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Ghasemi Gojani E, Rai S, Norouzkhani F, Shujat S, Wang B, Li D, Kovalchuk O, Kovalchuk I. Targeting β-Cell Plasticity: A Promising Approach for Diabetes Treatment. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:7621-7667. [PMID: 39057094 PMCID: PMC11275945 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46070453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The β-cells within the pancreas play a pivotal role in insulin production and secretion, responding to fluctuations in blood glucose levels. However, factors like obesity, dietary habits, and prolonged insulin resistance can compromise β-cell function, contributing to the development of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). A critical aspect of this dysfunction involves β-cell dedifferentiation and transdifferentiation, wherein these cells lose their specialized characteristics and adopt different identities, notably transitioning towards progenitor or other pancreatic cell types like α-cells. This process significantly contributes to β-cell malfunction and the progression of T2D, often surpassing the impact of outright β-cell loss. Alterations in the expressions of specific genes and transcription factors unique to β-cells, along with epigenetic modifications and environmental factors such as inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction, underpin the occurrence of β-cell dedifferentiation and the onset of T2D. Recent research underscores the potential therapeutic value for targeting β-cell dedifferentiation to manage T2D effectively. In this review, we aim to dissect the intricate mechanisms governing β-cell dedifferentiation and explore the therapeutic avenues stemming from these insights.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Olga Kovalchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada; (E.G.G.)
| | - Igor Kovalchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada; (E.G.G.)
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2
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Tseng PY, Sung FC, Muo CH, Lan YC, Hser YI, Chien SHL, Wang JY. Risk of diabetes and hypertension in a population with alcohol use disorders. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:868. [PMID: 38515085 PMCID: PMC10956217 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18318-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A population-based follow-up study assessing the risk of developing hypertension and diabetes associated with alcohol use disorder (AUD) is crucial. We investigated this relationship by using insurance claims data from Taiwan. METHODS From the claims data, an AUD cohort (N = 60,590) diagnosed between 2000 and 2006 and a non-AUD comparison cohort (N = 60,590) without the diagnosis of hypertension or diabetes at baseline were established and matched by propensity scores estimated by baseline demographic status and the Charlson comorbidity index (CCI). We assessed the incidence rates of hypertension and/or diabetes at the end of 2016 and used Cox's method to estimate the related hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS Relative to the comparison cohort, the AUD cohort had an approximately 1.70-fold higher incidence of hypertension (35.1 vs. 20.7 per 1,000 person-years), with an adjusted HR (aHR) of 1.72 (95% CI: 1.68-1.76), 2.16-fold higher incidence of diabetes (20.2 vs. 9.36 per 1,000 person-years), with an aHR of 2.18 (95% CI: 2.11-2.24), and 1.91-fold higher incidence of both diabetes and hypertension (10.3 vs. 5.38 per 1,000 person-years) with an aHR of 2.02 (95% CI: 1.94-2.10). The incidence rates of all outcomes were greater in men than in women, whereas the HRs were greater for AUD in women than for AUD in men relative to the respective comparison patients. The risk increased further for subjects with CCI ≥ 1, which was higher in the AUD cohort. CONCLUSIONS The increased risk of developing diabetes and hypertension in patients with AUD, especially the differences noted according to gender, indicates that clinicians should address potential comorbidities in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Ying Tseng
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, 406, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Lee's General Hospital, 358, Yuanli, Taiwan
| | - Fung-Chang Sung
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, 404, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University College of Public Health, 406, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, 413, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Muo
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, 404, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Lan
- Expert Labs, IBM Taiwan Corporation, 110, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Ing Hser
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, 90095, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sarina Hui-Lin Chien
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jong-Yi Wang
- Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, 100 Jingmao Rd. Sec. 1, Beitun Dist, 406, Taichung, Taiwan.
