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Tiucă RA, Tiucă OM, Pop RM, Paşcanu IM. Comparing therapeutic outcomes: radioactive iodine therapy versus non-radioactive iodine therapy in differentiated thyroid cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1442714. [PMID: 39371921 PMCID: PMC11452844 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1442714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Radioactive iodine (RAI) has been utilized for nearly 80 years in treating both hyperthyroidism and thyroid cancer, and it continues to play a central role in the management of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) today. Recently, the use of RAI therapy for indolent, low-risk DTC has generated considerable debate. This case-control study evaluated the therapeutic response in DTC patients, comparing outcomes between those who received RAI therapy and those who did not. Methods The study included individuals diagnosed with either indolent or aggressive histological types of DTC who either underwent RAI therapy or did not. For each patient, information regarding demographics (age, sex, background), clinical data, laboratory parameters, pathological exam, history of RAI therapy, thyroid ultrasound findings, and loco-regional or distant metastasis was extracted. All group comparisons were made using a two-sided test at an α level of 5%. Results Out of 104 patients diagnosed with DTC, 76 met the inclusion criteria and were subsequently divided into two primary groups based on their history of RAI ablation. The majority of patients underwent RAI therapy (76.3%). Most patients had a good biochemical (68.4%, p = 0.246) and structural control (72.4%, p = 0.366), without a significant difference between the two groups. RAI therapy significantly protected against incomplete biochemical control in the overall population (p = 0.019) and in patients with histological indolent DTC (p = 0.030). Predictive factors for incomplete biochemical control included male sex (p = 0.008) and incomplete structural control (p = 0.002) across all patients, regardless of the histological type. Discussions While RAI therapy has traditionally been used to manage DTC, our study found no significant difference in biochemical and structural responses between patients who received RAI therapy and those who did not. However, RAI therapy emerged as a protective factor against incomplete biochemical control, even in histological indolent DTC cases. These findings suggest that while RAI therapy may not be universally necessary, it could be beneficial in reducing the risk of biochemical recurrence in select patient subgroups, such as those with incomplete structural control or male patients. Thus, a personalized approach to RAI therapy, tailored to individual risk factors, may improve patient outcomes without overtreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Aurelian Tiucă
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, Targu Mures, Romania
- Department of Endocrinology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, Targu Mures, Romania
- Compartment of Endocrinology, Mures County Clinical Hospital, Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Oana Mirela Tiucă
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, Targu Mures, Romania
- Department of Dermatology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, Targu Mures, Romania
- Dermatology Clinic, Mures County Clinical Hospital, Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Raluca Monica Pop
- Department of Endocrinology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, Targu Mures, Romania
- Compartment of Endocrinology, Mures County Clinical Hospital, Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Ionela Maria Paşcanu
- Department of Endocrinology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, Targu Mures, Romania
- Compartment of Endocrinology, Mures County Clinical Hospital, Targu Mures, Romania
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Razavi SA, Kalari M, Haghzad T, Haddadi F, Nasiri S, Hedayati M. Exploring the potential of myo-inositol in thyroid disease management: focus on thyroid cancer diagnosis and therapy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1418956. [PMID: 39329107 PMCID: PMC11424451 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1418956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer (TC) is a malignancy that is increasing in prevalence on a global scale, necessitating the development of innovative approaches for both diagnosis and treatment. Myo-inositol (MI) plays a crucial role in a wide range of physiological and pathological functions within human cells. To date, studies have investigated the function of MI in thyroid physiology as well as its potential therapeutic benefits for hypothyroidism and autoimmune thyroiditis. However, research in the field of TC is very restricted. Metabolomics studies have highlighted the promising diagnostic capabilities of MI, recognizing it as a metabolic biomarker for identifying thyroid tumors. Furthermore, MI can influence therapeutic characteristics by modulating key cellular pathways involved in TC. This review evaluates the potential application of MI as a naturally occurring compound in the management of thyroid diseases, including hypothyroidism, autoimmune thyroiditis, and especially TC. The limited number of studies conducted in the field of TC emphasizes the critical need for future research to comprehend the multifaceted role of MI in TC. A significant amount of research and clinical trials is necessary to understand the role of MI in the pathology of TC, its diagnostic and therapeutic potential, and to pave the way for personalized medicine strategies in managing this intricate disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Adeleh Razavi
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Kalari
- Department of Biochemistry, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Tahereh Haghzad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Haddadi
- Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirzad Nasiri
- Department of Surgery, Shariati Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hedayati
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Liu J, Feng Z, Gao R, Liu P, Meng F, Fan L, Liu L, Du Y. Analysis of risk factors for papillary thyroid carcinoma and the association with thyroid function indicators. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1429932. [PMID: 39286267 PMCID: PMC11402740 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1429932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to analyze the relationship between papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and various factors. Methods The study involved two groups-PTC patients and non-PTC controls. We utilized binary logistic regression and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (Lasso) regression for variable selection and risk factor analysis. Correlation analysis was performed using Spearman's rank correlation. The diagnostic value of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels for PTC was assessed using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves. Results PTC patients exhibited higher body mass index (BMI) (23.71 vs. 22.66, p<0.05) and TSH levels (3.38 vs. 1.59, p<0.05). Urinary iodine concentration (UIC) was an independent predictor of PTC (OR=1.005, p<0.05). The optimal TSH threshold for PTC diagnosis was 2.4 mIU/L [The Area Under the Curve (AUC)=67.3%, specificity=71.4%, sensitivity=70.1%]. TSH levels positively correlated with BMI (r=0.593, p<0.05) and UIC (r=0.737, p<0.05). Conclusions UIC may be an independent predictor of PTC, and TSH levels have some diagnostic value for identifying PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianning Liu
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhuoying Feng
- Department of Physical Diagnostics, Beidahuang Industry Group General Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ru Gao
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Fangang Meng
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lijun Fan
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lixiang Liu
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yang Du
