1
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Nicholson DJ, Knell RJ, McCrea RS, Neel LK, Curlis JD, Williams CE, Chung AK, McMillan WO, Garner TWJ, Cox CL, Logan ML. Climate anomalies and competition reduce establishment success during island colonization. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e9402. [PMID: 36248670 PMCID: PMC9547383 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the factors that facilitate or constrain establishment of populations in novel environments is crucial for conservation biology and the study of adaptive radiation. Important questions include: (1) Does the timing of colonization relative to stochastic events, such as climatic perturbations, impact the probability of successful establishment? (2) To what extent does community context (e.g., the presence of competitors) change the probability of establishment? (3) How do sources of intrapopulation variance, such as sex differences, affect success at an individual level during the process of establishment? Answers to these questions are rarely pursued in a field-experimental context or on the same time scales (months to years) as the processes of colonization and establishment. We introduced slender anole lizards (Anolis apletophallus) to eight islands in the Panama Canal and tracked them over multiple generations to investigate the factors that mediate establishment success. All islands were warmer than the mainland (ancestral) environment, and some islands had a native competitor. We transplanted half of these populations only 4 months before the onset of a severe regional drought and the other half 2 years (two generations) before the drought. We found that successful establishment depended on both the intensity of interspecific competition and the timing of colonization relative to the drought. The islands that were colonized shortly before the drought went functionally extinct by the second generation, and regardless of time before the drought, the populations on islands with interspecific competition declined continuously over the study period. Furthermore, the effect of the competitor interacted with sex, with males suffering, and females benefitting, from the presence of a native competitor. Our results reveal that community context and the timing of colonization relative to climactic events can combine to determine establishment success and that these factors can generate opposite effects on males and females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Nicholson
- Queen Mary University of LondonLondonUK,Smithsonian Tropical Research InstitutePanama CityPanama,Zoological Society of LondonLondonUK,University of Texas at ArlingtonArlingtonTexasUSA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Michael L. Logan
- Smithsonian Tropical Research InstitutePanama CityPanama,University of NevadaRenoNevadaUSA
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2
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Mauro AA, Shah AA, Martin PR, Ghalambor CK. An Integrative Perspective on the Mechanistic Basis of Context Dependent Species Interactions. Integr Comp Biol 2022; 62:164-178. [PMID: 35612972 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icac055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It has long been known that the outcome of species interactions depends on the environmental context in which they occur. Climate change research has sparked a renewed interest in context dependent species interactions because rapidly changing abiotic environments will cause species interactions to occur in novel contexts and researchers must incorporate this in their predictions of species' responses to climate change. Here we argue that predicting how the environment will alter the outcome of species interactions requires an integrative biology approach that focuses on the traits, mechanisms, and processes that bridge disciplines such as physiology, biomechanics, ecology, and evolutionary biology. Specifically, we advocate for quantifying how species differ in their tolerance and performance to both environmental challenges independent of species interactions, and in interactions with other species as a function of the environment. Such an approach increases our understanding of the mechanisms underlying outcomes of species interactions across different environmental contexts. This understanding will in turn help determine how the outcome of species interactions affects the relative abundance and distribution of the interacting species in nature. A general theme that emerges from this perspective is that species are unable to maintain high levels of performance across different environmental contexts because of trade-offs between physiological tolerance to environmental challenges and performance in species interactions. Thus, an integrative biology paradigm that focuses on the trade-offs across environments, the physiological mechanisms involved, and how the ecological context impacts the outcome of species interactions provides a stronger framework to understand why species interactions are context dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander A Mauro
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Alisha A Shah
- W.K. Kellogg Biological Station, Department of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, Hickory Corners, MI, USA
| | - Paul R Martin
- Department of Biology, Queens University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Cameron K Ghalambor
- Department of Biology, Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics (CBD), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523.,Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523
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3
