T. Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors in children, adolescents, and young adults: Treatment results of five Cooperative Weichteilsarkom Studiengruppe (CWS) trials and one registry. J Surg Oncol 2020; 122:1337-1347. [PMID: 32812260 DOI: 10.1002/jso.26153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) are aggressive soft tissue sarcomas that present as large, invasive tumors. Our aim was to assess outcomes, identify prognostic factors, and analyze treatment strategies in a prospectively collected pediatric cohort. METHODS Patients less than 21 years with MPNST treated in the consecutive prospective European Cooperative Weichteilsarkom Studiengruppe (CWS)-trials (1981-2009) and the CWS-SoTiSaR registry (2009-2015) were analyzed. RESULTS A total of 159 patients were analyzed. Neurofibromatosis type I (NF1) was reported in thirty-eight patients (24%). Most were adolescents (67%) with large (>10 cm, 65%) tumors located at extremities (42%). Nodal involvement was documented in 15 (9%) and distant metastases in 15 (9%) upon diagnosis. Overall, event-free survival (EFS) was 40.5% at 5 and 36.3% at 10 years, and overall survival (OS) was 54.6% at 5 and 47.1% at 10 years. Age, NF1 status, tumor site, tumor size, Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study (IRS) group, metastatic disease, and achieving first complete remission (CR1) were identified as prognostic factors for EFS and/or OS in the univariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS Prognostic factors were identified and research questions for future clinical trials were addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Meister
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Monika Scheer
- Pediatrics 5 (Oncology, Hematology, Immunology), Center for Pediatric, Adolescent and Women's Medicine, Stuttgart Cancer Center, Klinikum Stuttgart - Olgahospital, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Erika Hallmen
- Pediatrics 5 (Oncology, Hematology, Immunology), Center for Pediatric, Adolescent and Women's Medicine, Stuttgart Cancer Center, Klinikum Stuttgart - Olgahospital, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Sabine Stegmaier
- Pediatrics 5 (Oncology, Hematology, Immunology), Center for Pediatric, Adolescent and Women's Medicine, Stuttgart Cancer Center, Klinikum Stuttgart - Olgahospital, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Christian Vokuhl
- Department of Pathology, Section of Pediatric Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thekla von Kalle
- Institute of Radiology, Klinikum Stuttgart, Olgahospital, Stuttgart Cancer Center, Zentrum für Kinder-, Jugend- und Frauenmedizin, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jörg Fuchs
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, University Children's Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marc Münter
- Institute of Radiotherapy, Klinikum Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Felix Niggli
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ruth Ladenstein
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Anna Kinderspital and St. Anna Kinderkrebsforschung e.V., Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Gustaf Ljungman
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Stefan Bielack
- Pediatrics 5 (Oncology, Hematology, Immunology), Center for Pediatric, Adolescent and Women's Medicine, Stuttgart Cancer Center, Klinikum Stuttgart - Olgahospital, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ewa Koscielniak
- Pediatrics 5 (Oncology, Hematology, Immunology), Center for Pediatric, Adolescent and Women's Medicine, Stuttgart Cancer Center, Klinikum Stuttgart - Olgahospital, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Thomas Klingebiel
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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20
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Williams KB, Largaespada DA. New Model Systems and the Development of Targeted Therapies for the Treatment of Neurofibromatosis Type 1-Associated Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E477. [PMID: 32353955 PMCID: PMC7290716 DOI: 10.3390/genes11050477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) is a common genetic disorder and cancer predisposition syndrome (1:3000 births) caused by mutations in the tumor suppressor gene NF1. NF1 encodes neurofibromin, a negative regulator of the Ras signaling pathway. Individuals with NF1 often develop benign tumors of the peripheral nervous system (neurofibromas), originating from the Schwann cell linage, some of which progress further to malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs). Treatment options for neurofibromas and MPNSTs are extremely limited, relying largely on surgical resection and cytotoxic chemotherapy. Identification of novel therapeutic targets in both benign neurofibromas and MPNSTs is critical for improved patient outcomes and quality of life. Recent clinical trials conducted in patients with NF1 for the treatment of symptomatic plexiform neurofibromas using inhibitors of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK) have shown very promising results. However, MEK inhibitors do not work in all patients and have significant side effects. In addition, preliminary evidence suggests single agent use of MEK inhibitors for MPNST treatment will fail. Here, we describe the preclinical efforts that led to the identification of MEK inhibitors as promising therapeutics for the treatment of NF1-related neoplasia and possible reasons they lack single agent efficacy in the treatment of MPNSTs. In addition, we describe work to find targets other than MEK for treatment of MPNST. These have come from studies of RAS biochemistry, in vitro drug screening, forward genetic screens for Schwann cell tumors, and synthetic lethal screens in cells with oncogenic RAS gene mutations. Lastly, we discuss new approaches to exploit drug screening and synthetic lethality with NF1 loss of function mutations in human Schwann cells using CRISPR/Cas9 technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle B. Williams
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - David A. Largaespada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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21
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Combined Targeting of AKT and mTOR Inhibits Proliferation of Human NF1-Associated Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumour Cells In Vitro but not in a Xenograft Mouse Model In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041548. [PMID: 32102484 PMCID: PMC7073166 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent signalling via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is a major driver of malignancy in NF1-associated malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours (MPNST). Nevertheless, single targeting of this pathway is not sufficient to inhibit MPNST growth. In this report, we demonstrate that combined treatment with the allosteric pan-AKT inhibitor MK-2206 and the mTORC1/mTORC2 inhibitor AZD8055 has synergistic effects on the viability of MPNST cell lines in comparison to the treatment with each compound alone. However, when treating animals bearing experimental MPNST with the combined AKT/mTOR regime, no influence on tumour growth was observed. Further analysis of the MPNST xenograft tumours resistant to AKT/mTOR treatment revealed a reactivation of both AKT and mTOR in several tumour samples. Additional targeting of the RAS/RAF/MEK/MAPK pathway with the allosteric MEK1/2 inhibitor AZD6244 showed synergistic effects on the viability of MPNST cell lines in vitro in comparison to the dual AKT/mTOR inhibition. In summary, these data indicate that combined treatment with AKT and mTOR inhibitors is effective on MPNST cells in vitro but tumour resistance can occur rapidly in vivo by restoration of AKT/mTOR signalling. Our data further suggest that a triple treatment with inhibitors against AKT, mTORC1/2 and MEK1/2 may be a promising treatment option that should be further analysed in an experimental MPNST mouse model in vivo.