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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Kim D, Li G, Moon PK, Ma Y, Sim S, Park SY, Oh M, Megwalu UC. Thyroid Cancer Incidence Among Korean Individuals: A Comparison of South Korea and the United States. Laryngoscope 2024; 134:4156-4160. [PMID: 38727257 DOI: 10.1002/lary.31490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare thyroid cancer incidence rates and trends between Korean, non-Korean Asian, and non-Hispanic White populations in the United States, and between the US Korean population and the South Korean population. METHOD Population-based analysis of cancer incidence data. Cases of thyroid cancer diagnosed during 1999-2014 from the Korean Central Cancer Registry (KCCR) and the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) 9 detailed Asian/Pacific Islander subgroup incidence and population dataset were included. Incidence rates were obtained from the datasets, and annual percent change (APC) of the incidence rates was calculated using Joinpoint regression analysis. RESULTS Thyroid cancer incidence rate for 1999-2014 was significantly higher for South Korea (48.05 [95% CI 47.89-48.22] per 100,000 person-years) than for the US Korean population (11.12 [95% CI 10.49-11.78] per 100,000 person-years), which was slightly higher than the Non-Korean Asian population (10.23 [95% CI 10.02-10.43] per 100,000 person-years), and slightly lower than the Non-Hispanic White population (12.78 [95% CI 12.69-12.87] per 100,000 person-years). Incidence rates in South Korea increased dramatically (average APC 17.9, 95% CI 16.0-19.9), significantly higher than the US Korean population (average APC 5.0, 95% CI 3.1-6.8), which was similar to the non-Korean Asian (average APC 2.5, 95% CI 0.9-4.2) and the non-Hispanic White (average APC 5.1, 95% CI 4.7-5.6) populations. CONCLUSIONS South Korea's high thyroid cancer incidence rates cannot be attributed to genetic factors, but are likely due to health care system factors. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3 Laryngoscope, 134:4156-4160, 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dohun Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan, Korea
| | - Guan Li
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, U.S.A
| | - Peter K Moon
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, U.S.A
| | - Yifei Ma
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, U.S.A
| | - Soohyun Sim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan, Korea
| | - Sung Y Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan, Korea
| | - Minkyung Oh
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan, Korea
| | - Uchechukwu C Megwalu
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, U.S.A
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Peng W, Xu B, Zhou H, Du J, Ge X, Huang S. Causal effects of autoimmune diseases on thyroid cancer: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1401458. [PMID: 39175579 PMCID: PMC11339619 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1401458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Although numerous studies had revealed associations between autoimmune diseases (AIDs) and thyroid cancer (TC), the potential causal associations between the two remain poorly defined. Methods Using five approaches, two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were carried out to determine the causal effects of 12 major AIDs on risk of TC. The sensitivity analyses were conducted to verify the reliability of the analysis. The reverse MR analysis was performed to evaluate the possibility of reverse causation. Results The results showed a significant causal association of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) on the risk of TC. Genetically predicted PBC elevated the risk of TC (OR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.06-2.02, p = 0.021). The risk of TC was also increased by genetically predicted SLE (OR = 6.52, 95% CI = 1.38-30.84, p = 0.018) with heterogeneity. After outlier-corrected analyses, the results still suggested that genetically predicted SLE increased the risk of TC (p = 0.019). No evidence of a causal relationship between the remaining 10 AIDs and TC was observed. No reverse causal effects of TC on AIDs were found in reverse MR analysis. Conclusion These findings support a significant causal association of SLE/PBC on the increased risk of TC, indicating that patients with SLE/PBC should be under a close monitoring of TC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Shan Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Alwehaidah MS, Al-Awadhi R, Roomy MA, Baqer TA. Mitochondrial DNA copy number and risk of papillary thyroid carcinoma. BMC Endocr Disord 2024; 24:138. [PMID: 39090709 PMCID: PMC11295319 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-024-01669-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number is associated with tumor activity and carcinogenesis. This study was undertaken to investigate mtDNA copy number in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) tissues and to evaluate the risk of PTC development. The clinicopathological features of patients and mtDNA copy number were correlated. The value of mtDNA copy number was evaluated as a biomarker for PTC. METHOD DNA was extracted from 105 PTC tissues and 67 control thyroid tissues, and mtDNA copy number mtDNA oxidative damage were determined using qPCR techniques. RESULTS Overall, the relative mtDNA copy number was significantly higher in PTC patients (p < 0.001). The risk of developing PTC increased significantly across the tertiles of mtDNA copy number (p trend < 0.001). The higher the mtDNA copy number tertile, the greater the risk of developing PTC. Patients with follicular variants had an odds ratio of 2.09 (95% CI: 1.78-2.44) compared to those with classical variants (p < 0.001). The level of mtDNA oxidative damage in PTC was significantly elevated compared to controls (p < 0.001). The ROC analysis of mtDNA copy number indicated an area under the curve (AUC) of 77.7% (95% CI: 0.71 to 0.85, p < 0.001) for the ability of mtDNA copy number z-scores in differentiate between PTC and controls. CONCLUSION Our results indicated that the augmentation of mtDNA content plays a significant role during the initiation of thyroid cancer, and it might represent a potential biomarker for predicting the risk of PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Materah Salem Alwehaidah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kuwait University, Jabriyah City, Kuwait.
| | - Rana Al-Awadhi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kuwait University, Jabriyah City, Kuwait
| | - Moody Al Roomy
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kuwait University, Jabriyah City, Kuwait
| | - Tahani Al Baqer
- Histopathology Laboratory, Cancer Control Center (KCCC), Sabah Health Area, Ministry of Health, Sulaibikhat City, Kuwait
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Leng X, Liu J, Zou Q, Wang C, Yang S. Application of color doppler ultrasound and US shear wave elastography with connective tissue growth factor in the risk assessment of papillary thyroid carcinoma. BMC Med Imaging 2024; 24:173. [PMID: 38997649 PMCID: PMC11241941 DOI: 10.1186/s12880-024-01354-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to investigate the role of shear wave elastography (SWE) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in the assessment of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) prognosis. METHODS CTGF expression was detected with immunohistochemistry. Clinical and pathological data were collected. Parameters of conventional ultrasound combined with SWE were also collected. The relationship among CTGF expression, ultrasound indicators, the elastic modulus and the clinicopathological parameters were analyzed. RESULTS Univariate analysis showed that patients with high risk of PTC were characterized with male, Uygur ethnicity, increased expression of CTGF, convex lesions, calcified, incomplete capsule, intranodular blood flow, rear echo attenuation, cervical lymph node metastasis, lesions larger than 1 cm, psammoma bodies, advanced clinical stage, increased TSH and high value in the shear modulus (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the risk factors of high expression of CTGF according to contribution size order were irregular shape, aspect ratio ≥ 1, and increased TSH. The logistic regression model equation was Logit (P) = 1.153 + 1.055 × 1 + 0.926 × 2 + 1.190 × 3 and the Area Under Curve value of the logistic regression was calculated to be 0.850, with a 95% confidence interval of 0.817 to 0.883. CONCLUSION SWE and CTGF are of great value in the risk assessment of PTC. The degree of fibrosis of PTC is closely related to the prognosis. The hardness of PTC lesions and the expression level of CTGF are correlated with the main indexes of conventional ultrasound differentiating benign or malignant nodules. Irregular shape, aspect ratio ≥ 1, and increased TSH are independent factors of CTGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Leng
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University(Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan, Guangdong, P.R. China.
