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Melamed DM, Botting J, Lofthouse K, Pass L, Meiser-Stedman R. The Relationship Between Negative Self-Concept, Trauma, and Maltreatment in Children and Adolescents: A Meta-Analysis. Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev 2024; 27:220-234. [PMID: 38386241 PMCID: PMC10920440 DOI: 10.1007/s10567-024-00472-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Experiencing trauma in childhood is a global public health issue linked to worse physical and mental health outcomes, including Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Self-concept is a transdiagnostic concept linked to various psychopathologies and understanding its unique relationship to trauma is important. This meta-analysis aimed to understand the size of the effect between trauma and maltreatment and self-concept in children and adolescents. The current meta-analysis searched PubMed, PILOTS, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases. Inclusion criteria involved studies with defined trauma exposure, valid measures of self-concept, and participants' mean age under 18 years old. One-hundred-and-thirty-four studies were included in the meta-analysis (N = 255,334). A random-effects meta-analysis was performed. A small negative relationship was observed between trauma exposure and self-concept (r = - 0.20, 95% CI - 0.22, - 0.18). This relationship was significantly moderated by some variables (type and nature of trauma exposure) but not others (participant gender, type of self-concept measure, quality of studies, country economic status). A small relationship between trauma exposure and negative self-concept in children and adolescents was detected, with repeated trauma exposure and type of trauma exposure moderating this relationship. This provides important directions for clinical practice around providing support for those exposed or most vulnerable to experiencing trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela M Melamed
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychological Therapies, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Jessica Botting
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychological Therapies, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Katie Lofthouse
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychological Therapies, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Laura Pass
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychological Therapies, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Richard Meiser-Stedman
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychological Therapies, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk, NR4 7TJ, UK.
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Yu T, Hu J, Zhang W, Zhang L, Zhao J. Psychological maltreatment and depression symptoms among Chinese adolescents: A multiple mediation model. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2022; 134:105940. [PMID: 36368166 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2022.105940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescents are at risk of depression, and recent studies also found a high prevalence of depression among Chinese adolescents. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the risk and protective factors of depression among Chinese adolescents. OBJECTIVE This study examined the direct effect of psychological maltreatment on depression symptoms in adolescents and the mediating roles of emotion regulation and social support in their relationship. METHOD Data were collected from Chinese senior high school students (N = 687, 36.5 % males and 63.5 % females, Mage = 16.44 years, SD = 0.78) who completed the measures of psychological maltreatment, depression symptoms, perceived social support, and emotion regulation strategies, including cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression. RESULTS The results indicated that: (a) psychological maltreatment was positively correlated with depression symptoms; (b) the two emotion regulation strategies and perceived social support partially mediated the link between psychological maltreatment and depression symptoms separately; (c) the two emotion regulation strategies and perceived social support partially mediated the link between psychological maltreatment and depression symptoms in a sequential pattern. CONCLUSION Psychological maltreatment was positively associated with depression symptoms in adolescents. Emotion regulation and perceived social support both significantly mediated the relationship between psychological maltreatment and depression symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengxu Yu
- Department of Psychology, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian city 116029, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jinsheng Hu
- Department of Psychology, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian city 116029, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian city 116029, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Longfei Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian city 116029, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jiayin Zhao
- Department of Psychology, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian city 116029, Liaoning Province, China