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22
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Terribas E, Fernández M, Mazuelas H, Fernández-Rodríguez J, Biayna J, Blanco I, Bernal G, Ramos-Oliver I, Thomas C, Guha R, Zhang X, Gel B, Romagosa C, Ferrer M, Lázaro C, Serra E. KIF11 and KIF15 mitotic kinesins are potential therapeutic vulnerabilities for malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. Neurooncol Adv 2020; 2:i62-i74. [PMID: 32642733 PMCID: PMC7317059 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdz061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) constitutes the leading cause of neurofibromatosis type 1–related mortality. MPNSTs contain highly rearranged hyperploid genomes and exhibit a high division rate and aggressiveness. We have studied in vitro whether the mitotic kinesins KIF11, KIF15, and KIF23 have a functional role in maintaining MPNST cell survival and can represent potential therapeutic vulnerabilities. Methods We studied the expression of kinesin mRNAs and proteins in tumors and cell lines and used several in vitro functional assays to analyze the impact of kinesin genetic suppression (KIF15, KIF23) and drug inhibition (KIF11) in MPNST cells. We also performed in vitro combined treatments targeting KIF11 together with other described MPNST targets. Results The studied kinesins were overexpressed in MPNST samples. KIF15 and KIF23 were required for the survival of MPNST cell lines, which were also more sensitive than benign control fibroblasts to the KIF11 inhibitors ispinesib and ARRY-520. Co-targeting KIF11 and BRD4 with ARRY-520 and JQ1 reduced MPNST cell viability, synergistically killing a much higher proportion of MPNST cells than control fibroblasts. In addition, genetic suppression of KIF15 conferred an increased sensitivity to KIF11 inhibitors alone or in combination with JQ1. Conclusions The mitotic spindle kinesins KIF11 and KIF15 and the cytokinetic kinesin KIF23 play a clear role in maintaining MPNST cell survival and may represent potential therapeutic vulnerabilities. Although further in vivo evidences are still mandatory, we propose a simultaneous suppression of KIF11, KIF15, and BRD4 as a potential therapy for MPNSTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernest Terribas
- Program of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer (PMPPC), Germans Trias & Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en RED (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marco Fernández
- Cytometry Core Facility, Germans Trias & Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Helena Mazuelas
- Program of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer (PMPPC), Germans Trias & Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juana Fernández-Rodríguez
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL-ONCOBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Biayna
- Program of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer (PMPPC), Germans Trias & Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Blanco
- Clinical Genetics and Genetic Counseling Program, Germans Trias i Pujol Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gabriela Bernal
- Department of Pathology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irma Ramos-Oliver
- Department of Pathology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Craig Thomas
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Chemical Genomics Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Rajiv Guha
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Chemical Genomics Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Xiaohu Zhang
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Chemical Genomics Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Bernat Gel
- Program of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer (PMPPC), Germans Trias & Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cleofé Romagosa
- Department of Pathology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en RED (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marc Ferrer
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Chemical Genomics Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Conxi Lázaro
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL-ONCOBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en RED (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduard Serra
- Program of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer (PMPPC), Germans Trias & Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en RED (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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23
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Sundaram VK, Massaad C, Grenier J. Liver X Receptors and Their Implications in the Physiology and Pathology of the Peripheral Nervous System. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20174192. [PMID: 31461876 PMCID: PMC6747127 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent research in the last decade has sought to explore the role and therapeutic potential of Liver X Receptors (LXRs) in the physiology and pathologies of the Peripheral Nervous System. LXRs have been shown to be important in maintaining the redox homeostasis in peripheral nerves for proper myelination, and they regulate ER stress in sensory neurons. Furthermore, LXR stimulation has a positive impact on abrogating the effects of diabetic peripheral neuropathy and obesity-induced allodynia in the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS). This review details these findings and addresses certain important questions that are yet to be answered. The potential roles of LXRs in different cells of the PNS are speculated based on existing knowledge. The review also aims to provide important perspectives for further research in elucidating the role of LXRs and assessing the potential of LXR based therapies to combat pathologies of the Peripheral Nervous System.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkat Krishnan Sundaram
- Faculty of Basic and Biomedical Sciences, Paris Descartes University, INSERM UMRS 1124, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Charbel Massaad
- Faculty of Basic and Biomedical Sciences, Paris Descartes University, INSERM UMRS 1124, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Julien Grenier
- Faculty of Basic and Biomedical Sciences, Paris Descartes University, INSERM UMRS 1124, 75006 Paris, France.
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24
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Mechanisms underlying synergy between DNA topoisomerase I-targeted drugs and mTOR kinase inhibitors in NF1-associated malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. Oncogene 2019; 38:6585-6598. [PMID: 31444410 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0965-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are soft-tissue sarcomas that frequently arise in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Most of these tumors are unresectable at diagnosis and minimally responsive to conventional treatment, lending urgency to the identification of new pathway dependencies and drugs with potent antitumor activities. We therefore examined a series of candidate agents for their ability to induce apoptosis in MPNST cells arising in nf1/tp53-deficient zebrafish. In this study, we found that DNA topoisomerase I-targeted drugs and mTOR kinase inhibitors were the most effective single agents in eliminating MPNST cells without prohibitive toxicity. In addition, three members of these classes of drugs, either AZD2014 or INK128 in combination with irinotecan, acted synergistically to induce apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo. In mechanistic studies, irinotecan not only induces apoptosis by eliciting a DNA damage response, but also acts synergistically with AZD2014 to potentiate the hypophosphorylation of 4E-BP1, a downstream target of mTORC1. Profound hypophosphorylation of 4E-BP1 induced by this drug combination causes an arrest of protein synthesis, which potently induces tumor cell apoptosis. Our findings provide a compelling rationale for further in vivo evaluation of the combination of DNA topoisomerase I-targeted drugs and mTOR kinase inhibitors against these aggressive nerve sheath tumors.