| | - Jinhui Liu
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University(Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Qiao Zou
- Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, P.R. China
| | - Changchun Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, P.R. China
| | - Sen Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, P.R. China
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Zhou J, Liang B, Liu Y, Wang S, Xu H, Li K, Liang H, Sun Z, Wang Y, Zhang J, Hu X, Qin P. Exploring temporal trends and influencing factors for thyroid cancer in Guangzhou, China: 2004-2018. Endocrine 2024; 84:509-523. [PMID: 37936008 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03578-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Describe and analyze the trends of thyroid cancer incidence and mortality in Guangzhou, explore the potential influencing factors, and provide evidence for the government to formulate prevention and treatment measures. METHODS Incident and death cases of thyroid cancer were retrieved from the Guangzhou cancer registry. The joinpoint regression models were used to estimate the incidence and mortality trends. Age-period-cohort models were used to estimate the age, period, and cohort effects on the time trends. Grey correlation analysis was performed to explore possible connections between thyroid cancer and social factors. RESULTS A total of 15,955 new cases of thyroid cancer were registered in Guangzhou during 2004-2018, the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of thyroid cancer increased from 4.29/105 in 2004 to 22.36/105 in 2018, with the average annual percentage change (AAPC) of 13.40%. The overall increase can be attributed to the increase in the incidence of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), which was dominated by tumors <2 cm. The ASIR was higher in women (16.12/105) compared to men (5.46/105), and young and middle-aged individuals had higher incidence rates than older people. The number of thyroid cancer deaths registered between 2010 and 2018 was 356, and the age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs) were stable (approximately 0.42/105). Men's ASMR (0.34/105) and women's (0.49/105) were similar, and those 60 and older had greater mortality. The period and cohort relative risks showed an overall increasing trend. Furthermore, there was a strong positive correlation between the ASIRs and social determinants. CONCLUSIONS During the study period, the incidence rate of thyroid cancer among young and middle-aged people in Guangzhou showed a rapidly increasing trend, and the mortality was relatively stable. In the future, more effective preventive measures should be taken for this age group to reduce the burden of disease and avoid overdiagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Boheng Liang
- Department of Chronic Noncommunicable Disease Prevention and Control, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanhong Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Suixiang Wang
- Department of Chronic Noncommunicable Disease Prevention and Control, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huan Xu
- Department of Chronic Noncommunicable Disease Prevention and Control, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Chronic Noncommunicable Disease Prevention and Control, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huiting Liang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zeyu Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yawen Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaoqin Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
| | - Pengzhe Qin
- Department of Chronic Noncommunicable Disease Prevention and Control, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Shi L, Guo M, Shi C, Gao G, Xu X, Zhang C, Fu J, Ni Y, Wang F, Xue X, Yu F. Distinguishing benign and malignant thyroid nodules using plasma trimethylamine N-oxide, carnitine, choline and betaine. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:142. [PMID: 38503944 PMCID: PMC10951046 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-024-05666-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a gut microbiome-derived metabolite, and its precursors (carnitine, choline, betaine) have not been fully examined in relation to thyroid cancer (TC) risk. The aim of this study was to assess the value of TMAO and its precursors in diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid nodules. METHODS In this study, high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was utilized to measure the levels of plasma TMAO and its precursors (choline, carnitine, and betaine) in 215 TC patients, 63 benign thyroid nodules (BTN) patients and 148 healthy controls (HC). The distribution of levels of TMAO and its precursors among the three groups were compared by the Kruskal-Wallis test. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was performed to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, and the predictive accuracy of single and combined biomarkers. RESULTS In comparison to HC, TC showed higher levels of TMAO and lower levels of its precursors (carnitine, choline, and betaine) (all P < 0.001). Plasma choline (P < 0.01) and betaine (P < 0.05) were declined in BTN than HC. The levels of carnitine (P < 0.001) and choline (P < 0.05) were significantly higher in BTN than that in TC group. Plasma TMAO showed lower levels in TC with lymph node metastasis (101.5 (73.1-144.5) ng/ml) than those without lymph node metastasis (131 (84.8-201) ng/ml, P < 0.05). Combinations of these four metabolites achieved good performance in the differential diagnosis, with the area under the ROC curve of 0.703, 0.741, 0.793 when discriminating between TC and BTN, BTN and HC, TC and HC, respectively. CONCLUSION Plasma TMAO, along with its precursors could serve as new biomarkers for the diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Shi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Muhong Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Cuixiao Shi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Gu Gao
- Department of Health Management Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Xianghong Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Chuan Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Jingjing Fu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Yudan Ni
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China.
| | - Xue Xue
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China.
| | - Fei Yu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China.