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3
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Song SE, Shin SK, Ju HY, Im SS, Song DK. Role of cytosolic and endoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ in pancreatic beta-cells: pros and cons. Pflugers Arch 2024; 476:151-161. [PMID: 37940681 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02872-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic beta cells utilize Ca2+ to secrete insulin in response to glucose. The glucose-dependent increase in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]C) activates a series of insulin secretory machinery in pancreatic beta cells. Therefore, the amount of insulin secreted in response to glucose is determined in a [Ca2+]C-dependent manner, at least within a moderate range. However, the demand for insulin secretion may surpass the capability of beta cells. Abnormal elevation of [Ca2+]C levels beyond the beta-cell endurance capacity can damage them by inducing endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and cell death programs such as apoptosis. Therefore, while Ca2+ is essential for the insulin secretory functions of beta cells, it could affect their survival at pathologically higher levels. Because an increase in beta-cell [Ca2+]C is inevitable under certain hazardous conditions, understanding the regulatory mechanism for [Ca2+]C is important. Therefore, this review discusses beta-cell function, survival, ER stress, and apoptosis associated with intracellular and ER Ca2+ homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Eun Song
- Department of Physiology & Obesity-Mediated Disease Research Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, 1095 Dalgubeol-Daeroro, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu, 42601, South Korea
| | - Su-Kyung Shin
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hyeon Yeong Ju
- Department of Physiology & Obesity-Mediated Disease Research Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, 1095 Dalgubeol-Daeroro, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu, 42601, South Korea
| | - Seung-Soon Im
- Department of Physiology & Obesity-Mediated Disease Research Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, 1095 Dalgubeol-Daeroro, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu, 42601, South Korea
| | - Dae-Kyu Song
- Department of Physiology & Obesity-Mediated Disease Research Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, 1095 Dalgubeol-Daeroro, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu, 42601, South Korea.
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Sandoval C, Vera A, Birditt K, Godoy K, Carmine F, Caamaño J, Farías J. β-Carotene Supplementation Improves Pancreas Function during Moderate Ethanol Consumption: Initial Characterization from a Morphological Overview. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1219. [PMID: 38279214 PMCID: PMC10815982 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Alcohol is believed to harm acinar cells, pancreatic ductal epithelium, and pancreatic stellate cells. After giving ethanol and/or β-carotene to C57BL/6 mice, our goal was to evaluate their biochemistry, histology, and morpho-quantitative features. There were six groups of C57BL/6 mice: 1. Group C (control), 2. Group LA (low-dose alcohol), 3. Group MA (moderate-dose alcohol), 4. Group B (β-carotene), 5. Group LA + B (low-dose alcohol combined with β-carotene), and 6. Group MA + B (moderate-dose alcohol combined with β-carotene). After the animals were euthanized on day 28, each specimen's pancreatic tissue was taken. Lipase, uric acid, and amylase were assessed using biochemical assessment. Furthermore, the examination of the pancreatic structure was conducted using Ammann's fibrosis scoring system. Finally, the morpho-quantitative characteristics of the pancreatic islets and acinar cells were determined. In the serum of the MA + B group, there were higher amounts of total amylase (825.953 ± 193.412 U/L) and lower amounts of lipase (47.139 ± 6.099 U/L) (p < 0.05). Furthermore, Ammann's fibrosis punctuation in the pancreas revealed significant variations between the groups (p < 0.001). Finally, the stereological analysis of pancreatic islets showed that the groups were different (p < 0.001). These findings suggest that antioxidant treatments might help decrease the negative effects of ethanol exposure in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Sandoval
- Escuela de Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tomás, Los Carreras 753, Osorno 5310431, Chile;
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Angeles Vera
- Carrera de Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile;
| | - Katherine Birditt
- Physiology Development and Neuroscience Department, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, UK;
| | - Karina Godoy
- Núcleo Científico y Tecnológico en Biorecursos (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile;
| | - Florencia Carmine
- Carrera de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile;
| | - José Caamaño
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Laboratorio de Inmunohematología y Medicina Transfusional, Departamento de Medicina Interna, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Jorge Farías
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
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Yang M, Liu C, Jiang N, Liu Y, Luo S, Li C, Zhao H, Han Y, Chen W, Li L, Xiao L, Sun L. Fibroblast growth factor 21 in metabolic syndrome. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1220426. [PMID: 37576954 PMCID: PMC10414186 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1220426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is a complex metabolic disorder that often clinically manifests as obesity, insulin resistance/diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension. With the development of social and economic systems, the incidence of metabolic syndrome is increasing, bringing a heavy medical burden. However, there is still a lack of effective prevention and treatment strategies. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a member of the human FGF superfamily and is a key protein involved in the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis, including reducing fat mass and lowering hyperglycemia, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. Here, we review the current regulatory mechanisms of FGF21, summarize its role in obesity, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension, and discuss the possibility of FGF21 as a potential target for the treatment of metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chongbin Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Na Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shilu Luo