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25
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The PTEN Tumor Suppressor Gene in Soft Tissue Sarcoma. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11081169. [PMID: 31416195 PMCID: PMC6721622 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11081169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Soft tissue sarcoma (STS) is a rare malignancy of mesenchymal origin classified into more than 50 different subtypes with distinct clinical and pathologic features. Despite the poor prognosis in the majority of patients, only modest improvements in treatment strategies have been achieved, largely due to the rarity and heterogeneity of these tumors. Therefore, the discovery of new prognostic and predictive biomarkers, together with new therapeutic targets, is of enormous interest. Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is a well-known tumor suppressor that commonly loses its function via mutation, deletion, transcriptional silencing, or protein instability, and is frequently downregulated in distinct sarcoma subtypes. The loss of PTEN function has consequent alterations in important pathways implicated in cell proliferation, survival, migration, and genomic stability. PTEN can also interact with other tumor suppressors and oncogenic signaling pathways that have important implications for the pathogenesis in certain STSs. The aim of the present review is to summarize the biological significance of PTEN in STS and its potential role in the development of new therapeutic strategies.
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26
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Tlemsani C, Pécuchet N, Gruber A, Laurendeau I, Danel C, Riquet M, Le Pimpec-Barthes F, Fabre E, Mansuet-Lupo A, Damotte D, Alifano M, Luscan A, Rousseau B, Vidaud D, Varin J, Parfait B, Bieche I, Leroy K, Laurent-Puig P, Terris B, Blons H, Vidaud M, Pasmant E. NF1 mutations identify molecular and clinical subtypes of lung adenocarcinomas. Cancer Med 2019; 8:4330-4337. [PMID: 31199580 PMCID: PMC6675708 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor suppressor gene neurofibromin 1 (NF1) is a major regulator of the RAS-MAPK pathway. NF1 mutations occur in lung cancer but were not extensively explored. We hypothesized that NF1-mutated tumors could define a specific population with a distinct clinical and molecular profile. We performed NF1 sequencing using next generation sequencing (NGS) in 154 lung adenocarcinoma surgical specimens with known KRAS, EGFR, TP53, BRAF, HER2, and PIK3CA status, to evaluate the molecular and clinical specificities of NF1-mutated lung cancers. Clinical data were retrospectively collected, and their associations with molecular profiles assessed. In this series, 24 tumors were NF1 mutated (17.5%) and 11 were NF1 deleted (8%). There was no mutation hotspot. NF1 mutations were rarely associated with other RAS-MAPK pathway mutations. Most of patients with NF1 alterations were males (74.3%) and smokers (74.3%). Overall survival and disease-free survival were statistically better in patients with NF1 alterations (N = 34) than in patients with KRAS mutations (N = 30) in univariate analysis. Our results confirm that NF1 is frequently mutated and represents a distinct molecular and clinical subtype of lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Tlemsani
- Service de Génétique et Biologie Moléculaires, Hôpital Cochin, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France.,EA7331, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | | | - Aurelia Gruber
- EA7331, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Ingrid Laurendeau
- EA7331, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Claire Danel
- Service d'Anatomopathologie, Hôpital Bichat, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Marc Riquet
- Service de Chirurgie Thoracique, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou (HEGP), AP-HP, Paris, France
| | | | - Elizabeth Fabre
- INSERM UMR-S1147, Université Sorbonne-Paris-Cité, Paris, France.,Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou (HEGP), AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Audrey Mansuet-Lupo
- Service d'Anatomopathologie, Hôpital Cochin, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Diane Damotte
- Service d'Anatomopathologie, Hôpital Cochin, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Marco Alifano
- Service de Chirurgie Thoracique, Hôpital Cochin, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Armelle Luscan
- Service de Génétique et Biologie Moléculaires, Hôpital Cochin, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France.,EA7331, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Benoit Rousseau
- Service d'Oncologie Médicale, hôpital Henri-Mondor, AP-HP, Créteil, France.,Faculté de médecine de Créteil, Université Paris Est, Créteil, France.,Faculté de médecine de Créteil, Institut Mondor de recherche biomédicale, Inserm U955 équipe 18, Créteil, France
| | - Dominique Vidaud
- Service de Génétique et Biologie Moléculaires, Hôpital Cochin, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France.,EA7331, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Jennifer Varin
- EA7331, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Beatrice Parfait
- Service de Génétique et Biologie Moléculaires, Hôpital Cochin, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France.,EA7331, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Ivan Bieche
- EA7331, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Service de Génétique, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Karen Leroy
- Service de Génétique et Biologie Moléculaires, Hôpital Cochin, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Pierre Laurent-Puig
- INSERM UMR-S1147, Université Sorbonne-Paris-Cité, Paris, France.,Service de Biochimie, Pharmacologie et Biologie Moléculaire, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou (HEGP), AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Benoit Terris
- Service d'Anatomopathologie, Hôpital Cochin, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Helene Blons
- INSERM UMR-S1147, Université Sorbonne-Paris-Cité, Paris, France.,Service de Biochimie, Pharmacologie et Biologie Moléculaire, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou (HEGP), AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Michel Vidaud
- Service de Génétique et Biologie Moléculaires, Hôpital Cochin, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France.,EA7331, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Eric Pasmant
- Service de Génétique et Biologie Moléculaires, Hôpital Cochin, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France.,EA7331, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
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27
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Li Y, Li J, Zhou Q, Liu Y, Chen W, Xu H. mTORC1 signaling is essential for neurofibromatosis type I gene modulated osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:2886-2896. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- YiQiang Li
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, GuangZhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - JingChun Li
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, GuangZhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - QingHe Zhou