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Zhang H, Tian L, Wang X, Shi X. The relationship between thyroid peroxidase antibody and differentiated thyroid cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1349041. [PMID: 38476675 PMCID: PMC10927769 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1349041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) has been found to be associated with the occurrence and development of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) for several years, but there is still controversy over whether thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) is related to differentiated thyroid cancer. Methods We scrutinized relevant studies published up to July 2023 across four major databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science, to examine the association between TPOAb and DTC. Clinical outcome measures include the incidence of DTC, tumor size, extrathyroidal invasion, lymph node metastasis, multifocality, recurrence and bilaterality. Results 12 original studies were included, involving a total of 20,330 subjects. Our analysis of the included studies revealed that TPOAb+ individuals exhibited a higher risk of developing DTC (OR=1.57 [95% CI: 1.00-2.45], p=0.049) than TPOAb- individuals. Furthermore, TPOAb+ DTC patients were more prone to present with bilateral (OR=1.40 [95% CI: 1.21-1.62], p<0.00001) and multifocal (OR=1.40 [95% CI: 1.23-1.60], p<0.00001) tumors than TPOAb- patients. Sensitivity analysis indicated a high sensitivity for these three findings. No significant differences in the risk of extrathyroidal extension and lymph node metastasis, recurrence rate, tumor size, were observed between TPOAb+ and TPOAb- DTC patients. Conclusion The presence of TPOAb is correlated with an increase prevalence of DTC. However, its effectiveness as a prognostic marker for DTC patients warrants further investigation. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42023448824.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haonan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Lijun Tian
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xichang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaoguang Shi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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11
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Vargas-Uricoechea H. Autoimmune Thyroid Disease and Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma: A Review of the Mechanisms That Explain an Intriguing and Exciting Relationship. World J Oncol 2024; 15:14-27. [PMID: 38274715 PMCID: PMC10807914 DOI: 10.14740/wjon1728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune thyroid disease is a complex and highly frequent disease, where a wide variety of genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors (among others) come together and interact, and is characterized by the presence of two clinical outcomes: hypothyroidism (in Hashimoto's thyroiditis) and hyperthyroidism (in Graves-Basedow disease). For its part, differentiated thyroid carcinoma (mainly papillary carcinoma) is the most common type of cancer affecting the thyroid (and one of the most prevalent worldwide). An important co-occurrence between autoimmune thyroid disease and differentiated thyroid carcinoma has been documented. In this article, studies that have evaluated possible associations and relationships between autoimmune thyroid disease and differentiated thyroid cancer are systematically described and summarized. To date, the underlying mechanism that explains this association is inflammation; however, the characteristics and designs of the studies evaluated do not yet allow a causal relationship between the two entities to be established. These aspects have made it difficult to establish "causality" in the continuum of the pathogenesis between both conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hernando Vargas-Uricoechea
- Metabolic Diseases Study Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Universidad del Cauca, Popayan, Colombia.
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12
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Abutalib MA, Shams A, Tamur S, Khalifa EA, Alnefaie GO, Hawsawi YM. Metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma in pleural effusion: a case report and review of the literature. J Med Case Rep 2023; 17:521. [PMID: 38115146 PMCID: PMC10731747 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-023-04265-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Papillary thyroid carcinoma accounts for the most common type of thyroid cancer of well-differentiated type. Papillary thyroid carcinoma is featured by biologically low-grade and less aggressive tumors with a survival rate of 10 years in most of the diagnosed cases. Papillary thyroid carcinoma can be presented with the involvement of cervical lymph nodes in about 50% of the patients, yet distant spread is very uncommon. CASE PRESENTATION Herein, we discuss a Saudi male patient in his early 50s with a history of papillary thyroid carcinoma who presented to the emergency department complaining of shortness of breath and a radiological finding of hydrothorax. Cytologic examination together with immune-histochemical staining and molecular studies of pleural effusion aspiration concluded the definitive diagnosis of metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma in the pleural space. CONCLUSIONS Papillary thyroid carcinoma seldom causes metastatic niches in the pleural space; this is a rare clinical presentation, nevertheless, a differential diagnosis of thyroid metastasis needs to be excluded. A definitive diagnosis of metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma can be made using clinical presentation, cytologic examination, immunohistochemical investigation, and molecular testing. The most common mutation found in papillary thyroid carcinoma cases is the V600E mutation found in the BRAF gene, yet these patients have a relatively low probability of cancer recurrence. Patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma who have the BRAF mutation frequently experience metastases and relapses of the disease after the cancer has progressed aggressively. To help with therapy planning and the introduction of BRAF inhibitors, genetic testing for BRAF mutation may therefore prove to be a useful tool, especially in cases of aggressive subtypes of TC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Ali Abutalib
- Clinical Cytologist and Supervisor of Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Division of Anatomical Pathology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, P.O.Box 9515, 21423, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical and Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anwar Shams
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia.
- Centre of Biomedical Sciences Research (CBSR), Deanship of Scientific Research, Taif University, Taif, 21974, Saudi Arabia.
- High Altitude Research Center, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Shadi Tamur
- Department of Pediatric, College of Medicine, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, 21944, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman A Khalifa
- Department of Parasitology, College of Medicine, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, 21944, Taif, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Parasitology, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Ghaliah Obaid Alnefaie
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, 21944, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousef M Hawsawi
- Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, P.O. Box 40047, Jeddah, 21499, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Al-Faisal University, P.O. Box 50927, 11533, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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13
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Firat A, Unal E. Prediction of cytology-histology discrepancy when Bethesda cytology reports benign results for thyroid nodules in women: with special emphasis on pregnancy. Libyan J Med 2023; 18:2258670. [PMID: 37731357 PMCID: PMC10515660 DOI: 10.1080/19932820.2023.2258670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Benign category of Bethesda classification is generally well known to carry a false-negative rate of 0-3%. The current study was designed to investigate the rate of false-negative cytology in patients who underwent thyroidectomy for presumably benign thyroid diseases. Predictive risk factors for false results and malignancy were evaluated along with cytology-histology discrepant cases.Materials and methods: Females who underwent thyroidectomy between May 2014 and December 2022 were included. Demographics, ultrasound (US) features, fine-needle aspiration (FNA) diagnosis, surgical indications and outcomes, final histology reports, risk factors, and malignancy rate were recorded. Cytology-histology discrepant cases were further evaluated for interpretation errors and risk factors. Statistical analyses were performed using Fisher's exact and Mann-Whitney U tests.Results: Of 581 women with a benign thyroid disease who underwent thyroidectomy, 91 was diagnosed as incidental carcinoma (15.6%) and most was T1a (4.9 ± 2.7 mm, 95.6%). Final histology reports revealed mostly papillary carcinoma (93.4%). Predictors of malignancy such as age, family history, previous radiation exposure, and iodine-deficient diet did not help in risk stratification (p > 0.05, for each). However, FNA taken during pregnancy was determined as a risk factor (n = 7, 7.6%, p < 0.05) since it may cause a delay in diagnosis. Cytology-histology discrepant cases were seen to be mostly due to sampling errors (45%, p < 0.05), followed by misinterpretations (37.3%, p < 0.05). There was no reason for discrepancy in 17.5%, and this was linked to inherent nature of thyroid nodule with overlapping cytologic features. Best identifiable risk factor for misinterpretation was pregnancy as well (n = 5, 14.7%, p < 0.05).Conclusions: Risk of malignancy in a presumably benign thyroid disease should not be ignored. Radiology-cytology correlation by an experienced dedicated team may help in decreasing sampling errors. Physiologic changes caused by pregnancy may shade malignant transformation in thyrocytes, and it would be appropriate to be cautious about benign FNA taken during this period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysun Firat
- Instructor in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Departments of General Surgery, and Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ethem Unal
- General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Departments of General Surgery, and Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Istanbul, Turkey
