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Wang S, Liu J, Caroprese M, Gianfreda F, Melloni F, DE Santis D. Exploring the potential of calcium-based biomaterials for bone regeneration in dentistry: a systematic review. Minerva Dent Oral Sci 2024; 73:169-180. [PMID: 38127421 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-6329.23.04859-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Regenerative medicine emerged as a promising strategy for addressing bone defects, with several bone grafts currently being used, including autografts, allografts, xenografts and alloplasts. Calcium-based biomaterials (CaXs), a well-known class of synthetic materials, have demonstrated good biological properties and are being investigated for their potential to facilitate bone regeneration. This systematic review evaluates the current clinical applications of CaXs in dentistry for bone regeneration. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION A comprehensive search was conducted to collect information about CaXs and their applications in the dental field over the last ten years. The search was limited to relevant articles published in peer-reviewed journals. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS A total of 72 articles were included in this scoping review, with eight studies related to periodontology, 63 in implantology and three in maxillofacial surgery respectively. The findings suggest that CaXs hold promise as an alternative intervention for minor bone regeneration in dentistry. CONCLUSIONS Calcium-based biomaterials have shown potential as a viable option for bone regeneration in dentistry. Further research is warranted to fully understand their efficacy and safety in larger bone defects. CaXs represent an exciting avenue for researchers and clinicians to explore in their ongoing efforts to advance regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwei Wang
- Department of Dental Implantology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Jianguo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Disease Research, School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Marino Caroprese
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesco Gianfreda
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Melloni
- Section of Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics, and Gynecology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Daniele DE Santis
- Section of Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics, and Gynecology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy -
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Greethurst AR, Galletti C, Lo Giudice R, Nart J, Vallés C, Real-Voltas F, Gay-Escoda C, Marchetti E. The Use of Statins as an Adjunctive Periodontal Disease Treatment: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Dent J (Basel) 2024; 12:150. [PMID: 38920851 PMCID: PMC11202911 DOI: 10.3390/dj12060150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND the purpose of this systematic review was to assess the clinical and radiographic effect of subgingival-administered statins as an adjunct periodontal treatment in patients with periodontitis. METHODS Electronic literature searches in Medline/PubMed and the Cochrane Library were conducted to identify all relevant articles. Eligibility was based on inclusion criteria which included Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) published after 2010, where the periodontal variables were assessed before and after periodontal treatment in combination with a statin administration. The risk of bias was assessed with the ROBINS-2 tool. The outcome variables were probing depth, clinical attachment level, bleeding on probing, and bone fill in systematically healthy patients, patients with type 2 diabetes, and smokers. RESULTS Out of 119 potentially eligible articles, 18 randomized controlled trials were included with a total of 1171 participants. The data retrieved from the meta-analysis showed the positive effect that statins have as an adjunctive periodontal disease treatment. When comparing the different types of statins, the PD reduction in the Simvastatin group was significantly higher than the Atorvastatin group at 6 months and at 9 months, while no differences between statins were found for the rest of the outcomes. Over 66% of the articles presented an overall risk of bias with some concerns, making this a limitation of this present RCT. CONCLUSIONS The adjunct administration of statins has proven to have a positive effect on the periodontium by improving both clinical and radiographic parameters by a considerable margin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Rose Greethurst
- School of Dentistry, Department of Integrated Dentistry, International University of Catalonia, Sant Cugat del Vallès, 08022 Barcelona, Spain; (A.R.G.); (C.G.); (F.R.-V.)
| | - Cosimo Galletti
- School of Dentistry, Department of Integrated Dentistry, International University of Catalonia, Sant Cugat del Vallès, 08022 Barcelona, Spain; (A.R.G.); (C.G.); (F.R.-V.)
| | - Roberto Lo Giudice
- Department of Human Pathology of Adults and Developmental Age, Messina University, 98100 Messina, Italy
| | - José Nart
- Department of Periodontology, International University of Catalonia, Sant Cugat del Vallès, 08022 Barcelona, Spain; (J.N.); (C.V.)
| | - Cristina Vallés
- Department of Periodontology, International University of Catalonia, Sant Cugat del Vallès, 08022 Barcelona, Spain; (J.N.); (C.V.)
| | - Francisco Real-Voltas
- School of Dentistry, Department of Integrated Dentistry, International University of Catalonia, Sant Cugat del Vallès, 08022 Barcelona, Spain; (A.R.G.); (C.G.); (F.R.-V.)
| | - Cosme Gay-Escoda
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, School of Dentistry, University of Barcelona, 08022 Barcelona, Spain;
- Department of Teknon Medical Center, IDIBELL Institute, 08022 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enrico Marchetti
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of l’Aquila, Piazzale Salvatore Tommasi 1, 67100 Coppito, Italy;
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Gharibshahian M, Salehi M, Kamalabadi-Farahani M, Alizadeh M. Magnesium-oxide-enhanced bone regeneration: 3D-printing of gelatin-coated composite scaffolds with sustained Rosuvastatin release. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 266:130995. [PMID: 38521323 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Critical-size bone defects are one of the main challenges in bone tissue regeneration that determines the need to use angiogenic and osteogenic agents. Rosuvastatin (RSV) is a class of cholesterol-lowering drugs with osteogenic potential. Magnesium oxide (MgO) is an angiogenesis component affecting apatite formation. This study aims to evaluate 3D-printed Polycaprolactone/β-tricalcium phosphate/nano-hydroxyapatite/ MgO (PCL/β-TCP/nHA/MgO) scaffolds as a carrier for MgO and RSV in bone regeneration. For this purpose, PCL/β-TCP/nHA/MgO scaffolds were fabricated with a 3D-printing method and coated with gelatin and RSV. The biocompatibility and osteogenicity of scaffolds were examined with MTT, ALP, and Alizarin red staining. Finally, the scaffolds were implanted in a bone defect of rat's calvaria, and tissue regeneration was investigated after 3 months. Our results showed that the simultaneous presence of RSV and MgO improved biocompatibility, wettability, degradation rate, and ALP activity but decreased mechanical strength. PCL/β-TCP/nHA/MgO/gelatin-RSV scaffolds produced sustained release of MgO and RSV within 30 days. CT images showed that PCL/β-TCP/nHA/MgO/gelatin-RSV scaffolds filled approximately 86.83 + 4.9 % of the defects within 3 months and improved angiogenesis, woven bone, and osteogenic genes expression. These results indicate the potential of PCL/β-TCP/nHA/MgO/gelatin-RSV scaffolds as a promising tool for bone regeneration and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maliheh Gharibshahian
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Majid Salehi
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran; Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kamalabadi-Farahani
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran; Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Morteza Alizadeh
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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De Lauretis A, Øvrebø Ø, Romandini M, Lyngstadaas SP, Rossi F, Haugen HJ. From Basic Science to Clinical Practice: A Review of Current Periodontal/Mucogingival Regenerative Biomaterials. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2308848. [PMID: 38380549 PMCID: PMC11077667 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a dysbiosis-driven inflammatory disease affecting the tooth-supporting tissues, characterized by their progressive resorption, which can ultimately lead to tooth loss. A step-wise therapeutic approach is employed for periodontitis. After an initial behavioral and non-surgical phase, intra-bony or furcation defects may be amenable to regenerative procedures. This review discusses the regenerative technologies employed for periodontal regeneration, highlighting the current limitations and future research areas. The search, performed on the MEDLINE database, has identified the available biomaterials, including biologicals (autologous platelet concentrates, hydrogels), bone grafts (pure or putty), and membranes. Biologicals and bone grafts have been critically analyzed in terms of composition, mechanism of action, and clinical applications. Although a certain degree of periodontal regeneration is predictable in intra-bony and class II furcation defects, complete defect closure is hardly achieved. Moreover, treating class III furcation defects remains challenging. The key properties required for functional regeneration are discussed, and none of the commercially available biomaterials possess all the ideal characteristics. Therefore, research is needed to promote the advancement of more effective and targeted regenerative therapies for periodontitis. Lastly, improving the design and reporting of clinical studies is suggested by strictly adhering to the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) 2010 statement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela De Lauretis
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of DentistryUniversity of OsloOslo0455Norway
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”Politecnico di MilanoMilan20133Italy
| | - Øystein Øvrebø
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of DentistryUniversity of OsloOslo0455Norway
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”Politecnico di MilanoMilan20133Italy
| | - Mario Romandini
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of DentistryUniversity of OsloOslo0455Norway
| | - Ståle Petter Lyngstadaas
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of DentistryUniversity of OsloOslo0455Norway
| | - Filippo Rossi
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”Politecnico di MilanoMilan20133Italy
| | - Håvard Jostein Haugen
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of DentistryUniversity of OsloOslo0455Norway
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Ozcan M, Kabaklı SC, Alkaya B, Isler SC, Turer OU, Oksuz H, Haytac MC. The impact of local and systemic penicillin on antimicrobial properties and growth factor release in platelet-rich fibrin: In vitro study. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 28:61. [PMID: 38157066 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05428-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluates the impact of local and systemic administration of penicillin on the antimicrobial properties and growth factors of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) under in vitro conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study involved 12 volunteers. Four tubes of venous blood were collected before systemic antibiotic administration. Two tubes were centrifuged at 2700 RPM for 12 min to obtain PRF, while 0.2 ml of penicillin was locally added into other two tubes. After systemic administration, blood samples were again collected and subjected to centrifugation. The release of growth factors (IGF-1, PDGF, FGF-2, and TGFβ-1) was determined using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), and an antibiotic sensitivity test was performed for S. aureus and E. coli bacteria. RESULTS Results showed that local antibiotic addition before PRF centrifugation had a significant antimicrobial effect without affecting growth factor releases. There was no statistically significant difference in antimicrobial properties between PRF prepared with systemic antibiotic administration and PRF prepared without antibiotics. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study suggests that incorporating localized antibiotics into PRF results in strong antimicrobial effects without compromise of growth factor release. However, the combination of PRF with systemic antibiotics did not significantly enhance its antimicrobial properties compared to PRF prepared without antibiotics. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Local addition of penicillin into PRF provides strong antimicrobial properties which may help reduce dependence on systemic antibiotic regimens, mitigating antibiotic resistance and minimizing associated side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Ozcan
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.