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, GuangZhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Yuanzhong Liu
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, GuangZhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - WeiDong Chen
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, GuangZhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - HongWen Xu
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, GuangZhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
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28
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Jutant EM, Girerd B, Jaïs X, Savale L, O'Connell C, Perros F, Sitbon O, Humbert M, Montani D. Pulmonary hypertension associated with neurofibromatosis type 1. Eur Respir Rev 2018; 27:27/149/180053. [PMID: 30158278 PMCID: PMC9488681 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0053-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), also known as von Recklinghausen disease, is a frequent autosomal dominant genetic disorder with a prevalence of 1 in 3000. Pulmonary hypertension (PH) associated with NF1 (PH-NF1) is a rare but severe complication of NF1 and is classified as Group 5 PH, defined as “PH with unclear and/or multifactorial mechanisms”. A literature review in PubMed on the association between NF1 and PH identified 18 articles describing 31 cases. PH-NF1 was characterised by a female predominance, an advanced age at diagnosis, an association with parenchymal lung disease in two out of three cases and poor long-term prognosis. NF1 is generally associated with interstitial lung disease but some cases of severe PH without parenchymal lung disease suggest that there could be a specific pulmonary vascular disease. There is no data available on the efficacy of specific pulmonary arterial hypertension treatment in PH-NF1. Therefore, these patients should be evaluated in expert PH centres and referred for lung transplantation at an early stage. As these patients have an increased risk of malignancy, careful assessment of the post-transplant malignancy risk prior to listing for transplantation is necessary. Clinical trials are needed to evaluate promising treatments targeting the RAS-downstream signalling pathways. Pulmonary hypertension is a rare but severe complication of neurofibromatosis type 1. There are no data about the efficacy of specific PAH treatment in this disease and lung transplantation should be discussed at an early stage.http://ow.ly/JMU030lezfY
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne-Marie Jutant
- Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire Sévère, Dépt Hospitalo-Universitaire (DHU) Thorax Innovation (TORINO), Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Paris, France.,UMR_S 999, Univ. Paris-Sud, INSERM, Laboratoire d'Excellence (LabEx) en Recherche sur le Médicament et l'Innovation Thérapeutique (LERMIT), Hôpital Marie-Lannelongue, Paris, France
| | - Barbara Girerd
- Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire Sévère, Dépt Hospitalo-Universitaire (DHU) Thorax Innovation (TORINO), Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Paris, France.,UMR_S 999, Univ. Paris-Sud, INSERM, Laboratoire d'Excellence (LabEx) en Recherche sur le Médicament et l'Innovation Thérapeutique (LERMIT), Hôpital Marie-Lannelongue, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Jaïs
- Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire Sévère, Dépt Hospitalo-Universitaire (DHU) Thorax Innovation (TORINO), Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Paris, France.,UMR_S 999, Univ. Paris-Sud, INSERM, Laboratoire d'Excellence (LabEx) en Recherche sur le Médicament et l'Innovation Thérapeutique (LERMIT), Hôpital Marie-Lannelongue, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Savale
- Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire Sévère, Dépt Hospitalo-Universitaire (DHU) Thorax Innovation (TORINO), Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Paris, France.,UMR_S 999, Univ. Paris-Sud, INSERM, Laboratoire d'Excellence (LabEx) en Recherche sur le Médicament et l'Innovation Thérapeutique (LERMIT), Hôpital Marie-Lannelongue, Paris, France
| | - Caroline O'Connell
- Service de Chirurgie Thoracique, Vasculaire et Transplantation Pulmonaire, Hôpital Marie-Lannelongue, Paris, France
| | - Frederic Perros
- Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France.,UMR_S 999, Univ. Paris-Sud, INSERM, Laboratoire d'Excellence (LabEx) en Recherche sur le Médicament et l'Innovation Thérapeutique (LERMIT), Hôpital Marie-Lannelongue, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Sitbon
- Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire Sévère, Dépt Hospitalo-Universitaire (DHU) Thorax Innovation (TORINO), Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Paris, France.,UMR_S 999, Univ. Paris-Sud, INSERM, Laboratoire d'Excellence (LabEx) en Recherche sur le Médicament et l'Innovation Thérapeutique (LERMIT), Hôpital Marie-Lannelongue, Paris, France
| | - Marc Humbert
- Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire Sévère, Dépt Hospitalo-Universitaire (DHU) Thorax Innovation (TORINO), Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Paris, France.,UMR_S 999, Univ. Paris-Sud, INSERM, Laboratoire d'Excellence (LabEx) en Recherche sur le Médicament et l'Innovation Thérapeutique (LERMIT), Hôpital Marie-Lannelongue, Paris, France
| | - David Montani
- Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire Sévère, Dépt Hospitalo-Universitaire (DHU) Thorax Innovation (TORINO), Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Paris, France.,UMR_S 999, Univ. Paris-Sud, INSERM, Laboratoire d'Excellence (LabEx) en Recherche sur le Médicament et l'Innovation Thérapeutique (LERMIT), Hôpital Marie-Lannelongue, Paris, France
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29
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The main objective of this study was to determine if family history of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) increases risk of developing an MPNST in patients with neurofibromatosis-1 (NF-1). MATERIALS AND METHODS Individuals with NF-1 registered with the Children's Tumor Foundation's Neurofibromatosis Registry were emailed an anonymous 15-minute survey with regard to personal and family history of NF-1, MPNST, ages of onset, and symptomatology. Participation was voluntary and information was self-reported. RESULTS The survey was sent to 4801 registrants, 878 responded. Presence of a family history of MPNST was found to be a risk factor for the development of MPNST; 19.4% of respondents confirming a family history of MPNST developed MPNST compared with 7.5% of respondents with no family history (odds ratio, 2.975; 95% confidence interval, 1.232-7.187; P=0.021). NF-1 patients with a positive family history developed MPNST at a younger age than those with no family history (8.3% vs. 0.5% P=0.003 and 13.9% vs. 2.4% P=0.003, for onset before 10 and 20, respectively). In the MPNST population with a known family history, onset prior to age 10 was significantly more prevalent (42.9% vs. 7% P=0.029). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest a positive family history of MPNST represents a risk factor for the development and early onset of MPNST in individuals with NF-1.
