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Zhang X, Wen X, Peng R, Pan Q, Weng D, Ma Y, Zhang Y, Yang J, Men L, Wang H, Liang E, Wang C, Yang D, Zhang L, Zhai Y. A first-in-human phase I study of a novel MDM2/p53 inhibitor alrizomadlin in advanced solid tumors. ESMO Open 2024; 9:103636. [PMID: 39002360 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2024.103636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mouse double minute 2 homolog (MDM2) oncogene exerts oncogenic activities in many cancers and represents a potential therapeutic target. This trial evaluated the safety, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and preliminary efficacy of alrizomadlin (APG-115), a novel MDM2/p53 inhibitor, in patients with advanced solid tumors. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with histologically confirmed advanced solid tumors who had progressed to standard treatment or lacked effective therapies were recruited. Alrizomadlin was administered once daily every other day for 21 days of a 28-day cycle until disease progression or intolerable toxicity. RESULTS A total of 21 patients were enrolled and treated with alrizomadlin; 57.1% were male and the median age was 47 (25-60) years. The maximum tolerated dose of alrizomadlin was 150 mg and the recommended phase II dose was 100 mg. One patient in the 200-mg cohort experienced dose-limiting toxicity of thrombocytopenia and febrile neutropenia. The most common grade 3/4 treatment-related adverse events were thrombocytopenia (33.3%), lymphocytopenia (33.3%), neutropenia (23.8%), and anemia (23.8%). Alrizomadlin demonstrated approximately linear pharmacokinetics (dose range 100-200 mg) and was associated with increased plasma macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1, indicative of p53 pathway activation. Of the 20 assessable patients, 2 [10%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2% to 31.7%] patients achieved partial response and 10 (50%, 95% CI 27.2% to 72.8%) showed stable disease. The median progression-free survival was 6.1 (95% CI 1.7-10.4) months, which was significantly longer in patients with wild-type versus mutant TP53 (7.9 versus 2.2 months, respectively; P < 0.001). Among patients with MDM2 amplification and wild-type TP53, the overall response rate was 25% (2/8) and the disease control rate was 100% (8/8). CONCLUSIONS Alrizomadlin had an acceptable safety profile and demonstrated promising antitumor activity in MDM2-amplified and TP53 wild-type tumors. This study supports further exploration of alrizomadlin with recommended doses of 100 mg q.o.d. in 21 days on and 7 days off regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Zhang
- Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology Unit, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou.
| | - X Wen
- Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology Unit, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou
| | - R Peng
- Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology Unit, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou
| | - Q Pan
- Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology Unit, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou
| | - D Weng
- Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology Unit, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou
| | - Y Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou
| | - J Yang
- Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology Unit, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou
| | - L Men
- Ascentage Pharma (Suzhou) Co., Ltd, Suzhou, China
| | - H Wang
- Ascentage Pharma (Suzhou) Co., Ltd, Suzhou, China
| | - E Liang
- Ascentage Pharma Group Inc., Rockville, USA
| | - C Wang
- Ascentage Pharma Group Inc., Rockville, USA
| | - D Yang
- Ascentage Pharma Group Inc., Rockville, USA; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - L Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou.
| | - Y Zhai
- Ascentage Pharma (Suzhou) Co., Ltd, Suzhou, China; Ascentage Pharma Group Inc., Rockville, USA.
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Abed A, Greene MK, Alsa’d AA, Lees A, Hindley A, Longley DB, McDade SS, Scott CJ. Nanoencapsulation of MDM2 Inhibitor RG7388 and Class-I HDAC Inhibitor Entinostat Enhances their Therapeutic Potential Through Synergistic Antitumor Effects and Reduction of Systemic Toxicity. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:1246-1255. [PMID: 38334409 PMCID: PMC10915795 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Inhibitors of the p53-MDM2 interaction such as RG7388 have been developed to exploit latent tumor suppressive properties in p53 in 50% of tumors in which p53 is wild-type. However, these agents for the most part activate cell cycle arrest rather than death, and high doses in patients elicit on-target dose-limiting neutropenia. Recent work from our group indicates that combination of p53-MDM2 inhibitors with the class-I HDAC inhibitor Entinostat (which itself has dose-limiting toxicity issues) has the potential to significantly augment cell death in p53 wild-type colorectal cancer cells. We investigated whether coencapsulation of RG7388 and Entinostat within polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) could overcome efficacy and toxicity limitations of this drug combination. Combinations of RG7388 and Entinostat across a range of different molar ratios resulted in synergistic increases in cell death when delivered in both free drug and nanoencapsulated formats in all colorectal cell lines tested. Importantly, we also explored the in vivo impact of the drug combination on murine blood leukocytes, showing that the leukopenia induced by the free drugs could be significantly mitigated by nanoencapsulation. Taken together, this study demonstrates that formulating these agents within a single nanoparticle delivery platform may provide clinical utility beyond use as nonencapsulated agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anas Abed
- The
Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, School of Medicine,
Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s
University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7AE, United Kingdom
- Pharmacological
and Diagnostic Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19111, Jordan
| | - Michelle K. Greene
- The
Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, School of Medicine,
Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s
University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7AE, United Kingdom
| | - Alhareth A. Alsa’d
- Pharmacological
and Diagnostic Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19111, Jordan
- School
of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Lees
- The
Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, School of Medicine,
Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s
University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7AE, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Hindley
- Clinical
Haematology, Belfast City Hospital, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7AB, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel B Longley
- The
Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, School of Medicine,
Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s
University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7AE, United Kingdom
| | - Simon S McDade
- The
Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, School of Medicine,
Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s
University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7AE, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J. Scott
- The
Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, School of Medicine,
Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s
University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7AE, United Kingdom
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3
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Szewczyk-Roszczenko O, Barlev NA. The Role of p53 in Nanoparticle-Based Therapy for Cancer. Cells 2023; 12:2803. [PMID: 38132123 PMCID: PMC10742014 DOI: 10.3390/cells12242803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
p53 is arguably one of the most important tumor suppressor genes in humans. Due to the paramount importance of p53 in the onset of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, the p53 gene is found either silenced or mutated in the vast majority of cancers. Furthermore, activated wild-type p53 exhibits a strong bystander effect, thereby activating apoptosis in surrounding cells without being physically present there. For these reasons, p53-targeted therapy that is designed to restore the function of wild-type p53 in cancer cells seems to be a very appealing therapeutic approach. Systemic delivery of p53-coding DNA or RNA using nanoparticles proved to be feasible both in vitro and in vivo. In fact, one p53-based therapeutic (gendicine) is currently approved for commercial use in China. However, the broad use of p53-based therapy in p53-inactivated cancers is severely restricted by its inadequate efficacy. This review highlights the current state-of-the-art in this area of biomedical research and also discusses novel approaches that may help overcome the shortcomings of p53-targeting nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Szewczyk-Roszczenko
- Department of Synthesis and Technology of Drugs, Medical University of Bialystok, Kilinskiego 1, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Nikolai A. Barlev
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Kerey and Zhanibek Khans St., Astana 020000, Kazakhstan
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Pogodinskaya St., Moscow 119121, Russia
- Institute of Cytology, 4 Tikhoretsky Ave., Saint-Petersburg 194064, Russia
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4
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Santinelli E, Pascale MR, Xie Z, Badar T, Stahl MF, Bewersdorf JP, Gurnari C, Zeidan AM. Targeting apoptosis dysregulation in myeloid malignancies - The promise of a therapeutic revolution. Blood Rev 2023; 62:101130. [PMID: 37679263 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2023.101130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the therapeutic landscape of myeloid malignancies has been completely revolutionized by the introduction of several new drugs, targeting molecular alterations or pathways crucial for leukemia cells survival. Particularly, many agents targeting apoptosis have been investigated in both pre-clinical and clinical studies. For instance, venetoclax, a pro-apoptotic agent active on BCL-2 signaling, has been successfully used in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The impressive results achieved in this context have made the apoptotic pathway an attractive target also in other myeloid neoplasms, translating the experience of AML. Therefore, several drugs are now under investigation either as single or in combination strategies, due to their synergistic efficacy and capacity to overcome resistance. In this paper, we will review the mechanisms of apoptosis and the specific drugs currently used and under investigation for the treatment of myeloid neoplasia, identifying critical research necessities for the upcoming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Santinelli
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, PhD in Immunology, Molecular Medicine and Applied Biotechnology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Pascale
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, PhD in Immunology, Molecular Medicine and Applied Biotechnology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Zhuoer Xie
- Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Talha Badar
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Maximilian F Stahl
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jan P Bewersdorf
- Department of Medicine, Leukemia Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Carmelo Gurnari
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, PhD in Immunology, Molecular Medicine and Applied Biotechnology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Amer M Zeidan
- Section of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT, USA.