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Dickey JWE, Coughlan NE, Dick JTA, Médoc V, McCard M, Leavitt PR, Lacroix G, Fiorini S, Millot A, Cuthbert RN. Breathing space: deoxygenation of aquatic environments can drive differential ecological impacts across biological invasion stages. Biol Invasions 2021; 23:2831-2847. [PMID: 34720687 PMCID: PMC8550720 DOI: 10.1007/s10530-021-02542-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The influence of climate change on the ecological impacts of invasive alien species (IAS) remains understudied, with deoxygenation of aquatic environments often-overlooked as a consequence of climate change. Here, we therefore assessed how oxygen saturation affects the ecological impact of a predatory invasive fish, the Ponto-Caspian round goby (Neogobius melanostomus), relative to a co-occurring endangered European native analogue, the bullhead (Cottus gobio) experiencing decline in the presence of the IAS. In individual trials and mesocosms, we assessed the effect of high, medium and low (90%, 60% and 30%) oxygen saturation on: (1) functional responses (FRs) of the IAS and native, i.e. per capita feeding rates; (2) the impact on prey populations exerted; and (3) how combined impacts of both fishes change over invasion stages (Pre-invasion, Arrival, Replacement, Proliferation). Both species showed Type II potentially destabilising FRs, but at low oxygen saturation, the invader had a significantly higher feeding rate than the native. Relative Impact Potential, combining fish per capita effects and population abundances, revealed that low oxygen saturation exacerbates the high relative impact of the invader. The Relative Total Impact Potential (RTIP), modelling both consumer species’ impacts on prey populations in a system, was consistently higher at low oxygen saturation and especially high during invader Proliferation. In the mesocosm experiment, low oxygen lowered RTIP where both species were present, but again the IAS retained high relative impact during Replacement and Proliferation stages at low oxygen. We also found evidence of multiple predator effects, principally antagonism. We highlight the threat posed to native communities by IAS alongside climate-related stressors, but note that solutions may be available to remedy hypoxia and potentially mitigate impacts across invasion stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W E Dickey
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, BT9 5DL Northern Ireland, UK.,Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), 12587 Berlin, Germany
| | - Neil E Coughlan
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, BT9 5DL Northern Ireland, UK.,School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Distillery Fields, North Mall, Cork, Ireland
| | - Jaimie T A Dick
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, BT9 5DL Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Vincent Médoc
- Equipe de Neuro-Ethologie Sensorielle (ENES), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), CNRS, INSERM, Université de Lyon/Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Monica McCard
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, BT9 5DL Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Peter R Leavitt
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, BT9 5DL Northern Ireland, UK.,Department of Biology, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2 Canada
| | - Gérard Lacroix
- iEES-Paris, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris (IRD, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INRA, UPEC, Université Paris Diderot), CC237 Paris, France.,Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Écologie Expérimentale et Prédictive (CEREEP-Ecotron Ile-De-France), UMS 3194, PSL Research University, Saint-Pierre-lès-Nemours, France
| | - Sarah Fiorini
- Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Écologie Expérimentale et Prédictive (CEREEP-Ecotron Ile-De-France), UMS 3194, PSL Research University, Saint-Pierre-lès-Nemours, France
| | - Alexis Millot
- Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Écologie Expérimentale et Prédictive (CEREEP-Ecotron Ile-De-France), UMS 3194, PSL Research University, Saint-Pierre-lès-Nemours, France
| | - Ross N Cuthbert
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, BT9 5DL Northern Ireland, UK.,GEOMAR, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
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4
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Dickey JWE, Cuthbert RN, Steffen GT, Dick JTA, Briski E. Sea freshening may drive the ecological impacts of emerging and existing invasive non‐native species. DIVERS DISTRIB 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- James W. E. Dickey
- Institute for Global Food Security School of Biological Sciences Queen’s University Belfast Belfast UK
| | - Ross N. Cuthbert
- Institute for Global Food Security School of Biological Sciences Queen’s University Belfast Belfast UK
- GEOMAR Helmholtz‐Zentrum für Ozeanforschung Kiel Kiel Germany
| | | | - Jaimie T. A. Dick
- Institute for Global Food Security School of Biological Sciences Queen’s University Belfast Belfast UK
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5
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Ficus microcarpa Bonsai “Tiger bark” Parasitized by the Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne javanica and the Spiral Nematode Helicotylenchus dihystera, a New Plant Host Record for Both Species. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9091085. [PMID: 32846993 PMCID: PMC7569956 DOI: 10.3390/plants9091085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In December 2017, a Ficus microcarpa “Tiger bark” bonsai tree was acquired in a shopping center in Coimbra, Portugal, without symptoms in the leaves, but showing small atypical galls of infection caused by root-knot nematodes (RKN), Meloidogyne spp. The soil nematode community was assessed and four Tylenchida genera were detected: Helicotylenchus (94.02%), Tylenchus s.l. (4.35%), Tylenchorynchus s.l. (1.09%) and Meloidogyne (0.54%). The RKN M. javanica was identified through analysis of esterase isoenzyme phenotype (J3), PCR-RFLP of mitochondrial DNA region between COII and 16S rRNA genes and SCAR-PCR. The Helicotylenchus species was identified on the basis of female morphology that showed the body being spirally curved, with up to two turns after relation with gentle heat, a key feature of H. dihystera, and molecular characterization, using the D2D3 expansion region of the 28S rDNA, which revealed a similarity of 99.99% with available sequences of the common spiral nematode H. dihystera. To our knowledge, M. javanica and H. dihystera are reported for the first time as parasitizing F. microcarpa. Our findings reveal that more inspections are required to detect these and other plant-parasitic nematodes, mainly with quarantine status, to prevent their spread if found.