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chenrui Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hao Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yachun Han
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Song J, Lin WQ. Association between alcohol consumption and incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Japanese men: a secondary analysis of a Retrospective Cohort Study. BMC Endocr Disord 2023; 23:91. [PMID: 37098575 PMCID: PMC10127320 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-023-01350-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol consumption is known to be associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). However, the effect of alcohol intake on the incidence of T2DM remains controversial due to inconsistent results across studies. This study aimed to bridge the gap among available literature in order to better define the association between alcohol consumption and incidence of T2DM. METHODS We performed a secondary analysis using open-access data from a retrospective Japanese cohort of 15,464 participants who underwent regular medical examinations at Murakami Memorial Hospital. All participants underwent an initial exam including a questionnaire survey, physical examination, and blood biochemical testing to establish a at baseline. The primary outcome was new-onset T2DM during the follow-up exam. Statistical analysis was conducted using Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier methods to assess the risk of alcohol consumption on T2DM. RESULTS During a median follow-up time of 5.39 years, 373 new-onset T2DM events were observed. The cumulative risk of T2DM incidence was higher in the heavy alcohol consumption group vs. the other three groups: none/minimal, light, and moderate consumption (log-rank test, P = 0.0002). Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated incidental T2DM was independently associated with alcohol consumption. The adjusted hazard ratio relative to the none/minimal consumption group was as follows: 1.02 (95% confidence interval: 0.71, 1.48) for light consumption, 1.06 (0.71, 1.57) for moderate consumption, and 2.06 (1.30, 3.24) for heavy consumption (P value = 0.024). Subsequent subgroup analysis confirmed the association between alcohol consumption and T2DM incidence in men, but not in women. CONCLUSION Heavy alcohol consumption was independently associated with an increased risk of new-onset T2DM in Japanese men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Song
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei-Qian Lin
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.
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Abstract
At-risk alcohol use is a major contributor to the global health care burden and leads to preventable deaths and diseases including alcohol addiction, alcoholic liver disease, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, traumatic injuries, gastrointestinal diseases, cancers, and fetal alcohol syndrome. Excessive and frequent alcohol consumption has increasingly been linked to alcohol-associated tissue injury and pathophysiology, which have significant adverse effects on multiple organ systems. Extensive research in animal and in vitro models has elucidated the salient mechanisms involved in alcohol-induced tissue and organ injury. In some cases, these pathophysiological mechanisms are shared across organ systems. The major alcohol- and alcohol metabolite-mediated mechanisms include oxidative stress, inflammation and immunometabolic dysregulation, gut leak and dysbiosis, cell death, extracellular matrix remodeling, endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and epigenomic modifications. These mechanisms are complex and interrelated, and determining the interplay among them will make it possible to identify how they synergistically or additively interact to cause alcohol-mediated multiorgan injury. In this article, we review the current understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms involved in alcohol-induced tissue injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liz Simon
- Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA;
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Flavia M Souza-Smith
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Patricia E Molina
- Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA;
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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8
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Bruggeman BS, Campbell-Thompson M, Filipp SL, Gurka MJ, Atkinson MA, Schatz DA, Jacobsen LM. Substance Use Affects Type 1 Diabetes Pancreas Pathology: Implications for Future Studies. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:778912. [PMID: 34912300 PMCID: PMC8667172 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.778912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Access to human pancreas samples from organ donors has greatly advanced our understanding of type 1 diabetes pathogenesis; however, previous studies have shown that donors have a high rate of substance use, and its impact on pancreatic histopathology in this disease is not well described. One-hundred-thirty-one type 1 diabetes and 111 control organ donor pancreata from persons 12-89 years of age (mean 29.8 ± 15.5 years) within the Network for Pancreatic Organ donors with Diabetes (nPOD) were examined for insulin positivity, insulitis, amyloid staining, acute and chronic pancreatitis, and chronic exocrine changes (acinar atrophy, fibrosis, fatty infiltration, or periductal fibrosis); findings were compared by history of substance use. A secondary analysis compared exocrine pancreatic histopathologic findings in type 1 diabetes versus control organ donors regardless of substance use history. We observed a high but congruent rate of substance use in type 1 diabetes and control organ donors (66.4% and 64% respectively). Among donors with type 1 diabetes (but not controls), islet amyloid (OR 9.96 [1.22, 81.29]) and acute pancreatitis (OR 3.2 [1.06, 9.63]) were more common in alcohol users while chronic exocrine changes (OR 8.86 [1.13, 69.31]) were more common in cocaine users. Substance use impacted the pancreata of donors with type 1 diabetes more than controls. Overall, despite similar rates of substance use, acute pancreatitis (15.3% versus 4.5%, p=0.0061), chronic pancreatitis (29.8% versus 9.9%, p=0.0001), and chronic exocrine changes (73.3% versus 36.9%, p<0.0001) were more common in type 1 diabetes donors than controls. Alcohol and/or cocaine use in type 1 diabetes organ donors increases exocrine pancreas pathology and islet amyloid deposition but does not affect insulitis or insulin positivity. Exocrine pathology in type 1 diabetes donors is common, and further study of the pathophysiology of these changes is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany S. Bruggeman
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Diabetes Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Martha Campbell-Thompson
- Diabetes Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Stephanie L. Filipp
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Matthew J. Gurka
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Mark A. Atkinson
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Diabetes Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Desmond A. Schatz
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Diabetes Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Laura M. Jacobsen
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Diabetes Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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Sun FR, Wang BY. Alcohol and Metabolic-associated Fatty Liver Disease. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2021; 9:719-730. [PMID: 34722187 PMCID: PMC8516839 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2021.00173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The diagnosis of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease is based on the detection of liver steatosis together with the presence of metabolic dysfunction. According to this new definition, the diagnosis of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease is independent of the amount of alcohol consumed. Actually, alcohol and its metabolites have various effects on metabolic-associated abnormalities during the process of alcohol metabolism. Studies have shown improved metabolic function in light to moderate alcohol drinkers. There are several studies focusing on the role of light to moderate alcohol intake on metabolic dysfunction. However, the results from studies are diverse, and the conclusions are often controversial. This review systematically discusses the effects of alcohol consumption, focusing on light to moderate alcohol consumption, obesity, lipid and glucose metabolism, and blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bing-Yuan Wang
- Correspondence to: Bing-Yuan Wang, Department of Elderly Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4233-6093. Tel: + 86-24-8328-3764, E-mail:
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Wu T, Wang J, Zhang Y, Shao Y, Li X, Guo Y, Dong W, Wang L, Chen F, Han X. Lentinan protects against pancreatic β-cell failure in chronic ethanol consumption-induced diabetic mice via enhancing β-cell antioxidant capacity. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:6161-6173. [PMID: 33837638 PMCID: PMC8256364 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic ethanol consumption is a well-established independent risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Recently, increasing studies have confirmed that excessive heavy ethanol exerts direct harmful effect on pancreatic β-cell mass and function, which may be a mechanism of pancreatic β-cell failure in T2DM. In this study, we evaluated the effect of Lentinan (LNT), an active ingredient purified from the bodies of Lentinus edodes, on pancreatic β-cell apoptosis and dysfunction caused by ethanol and the possible mechanisms implicated. Functional studies reveal that LNT attenuates chronic ethanol consumption-induced impaired glucose metabolism in vivo. In addition, LNT ameliorates chronic ethanol consumption-induced β-cell dysfunction, which is characterized by reduced insulin synthesis, defected insulin secretion and increased cell apoptosis. Furthermore, mechanistic assays suggest that LNT enhances β-cell antioxidant capacity and ameliorates ethanol-induced oxidative stress by activating Nrf-2 antioxidant pathway. Our results demonstrated that LNT prevents ethanol-induced pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and apoptosis, and therefore may be a potential pharmacological agent for preventing pancreatic β-cell failure associated with T2DM and stress-induced diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tijun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu ProvinceNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jiahui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu ProvinceNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yaru Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu ProvinceNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yixue Shao
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu ProvinceNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xirui Li
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu ProvinceNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yuqing Guo
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu ProvinceNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Wenyu Dong
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu ProvinceNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