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5
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Rodriguez-Meira A, Norfo R, Wen S, Chédeville AL, Rahman H, O'Sullivan J, Wang G, Louka E, Kretzschmar WW, Paterson A, Brierley C, Martin JE, Demeule C, Bashton M, Sousos N, Moralli D, Subha Meem L, Carrelha J, Wu B, Hamblin A, Guermouche H, Pasquier F, Marzac C, Girodon F, Vainchenker W, Drummond M, Harrison C, Chapman JR, Plo I, Jacobsen SEW, Psaila B, Thongjuea S, Antony-Debré I, Mead AJ. Single-cell multi-omics identifies chronic inflammation as a driver of TP53-mutant leukemic evolution. Nat Genet 2023; 55:1531-1541. [PMID: 37666991 PMCID: PMC10484789 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-023-01480-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the genetic and nongenetic determinants of tumor protein 53 (TP53)-mutation-driven clonal evolution and subsequent transformation is a crucial step toward the design of rational therapeutic strategies. Here we carry out allelic resolution single-cell multi-omic analysis of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) from patients with a myeloproliferative neoplasm who transform to TP53-mutant secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML). All patients showed dominant TP53 'multihit' HSPC clones at transformation, with a leukemia stem cell transcriptional signature strongly predictive of adverse outcomes in independent cohorts, across both TP53-mutant and wild-type (WT) AML. Through analysis of serial samples, antecedent TP53-heterozygous clones and in vivo perturbations, we demonstrate a hitherto unrecognized effect of chronic inflammation, which suppressed TP53 WT HSPCs while enhancing the fitness advantage of TP53-mutant cells and promoted genetic evolution. Our findings will facilitate the development of risk-stratification, early detection and treatment strategies for TP53-mutant leukemia, and are of broad relevance to other cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Rodriguez-Meira
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Medical Research Council Molecular Haematology Unit, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Ruggiero Norfo
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Medical Research Council Molecular Haematology Unit, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine 'Stefano Ferrari', Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Sean Wen
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Medical Research Council Molecular Haematology Unit, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Medical Research Council Centre for Computational Biology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Agathe L Chédeville
- INSERM, UMR 1287, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Haseeb Rahman
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Medical Research Council Molecular Haematology Unit, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jennifer O'Sullivan
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Medical Research Council Molecular Haematology Unit, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Guanlin Wang
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Medical Research Council Molecular Haematology Unit, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Medical Research Council Centre for Computational Biology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Eleni Louka
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Medical Research Council Molecular Haematology Unit, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Warren W Kretzschmar
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Aimee Paterson
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Medical Research Council Molecular Haematology Unit, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Charlotte Brierley
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Medical Research Council Molecular Haematology Unit, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Center for Hematological Malignancies, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Jean-Edouard Martin
- INSERM, UMR 1287, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | | | - Matthew Bashton
- The Hub for Biotechnology in the Built Environment, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Nikolaos Sousos
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Medical Research Council Molecular Haematology Unit, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | - Joana Carrelha
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Medical Research Council Molecular Haematology Unit, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Bishan Wu
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Medical Research Council Molecular Haematology Unit, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Angela Hamblin
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Helene Guermouche
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Service d'hématologie biologique, Paris, France
| | - Florence Pasquier
- INSERM, UMR 1287, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Département d'Hématologie, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Christophe Marzac
- INSERM, UMR 1287, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Laboratoire d'Immuno-Hématologie, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - François Girodon
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, CHU Dijon, Dijon, France
- INSERM, UMR 1231, Centre de Recherche, Dijon, France
| | - William Vainchenker
- INSERM, UMR 1287, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | | | - J Ross Chapman
- Genome Integrity Laboratory, Medical Research Council Molecular Haematology Unit, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Isabelle Plo
- INSERM, UMR 1287, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Sten Eirik W Jacobsen
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Medical Research Council Molecular Haematology Unit, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bethan Psaila
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Medical Research Council Molecular Haematology Unit, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Supat Thongjuea
- Medical Research Council Centre for Computational Biology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Iléana Antony-Debré
- INSERM, UMR 1287, Villejuif, France.
- Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.
- Université Paris Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Adam J Mead
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Medical Research Council Molecular Haematology Unit, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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Schwab N, Taskina D, Leung E, Innes BT, Bader GD, Hazrati LN. Neurons and glial cells acquire a senescent signature after repeated mild traumatic brain injury in a sex-dependent manner. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1027116. [PMID: 36408415 PMCID: PMC9669743 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1027116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is an important public health issue, as it can lead to long-term neurological symptoms and risk of neurodegenerative disease. The pathophysiological mechanisms driving this remain unclear, and currently there are no effective therapies for mTBI. In this study on repeated mTBI (rmTBI), we have induced three mild closed-skull injuries or sham procedures, separated by 24 h, in C57BL/6 mice. We show that rmTBI mice have prolonged righting reflexes and astrogliosis, with neurological impairment in the Morris water maze (MWM) and the light dark test. Cortical and hippocampal tissue analysis revealed DNA damage in the form of double-strand breaks, oxidative damage, and R-loops, markers of cellular senescence including p16 and p21, and signaling mediated by the cGAS-STING pathway. This study identified novel sex differences after rmTBI in mice. Although these markers were all increased by rmTBI in both sexes, females had higher levels of DNA damage, lower levels of the senescence protein p16, and lower levels of cGAS-STING signaling proteins compared to their male counterparts. Single-cell RNA sequencing of the male rmTBI mouse brain revealed activation of the DNA damage response, evidence of cellular senescence, and pro-inflammatory markers reminiscent of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) in neurons and glial cells. Cell-type specific changes were also present with evidence of brain immune activation, neurotransmission alterations in both excitatory and inhibitory neurons, and vascular dysfunction. Treatment of injured mice with the senolytic drug ABT263 significantly reduced markers of senescence only in males, but was not therapeutic in females. The reduction of senescence by ABT263 in male mice was accompanied by significantly improved performance in the MWM. This study provides compelling evidence that senescence contributes to brain dysfunction after rmTBI, but may do so in a sex-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Schwab
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daria Taskina
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Emily Leung
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Brendan T. Innes
- The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gary D. Bader
- The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lili-Naz Hazrati
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
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7
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Brown DW, Beatty PH, Lewis JD. Molecular Targeting of the Most Functionally Complex Gene in Precision Oncology: p53. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5176. [PMID: 36358595 PMCID: PMC9654076 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14215176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