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Mwiti GK. Traumatic exposure, posttraumatic stress, social support, and religious participation among adult supervisors of the Nairobi USA embassy bombing. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF TRAUMA & DISSOCIATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejtd.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Jankowiak B, Jaskulska S, Sanz-Barbero B, Ayala A, Pyżalski J, Bowes N, De Claire K, Neves S, Topa J, Rodríguez-Blázquez C, Davó-Blanes MC, Rosati N, Cinque M, Mocanu V, Ioan B, Chmura-Rutkowska I, Waszyńska K, Vives-Cases C. The Role of School Social Support and School Social Climate in Dating Violence Victimization Prevention among Adolescents in Europe. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17238935. [PMID: 33271817 PMCID: PMC7729437 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17238935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the article is to show the role of school social support and school social climate in dating violence victimization prevention among adolescents in Europe. Study participants were students from secondary schools (age 13-16) in Spain, Italy, Romania, Portugal, Poland and UK. The analysis in this text concern student with dating experience (n = 993) (57.2% of girls and 66.5% of boys). School social support was measured by School Social Climate, Factor 1 Scale (CECSCE) and by Student Social Support Scale (CASSS), subscales teachers and classmates. The association between school social support and different types of dating victimization (physical and/or sexual dating violence, control dating violence and fear) was measured by calculating the prevalence ratios and their 95% confidence intervals, estimated by Poisson regression models with robust variance. All the models were adjusted by country and by sociodemographic variables. The results show that the average values of all types of social support are significantly lower in young people who have suffered any type of dating violence or were scared of their partner. The likelihood of suffering physical and/or sexual dating violence decreased when school social support increased [PR (CI 95%): 0.96 (0.92; 0.99)]. In the same way, the likelihood of fear decreased when school social climate increased [PR (CI 95%): 0.98 (0.96; 0.99)].There is an association between school social support and school social climate and experiences of being victim of dating violence among adolescents in Europe. Our results suggest that in the prevention of dating violence building a supportive climate at schools and building/using the support of peers and teachers is important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Jankowiak
- Faculty of Educational Studies, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-712 Poznan, Poland; (B.J.); (S.J.); (J.P.); (I.C.-R.); (K.W.)
| | - Sylwia Jaskulska
- Faculty of Educational Studies, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-712 Poznan, Poland; (B.J.); (S.J.); (J.P.); (I.C.-R.); (K.W.)
| | - Belén Sanz-Barbero
- National School of Public Health, Carlos III Institute of Health, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence:
| | - Alba Ayala
- University Institute on Gender Studies, University Carlos III of Madrid & Research Network on Health Services for Chronic Diseases (REDISSEC), 28903 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Jacek Pyżalski
- Faculty of Educational Studies, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-712 Poznan, Poland; (B.J.); (S.J.); (J.P.); (I.C.-R.); (K.W.)
| | - Nicola Bowes
- Department of Applied Psychology, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff CF52YB, UK; (N.B.); (K.D.C.)
| | - Karen De Claire
- Department of Applied Psychology, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff CF52YB, UK; (N.B.); (K.D.C.)
| | - Sofia Neves
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Institute University of Maia, 4475-690 Maia, Portugal; (S.N.); (J.T.)
- CIEG (ISCSP-ULisbon), 1300-663 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Joana Topa
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Institute University of Maia, 4475-690 Maia, Portugal; (S.N.); (J.T.)
- CIEG (ISCSP-ULisbon), 1300-663 Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - María Carmen Davó-Blanes
- Department of Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine and Public Health and History of Science, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain;
| | - Nicoletta Rosati
- Department of Human Sciences, LUMSA University, 00193 Roma, Italy; (N.R.); (M.C.)
| | - María Cinque
- Department of Human Sciences, LUMSA University, 00193 Roma, Italy; (N.R.); (M.C.)
| | - Veronica Mocanu
- Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (V.M.); (B.I.)
| | - Beatrice Ioan
- Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (V.M.); (B.I.)
| | - Iwona Chmura-Rutkowska
- Faculty of Educational Studies, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-712 Poznan, Poland; (B.J.); (S.J.); (J.P.); (I.C.-R.); (K.W.)
| | - Katarzyna Waszyńska
- Faculty of Educational Studies, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-712 Poznan, Poland; (B.J.); (S.J.); (J.P.); (I.C.-R.); (K.W.)