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30
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Fischer-Huchzermeyer S, Chikobava L, Stahn V, Zangarini M, Berry P, Veal GJ, Senner V, Mautner VF, Harder A. Testing ATRA and MEK inhibitor PD0325901 effectiveness in a nude mouse model for human MPNST xenografts. BMC Res Notes 2018; 11:520. [PMID: 30055648 PMCID: PMC6064132 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-018-3630-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) are aggressive sarcomas characterized by high recurrence rates and early metastases. These tumors arise more frequently within neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and present with resistance during standard chemotherapy leading to increased mortality and morbidity in those patients. In vitro all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and MEK inhibitors (MEKi) were shown to inhibit tumor proliferation, especially when applied in combination. Therefore, we established a nude mouse model to investigate if treatment of xenografts derived from NF1 associated S462 and T265 MPNST cells respond to ATRA and the MEKi PD0325901. Results We demonstrated that human NF1 associated MPNST derived from S462 but not T265 cells form solid subcutaneous tumors in Foxn1 nude mice but not in Balb/c, SHO or Shorn mice. We verified a characteristic staining pattern of human MPNST xenografts by immunohistochemistry. Therapeutic effects of ATRA and/or MEKi PD0325901 on growth of S462 MPNST xenografts in Foxn1 nude mice were not demonstrated in vitro, as we did not observe significant suppression of MPNST growth compared with placebo treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13104-018-3630-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Levan Chikobava
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Verena Stahn
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Monique Zangarini
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Philip Berry
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Gareth J Veal
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Volker Senner
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Victor F Mautner
- Clinics and Polyclinics of Neurology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anja Harder
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany. .,Institute of Pathology, Health Care Center, Brandenburg Hospital, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Brandenburg, Germany.
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31
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominantly inherited tumor predisposition syndrome with an incidence of one in 3000-4000 individuals with no currently effective therapies. The NF1 gene encodes neurofibromin, which functions as a negative regulator of RAS. NF1 is a chronic multisystem disorder affecting many different tissues. Due to cell-specific complexities of RAS signaling, therapeutic approaches for NF1 will likely have to focus on a particular tissue and manifestation of the disease. Areas covered: We discuss the multisystem nature of NF1 and the signaling pathways affected due to neurofibromin deficiency. We explore the cell-/tissue-specific molecular and cellular consequences of aberrant RAS signaling in NF1 and speculate on their potential as therapeutic targets for the disease. We discuss recent genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic studies combined with molecular, cellular, and biochemical analyses which have identified several targets for specific NF1 manifestations. We also consider the possibility of patient-specific gene therapy approaches for NF1. Expert opinion: The emergence of NF1 genotype-phenotype correlations, characterization of cell-specific signaling pathways affected in NF1, identification of novel biomarkers, and the development of sophisticated animal models accurately reflecting human pathology will continue to provide opportunities to develop therapeutic approaches to combat this multisystem disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A Walker
- a Center for Genomic Medicine , Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Meena Upadhyaya
- b Division of Cancer and Genetics , Cardiff University , Cardiff , UK
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32
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Peacock JD, Pridgeon MG, Tovar EA, Essenburg CJ, Bowman M, Madaj Z, Koeman J, Boguslawski EA, Grit J, Dodd RD, Khachaturov V, Cardona DM, Chen M, Kirsch DG, Maina F, Dono R, Winn ME, Graveel CR, Steensma MR. Genomic Status of MET Potentiates Sensitivity to MET and MEK Inhibition in NF1-Related Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors. Cancer Res 2018; 78:3672-3687. [PMID: 29720369 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-3167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) are highly resistant sarcomas that occur in up to 13% of individuals with neurofibromatosis type I (NF1). Genomic analysis of longitudinally collected tumor samples in a case of MPNST disease progression revealed early hemizygous microdeletions in NF1 and TP53, with progressive amplifications of MET, HGF, and EGFR To examine the role of MET in MPNST progression, we developed mice with enhanced MET expression and Nf1 ablation (Nf1fl/ko;lox-stop-loxMETtg/+;Plp-creERTtg/+ ; referred to as NF1-MET). NF1-MET mice express a robust MPNST phenotype in the absence of additional mutations. A comparison of NF1-MET MPNSTs with MPNSTs derived from Nf1ko/+;p53R172H;Plp-creERTtg/+ (NF1-P53) and Nf1ko/+;Plp-creERTtg/+ (NF1) mice revealed unique Met, Ras, and PI3K signaling patterns. NF1-MET MPNSTs were uniformly sensitive to the highly selective MET inhibitor, capmatinib, whereas a heterogeneous response to MET inhibition was observed in NF1-P53 and NF1 MPNSTs. Combination therapy of capmatinib and the MEK inhibitor trametinib resulted in reduced response variability, enhanced suppression of tumor growth, and suppressed RAS/ERK and PI3K/AKT signaling. These results highlight the influence of concurrent genomic alterations on RAS effector signaling and therapy response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Moreover, these findings expand our current understanding of the role of MET signaling in MPNST progression and identify a potential therapeutic niche for NF1-related MPNSTs.Significance: Longitudinal genomic analysis reveals a positive selection for MET and HGF copy number gain early in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor progression. Cancer Res; 78(13); 3672-87. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline D Peacock
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan.,College of Health Professions, Ferris State University, Big Rapids, Michigan
| | - Matthew G Pridgeon
- Spectrum Health System, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Elizabeth A Tovar
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Curt J Essenburg
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Megan Bowman
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Zachary Madaj
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Julie Koeman
- Genomics Core, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Elissa A Boguslawski
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Jamie Grit
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Rebecca D Dodd
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Vadim Khachaturov
- Spectrum Health System, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Diana M Cardona
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Mark Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - David G Kirsch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Flavio Maina
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, IBDM, Marseille, France
| | - Rosanna Dono
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, IBDM, Marseille, France
| | - Mary E Winn
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Carrie R Graveel
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Matthew R Steensma
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan. .,Spectrum Health System, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, Michigan.,Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, Michigan
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33
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Neurofibromin level directs RAS pathway signaling and mediates sensitivity to targeted agents in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. Oncotarget 2018; 9:22571-22585. [PMID: 29854299 PMCID: PMC5978249 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) is a type of soft-tissue sarcoma strongly associated with dysfunction in neurofibromin; an inhibitor of the RAS pathway. We performed high-throughput screening of an array of FDA approved and promising agents in clinical development both alone and in combination at physiologically achievable concentrations against a panel of established MPNST cell line models. We found that drugs targeting a variety of factors in the RAS pathway can effectively lead to cell death in vitro with considerable drug combination synergy in regimens that target MEK or mTOR. We observed that the degree of relative sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents was associated with the status of neurofibromin in these cell line models. Using a combination of agents that target MEK and mTORC1/2, we effectively silenced RAS/PI3K/MEK/mTOR signaling in vitro. Moreover, we employed RNAi against NF1 to establish that MPNST drug sensitivity is directly proportional to relative level of intracellular neurofibromin. Thus, two-drug combinations that target MEK and mTORC1/2 are most effective in halting the RAS signaling cascade, and the relative success of this and related small molecule interventions in MPNSTs may be predicated upon the molecular status of neurofibromin.