While chemotherapy is a key treatment strategy for many solid tumors, it is rarely curative, and most tumor cells eventually become resistant. Because of this, there is an unmet need to develop systemic treatments that capitalize on the unique mutational landscape of each patient's tumor. The most frequently mutated protein in cancer, p53, has a role in nearly all cancer subtypes and tumorigenesis stages and therefore is one of the most promising molecular targets for cancer treatment. Unfortunately, drugs targeting p53 have seen little clinical success despite promising preclinical data. Most of these drug compounds target specific aspects of p53 inactivation, such as through inhibiting negative regulation by the mouse double minute (MDM) family of proteins. These treatment strategies fail to address cancer cells' adaptation mechanisms and ignore the impact that p53 loss has on the entire p53 network. However, recent gene therapy successes show that targeting the p53 network and cellular dysfunction caused by p53 inactivation is now possible and may soon translate into successful clinical responses. In this review, we discuss p53 signaling complexities in cancer that have hindered the development and use of p53-targeted drugs. We also describe several current therapeutics reporting promising preclinical and clinical results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas W. Brown
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
- Entos Pharmaceuticals, Unit 4550, 10230 Jasper Avenue, Edmonton, AB T5J 4P6, Canada
| | - Perrin H. Beatty
- Entos Pharmaceuticals, Unit 4550, 10230 Jasper Avenue, Edmonton, AB T5J 4P6, Canada
| | - John D. Lewis
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
- Entos Pharmaceuticals, Unit 4550, 10230 Jasper Avenue, Edmonton, AB T5J 4P6, Canada
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8
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Wyles SP, Tchkonia T, Kirkland JL. Targeting Cellular Senescence for Age-Related Diseases: Path to Clinical Translation. Plast Reconstr Surg 2022; 150:20S-26S. [PMID: 36170432 PMCID: PMC9529239 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000009669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
SUMMARY Beyond the palliative reach of today's medicines, medical therapies of tomorrow aim to treat the root cause of age-related diseases by targeting fundamental aging mechanisms. Pillars of aging include, among others, genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, dysregulated nutrient sensing, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion, and altered intercellular communication. The unitary theory of fundamental aging processes posits that by targeting one fundamental aging process, it may be feasible to impact several or all others given its interdependence. Indeed, pathologic accumulation of senescent cells is implicated in chronic diseases and age-associated morbidities, suggesting that senescent cells are a good target for whole-body aging intervention. Preclinical studies using senolytics, agents that selectively eliminate senescent cells, and senomorphics, agents that inhibit production or release of senescence-associated secretory phenotype factors, show promise in several aging and disease preclinical models. Early clinical trials using a senolytic combination (dasatinib and quercetin), and other senolytics including flavonoid, fisetin, and BCL-xL inhibitors, illustrate the potential of senolytics to alleviate age-related dysfunction and diseases including wound healing. Translation into clinical applications requires parallel clinical trials across institutions to validate senotherapeutics as a vanguard for delaying, preventing, or treating age-related disorders and aesthetic aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saranya P. Wyles
- Department of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Tamara Tchkonia
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - James L. Kirkland
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
- Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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9
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Wang B, Gao J, Zhao Z, Zhong X, Cui H, Hou H, Zhang Y, Zheng J, Di J, Liu Y. Identification of a small-molecule RPL11 mimetic that inhibits tumor growth by targeting MDM2-p53 pathway. Mol Med 2022; 28:109. [PMID: 36071402 PMCID: PMC9450376 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00537-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Targeting ribosome biogenesis to activate p53 has recently emerged as a therapeutic strategy in human cancer. Among various ribosomal proteins, RPL11 centralizes the nucleolar stress-sensing pathway by binding MDM2, leading to MDM2 inactivation and p53 activation. Therefore, the identification of MDM2-binding RPL11-mimetics would be valuable for anti-cancer therapeutics. METHODS Based on the crystal structure of the interface between RPL11 and MDM2, we have identified 15 potential allosteric modulators of MDM2 through the virtual screening. RESULTS One of these compounds, named S9, directly binds MDM2 and competitively inhibits the interaction between RPL11 and MDM2, leading to p53 stabilization and activation. Moreover, S9 inhibits cancer cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic study reveals that MDM2 is required for S9-induced G2 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, whereas p53 contributes to S9-induced apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS Putting together, S9 may serve as a lead compound for the development of an anticancer drug that specifically targets RPL11-MDM2-p53 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingwu Wang
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, China
| | - Jian Gao
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, China
| | - Zhongjun Zhao
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xuefei Zhong
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Hao Cui
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Hui Hou
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yanping Zhang
- Department of Radiation and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 450 West Drive, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Junnian Zheng
- Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China. .,Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
| | - Jiehui Di
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China. .,Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China. .,Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
| | - Yong Liu
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China. .,Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China. .,Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China. .,The State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
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10
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Stein EM, DeAngelo DJ, Chromik J, Chatterjee M, Bauer S, Lin CC, Suarez C, de Vos F, Steeghs N, Cassier PA, Tai D, Kiladjian JJ, Yamamoto N, Mous R, Esteve J, Minami H, Ferretti S, Guerreiro N, Meille C, Radhakrishnan R, Pereira B, Mariconti L, Halilovic E, Fabre C, Carpio C. Results from a First-in-Human Phase I Study of Siremadlin (HDM201) in Patients with Advanced Wild-Type TP53 Solid Tumors and Acute Leukemia. Clin Cancer Res 2022; 28:870-881. [PMID: 34862243 PMCID: PMC9377734 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-1295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This phase I, dose-escalation study investigated the recommended dose for expansion (RDE) of siremadlin, a p53-MDM2 inhibitor, in patients with wild-type TP53 advanced solid or hematologic cancers. PATIENTS AND METHODS Initial dosing regimens were: 1A (day 1; 21-day cycle; dose 12.5-350 mg) and 2A (days 1-14; 28-day cycle; dose 1-20 mg). Alternative regimens included 1B (days 1 and 8; 28-day cycle) and 2C (days 1-7; 28-day cycle). The primary endpoint was incidence of dose-limiting toxicities (DLT) during cycle 1. RESULTS Overall, 115 patients with solid tumors and 93 with hematologic malignancies received treatment. DLTs occurred in 8/92 patients with solid tumors and 10/53 patients with hematologic malignancies. In solid tumors, an RDE of 120 mg was defined in 1B. In hematologic tumors, RDEs were defined in 1A: 250 mg, 1B: 120 mg, and 2C: 45 mg. More patients with hematologic malignancies compared with solid tumors experienced grade 3/4 treatment-related adverse events (71% vs. 45%), most commonly resulting from myelosuppression. These were more frequent and severe in patients with hematologic malignancies; 22 patients exhibited tumor lysis syndrome. Overall response rates at the RDEs were 10.3% [95% confidence interval (CI), 2.2-27.4] in solid tumors and 4.2% (95% CI, 0.1-21.1), 20% (95% CI, 4.3-48.1), and 22.2% (95% CI, 8.6-42.3) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in 1B, 1A, and 2C, respectively. CONCLUSIONS A common safety profile was identified and preliminary activity was noted, particularly in AML. Comprehensive investigation of dosing regimens yielded recommended doses/regimens for future combination studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eytan M. Stein
- Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Corresponding Author: Eytan M. Stein, Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, David H. Koch Center for Cancer Care, 530 East 74th Street, New York, NY 10021. Phone: 646-608-3749; Fax: 212-772-8550; E-mail:
| | - Daniel J. DeAngelo
- Division of Leukemia, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jörg Chromik
- Department of Medical Oncology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Manik Chatterjee
- University Hospital of Würzburg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, Translational Oncology, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Bauer
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,German Consortium of Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Essen, Germany