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14
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Crudele L, Novielli F, De Matteis C, Petruzzelli S, Suppressa P, Berardi E, Antonica G, Piazzolla G, Sabbà C, Graziano G, Moschetta A. Thyroid nodule malignancy is associated with increased non-invasive hepatic fibrosis scores in metabolic subjects. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1233083. [PMID: 37965446 PMCID: PMC10641401 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1233083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Thyroid cancer incidence is increasing, and adiposity-related conditions are gaining space in its pathogenesis. In this study, we aimed to detect any anthropometric, biohumoral, and clinical features that might be associated with thyroid nodule malignancy, potentially representing novel non-invasive markers of thyroid cancer. Materials and methods The study was conducted in a group of 142 consecutive outpatients (47 men and 95 women) who underwent fine-needle aspiration biopsy/cytology (FNAB/C) due to suspicion of malignancy from January 2018 to September 2022. We compared lipid and glycemic blood profiles as well as non-invasive liver fibrosis indexes such as aspartate aminotransferase (AST) to alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ratio (AAR), AST to platelet ratio index (APRI), and fibrosis index based on four factors (FIB-4) between patients with benign and malignant newly diagnosed nodules. Then, we performed receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis to assess their best cutoff values for discrimination of malignant nodules and chi-squared test to evaluate the association of specific dysmetabolic conditions with malignancy. To understand whether and to what degree dysmetabolic conditions increased the risk of thyroid nodule malignancy, we also calculated the odds ratio (OR) of the main biomarkers. Results After FNAB/C, 121 (85%) patients were diagnosed with benign thyroid nodules, while 21 (15%) individuals were diagnosed with thyroid cancer. Comparing patients with benign and malignant nodules, we found that individuals with thyroid cancer exhibited increased body mass index (BMI) (p = 0.048) and fasting plasma glucose (p = 0.046). Intriguingly, considering non-invasive scores for liver fibrosis, subjects with thyroid cancer presented increased AAR (p < 0.001) and APRI (p = 0.007), and these scores were associated with malignancy (p < 0.005) with OR = 7.1 and OR = 5, respectively. Moreover, we showed that only in the cancer group, low levels of vitamin D correlated with stigmata of impaired metabolism. Discussion In our study, AAR and APRI scores were associated with thyroid nodule malignancy and could be used to predict it and to speed up the diagnostic process. From a pathogenic point of view, we speculated that metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) along with hyperglycemia and vitamin D deficiency may represent putative drivers of thyroid carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucilla Crudele
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Fabio Novielli
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Carlo De Matteis
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Stefano Petruzzelli
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Patrizia Suppressa
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Elsa Berardi
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Antonica
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Piazzolla
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Carlo Sabbà
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Giusi Graziano
- Center for Outcomes Research and Clinical Epidemiology (CORESEARCH), Pescara, Italy
| | - Antonio Moschetta
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
- IINBB National Institute for Biostructure and Biosystems, Roma, Italy
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15
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Lu H, Pan Y, Ruan Y, Zhu C, Hassan HM, Gao J, Gao J, Fan L, Liang X, Wang H, Ying S, Chen Q. Biomarker Discovery for Early Diagnosis of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Using High-Throughput Enhanced Quantitative Plasma Proteomics. J Proteome Res 2023; 22:3200-3212. [PMID: 37624590 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of thyroid cancer (TC) has been increasing over the last 50 years worldwide. A higher rate of overdiagnosis in indolent thyroid lesions has resulted in unnecessary treatment. An accurate detection of TC at an early stage is highly demanded. We aim to develop an enhanced isobaric labeling-based high-throughput plasma quantitative proteomics to identify biomarkers in a discovery cohort. Selected candidates were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in the training cohort and validation cohort. In total, 1063 proteins were quantified, and 129 proteins were differentially expressed between patients and healthy subjects. Serum levels of ISG15 and PLXNB2 were significantly elevated in patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) or thyroid adenoma, compared to healthy subjects (p < 0.001) and patients with nodular goiter (p < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis of combined markers (ISG15 and PLXNB2) significantly distinguished PTC from healthy control (HC) subjects. Similar differentiations were also found between thyroid adenoma and HC subjects. Notably, this combined marker could distinguish stage-I PTC from HC subjects (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.872). Our results revealed that ISG15 and PLXNB2 are independent diagnostic biomarkers for PTC and thyroid adenoma, showing a promising value for the early detection of PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongsheng Lu
- Department of Pathology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), 999 Donghai Avenue, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Yin Pan
- Surgical Oncology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), 999 Donghai Avenue, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Yanyun Ruan
- Precision Medicine Center, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), 999 Donghai Avenue, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Chumeng Zhu
- Precision Medicine Center, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), 999 Donghai Avenue, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Hozeifa M Hassan
- Precision Medicine Center, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), 999 Donghai Avenue, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Junshun Gao
- Hangzhou Cosmos Wisdom Mass Spectrometry Center of Zhejiang University Medical School, 198 Qidi Road, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou 311202, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, 198 Qidi Road, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou 311202, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Junli Gao
- Hangzhou Cosmos Wisdom Mass Spectrometry Center of Zhejiang University Medical School, 198 Qidi Road, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou 311202, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, 198 Qidi Road, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou 311202, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Lilong Fan
- Department of Pathology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), 999 Donghai Avenue, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Xi Liang
- Precision Medicine Center, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), 999 Donghai Avenue, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Hong Wang
- Hangzhou Cosmos Wisdom Mass Spectrometry Center of Zhejiang University Medical School, 198 Qidi Road, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou 311202, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, 198 Qidi Road, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou 311202, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Shenpeng Ying
- Department of Radiotherapy, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), 999 Donghai Avenue, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Qi Chen
- Precision Medicine Center, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), 999 Donghai Avenue, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
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16
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Dong Y, Tan H, Wang L, Liu Z. Progranulin promoted the proliferation, metastasis, and suppressed apoptosis via JAK2-STAT3/4 signaling pathway in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:191. [PMID: 37660003 PMCID: PMC10475200 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03033-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Progranulin (PGRN), a glycoprotein secreted by a wide range of epithelial cells and plays an important role in inflammatory mechanisms and tumor progression. In this study, the expression, and functions of PGRN in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) was examined to explore the potential pathogenesis of PTC. METHODS Western blotting and qRT-PCR were used to detect the relationship between PGRN expression and clinicopathological characteristics of patients with PTC. PTC cell lines with PGRN overexpression and with PGRN knockdown were established to explore their effects on the biological behavior. Western blotting was used to detect the changes of relevant molecules and JAK2-STAT3/4 signaling pathway. Moreover, rescue experiments validated the involvement of the JAK2-STAT3/4 signaling pathway. And statistical analyses were analyzed using SPASS 21.0 and graph generation were performed using GraphPad Prism 8.0. RESULTS PGRN was overexpressed in PTC tissue and increased by 75% at mRNA level and 161% at relative protein level in the patients with lymph node metastasis compared to without lymph node metastasis. Besides, PGRN regulated and promoted PTC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and inhibited cell apoptosis. With PGRN overexpressed, relevant molecules including the expression of BCL2/BAX, BCL2/BAD, CyclinD1, MMP2, vimentin and N-cadherin were increased, the expression level of E-cadherin was decreased, and the phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3/4 were increased. JAK inhibitor (JSI-124) rescued these changes of PTC cells induced by overexpressed PGRN. CONCLUSIONS These findings revealed that PGRN promote the progression of PTC through the JAK2-STAT3/4 pathway, and PGRN could be served as a potential therapeutic target for PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxu Dong
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Hao Tan
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Lidong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, China.