| | - Seda Ciritci Kabaklı
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Bahar Alkaya
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Sıla Cagrı Isler
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Bern University, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Onur Ucak Turer
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Hale Oksuz
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Cenk Haytac
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
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Georgiou GO, Tarallo F, Marchetti E, Bizzarro S. Overview of the Effect of Different Regenerative Materials in Class II Furcation Defects in Periodontal Patients. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15093194. [PMID: 35591533 PMCID: PMC9103580 DOI: 10.3390/ma15093194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this review was to give an overview of the outcomes of the use of different regenerative materials to treat molars with class II furcation defects in patients with periodontitis in comparison with open flap debridement (OFD). A search of five databases (PubMed-Medline, Embase, Cochrane, Scopus and Web of Science) was conducted up to and including January 2022. According to the PICOS guidelines, only randomized control trials (S) considering periodontal patients with at least one molar with a class II furcation involvement (P) treated with regenerative materials (I) in comparison to OFD as control treatment (C) and a minimum follow-up period of 6 months were included. Vertical clinical attachment level (VCAL) was considered as the primary outcome (O), while horizontal clinical attachment level (HCAL), horizontal probing depth (HPD) and vertical probing depth (VPD) were considered as secondary outcomes. The search through the databases initially identified 1315 articles. Only 25 of them met the eligibility criteria and were included. The studies were grouped in four macro-categories according to the material used: absorbable and non-absorbable membranes, blood derivatives and a combination of different materials. The greater part of the included studies reported a statistically significant difference in using regenerative materials when compared to OFD. The blood derivatives groups reported a range of mean changes in VCAL of 0.86–4.6 mm, absorbable membrane groups reported −0.6–3.75 mm, non-absorbable membranes groups reported −2.47–4.1 mm, multiple materials groups reported −1.5–4.87 mm and enamel matrix derivatives reported a mean change in VCAL of 1.45 mm. OFD showed a range of mean VCAL changes of −1.86–2.81 mm. Although no statistical analysis was performed, the use of regenerative materials may be considered moderately beneficial in the treatment of molars with grade II furcation involvement. However, the substantial heterogeneity in the protocols’ design does not allow us to draw definitive conclusions. In addition, low levels of evidence for morbidity and patient-centered outcomes were reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerasimos Odysseas Georgiou
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (G.O.G.); (S.B.)
| | - Francesco Tarallo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Coppito, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
| | - Enrico Marchetti
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Coppito, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Sergio Bizzarro
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (G.O.G.); (S.B.)
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Siawasch SAM, Andrade C, Castro AB, Teughels W, Temmerman A, Quirynen M. Impact of local and systemic antimicrobials on leukocyte- and platelet rich fibrin: an in vitro study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2710. [PMID: 35177676 PMCID: PMC8854700 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06473-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of local and systemic administration of antimicrobials to leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF). For part A, 16 tubes of venous blood were collected from each of eight systemically healthy subjects. Prior to blood centrifugation, 12 of the 16 tubes were injected with 0.125 ml, 0.25 ml or 0.50 ml metronidazole solution. One set of L-PRF membranes was used to assess the release of vascular endothelial growth factor AB, platelet-derived growth factor, transforming growth factor beta 1, and bone morphogenetic protein 2 at indicated time points. The metronidazole release over time by L-PRF membranes was also evaluated. The remaining L-PRF membranes were placed on the surface of agar plates inoculated with three different periodontal pathogens to determine their antibacterial activity. For part B, another six subjects were enrolled with three subjects taking 2 g amoxicillin and three subjects 500 mg metronidazole as prophylaxis prior to a periodontal treatment. Before and 2 h after consuming one of the prescribed antimicrobials, three tubes of blood were collected for preparing L-PRF membranes. These membranes were used to measure the antibacterial activity against periodontal pathogens. No statistically significant difference could be found in the release of growth factors between L-PRF membranes with and without incorporation of metronidazole solution. The release of metronidazole could be detected up to day 3, however with the highest concentration during the first 4 h. This concentration was dose dependent. The antibacterial capacity of L-PRF membranes increased significantly for both the systemic intake, and after the addition of metronidazole solution to the blood tubes before centrifugation, the latter again dose dependent. The antibacterial capacity of L-PRF against the periodontal pathogens tested can significantly be enhanced by the addition of antimicrobials, without disadvantage for the release of growth factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A M Siawasch
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Periodontology, KU Leuven & Dentistry, University Hospitals Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 33, blok a - bus 07001, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - C Andrade
- Faculty of Dentistry, Postgraduate Implant Program, University of the Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - A B Castro
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Periodontology, KU Leuven & Dentistry, University Hospitals Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 33, blok a - bus 07001, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - W Teughels
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Periodontology, KU Leuven & Dentistry, University Hospitals Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 33, blok a - bus 07001, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - A Temmerman
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Periodontology, KU Leuven & Dentistry, University Hospitals Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 33, blok a - bus 07001, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - M Quirynen
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Periodontology, KU Leuven & Dentistry, University Hospitals Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 33, blok a - bus 07001, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
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Kamel R, Mabrouk M, El-Sayed SAM, Beherei HH, Abouzeid RE, Abo El-Fadl MT, Mahmoud AA, Maged A. Nanofibrillated cellulose/glucosamine 3D aerogel implants loaded with rosuvastatin and bioactive ceramic for dental socket preservation. Int J Pharm 2022; 616:121549. [PMID: 35131357 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Recycling of agro-wastes presents a great economic and ecologic value. In this study, TEMPO-oxidized nanofibrillated cellulose (TONFC) originating from sugarcane bagasse pulp was exploited in regenerative medicine. TONFC in combination with glucosamine HCl (G) were used to prepare a 3D aerogel implant loaded with rosuvastatin as an integrative approach for extraction-socket healing. Comparing the prepared devices, aerogel composed of TONFC: G (4:1 wt ratio) had the best mechanical properties and integrity. Strontium borate-based bioactive ceramic particles were prepared and characterized for crystal structure, shape, porosity, and zeta potential. The particles had a crystalline diffraction pattern relative to Sr3B2O6, and they were rod in shape with nanopores with a zeta potential value of -16 mV. The prepared bioactive ceramic (BC) was then added in different concentrations (3 or 6% w/w) to the selected aerogel implant. The BC had a concentration-dependent effect on the aerogel properties as it ameliorated its mechanical performance (compressive strength = 90 and 150 kPa for 3 and 6%, respectively) and retarded drug release (mean release time = 2.34 and 3.4 h for 3 and 6%, respectively) (p < 0.05). The microphotograph of the selected aerogel implant loaded with BC showed a rough surface with an interconnective porous structure. During cell biology testing, the selected implant loaded with the lower BC concentration had the highest ability to increase MG-63 cells proliferation. In conclusion, TONFC is a promising material to formulate rosuvastatin-loaded aerogel implant with the aid of glucosamine and bioactive ceramic for dental socket preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabab Kamel
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mostafa Mabrouk
- Refractories, Ceramics and Building Materials Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sara A M El-Sayed
- Refractories, Ceramics and Building Materials Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hanan H Beherei
- Refractories, Ceramics and Building Materials Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ragab E Abouzeid
- Cellulose and Paper Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud T Abo El-Fadl
- Biochemistry Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622 Cairo, Egypt; Cancer Biology and Genetics Laboratory, Centre of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Azza A Mahmoud
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Egypt.
| | - Amr Maged
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Egypt; Pharmaceutical Factory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Egypt.
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Ali AR, Gautam K, Kapoor A, Mathur S, Choudhary A, Shekhawat A. Comparative evaluation of autogenous bone graft and autologous platelet-rich fibrin with and without 1.2 mg in situ rosuvastatin gel in the surgical treatment of intrabony defect in chronic periodontitis patients. Contemp Clin Dent 2022; 13:69-77. [PMID: 35466293 PMCID: PMC9030313 DOI: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_740_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: Rosuvastatin (RSV) is a new synthetic, hydrophilic statin with potent anti-inflammatory and osseodifferentiation actions. Autogenous bone graft (ABG) is still considered the gold standard in reconstructive bone surgery. Addition of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) to ABG provides sustained release of various growth factors and facilitates survival of the graft. Aims: The study aims to clinically and radiographically compare the effectiveness of ABG and PRF with and without 1.2 mg RSV gel in the surgical treatment of intrabony defect in chronic Periodontitis patient. Settings and Design: This was a randomized controlled clinical trial. Subjects and Methods: Thirty-nine patients (one site per participant) with chronic periodontitis were randomly divided into three groups: Group 1 (open flap debridement [OFD] + placebo), Group 2 (OFD + ABG + PRF), and Group 3 (OFD + ABG + PRF + 1.2 mg RSV). Relative attachment level (RAL) and probing pocket depth (PPD) were recorded at baseline, 3, 6, and 9 months. Radiographic measurements such as defect height (A and B) and defect width (C) were calculated at baseline and 9 months. Statistical Analysis Used: Intergroup comparison was done using Kruskal–Wallis ANOVA. An intragroup comparison was done using Friedman test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: The mean PPD reduction and mean RAL gain were highly significant in Group 3 and Group 2 than Group 1. For Group 3, a significant reduction of defect height and width and a significant amount of bone fill were achieved than Group 2 and Group 1. Conclusions: Addition of 1.2 mg RSV gel, PRF, and ABG has synergistic effects, explaining their role as a regenerative material in the treatment of intrabony defects.