| | - Carmen Vives-Cases
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine and Public Health and History of Science, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain;
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Protective Mechanisms for Depression among Racial/Ethnic Minority Youth: Empirical Findings, Issues, and Recommendations. Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev 2016; 18:346-69. [PMID: 26374228 DOI: 10.1007/s10567-015-0188-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
We (1) review empirical studies that report findings regarding putative protective mechanisms when exposed to risk of depression in African American and Hispanic adolescents; (2) identify key protective mechanisms for different risk contexts that garner empirical support; (3) synthesize the mechanisms identified as protective against depression among racial/ethnic minority adolescents; and (4) discuss improved methods for advancing understanding of resilience against depression in minority youth. The studies were selected from PsycINFO searches that met the following inclusion criteria: participants between 12 and 21 years of age, inclusions of racial/ethnic minority members, examining protection through an interaction with a risk factor, and outcome measures of depression, depressed mood, or depressive symptomatology. We found 39 eligible studies; 13 of which included multiple racial/ethnic groups. The following were supported as protective mechanisms, at least preliminarily, for at least one racial/ethnic group and in at least one risk context: employment, extracurricular activities, father-adolescent closeness, familism, maternal support, attending predominately minority schools, neighborhood composition, non-parent support, parental inductive reasoning, religiosity, self-esteem, social activities, and positive early teacher relationships. To investigate protective mechanisms more comprehensively and accurately across individual, social, and community levels of influence, we recommend incorporating multilevel modeling or multilevel growth curve analyses and large diverse samples.
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Zapolski TCB, Fisher S, Hsu WW, Barnes J. What can parents do? Examining the role of parental support on the negative relationship between racial discrimination, depression, and drug use among African American youth. Clin Psychol Sci 2016; 4:718-731. [PMID: 27747140 DOI: 10.1177/2167702616646371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
African American youth who experience racial discrimination are at heightened risk to use drugs as a coping response to distress. Based on the buffer-stress hypothesis, we proposed that parental support would attenuate this effect. Participants were 1,521 African American youth between 4th and 12th grade. As hypothesized, a mediation pathway was observed between racial discrimination, depression symptoms, and drug use. This effect was observed for both genders, although the pathway was partially mediated for males. Additionally, as hypothesized, parental support buffered the negative effect of depression symptomatology on drug use as a consequence of discrimination. Our findings highlight the impact racial discrimination has on health outcomes for African American youth and the importance of managing youth's emotional responses to discrimination. Moreover, findings illuminate the protective role of supportive parenting within the risk model and should thus be considered as an important component within prevention programming for this population of youth.
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Shorey RC, Tirone V, Stuart GL. Coordinated Community Response Components for Victims of Intimate Partner Violence: A Review of the Literature. AGGRESSION AND VIOLENT BEHAVIOR 2014; 19:363-371. [PMID: 25089115 PMCID: PMC4113829 DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2014.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Intimate partner violence (IPV) against women is a serious problem throughout the world. Each year a substantial number of women experience psychological, physical, and sexual aggression from an intimate partner, with many women experiencing serious mental and physical health outcomes as a result of their victimization. A number of services are available to women who sustain IPV (e.g., shelters, advocacy, legal protection), and the combination of these services has been termed a Coordinated Community Response (CCR) to IPV. The purpose of the present manuscript is to review the individual components of CCRs for IPV victims, examine the extant literature on a number of the individual CCR components, and suggest directions for future research on CCRs for IPV victims. Our review demonstrates that there is a significant lack of research on various CCR components, that research on the integration of CCR services is limited, and that theoretical guidance for CCR programs is almost non-existent. Directions for improving research on CCR components are suggested.
