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Badami MM, Tohidi R, Sioutas C. Los Angeles Basin's air quality transformation: a long-term investigation on the impacts of PM regulations on the trends of ultrafine particles and co-pollutants. JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE 2024; 176:106316. [PMID: 38223364 PMCID: PMC10783618 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2023.106316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates the long-term trends of ambient ultrafine particles (UFPs) and associated airborne pollutants in the Los Angeles Basin from 2007 to 2022, focusing on the indirect effects of regulations on UFP levels. The particle number concentration (PNC) of UFPs was compiled from previous studies in the area, and associated co-pollutant data, including nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), elemental carbon (EC), organic carbon (OC), and ozone (O3), were obtained from the chemical speciation network (CSN) database. Over the study period, a general decrease was noted in the PNC of UFPs, NOx, EC, and OC, except for CO, the concentration trends of which did not exhibit a consistent pattern. UFPs, NOx, EC, and OC were positively correlated, while O3 had a negative correlation, especially with NOx. Our analysis discerned two distinct subperiods in pollutant trends: 2007-2015 and 2016-2022. For example, there was an overall decrease in the PNC of UFPs at an annual rate of -850.09 particles/cm3/year. This rate was more pronounced during the first sub-period (2007-2015) at -1814.9 particles/cm3/year and then slowed to -227.21 particles/cm3/year in the second sub-period (2016-2023). The first sub-period (2007-2015) significantly influenced pollutant level changes, exhibiting more pronounced and statistically significant changes than the second sub-period (2016-2022). Since 2016, almost all primary pollutants have stabilized, indicating a reduced impact of current regulations, and emphasizing the need for stricter standards. In addition, the study included an analysis of Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT) trends from 2007 to 2022 within the Los Angeles Basin. Despite the general increase in VMT, current regulations and cleaner technologies seem to have successfully mitigated the potential increase in increase in PNC. Overall, while a decline in UFPs and co-pollutant levels was observed, the apparent stabilization of these levels underscores the need for more stringent regulatory measures and advanced emission standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mahdi Badami
- University of Southern California, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ramin Tohidi
- University of Southern California, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Constantinos Sioutas
- University of Southern California, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Rohra H, Pipal AS, Satsangi PG, Taneja A. Revisiting the atmospheric particles: Connecting lines and changing paradigms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 841:156676. [PMID: 35700785 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Historically, the atmospheric particles constitute the most primitive and recent class of air pollutants. The science of atmospheric particles erupted more than a century ago covering more than four decades of size, with past few years experiencing major advancements on both theoretic and data-based observational grounds. More recently, the plausible recognition between particulate matter (PM) and the diffusion of the COVID-19 pandemic has led to the accretion of interest in particle science. With motivation from diverse particle research interests, this paper is an 'old engineer's survey' beginning with the evolution of atmospheric particles and identifies along the way many of the global instances signaling the 'size concept' of PM. A theme that runs through the narrative is a 'previously known' generational evolution of particle science to the 'newly procured' portfolio of knowledge, with important gains on the application of unmet concepts and future approaches to PM exposure and epidemiological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himanshi Rohra
- Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India
| | - Atar Singh Pipal
- Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Human Health, Ming Chi University of Technology, Taishan, New Taipei 243089, Taiwan
| | - P G Satsangi
- Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India
| | - Ajay Taneja
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Agra 282002, India.
