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Firth LB, Foggo A, Watts T, Knights AM, deAmicis S. Invasive macroalgae in native seagrass beds: vectors of spread and impacts. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2024; 133:41-50. [PMID: 37787519 PMCID: PMC10921828 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcad143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Worldwide, invasive species are spreading through marine systems at an unprecedented rate with both positive and negative consequences for ecosystems and the biological functioning of organisms. Human activities from shipping to habitat damage and modification are known vectors of spread, although biological interactions including epibiosis are increasingly recognized as potentially important to introduction into susceptible habitats. METHODS We assessed a novel mechanism of spread - limpets as transporters of an invasive alga, Sargassum muticum, into beds of the seagrass Zostera marina - and the physiological impact of its invasion. The association of S. muticum with three limpet species and other habitats was assessed using intertidal surveys on rocky shores and snorkelling at two seagrass sites in the UK. A 4-year field study tested the effect of S. muticum on Z. marina shoot density, dry weight and phenolic compounds (caffeic and tannic acid) content, and a laboratory experiment tested the impact of S. muticum on nutrient partitioning (C/H/N/P/Si), photosynthetic efficiency (Fv/Fm) and growth of Z. marina. RESULTS On rocky shores 15 % of S. muticum occurrences were attached to the shells of live limpets. In seagrass beds 5 % of S. muticum occurrences were attached to the shells of dead limpets. The remainder were attached to rock, to cobblestones, to the seagrass matrix or embedded within the sand. Z. marina density and phenolics content was lower when S. muticum co-occurred with it. Over 3 years, photosynthetic responses of Z. marina to S. muticum were idiosyncratic, and S. muticum had no effect on nutrient partitioning in Z. marina. CONCLUSIONS Our results show limpets support S. muticum as an epibiont and may act as a previously unreported transport mechanism introducing invaders into sensitive habitats. S. muticum reduced production of phenolics in Z. marina, which may weaken its defensive capabilities and facilitate proliferation of S. muticum. The effect of S. muticum on Z. marina photosynthesis requires further work but having no effect on the capacity of Z. marina to sequester nutrients suggests a degree of resilience to this invader.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise B Firth
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Andy Foggo
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Thomas Watts
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Antony M Knights
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Stacey deAmicis
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
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2
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Byers JE, Blaze JA, Dodd AC, Hall HL, Gribben PE. Exotic asphyxiation: interactions between invasive species and hypoxia. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2023; 98:150-167. [PMID: 36097368 PMCID: PMC10087183 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Non-indigenous species (NIS) and hypoxia (<2 mg O2 l-1 ) can disturb and restructure aquatic communities. Both are heavily influenced by human activities and are intensifying with global change. As these disturbances increase, understanding how they interact to affect native species and systems is essential. To expose patterns, outcomes, and generalizations, we thoroughly reviewed the biological invasion literature and compiled 100 studies that examine the interaction of hypoxia and NIS. We found that 64% of studies showed that NIS are tolerant of hypoxia, and 62% showed that NIS perform better than native species under hypoxia. Only one-quarter of studies examined NIS as creators of hypoxia; thus, NIS are more often considered passengers associated with hypoxia, rather than drivers of it. Paradoxically, the NIS that most commonly create hypoxia are primary producers. Taxa like molluscs are typically more hypoxia tolerant than mobile taxa like fish and crustaceans. Most studies examine individual-level or localized responses to hypoxia; however, the most extensive impacts occur when hypoxia associated with NIS affects communities and ecosystems. We discuss how these influences of hypoxia at higher levels of organization better inform net outcomes of the biological invasion process, i.e. establishment, spread, and impact, and are thus most useful to management. Our review identifies wide variation in the way in which the interaction between hypoxia and NIS is studied in the literature, and suggests ways to address the number of variables that affect their interaction and refine insight gleaned from future studies. We also identify a clear need for resource management to consider the interactive effects of these two global stressors which are almost exclusively managed independently.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E. Byers
- Odum School of EcologyUniversity of Georgia140 E. Green St.AthensGA30602USA
| | - Julie A. Blaze
- Odum School of EcologyUniversity of Georgia140 E. Green St.AthensGA30602USA
| | - Alannah C. Dodd
- Odum School of EcologyUniversity of Georgia140 E. Green St.AthensGA30602USA
| | - Hannah L. Hall
- Odum School of EcologyUniversity of Georgia140 E. Green St.AthensGA30602USA
| | - Paul E. Gribben
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental ScienceUniversity of New South WalesRm 4115, Building E26SydneyNew South Wales2052Australia
- Sydney Institute of Marine ScienceChowder Bay RdMosmanNew South Wales2088Australia
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3
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Late quaternary biotic homogenization of North American mammalian faunas. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3940. [PMID: 35803946 PMCID: PMC9270452 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31595-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Biotic homogenization—increasing similarity of species composition among ecological communities—has been linked to anthropogenic processes operating over the last century. Fossil evidence, however, suggests that humans have had impacts on ecosystems for millennia. We quantify biotic homogenization of North American mammalian assemblages during the late Pleistocene through Holocene (~30,000 ybp to recent), a timespan encompassing increased evidence of humans on the landscape (~20,000–14,000 ybp). From ~10,000 ybp to recent, assemblages became significantly more homogenous (>100% increase in Jaccard similarity), a pattern that cannot be explained by changes in fossil record sampling. Homogenization was most pronounced among mammals larger than 1 kg and occurred in two phases. The first followed the megafaunal extinction at ~10,000 ybp. The second, more rapid phase began during human population growth and early agricultural intensification (~2,000–1,000 ybp). We show that North American ecosystems were homogenizing for millennia, extending human impacts back ~10,000 years. Biotic homogenization, which is increased similarity in the composition of species among communities, is rising due to human activities. Using North American mammal fossil records from the past 30,000 years, this study shows that this phenomenon is ancient, beginning between 12,000 and 10,000 years ago with the extinction of the mammal megafauna.