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Hertzog JL, Rowley RL. My beliefs of my peers' beliefs: exploring the gendered nature of social norms in adolescent romantic relationships. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2014; 29:348-68. [PMID: 24144721 DOI: 10.1177/0886260513505145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Dating violence in adolescent relationships is a growing social problem in the United States. A majority of adolescents have dated by the time they finish high school and these experiences have an impact on their relationship trajectories as adults. Although more and more prevention efforts are aimed at reducing teen dating violence and/or teaching adolescents about healthy relationships, very few of these efforts investigate discrepancies in descriptive and injunctive norms associated with adolescent dating. This pilot study adds to the existing literature by investigating the dating norms of early and mid-adolescents to aid in tailoring prevention efforts among this population. One hundred eighty-seven middle and high school student leaders from public schools in the Midwest completed an annual relationship survey. Findings suggest that participants did not support unhealthy relationship norms overall. However, two patterns of discrepancies emerged: one between participant attitudes (descriptive norms) and their perceptions of peer attitudes (injunctive norms), and another between perceptions participants hold about their male versus female peers' beliefs. Results imply the development of pluralistic ignorance occurs during adolescence and that perceptions of peer norms are in line with the principles of hegemonic masculinity. Implications for possible prevention initiatives and future research directions are noted.
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Harper GW, Timmons A, Motley DN, Tyler DH, Catania JA, Boyer CB, Dolcini MM. "It Takes a Village:" Familial Messages Regarding Dating Among African American Adolescents. RESEARCH IN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT 2012; 9:29-53. [PMID: 23028256 DOI: 10.1080/15427609.2012.654431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
There is a dearth of research regarding the influence of family members on adolescent dating. This study explored messages that African American adolescents received from family members regarding dating attitudes, norms and behaviors. Qualitative interviews were conducted with sexually experienced urban African American heterosexual adolescents (N = 51) between the ages of 15-17. Analyses revealed that participants received a diversity of messages from a range of both nuclear and extended family members, and that these messages were organized around three temporal phases of dating: initiation, maintenance, and termination. Types and sources of messages are discussed, as well as implications for intervention development.
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Akers AY, Yonas M, Burke J, Chang JC. "Do you want somebody treating your sister like that?": qualitative exploration of how African American families discuss and promote healthy teen dating relationships. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2011; 26:2165-85. [PMID: 20889536 PMCID: PMC3182482 DOI: 10.1177/0886260510383028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The article discusses a study conducted between December 2007 and March 2008 that involved 19 gender-stratified focus groups with African American parents and adolescents from Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, to explore the process and content of parent-adolescent communication about sex. Discussions about intimate partner violence (IPV) and healthy relationships emerge inductively as critical topics in these conversations. The authors use a grounded theory approach to content analysis to identify and organize themes related to discussions on these topics. A total of 125 participants from 52 families are recruited for the study. Family history of child sexual abuse often motivates discussions. Mothers are described as the primary parent discussing sexual issues with children. Fathers primarily role model ideal male partnership behavior for sons and daughters. Parents seek to prevent daughters from experiencing sexual abuse or emotional manipulation by partners and focus on instilling a sense of responsibility to and respect for romantic partners in sons. Parents prioritize and express the need for tools to influence their adolescent's socialization as romantic partners. Mothers and fathers approach this process differently. Family-focused interventions to prevent unhealthy relationships can build on parent's efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aletha Y Akers