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34
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Anastasaki C, Dahiya S, Gutmann DH. KIR2DL5 mutation and loss underlies sporadic dermal neurofibroma pathogenesis and growth. Oncotarget 2018; 8:47574-47585. [PMID: 28548933 PMCID: PMC5564588 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Dermal neurofibromas (DNFs) are benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors thought to originate from Schwann cell progenitors. These tumors represent one of the hallmarks of the neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) tumor predisposition syndrome, where they can number in the thousands. While NF1-DNFs arise due to mutations in the NF1 gene, the vast majority of DNFs occur sporadically (sp-DNFs), where the genetic etiology is currently unknown. Herein, we employed whole-exome sequencing of sp-DNFs to identify a recurrent mutation in the KIR2DL5 gene, which codes for a protein suppressor of natural killer (NK) cell activity. While the function of KIR2DL5 outside of the immune system is unknown, we identified a KIR2DL5N173D mutation in three of nine sp-DNFs, resulting in loss of KIR2DL5 protein expression. In contrast, two of these subjects had unrelated tumors, which retained KIR2DL5 protein expression. Moreover, loss of KIR2DL5 expression was demonstrated in 15 of 45 independently-identified sp-DNFs. Consistent with its potential role as a negative growth regulator important for neurofibroma maintenance, ectopic KIR2DL5N173D expression in normal human Schwann cells resulted in reduced KIR2DL5 expression and increased cell proliferation. Similarly, KIR2DL5 short hairpin RNA knockdown (KD) decreased KIR2DL5 protein levels and increased cell proliferation, as well as correlated with PDGFRβ and downstream RAS/AKT/mTOR hyperactivation. Importantly, inhibition of PDGFRβ or AKT/mTOR activity in KIR2DL5-KD human Schwann cells reduced proliferation to control levels. Collectively, these findings establish KIR2DL5 as a new Schwann cell growth regulator relevant to sp-DNF pathogenesis, which links sporadic and NF1-associated DNFs through RAS pathway hyperactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina Anastasaki
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Sonika Dahiya
- Department of Pathology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - David H Gutmann
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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35
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Allaway RJ, Wood MD, Downey SL, Bouley SJ, Traphagen NA, Wells JD, Batra J, Melancon SN, Ringelberg C, Seibel W, Ratner N, Sanchez Y. Exploiting mitochondrial and metabolic homeostasis as a vulnerability in NF1 deficient cells. Oncotarget 2018; 9:15860-15875. [PMID: 29662612 PMCID: PMC5882303 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 1 is a disease caused by mutation of neurofibromin 1 (NF1), loss of which results in hyperactive Ras signaling and a concomitant increase in cell proliferation and survival. Patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 frequently develop tumors such as plexiform neurofibromas and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. Mutation of NF1 or loss of the NF1 protein is also observed in glioblastoma, lung adenocarcinoma, and ovarian cancer among other sporadic cancers. A therapy that selectively targets NF1 deficient tumors would substantially advance our ability to treat these malignancies. To address the need for these therapeutics, we developed and conducted a synthetic lethality screen to discover molecules that target yeast lacking the homolog of NF1, IRA2. One of the lead candidates that was observed to be synthetic lethal with ira2Δ yeast is Y100. Here, we describe the mechanisms by which Y100 targets ira2Δ yeast and NF1-deficient tumor cells. Y100 treatment disrupted proteostasis, metabolic homeostasis, and induced the formation of mitochondrial superoxide in NF1-deficient cancer cells. Previous studies also indicate that NF1/Ras-dysregulated tumors may be sensitive to modulators of oxidative and ER stress. We hypothesize that the use of Y100 and molecules with related mechanisms of action represent a feasible therapeutic strategy for targeting NF1 deficient cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J. Allaway
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Matthew D. Wood
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
- Current address: Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Sondra L. Downey
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Stephanie J. Bouley
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Nicole A. Traphagen
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Jason D. Wells
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Jaya Batra
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
- Current address: Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Sir Norman Melancon
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
- Current address: Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Carol Ringelberg
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
- Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
| | - William Seibel
- Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Nancy Ratner
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Yolanda Sanchez
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
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36
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Zhou C, Li J, You H, Lv J, Yang J, Liu B. Cell activity during peripheral nerve defect repair process using a nerve scaffold. Oncotarget 2017; 8:113828-113836. [PMID: 29371949 PMCID: PMC5768366 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve defects, but not artificial nerves, are repaired by endogenous cells. We examined cell activity during the repair process in the presence of autologous nerves and artificial preparations in order to guide future artificial nerve fabrication. PLGA tubes, nerve scaffolds comprising a PLGA tube plus 6,000 fibroin fibers, or autologous nerves were implanted into 10 mm rat sciatic nerve defects (n = 60 per group). Over a period of 1-20 weeks after nerve grafting, sections were stained and imaged to distinguish the cell types present and we quantified the recovery of motor and sensory function in the surgically implanted limb. We observed a decreasing trend in inflammatory cell and fibroblast counts over time which ranked in magnitude as: (PLGA group > nerve scaffold > autologous nerve> sham) and an opposite trend in Schwann cell counts. Differences in withdrawal time from hot water and static sciatic index (SSI) indicated that, after repair, sensory and motor function were best in the sham group, followed by the autologous group, the nerve scaffold group, and the PLGA group. These findings indicate that the inflammatory reaction is significant in the first two weeks after nerve grafting, followed by the rebirth of fibroblasts and Schwann cells, which guide axon regeneration. This inflammatory response was a fundamental stage of peripheral defect repair, but a weaker inflammatory response corresponded to better recovery of sensorimotor functional.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Zhou
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing 400015, China
| | - Jin Li
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing 400015, China.,Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Huajian You
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Jinfeng Lv
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing 400015, China