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Platelet-Rich Fibrin Used in Regenerative Endodontics and Dentistry: Current Uses, Limitations, and Future Recommendations for Application. Int J Dent 2021; 2021:4514598. [PMID: 34956367 PMCID: PMC8695013 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4514598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Regenerative endodontics has introduced numerous procedures such as pulp implantation, revascularization, and postnatal stem cell therapy. Revascularization has been successfully implemented clinically nowadays, thus providing dentists with outrageous results. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) used either alone or along with bone graft promotes bone growth and vascularization. This matrix promotes migration, cell attachment, and proliferation of osteoblast that leads to bone formation. PRF consists of a packed fibrin complex consisting of leukocytes, cytokines, and glycoproteins such as thrombospondin. The usage of PRF has reported high success rates in surgical cases such as sinus lift procedures, healing of extraction sockets, and management of periapical abscesses. Compared to platelet-rich plasma, PRF is more economical, easy to prepare, and feasible to use in daily clinical practices. Revascularization compromised the induction of a blood clot into the root canal space, which emerged as a clinical triumph. This further led to platelet concentrates as an autologous scaffold on which revascularization could occur. The applications of PRF in regenerative endodontics are numerous, such as an agent for repairing iatrogenic perforation of the pulpal floor and for the revascularization of immature permanent teeth with necrotic pulps. It acts as a matrix for tissue ingrowth. Evidence of progressive thickening of dentinal walls, root lengthening, regression in the periapical lesion, and apical closure was reported. Further studies are needed to clarify the precise mechanism of action of PRF for dental pulp regeneration both in vitro and in vivo. The current review aims at the present uses of PRF in regenerative endodontics dentistry and its application with future recommendations and limitations.
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Egle K, Salma I, Dubnika A. From Blood to Regenerative Tissue: How Autologous Platelet-Rich Fibrin Can Be Combined with Other Materials to Ensure Controlled Drug and Growth Factor Release. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11553. [PMID: 34768984 PMCID: PMC8583771 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to examine the latest literature on the use of autologous platelet-rich fibrin as a drug and growth factor carrier system in maxillofacial surgery. Autologous platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is a unique system that combines properties such as biocompatibility and biodegradability, in addition to containing growth factors and peptides that provide tissue regeneration. This opens up new horizons for the use of all beneficial ingredients in the blood sample for biomedical purposes. By itself, PRF has an unstable effect on osteogenesis: therefore, advanced approaches, including the combination of PRF with materials or drugs, are of great interest in clinics. The main advantage of drug delivery systems is that by controlling drug release, high drug concentrations locally and fewer side effects within other tissue can be achieved. This is especially important in tissues with limited blood supply, such as bone tissue compared to soft tissue. The ability of PRF to degrade naturally is considered an advantage for its use as a "warehouse" of controlled drug release systems. We are focusing on this concentrate, as it is easy to use in manipulations and can be delivered directly to the surgical site. The target audience for this review are researchers and medical doctors who are involved in the development and research of PRFs further studies. Likewise, surgeons who use PRF in their work to treat patients and who advice patients to take the medicine orally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Egle
- Rudolfs Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovations and Development Centre, Institute of General Chemical Engineering, Riga Technical University, LV-1658 Riga, Latvia;
- Baltic Biomaterials Centre of Excellence, Headquarters at Riga Technical University, LV-1658 Riga, Latvia;
| | - Ilze Salma
- Baltic Biomaterials Centre of Excellence, Headquarters at Riga Technical University, LV-1658 Riga, Latvia;
- Institute of Stomatology, Rīga Stradiņš University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
| | - Arita Dubnika
- Rudolfs Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovations and Development Centre, Institute of General Chemical Engineering, Riga Technical University, LV-1658 Riga, Latvia;
- Baltic Biomaterials Centre of Excellence, Headquarters at Riga Technical University, LV-1658 Riga, Latvia;
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12
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Dubar M, Lizambard M, Delcourt-Debruyne E, Batool F, Huck O, Siepmann F, Agossa K. In-situforming drug-delivery systems for periodontal treatment: current knowledge and perspectives. Biomed Mater 2021; 16. [PMID: 34500442 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac254c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Several chemical compounds are considered to be promising as adjuvants in the treatment of periodontitis. Antimicrobials, anti-inflammatory drugs or, more recently, pro-regenerative or antioxidant molecules have shown a very interesting potential to improve the outcomes of mechanical biofilm removal and promote the healing of the damaged tissues. However, their clinical effect is often limited by the challenge of achieving effective and prolonged drug delivery within the periodontal lesion, while limiting the risk of toxicity.In-situforming implants (ISFI) are 'implantable' drug-delivery systems that have gained considerable attention over the last few decades due to their multiple biomedical applications. They are liquids that, when injected at the site to be treated, form a semi-solid or solid dosage form that provides safe and locally controlled drug release. This review discusses current data and future prospects for the use of ISFI in periodontal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Dubar
- University Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1008-Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Martin Lizambard
- University Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1008-Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, F-59000 Lille, France
| | | | - Fareeha Batool
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie-dentaire, 8 rue Sainte-Elisabeth, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Olivier Huck
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie-dentaire, 8 rue Sainte-Elisabeth, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Florence Siepmann
- University Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1008-Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Kevimy Agossa
- University Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1008-Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, F-59000 Lille, France
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Elbehwashy MT, Hosny MM, Elfana A, Nawar A, Fawzy El-Sayed K. Clinical and radiographic effects of ascorbic acid-augmented platelet-rich fibrin versus platelet-rich fibrin alone in intra-osseous defects of stage-III periodontitis patients: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 25:6309-6319. [PMID: 33842996 PMCID: PMC8531044 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-03929-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Aim To assess platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) with ascorbic acid (AA) versus PRF in intra-osseous defects of stage-III periodontitis patients. Methodology Twenty stage-III/grade C periodontitis patients, with ≥ 3 mm intra-osseous defects, were randomized into test (open flap debridement (OFD)+AA/PRF; n = 10) and control (OFD+PRF; n = 10). Clinical attachment level (CAL; primary outcome), probing pocket depth (PPD), gingival recession depth (RD), full-mouth bleeding scores (FMBS), full-mouth plaque scores (FMPS), radiographic linear defect depth (RLDD) and radiographic defect bone density (RDBD) (secondary-outcomes) were examined at baseline, 3 and 6 months post-surgically. Results OFD+AA/PRF and OFD+PRF demonstrated significant intragroup CAL gain and PPD reduction at 3 and 6 months (p < 0.001). OFD+AA/PRF and OFD+PRF showed no differences regarding FMBS or FMPS (p > 0.05). OFD+AA/PRF demonstrated significant RD reduction of 0.90 ± 0.50 mm and 0.80 ± 0.71 mm at 3 and 6 months, while OFD+PRF showed RD reduction of 0.10 ± 0.77 mm at 3 months, with an RD-increase of 0.20 ± 0.82 mm at 6 months (p < 0.05). OFD+AA/PRF and OFD+PRF demonstrated significant RLDD reduction (2.29 ± 0.61 mm and 1.63 ± 0.46 mm; p < 0.05) and RDBD-increase (14.61 ± 5.39% and 12.58 ± 5.03%; p > 0.05). Stepwise linear regression analysis showed that baseline RLDD and FMBS at 6 months were significant predictors of CAL reduction (p < 0.001). Conclusions OFD+PRF with/without AA significantly improved periodontal parameters 6 months post-surgically. Augmenting PRF with AA additionally enhanced gingival tissue gain and radiographic defect fill. Clinical relevance PRF, with or without AA, could significantly improve periodontal parameters. Supplementing PRF with AA could additionally augment radiographic linear defect fill and reduce gingival recession depth. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00784-021-03929-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Talaat Elbehwashy
- Oral Medicine and Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Al Saraya Str. 11, Manial, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Manal Mohamed Hosny
- Oral Medicine and Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Al Saraya Str. 11, Manial, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Elfana
- Oral Medicine and Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Al Saraya Str. 11, Manial, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Alaa Nawar
- Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Karim Fawzy El-Sayed
- Oral Medicine and Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Al Saraya Str. 11, Manial, Cairo, Egypt.
- Clinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany.