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Faria J, Prestes ACL, Moreu I, Cacabelos E, Martins GM. Dramatic changes in the structure of shallow-water marine benthic communities following the invasion by Rugulopteryx okamurae (Dictyotales, Ochrophyta) in Azores (NE Atlantic). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 175:113358. [PMID: 35092932 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biological invasions are considered one of the most important drivers of biodiversity loss. Here we use a before-after-control-impact (BACI) design to investigate the impact of Rugulopteryx okamurae on the structure of shallow-water marine benthic communities in São Miguel island, Azores. After its first appearance in 2019, R. okamurae has rapidly invaded much of the southern coast of the island, where it became the dominant algae. This was followed by significant changes in the structure of shallow-water marine benthic communities, with substantial losses of natural variability and species richness. Compared to before, there has been dramatic reductions in the abundances of articulated coralline algae, corticated algae and corticated foliose algae in invaded locations. These results highlight its highly invasive character, not seen with other, more well-known, invasive species. It remains to be investigated if its impacts persist throughout time and to quantify the functional consequences of such dramatic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Faria
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, cE3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Azorean Biodiversity Group, University of Azores, Ponta Delgada, 9501-801 São Miguel, Azores, Portugal; CIBIO - Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO Associate Laboratory, Pólo dos Açores - Departamento de Biologia da Universidade dos Açores, Ponta Delgada 9501-801, Portugal.
| | - Afonso C L Prestes
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, cE3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Azorean Biodiversity Group, University of Azores, Ponta Delgada, 9501-801 São Miguel, Azores, Portugal
| | - Ignacio Moreu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, cE3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Azorean Biodiversity Group, University of Azores, Ponta Delgada, 9501-801 São Miguel, Azores, Portugal
| | - Eva Cacabelos
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Agência Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investigação Tecnologia e Inovação (ARDITI), Edifício Madeira Tecnopolo, Piso 0, Caminho da Penteada, Funchal 9020-105, Madeira, Portugal
| | - Gustavo M Martins
- CIBIO - Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO Associate Laboratory, Pólo dos Açores - Departamento de Biologia da Universidade dos Açores, Ponta Delgada 9501-801, Portugal
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5
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Invasion of the North American sand dropseed (Sporobolus cryptandrus) – A new pest in Eurasian sand areas? Glob Ecol Conserv 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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6
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Plant growth-promoting abilities and community structure of culturable endophytic bacteria from the fruit of an invasive plant Xanthium italicum. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:449. [PMID: 34631350 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02997-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Diversity of endophytic bacterial communities of capsular fruit, upper and lower seeds of an invasive plant Xanthium italicum growing in Xinjiang, China, was investigated. All isolates from the seed capsules, the upper seeds, and the lower seeds were identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and sequences were compared to bacterial databases to define operational taxonomic units (OTUs). Finally, we obtained 316 endophytic isolates corresponding to 58 OTUs based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. The most common OTU corresponded most closely to Bacillus zhangzhouensis and comprised 9.49% of all bacterial isolates. The richness and diversity of endophytes in lower seeds were higher than that of the upper seeds; moreover, the Chao estimator and Shannon index of endophytes in the lower seeds were approximate to that in the seed capsules. Bacillus and Staphylococcus were found as the common taxa in three different tissues that were investigated (OTUs belong to these genera constituted > 70% of the total community). The bacterial endophytic communities differed significantly among these three fruit tissues, especially Bacillus strains, which have been reported to contribute to plant growth promotion and stress resilience to their hosts in harsh environment; abundance of Bacillus species was in the following order: capsules (78 OTUs) > lower seeds (55 OTUs) > upper seeds (40 OTUs). The lower seeds harboring more Bacillus species might be responsible for their earlier seed germination compared with the upper seeds.
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7
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Vadillo Gonzalez S, Johnston EL, Dafforn KA, O'Connor WA, Gribben PE. Body size affects lethal and sublethal responses to organic enrichment: Evidence of associational susceptibility for an infaunal bivalve. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 169:105391. [PMID: 34217096 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2021.105391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Eutrophication is an increasing problem worldwide and can disrupt ecosystem processes in which macrobenthic bioturbators play an essential role. This study explores how intraspecific variation in body size affects the survival, mobility and impact on sediment organic matter breakdown in enriched sediments of an infaunal bivalve. A mesocosm experiment was conducted in which monocultures and all size combinations of three body sizes (small, medium and large) of the Sydney cockle, Anadara trapezia, were exposed to natural or organically enriched sediments. Results demonstrate that larger body sizes have higher tolerance to enriched conditions and can reduce survival of smaller cockles when grown together. Also, large A. trapezia influenced sediment organic matter breakdown although a direct link to bioturbation activity was not clear. Overall, this study found that intraspecific variation in body size influences survival and performance of bioturbators in eutrophic scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Vadillo Gonzalez
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, NSW, 2033, Sydney, Australia; Evolution and Ecology Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Chowder Bay Road, Mosman, NSW, 2088, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Emma L Johnston
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, NSW, 2033, Sydney, Australia; Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Chowder Bay Road, Mosman, NSW, 2088, Sydney, Australia
| | - Katherine A Dafforn
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Chowder Bay Road, Mosman, NSW, 2088, Sydney, Australia; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2113, Sydney, Australia
| | - Wayne A O'Connor
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Port Stephens Fisheries Institute, Taylors Beach, NSW, 2316, Australia
| | - Paul E Gribben
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, NSW, 2033, Sydney, Australia; Evolution and Ecology Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Chowder Bay Road, Mosman, NSW, 2088, Sydney, Australia
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8
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Firth LB, Duff L, Gribben PE, Knights AM. Do positive interactions between marine invaders increase likelihood of invasion into natural and artificial habitats? OIKOS 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.07862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Louise B. Firth
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, Univ. of Plymouth Plymouth UK
| | - Lois Duff
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, Univ. of Plymouth Plymouth UK
| | - Paul E. Gribben
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, School of Biological, Earth, and Environmental Science, Univ. of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Sydney Inst. of Marine Science Mosman New South Wales Australia
| | - Antony M. Knights
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, Univ. of Plymouth Plymouth UK
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9
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Introduced marine ecosystem engineer indirectly affects parasitism in native mussel hosts. Biol Invasions 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-020-02318-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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10
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Rizzo L, Pusceddu A, Bianchelli S, Fraschetti S. Potentially combined effect of the invasive seaweed Caulerpa cylindracea (Sonder) and sediment deposition rates on organic matter and meiofaunal assemblages. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 159:104966. [PMID: 32662427 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.104966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The seaweed Caulerpa cylindracea (Sonder) is one of the most successful marine bioinvaders worldwide. Caulerpa cylindracea can influence the quantity and biochemical composition of sedimentary organic matter (OM). However, it is still unknown if the effects of C. cylindracea on both OM and small metazoans (i.e. meiofauna) can change according to different sediment deposition rates. To provide insights on this, we investigated the biochemical composition of sediments along with the abundance and composition of meiofaunal assemblages in sediments colonized and not-colonized by the seaweed C. cylindracea under different regimes of sediment deposition. Our results show that the presence of the invasive alga C. cylindracea could alter quantity, biochemical composition, and nutritional quality of organic detritus and influence the overall functioning of the benthic system, but also that the observed effects could be context-dependent. In particular, we show that the presence of C. cylindracea could have a positive effect on meiofaunal abundance wherever the sediment deposition rates are low, whereas the contextual presence of high to medium sedimentation rates can provoke an accumulation of sedimentary organic matter, less favourable bioavailability of food for the benthos, and consequent negative effects on meiofauna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Rizzo
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Napoli, Italy; CoNISMa, Piazzale Flaminio, 9 Roma, Italy.