- Institute of StomatologyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Lin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu ProvinceNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
- Institute of StomatologyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Fang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu ProvinceNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu ProvinceNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
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11
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Li Z, Hu Z, Meng Y, Xu H, Wei Y, Shen D, Bai H, Yuan H, Chen L. miR-155-5p upregulation ameliorates myocardial insulin resistance via mTOR signaling in chronic alcohol drinking rats. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10920. [PMID: 33868799 PMCID: PMC8029671 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic alcohol intake is associated with an increased risk of alcoholic cardiomyopathy, which may present with pathological changes such as myocardial insulin resistance, leading to ventricular dilation and cardiac dysfunction. Although a correlation between microRNA-155 (miR-155) and insulin signaling has been identified, the underlying mechanism has not been elucidated to date. The purpose of the study was to determine whether overexpression of miR-155-5p in vivo could ameliorate chronic alcohol-induced myocardial insulin resistance and cardiac dysfunction. Material and Methods Wistar rats were fed with either alcohol or water for 20 weeks to establish chronic alcohol intakes model. Then the alcohol group were divided into three groups: model group, miRNA-155 group and AAV-NC group. Rats undergoing alcohol treatment were injected with AAV-miRNA-155 (adeno-associated virus 9) or its negative control AAV-NC, respectively. Gene expression was determined by real-time PCR, and protein expression was determined by western blot. Echocardiography was performed to assess terminal cardiac function. Insulin responsiveness was determined through the quantification of phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate 1 (ser 307) and phosphorylated insulin receptor (Tyr 1185) levels. Results We found that cardiac function was attenuated in chronic alcohol intake rats, with an activated mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway, accompanied by an increase in p-IRS1(ser 307) and a decrease in p-IR (Tyr 1185) level in myocardial tissue. Also, alcohol drinking significantly up-regulated miR-155-5p level and its overexpression decreased p-IRS1 (ser 307) and increased p-IR (Tyr 1185) levels, and meanwhile inhibited the mTOR signaling pathway. Conclusion miR-155-5p upregulation ameliorates myocardial insulin resistance via the mTOR signaling in chronic alcohol drinking rats. We propose that miR-155 may serve as a novel potential therapeutic target for alcoholic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoping Li
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhenzhen Hu
- Department of Toxicology and Nutrition, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Meng
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hongzhao Xu
- Department of Toxicology and Nutrition, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yali Wei
- Department of Toxicology and Nutrition, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Deqiang Shen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Lianyungang Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Bai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huacai Yuan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Liyong Chen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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12
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Stătescu C, Clement A, Șerban IL, Sascău R. Consensus and Controversy in the Debate over the Biphasic Impact of Alcohol Consumption on the Cardiovascular System. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041076. [PMID: 33806249 PMCID: PMC8066508 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past few decades, research has focused on the importance of addressing modifiable risk factors as a means of lowering the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), which represents the worldwide leading cause of death. For quite a long time, it has been considered that ethanol intake has a biphasic impact on the cardiovascular system, mainly depending on the drinking pattern, amount of consumption, and type of alcoholic beverage. Multiple case-control studies and meta-analyses reported the existence of a "U-type" or "J-shaped" relationship between alcohol and CVD, as well as mortality, indicating that low to moderate alcohol consumption decreases the number of adverse cardiovascular events and deaths compared to abstinence, while excessive alcohol use has unquestionably deleterious effects on the circulatory system. However, beginning in the early 2000s, the cardioprotective effects of low doses of alcohol were abnegated by the results of large epidemiological studies. Therefore, this narrative review aims to reiterate the association of alcohol use with cardiac arrhythmias, dilated cardiomyopathy, arterial hypertension, atherosclerotic vascular disease, and type 2 diabetes mellitus, highlighting literature disagreements over the risk and benefits of low to moderate drinking on the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Stătescu
- Internal Medicine Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700503 Iași, Romania; (C.S.); (R.S.)
- Cardiology Department, Cardiovascular Diseases Institute “Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu”, 700503 Iași, Romania
| | - Alexandra Clement
- Cardiology Department, Cardiovascular Diseases Institute “Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu”, 700503 Iași, Romania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-0232-211834
| | | | - Radu Sascău
- Internal Medicine Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700503 Iași, Romania; (C.S.); (R.S.)
- Cardiology Department, Cardiovascular Diseases Institute “Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu”, 700503 Iași, Romania
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