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6
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Cox CL, Alexander S, Casement B, Chung AK, Curlis JD, Degon Z, Dubois M, Falvey C, Graham ZA, Folfas E, Gallegos Koyner MA, Neel LK, Nicholson DJ, Perez DJP, Ortiz-Ross X, Rosso AA, Taylor Q, Thurman TJ, Williams CE, McMillan WO, Logan ML. Ectoparasite extinction in simplified lizard assemblages during experimental island invasion. Biol Lett 2020; 16:20200474. [PMID: 32750271 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2020.0474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduced species can become invasive, damaging ecosystems and disrupting economies through explosive population growth. One mechanism underlying population expansion in invasive populations is 'enemy release', whereby the invader experiences relaxation of agonistic interactions with other species, including parasites. However, direct observational evidence of release from parasitism during invasion is rare. We mimicked the early stages of invasion by experimentally translocating populations of mite-parasitized slender anole lizards (Anolis apletophallus) to islands that varied in the number of native anoles. Two islands were anole-free prior to the introduction, whereas a third island had a resident population of Gaige's anole (Anolis gaigei). We then characterized changes in trombiculid mite parasitism over multiple generations post-introduction. We found that mites rapidly went extinct on one-species islands, but that lizards introduced to the two-species island retained mites. After three generations, the two-species island had the highest total density and biomass of lizards, but the lowest density of the introduced species, implying that the 'invasion' had been less successful. This field-transplant study suggests that native species can be 'enemy reservoirs' that facilitate co-colonization of ectoparasites with the invasive host. Broadly, these results indicate that the presence of intact and diverse native communities may help to curb invasiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian L Cox
- Institute for the Environment, Florida International University Miami, FL 33199, USA.,Department of Biology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA 30458, USA
| | - Sean Alexander
- Department of Biology, Rutgers University-Camden, Camden, NJ 08102, USA
| | - Brianna Casement
- Department of Biology, Heidelberg University, Tiffin, OH 44883, USA
| | - Albert K Chung
- Department of Biology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA 30458, USA.,Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - John David Curlis
- Department of Biology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA 30458, USA.,Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Zachariah Degon
- Department of Biology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA 30458, USA
| | - Madeline Dubois
- College of Science, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Cleo Falvey
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Zackary A Graham
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
| | - Edita Folfas
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 3B2
| | | | - Lauren K Neel
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
| | | | | | - Xochitl Ortiz-Ross
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,Biology, College of the Atlantic, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
| | - Adam A Rosso
- Department of Biology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA 30458, USA
| | - Quinn Taylor
- Department of Biology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA 30458, USA
| | - Timothy J Thurman
- Department of Wildlife Biology, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA.,Smithsonian Tropical Research Institution, Balboa Ancón, 0843-03092 Panama, Republic of Panama.,Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3A 0G4
| | | | - W Owen McMillan
- Institute for the Environment, Florida International University Miami, FL 33199, USA.,Smithsonian Tropical Research Institution, Balboa Ancón, 0843-03092 Panama, Republic of Panama
| | - Michael L Logan
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institution, Balboa Ancón, 0843-03092 Panama, Republic of Panama.,Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA
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7
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Herren CM. Disruption of cross-feeding interactions by invading taxa can cause invasional meltdown in microbial communities. Proc Biol Sci 2020; 287:20192945. [PMID: 32396806 PMCID: PMC7287355 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2019.2945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The strength of biotic interactions within an ecological community affects the susceptibility of the community to invasion by introduced taxa. In microbial communities, cross-feeding is a widespread type of biotic interaction that has the potential to affect community assembly and stability. Yet, there is little understanding of how the presence of cross-feeding within a community affects invasion risk. Here, I develop a metabolite-explicit model where native microbial taxa interact through both cross-feeding and competition for metabolites. I use this model to study how the strength of biotic interactions, especially cross-feeding, influence whether an introduced taxon can join the community. I found that stronger cross-feeding and competition led to much lower invasion risk, as both types of biotic interactions lead to greater metabolite scarcity for the invader. I also evaluated the impact of a successful invader on community composition and structure. The effect of invaders on the native community was greatest at intermediate levels of cross-feeding; at this ‘critical’ level of cross-feeding, successful invaders generally cause decreased diversity, decreased productivity, greater metabolite availability, and decreased quantities of metabolites exchanged among taxa. Furthermore, these changes resulting from a successful primary invader made communities further susceptible to future invaders. The increase in invasion risk was greatest when the network of metabolite exchange between taxa was minimally redundant. Thus, this model demonstrates a case of invasional meltdown that is mediated by initial invaders disrupting the metabolite exchange networks of the native community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina M Herren