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17
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Singh A, Rao S, Rana DY, Choudhary M, Singh R. An Autobiographical Case Report on Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma with Positive Antithyroid Antibodies: Coincidence or Correlated? Cureus 2023; 15:e44651. [PMID: 37799266 PMCID: PMC10549782 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.44651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between autoimmunity and cancer has been a gray area, with many theories but no solid proof so far. Hashimoto's thyroiditis is an autoimmune disorder and a major cause of hypothyroidism, while papillary thyroid carcinoma is the most common thyroid malignancy generally found in patients younger than 45 years of age. The literature on the correlation between these two disorders is somewhat based on potentially biased histopathological examination from pre-operative fine needle aspiration and post-thyroidectomy samples. Although recent studies are evaluating a possible holistic molecular, hormonal, and histopathological foundation for this correlation, a clear causal relationship has not been established yet. This report illustrates the author's case presentation, treatment, and eventual outcome of the disease when she was diagnosed with papillary thyroid cancer at the age of 25 years, with positive antithyroid peroxidase and antithyroglobulin antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arkaja Singh
- Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur, IND
| | - Sameer Rao
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
- Medicine, Sawai Man Singh (SMS) Medical College, Jaipur, IND
| | | | | | - Romil Singh
- Critical Care, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, USA
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18
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Lee J, Shin A, Shin WK, Choi JY, Kang D, Lee JK. Adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research and Korean Cancer Prevention Guidelines and cancer risk: a prospective cohort study from the Health Examinees-Gem study. Epidemiol Health 2023; 45:e2023070. [PMID: 37536716 PMCID: PMC10667577 DOI: 10.4178/epih.e2023070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to explore the association between adherence to 2 cancer prevention recommendations and cancer risk. METHODS In total, 104,386 individuals aged 40-69 years old who were recruited between 2004 and 2013 in the Health Examinees-Gem study were included. Adherence scores were constructed based on 8 items from the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) cancer prevention recommendations, including body weight, physical activity, diet, alcohol consumption and breastfeeding, and on 6 items from the Korean cancer prevention guidelines (smoking status, eating vegetables and fruits, salty foods, alcohol intake, physical activity, and body weight). A Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the associations between adherence scores and the risk of total and 5 major cancers. RESULTS The multivariable hazard ratio (HR) for total cancer with the high adherence score versus the lowest score (4.25-7.00 vs. 0.00-3.25) for the WCRF/AICR guidelines was 0.91 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.82 to 1.00) in men. A reduced breast cancer risk was observed among women with the highest score. Men within the highest category of the Korean cancer prevention guideline score (3.25-6.00) had an HR of 0.80 (95% CI, 0.73 to 0.88) for developing total cancer compared to men within the lowest score (0.00-2.50). The higher adherence group among men showed lower risks of developing stomach, colorectal, and lung cancers. CONCLUSIONS Adhering to guidelines for cancer prevention can help to reduce the risk of developing cancer in Korean men. The association might differ by cancer type and gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeeyoo Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Aesun Shin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Cancer Biology Major, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Integrated Major in Innovative Medical Science, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
- Medical Research Center, Genomic Medicine Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo-Kyoung Shin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Integrated Major in Innovative Medical Science, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji-Yeob Choi
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Health Policy and Management, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Daehee Kang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Integrated Major in Innovative Medical Science, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Koo Lee
- JW LEE Center for Global Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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19
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Hussein M, Mueller L, Issa PP, Haidari M, Trinh L, Toraih E, Kandil E. Sexual disparity and the risk of second primary thyroid cancer: a paradox. Gland Surg 2023; 12:432-441. [PMID: 37200932 PMCID: PMC10186173 DOI: 10.21037/gs-22-411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite extensive research on sex differences in primary thyroid cancer, there is a lack of data on the role of sex in the risk of developing second primary thyroid cancer (SPTC). We aimed to investigate the risk of SPTC development according to patient sex, with an emphasis concerning previous malignancy location as well as age. METHODS Cancer survivors diagnosed with SPTC were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The SEER*Stat software package obtained standardized incidence ratios (SIR) and absolute excess risks of subsequent thyroid cancer development. RESULTS Data for 9,730 (62.3%) females and 5,890 (37.7%) males were extracted for a total of 15,620 SPTC individuals. Asian/Pacific Islanders had the highest incidence of SPTC [SIR =2.67, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.49-2.86]. The risk of SPTC was higher in males (SIR =2.01, 95% CI: 1.94-2.08) than when compared to females (SIR =1.83, 95% CI: 1.79-1.88; P<0.001). Head and neck tumors had significantly higher SIRs for SPTC development in males when compared to females. CONCLUSIONS Survivors of primary malignancies have an increased risk SPTC, especially males. Our work suggests that oncologists and endocrinologists may consider the need for increased surveillance of both male and female patients given their increased risk of SPTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hussein
- Division of Endocrine and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Lauren Mueller
- School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Peter P. Issa
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Muhib Haidari
- School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Lily Trinh
- School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Division of Thyroid and Parathyroid Endocrine Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eman Toraih
- Division of Endocrine and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Genetics Unit, Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Emad Kandil
- Division of Endocrine and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