| | - Antonio Pusceddu
- CoNISMa, Piazzale Flaminio, 9 Roma, Italy; Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via T. Fiorelli 1, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Silvia Bianchelli
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Simonetta Fraschetti
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Napoli, Italy; CoNISMa, Piazzale Flaminio, 9 Roma, Italy; Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
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11
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A subtle threat: behavioral and phenotypic consequences of invasive mosquitofish on a native paedomorphic newt. Biol Invasions 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-019-02181-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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12
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Anton A, Geraldi NR, Lovelock CE, Apostolaki ET, Bennett S, Cebrian J, Krause-Jensen D, Marbà N, Martinetto P, Pandolfi JM, Santana-Garcon J, Duarte CM. Global ecological impacts of marine exotic species. Nat Ecol Evol 2019; 3:787-800. [DOI: 10.1038/s41559-019-0851-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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13
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Haram LE, Kinney KA, Sotka EE, Byers JE. Mixed effects of an introduced ecosystem engineer on the foraging behavior and habitat selection of predators. Ecology 2018; 99:2751-2762. [DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linsey E. Haram
- Odum School of Ecology University of Georgia 140 E Green Street Athens Georgia 30602 USA
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center 647 Contees Wharf Road Edgewater Maryland 21037 USA
| | - Kaitlin A. Kinney
- Odum School of Ecology University of Georgia 140 E Green Street Athens Georgia 30602 USA
- School of Environment and Natural Resources The Ohio State University 2021 Coffey Road Columbus Ohio 43210 USA
| | - Erik E. Sotka
- Grice Marine Laboratory College of Charleston 205 Fort Johnson Road Charleston South Carolina 29412 USA
| | - James E. Byers
- Odum School of Ecology University of Georgia 140 E Green Street Athens Georgia 30602 USA
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Krug PJ, Wong NLWS, Medina MR, Gosliner TM, Valdés ÁA. Cryptic speciation yields remarkable mimics: A new genus of sea slugs that masquerade as toxic algae (
Caulerpa
spp.). ZOOL SCR 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J. Krug
- Department of Biological Sciences California State University Los Angeles California
| | - Nur Leena W. S. Wong
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Selangor Malaysia
| | - Melanie R. Medina
- Department of Biological Sciences California State University Los Angeles California
| | | | - Ángel A. Valdés
- Department of Biological Sciences California State Polytechnic University Pomona California
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Rubal M, Costa-Garcia R, Besteiro C, Sousa-Pinto I, Veiga P. Mollusc diversity associated with the non-indigenous macroalga Asparagopsis armata Harvey, 1855 along the Atlantic coast of the Iberian Peninsula. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 136:1-7. [PMID: 29496205 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to explore mollusc assemblages associated with the non-indigenous macroalga Asparagopsis armata, to compare them with those on other macroalgae at the study region and to explore potential differences on mollusc assemblages between two regions in the Atlantic coast of the Iberian Peninsula, where A. armata is present. To achieve this, at each region, four intertidal shores were sampled. Twenty-nine mollusc species were reported and thus, A. armata harboured similar or higher diversity than other annual macroalgae in this area. When compared with perennial macroalgae, results depend on the species and studied area. Moreover, significant differences in structure of mollusc assemblages between the two studied regions were found. However, these were due to differences in the relative abundance of species rather than the presence of exclusive species at each region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Rubal
- Laboratory of Coastal Biodiversity, Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões Av., General Norton de Matos s/n 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n 4150-181, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Ricardo Costa-Garcia
- Laboratory of Coastal Biodiversity, Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões Av., General Norton de Matos s/n 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n 4150-181, Porto, Portugal
| | - Celia Besteiro
- Estación de BioloxíaMariña da Graña, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Casa do Hórreo, Rúa da Ribeira 1 15590, A Graña, Ferrol, Spain
| | - Isabel Sousa-Pinto
- Laboratory of Coastal Biodiversity, Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões Av., General Norton de Matos s/n 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n 4150-181, Porto, Portugal
| | - Puri Veiga
- Laboratory of Coastal Biodiversity, Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões Av., General Norton de Matos s/n 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n 4150-181, Porto, Portugal
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16
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Berriman JS, Ellingson RA, Awbrey JD, Rico DM, Valdés ÁA, Wilson NG, Aguilar A, Herbert DG, Hirano YM, Trowbridge CD, Krug PJ. A biting commentary: Integrating tooth characters with molecular data doubles known species diversity in a lineage of sea slugs that consume "killer algae". Mol Phylogenet Evol 2018. [PMID: 29524652 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2018.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Predicting biotic resistance to highly invasive strains of "killer algae" (Caulerpa spp.) requires understanding the diversity and feeding preferences of native consumers, including sea slugs in family Oxynoidae. Past studies reported low algal host specificity for Oxynoe (6 spp.) and Lobiger (4 spp.), but these taxonomically challenging slugs may represent species complexes of unrecognized specialists that prefer different Caulerpa spp. Here, we assess global diversity of these genera by integrating gene sequences with morphological data from microscopic teeth and internal shells, the only hard parts in these soft-bodied invertebrates. Four delimitation methods applied to datasets comprising mtDNA and/or nuclear alleles yielded up to 16 species hypotheses for samples comprising five nominal taxa, including five highly divergent species in Lobiger and five in Oxynoe. Depending on the analysis, a further four to six species were recovered in the O. antillarum-viridis complex, a clade in which mitochondrial divergence was low and nuclear alleles were shared among lineages. Bayesian species delimitation using only morphological data supported most candidate species, however, and integrative analyses combining morphological and genetic data fully supported all complex members. Collectively, our findings double the recognized biodiversity in Oxynoidae, and illustrate the value of including data from traits that mediate fast-evolving ecological interactions during species delimitation. Preference for Caulerpa spp. and radular tooth characteristics covaried among newly delimited species, highlighting an unappreciated degree of host specialization and coevolution in these taxa that may help predict their role in containing outbreaks of invasive algae.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S Berriman