| | - Jinlong Yang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing 400015, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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37
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Jour G, Andeen NK, al-Rohil R, Aung PP, Mehrotra M, Duose D, Hoch B, Argenyi Z, Luthra R, Wistuba II, Prieto VG. Novel enriched pathways in superficial malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours and spindle/desmoplastic melanomas. J Pathol 2017; 244:97-106. [DOI: 10.1002/path.4996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- George Jour
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; MD Anderson Cancer Center at Cooper, One Cooper Plaza; Camden NJ USA
| | - Nicole K Andeen
- Department of Pathology; University of Washington School of Medicine, 1959 NE Pacific Street; Seattle WA USA
| | - Rami al-Rohil
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology; Vanderbilt University Medical Center; Nashville TN USA
| | - Phyu P Aung
- Department of Pathology; Section of Dermatopathology, the University of Texas - MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston TX USA
| | - Meenakshi Mehrotra
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology; The University of Texas - MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston TX USA
| | - Dzifa Duose
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology; The University of Texas - MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston TX USA
| | - Benjamin Hoch
- Department of Pathology; University of Washington School of Medicine, 1959 NE Pacific Street; Seattle WA USA
| | - Zolt Argenyi
- Department of Pathology; University of Washington School of Medicine, 1959 NE Pacific Street; Seattle WA USA
| | - Rajyalakshmi Luthra
- Department of Hematopathology; The University of Texas - MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston TX USA
| | - Ignacio I Wistuba
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology; The University of Texas - MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston TX USA
| | - Victor G Prieto
- Department of Pathology; Section of Dermatopathology, the University of Texas - MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston TX USA
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology; The University of Texas - MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston TX USA
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38
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Kolberg M, Bruun J, Murumägi A, Mpindi JP, Bergsland CH, Høland M, Eilertsen IA, Danielsen SA, Kallioniemi O, Lothe RA. Drug sensitivity and resistance testing identifies PLK1 inhibitors and gemcitabine as potent drugs for malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. Mol Oncol 2017; 11:1156-1171. [PMID: 28556483 PMCID: PMC5579334 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST), a rare soft tissue cancer associated with loss of the tumor suppressor neurofibromin (NF1), have poor prognosis and typically respond poorly to adjuvant therapy. We evaluated the effect of 299 clinical and investigational compounds on seven MPNST cell lines, two primary cultures of human Schwann cells, and five normal bone marrow aspirates, to identify potent drugs for MPNST treatment with few side effects. Top hits included Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) inhibitors (volasertib and BI2536) and the fluoronucleoside gemcitabine, which were validated in orthogonal assays measuring viability, cytotoxicity, and apoptosis. DNA copy number, gene expression, and protein expression were determined for the cell lines to assess pharmacogenomic relationships. MPNST cells were more sensitive to BI2536 and gemcitabine compared to a reference set of 94 cancer cell lines. PLK1, RRM1, and RRM2 mRNA levels were increased in MPNST compared to benign neurofibroma tissue, and the protein level of PLK1 was increased in the MPNST cell lines compared to normal Schwann cells, indicating an increased dependence on these drug targets in malignant cells. Furthermore, we observed an association between increased mRNA expression of PLK1, RRM1, and RRM2 in patient samples and worse disease outcome, suggesting a selective benefit from inhibition of these genes in the most aggressive tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Kolberg
- Department of Molecular OncologyInstitute for Cancer Researchthe Norwegian Radium HospitalOslo University HospitalNorway
- Centre for Cancer BiomedicineUniversity of OsloNorway
| | - Jarle Bruun
- Department of Molecular OncologyInstitute for Cancer Researchthe Norwegian Radium HospitalOslo University HospitalNorway
- Centre for Cancer BiomedicineUniversity of OsloNorway
| | - Astrid Murumägi
- Institute for Molecular Medicine FinlandFIMMUniversity of HelsinkiFinland
| | - John P. Mpindi
- Institute for Molecular Medicine FinlandFIMMUniversity of HelsinkiFinland
| | - Christian H. Bergsland
- Department of Molecular OncologyInstitute for Cancer Researchthe Norwegian Radium HospitalOslo University HospitalNorway
- Centre for Cancer BiomedicineUniversity of OsloNorway
| | - Maren Høland
- Department of Molecular OncologyInstitute for Cancer Researchthe Norwegian Radium HospitalOslo University HospitalNorway
- Centre for Cancer BiomedicineUniversity of OsloNorway
| | - Ina A. Eilertsen
- Department of Molecular OncologyInstitute for Cancer Researchthe Norwegian Radium HospitalOslo University HospitalNorway
- Centre for Cancer BiomedicineUniversity of OsloNorway
| | - Stine A. Danielsen
- Department of Molecular OncologyInstitute for Cancer Researchthe Norwegian Radium HospitalOslo University HospitalNorway
- Centre for Cancer BiomedicineUniversity of OsloNorway
| | - Olli Kallioniemi
- Institute for Molecular Medicine FinlandFIMMUniversity of HelsinkiFinland
- Science for Life LaboratorySolnaSweden
- Department of Oncology and PathologyKarolinska InstitutetSolnaSweden
| | - Ragnhild A. Lothe
- Department of Molecular OncologyInstitute for Cancer Researchthe Norwegian Radium HospitalOslo University HospitalNorway
- Centre for Cancer BiomedicineUniversity of OsloNorway
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39
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Kim A, Pratilas CA. The promise of signal transduction in genetically driven sarcomas of the nerve. Exp Neurol 2017; 299:317-325. [PMID: 28859862 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant tumor predisposition syndrome. Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) are aggressive soft tissue sarcomas arising from peripheral nerve sheaths, and the most commonly lethal feature associated with NF1. The hallmark of NF1 and NF1-related MPNST is the loss of neurofibromin expression. Loss of neurofibromin is considered a tumor-promoting event, and leads to constitutive activation of RAS and its downstream effectors. However, RAS activation alone is not sufficient for MPNST formation, and additional tumor suppressors and signaling pathways have been implicated in tumorigenesis of MPNST. Taking advantage of the rapid development of novel therapeutics targeting key molecular pathways across all cancer types, the best-in-class modulators of these pathways can be assessed in pre-clinical models and translated into clinical trials for patients with MPNST. Here, we describe the genetic changes and molecular pathways that drive MPNST formation and highlight the promise of signal transduction to identify therapies that may treat these tumors more effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- AeRang Kim
- Children's National Medical Center, Washington, D.C., United States
| | - Christine A Pratilas
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, United States.