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20
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Li Y, Che W, Yu Z, Zheng S, Xie S, Chen C, Qiao M, Lyu J. The Incidence Trend of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma in the United States During 2003-2017. Cancer Control 2022; 29:10732748221135447. [PMID: 36256588 PMCID: PMC9583193 DOI: 10.1177/10732748221135447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The rapid increase in the detection rate of thyroid cancer over the past few
decades has caused some unexpected economic burdens. However, that of
papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) seems to have had the opposite trend,
which is worthy of further comprehensive exploration. Methods The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 18 database was used to
identify patients with PTC diagnosed during 2003-2017. The incidence trends
were analyzed using joinpoint analysis and an age-period-cohort model. Results The overall PTC incidence rate increased from 9.9 to 16.1 per 100 000 between
2003 and 2017. The joinpoint analysis indicated that the incidence growth
rate began to slow down in 2009 (annual percentage change [APC] = 3.1%, 95%
confidence interval [CI] = 1.9%–4.4%). After reaching its peak in 2015, it
began to decrease by 2.8% (95% CI = −4.6% to −1.0%) per year. The stratified
analysis indicated that the incidence patterns of different sexes, age
groups, races, and tumor stages and sizes had similar downward trends,
including for the localized (APC = −4.5%, 95% CI = −7% to −1.9%) and distant
(APC = −1.3%, 95% CI = −2.7% to −.1%) stages, and larger tumors (APC = −4%,
95% CI = −12% to 4.7%). The age-period-cohort model indicated a significant
period effect on PTC, which gradually weakened after 2008-2012. The cohort
effect indicates that the risk of late birth cohorts is gradually
stabilizing and lower than that of early birth cohorts. Conclusion The analysis results of the recent downward trend and period effect for the
incidence of each subgroup further support the important role of correcting
overdiagnosis in reducing the prevalence of PTC. Future research needs to
analyze more-recent data to verify these downward trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunmei Li
- Department of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of
Jinan University, Guangzhou, China,School of Basic Medicine and Public
Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenqiang Che
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of
Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhong Yu
- School of Public Health, Shannxi University of Chinese
Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Shuai Zheng
- School of Public Health, Shannxi University of Chinese
Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Shuping Xie
- Department of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of
Jinan University, Guangzhou, China,School of Basic Medicine and Public
Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chong Chen
- School of Public Health, Shannxi University of Chinese
Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Mengmeng Qiao
- School of Public Health, Shannxi University of Chinese
Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Jun Lyu
- Department of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of
Jinan University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory
of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization, Guangzhou, China,Jun Lyu, Department of Clinical Research,
The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, 613 W.Huangpu Avenue,
Guangzhou 510630, People’s Republic of China.
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21
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Karimi AA, Tarharoudi R, Kianmehr Z, Sakhaee F, Jamnani FR, Siadat SD, Fateh A. Traces of JC polyomavirus in papillary thyroid cancer: a comprehensive study in Iran. Virol J 2022; 19:153. [PMID: 36163265 PMCID: PMC9513940 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-022-01881-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background JC polyomavirus (JCPyV) is known to induce solid tumors such as astrocytomas, glioblastomas, and neuroblastomas in experimental animals, and recent studies have shown that the virus may be correlated with carcinogenesis. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of JCPyV on the progression of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Methods A total of 1057 samples, including 645 paraffin-embedded PTC biopsy samples (PEBS) and 412 fresh biopsy samples (FBS), and 1057 adjacent non-cancerous samples were evaluated for the presence of JCPyV DNA and RNA. Results We observed that 10.8% (114/1057) samples, including 17.5% (72/412) FBS and 6.5% (42/645) PEBS were positive for the JCPyV DNA. Among the JCPyV-positive samples, the mean JCPyV copy number was lower in patients with PEBS (0.3 × 10–4 ± 0.1 × 10–4 copies/cell) compared to FBS (1.8 × 10–1 ± 0.4 × 10–1 copies/cell) and non-PTC normal samples (0.2 × 10–5 ± 0.01 × 10–5 copies/cell), with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.001). The LT-Ag RNA expression was lower in PEBS than in FBS, while no VP1 gene transcript expression was found. Conclusions Although our results confirmed the presence of JCPyV in some Iranian patients with PTC, more research is needed to verify these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Ali Karimi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rahil Tarharoudi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Kianmehr
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Science, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sakhaee
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rahimi Jamnani
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Davar Siadat
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Fateh
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran. .,Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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22
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ARSLAN İE, HEPŞEN S, AKHANLI P, UCAN B, ÖZTÜRK ÜNSAL İ, ÇALAPKULU M, ÇAKAL E. The effect of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels on malignancy in exophytic thyroid nodules. JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.32322/jhsm.1128198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The increase in the incidence of thyroid cancer brings about research of new risk factors. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of vitamin D status on malignancy in exophytic nodules.
Material and Method: Two hundred and sixteen patients with exophytic thyroid nodules were included in the study. All patients’ thyroid nodule ultrasonographic features, fine needle aspiration biopsy cytology results, rate of surgery and surgery histopathological results were recorded. Vitamin D levels were analyzed and patients were divided into two groups as vitamin D sufficient groups (vitamin D≥20 ng/ml) and vitamin D deficient group (vitamin D<20 ng/ml).
Results: Malignancy rate was significantly higher in the vitamin D deficient group (%19 vs %8.7; p=0.03). There were no significant difference between two groups in terms of demographic characteristics and ultrasonographic features including diameter, hypoechoic nature, having irregular border and microcalcifications.