- Harvard Data Science Initiative, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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8
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Yeruham E, Shpigel M, Abelson A, Rilov G. Ocean warming and tropical invaders erode the performance of a key herbivore. Ecology 2019; 101:e02925. [DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Yeruham
- Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research National Institute of Oceanography P.O. Box 8030 Haifa 31080 Israel
- Marine Biology Department Charney School of Marine Science University of Haifa Haifa 3498838 Israel
| | - M. Shpigel
- The Interuniversity Institute for Marine Sciences in Eilat P.O. Box 469 Eilat 88103 Israel
- Morris Kahn Marine Research Station Department of Marine Biology Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences University of Haifa Haifa 3498838 Israel
| | - A. Abelson
- School of Zoology The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv 69978 Israel
| | - G. Rilov
- Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research National Institute of Oceanography P.O. Box 8030 Haifa 31080 Israel
- Marine Biology Department Charney School of Marine Science University of Haifa Haifa 3498838 Israel
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9
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King GE, Howeth JG. Propagule pressure and native community connectivity interact to influence invasion success in metacommunities. OIKOS 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.06354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle E. King
- Dept of Biological Sciences, Univ. of Alabama, 1106 Bevill Building, Box 870344 Tuscaloosa AL 35487 USA
| | - Jennifer G. Howeth
- Dept of Biological Sciences, Univ. of Alabama, 1106 Bevill Building, Box 870344 Tuscaloosa AL 35487 USA
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10
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Stephens KL, Dantzler‐Kyer ME, Patten MA, Souza L. Differential responses to global change of aquatic and terrestrial invasive species: evidences from a meta‐analysis. Ecosphere 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kambridge L. Stephens
- Oklahoma Biological Survey University of Oklahoma Norman Oklahoma 73019 USA
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology University of Oklahoma Norman Oklahoma 73019 USA
| | - Maryanne E. Dantzler‐Kyer
- Oklahoma Biological Survey University of Oklahoma Norman Oklahoma 73019 USA
- Department of Biology University of Oklahoma Norman Oklahoma 73019 USA
| | - Michael A. Patten
- Oklahoma Biological Survey University of Oklahoma Norman Oklahoma 73019 USA
- Department of Biology University of Oklahoma Norman Oklahoma 73019 USA
| | - Lara Souza
- Oklahoma Biological Survey University of Oklahoma Norman Oklahoma 73019 USA
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology University of Oklahoma Norman Oklahoma 73019 USA
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11
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Mu X, Xu M, Ricciardi A, Dick JTA, Luo D, Wei H, Hu Y, Wei Q. The influence of warming on the biogeographic and phylogenetic dependence of herbivore-plant interactions. Ecol Evol 2019; 9:2231-2241. [PMID: 30847107 PMCID: PMC6392400 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Evolutionary experience and the phylogenetic relationships of plants have both been proposed to influence herbivore-plant interactions and plant invasion success. However, the direction and magnitude of these effects, and how such patterns are altered with increasing temperature, are rarely studied. Through laboratory functional response experiments, we tested whether the per capita feeding efficiency of an invasive generalist herbivore, the golden apple snail, Pomacea canaliculata, is dependent on the biogeographic origin and phylogenetic relatedness of host plants, and how increasing temperature alters these dependencies. The feeding efficiency of the herbivore was highest on plant species with which it had no shared evolutionary history, that is, novel plants. Further, among evolutionarily familiar plants, snail feeding efficiency was higher on those species more closely related to the novel plants. However, these biogeographic dependencies became less pronounced with increasing temperature, whereas the phylogenetic dependence was unaffected. Collectively, our findings indicate that the susceptibility of plants to this invasive herbivore is mediated by both biogeographic origin and phylogenetic relatedness. We hypothesize that warming erodes the influence of evolutionary exposure, thereby altering herbivore-plant interactions and perhaps the invasion success of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xidong Mu
- College of FisheriesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Recreational FisheriesMinistry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Advanced Recreational FisheriesGuangzhouChina
| | - Meng Xu
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Recreational FisheriesMinistry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Advanced Recreational FisheriesGuangzhouChina
| | | | - Jaimie T. A. Dick
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological SciencesQueen's University BelfastBelfastUK
| | - Du Luo