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40
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Haworth KB, Arnold MA, Pierson CR, Choi K, Yeager ND, Ratner N, Roberts RD, Finlay JL, Cripe TP. Immune profiling of NF1-associated tumors reveals histologic subtype distinctions and heterogeneity: implications for immunotherapy. Oncotarget 2017; 8:82037-82048. [PMID: 29137242 PMCID: PMC5669868 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Successful treatment of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1)-associated tumors poses a significant clinical challenge. While the primary underlying genetic defect driving RAS signaling is well described, recent evidence suggests immune dysfunction contributes to tumor pathogenesis and malignant transformation. As immunologic characterizations, prognostic and predictive of immunotherapeutic clinical response in other cancers, are not fully described for benign and malignant NF1-related tumors, we sought to define their immunologic profiles. We determined the expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A/-B/-C, β-2-microglobulin (B2M), and T cell inhibitory ligands PD-L1 and CTLA-4 by microarray gene analysis and flow cytometry. We examined HLA-A/-B/-C, B2M, and PD-L1 expression on thirty-six NF1-associated tumor samples by immunohistochemistry, and correlated these with tumoral CD4+, CD8+, FOXP3+, CD56+, and CD45RO+ lymphocytic infiltrates. We evaluated several tumors from a single patient, observing trends of increasing immunogenicity over time, even with disease progression. We observed similarly immunogenic profiles for malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) and nodular and plexiform neurofibromas, contrasting with diffuse neurofibromas. These studies suggest that while immunotherapies may offer some benefit for MPNST and nodular and plexiform neurofibromas, tumor heterogeneity might pose a significant clinical challenge to this novel therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kellie B Haworth
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplant, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Michael A Arnold
- Division of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Christopher R Pierson
- Division of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Division of Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Education and Anatomy, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Kwangmin Choi
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Nicholas D Yeager
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplant, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Nancy Ratner
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Ryan D Roberts
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplant, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Jonathan L Finlay
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplant, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Timothy P Cripe
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplant, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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41
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Guo J, Grovola MR, Xie H, Coggins GE, Duggan P, Hasan R, Huang J, Lin DW, Song C, Witek GM, Berritt S, Schultz DC, Field J. Comprehensive pharmacological profiling of neurofibromatosis cell lines. Am J Cancer Res 2017; 7:923-934. [PMID: 28469964 PMCID: PMC5411799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) are predisposed to tumors of the nervous system. NF1 patients predominantly develop neurofibromas, and Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors (MPNST) while NF2 patients develop schwannomas and meningiomas. Here we quantified the drug sensitivities of NF1 and NF2 tumor cell lines in a high throughput platform. The platform contained a comprehensive collection of inhibitors of MEK, RAF, RAS, farnesyl transferase, PAK and ERK, representative drugs against many other cancer pathways including Wnt, Hedgehog, p53, EGF, HDAC, as well as classical cytotoxic agents recommended for treating MPNST, such as doxorubicin and etoposide. We profiled seven NF1-associated MPNST cell lines (ST88-14, ST88-3, 90-8, sNF02.2, T265, S462TY, SNF96.2), one sporadic MPNST cell line (STS26), one schwannoma from a NF2 patient (HEI193), one NF2-deficient malignant meningioma (KT21-MG-Luc5D), one mouse NF2 schwannoma (SC4) and one sporadic rat schwannoma (RT4-67 or RT4). NF1 cells were primarily distinguished from NF2 cells and the sporadic MPNST cell line by their sensitivity to MEK and ERK inhibitors, and to a smaller extent their sensitivity to BH3 mimetics and farnesyl transferase inhibitors. The platform was highly successful in predicting the effects of clinical trials for Neurofibromas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianman Guo
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan 250012, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Michael R Grovola
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hong Xie
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Grace E Coggins
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Patrick Duggan
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Rukhsana Hasan
- High Throughput Screening Core, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jiale Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Merck High Throughput Experimentation Laboratory, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Danny W Lin
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Claire Song
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Gabriela M Witek
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Simon Berritt
- Department of Chemistry, Merck High Throughput Experimentation Laboratory, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - David C Schultz
- High Throughput Screening Core, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jeffrey Field
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia, PA 19104, USA
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42
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Photothermal therapy improves the efficacy of a MEK inhibitor in neurofibromatosis type 1-associated malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37035. [PMID: 27833160 PMCID: PMC5105126 DOI: 10.1038/srep37035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are aggressive tumors with low survival rates and the leading cause of death in neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) patients under 40 years old. Surgical resection is the standard of care for MPNSTs, but is often incomplete and can generate loss of function, necessitating the development of novel treatment methods for this patient population. Here, we describe a novel combination therapy comprising MEK inhibition and nanoparticle-based photothermal therapy (PTT) for MPNSTs. MEK inhibitors block activity driven by Ras, an oncogene constitutively activated in NF1-associated MPNSTs, while PTT serves as a minimally invasive method to ablate cancer cells. Our rationale for combining these seemingly disparate techniques for MPNSTs is based on several reports demonstrating the efficacy of systemic chemotherapy with local PTT. We combine the MEK inhibitor, PD-0325901 (PD901), with Prussian blue nanoparticles (PBNPs) as PTT agents, to block MEK activity and simultaneously ablate MPNSTs. Our data demonstrate the synergistic effect of combining PD901 with PBNP-based PTT, which converge through the Ras pathway to generate apoptosis, necrosis, and decreased proliferation, thereby mitigating tumor growth and increasing survival of MPNST-bearing animals. Our results suggest the potential of this novel local-systemic combination “nanochemotherapy” for treating patients with MPNSTs.
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