| | - Chia-Chi Lin
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cristina Suarez
- Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Filip de Vos
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Neeltje Steeghs
- Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - David Tai
- National Cancer Center Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | - Rogier Mous
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Hironobu Minami
- Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine and Hospital, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Bernard Pereira
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Luisa Mariconti
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ensar Halilovic
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Claire Fabre
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cecilia Carpio
- Department of Hematology, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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11
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Su CH, Liao WJ, Ke WC, Yang RB, Tarn WY. The Y14-p53 regulatory circuit in megakaryocyte differentiation and thrombocytopenia. iScience 2021; 24:103368. [PMID: 34816104 PMCID: PMC8593568 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Thrombocytopenia-absent radius (TAR) syndrome is caused by RBM8A insufficiency. We generated megakaryocyte-specific Rbm8a knockout (Rbm8aKOMK) mice that exhibited marked thrombocytopenia, internal hemorrhage, and splenomegaly, providing evidence that genetic deficiency of Rbm8a causes a disorder of platelet production. Rbm8aKOMK mice accumulated low-ploidy immature megakaryocytes in the bone marrow and exhibited defective platelet activation and aggregation. Accordingly, depletion of Y14 (RBM8A) in human erythroleukemia (HEL) cells compromised phorbol-ester-induced polyploidization. Notably, Y14/RBM8A deficiency induced both p53 and p21 in megakaryocytes and HEL cells. Treatment with a p53 inhibitor restored ex vivo differentiation of Rbm8aKOMK megakaryocytes and unexpectedly activated Y14 expression in HEL cells. Trp53 knockout partially restored megakaryocyte differentiation by reversing cell-cycle arrest and increased platelet counts of Rbm8aKOMK, indicating that excess p53 in part accounts for thrombocytopenia in TAR syndrome. This study provides evidence for the role of the Y14-p53 circuit in platelet production and a potential therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hao Su
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nangang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ju Liao
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nangang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chi Ke
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nangang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Ruey-Bing Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nangang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Woan-Yuh Tarn
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nangang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Corresponding author
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12
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Saleh MN, Patel MR, Bauer TM, Goel S, Falchook GS, Shapiro GI, Chung KY, Infante JR, Conry RM, Rabinowits G, Hong DS, Wang JS, Steidl U, Walensky LD, Naik G, Guerlavais V, Vukovic V, Annis DA, Aivado M, Meric-Bernstam F. Phase 1 Trial of ALRN-6924, a Dual Inhibitor of MDMX and MDM2, in Patients with Solid Tumors and Lymphomas Bearing Wild-type TP53. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:5236-5247. [PMID: 34301750 PMCID: PMC9401461 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-0715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We describe the first-in-human dose-escalation trial for ALRN-6924, a stabilized, cell-permeating peptide that disrupts p53 inhibition by mouse double minute 2 (MDM2) and MDMX to induce cell-cycle arrest or apoptosis in TP53-wild-type (WT) tumors. PATIENTS AND METHODS Two schedules were evaluated for safety, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and antitumor effects in patients with solid tumors or lymphomas. In arm A, patients received ALRN-6924 by intravenous infusion once-weekly for 3 weeks every 28 days; arm B was twice-weekly for 2 weeks every 21 days. RESULTS Seventy-one patients were enrolled: 41 in arm A (0.16-4.4 mg/kg) and 30 in arm B (0.32-2.7 mg/kg). ALRN-6924 showed dose-dependent pharmacokinetics and increased serum levels of MIC-1, a biomarker of p53 activation. The most frequent treatment-related adverse events were gastrointestinal side effects, fatigue, anemia, and headache. In arm A, at 4.4 mg/kg, dose-limiting toxicities (DLT) were grade 3 (G3) hypotension, G3 alkaline phosphatase elevation, G3 anemia, and G4 neutropenia in one patient each. At the MTD in arm A of 3.1 mg/kg, G3 fatigue was observed in one patient. No DLTs were observed in arm B. No G3/G4 thrombocytopenia was observed in any patient. Seven patients had infusion-related reactions; 3 discontinued treatment. In 41 efficacy-evaluable patients with TP53-WT disease across both schedules the disease control rate was 59%. Two patients had confirmed complete responses, 2 had confirmed partial responses, and 20 had stable disease. Six patients were treated for >1 year. The recommended phase 2 dose was schedule A, 3.1 mg/kg. CONCLUSIONS ALRN-6924 was well tolerated and demonstrated antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansoor N. Saleh
- O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.,Corresponding Authors: Funda Meric-Bernstam, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030. Phone: 713-794-1226; E-mail: ; and Mansoor N. Saleh, Aga Khan University Nairobi, 3rd Parklands/Limuru Rd., Nairobi, Kenya. Phone: 254-709-93-1500; E-mail:
| | - Manish R. Patel
- Florida Cancer Specialists/Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Sarasota, Florida
| | - Todd M. Bauer
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute and Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Sanjay Goel
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine—Montefiore Medical Center, The Bronx, New York
| | | | | | - Ki Y. Chung
- Prisma Health Cancer Institute, Greenville, South Carolina
| | - Jeffrey R. Infante
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute and Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, Tennessee
| | | | | | - David S. Hong
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Judy S. Wang
- Florida Cancer Specialists/Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Sarasota, Florida
| | - Ulrich Steidl
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine—Montefiore Medical Center, The Bronx, New York
| | | | - Gurudatta Naik
- O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | | | | | | | - Manuel Aivado
- Aileron Therapeutics, Inc., Watertown, Massachusetts
| | - Funda Meric-Bernstam
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Corresponding Authors: Funda Meric-Bernstam, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030. Phone: 713-794-1226; E-mail: ; and Mansoor N. Saleh, Aga Khan University Nairobi, 3rd Parklands/Limuru Rd., Nairobi, Kenya. Phone: 254-709-93-1500; E-mail:
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13
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Cellular Senescence in Lung Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22137012. [PMID: 34209809 PMCID: PMC8267738 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrosing interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) are chronic and ultimately fatal age-related lung diseases characterized by the progressive and irreversible accumulation of scar tissue in the lung parenchyma. Over the past years, significant progress has been made in our incomplete understanding of the pathobiology underlying fibrosing ILDs, in particular in relation to diverse age-related processes and cell perturbations that seem to lead to maladaptation to stress and susceptibility to lung fibrosis. Growing evidence suggests that a specific biological phenomenon known as cellular senescence plays an important role in the initiation and progression of pulmonary fibrosis. Cellular senescence is defined as a cell fate decision caused by the accumulation of unrepairable cellular damage and is characterized by an abundant pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic secretome. The senescence response has been widely recognized as a beneficial physiological mechanism during development and in tumour suppression. However, recent evidence strengthens the idea that it also drives degenerative processes such as lung fibrosis, most likely by promoting molecular and cellular changes in chronic fibrosing processes. Here, we review how cellular senescence may contribute to lung fibrosis pathobiology, and we highlight current and emerging therapeutic approaches to treat fibrosing ILDs by targeting cellular senescence.
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14
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Wang L, Li H, Shen X, Zeng J, Yue L, Lin J, Yang J, Zou W, Li Y, Qin D, Wu A, Wu J. Elucidation of the molecular mechanism of Sanguisorba Officinalis L. against leukopenia based on network pharmacology. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 132:110934. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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15