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14
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Cruz R, Moraschini V, Calasans-Maia MD, de Almeida DCF, Sartoretto SC, Granjeiro JM. Clinical efficacy of simvastatin gel combined with polypropylene membrane on the healing of extraction sockets: A triple-blind, randomized clinical trial. Clin Oral Implants Res 2021; 32:711-720. [PMID: 33715258 DOI: 10.1111/clr.13740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate dimensional changes, level of soft tissue healing, and pain/discomfort perception in post-extraction sockets filling with 1.2% simvastatin (SIM) gel covered with polypropylene membranes (PPPM). MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty-six post-extraction sockets of posterior teeth were randomly allocated in two groups: (a) socket filling with 1.2% SIM gel and covered with PPPM (n = 13) and (b) socket filling with placebo gel and covered with PPPM (n = 13). Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images before and 90 days after the extraction enabled alveolar bone dimensional changes calculation using horizontal and vertical measurements. The measurements occurred at three different levels for thickness located 1, 3, and 5 mm from the top of the bone crest. The vertical (depth) measure was assessed from the most apical portion of the socket to the bone crest's most coronal portion. Seven days after the extractions, the level of soft tissue healing and pain perception were also analyzed. RESULTS After 90 days of extractions, the dimensional changes in thickness in the test group were significantly smaller in sections A (p = .044), B (p = .036) and C (p = .048) when compared to the control group. The test group showed a significantly lower height-dimensional change than the control group (p < .0001). Soft tissue healing index (p = .63), perception of pain (p = .23), and number of analgesics consumed (p = .25) were similar between groups. CONCLUSIONS Simvastatin at 1.2% compared with placebo effectively reduced the dimensional changes in post-extraction sockets covered with PPPM. There was no significant difference in the level of soft tissue healing and postoperative pain between the test and control groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Cruz
- Doctoral Program, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vittorio Moraschini
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, School of Dentistry, Veiga de Almeida University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Suelen Cristina Sartoretto
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, School of Dentistry, Veiga de Almeida University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - José Mauro Granjeiro
- Department of Dental Technics, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil.,National Institute of Metrology, Quality, and Technology (INMETRO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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15
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Swami RK, Kolte AP, Bodhare GH, Kolte RA. Bone replacement grafts with guided tissue regeneration in treatment of grade II furcation defects: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 25:807-821. [PMID: 33438084 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-03776-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM The present systematic review appended with meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of bone replacement graft (BRG) with guided tissue regeneration (GTR) over BRG or open flap debridement (OFD) alone in the treatment of grade II furcation defects. MATERIALS AND METHODS An electronic literature search of PubMed, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar databases accompanied with manual searching was done. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) up to October 2019, comparing BRG+GTR with BRG or OFD in grade II furcation defects, were identified. Clinical attachment level (CAL) gain, changes in gingival marginal level (GML), vertical defect fill (VDF), horizontal defect fill (HDF) and reduction in defect volume were the outcome parameters. RESULTS Of a total of 12, 9 studies compared BRG+GTR vs BRG while 3 compared BRG+GTR vs OFD. Meta-analysis was carried out for CAL gain, VDF, HDF and GML changes. In the BRG+GTR vs BRG comparison group, out of 9 studies, 6 RCTs showed standardized mean difference (SMD) of 0.513 for VDF, 9 RCTs showed SMD of 0.83 for HDF and 2 RCTs showed SMD of 0.651 for CAL gain, whereas only 2 studies in the same group reported reduction in defect volume. Three studies of the BRG+GTR vs OFD group exhibited significant VDF and CAL gain with SMD of 2.002 and 1.161 respectively. However, no significant change was recorded for GML in both groups. CONCLUSION The present systematic review indicates supplemental benefits of combination therapy of BRG+GTR over monotherapy in resolving grade II furcation defects. CLINICAL RELEVANCE In our quest to achieve maximum regeneration in grade II furcation defects, combination therapies such as BRG+GTR have been accepted as treatment choices over other modalities. Clinical situations warranting near-complete regeneration of the tissues in such defects are better suited for combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renuka K Swami
- Department of Periodontics & Implantology, VSPM Dental College and Research Centre, Digdoh Hills, Hingna Road, Nagpur, 440019, India
| | - Abhay P Kolte
- Department of Periodontics & Implantology, VSPM Dental College and Research Centre, Digdoh Hills, Hingna Road, Nagpur, 440019, India.
| | - Girish H Bodhare
- Department of Periodontics & Implantology, VSPM Dental College and Research Centre, Digdoh Hills, Hingna Road, Nagpur, 440019, India
| | - Rajashri A Kolte
- Department of Periodontics & Implantology, VSPM Dental College and Research Centre, Digdoh Hills, Hingna Road, Nagpur, 440019, India
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16
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Madi M, Elakel AM. The clinical implications of platelet-rich fibrin on periodontal regeneration: A systematic review. Saudi Dent J 2020; 33:55-62. [PMID: 33551617 PMCID: PMC7848804 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2020.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Platelet concentrates have been shown to enhance periodontal regeneration when used as a treatment on their own or in conjunction with bone grafting materials. This systematic review aims to assess the effects of using platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), both alone and in combination with other conventionally used materials, on periodontal regeneration in clinical trials. Materials and methods A systematic electronic search was performed in the electronic databases MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus, and Web of Science. Specifically, we searched for English language articles published between 2009 and 2019 that conducted in-human studies and included a summary of the results. Our primary search yielded 220 articles, and of these, 110 were clinical studies. Forty-four articles were then selected for a full reading. Results Twenty-six randomized control trials (RCTs) met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. Despite the differences between the reviewed studies, most revealed the ability of PRF to promote periodontal wound healing. The positive effects of PRF were observed in clinical criteria, such as reductions in pocket probing depth (PD) and increases in clinical attachment level (CAL), as well as in the degree of defect bone fill, which was determined either radiographically or by surgical re-entry. Conclusions Additional studies are needed to compare the clinical outcomes of various PRF application procedures and establish standardized protocols for treating periodontal disease with PRF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Madi
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M Elakel
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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17
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In vitro and in vivo investigation of osteogenic properties of self-contained phosphate-releasing injectable purine-crosslinked chitosan-hydroxyapatite constructs. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11603. [PMID: 32665560 PMCID: PMC7360623 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67886-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone fracture repair is a multifaceted, coordinated physiological process that requires new bone formation and resorption, eventually returning the fractured bone to its original state. Currently, a variety of different approaches are pursued to accelerate the repair of defective bones, which include the use of 'gold standard' autologous bone grafts. However, such grafts may not be readily available, and procedural complications may result in undesired outcomes. Considering the ease of use and tremendous customization potentials, synthetic materials may become a more suitable alternative of bone grafts. In this study, we examined the osteogenic potential of guanosine 5′-diphosphate-crosslinked chitosan scaffolds with the incorporation of hydroxyapatite, with or without pyrophosphatase activity, both in vitro and in vivo. First, scaffolds embedded with cells were characterized for cell morphology, viability, and attachment. The cell-laden scaffolds were found to significantly enhance proliferation for up to threefold, double alkaline phosphatase activity and osterix expression, and increase calcium phosphate deposits in vitro. Next, chitosan scaffolds were implanted at the fracture site in a mouse model of intramedullary rod-fixed tibial fracture. Our results showed increased callus formation at the fracture site with the scaffold carrying both hydroxyapatite and pyrophosphatase in comparison to the control scaffolds lacking both pyrophosphatase and hydroxyapatite, or pyrophosphatase alone. These results indicate that the pyrophosphatase-hydroxyapatite composite scaffold has a promising capacity to facilitate bone fracture healing.
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18
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Camacho-Alonso F, Martínez-Ortiz C, Plazas-Buendía L, Mercado-Díaz AM, Vilaplana-Vivo C, Navarro JA, Buendía AJ, Merino JJ, Martínez-Beneyto Y. Bone union formation in the rat mandibular symphysis using hydroxyapatite with or without simvastatin: effects on healthy, diabetic, and osteoporotic rats. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 24:1479-1491. [PMID: 31925587 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-03180-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective is to compare new bone formation in critical defects in healthy, diabetic, and osteoporotic rats filled with hydroxyapatite (HA) alone and HA combined with simvastatin (SV). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 48 adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into three groups (n = 16 per group): Group, 1 healthy; Group 2, diabetics; and Group 3, osteoporotics. Streptozotocin was used to induce type 1 diabetes in Group 2, while bilateral ovariectomy was used to induce osteoporosis in Group 3. The central portion of the rat mandibular symphysis was used as a physiological critical bone defect. In each group, eight defects were filled with HA alone and eight with HA combined with SV. The animals were sacrificed at 4 and 8 weeks, and the mandibles were processed for micro-computed tomography to analyze radiological union and bone mineral density (BMD); histological analysis of the bone union; and immunohistochemical analysis, which included immunoreactivity of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2). RESULTS In all groups (healthy, diabetics, and osteoporotics), the defects filled with HA + SV presented greater radiological bone union, BMD, histological bone union, and more VEGF and BMP-2 positivity, in comparison with bone defects treated with HA alone. CONCLUSIONS Combined application of HA and SV improves bone regeneration in mandibular critical bone defects compared with application of HA alone in healthy, diabetic, and osteoporotic rats. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study might help to patients with osteoporosis or uncontrolled diabetes type 1, but future studies should be done.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Camacho-Alonso
- Department of Oral Surgery, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | - J A Navarro
- Department of Histology and Pathological Anatomy, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - A J Buendía
- Department of Histology and Pathological Anatomy, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - J J Merino
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Y Martínez-Beneyto
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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Platelet-Rich Fibrin as a Bone Graft Material in Oral and Maxillofacial Bone Regeneration: Classification and Summary for Better Application. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:3295756. [PMID: 31886202 PMCID: PMC6925910 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3295756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is an autologous platelet concentrate that consists of cytokines, platelets, leukocytes, and circulating stem cells. It has been considered to be effective in bone regeneration and is mainly used for oral and maxillofacial bone. Although currently the use of PRF is thought to support alveolar ridge preservation, there is a lack of evidence regarding the application of PRF in osteogenesis. In this paper, we will provide examples of PRF application, and we will also summarize different measures to improve the properties of PRF for achieving better osteogenesis. The effect of PRF as a bone graft material on osteogenesis based on laboratory investigations, animal tests, and clinical evaluations is first reviewed here. In vitro, PRF was able to stimulate cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, mineralization, and osteogenesis-related gene expression. Preclinical and clinical trials suggested that PRF alone may have a limited effect. To enlighten researchers, modified PRF graft materials are further reviewed, including PRF combined with other bone graft materials, PRF combined with drugs, and a new-type PRF. Finally, we will summarize the common shortcomings in the application of PRF that probably lead to application failure. Future scientists should avoid or solve these problems to achieve better regeneration.