- Division of Gynecologic Specialties,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Magee-Womens Hospital,300 Halket Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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McMahon SD, Felix ED, Nagarajan T. Social Support and Neighborhood Stressors Among African American Youth: Networks and Relations to Self-Worth. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND FAMILY STUDIES 2011; 20:255-262. [PMID: 21654916 PMCID: PMC3087099 DOI: 10.1007/s10826-010-9386-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Although neighborhood stressors have a negative impact on youth, and social support can play a protective role, it is unclear what types and sources of social support may contribute to positive outcomes among at-risk youth. We examined the influences of neighborhood disadvantage and social support on global self-worth among low-income, urban African American youth, both concurrently and longitudinally. We examined social support from both a structural and functional perspective, and tested the main-effects and the stress-buffering models of social support. Participants included 82-130 youth, in 6th-8th grade, who completed self-report measures. Network support results suggest participants received emotional, tangible, and informational support most often from mothers and other female relatives, with friends, fathers, and teachers also playing important roles. Model testing accounted for neighborhood stressors and support from various sources, revealing support from close friends was associated with concurrent self-worth; whereas, parent support predicted self-worth longitudinally, above and beyond initial levels of self-worth. The findings provide evidence for the main-effects model of social support and not the stress-buffering model. Our findings illustrate the importance of extended family networks and the types of support that youth rely upon in African American impoverished communities, as well as how support contributes to global self-worth. Implications and suggestions for future research and intervention are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Thara Nagarajan
- DePaul University Family and Community Services, Chicago, IL USA
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Burton CW, Halpern-Felsher B, Rankin SH, Rehm RS, Humphreys JC. Relationships and betrayal among young women: theoretical perspectives on adolescent dating abuse. J Adv Nurs 2011; 67:1393-405. [PMID: 21261691 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2010.05565.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Adolescent dating abuse is not specifically described by any current nursing theory, and this article presents discussion of some existing theories that could inform a nursing theory of adolescent dating abuse. To account for the effects of gender, this discussion is limited to young women. BACKGROUND Adolescent dating abuse is an important and understudied international issue for nursing. Theoretical frameworks can support development of nursing scholarship for such issues. No single theory yet exists in nursing to explain the experiences and health ramifications of dating abuse among young women. DATA SOURCES A summary table of theories is provided. Literature was gathered via database search and bibliographic snowballing from reference lists of relevant articles. Included literature dates from 1982 through 2010. DISCUSSION Theories of relationship formation and function are discussed, including attachment, investment, feminist and gender role conflict theories. Betrayal trauma theory is considered as a mechanism of injury following an abusive dating experience. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING Gender, relationship and adolescence combine in a complex developmental moment for young women. To improve nursing care for those at risk for or in the throes of abusive relationships, it is critical to develop specific nursing approaches to understanding these relationships. CONCLUSION Existing theories related to relationship and traumatic experiences can be combined in the development of a nursing theory of adolescent dating abuse among young women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candace W Burton
- Department of Family and Community Health Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, USA.
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Sales JM, Latham TP, Diclemente RJ, Rose E. Differences between dual-method and non-dual-method protection use in a sample of young African American women residing in the Southeastern United States. ARCHIVES OF PEDIATRICS & ADOLESCENT MEDICINE 2010; 164:1125-31. [PMID: 21135341 PMCID: PMC3815712 DOI: 10.1001/archpediatrics.2010.230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To characterize dual-method protection users and report the prevalence of dual-method use among young adult African American women residing in the Southeastern United States. DESIGN Analysis of baseline data from a randomized controlled trial. SETTING A clinic-based sample of young women enrolled in a randomized trial of a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-prevention program in Atlanta, Georgia, from June 2005 to June 2007. PARTICIPANTS African American women aged 14 to 20 years who reported unprotected sexual activity in the past 6 months. Of the eligible adolescents, 94% (N = 701) were enrolled in the study and completed baseline assessments. OUTCOME MEASURES Dual-method protection use as well as sociodemographic, individual-level, interpersonal-level, and community-level factors and interpersonal communication skills. Only data from the baseline assessment, before randomization, were used for the analysis. RESULTS A total of 102 participants (14.6%) were classified as dual-method protection users. After controlling for age and clinic, significant differences between dual-method users and non-dual-method users were found for impulsivity, self-esteem, social support, relationship style, partner communication self-efficacy, and fear of condom negotiation. CONCLUSIONS Dual-method protection use is low. Identification of factors that differentiate dual-method users from non-dual-method users at the individual, interpersonal, and community levels in this young African American sample suggests that HIV, sexually transmitted disease, and unintended pregnancy risk-reduction programs should address factors at each level, not simply the individual level, and that this may involve structural and/or clinical counseling practice changes in clinics that serve young women, to optimally facilitate dual-method protection use among young African American women in the Southeastern United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M Sales