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Kirkland JL, Tchkonia T. Senolytic drugs: from discovery to translation. J Intern Med 2020; 288:518-536. [PMID: 32686219 PMCID: PMC7405395 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 507] [Impact Index Per Article: 126.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Senolytics are a class of drugs that selectively clear senescent cells (SC). The first senolytic drugs Dasatinib, Quercetin, Fisetin and Navitoclax were discovered using a hypothesis-driven approach. SC accumulate with ageing and at causal sites of multiple chronic disorders, including diseases accounting for the bulk of morbidity, mortality and health expenditures. The most deleterious SC are resistant to apoptosis and have up-regulation of anti-apoptotic pathways which defend SC against their own inflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), allowing them to survive, despite killing neighbouring cells. Senolytics transiently disable these SCAPs, causing apoptosis of those SC with a tissue-destructive SASP. Because SC take weeks to reaccumulate, senolytics can be administered intermittently - a 'hit-and-run' approach. In preclinical models, senolytics delay, prevent or alleviate frailty, cancers and cardiovascular, neuropsychiatric, liver, kidney, musculoskeletal, lung, eye, haematological, metabolic and skin disorders as well as complications of organ transplantation, radiation and cancer treatment. As anticipated for agents targeting the fundamental ageing mechanisms that are 'root cause' contributors to multiple disorders, potential uses of senolytics are protean, potentially alleviating over 40 conditions in preclinical studies, opening a new route for treating age-related dysfunction and diseases. Early pilot trials of senolytics suggest they decrease senescent cells, reduce inflammation and alleviate frailty in humans. Clinical trials for diabetes, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, Alzheimer's disease, COVID-19, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, eye diseases and bone marrow transplant and childhood cancer survivors are underway or beginning. Until such studies are done, it is too early for senolytics to be used outside of clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Kirkland
- From the, Mayo Clinic Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - T Tchkonia
- From the, Mayo Clinic Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Rochester, MN, USA
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16
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Zanjirband M, Rahgozar S. Targeting p53-MDM2 Interaction Using Small Molecule Inhibitors and the Challenges Needed to be Addressed. Curr Drug Targets 2020; 20:1091-1111. [PMID: 30947669 DOI: 10.2174/1389450120666190402120701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
MDM2 protein is the core negative regulator of p53 that maintains the cellular levels of p53 at a low level in normal cells. Mutation of the TP53 gene accounts for 50% of all human cancers. In the remaining malignancies with wild-type TP53, p53 function is inhibited through other mechanisms. Recently, synthetic small molecule inhibitors have been developed which target a small hydrophobic pocket on MDM2 to which p53 normally binds. Given that MDM2-p53 antagonists have been undergoing clinical trials for different types of cancer, this review illustrates different aspects of these new cancer targeted therapeutic agents with the focus on the major advances in the field. It emphasizes on the p53 function, regulation of p53, targeting of the p53-MDM2 interaction for cancer therapy, and p53-dependent and -independent effects of inhibition of p53-MDM2 interaction. Then, representatives of small molecule MDM2-p53 binding antagonists are introduced with a focus on those entered into clinical trials. Furthermore, the review discusses the gene signatures in order to predict sensitivity to MDM2 antagonists, potential side effects and the reasons for the observed hematotoxicity, mechanisms of resistance to these drugs, their evaluation as monotherapy or in combination with conventional chemotherapy or with other targeted therapeutic agents. Finally, it highlights the certainly intriguing questions and challenges which would be addressed in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Zanjirband
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Isfahan, Azadi Square, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Soheila Rahgozar
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Isfahan, Azadi Square, Isfahan, Iran
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17
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Konopleva M, Martinelli G, Daver N, Papayannidis C, Wei A, Higgins B, Ott M, Mascarenhas J, Andreeff M. MDM2 inhibition: an important step forward in cancer therapy. Leukemia 2020; 34:2858-2874. [PMID: 32651541 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-020-0949-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Targeting the interaction between tumor suppressor p53 and the E3 ligase MDM2 represents an attractive treatment approach for cancers with wild-type or functional TP53. Indeed, several small molecules have been developed and evaluated in various malignancies. We provide an overview of MDM2 inhibitors under preclinical and clinical investigation, with a focus on molecules with ongoing clinical trials, as indicated by ClinicalTrials.gov . Because preclinical and clinical exploration of combination strategies is underway, data supporting these combinations are also described. We identified the following molecules for inclusion in this review: RG7112 (RO5045337), idasanutlin (RG7388), AMG-232 (KRT-232), APG-115, BI-907828, CGM097, siremadlin (HDM201), and milademetan (DS-3032b). Information about each MDM2 inhibitor was collected from major congress records and PubMed using the following search terms: each molecule name, "MDM2"and "HDM2." Only congress records were limited by date (January 1, 2012-March 6, 2020). Special attention was given to available data in hematologic malignancies; however, available safety data in any indication are reported. Overall, targeting MDM2 is a promising treatment strategy, as evidenced by the increasing number of MDM2 inhibitors entering the clinic. Additional clinical investigation is needed to further elucidate the role of MDM2 inhibitors in the treatment of human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Konopleva
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Giovanni Martinelli
- Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, IRST IRCCS, Meldola, FC, Italy
| | - Naval Daver
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cristina Papayannidis
- Institute of Hematology "L. and A". Seràgnoli, University Hospital S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrew Wei
- The Alfred Hospital, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Marion Ott
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Basel, Switzerland
| | - John Mascarenhas
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael Andreeff
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT Over the last several years, the systemic treatment landscape for dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS) has notably expanded. Historically, systemic therapy options have been limited to cytotoxic chemotherapy agents, including doxorubicin, ifosfamide, gemcitabine, and docetaxel, that were shown to have efficacy in unselected populations of patients with soft tissue sarcomas. More recently, however, there have been phase II and III trials establishing clinical benefit of the cytotoxic agents trabectedin and eribulin along with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor pazopanib in patients with advanced liposarcoma and DDLPS. Additionally, there are several investigational targeted therapies that have incorporated advances in the understanding of DDLPS disease biology, exploiting the fact that nearly all such tumors include highly amplified expression of MDM2 and CDK4. Recent clinical trials have supported the benefit of the CDK4 inhibitor abemaciclib and the nuclear export inhibitor selinexor and support continued development of anti-MDM2 therapies, with particular attention to the bone marrow toxicity and resultant thrombocytopenia that has thus far limited their use. In contrast, the checkpoint inhibitors pembrolizumab and nivolumab remain of questionable benefit, although these immunotherapy drugs may have a role when combined with other therapeutic agents. Ongoing phase III trials will clarify the role of these novel agents. Future directions include directly comparing current standard-of-care options and newer therapies, developing synergistic combinations of novel agents, and evaluating their role in patients with localized DDLPS.
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Rusiecki R, Witkowski J, Jaszczewska-Adamczak J. MDM2-p53 Interaction Inhibitors: The Current State-of-Art and Updated Patent Review (2010-Present). Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2020; 14:324-369. [DOI: 10.2174/1574892814666191022163540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Mouse Double Minute 2 protein (MDM2) is a cellular regulator of p53 tumor
suppressor (p53). Inhibition of the interaction between MDM2 and p53 proteins is a promising anticancer
therapy.
Objective:
This updated patent review is an attempt to compile the research and achievements of the
various researchers working on small molecule MDM2 inhibitors from 2010 to date. We provide an
outlook into the future for therapy based on MDM2 inhibition by presenting an overview of the most
relevant patents which have recently appeared in the literature.
Methods:
Literature and recent patents focusing on the anticancer potential of MDM2-p53 interaction
inhibitors and its applications have been analyzed. We put the main emphasis on the most perspective
compounds which are or were examined in clinical trials.
Results:
Literature data indicated that MDM2 inhibitors are therapeutically effective in specific types
of cancer or non-cancer diseases. A great number of patents and research work around new MDM2-
p53 interaction inhibitors, possible combinations, new indications, clinical regimens in previous years
prove that this targeted therapy is in the scope of interest for many business and academic research
groups.