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Los Angeles, CA 90032-8201, USA
| | - Ryan A Ellingson
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Los Angeles, CA 90032-8201, USA
| | - Jaymes D Awbrey
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Los Angeles, CA 90032-8201, USA
| | - Diane M Rico
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Los Angeles, CA 90032-8201, USA
| | - Ángel A Valdés
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, CA 91768, USA
| | - Nerida G Wilson
- Western Australian Museum, Kew Street, Welshpool, Perth, Western Australia 6106, Australia; School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Andres Aguilar
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Los Angeles, CA 90032-8201, USA
| | - David G Herbert
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P. Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa
| | - Yayoi M Hirano
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, Japan
| | - Cynthia D Trowbridge
- University of Oregon, Oregon Institute of Marine Biology, PO Box 5389, Charleston, OR 97420, USA
| | - Patrick J Krug
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Los Angeles, CA 90032-8201, USA.
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17
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Lethal and non-lethal effects of an invasive naticid gastropod on the production of a native clam. Biol Invasions 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-018-1675-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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Krug PJ, Berriman JS, Valdés Á. Phylogenetic systematics of the shelled sea slug genus Oxynoe Rafinesque, 1814 (Heterobranchia : Sacoglossa), with integrative descriptions of seven new species. INVERTEBR SYST 2018. [DOI: 10.1071/is17080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
An integrative approach to investigate the species-level diversity in Oxynoe (Mollusca, Heterobranchia, Sacoglossa) revealed the existence of 11 distinct taxa. Oxynoe viridis (Pease, 1861) and Oxynoe antillarum Mörch, 1863 are redescribed; Oxynoe natalensis E. A. Smith, 1903 and Oxynoe azuropunctata Jensen, 1980 are regarded as valid. Species originally described from empty shells are regarded as nomina dubia. Seven new species are described, four from the tropical Indo-West Pacific: Oxynoe kylei, sp. nov., Oxynoe neridae, sp. nov., Oxynoe jordani, sp. nov. and Oxynoe jacksoni, sp. nov.; and two from the tropical Atlantic: Oxynoe struthioe, sp. nov. and Oxynoe ilani, sp. nov. The name Oxynoe panamensis Pilsbry & Olsson, 1943 has been applied to eastern Pacific specimens, but was introduced based on material collected from the Caribbean; therefore, the new name Oxynoe aliciae, sp. nov. is introduced for eastern Pacific specimens. Species are delineated using molecular and morphological traits, as well as algal host and reproductive biology. Results from morphological comparisons are concordant with molecular and integrative species delimitation analyses, providing robust evidence for species hypotheses. As Oxynoe is one of the few groups specialised to feed on the green algal genus Caulerpa, which includes highly invasive species, clarifying the taxonomy of Oxynoe may inform efforts to predict community response to disruptive algal invasions.
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Turley MD, Bilotta GS, Gasparrini A, Sera F, Mathers KL, Humpheryes I, England J. The effects of non-native signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus) on fine sediment and sediment-biomonitoring. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 601-602:186-193. [PMID: 28551537 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.05.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The North American signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus) has invaded freshwater ecosystems across Europe. Recent studies suggest that predation of macroinvertebrates by signal crayfish can affect the performance of freshwater biomonitoring tools used to assess causes of ecological degradation. Given the reliance on biomonitoring globally, it is crucial that the potential influence of invasive species is better understood. Crayfish are also biogeomorphic agents, and therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether sediment-biomonitoring tool outputs changed following signal crayfish invasions, and whether these changes reflected post-invasion changes to deposited fine sediment, or changes to macroinvertebrate community compositions unrelated to fine sediment. A quasi-experimental study design was employed, utilising interrupted time series analysis of long-term environmental monitoring data and a hierarchical modelling approach. The analysis of all sites (n=71) displayed a small, but statistically significant increase between pre- and post-invasion index scores for the Proportion of Sediment-sensitive Invertebrates (PSI) index biomonitoring tool (4.1, p<0.001, 95%CI: 2.1, 6.2), which can range from 0 to 100, but no statistically significant difference was observed for the empirically-weighted PSI (0.4, p=0.742, 95%CI: -2.1, 2.9), or fine sediment (-2.3, p=0.227, 95%CI: -6.0, 1.4). Subgroup analyses demonstrated changes in biomonitoring tool scores ranging from four to 10 percentage points. Importantly, these subgroup analyses showed relatively small changes to fine sediment, two of which were statistically significant, but these did not coincide with the expected responses from biomonitoring tools. The results suggest that sediment-biomonitoring may be influenced by signal crayfish invasions, but the effects appear to be context dependent, and perhaps not the result of biogeomorphic activities of crayfish. The low magnitude changes to biomonitoring scores are unlikely to result in an incorrect diagnosis of sediment pressure, particularly as these tools should be used alongside a suite of other pressure-specific indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matt D Turley
- Aquatic Research Centre, School of Environment and Technology, University of Brighton, Lewes Road, Brighton, East Sussex BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom.