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3
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Ma L, Zhang Y, Lin Z, Zhou Y, Yan C, Zhang Y, Zhou W, Ma W, Hua C, Li X, Deng C, Qi Y, Dada L, Li H, Bianchi F, Petäjä T, Kangasluoma J, Jiang J, Liu S, Hussein T, Kulmala M, Liu Y. Deposition potential of 0.003-10 µm ambient particles in the humidified human respiratory tract: Contribution of new particle formation events in Beijing. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 243:114023. [PMID: 36030686 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ultrafine particles (UFPs) usually explosive growth during new particle formation (NPF) events. However, the risk of exposure to UFPs on NPF days has been ignored due to the prevalence of mass-based air quality standards. In this study, the daily deposited doses, i.e., the daily deposited particle number dose (DPNd), mass dose (DPMd), and surface area dose (DPSd), of ambient particles in the human respiratory tract in Beijing were evaluated based on the particle number size distribution (3 nm-10 µm) from June 2018 to May 2019 utilizing a Multiple-Path Particle Dosimetry Model (MPPD) after the hygroscopic growth of particles in the respiratory tract had been accounted for. Our observations showed a high frequency (72.6%) of NPF on excellent air quality days, with daily mean PM2.5 concentrations less than 35 μg m-3. The daily DPNd on excellent air quality days was comparable with that on polluted days, although the DPMd on excellent air quality days was as low as 15.6% of that on polluted days. The DPNd on NPF days was ~1.3 times that on non-NPF days. The DPNd in respiratory tract regions decreased in the order: tracheobronchial (TB) > pulmonary (PUL) > extrathoracic (ET) on NPF days, while it was PUL > TB > ET on non-NPF days. The number of deposited nucleation mode particles, which were deposited mainly in the TB region (45%), was 2 times higher on NPF days than that on non-NPF days. Our results demonstrated that the deposition potential due to UFPs in terms of particle number concentrations is high in Beijing regardless of the aerosol mass concentration. More toxicological studies related to UFPs on NPF days, especially those targeting tracheobronchial and pulmonary impairment, are required in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ma
- Aerosol and Haze Laboratory, Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Aerosol and Haze Laboratory, Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhuohui Lin
- Aerosol and Haze Laboratory, Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Aerosol and Haze Laboratory, Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Chao Yan
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Yusheng Zhang
- Aerosol and Haze Laboratory, Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wenshuo Zhou
- Aerosol and Haze Laboratory, Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wei Ma
- Aerosol and Haze Laboratory, Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Chenjie Hua
- Aerosol and Haze Laboratory, Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Li
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Chenjuan Deng
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Yu Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Lubna Dada
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hongyan Li
- School of Environment and Safety, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, China
| | - Federico Bianchi
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuukka Petäjä
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juha Kangasluoma
- Aerosol and Haze Laboratory, Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jingkun Jiang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Sijin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Tareq Hussein
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Finland; The University of Jordan, Department of Physics, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Markku Kulmala
- Aerosol and Haze Laboratory, Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Yongchun Liu
- Aerosol and Haze Laboratory, Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
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Mohd Isa KN, Jalaludin J, Mohd Elias S, Mohamed N, Hashim JH, Hashim Z. Evaluation of the Relationship between Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO) with Indoor PM 10, PM 2.5 and NO 2 in Suburban and Urban Schools. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19084580. [PMID: 35457448 PMCID: PMC9031949 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19084580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Numerous epidemiological studies have evaluated the association of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and indoor air pollutants, but limited information available of the risks between schools located in suburban and urban areas. We therefore investigated the association of FeNO levels with indoor particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) exposure in suburban and urban school areas. A comparative cross-sectional study was undertaken among secondary school students in eight schools located in the suburban and urban areas in the district of Hulu Langat, Selangor, Malaysia. A total of 470 school children (aged 14 years old) were randomly selected, their FeNO levels were measured, and allergic skin prick tests were conducted. The PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and carbon dioxide (CO2), temperature, and relative humidity were measured inside the classrooms. We found that the median of FeNO in the school children from urban areas (22.0 ppb, IQR = 32.0) were slightly higher as compared to the suburban group (19.5 ppb, IQR = 24.0). After adjustment of potential confounders, the two-level hierarchical multiple logistic regression models showed that the concentrations of PM2.5 were significantly associated with elevated of FeNO (>20 ppb) in school children from suburban (OR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.17−1.72) and urban (OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.10−1.91) areas. Despite the concentrations of NO2 being below the local and international recommendation guidelines, NO2 was found to be significantly associated with the elevated FeNO levels among school children from suburban areas (OR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.06−1.17). The findings of this study support the evidence of indoor pollutants in the school micro-environment associated with FeNO levels among school children from suburban and urban areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khairul Nizam Mohd Isa
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (K.N.M.I.); (S.M.E.); (Z.H.)
- Environmental Health Research Cluster (EHRc), Environmental Healthcare Section, Institute of Medical Science Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Juliana Jalaludin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (K.N.M.I.); (S.M.E.); (Z.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +603-97692397
| | - Saliza Mohd Elias
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (K.N.M.I.); (S.M.E.); (Z.H.)
| | - Norlen Mohamed
- Environmental Health Unit, Level 2, E3, Disease Control Division, Ministry of Health, Putrajaya 62590, Wilayah Persekutuan Putrajaya, Malaysia;
| | - Jamal Hisham Hashim
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Engineering and Life Science, Universiti Selangor, Shah Alam Campus, Seksyen 7, Shah Alam 40000, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Zailina Hashim
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (K.N.M.I.); (S.M.E.); (Z.H.)