Conclusion: In exophytic nodules, vitamin D deficiency increases malignancy risk. Determining vitamin D levels may be useful in patients with exophytic nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- İsmail Emre ARSLAN
- Dışkapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Endokrinoloji ve Metabolizma Bölümü
| | - Sema HEPŞEN
- dışkapı yıldırım beyazıt training and research hospital, department of endocrinology and metabolism
| | - Pınar AKHANLI
- dışkapı yıldırım beyazıt training and research hospital, department of endocrinology and metabolism
| | - Bekir UCAN
- dışkapı yıldırım beyazıt training and research hospital, department of endocrinology and metabolism
| | - İlknur ÖZTÜRK ÜNSAL
- dışkapı yıldırım beyazıt training and research hospital, department of endocrinology and metabolism
| | - Murat ÇALAPKULU
- dışkapı yıldırım beyazıt training and research hospital, department of endocrinology and metabolism
| | - Erman ÇAKAL
- dışkapı yıldırım beyazıt training and research hospital, department of endocrinology and metabolism
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23
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Thyroid Cancer and Psoriasis: A Nested Case-Control Study. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12102297. [PMID: 36291985 PMCID: PMC9601172 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12102297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous researchers have suggested an elevated risk of thyroid cancer (TC) in patients with psoriasis with mixed results. The current study evaluated the relationship of psoriasis with the risk of TC in an adult population. The data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service—Health Screening Cohort ≥ 40 years old were analyzed. In total, 6822 patients with TC were equalized with 27,288 control participants using overlap weighting adjustment based on the propensity score. The history of psoriasis was compared between the TC and control groups using multivariable logistic regression analysis. Secondary analyses were conducted according to age, sex, income, region of residence, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, obesity, smoking, alcohol consumption, the Charlson Comorbidity Index scores, hypothyroidism, goiter, thyrotoxicosis, and thyroiditis. The history of psoriasis was not different in patients with TC (overlap-weighted odds ratio (OR) = 1.02, 95% confidence intervals (CI) = 0.85−1.22). The <55-year-old group showed a high rate of TC associated with psoriasis (overlap-weighted OR = 1.69, 95% CI = 1.22−2.36, p = 0.002). The population without hypothyroidism demonstrated an increased rate of TC related to psoriasis (overlap-weighted OR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.06−1.57, p = 0.012). The patients with hypothyroidism showed a low rate of TC for psoriasis (overlap-weighted OR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.37−0.96, p = 0.034). None of the other subgroups showed an association between psoriasis and TC. Psoriasis was not related to the risk of TC in the overall adult population. Young adults and populations without hypothyroidism indicated an elevated rate of TC for psoriasis.
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24
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Personalized Dosimetry in the Context of Radioiodine Therapy for Differentiated Thyroid Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12071763. [PMID: 35885666 PMCID: PMC9320760 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12071763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The most frequent thyroid cancer is Differentiated Thyroid Cancer (DTC) representing more than 95% of cases. A suitable choice for the treatment of DTC is the systemic administration of 131-sodium or potassium iodide. It is an effective tool used for the irradiation of thyroid remnants, microscopic DTC, other nonresectable or incompletely resectable DTC, or all the cited purposes. Dosimetry represents a valid tool that permits a tailored therapy to be obtained, sparing healthy tissue and so minimizing potential damages to at-risk organs. Absorbed dose represents a reliable indicator of biological response due to its correlation to tissue irradiation effects. The present paper aims to focus attention on iodine therapy for DTC treatment and has developed due to the urgent need for standardization in procedures, since no unique approaches are available. This review aims to summarize new proposals for a dosimetry-based therapy and so explore new alternatives that could provide the possibility to achieve more tailored therapies, minimizing the possible side effects of radioiodine therapy for Differentiated Thyroid Cancer.
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25
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Wang L, Sun X, He J, Liu Z. Identification and Validation of Prognostic Related Hallmark ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters Associated With Immune Cell Infiltration Patterns in Thyroid Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:781686. [PMID: 35837087 PMCID: PMC9273952 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.781686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are a large superfamily of membrane proteins that facilitate the translocation of heterogeneous substrates. Studies indicate that ABC transporters may play important roles in various carcinomas. However, the correlation between ABC transporters and immunomodulation in thyroid carcinoma (TC), as well as the prognoses for this disease, is poorly understood.TC data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were used to identify prognostic hallmark ABC transporters associated with immune cell infiltration patterns via multiple bioinformatic analyses. Thereafter, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to validate the expression of these selected hallmark ABC transporters in both TC and para-cancerous thyroid tissues. Of a total of 49 ABC transporters, five (ABCA8, ABCA12, ABCB6, ABCB8, and ABCC10) were identified as hallmark ABC transporters. All five were differentially expressed in TC and associated with the relapse-free survival rates of patients with TC. Immunoregulation by these five hallmark ABC transporters involved the modulation of various aspects of immune cell infiltration, such as hot or cold tumor subsets and the abundances of infiltrating immune cells, as well as specific immunomodulators and chemokines. Besides the diverse significantly correlated factors, the five hallmark ABC transporters and correlated genes were most highly enriched in plasma membrane, transporter activity, and transmembrane transport of small molecules. In addition, many chemicals, namely bisphenol A and vincristine, affected the expression of these five transporters. The qRT-PCR results of collected TC and para-cancerous thyroid tissues were consistent with those of TCGA. The findings in this study may reveal the role played by these five hallmark ABC transporters in regulating immune cell infiltration patterns in TC as well as the molecular mechanisms underlying their functions, leading to a better understanding of their potential prognostic and immunotherapeutic values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaodan Sun
- Postdoctoral Research Workstation, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China
- Department of 1st Gynecologic Oncology Surgery, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Jingni He
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Zhen Liu,
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26
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The Effect of Gout on Thyroid Cancer Incidence: A Nested Case-Control Study Using a National Health Screening Cohort. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12060887. [PMID: 35743671 PMCID: PMC9224672 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12060887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the risk of thyroid cancer in patients with gout. Participants ≥40 years old in the Korean National Health Insurance Service−Health Screening Cohort were investigated. A total of 5844 patients with thyroid cancer were paired with 23,376 comparison participants (no history of thyroid cancer) to build the nested case−control study. A previous history of gout was collected from both the thyroid cancer and comparison participants. The relationship of thyroid cancer with a prior history of gout was analyzed using a conditional logistic regression model. The rate of gout was higher in the patients with thyroid cancer than in the comparison group. In the total study population, the relationship of thyroid cancer with a prior history of gout was not statistically evident. A previous history of gout was related to an increased risk of gout in the <60 years old, normal weight, abnormal blood pressure, and CCI score = 0 groups. The occurrence of thyroid cancer was not associated with a prior history of gout in the general adult population. However, a prior history of gout was related to an elevated risk of thyroid cancer in middle-aged and healthy populations without comorbidities.
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