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20
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Panda S, Karanxha L, Goker F, Satpathy A, Taschieri S, Francetti L, Das AC, Kumar M, Panda S, Fabbro MD. Autologous Platelet Concentrates in Treatment of Furcation Defects-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20061347. [PMID: 30884920 PMCID: PMC6470588 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim of this review was to evaluate the adjunctive effect of autologous platelet concentrates (APCs) for the treatment of furcation defects, in terms of scientific quality of the clinical trials and regeneration parameters assessment. Methods: A systematic search was carried out in the electronic databases MEDLINE, SCOPUS, CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials), and EMBASE, together with hand searching of relevant journals. Two independent reviewers screened the articles yielded in the initial search and retrieved the full-text version of potentially eligible studies. Relevant data and outcomes were extracted from the included studies. Risk of bias assessment was also carried out. The outcome variables, relative to baseline and post-operative defect characteristics (probing pocket depth (PPD), horizontal and vertical clinical attachment loss (HCAL, VCAL), horizontal and vertical furcation depth (HFD, VFD) were considered for meta-analysis. Results: Ten randomized trials were included in this review. Only one study was judged at high risk of bias, while seven had a low risk, testifying to the good level of the evidence of this review. The meta-analysis showed a favorable effect regarding all outcome variables, for APCs used in adjunct to open flap debridement (p < 0.001). Regarding APCs in adjunct to bone grafting, a significant advantage was found only for HCAL (p < 0.001, mean difference 0.74, 95% CI 0.54, 0.94). The sub-group analysis showed that both platelet-rich fibrin and platelet-rich plasma in adjunct with open flap debridement, yielded significantly favorable results. No meta-analysis was performed for APCs in combination with guided tissue regeneration (GTR) as only one study was found. Conclusion: For the treatment of furcation defects APCs may be beneficial as an adjunct to open flap debridement alone and bone grafting, while limited evidence of an effect of APCs when used in combination with GTR was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Panda
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20122, Italy.
- Institute of Dental Science and SUM Hospital, Siksha O Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar 751003, India.
| | - Lorena Karanxha
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20122, Italy.
| | - Funda Goker
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20122, Italy.
| | - Anurag Satpathy
- Institute of Dental Science and SUM Hospital, Siksha O Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar 751003, India.
| | - Silvio Taschieri
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20122, Italy.
- Dental Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan 20161, Italy.
| | - Luca Francetti
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20122, Italy.
- Dental Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan 20161, Italy.
| | - Abhaya Chandra Das
- Institute of Dental Science and SUM Hospital, Siksha O Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar 751003, India.
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Institute of Dental Science and SUM Hospital, Siksha O Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar 751003, India.
| | - Sital Panda
- Department of Public Health, Regional Medical Research Center, Bhubaneswar 751003, India.
| | - Massimo Del Fabbro
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20122, Italy.
- Dental Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan 20161, Italy.
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Contribution of Statins towards Periodontal Treatment: A Review. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:6367402. [PMID: 30936777 PMCID: PMC6415285 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6367402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The pleiotropic effects of statins have been evaluated to assess their potential benefit in the treatment of various inflammatory and immune-mediated diseases including periodontitis. Herein, the adjunctive use of statins in periodontal therapy in vitro, in vivo, and in clinical trials was reviewed. Statins act through several pathways to modulate inflammation, immune response, bone metabolism, and bacterial clearance. They control periodontal inflammation through inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines and promotion of anti-inflammatory and/or proresolution molecule release, mainly, through the ERK, MAPK, PI3-Akt, and NF-κB pathways. Moreover, they are able to modulate the host response activated by bacterial challenge, to prevent inflammation-mediated bone resorption and to promote bone formation. Furthermore, they reduce bacterial growth, disrupt bacterial membrane stability, and increase bacterial clearance, thus averting the exacerbation of infection. Local statin delivery as adjunct to both nonsurgical and surgical periodontal therapies results in better periodontal treatment outcomes compared to systemic delivery. Moreover, combination of statin therapy with other regenerative agents improves periodontal healing response. Therefore, statins could be proposed as a potential adjuvant to periodontal therapy. However, optimization of the combination of their dose, type, and carrier could be instrumental in achieving the best treatment response.
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Ghanaati S, Herrera-Vizcaino C, Al-Maawi S, Lorenz J, Miron RJ, Nelson K, Schwarz F, Choukroun J, Sader R. Fifteen Years of Platelet Rich Fibrin in Dentistry and Oromaxillofacial Surgery: How High is the Level of Scientific Evidence? J ORAL IMPLANTOL 2018; 44:471-492. [DOI: 10.1563/aaid-joi-d-17-00179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Platelet-rich fibrin is a blood concentrate system used for soft tissue and bone tissue regeneration. In the last decade, platelet rich fibrin (PRF) has been widely used in different indication fields, particularly in oral and maxillofacial surgery. This review investigates the level of scientific evidence of published articles related to the use of PRF for bone and soft tissue regeneration in dentistry and maxillofacial surgery. An electronic literature research using the biomedical search engine “National Library of Medicine” (PubMed-MEDLINE) was performed in May 2017. A total of 392 articles were found, 72 of which were classified for each indication field. When comparing PRF with biomaterials vs biomaterial alone in sinus lift (5 studies; IIa), no statistically significant differences were detected. Socket preservation and ridge augmentation using PRF significantly enhanced new bone formation compared to healing without PRF (7 studies Ib, IIa, IIb). Reepithelialization and bone regeneration was achieved in 96 of 101 patients diagnosed with medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (5 studies, III). In periodontology, PRF alone (6 studies; Ib, IIa, IIb) or its combination with biomaterials (6 studies; Ib, IIa, IIb) significantly improved the pocket depth and attachment loss compared to a treatment without PRF. Over 70% of the patients were part of studies with a high level of scientific evidence (randomized and controlled prospective studies). This published evidence (38 articles), with a high scientific level, showed that PRF is a beneficial tool that significantly improves bone and soft tissue regeneration. However, the clinical community requires a standardization of PRF protocols to further examine the benefit of PRF in bone and soft tissue regeneration in reproducible studies, with a higher scientific level of evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahram Ghanaati
- Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine (FORM) Lab, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Carlos Herrera-Vizcaino
- Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine (FORM) Lab, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sarah Al-Maawi
- Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine (FORM) Lab, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jonas Lorenz
- Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine (FORM) Lab, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Richard J Miron
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Fla
| | - Katja Nelson
- Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Center for Dental Medicine, University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Frank Schwarz
- Department of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Carolinum, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | - Robert Sader
- Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine (FORM) Lab, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
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Dewi AH, Ana ID. The use of hydroxyapatite bone substitute grafting for alveolar ridge preservation, sinus augmentation, and periodontal bone defect: A systematic review. Heliyon 2018; 4:e00884. [PMID: 30417149 PMCID: PMC6218667 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We determined and structurally analyzed the reported effect of hydroxyapatite (HA) bone substitute on alveolar bone regeneration. To the best of our knowledge, no systematic reviews have previously reported the bone regenerative effect of the HA bone substitute. MATERIALS AND METHODS A literature search was performed for articles published up to August 2015 using MEDLINE with the search terms "hydroxyapatite," "bone regeneration," and "alveolar bone" as well as their known synonyms. The inclusion criteria were set up for human trials with at least five patients. The literature search, eligible article selection, and data extraction were independently performed by two readers, and their agreement was reported by κ value. RESULTS Of the 504 studies found using the MEDLINE literature search, 241 were included for further steps (inter-reader agreement, κ = 0.968). Abstract screening yielded 74 studies (κ = 0.910), with 42 completely fulfilling the inclusion criteria (κ = 0.864). In a final step, 42 studies were further analyzed, with 17 and 25 studies with and without statistical analysis, respectively. The 17 studies reporting similar outcome measures were compared using the calculated 95% confidence intervals. The effect of HA on ridge preservation could not be evaluated. CONCLUSIONS The use of the HA bone substitute interfered with the normal healing process, with significant differences found for sinus augmentation but not for periodontal bone defects. Thus, a bone substitute with optimal bone regenerative properties for alveolar ridge or socket preservation, sinus augmentation, and periodontal bony defect should be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ika Dewi Ana
- Department of Dental Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
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Pankaj D, Sahu I, Kurian IG, Pradeep AR. Comparative evaluation of subgingivally delivered 1.2% rosuvastatin and 1% metformin gel in treatment of intrabony defects in chronic periodontitis: A randomized controlled clinical trial. J Periodontol 2018; 89:1318-1325. [PMID: 29802627 DOI: 10.1002/jper.17-0434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to explore and compare the clinical efficacy of locally delivered 1.2% Rosuvastatin (RSV) and 1% Metformin (MF) gel as an adjunct to scaling and root planning (SRP) in the treatment of intrabony defects in chronic periodontitis patients. METHODS A total of 90 volunteers were randomly assigned to three treatment groups; 1) SRP plus placebo gel; 2) SRP plus 1.2% RSV gel; 3) SRP plus 1% MF gel. Clinical parameters like modified sulcus bleeding index (mSBI), plaque index (PI), pocket probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) were recorded at baseline, 6 and 12 months and the radiologic assessment of bone defect fill was performed at 6 and 12 months. RESULTS mSBI, BP, PD, and CAL were improved in all the groups, however mean reductions in PD, CAL gain, and percentage of bone fill was found to be higher in RSV and MF groups than placebo group at all visits. CONCLUSION Adjunctive use of locally delivered 1.2% RSV and 1% MF gel stimulates a significant PD reduction, CAL gains and improved bone fill when compared with placebo gel. Results were significantly better with the use of 1.2% RSV gel than 1% MF gel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dileep Pankaj
- Department of Periodontology, Government Dental College & Research Institute, Bengaluru, India
| | - Ipshita Sahu
- Department of Periodontology, Government Dental College & Research Institute, Bengaluru, India
| | - Ida Grace Kurian
- Department of Periodontology, Government Dental College & Research Institute, Bengaluru, India
| | - A R Pradeep
- Department of Periodontology, Government Dental College & Research Institute, Bengaluru, India
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Yaprak E, Kasap M, Akpinar G, Islek EE, Sinanoglu A. Abundant proteins in platelet-rich fibrin and their potential contribution to wound healing: An explorative proteomics study and review of the literature. J Dent Sci 2018; 13:386-395. [PMID: 30895150 PMCID: PMC6388803 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose It is well-known that diverse types of blood proteins contribute to healing process via different mechanisms. Presence and potential involvements of blood-derived abundant proteins in the platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) to its regenerative capacity have not been sufficiently emphasized in the literature. The aim of this paper was to analyze the abundant proteome content of PRF and summarize previously reported effects of identified proteins on wound healing via a literature review. Materials and methods The PRF samples obtained from non-smoking, systemically healthy volunteers were subjected to 2D gel electrophoresis after extracting the proteins from fibrin matrices. All matching spots were excised from the gels and identified by MALDI TOF/TOF MS/MS analysis. A literature review was conducted to reveal possible contributions of identified proteins to wound healing. Results Totally, thirty-five blood proteins were commonly identified among all studied samples. These proteins included serine protease inhibitors, such as alpha-1-antitrypsin, alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, alpha-1-acid glycoprotein, inter-alpha-trypsin-inhibitor, protease C1 inhibitor, and complement proteins. In addition, abundant presence of immunoglobulin G was observed. The abundance of albumin, haptoglobin, ceruloplasmin vitronectin, fetuin-A, ficolin-3 and transthyretin was also detected. Conclusion The results of this study indicated that PRF abundantly contains blood-origin actors which were previously reported for their direct contribution to wound healing. Further studies exploring the protein content of PRF are needed to reveal its undisclosed potential roles in the healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Yaprak
- Kocaeli University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Kocaeli, Turkey
- Corresponding author. Kocaeli University, Faulty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Yuvacik, Basiskele, Kocaeli, Turkey. Fax: +90 2623442109.