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5
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Relationship between Indoor High Frequency Size Distribution of Ultrafine Particles and Their Metrics in a University Site. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13105504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to ultrafine particles (UFPs size < 100 nm) in life and work environments can contribute to adverse health effects also in terms of health burden of related diseases over time. The choice of parameters which better characterize UFPs is challenging, due to their physical-chemical properties and their variable size. It is also strictly related to the availability of different instrumental techniques. In the present study we focus on real time high frequency (1 Hz) UFPs particle size distribution (PSD) and their relationship with total particle number concentration (TPNC) and mean particle diameter (Davg) as a contribution characterizing by size the human exposure to UFPs in an indoor site of the University of Rome “Sapienza” (Italy). Further considerations about UFPs contribution to nucleation mode (NM) and accumulation mode (AM) have been highlighted, also in order to investigate the contribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) surface-adsorbed on indoor air particles (pPAHs). High indoor TPNC values were registered during the rush hours (early morning and mid/late afternoon) according to the outdoor influences originated from anthropogenic activities. AM mainly contribute to the indoor TPNC during working days showing high correlation with pPAHs. These findings may provide useful indications in terms of occupational exposure to UFPs since there are many evidences that indoor exposures to such pollutants may be associated with adverse health effects also in working environments.
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Yao Y, Chen X, Chen W, Wang Q, Fan Y, Han Y, Wang T, Wang J, Qiu X, Zheng M, Que C, Zhu T. Susceptibility of individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease to respiratory inflammation associated with short-term exposure to ambient air pollution: A panel study in Beijing. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 766:142639. [PMID: 33069482 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of death worldwide. There is no clear evidence of whether COPD patients are more susceptible to respiratory inflammation associated with short-term exposure to air pollutants than those without COPD. OBJECTIVES This study directly compared air pollutant-associated respiratory inflammation between COPD patients and healthy controls. METHODS This study is based on the COPDB panel study (COPD in Beijing). Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) was repeatedly measured in 53 COPD patients and 82 healthy controls at up to four clinical visits. Concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen monoxide, nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), fine particulate matter (PM2.5), black carbon (BC), ultrafine particles (UFPs), and accumulated-mode particles (Acc) were monitored continuously at a fixed-site monitoring station. Linear mixed-effects models were used to compare the associations between ln-transformed FeNO and average 1-23 h concentrations of air pollutants before the clinical visits. RESULTS FeNO was positively associated with interquartile range (IQR) increases in average concentrations of CO, NO2, SO2, BC, UFPs, and Acc in all participants, with the strongest associations in different time-windows (range from 6.6% for average 1 h NO2 exposure to 32.1% for average 7 h SO2 exposure). Associations between FeNO and average 13-23 h PM2.5 exposure differed significantly according to COPD status. Increases in FeNO associated with average 1-2 h NO exposure were significant in COPD patients (range 8.9-10.2%), while the associations were nonsignificant in healthy controls. Associations between FeNO and average 1-23 h CO and SO2 exposure tended to be higher in COPD patients than in healthy controls, although the differences were not significant. UFPs-associated respiratory inflammation was robust in both subgroups. CONCLUSIONS COPD patients are more susceptible to respiratory inflammation following PM2.5, NO, CO, and SO2 exposure than individuals without COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yao
- SKL-ESPC and BIC-ESAT, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Xi Chen
- SKL-ESPC and BIC-ESAT, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China; GRiC, Shenzhen Institute of Building Research Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China.