Conclusion:
Novel MDM2 inhibitors thanks to higher potency and better ADME properties have
shown effectiveness in preclinical and clinical development however the final improvement of therapeutic
potential for MDM2 inhibitors might depend on the useful combination therapy and exploring
new cancer and non-cancer indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafał Rusiecki
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, Warsaw 00-664, Poland
| | - Jakub Witkowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
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Lei XH, Yang YQ, Ma CY, Duan EK. Induction of differentiation of human stem cells ex vivo: Toward large-scale platelet production. World J Stem Cells 2019; 11:666-676. [PMID: 31616542 PMCID: PMC6789181 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v11.i9.666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelet transfusion is one of the most reliable strategies to cure patients suffering from thrombocytopenia or platelet dysfunction. With the increasing demand for transfusion, however, there is an undersupply of donors to provide the platelet source. Thus, scientists have sought to design methods for deriving clinical-scale platelets ex vivo. Although there has been considerable success ex vivo in the generation of transformative platelets produced by human stem cells (SCs), the platelet yields achieved using these strategies have not been adequate for clinical application. In this review, we provide an overview of the developmental process of megakaryocytes and the production of platelets in vivo and ex vivo, recapitulate the key advances in the production of SC-derived platelets using several SC sources, and discuss some strategies that apply three-dimensional bioreactor devices and biochemical factors synergistically to improve the generation of large-scale platelets for use in future biomedical and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hua Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yi-Qing Yang
- Faculty of Laboratory Medical Science, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Chi-Yuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - En-Kui Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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21
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Lei XH, Yang YQ, Ma CY, Duan EK. Induction of differentiation of human stem cellsex vivo: Toward large-scale platelet production. World J Stem Cells 2019. [DOI: dx.doi.org/10.4252/wjsc.v11.i9.666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Abstract
Mammal megakaryocytes (MK) undergo polyploidization during their differentiation. This process leads to a marked increase in the MK size and of their cytoplasm. Contrary to division by classical mitosis, ploidization allows an economical manner to produce platelets as they arise from the fragmentation of the MK cytoplasm. The platelet production in vivo correlates to the entire MK cytoplasm mass that depends both upon the number of MKs and their size. Polyploidization occurs by several rounds of DNA replication with at the end of each round an aborted mitosis at late phase of cytokinesis. As there is also a defect in karyokinesis, MKs are giant cells with a single polylobulated nucleus with a 2xN ploidy. However, polyploidization per se does not increase platelet production because it requires a parallel development of MK organelles such as mitochondria, granules and the demarcation membrane system. MK polyploidization is regulated by extrinsic factors, more particularly by thrombopoietin (TPO), which during a platelet stress increases first polyploidization before enhancing the MK number and by transcription factors such as RUNX1, GATA1, and FLI1 that regulate MK differentiation explaining why polyploidization and cytoplasmic maturation are intermingled. MK polyploidization is ontogenically regulated and is markedly altered in malignant myeloid disorders such as acute megakaryoblastic leukemia and myeloproliferative disorders as well as in hereditary thrombocytopenia, more particularly those involving transcription factors or signaling pathways. In addition, MKs arising from progenitors in vitro have a much lower ploidy in vitro than in vivo leading to a low yield of platelet production in vitro. Thus, it is tempting to find approaches to increase MK polyploidization in vitro. However, these approaches require molecules that are able to simultaneously increase MK polyploidization and to induce terminal differentiation. Here, we will focus on the regulation by extrinsic and intrinsic factors of MK polyploidization during development and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Vainchenker
- UMR 1170, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer , Villejuif, France
| | - Hana Raslova
- UMR 1170, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer , Villejuif, France
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23
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Hickson LJ, Langhi Prata LGP, Bobart SA, Evans TK, Giorgadze N, Hashmi SK, Herrmann SM, Jensen MD, Jia Q, Jordan KL, Kellogg TA, Khosla S, Koerber DM, Lagnado AB, Lawson DK, LeBrasseur NK, Lerman LO, McDonald KM, McKenzie TJ, Passos JF, Pignolo RJ, Pirtskhalava T, Saadiq IM, Schaefer KK, Textor SC, Victorelli SG, Volkman TL, Xue A, Wentworth MA, Wissler Gerdes EO, Zhu Y, Tchkonia T, Kirkland JL. Senolytics decrease senescent cells in humans: Preliminary report from a clinical trial of Dasatinib plus Quercetin in individuals with diabetic kidney disease. EBioMedicine 2019; 47:446-456. [PMID: 31542391 PMCID: PMC6796530 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.08.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 687] [Impact Index Per Article: 137.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Senescent cells, which can release factors that cause inflammation and dysfunction, the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), accumulate with ageing and at etiological sites in multiple chronic diseases. Senolytics, including the combination of Dasatinib and Quercetin (D + Q), selectively eliminate senescent cells by transiently disabling pro-survival networks that defend them against their own apoptotic environment. In the first clinical trial of senolytics, D + Q improved physical function in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a fatal senescence-associated disease, but to date, no peer-reviewed study has directly demonstrated that senolytics decrease senescent cells in humans. Methods In an open label Phase 1 pilot study, we administered 3 days of oral D 100 mg and Q 1000 mg to subjects with diabetic kidney disease (N = 9; 68·7 ± 3·1 years old; 2 female; BMI:33·9 ± 2·3 kg/m2; eGFR:27·0 ± 2·1 mL/min/1·73m2). Adipose tissue, skin biopsies, and blood were collected before and 11 days after completing senolytic treatment. Senescent cell and macrophage/Langerhans cell markers and circulating SASP factors were assayed. Findings D + Q reduced adipose tissue senescent cell burden within 11 days, with decreases in p16INK4A-and p21CIP1-expressing cells, cells with senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity, and adipocyte progenitors with limited replicative potential. Adipose tissue macrophages, which are attracted, anchored, and activated by senescent cells, and crown-like structures were decreased. Skin epidermal p16INK4A+ and p21CIP1+ cells were reduced, as were circulating SASP factors, including IL-1α, IL-6, and MMPs-9 and −12. Interpretation “Hit-and-run” treatment with senolytics, which in the case of D + Q have elimination half-lives <11 h, significantly decreases senescent cell burden in humans. Fund NIH and Foundations. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02848131. Senescence, Frailty, and Mesenchymal Stem Cell Functionality in Chronic Kidney Disease: Effect of Senolytic Agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- LaTonya J Hickson
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America; Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Larissa G P Langhi Prata
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Shane A Bobart
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Tamara K Evans
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America; Department of Medicine Clinical Trials Unit, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Nino Giorgadze
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Shahrukh K Hashmi
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America; Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Sandra M Herrmann
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Michael D Jensen
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Qingyi Jia
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Kyra L Jordan
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Todd A Kellogg
- Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Sundeep Khosla
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America; Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Daniel M Koerber
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Anthony B Lagnado
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Donna K Lawson
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Nathan K LeBrasseur
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America; Department of Physiology, Mayo Clinic, United States of America; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Lilach O Lerman
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Kathleen M McDonald
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America; Office of Research Regulatory Support, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | | | - João F Passos
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Robert J Pignolo
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America; Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America; Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America; Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America; Department of Physiology, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Tamar Pirtskhalava
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Ishran M Saadiq
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Kalli K Schaefer
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Stephen C Textor
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Stella G Victorelli
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Tammie L Volkman
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America; Department of Medicine Clinical Trials Unit, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Ailing Xue
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Mark A Wentworth
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America; Office of Research Regulatory Support, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Erin O Wissler Gerdes
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America; Department of Medicine Clinical Trials Unit, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Yi Zhu
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Tamara Tchkonia
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America.
| | - James L Kirkland
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America; Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America; Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America; Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America.
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Anti-tumor activity of the MDM2-TP53 inhibitor BI-907828 in dedifferentiated liposarcoma patient-derived xenograft models harboring MDM2 amplification. Clin Transl Oncol 2019; 22:546-554. [PMID: 31201607 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-019-02158-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS) is a soft tissue malignancy characterized by amplification of the mouse double minute 2 homolog (MDM2) gene. MDM2 is a negative regulator of tumor protein 53 (TP53). We tested the in vivo efficacy of BI-907828, a small molecule inhibitor of the MDM2-TP53 interaction, in two DDLPS patient-derived xenografts (PDX). METHODS Partially immunodeficient mice were bilaterally engrafted with UZLX-STS3 (n = 24) and UZLX-STS5 (n = 24) human DDLPS tissue harboring MDM2 amplifications. Mice were grouped as follows: (a) vehicle (0.5% hydroxyethylcellullose) 10 ml/kg daily per os (p.o.); (b) doxorubicin 5 mg/kg weekly intraperitoneally (i.p.); (c) BI-907828 2.5 mg/kg daily p.o. and (d) BI-907828 10 mg/kg daily p.o. The treatment lasted for 15 days, all mice treated with BI-907828 were followed for 37 days post-treatment. Efficacy was assessed by tumor volume and histopathological evaluation. RESULTS The 15-day treatment with 2.5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg BI-907828 significantly inhibited tumor growth in UZLX-STS5 and -STS3 (p < 0.0001 compared to control for both models). All UZLX-STS5 and -STS3 tumors treated with BI-907828 decreased in size during treatment, and BI-907828-treated UZLX-STS5 tumors even disappeared completely. During the follow-up period, no tumor regrowth was observed in the UZLX-STS5 model and both doses of BI-907828 led to a pathological complete response, whereas a dose-dependent regrowth was seen in the UZLX-STS3 model. CONCLUSION BI-907828 showed significant anti-tumor activity in DDLPS PDX harboring MDM2 amplifications, providing a strong rationale for early clinical testing of BI-907828 in a DDLPS patient population.