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Recreational FisheriesMinistry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Advanced Recreational FisheriesGuangzhouChina
| | - Hui Wei
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Recreational FisheriesMinistry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Advanced Recreational FisheriesGuangzhouChina
| | - Yinchang Hu
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Recreational FisheriesMinistry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Advanced Recreational FisheriesGuangzhouChina
| | - Qiwei Wei
- College of FisheriesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Yangtze River Fisheries Research InstituteChinese Academy of Fishery SciencesWuhanChina
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12
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Searle CL, Hochstedler BR, Merrick AM, Ilmain JK, Wigren MA. High resources and infectious disease facilitate invasion by a freshwater crustacean. Oecologia 2018; 188:571-581. [PMID: 30088085 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-018-4237-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
It is well-established that both resources and infectious disease can influence species invasions, but little is known regarding interactive effects of these two factors. We performed a series of experiments to understand how resources and parasites can jointly affect the ability of a freshwater invasive zooplankton to establish in a population of a native zooplankton. In a life history trial, we found that both species increased offspring production to the same degree as algal resources increased, suggesting that changes in resources would have similar effects on both species. In a microcosm experiment simulating an invasion, we found that the invasive species reached its highest densities when there was a combination of both high resources and the presence of a shared parasite, but not for each of these conditions alone (i.e., a significant resource x parasite interaction). This result can be explained by changes in native host population density; high resource levels initially led to an increase in the density of the native host, which caused larger epidemics when the parasite was present. This high infection prevalence caused a subsequent reduction in native host density, increasing available resources and allowing the invasive species to establish relatively dense populations. Thus, in this system, native communities with a combination of high resource levels and parasitism may be the most vulnerable to invasions. More generally, our results suggest that parasitism and resource availability can have interactive, non-additive effects on the outcome of invasions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine L Searle
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, 915 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
| | - Baylie R Hochstedler
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, 915 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Abigail M Merrick
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, 915 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Juliana K Ilmain
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, 915 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Maggie A Wigren
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, 915 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
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13
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Temperature mediates the impact of non-native rainbow trout on native freshwater fishes in South Africa’s Cape Fold Ecoregion. Biol Invasions 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-018-1747-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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14
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Welshofer KB, Zarnetske PL, Lany NK, Read QD. Short-term responses to warming vary between native vs. exotic species and with latitude in an early successional plant community. Oecologia 2018; 187:333-342. [PMID: 29550949 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-018-4111-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Climate change is expected to favor exotic plant species over native species, because exotics tend to have wider climatic tolerances and greater phenological plasticity, and also because climate change may intensify enemy release. Here, we examine direct effects of warming (+ 1.8 °C above ambient) on plant abundance and phenology, as well as indirect effects of warming propagated through herbivores, in two heavily invaded plant communities in Michigan, USA, separated by approximately three degrees latitude. At the northern site, warming increased exotic plant abundance by 19% but decreased native plant abundance by 31%, indicating that exotic species may be favored in a warmer world. Warming also resulted in earlier spring green-up (1.65 ± 0.77 days), earlier flowering (2.18 ± 0.92 days), and greater damage by herbivores (twofold increase), affecting exotic and native species equally. Contrary to expectations, native and exotic plants experienced similar amounts of herbivory. Warming did not have strong ecological effects at the southern site, only resulting in a delay of flowering time by 2.42 ± 0.83 days for both native and exotic species. Consistent with the enemy release hypothesis, exotic plants experienced less herbivory than native plants at the southern site. Herbivory was lower under warming for both exotic and native species at the southern site. Thus, climate warming may favor exotic over native plant species, but the response is likely to depend on additional environmental and individual species' traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kileigh B Welshofer
- Department of Forestry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA. .,Ecology, Evolutionary Biology, and Behavior Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
| | - Phoebe L Zarnetske