| | - Murat Kasap
- Kocaeli University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Gurler Akpinar
- Kocaeli University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Eylul Ece Islek
- Kocaeli University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Alper Sinanoglu
- Kocaeli University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Oral Diagnosis Clinic, Kocaeli, Turkey
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Bertl K, Parllaku A, Pandis N, Buhlin K, Klinge B, Stavropoulos A. The effect of local and systemic statin use as an adjunct to non-surgical and surgical periodontal therapy-A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Dent 2018; 67:18-28. [PMID: 28855141 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2017.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 08/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of local and/or systemic statin use as an adjunct to non-surgical and/or surgical periodontal therapy. DATA Literature search according to PRISMA guidelines with the following eligibility criteria: (a) English or German language; (b) interventional studies; (c) statins as monotherapy or as an adjunct to non-surgical and/or surgical treatment of periodontitis; (d) clinical and/or radiographic treatment effect size of statin intake reported. SOURCES Medline (PubMed), Embase (Ovid), CENTRAL (Ovid). STUDY SELECTION Thirteen clinical studies regarding local application and 2 with systemic administration of statins as an adjunct to non-surgical treatment (SRP) and 4 studies regarding intrasurgical statin application with a maximum follow-up of 9 months could be included; simvastatin, atorvastatin, and rosuvastatin were used. Local but not systemic statin application as an adjunct to SRP yielded significantly larger probing pocket depth (PD), radiographic defect depth (RDD), and bleeding index reduction, and larger clinical attachment level gain, and less residual PD and RDD (p≤0.016); rosuvastatin appeared as the most efficacious. Three of 4 studies reported a significant positive effect of intrasurgical statin application. No adverse events were reported after statin use. The vast majority of the included studies were from the same research group. CONCLUSIONS Significant additional clinical and radiographic improvements are obtained after local, but not systemic, statin use as an adjunct to SRP in deep pockets associated with intrabony defects and seemingly with furcation defects; intrasurgical statin application seems similarly beneficial. Confirmation of these results, and especially of the effect size, from other research groups is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Bertl
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, University of Malmö, Sweden; Division of Oral Surgery, School of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Arlinda Parllaku
- Private Practice, Tirana, Albania; Postgraduate Course Periodontology, Medical University of Vienna
| | - Nikolaos Pandis
- School of Dental Medicine, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Kåre Buhlin
- Department of Dental Medicine, Division of Periodontology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Björn Klinge
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, University of Malmö, Sweden
| | - Andreas Stavropoulos
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, University of Malmö, Sweden.
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Kırzıoğlu FY, Özmen Ö, Doğan B, Bulut MT, Fentoğlu Ö, Özdem M. Effects of rosuvastatin on inducible nitric oxide synthase in rats with hyperlipidaemia and periodontitis. J Periodontal Res 2017; 53:258-266. [PMID: 29086411 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Nitric oxide is a free radical that is synthesized from l-arginine by nitric oxide synthase (NOS). The level of inducible NOS (iNOS) in gingiva with periodontitis is higher than that in healthy gingiva. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of rosuvastatin administration on alveolar bone loss (ABL) and iNOS(+) cell counts in gingival tissues in rats with ligature-induced experimental periodontitis with/without hyperlipidaemia. MATERIAL AND METHODS The rats were randomly divided into seven groups: Hy (cholesterol-added diet/water administration); HyP (cholesterol-added diet/periodontitis/water administration); HyPR (cholesterol-added diet/periodontitis/rosuvastatin administration); P (standard diet/periodontitis/water administration); PR (standard diet/periodontitis/rosuvastatin administration); C (standard diet/water administration); and R (standard diet/rosuvastatin administration). Experimental periodontitis was induced with silk ligatures, and rosuvastatin/water was administered to rats by oral gavage for the last 2 weeks of the 8-week study. After the rats were killed in week 8, histomorphometric and histological analyses were performed. Immunostained iNOS(+) cells were counted in the gingival samples and the Mann-Whitney U-test was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS The experimental groups exhibited increases in total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein, except for Groups C and R. The cholesterol-added diet induced ABL in Group Hy. Of the periodontitis groups, the lowest ABL was found in Group PR. While there was a significant difference in ABL between Groups P (0.82 ± 0.15 mm) and PR (0.70 ± 0.21 mm) receiving a standard diet (P < .05), no difference was observed between Groups HyP (0.77 ± 0.07 mm) and HyPR (0.76 ± 0.11 mm) receiving a cholesterol-added diet (P ˃ .05). Rosuvastatin significantly reduced expression of iNOS in Groups PR (18.40 ± 2.31%) and HyPR (24.00 ± 4.83%) compared with Group P (30.90 ± 2.42%; P < .001). However, a larger number of iNOS(+) cells was found in Group HyPR than in Group PR (P < .001). CONCLUSION Administration of rosuvastatin reduced gingival iNOS expression in ligature-induced periodontitis with/without hyperlipidaemia. It also led to significant differences in ABL in rats with periodontitis, except when periodontitis was associated with hyperlipidaemia. These findings could provide an important contribution in further studies to evaluate the role of rosuvastatin as a host modulatory agent in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Y Kırzıoğlu
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Ö Özmen
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
| | - B Doğan
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - M T Bulut
- Private Elitia Oral and Dental Health Polyclinic, Alanya - Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ö Fentoğlu
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - M Özdem
- Private Clinic, Bolu, Turkey
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Verma UP, Yadav RK, Dixit M, Gupta A. Platelet-rich Fibrin: A Paradigm in Periodontal Therapy - A Systematic Review. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2017; 7:227-233. [PMID: 29026693 PMCID: PMC5629849 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_429_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal tissue regeneration has always been a challenge for the periodontists owing to its structural complexity. Although with tissue engineering as a growing multidisciplinary field, this aim has partially been fulfilled. In recent years, platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) has gained wide attention for its utilization as a biocompatible regenerative material not only in dental but also in medical fields. The following systematic review has gathered all the currently available in vitro, animal, and clinical studies utilizing PubMed electronic database from January 2006 to August 2016 highlighting PRF for soft and hard tissue regeneration and/or wound healing. Although results are encouraging but require further validation from clinical studies to justify the potential role of PRF in periodontal regeneration so that this relatively inexpensive autologous biomaterial can be utilized at a wider scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umesh Pratap Verma
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Yadav
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Manisha Dixit
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhaya Gupta
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Lohi HS, Nayak DG, Uppoor AS. Comparative Evaluation of the Efficacy of Bioactive Ceramic Composite Granules Alone and in Combination with Platelet Rich Fibrin in the Treatment of Mandibular Class II Furcation Defects: A Clinical and Radiographic Study. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 11:ZC76-ZC80. [PMID: 28893049 PMCID: PMC5583767 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2017/23113.10255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Predictable closure of furcation defects with bone grafts, Guided Tissue Regeneration (GTR) and a combination of the two has remained an elusive goal so far. Hence, evaluation of biomimetic agents as candidate technologies for periodontal regeneration merit due consideration. In this study, Choukroun's Platelet Rich Fibrin (PRF), a second generation platelet concentrate, is combined with bone graft to examine if the addition enhances the therapeutic potential of bone graft in the management of Class II furcation defects. AIM To evaluate and compare the clinical effectiveness of Bioactive Ceramic Composite Granules (BCCG) alone and in combination with PRF in the treatment of mandibular Class II furcation defects. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty mandibular Class II furcation defects in 16 systemically healthy patients were randomly allocated to test and control groups. Test sites were treated with PRF and bone graft, while control sites were treated with BCCG alone. Soft tissue parameters (probing pocket depth and clinical attachment loss), hard tissue parameters (vertical and horizontal depth of furcation defects) and radiographic parameter (radiographic alveolar bone density) were measured at baseline and six months post surgery. Statistical analysis was performed using Wilcoxon signed rank test for intragroup comparison of parameters and Mann-Whitney U test for intergroup comparison. RESULTS Statistically significant improvement was observed in the test group compared to the control group with respect to all the measured parameters. However, complete furcation closure was not observed at any of the treated sites. CONCLUSION Adjunctive use of PRF with bone graft may be a more effective treatment modality in the management of mandibular Class II furcation defects when compared to bone graft alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hima S Lohi
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Periodontics, PSM College of Dental Science and Research, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - Dilip G Nayak
- Dean, Department of Periodontics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal University, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ashita S Uppoor
- Associate Dean, Department of Periodontics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal University, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