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25
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Khurana A, Shafer DA. MDM2 antagonists as a novel treatment option for acute myeloid leukemia: perspectives on the therapeutic potential of idasanutlin (RG7388). Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:2903-2910. [PMID: 31289443 PMCID: PMC6563714 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s172315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a clonal heterogenous malignancy of the myeloid cells with a poor prognosis lending itself to novel treatment strategies. TP53 is a critical tumor suppressor and plays an essential role in leukemogenesis. Although TP53 is relatively unusual in de novo AML, inactivation of wild-type p53 (WT-p53) is a common event. Murine double minute 2 (MDM2) is a key negative regulator of p53 and its expression; inhibition of MDM2 is postulated to reactivate WT-p53 and its tumor suppressor functions. Nutlins were the first small molecule inhibitors that bind to MDM2 and target its interaction with p53. RG7388 (idasanutlin), a second-generation nutlin, was developed to improve upon the potency and toxicity profile of earlier nutlins. Preliminary data from early phase trials and ongoing studies suggest clinical response with RG7388 (idasanutlin) both in monotherapy and combination strategies in AML. We herein briefly discuss currently approved therapies in AML and review the clinical data for RG7388 (idasanutlin) and MDM2 inhibition as novel treatment strategies in AML. We further describe efficacy and toxicity profile data from completed and ongoing trials of RG7388 (idasanutlin) and other MDM2-p53 inhibitors in development. Many targeted therapies have been approved recently in AML, with a focus on the older and unfit population for intensive induction therapy and in relapsed/refractory disease. The "nutlins", including RG7388 (idasanutlin), merit continued investigation in such settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arushi Khurana
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology & Palliative Care, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA,
| | - Danielle A Shafer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology & Palliative Care, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA,
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26
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de Weger VA, de Jonge M, Langenberg MHG, Schellens JHM, Lolkema M, Varga A, Demers B, Thomas K, Hsu K, Tuffal G, Goodstal S, Macé S, Deutsch E. A phase I study of the HDM2 antagonist SAR405838 combined with the MEK inhibitor pimasertib in patients with advanced solid tumours. Br J Cancer 2019; 120:286-293. [PMID: 30585255 PMCID: PMC6354023 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-018-0355-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This phase I, open-label, dose-escalation study evaluated the safety, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of combination therapy with the HDM2 inhibitor SAR405838 and the MEK1/2 inhibitor pimasertib administered orally once daily (QD) or twice daily (BID) in locally advanced or metastatic solid tumours (NCT01985191). METHODS Patients with locally advanced or metastatic solid tumours with documented wild-type TP53 and RAS or RAF mutations were enroled. A 3 + 3 dose-escalation design was employed. The primary objective was to assess maximum tolerated dose (MTD). RESULTS Twenty-six patients were treated with SAR405838 200 or 300 mg QD plus pimasertib 60 mg QD or 45 mg BID. The MTD was SAR405838 200 mg QD plus pimasertib 45 mg BID. The most common dose-limiting toxicity was thrombocytopenia. The most frequently occurring treatment-related adverse events were diarrhoea (81%), increased blood creatine phosphokinase (77%), nausea (62%) and vomiting (62%). No significant drug-drug interactions were observed. The biomarkers MIC-1 and pERK were, respectively, upregulated and downregulated in response to study treatment. In 24 efficacy-evaluable patients, one patient (4%) had a partial response and 63% had stable disease. CONCLUSIONS The safety profile of SAR405838 and pimasertib combined was consistent with the safety profiles of both drugs. Preliminary antitumour activity was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent A de Weger
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Maja de Jonge
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC/Daniel den Hoed Cancer Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jan H M Schellens
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn Lolkema
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC/Daniel den Hoed Cancer Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- UMC Utrecht Cancer Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea Varga
- Gustave Roussy, INSERM 1030, F-94805, Villejuif, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Eric Deutsch
- Gustave Roussy, INSERM 1030, F-94805, Villejuif, France
- University Paris-Sud, University Paris-Saclay, F-94270, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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27
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Yang J, Ma J, Xiong Y, Wang Y, Jin K, Xia W, Chen Q, Huang J, Zhang J, Jiang N, Jiang S, Ma D. Epigenetic regulation of megakaryocytic and erythroid differentiation by PHF2 histone demethylase. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:6841-6852. [PMID: 29336484 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Plant homeodomain finger 2 (PHF2) is a JmjC family histone demethylase that demethylates H3K9me2, a repressive gene marker. PHF2 was found to play a role in the differentiation of several tissue types such as osteoblast and adipocyte differentiation. We report here that PHF2 plays a role in the epigenetic regulation of megakaryocytic (MK) and erythroid differentiation. We investigated PHF2 expression during MK and erythroid differentiation in K562 and human CD34+ progenitor (hCD34+ ) cells. Our data demonstrate that PHF2 expression is down-regulated during megakaryopoiesis and erythropoiesis. PHF2 has a negative role in MK and erythroid differentiation of K562 cells; knockdown of PHF2 promotes MK and erythroid differentiation of hCD34+ cells. Similarly, we found that p53 expression is also down-regulated during MK and erythroid differentiation, which parallels PHF2 expression. PHF2 binds to the p53 promoter and regulates the expression of p53 by demethylating H3K9me2 in the promoter region of p53. Taken together, our data show that PHF2 is a negative epigenetic regulator of MK and erythroid differentiation, and that one of the pathways through which PHF2 affects MK and erythroid differentiation is via regulation of p53 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jichun Yang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Ma
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Xiong
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanlin Wang
- International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaiyue Jin
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjun Xia
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Chen
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianbo Huang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shayi Jiang
- Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Duan Ma
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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28
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen K Suraneni
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - John D Crispino
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
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29
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Fang X, Shen F, Lechauve C, Xu P, Zhao G, Itkow J, Wu F, Hou Y, Wu X, Yu L, Xiu H, Wang M, Zhang R, Wang F, Zhang Y, Wang D, Weiss MJ, Yu D. miR-144/451 represses the LKB1/AMPK/mTOR pathway to promote red cell precursor survival during recovery from acute anemia. Haematologica 2017; 103:406-416. [PMID: 29269522 PMCID: PMC5830375 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2017.177394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The microRNAs miR-144 and -451 are encoded by a bicistronic gene that is strongly induced during red blood cell formation (erythropoiesis). Ablation of the miR-144/451 gene in mice causes mild anemia under baseline conditions. Here we show that miR-144/451−/− erythroblasts exhibit increased apoptosis during recovery from acute anemia. Mechanistically, miR-144/451 depletion increases the expression of the miR-451 target mRNA Cab39, which encodes a co-factor for the serine-threonine kinase LKB1. During erythropoietic stress, miR-144/451−/− erythroblasts exhibit abnormally increased Cab39 protein, which activates LKB1 and its downstream AMPK/mTOR effector pathway. Suppression of this pathway via drugs or shRNAs enhances survival of the mutant erythroblasts. Thus, miR-144/451 facilitates recovery from acute anemia by repressing Cab39/AMPK/mTOR. Our findings suggest that miR-144/451 is a key protector of erythroblasts during pathological states associated with dramatically increased erythropoietic demand, including acute blood loss and hemolytic anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Fang
- Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, University School of Medicine, China
| | - Feiyang Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, University School of Medicine, China
| | - Christophe Lechauve
- Department of Hematology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Peng Xu
- Department of Hematology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Guowei Zhao
- Department of Hematology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jacobi Itkow
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, University School of Medicine, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, University School of Medicine, China
| | - Yaying Hou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, University School of Medicine, China
| | - Xiaohui Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, University School of Medicine, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Jingjiang People's Hospital, Yangzhou University, Jingjiang, China
| | - Lingling Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, University School of Medicine, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Jingjiang People's Hospital, Yangzhou University, Jingjiang, China
| | - Huiqing Xiu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, University School of Medicine, China
| | - Mengli Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, University School of Medicine, China
| | - Ruiling Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, University School of Medicine, China
| | - Fangfang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, University School of Medicine, China
| | - Yanqing Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, University School of Medicine, China
| | - Daxin Wang
- Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Mitchell J Weiss
- Department of Hematology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Duonan Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, University School of Medicine, China .,Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University School of Medicine, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou, China
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30
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Meng Y, Quan L, Liu A. Identification of key microRNAs associated with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma by analyzing serum microRNA expressions. Gene 2017; 642:205-211. [PMID: 29128636 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). METHODS Serum miRNA expression analysis for the serum samples of patients with DLBCL and those of controls was performed using the Illumina sequencing technology. Differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were identified on the basis of the sequencing data. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction for the target genes of DEMs were also conducted. Moreover, the selected DEMs were verified using real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). RESULTS Fifty-one DEMs were identified between DLBCL disease and control groups, of which two were upregulated and 49 were downregulated. In total, 3631 target genes of DEMs were obtained, and hsa-miR-34a-5p had the most target genes. Among the 51 DEMs, 19 were significantly enriched in 41 KEGG pathways. hsa-miR-34a-5p was enriched in 15 pathways such as the p53 signaling pathway. hsa-miR-323b-3p was enriched in four pathways such as pathways in cancer. The PPI network revealed that hsa-miR-34a-5p had the most target genes such as tumor protein p53 (TP53), and hsa-miR-431-5p regulated tyrosine protein kinase Fyn (FYN). Furthermore, qRT-PCR results showed that hsa-miR-34a-5p was upregulated, whereas hsa-miR-323b-3p and hsa-miR-431-5p were downregulated. CONCLUSION hsa-miR-34a-5p may be directly regulated by TP53 and may be involved in DLBCL development via the p53 signaling pathway. Furthermore, hsa-miR-323b-3p may be related to DLBCL by participating in pathways in cancer. hsa-miR-431-5p may also play a role in DLBCL by regulating FYN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Meng
- Department of Gynecology Tumor, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, No. 150 Haping Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, China
| | - Lina Quan
- Department of Hematology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, No. 150 Haping Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, China
| | - Aichun Liu
- Department of Hematology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, No. 150 Haping Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, China.