| | - Gary S Bilotta
- Aquatic Research Centre, School of Environment and Technology, University of Brighton, Lewes Road, Brighton, East Sussex BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom
| | - Antonio Gasparrini
- Department of Social and Environmental Health Research, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London WC1H 9SH, United Kingdom
| | - Francesco Sera
- Department of Social and Environmental Health Research, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London WC1H 9SH, United Kingdom
| | - Kate L Mathers
- Department of Geography, Centre for Hydrological and Ecosystem Science, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Humpheryes
- Environment Agency, Horizon House, Deanery Road, Bristol BS1 5AH, United Kingdom
| | - Judy England
- Environment Agency, Horizon House, Deanery Road, Bristol BS1 5AH, United Kingdom
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20
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Seasonal non-indigenous species succession in a marine macrofouling invertebrate community. Biol Invasions 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-017-1601-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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21
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Voerman SE, Glasby TM, Gladstone W, Gribben PE. Habitat associations of an expanding native alga. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 131:205-214. [PMID: 29021082 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2017.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
There are many examples of native macrophytes becoming locally dominant and spreading outside their traditional distributions, but the causes and impacts are often not understood. In New South Wales, Australia, the green alga Caulerpa filiformis is undergoing a range expansion and has transitioned from a subdominant to a dominant alga on several rocky shores around the Sydney coastline. Here we investigated relationships between established patches of C. filiformis, the habitat it occupies and associated algal communities at multiple subtidal sites over the green alga's 700 km range. We tested the following predictions: 1) C. filiformis cover differs among substrata, being greatest on turf-forming algae; 2) C. filiformis cover is positively related to environmental variables linked to increased sedimentation (e.g. reduced reef width, surface slope, increased rugosity and distance from shore); 3) occurrence of C. filiformis is associated with a change in macrophyte community structure and a reduction of macrophyte richness; 4) intact native algal canopies inhibit C. filiformis spread, but turf-forming algae and bare sand are susceptible to invasion. Substratum associations were highly consistent among sites, but contrary to our prediction, C. filiformis was most commonly associated with rock or rock + sand substratum and less frequently associated with turf-forming algae substratum. C. filiformis cover was negatively correlated with reef width, which explained most of the variation observed, although local scale variables distance from shore, reef slope, and water depth were also correlated with C. filiformis cover. Algal diversity and community composition typically differed in the presence of C. filiformis, often with a reduction of algal abundances, in particular Sargassum spp., although results varied among substrata and sites. However, monitoring of borders suggested that C. filiformis does not invade and outcompete undisturbed adjacent canopy-forming algae over a 12 month period. Our results suggest that disturbance processes (possibly linked to sedimentation) acting at the site and quadrat scale are likely important determinants of C. filiformis cover and spread, and hence its potential ecological impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie E Voerman
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia(1).
| | - Tim M Glasby
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Port Stephens Fisheries Institute, Locked Bag 1, Nelson Bay, NSW 2315, Australia
| | - William Gladstone
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Paul E Gribben
- Centre for Marine BioInnovation, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, NSW 2052, Australia; Sydney Institute of Marine Science, 19 Chowder Bay Road, Mosman, NSW 2088, Australia
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22
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Potential effects of an invasive seaweed (Caulerpa cylindracea, Sonder) on sedimentary organic matter and microbial metabolic activities. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12113. [PMID: 28935956 PMCID: PMC5608702 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12556-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Caulerpa cylindracea (Sonder), among the most successful marine bio-invaders on a global scale, poses severe threats to biodiversity. However, the effects of this seaweed on the quantity and the biochemical composition of sedimentary organic matter are still poorly known. Since the whole set of sedimentary features affects the availability of substrates for benthic microbial communities, we: i) investigated the biochemical composition of sediments colonized and not-colonized by C. cylindracea, and ii) compared the metabolic patterns of the microbial communities associated with C. cylindracea and in the sediments colonized and not-colonized by the seaweed. Our results show that C. cylindracea can influence the quantity and biochemical composition of sedimentary organic matter (OM), and that microbial populations associated with colonized sediments do have specific metabolic patterns and degradation capacities. Caulerpa cylindracea can also influence the metabolic patterns of the microbial community specifically adapted to degrade compounds released by the seaweed itself, with possible consequences on C cycling.
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23
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Parasitism may alter functional response comparisons: a case study on the killer shrimp Dikerogammarus villosus and two non-invasive gammarids. Biol Invasions 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-017-1563-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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24
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Arnaud-Haond S, Aires T, Candeias R, Teixeira SJL, Duarte CM, Valero M, Serrão EA. Entangled fates of holobiont genomes during invasion: nested bacterial and host diversities in Caulerpa taxifolia. Mol Ecol 2017; 26:2379-2391. [PMID: 28133884 DOI: 10.1111/mec.14030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Successful prevention and mitigation of biological invasions requires retracing the initial steps of introduction, as well as understanding key elements enhancing the adaptability of invasive species. We studied the genetic diversity of the green alga Caulerpa taxifolia and its associated bacterial communities in several areas around the world. The striking congruence of α and β diversity of the algal genome and endophytic communities reveals a tight association, supporting the holobiont concept as best describing the unit of spreading and invasion. Both genomic compartments support the hypotheses of a unique accidental introduction in the Mediterranean and of multiple invasion events in southern Australia. In addition to helping with tracing the origin of invasion, bacterial communities exhibit metabolic functions that can potentially enhance adaptability and competitiveness of the consortium they form with their host. We thus hypothesize that low genetic diversities of both host and symbiont communities may contribute to the recent regression in the Mediterranean, in contrast with the persistence of highly diverse assemblages in southern Australia. This study supports the importance of scaling up from the host to the holobiont for a comprehensive understanding of invasions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Arnaud-Haond