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Miron RJ, Zucchelli G, Pikos MA, Salama M, Lee S, Guillemette V, Fujioka-Kobayashi M, Bishara M, Zhang Y, Wang HL, Chandad F, Nacopoulos C, Simonpieri A, Aalam AA, Felice P, Sammartino G, Ghanaati S, Hernandez MA, Choukroun J. Use of platelet-rich fibrin in regenerative dentistry: a systematic review. Clin Oral Investig 2017; 21:1913-1927. [PMID: 28551729 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-017-2133-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Research across many fields of medicine now points towards the clinical advantages of combining regenerative procedures with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF). This systematic review aimed to gather the extensive number of articles published to date on PRF in the dental field to better understand the clinical procedures where PRF may be utilized to enhance tissue/bone formation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Manuscripts were searched systematically until May 2016 and separated into the following categories: intrabony and furcation defect regeneration, extraction socket management, sinus lifting procedures, gingival recession treatment, and guided bone regeneration (GBR) including horizontal/vertical bone augmentation procedures. Only human randomized clinical trials were included for assessment. RESULTS In total, 35 articles were selected and divided accordingly (kappa = 0.94). Overall, the use of PRF has been most investigated in periodontology for the treatment of periodontal intrabony defects and gingival recessions where the majority of studies have demonstrated favorable results in soft tissue management and repair. Little to no randomized clinical trials were found for extraction socket management although PRF has been shown to significantly decrease by tenfold dry sockets of third molars. Very little to no data was available directly investigating the effects of PRF on new bone formation in GBR, horizontal/vertical bone augmentation procedures, treatment of peri-implantitis, and sinus lifting procedures. CONCLUSIONS Much investigation now supports the use of PRF for periodontal and soft tissue repair. Despite this, there remains a lack of well-conducted studies demonstrating convincingly the role of PRF during hard tissue bone regeneration. Future human randomized clinical studies evaluating the use of PRF on bone formation thus remain necessary. CLINICAL RELEVANCE PRF was shown to improve soft tissue generation and limit dimensional changes post-extraction, with little available data to date supporting its use in GBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Miron
- College of Dental Medicine, Department of Periodontology, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA. .,Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Giovanni Zucchelli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Maurice Salama
- College of Dental Medicine, Department of Periodontology, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA.,Department of Periodontology, Georgia University, Athens, GA, USA.,Goldstein Garber & Salama, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Samuel Lee
- International Academy of Dental Implantology, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Masako Fujioka-Kobayashi
- College of Dental Medicine, Department of Periodontology, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA.,Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Oral Surgery, Clinical Dentistry, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Mark Bishara
- West Bowmanville Dental, Bowmanville, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- Department of Oral Implantology, University of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - Hom-Lay Wang
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Fatiha Chandad
- Department of Periodontology, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Cleopatra Nacopoulos
- Laboratory for Research of the Musculoskeletal System, KAT Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Alain Simonpieri
- Oral Surgery Department, University Federico II Naples, Naples, Italy.,Periodontology and Implantology, Beausoleil, France.,Periodontology and Implantology, Marseille, France
| | - Alexandre Amir Aalam
- Department of Advanced Periodontics, USC School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Pietro Felice
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gilberto Sammartino
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Shahram Ghanaati
- FORM, Frankfurt Oral Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Maria A Hernandez
- College of Dental Medicine, Department of Periodontology, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
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Garg S, Pradeep A. 1.2% Rosuvastatin and 1.2% Atorvastatin Gel Local Drug Delivery and Redelivery in the Treatment of Class II Furcation Defects: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. J Periodontol 2017; 88:259-265. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2016.160399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Garg
- Department of Periodontology, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - A.R. Pradeep
- Department of Periodontology, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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Kırzıoğlu FY, Tözüm Bulut M, Doğan B, Fentoğlu Ö, Özmen Ö, Çarsancaklı SA, Ergün AG, Özdem M, Orhan H. Anti-inflammatory effect of rosuvastatin decreases alveolar bone loss in experimental periodontitis. J Oral Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.16-0398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Y. Kırzıoğlu
- Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Süleyman Demirel
| | - Memduha Tözüm Bulut
- Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Süleyman Demirel
| | - Burak Doğan
- Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Mustafa Kemal
| | - Özlem Fentoğlu
- Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Süleyman Demirel
| | - Özlem Özmen
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Mehmet Akif Ersoy
| | | | - Ayşe G. Ergün
- Microbiology Department, Konya Numune Training and Research Hospital
| | - Muhsin Özdem
- Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Abant Izzet Baysal
| | - Hikmet Orhan
- Biostatistics and Medical Informatics Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Süleyman Demirel
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Platelet Rich Fibrin “PRF” and Regenerative Medicine: ‘The Low-Speed Concept’. STEM CELL BIOLOGY AND REGENERATIVE MEDICINE 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-55645-1_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Abstract
Mandibular fracture is the most common injury seen in facial fractures and plays an important role for oral and maxillofacial surgery department. The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential of the local administration of rosuvastatin (RSV) on mandibular fracture healing in rats. Thirty-two rats were divided into 4 groups: group C-14 (control), group R-14, group C-28 (control), and group R-28. A unilateral standard vertical osteotomy was performed right side of the mandibula extending from the tooth to the mandibular basis for each animal. In groups C-14 and C-28 sterile saline treated absorbable collogen sponge was applied to the fracture area, in groups R-14 and R-28 absorbable collogen sponge with saline solution containing 1 mg RSV was applied to the fracture area. Animals in groups C-14 and R-14 were euthanized on the 14th day, groups C-28 and R-28 were euthanized on the 28th day after operation. Stereologic analyses were performed. New bone area and connective tissue volumes were measured. Stereologic analysis showed that group R-14 had significantly more new bone at 2 weeks compared with group C-14. Connective tissue volumes were also significantly higher in R-14. New bone and connective tissue volume differences were not statistically significant between groups C-28 and R-28. Locally administered RSV enhances early bone regeneration on mandibular fracture in rats.
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Sinjab K, Zimmo N, Lin GH, Chung MP, Shaikh L, Wang HL. The Effect of Locally Delivered Statins on Treating Periodontal Intrabony Defects: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Periodontol 2016; 88:357-367. [PMID: 27767388 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2016.160384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Use of statins on adult patients with chronic periodontitis shows a positive effect on their periodontal status. However, effect of locally delivered statins on periodontal treatment has not yet been systematically analyzed. Hence, the present systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate efficacy of statins on treating localized periodontal intrabony defects (IBDs). METHODS An electronic search of three databases (PubMed, Embase, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature) between January 1, 1965 and March 1, 2016, and a hand search of peer-reviewed journals for relevant articles were performed. Controlled randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and prospective studies with data on comparison between adjunctive locally delivered statin use to mechanical scaling and root planing (SRP) and placebo in each group, with minimum 10 participants and follow-up period of at least 6 months, were included. RESULTS Ten studies, eight RCTs and two prospective studies, were included. Each study included 15 to 105 patients between 25 and 55 years of age. Statistical results were recorded; weighted mean difference (WMD) and confidence interval (CI) were calculated; and meta-analyses were performed for defect fill, probing depth (PD) reduction, and clinical attachment level (CAL) gain in both statin and placebo/no treatment groups. Overall analysis of defect fill presented WMD of 1.37 mm (95% CI = 0.96 to 1.77; P <0.0001), PD reduction presented WMD of 1.76 mm (95% CI = 1.04 to 2.47; P <0.0001), and CAL gain presented WMD of 1.58 mm (95% CI = 0.89 to 2.28; P <0.0001). However, comparison presented considerable heterogeneity among studies. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review and meta-analysis find that adjunctive use of locally delivered statins to mechanical SRP is beneficial to increasing bone fill percentage. Improved inflammatory and bleeding control as well as PD reduction and CAL gain are possible advantages to using these drugs in treating patients with periodontal IBDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Sinjab
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Nouf Zimmo
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Guo-Hao Lin
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI.,Department of Surgical Sciences, Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Ming-Pang Chung
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Lujain Shaikh
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Hom-Lay Wang
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI
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Guler B, Uraz A, Yalım M, Bozkaya S. The Comparison of Porous Titanium Granule and Xenograft in the Surgical Treatment of Peri-Implantitis: A Prospective Clinical Study. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2016; 19:316-327. [DOI: 10.1111/cid.12453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Berceste Guler
- Assistant professor, Department of Periodontology; Dumlupınar University Faculty of Dentistry; Kütahya Turkey
| | - Ahu Uraz
- Associate professor, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology; Gazi University; Ankara Turkey
| | - Mehmet Yalım
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology; Professor Gazi University; Ankara Turkey
| | - Suleyman Bozkaya
- Associate professor, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Gazi University; Ankara Turkey