- Department of Behavioral Science and Health Education, Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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Seeds PM, Harkness KL, Quilty LC. Parental maltreatment, bullying, and adolescent depression: evidence for the mediating role of perceived social support. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY 2010; 39:681-92. [PMID: 20706920 DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2010.501289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The support deterioration model of depression states that stress deteriorates the perceived availability and/or effectiveness of social support, which then leads to depression. The present study examined this model in adolescent depression following parent-perpetrated maltreatment and peer-perpetrated bullying, as assessed by a rigorous contextual interview and rating system. In 101 depressed and nondepressed community adolescents between the ages of 13 and 18 (M = 15.51, SD = 1.27), peer bullying and father-perpetrated maltreatment were associated with lower perceptions of tangible support and of belonging in a social network. These forms of support mediated the association of bullying and father-perpetrated maltreatment with greater depression severity. In contrast, mother-perpetrated maltreatment was associated with higher perceptions of tangible support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela M Seeds
- Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, Ontario, Canada
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Cooper SM. Associations Between Father-Daughter Relationship Quality and the Academic Engagement of African American Adolescent Girls: Self-Esteem as a Mediator? JOURNAL OF BLACK PSYCHOLOGY 2009. [DOI: 10.1177/0095798409339185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Positive social interactions and relationships may play an influential role in the academic success of African American adolescent girls. Though studies have suggested that the paternal relationships are particularly consequential to girls’ outcomes, few studies exist that have explored how aspects of the father-daughter relationship contribute to their academic-related outcomes. Using a sample of 122 African American adolescent girls (M = 12.2 years; SD = 1.02), this study examined how father-daughter relationship quality was associated with academic engagement. An equally important goal of this investigation was to explore self-esteem (global and academic self-esteem) as a mediator of girls’ academic engagement. Findings indicated that quality of the father-daughter relationship was positively related to girls’ academic engagement. Also, both global and academic self-esteem mediated the link between father-daughter relationship quality and academic engagement. These findings suggest the importance of father-daughter relationship quality in both the academic engagement and self-esteem of African American adolescent girls.
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Bossarte RM, Swahn MH, Breiding M. Racial, ethnic, and sex differences in the associations between violence and self-reported health among US high school students. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2009; 79:74-81. [PMID: 19187086 DOI: 10.1111/j.1746-1561.2008.00379.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Involvement in interpersonal violence or suicidal behaviors can have a significant impact on an adolescent's physical health. Similarly, previous research has suggested that lived experiences, more than the presence or absence of physical ailments, can significantly influence self-assessed health status among adolescents. The purpose of this study was to examine the cross-sectional associations between involvement in violence and poor or fair self-reported health among US high school students. METHODS Data were obtained from the 2005 national Youth Risk Behavior Survey (n = 13,953). Logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the associations between violence-related measures and self-reported health while controlling for demographic characteristics and potential confounders. Analyses are presented for students overall and stratified by sex and race/ethnicity. RESULTS Overall, 7.2% of students reported fair or poor self-rated health. Having been in a physical fight, having been injured in a physical fight, having attempted suicide, and having not gone to school because of safety concerns were significantly associated with fair or poor self-rated health after controlling for demographic characteristics and other potential confounders. Differences associated with race/ethnicity and sex are identified. CONCLUSIONS Four of the 5 violence-related measures included in these analyses were significantly associated with fair or poor self-rated health. Future studies should consider the impact of involvement in violent behaviors and perceptions of both physical and mental well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert M Bossarte
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14262, USA.