- Department of Forestry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.,Ecology, Evolutionary Biology, and Behavior Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.,Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Nina K Lany
- Department of Forestry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.,Ecology, Evolutionary Biology, and Behavior Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Quentin D Read
- Department of Forestry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.,Ecology, Evolutionary Biology, and Behavior Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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15
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Fey SB, Wieczynski DJ. The temporal structure of the environment may influence range expansions during climate warming. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2017; 23:635-645. [PMID: 27541293 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the processes that influence range expansions during climate warming is paramount for predicting population extirpations and preparing for the arrival of non-native species. While climate warming occurs over a background of variation due to cyclical processes and irregular events, the temporal structure of the thermal environment is largely ignored when forecasting the dynamics of non-native species. Ecological theory predicts that high levels of temporal autocorrelation in the environment - relatedness between conditions occurring in close temporal proximity - will favor populations that would otherwise have an average negative growth rate by increasing the duration of favorable environmental periods. Here, we invoke such theory to explain the success of biological invasions and evaluate the hypothesis that sustained periods of high environmental temperature can act synergistically with increases in mean temperature to favor the establishment of non-native species. We conduct a 60-day field mesocosm experiment to measure the population dynamics of the non-native cladoceran zooplankter Daphnia lumholtzi and a native congener Daphnia pulex in ambient temperature environments (control), warmed with recurrent periods of high environmental temperatures (uncorrelated-warmed), or warmed with sustained periods of high environmental temperatures (autocorrelated-warmed), such that both warmed treatments exhibited the same mean temperature but exhibited different temporal structures of their thermal environments. Maximum D. lumholtzi densities in the warmed-autocorrelated treatment were threefold and eightfold higher relative to warmed-uncorrelated and control treatments, respectively. Yet, D. lumholtzi performed poorly across all experimental treatment(s) relative to D. pulex and were undetectable (by) the end of the experiment. Using mathematical models, we show that this increase in performance can occur alongside increasing temporal autocorrelation and should occur over a broad range of warming scenarios. These results provide both empirical and theoretical evidence that the temporal structure of the environment can influence the performance of species undergoing range expansions due to climate warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel B Fey
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, 165 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Daniel J Wieczynski
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, 165 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
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16
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Lu X, Siemann E, He M, Wei H, Shao X, Ding J. Warming benefits a native species competing with an invasive congener in the presence of a biocontrol beetle. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2016; 211:1371-1381. [PMID: 27094757 DOI: 10.1111/nph.13976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Climate warming may affect biological invasions by altering competition between native and non-native species, but these effects may depend on biotic interactions. In field surveys at 33 sites in China along a latitudinal and temperature gradient from 21°N to 30.5°N and a 2-yr field experiment at 30.5°N, we tested the role of the biocontrol beetle Agasicles hygrophila in mediating warming effects on competition between the invasive plant Alternanthera philoxeroides and the native plant Alternanthera sessilis. In surveys, native populations were perennial below 25.8°N but only annual populations were found above 26.5°N where the invader dominated the community. Beetles were present throughout the gradient. Experimental warming (+ 1.8°C) increased native plant performance directly by shifting its lifecycle from annual to perennial, and indirectly by releasing the native from competition via disproportionate increases in herbivory on the invader. Consequently, warming shifted the plant community from invader-dominated to native-dominated but only in the presence of the beetle. Our results show that herbivores can play a critical role in determining warming effects on plant communities and species invasions. Understanding how biotic interactions shape responses of communities to climate change is crucial for predicting the risk of plant invasions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution & Ecological Restoration, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Evan Siemann
- Department of Biosciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Minyan He
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution & Ecological Restoration, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Hui Wei
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Xu Shao
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Jianqing Ding
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution & Ecological Restoration, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