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Kanoriya D, Pradeep AR, Singhal S, Garg V, Guruprasad CN. Synergistic Approach Using Platelet-Rich Fibrin and 1% Alendronate for Intrabony Defect Treatment in Chronic Periodontitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Periodontol 2016; 87:1427-1435. [PMID: 27562221 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2016.150698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is a reservoir of concentrated platelets that provides a pool of biologic growth-promoting factors and cytokines, which help in mediating regeneration of lost bone and soft tissue maturation. Alendronate (ALN), a member of the amino-bisphosphonate group, is known to enhance periodontal tissue regeneration by inhibiting osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and promoting osteoblast-mediated osteogenesis. The current intervention aims to assess combined effectiveness of PRF and 1% ALN with access therapy in intrabony defect (IBD) treatment in patients with chronic periodontitis (CP). METHODS Single IBDs in 90 patients were categorized into three groups: 1) group 1 had access therapy alone; 2) group 2 had access therapy with PRF; and 3) group 3 had access therapy with PRF + 1% ALN. Site-specific plaque index, modified sulcus bleeding index, probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and gingival marginal level, included as parameters for clinical assessment, were evaluated before surgery at baseline and 9 months postoperatively. Percentage IBD depth reduction, assessed using radiographs, was evaluated at baseline and postoperatively. RESULTS Compared with groups 1 and 2, group 3 exhibited significantly greater reduction in PD and gain in CAL postoperatively. Significantly greater IBD depth reduction was shown in group 3 (54.05% ± 2.88%) compared with group 2 (46% ± 1.89%) and group 1 (7.33% ± 4.86%) postoperatively. CONCLUSION Combined approach therapy of PRF + 1% ALN for IBD treatment in patients with CP showed better clinical parameter outcomes with greater IBD depth reduction compared with PRF and access therapy alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra Kanoriya
- Department of Periodontology, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - A R Pradeep
- Department of Periodontology, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sandeep Singhal
- Department of Periodontology, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Vibhuti Garg
- Department of Periodontology, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - C N Guruprasad
- Department of Periodontology, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Pradeep AR, Garg V, Kanoriya D, Singhal S. Platelet-Rich Fibrin With 1.2% Rosuvastatin for Treatment of Intrabony Defects in Chronic Periodontitis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. J Periodontol 2016; 87:1468-1473. [PMID: 27452270 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2016.160015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regenerative periodontal therapy encompasses use of various bioactive agents that are not only inflammomodulatory but also osteoclast-inhibitory or, rather, osteostimulative. Hypolipidemic statin drugs, particularly rosuvastatin (RSV), are known to be associated with alveolar bone formation and periodontal improvements. Platelet analogs such as platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), being rich sources of growth factors, have also come into widespread periodontal regenerative use. The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare efficacy of open flap debridement (OFD) with or without PRF or PRF + 1.2% RSV gel in treatment of intrabony defects (IBDs) in patients with chronic periodontitis (CP). METHODS Ninety individuals with a total of 90 IBDs were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups: 1) OFD alone; 2) OFD + PRF; and 3) OFD + PRF + 1.2% RSV gel placement. Measurements recorded at baseline and 9 months after surgery were: 1) plaque index (PI); 2) modified sulcus bleeding index (mSBI); 3) probing depth (PD); 4) clinical attachment level (CAL); and 5) IBD depth. RESULTS Significant PI and mSBI reductions were observed in all three groups. PRF placement significantly enhanced improvements in periodontal parameters compared with OFD alone. Addition of 1.2% RSV gel to PRF resulted in significantly greater CAL gain and PD and IBD depth reductions over 9 months compared with other groups. CONCLUSION OFD with RSV (1.2%) and PRF results in significantly greater periodontal benefits compared with OFD alone or with PRF.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Pradeep
- Department of Periodontology, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Vibhuti Garg
- Department of Periodontology, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Dharmendra Kanoriya
- Department of Periodontology, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sandeep Singhal
- Department of Periodontology, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Martande SS, Kumari M, Pradeep AR, Singh SP, Suke DK, Guruprasad CN. Platelet-Rich Fibrin Combined With 1.2% Atorvastatin for Treatment of Intrabony Defects in Chronic Periodontitis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. J Periodontol 2016; 87:1039-46. [PMID: 27294433 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2016.150306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), a second-generation platelet concentrate, and atorvastatin (ATV), a potent member of the statin group, are known to promote tissue regeneration. The current study is designed to evaluate combined efficacy of PRF and 1.2% ATV gel with open flap debridement (OFD) in treatment of intrabony defects (IBDs) in individuals with chronic periodontitis (CP). METHODS Ninety-six individuals with single defects were categorized into three groups: 1) OFD with PRF; 2) OFD with PRF + 1.2% ATV; and 3) OFD alone. Clinical parameters: 1) site-specific plaque index; 2) modified sulcus bleeding index; 3) probing depth (PD); 4) relative clinical attachment level (rCAL); and 5) gingival marginal level were recorded at baseline before surgery and 9 months postoperatively. Percentage radiographic IBD depth reduction was evaluated at baseline and 9 months. RESULTS PRF + 1.2% ATV and PRF alone showed significantly greater PD reduction and rCAL gain compared with OFD alone at 9 months. Furthermore, PRF + 1.2% ATV showed a similar percentage radiographic defect depth reduction (50.96% ± 4.88%) compared with PRF alone (47.91% ± 4.79%), and a greater reduction compared with OFD alone (5.54% ± 1.71%) at 9 months. CONCLUSIONS PRF + 1.2% ATV showed similar improvements in clinical parameters with a greater percentage radiographic defect depth reduction compared with PRF alone in treatment of IBDs in individuals with CP. Thus, 1.2% ATV failed to augment the regenerative potential of PRF alone in periodontal IBDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh S Martande
- Department of Periodontics, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Minal Kumari
- Department of Periodontics, Vydehi Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Center, Bangalore, India
| | - A R Pradeep
- Department of Periodontics, Government Dental College & Research Institute, Bangalore, India
| | - Sonender Pal Singh
- Department of Periodontics, Government Dental College & Research Institute, Bangalore, India
| | - Deepak Kumar Suke
- Department of Periodontics, Government Dental College & Research Institute, Bangalore, India
| | - C N Guruprasad
- Department of Periodontics, Government Dental College & Research Institute, Bangalore, India
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Troiano G, Laino L, Dioguardi M, Giannatempo G, Lo Muzio L, Lo Russo L. Mandibular Class II Furcation Defect Treatment: Effects of the Addition of Platelet Concentrates to Open Flap: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials. J Periodontol 2016; 87:1030-8. [PMID: 27145146 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2016.160058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To improve the efficacy and outcomes of regenerative therapy for furcation defects, the use of platelet concentrates (PCs) in addition to open flap debridement (OFD) has been investigated. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate whether mandibular Class II furcation defects treated with the addition of PC to OFD heal with a significant improvement in the following: 1) horizontal clinical attachment level (HCAL); 2) vertical clinical attachment level (VCAL); 3) probing depth (PD); and 4) level of gingival margin (LGM). METHODS Electronic databases (MEDLINE, EBSCO Library, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and SCOPUS) were searched for randomized clinical trials to address the use of PCs in combination with OFD compared with a control group without PCs for the treatment of mandibular Class II furcation defects in humans and to provide data on the above reported outcome measures. The results of selected studies were converted to mean difference and standard error and interpolated using the inverse of variance test. Heterogeneity was investigated using both the Higgins index and the Q test. RESULTS Of 254 articles screened, only 11 were read in full text, and three of these were included in the meta-analysis. The addition of PCs to OFD revealed a small improvement in the following: 1) HCAL (mean difference, 1.36 mm; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.07 to 1.65); 2) VCAL (mean difference, 1.54 mm; 95% CI = 1.23 to 1.85); and 3) PD (mean difference, 1.83 mm; 95% CI = 1.36 to 2.29). No differences were found for the LGM. Heterogeneity across the studies was high, and all the three included studies were performed in one country. CONCLUSIONS Adding PCs to OFD for the treatment of mandibular Class II furcation defects may lead to slight improvements in clinical parameters. Nonetheless, because of the high heterogeneity of the very small number of reported studies and the small effect size, no definitive conclusion can be achieved about the clinical application of such a treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Troiano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Luigi Laino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Mario Dioguardi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Giannatempo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Lo Muzio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Lucio Lo Russo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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Pradeep AR, Garg V, Kanoriya D, Singhal S. 1.2% Rosuvastatin Versus 1.2% Atorvastatin Gel Local Drug Delivery and Redelivery in Treatment of Intrabony Defects in Chronic Periodontitis: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. J Periodontol 2016; 87:756-62. [PMID: 26878748 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2016.150706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Statins (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors) are an important group of hypolipidemic drugs that are able to modulate inflammation and alveolar bone loss. Rosuvastatin (RSV) and atorvastatin (ATV) are known to inhibit osteoclastic bone resorption and have been proposed to have osteostimulative properties. The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the efficacy of 1.2% RSV and 1.2% ATV gel local drug delivery (LDD) and redelivery systems, in addition to scaling and root planing (SRP), for the treatment of intrabony defects (IBDs) in patients with chronic periodontitis (CP). METHODS A total of 90 individuals with 90 IBDs was randomly allocated to treatment with SRP followed by LDD of 1.2% RSV, 1.2% ATV, or placebo gel. Clinical and radiographic parameters, including plaque index (PI), modified sulcus bleeding index (mSBI), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and IBD depth, were recorded at baseline and 6 and 9 months. RESULTS All three groups showed significant reduction in PI and mSBI at all intervals. Mean mSBI and PD reductions, CAL gain, and IBD depth reduction with statin drugs were significantly greater than with placebo gel LDD. Improvements in these parameters were significantly greater with RSV LDD than ATV or placebo gels at 6 and 9 months. CONCLUSION LDD of 1.2% RSV results in significantly greater clinico-radiographic improvement than 1.2% ATV or placebo gels as adjunct to mechanical periodontal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Pradeep
- Department of Periodontology, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Vibhuti Garg
- Department of Periodontology, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Dharmendra Kanoriya
- Department of Periodontology, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sandeep Singhal
- Department of Periodontology, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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