- IFREMER, Station de Sète, UMR MARBEC, Avenue Jean Monnet, CS 30171, 34203, Sète Cedex, France.,OREME - Station Marine, Université Montpellier, 2 rue des Chantiers - CC 99009, 34200, Sète, France.,CCMAR-CIMAR, MAREE, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005 - 139, Faro, Portugal
| | - T Aires
- CCMAR-CIMAR, MAREE, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005 - 139, Faro, Portugal
| | - R Candeias
- CCMAR-CIMAR, MAREE, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005 - 139, Faro, Portugal
| | - S J L Teixeira
- CCMAR-CIMAR, MAREE, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005 - 139, Faro, Portugal
| | - C M Duarte
- RSRC (Red Sea Research Center), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Building 2, Level 3, Room 3219, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Valero
- UMI EBEA 3614, Evolutionary Biology and Ecology of Algae, CNRS, UPMC, PUCCh, UACH, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Sorbonne Universités, CS 90074, Place Georges Teissier, 29688, Roscoff Cedex, France
| | - E A Serrão
- CCMAR-CIMAR, MAREE, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005 - 139, Faro, Portugal
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25
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Noonburg EG, Byers JE. Bad neighbors: how spatially disjunct habitat degradation can cause system-wide population collapse. Ecology 2016; 97:2858-2866. [PMID: 27859113 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.1480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Movement of individuals links the effects of local variation in habitat quality with growth and persistence of populations at the landscape scale. When the populations themselves are linked by interspecific interactions, such as predation, differential movement between habitats may lead to counterintuitive system-wide dynamics. Understanding the interaction between local drivers and dynamics of widely dispersed species is necessary to predict the impacts of habitat fragmentation and degradation, which may be transmitted across habitat boundaries by species' movements. Here we model predator-prey interactions across unaltered and degraded habitat areas, and we explore the additional effects of adaptive habitat choice by predators on the resilience of prey populations. We show how movement between habitats can produce the "bad neighbor effect," in which predators' response to localized habitat degradation causes system-wide loss of prey populations. This effect arises because adaptive foraging results in the concentration of predators in the more productive unaltered habitat, even when this habitat can not support the increased prey mortality. The mechanisms underlying this effect are especially sensitive to prey dispersal rate and adaptive predator behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik G Noonburg
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, 3200 College Avenue, Davie, Florida, 33314, USA
| | - James E Byers
- Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, 30602, USA
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26
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Ecological impacts of the austral-most population of Crassostrea gigas in South America: a matter of time? Ecol Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11284-015-1298-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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27
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Waser AM, Splinter W, van der Meer J. Indirect effects of invasive species affecting the population structure of an ecosystem engineer. Ecosphere 2015. [DOI: 10.1890/es14-00437.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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28
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Lanham BS, Gribben PE, Poore AGB. Beyond the border: effects of an expanding algal habitat on the fauna of neighbouring habitats. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2015; 106:10-8. [PMID: 25749309 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2015.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The impacts of novel habitat-forming organisms on associated fauna have been difficult to predict, and may affect the fauna of neighbouring habitats due to changes in the spatial configuration of habitat patches of differing quality. Here, we test whether the localised expansion of a native habitat-forming macroalga, Caulerpa filiformis, on subtidal reefs can affect the abundance of fauna associated with a neighbouring macroalgal habitat. C. filiformis was a functionally distinct habitat for fauna, and the total abundance of epifauna associated with the resident alga, Sargassum linearifolium, was reduced at some sites when in close proximity to or surrounded by C. filiformis. Experimental manipulation of habitat configuration demonstrated that the low abundance of gastropods on S. linearifolium when surrounded by C. filiformis was likely explained by C. filiformis acting as a physical dispersal barrier for mobile fauna. Changes to the spatial configuration of novel and resident habitats can thus affect the abundance of fauna in addition to the direct replacement of habitats by species undergoing range expansions or increasing in abundance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan S Lanham
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Paul E Gribben
- Plant Functional Biology and Climate Change Cluster, School of the Environment, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Alistair G B Poore
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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29
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Bleach IT, Beckmann C, Both C, Brown GP, Shine R. Noisy neighbours at the frog pond: effects of invasive cane toads on the calling behaviour of native Australian frogs. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-015-1879-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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30
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie J. Bishop
- Dept of Biological Sciences; Macquarie Univ.; Sydney New South Wales 2109 Australia
| | - James E. Byers
- Odum School of Ecology; Univ. of Georgia; Athens GA 30602 USA
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31
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DeVore JL, Maerz JC. Grass invasion increases top-down pressure on an amphibian via structurally mediated effects on an intraguild predator. Ecology 2014; 95:1724-30. [PMID: 25163106 DOI: 10.1890/13-1715.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Plants serve as both basal resources and ecosystem engineers, so plant invasion may exert trophic influences on consumers both via bottom-up processes and by altering the environmental context in which trophic interactions occur. To determine how these mechanisms affect a native predator we used a mark-recapture study in eight pairs of 58-m2 field enclosures to measure the influence of Japanese stilt grass invasion on 3200 recently metamorphosed American toads. Toad survivorship was lower in invaded habitats despite abiotic effects that favor amphibians. Prey densities were also lower in invaded habitats, but growth was unaffected. Frequent spider predation events in invaded habitats led us to use factorial field cage manipulations of stilt grass and lycosid spiders to determine if invasion increases predation rates. Spiders persisted at higher densities in the presence of stilt grass, and toad survival was lowest in cages with both grass and spiders. Invasion alone did not significantly reduce toad survival. Our results demonstrate that despite prey reductions and abiotic effects, it is increased spider persistence that reduces toad survival in invaded habitats. Invasion therefore affects resident forest floor consumers by modifying trophic interactions between native species, causing structurally mediated reductions in intraguild predation rates among spiders, with cascading implications for toad survival.