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31
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Tisato V, Voltan R, Gonelli A, Secchiero P, Zauli G. MDM2/X inhibitors under clinical evaluation: perspectives for the management of hematological malignancies and pediatric cancer. J Hematol Oncol 2017; 10:133. [PMID: 28673313 PMCID: PMC5496368 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-017-0500-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The two murine double minute (MDM) family members MDM2 and MDMX are at the center of an intense clinical assessment as molecular target for the management of cancer. Indeed, the two proteins act as regulators of P53, a well-known key controller of the cell cycle regulation and cell proliferation that, when altered, plays a direct role on cancer development and progression. Several evidence demonstrated that functional aberrations of P53 in tumors are in most cases the consequence of alterations on the MDM2 and MDMX regulatory proteins, in particular in patients with hematological malignancies where TP53 shows a relatively low frequency of mutation while MDM2 and MDMX are frequently found amplified/overexpressed. The pharmacological targeting of these two P53-regulators in order to restore or increase P53 expression and activity represents therefore a strategy for cancer therapy. From the discovery of the Nutlins in 2004, several compounds have been developed and reported with the ability of targeting the P53-MDM2/X axis by inhibiting MDM2 and/or MDMX. From natural compounds up to small molecules and stapled peptides, these MDM2/X pharmacological inhibitors have been extensively studied, revealing different biological features and different rate of efficacy when tested in in vitro and in vivo experimental tumor models. The data/evidence coming from the preclinical experimentation have allowed the identification of the most promising molecules and the setting of clinical studies for their evaluation as monotherapy or in therapeutic combination with conventional chemotherapy or with innovative therapeutic protocols in different tumor settings. Preliminary results have been recently published reporting data about safety, tolerability, potential side effects, and efficacy of such therapeutic approaches. In this light, the aim of this review is to give an updated overview about the state of the art of the clinical evaluation of MDM2/X inhibitor compounds with a special attention to hematological malignancies and to the potential for the management of pediatric cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Tisato
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 66, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Rebecca Voltan
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 66, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Arianna Gonelli
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 66, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paola Secchiero
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 66, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giorgio Zauli
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 66, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
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32
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Wang Q, You T, Fan H, Wang Y, Chu T, Poncz M, Zhu L. Rapamycin and bafilomycin A1 alter autophagy and megakaryopoiesis. Platelets 2016; 28:82-89. [PMID: 27534900 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2016.1204436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is an effective strategy for cell development by recycling cytoplasmic constituents. Genetic deletion of autophagy mediator Atg7 in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) can lead to failure of megakaryopoiesis and enhanced autophagy has been implicated in various hematological disorders such as immune thrombocytopenia and myelodysplastic syndrome. Here, we examined the hypothesis that optimal autophagy is essential for megakaryopoiesis and thrombopoiesis by altering autophagy using pharmacological approaches. When autophagy was induced by rapamycin or inhibited by bafilomycin A1 in fetal liver cells, we observed a significant decrease in high ploidy megakaryocytes, a reduction of CD41 and CD61 co-expressing cells, and less proplatelet or platelet formation. Additionally, reduced cell size was shown in megakaryocytes derived from rapamycin, but not bafilomycin A1-treated mouse fetal liver cells. However, when autophagy was altered in mature megakaryocytes, we observed no significant change in proplatelet formation, which was consistent with normal platelet counts, megakaryocyte numbers, and ploidy in Atg7flox/flox PF4-Cre mice with megakaryocyte- and platelet-specific deletion of autophagy-related gene Atg7. Therefore, our findings suggest that either induction or inhibition of autophagy in the early stage of megakaryopoiesis suppresses megakaryopoiesis and thrombopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- a Cyrus Tang Hematology Center , Soochow University , Suzhou , China.,b Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology , Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - Tao You
- a Cyrus Tang Hematology Center , Soochow University , Suzhou , China.,d Jiangsu Institute of Hematology of The First Affiliated Hospital , Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - Hongqiong Fan
- a Cyrus Tang Hematology Center , Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - Yinyan Wang
- a Cyrus Tang Hematology Center , Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - Tinatian Chu
- a Cyrus Tang Hematology Center , Soochow University , Suzhou , China.,d Jiangsu Institute of Hematology of The First Affiliated Hospital , Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - Mortimer Poncz
- f Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia , Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , USA
| | - Li Zhu
- a Cyrus Tang Hematology Center , Soochow University , Suzhou , China.,b Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology , Soochow University , Suzhou , China.,c MOH Key Lab of Thrombosis and Hemostasis , Soochow University , Suzhou , China.,e Jiangsu Key Lab of Preventive and translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases , Soochow University , Suzhou , China
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33
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Roy A, Lordier L, Pioche-Durieu C, Souquere S, Roy L, Rameau P, Lapierre V, Le Cam E, Plo I, Debili N, Raslova H, Vainchenker W. Uncoupling of the Hippo and Rho pathways allows megakaryocytes to escape the tetraploid checkpoint. Haematologica 2016; 101:1469-1478. [PMID: 27515249 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2016.149914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Megakaryocytes are naturally polyploid cells that increase their ploidy by endomitosis. However, very little is known regarding the mechanism by which they escape the tetraploid checkpoint to become polyploid. Recently, it has been shown that the tetraploid checkpoint was regulated by the Hippo-p53 pathway in response to a downregulation of Rho activity. We therefore analyzed the role of Hippo-p53 pathway in the regulation of human megakaryocyte polyploidy. Our results revealed that Hippo-p53 signaling pathway proteins are present and are functional in megakaryocytes. Although this pathway responds to the genotoxic stress agent etoposide, it is not activated in tetraploid or polyploid megakaryocytes. Furthermore, Hippo pathway was observed to be uncoupled from Rho activity. Additionally, polyploid megakaryocytes showed increased expression of YAP target genes when compared to diploid and tetraploid megakaryocytes. Although p53 knockdown increased both modal ploidy and proplatelet formation in megakaryocytes, YAP knockdown caused no significant change in ploidy while moderately affecting proplatelet formation. Interestingly, YAP knockdown reduced the mitochondrial mass in polyploid megakaryocytes and decreased expression of PGC1α, an important mitochondrial biogenesis regulator. Thus, the Hippo pathway is functional in megakaryocytes, but is not induced by tetraploidy. Additionally, YAP regulates the mitochondrial mass in polyploid megakaryocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Roy
- Institut National de la Santé et la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR1170, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Larissa Lordier
- Institut National de la Santé et la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR1170, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Catherine Pioche-Durieu
- Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 8126, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Sylvie Souquere
- Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,CNRS UMR 8122, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Lydia Roy
- Institut National de la Santé et la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR1170, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France.,Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | | | | | - Eric Le Cam
- Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 8126, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Isabelle Plo
- Institut National de la Santé et la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR1170, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Najet Debili
- Institut National de la Santé et la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR1170, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Hana Raslova
- Institut National de la Santé et la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR1170, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - William Vainchenker
- Institut National de la Santé et la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR1170, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France .,Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
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