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Culler LE, Ayres MP, Virginia RA. In a warmer Arctic, mosquitoes avoid increased mortality from predators by growing faster. Proc Biol Sci 2016; 282:rspb.2015.1549. [PMID: 26378217 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2015.1549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Climate change is altering environmental temperature, a factor that influences ectothermic organisms by controlling rates of physiological processes. Demographic effects of warming, however, are determined by the expression of these physiological effects through predator-prey and other species interactions. Using field observations and controlled experiments, we measured how increasing temperatures in the Arctic affected development rates and mortality rates (from predation) of immature Arctic mosquitoes in western Greenland. We then developed and parametrized a demographic model to evaluate how temperature affects survival of mosquitoes from the immature to the adult stage. Our studies showed that warming increased development rate of immature mosquitoes (Q10 = 2.8) but also increased daily mortality from increased predation rates by a dytiscid beetle (Q10 = 1.2-1.5). Despite increased daily mortality, the model indicated that faster development and fewer days exposed to predators resulted in an increased probability of mosquito survival to the adult stage. Warming also advanced mosquito phenology, bringing mosquitoes into phenological synchrony with caribou. Increases in biting pests will have negative consequences for caribou and their role as a subsistence resource for local communities. Generalizable frameworks that account for multiple effects of temperature are needed to understand how climate change impacts coupled human-natural systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E Culler
- The Dickey Center for International Understanding, Institute of Arctic Studies, Dartmouth College, 6214 Haldeman Center Hanover, NH 03755-3563, USA Environmental Studies, Dartmouth College, 113 Steele Hall Hanover, NH 03755-3563, USA Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, 78 College Street, Hanover, NH 03755-3563, USA
| | - Matthew P Ayres
- The Dickey Center for International Understanding, Institute of Arctic Studies, Dartmouth College, 6214 Haldeman Center Hanover, NH 03755-3563, USA Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, 78 College Street, Hanover, NH 03755-3563, USA
| | - Ross A Virginia
- The Dickey Center for International Understanding, Institute of Arctic Studies, Dartmouth College, 6214 Haldeman Center Hanover, NH 03755-3563, USA Environmental Studies, Dartmouth College, 113 Steele Hall Hanover, NH 03755-3563, USA
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Zhang C, Jansen M, De Meester L, Stoks R. Energy storage and fecundity explain deviations from ecological stoichiometry predictions under global warming and size-selective predation. J Anim Ecol 2016; 85:1431-1441. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation; KU Leuven; Deberiotstraat 32 B-3000 Leuven Belgium
| | - Mieke Jansen
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation; KU Leuven; Deberiotstraat 32 B-3000 Leuven Belgium
| | - Luc De Meester
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation; KU Leuven; Deberiotstraat 32 B-3000 Leuven Belgium
| | - Robby Stoks
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation; KU Leuven; Deberiotstraat 32 B-3000 Leuven Belgium
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Schoen ER, Beauchamp DA, Buettner AR, Overman NC. Temperature and depth mediate resource competition and apparent competition between Mysis diluviana and kokanee. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2015; 25:1962-75. [PMID: 26591461 DOI: 10.1890/14-1822.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In many food webs, species in similar trophic positions can interact either by competing for resources or boosting shared predators (apparent competition), but little is known about how the relative strengths of these interactions vary across environmental gradients. Introduced Mysis diluviana shrimp interact with planktivorous fishes such as kokanee salmon (lacustrine Oncorhynchus nerka) through both of these pathways, and effective management depends on understanding which interaction is more limiting under different conditions. An "environmental matching" hypothesis predicts the ecological impacts of Mysis are maximized under cool conditions near its thermal optimum. In addition, we hypothesized Mysis is more vulnerable to predation by lake trout in relatively shallow waters, and therefore Mysis enhances lake trout density and limits kokanee through apparent competition more strongly in shallower habitats. We tested whether these hypotheses could explain food web differences between two connected lake basins, one relatively shallow and the other extremely deep. The shallower basin warmed faster, thermally excluded Mysis from surface waters for 75% longer, and supported 2.5-18 times greater seasonal production of cladoceran zooplankton than the deeper basin, standardized by surface area. Mysis consumed 14-22% less zooplankton in the shallower basin, and lower ratios of total planktivore consumption to zooplankton production (C:P) indicated less potential for resource competition with kokanee, consistent with environmental matching. Lake trout diets contained more Mysis in the shallower basin and at shallower sampling sites within both basins. The catch rate of lake trout was seven times greater and the predation risk for kokanee was 4-5 times greater in the shallower basin than in the deeper basin, consistent with stronger apparent competition in shallower habitats. Understanding how the strengths of these interactions are mediated by temperature and depth would enable managers to select appropriate strategies to address the unique combinations of conditions in hundreds of affected systems.
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