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32
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Vaz-Pinto F, Torrontegi O, Prestes ACL, Alvaro NV, Neto AI, Martins GM. Invasion success and development of benthic assemblages: effect of timing, duration of submersion and substrate type. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2014; 94:72-79. [PMID: 24374052 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2013.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Revised: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have suggested that communities associated with artificial substrata support more non-indigenous species (NIS) than natural habitats, and may function as corridors for their expansion. Our study focused on the role of substrate type, timing and duration of submersion as determinants of fouling assemblage. We used plates made of basalt, concrete or fibreglass, to assess early, i.e., 3 months, and late, i.e., 12 months, succession in benthic communities. To assess spatial and temporal variability of the results, sampling was performed at 2 locations and the experiment was repeated in two seasons of the year. Our results showed that the timing and duration of submersion affected the number and percent cover of natives and NIS, as well as assemblage composition. Moreover, the present study showed no support for the hypothesis that marine NIS are more abundant on artificial substrata, as neither of the two artificial substrata tested supported a greater number of NIS compared to basalt (the natural substratum). Overall, fibreglass presented the most different benthic assemblage composition, supporting the fact that the extent and nature of the observed differences varied not only between natural and artificial substrata, but also according to the type of artificial habitat considered. Thus, our results are in agreement with previous studies that stated that appropriate strategies for environmental management should integrate ecological assessment in order to maintain natural patterns of distribution and abundance of organisms, scales of variability and relevant ecological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Vaz-Pinto
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Rua dos Bragas, n° 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal.
| | - O Torrontegi
- Grupo de Biologia Marinha, CIRN & Departamento de Biologia, Universidade dos Açores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - A C L Prestes
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Rua dos Bragas, n° 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal; Grupo de Biologia Marinha, CIRN & Departamento de Biologia, Universidade dos Açores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - N V Alvaro
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Rua dos Bragas, n° 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal; Grupo de Biologia Marinha, CIRN & Departamento de Biologia, Universidade dos Açores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal; Centro de Estudos do Clima, Meteorologia e Mudanças Globais, Pólo Universitário de Angra do Heroísmo, 9701-851 Angra do Heroísmo, Portugal
| | - A I Neto
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Rua dos Bragas, n° 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal; Grupo de Biologia Marinha, CIRN & Departamento de Biologia, Universidade dos Açores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - G M Martins
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Rua dos Bragas, n° 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal; Grupo de Biologia Marinha, CIRN & Departamento de Biologia, Universidade dos Açores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
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33
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Gribben PE, Wright JT. Habitat-former effects on prey behaviour increase predation and non-predation mortality. J Anim Ecol 2013; 83:388-96. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul E. Gribben
- Plant Functional Biology and Climate Change Cluster; School of the Environment; University of Technology; Sydney NSW 2007 Australia
| | - Jeffrey T. Wright
- National Centre for Marine Conservation and Resource Sustainability; Australian Maritime College; University of Tasmania; P.O. Box 986 Launceston Tas. 7250 Australia
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34
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Aires T, Serrão EA, Kendrick G, Duarte CM, Arnaud-Haond S. Invasion is a community affair: Clandestine followers in the bacterial community associated to green algae, Caulerpa racemosa, track the invasion source. PLoS One 2013; 8:e68429. [PMID: 23874625 PMCID: PMC3713043 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological invasions rank amongst the most deleterious components of global change inducing alterations from genes to ecosystems. The genetic characteristics of introduced pools of individuals greatly influence the capacity of introduced species to establish and expand. The recently demonstrated heritability of microbial communities associated to individual genotypes of primary producers makes them a potentially essential element of the evolution and adaptability of their hosts. Here, we characterized the bacterial communities associated to native and non-native populations of the marine green macroalga Caulerparacemosa through pyrosequencing, and explored their potential role on the strikingly invasive trajectory of their host in the Mediterranean. The similarity of endophytic bacterial communities from the native Australian range and several Mediterranean locations confirmed the origin of invasion and revealed distinct communities associated to a second Mediterranean variety of C. racemosa long reported in the Mediterranean. Comparative analysis of these two groups demonstrated the stability of the composition of bacterial communities through the successive steps of introduction and invasion and suggested the vertical transmission of some major bacterial OTUs. Indirect inferences on the taxonomic identity and associated metabolism of bacterial lineages showed a striking consistency with sediment upheaval conditions associated to the expansion of their invasive host and to the decline of native species. These results demonstrate that bacterial communities can be an effective tracer of the origin of invasion and support their potential role in their eukaryotic host’s adaptation to new environments. They put forward the critical need to consider the 'meta-organism' encompassing both the host and associated micro-organisms, to unravel the origins, causes and mechanisms underlying biological invasions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Aires
- Center for Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Ester A. Serrão
- Center for Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Gary Kendrick
- School of Plant Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Carlos M. Duarte
- School of Plant Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
- Department of Global Change Research, Institut Mediterráni d’Estudis Avançats, Esporles, Mallorca, Spain
| | - Sophie Arnaud-Haond
- Institut Français de Recherche pour l’Exploitation de la Mer - Technopole de Brest-Iroise, Plouzané, France
- * E-mail:
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35
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Kelaher BP, Bishop MJ, Potts J, Scanes P, Skilbeck G. Detrital diversity influences estuarine ecosystem performance. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2013; 19:1909-1918. [PMID: 23505131 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/16/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Global losses of seagrasses and mangroves, eutrophication-driven increases in ephemeral algae, and macrophyte invasions have impacted estuarine detrital resources. To understand the implications of these changes on benthic ecosystem processes, we tested the hypotheses that detrital source richness, mix identity, and biomass influence benthic primary production, metabolism, and nutrient fluxes. On an estuarine muddy sandflat, we manipulated the availability of eight detrital sources, including mangrove, seagrass, and invasive and native algal species that have undergone substantial changes in distribution. Mixes of these detrital sources were randomly assigned to one of 12 treatments and dried detrital material was added to seventy-two 0.25 m(2) plots (n = 6 plots). The treatments included combinations of either two or four detrital sources and high (60 g) or low (40 g) levels of enrichments. After 2 months, the dark, light, and net uptake of NH4 (+) , dissolved inorganic nitrogen, and the dark efflux of dissolved organic nitrogen were each significantly influenced by the identity of detrital mixes, rather than detrital source richness or biomass. However, gross and net primary productivity, average oxygen flux, and net NOX and dissolved inorganic phosphorous fluxes were significantly greater in treatments with low than with high detrital source richness. These results demonstrate that changes in detrital source richness and mix identity may be important drivers of estuarine ecosystem performance. Continued impacts to estuarine macrophytes may, therefore, further alter detritus-fueled productivity and processes in estuaries. Specific tests that address predicted future changes to detrital resources are required to determine the consequences of this significant environmental problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan P Kelaher
- National Marine Science Centre & Centre for Coastal Biogeochemistry Research, School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, PO Box 4321, Coffs Harbour, 2450, New South Wales, Australia.