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The Daily Social and Emotional Worlds of Adolescents Who Are Psychologically Maltreated by Their Romantic Partners. J Youth Adolesc 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s10964-007-9248-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Weisz AN, Tolman RM, Callahan MR, Saunders DG, Black BM. Informal helpers’ responses when adolescents tell them about dating violence or romantic relationship problems. J Adolesc 2007; 30:853-68. [PMID: 17097139 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2006.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2005] [Revised: 06/16/2006] [Accepted: 09/16/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study examines the responses of informal helpers to adolescents who disclose dating violence or upsetting but non-violent experiences in their romantic relationships. Based on a survey of 224 Midwestern high school students, the study found that youths were more likely to disclose problems to friends rather than others. A factor analysis of potential helpers' responses showed that, compared to avoidance and minimization, nurturing was the most typical response received. Adolescents who told someone about being victimized by severe dating violence were more likely to receive an avoidance response than those who told about less severe dating violence. Males encountered high levels of minimization regarding less severe dating violence. While friends and family seem to respond effectively to romantic relationship problems, youths need more training in how to respond helpfully to friends' difficulties with dating violence or how to encourage victims to seek help from trained practitioners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arlene N Weisz
- School of Social Work, Wayne State University, 337 Thompson Home, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
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Raiford JL, Wingood GM, Diclemente RJ. Prevalence, incidence, and predictors of dating violence: a longitudinal study of African American female adolescents. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2007; 16:822-32. [PMID: 17678453 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2006.0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few longitudinal studies have examined predictors of dating violence, a public health issue that may be more prevalent among African Americans. Our objective was to examine the prevalence, incidence, and predictors of dating violence in an African American sample using the theory of gender and power. METHODS A longitudinal design with a 1-year follow-up period was used. Recruiters screened adolescents from a variety of venues, including school health classes, county health department clinics, and adolescent health clinics. Study participants were 522 African American females 14-18 years of age. This study achieved an 85.7% participation rate. Dating violence was defined as ever having experienced verbal or physical abuse perpetrated by a boyfriend. RESULTS At baseline, 28% of adolescents reported a history of dating violence. To calculate the 1-year incidence of dating violence, adolescents reporting a history of dating violence at baseline were excluded from subsequent longitudinal analyses. In longitudinal analyses, the 1-year incidence of dating violence was 12%. Logistic regression analyses identified four factors at baseline that were predictive of dating violence. This four-factor model correctly classified 87.6% of adolescents according to whether or not they experienced dating violence during the 1-year follow-up. Controlling for public financial assistance, relative to adolescents not experiencing dating violence, those who did were 2.0 times more likely to report less understanding of healthy relationships (CI = 1.1-3.9, p = 0.02), 2.0 times more likely to report using drugs (CI = 1.0-3.7, p = 0.02), and 1.9 times more likely to have viewed X-rated movies (CI = 1.0-3.7, p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that secondary prevention of dating violence necessitates educating clinicians on the importance of screening and training practitioners in clinical settings on how to effectively screen adolescents for dating violence, including risk factors for victimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerris L Raiford
- Rollins School of Public Health, Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.
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Andrews JO, Felton G, Ellen Wewers M, Waller J, Tingen M. The effect of a multi-component smoking cessation intervention in African American women residing in public housing. Res Nurs Health 2007; 30:45-60. [PMID: 17243107 DOI: 10.1002/nur.20174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to test the effectiveness of a multi-component smoking cessation intervention in African American women residing in public housing. The intervention consisted of: (a) nurse led behavioral/empowerment counseling; (b) nicotine replacement therapy; and, (c) community health workers to enhance smoking self-efficacy, social support, and spiritual well-being. The results showed a 6-month continuous smoking abstinence of 27.5% and 5.7% in the intervention and comparison groups. Changes in social support and smoking self-efficacy over time predicted smoking abstinence, and self-efficacy mediated 6-month smoking abstinence outcomes. Spiritual well-being did not predict or mediate smoking abstinence outcomes. These findings support the use of a nurse/community health worker model to deliver culturally tailored behavioral interventions with marginalized communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeannette O Andrews
- Department of Biobehavioral Nursing, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia, USA
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The Buffering Role of Social Support Perceptions in Relation to Eating Disturbances among Women in Abusive Dating Relationships. SEX ROLES 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s11199-006-9030-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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