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Gribben PE, Byers JE, Wright JT, Glasby TM. Positive versus negative effects of an invasive ecosystem engineer on different components of a marine ecosystem. OIKOS 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0706.2012.20868.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Byers JE, Gribben PE, Yeager C, Sotka EE. Impacts of an abundant introduced ecosystem engineer within mudflats of the southeastern US coast. Biol Invasions 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-012-0254-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Wright JT, Gribben PE, Byers JE, Monro K. Invasive ecosystem engineer selects for different phenotypes of an associated native species. Ecology 2012; 93:1262-8. [DOI: 10.1890/11-1740.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Quantifying levels of biological invasion: towards the objective classification of invaded and invasible ecosystems. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2012; 18:44-62. [PMCID: PMC3597249 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02549.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2011] [Accepted: 08/17/2011] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Biological invasions are a global phenomenon that threatens biodiversity, and few, if any, ecosystems are free from alien species. The outcome of human-mediated introductions is affected by the invasiveness of species and invasibility of ecosystems, but research has primarily focused on defining, characterizing and identifying invasive species; ecosystem invasibility has received much less attention. A prerequisite for characterizing invasibility is the ability to compare levels of invasion across ecosystems. In this paper, we aim to identify the best way to quantify the level of invasion by nonnative animals and plants by reviewing the advantages and disadvantages of different metrics. We explore how interpretation and choice of these measures can depend on the objective of a study or management intervention. Based on our review, we recommend two invasion indices and illustrate their use by applying them to two case studies. Relative alien species richness and relative alien species abundance indicate the contribution that alien species make to a community. They are easy to measure, can be applied to various taxa, are independent of scale and are comparable across regions and ecosystems, and historical data are often available. The relationship between relative alien richness and abundance can indicate the presence of dominant alien species and the trajectory of invasion over time, and can highlight ecosystems and sites that are heavily invaded or especially susceptible to invasion. Splitting species into functional groups and examining invasion patterns of transformer species may be particularly instructive for gauging effects of alien invasion on ecosystem structure and function. Establishing standard, transparent ways to define and quantify invasion level will facilitate meaningful comparisons among studies, ecosystem types and regions. It is essential for progress in ecology and will help guide ecosystem restoration and management.
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Woo S, Jeon HY, Kim SR, Yum S. Differentially displayed genes with oxygen depletion stress and transcriptional responses in the marine mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2011; 6:348-56. [PMID: 21849267 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2011.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2011] [Revised: 07/21/2011] [Accepted: 07/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxic events affecting aquatic environments have been reported worldwide and the hypoxia caused by eutrophication is considered one of the serious threats to coastal marine ecosystems. To investigate the molecular-level responses of marine organisms exposed to oxygen depletion stress and to explore the differentially expressed genes induced or repressed by hypoxia, differential display polymerase chain reaction (DD-PCR) was used with mRNAs from the marine mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis, under oxygen depletion and normal oxygen conditions. In total, 107 cDNA clones were differentially expressed under hypoxic conditions relative to the control mussel group. The differentially expressed genes were analyzed to determine the effects of hypoxia. They were classified into five functional categories: information storage and processing, cellular processes and signaling, metabolism, predicted general function only, and function unknown. The differentially expressed genes were predominantly associated with cellular processing and signaling, and they were particularly related to the signal transduction mechanism, posttranslational modification, and chaperone functions. The observed differences in the DD-PCR of 10 genes (encoding elongation factor 1 alpha, heat shock protein 90, calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, GTPase-activating protein, 18S ribosomal RNA, cytochrome oxidase subunit 1, ATP synthase, chitinase, phosphoglycerate/bisphosphoglycerate mutase family protein, and the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor) were confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR and their transcriptional changes in the mussels exposed to hypoxic conditions for 24-72 h were investigated. These results identify biomarker genes for hypoxic stress and provide molecular-level information about the effects of oxygen depletion on marine bivalves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seonock Woo
- South Sea Environment Research Department, Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute, Geoje 656-830, Republic of Korea
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Effects of Caulerpa racemosa invasion on soft-bottom assemblages in the Western Mediterranean Sea. Biol Invasions 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-011-9938-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Ransom TS. Earthworms, as ecosystem engineers, influence multiple aspects of a salamander's ecology. Oecologia 2010; 165:745-54. [PMID: 20848134 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-010-1775-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2010] [Accepted: 08/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Ecosystem engineers create habitat that can be used by other species in multiple ways, such as refugees from predators, places to breed, or areas with increased prey resources. I conducted a series of enclosure experiments to: (1) determine if salamanders use earthworm burrows, and (2) examine the potential influence of earthworm burrow use and indirect effects on salamander intra- and interspecific competition, predator avoidance, and seasonal performance. I found that one species of woodland salamander, Plethodon cinereus, used earthworm burrows 50% of the time when burrows were present. Neither adults nor juveniles of the congeneric P. glutinosus used earthworm burrows. Intraspecific, but not interspecific, competition by P. cinereus affected salamander behavior when earthworms were absent, with P. cinereus found under cover objects >70% of the time when alone or with a P. glutinosus, but only 40% of the time when with another P. cinereus. When earthworms were present, the behavior of P. cinereus was similar across salamander treatments. Earthworms decreased the amount of leaf litter and microinvertebrates, although this did not affect salamander mass. In subsequent experiments using only P. cinereus, the refuge provided by earthworm burrows increased the survival of P. cinereus over the winter and allowed P. cinereus to avoid being consumed by the common garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis). Because earthworm burrows provide a refuge for P. cinereus during intraspecific encounters, in the presence of a predator and over the winter, they may serve as an important belowground-aboveground linkage in eastern forests where salamanders are common.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tami S Ransom
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4328, USA.
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Wright JT, Byers JE, Koukoumaftsis LP, Ralph PJ, Gribben PE. Native species behaviour mitigates the impact of habitat-forming invasive seaweed. Oecologia 2010; 163:527-34. [DOI: 10.1007/s00442-010-1608-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2009] [Accepted: 03/05/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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