| | - Wu Chen
- SKL-ESPC and BIC-ESAT, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Qi Wang
- SKL-ESPC and BIC-ESAT, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yunfei Fan
- SKL-ESPC and BIC-ESAT, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yiqun Han
- SKL-ESPC and BIC-ESAT, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Teng Wang
- SKL-ESPC and BIC-ESAT, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Junxia Wang
- SKL-ESPC and BIC-ESAT, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Xinghua Qiu
- SKL-ESPC and BIC-ESAT, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Mei Zheng
- SKL-ESPC and BIC-ESAT, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Chengli Que
- Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Tong Zhu
- SKL-ESPC and BIC-ESAT, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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Li H, Xu D, Li H, Wu Y, Cheng Y, Chen Z, Yin G, Wang W, Ge Y, Niu Y, Liu C, Cai J, Kan H, Yu D, Chen R. Exposure to ultrafine particles and oral flora, respiratory function, and biomarkers of inflammation: A panel study in children. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 273:116489. [PMID: 33485003 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) is the most important air pollution problem that leads to substantial health effects. However, very few studies focused on the effects of ultrafine particles (UFPs, particles< 0.1 μm) on children respiratory health. We performed a panel study with 3 rounds of follow-up among 65 pupils at the Elementary School Affiliated to Shanghai Normal University in China from November 2018 to June 2019. Real-time concentrations of UFPs were measured in the campus. In each visit, we detected biomarkers in saliva and microflora in buccal mucosa, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and lung function. We applied a linear mixed-effect (LME) model to examine the associations of UFPs and each health outcome. We found increased levels of FeNO and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and reduced lung function in association with higher UFP exposure. For each interquartile range increase of UFPs, the largest changes were found in lag 0-72 h for forced vital capacity [-69.02 ml (95% CI: -114.20, -23.84)], TNF-α [13.41 pg/ml (95% CI: 7.08, 19.73)], and FeNO [26.85% (95% CI: 11.84%, 43.88%)]. UFP exposure was associated with reduced diversity in buccal microflora with largest reduction in lag 0-72 h [12.24 (95% CI: 7.76, 16.71) for Ace index; 8.78 (95% CI: 2.96, 14.60) for Chao1 index]. UFP exposure was also associated with increased Streptococcus, Gemella, and decreased Actinomyces. Short-term UFP exposures may impair the respiratory system by inducing inflammation, decreasing lung function and attenuating buccal microbe diversity in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjin Li
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Dong Xu
- Xuhui District Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Huichu Li
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Yihan Wu
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yu Cheng
- Xuhui District Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Xuhui District Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Guanjin Yin
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Weidong Wang
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yihui Ge
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yue Niu
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Cong Liu
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jing Cai
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Haidong Kan
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Dedong Yu
- Department of 2nd Dental Center, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Renjie Chen
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Shanghai Typhoon Institute/CMA, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health, Shanghai, 200030, China.
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8
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Mohd Isa KN, Hashim Z, Jalaludin J, Lung Than LT, Hashim JH. The Effects of Indoor Pollutants Exposure on Allergy and Lung Inflammation: An Activation State of Neutrophils and Eosinophils in Sputum. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E5413. [PMID: 32731346 PMCID: PMC7432088 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To explore the inflammation phenotypes following indoor pollutants exposure based on marker expression on eosinophils and neutrophils with the application of chemometric analysis approaches. METHODS A cross-sectional study was undertaken among secondary school students in eight suburban and urban schools in the district of Hulu Langat, Selangor, Malaysia. The survey was completed by 96 students at the age of 14 by using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Children (ISAAC) and European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) questionnaires. The fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) was measured, and an allergic skin prick test and sputum induction were performed for all students. Induced sputum samples were analysed for the expression of CD11b, CD35, CD63, and CD66b on eosinophils and neutrophils by flow cytometry. The particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), NO2, CO2, and formaldehyde were measured inside the classrooms. RESULTS Chemometric and regression results have clustered the expression of CD63 with PM2.5, CD11b with NO2, CD66b with FeNO levels, and CO2 with eosinophils, with the prediction accuracy of the models being 71.88%, 76.04%, and 76.04%, respectively. Meanwhile, for neutrophils, the CD63 and CD66b clustering with PM2.5 and CD11b with FeNO levels showed a model prediction accuracy of 72.92% and 71.88%, respectively. CONCLUSION The findings indicated that the exposure to PM2.5 and NO2 was likely associated with the degranulation of eosinophils and neutrophils, following the activation mechanisms that led to the inflammatory reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khairul Nizam Mohd Isa
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (K.N.M.I.); (J.J.)
- Environmental Health Research Cluster (EHRc), Environmental Healthcare Section, Institute of Medical Science Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zailina Hashim
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (K.N.M.I.); (J.J.)
| | - Juliana Jalaludin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (K.N.M.I.); (J.J.)
| | - Leslie Thian Lung Than
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Jamal Hisham Hashim
- IIGH United Nations University, UKM Medical Centre, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;
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9
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The Effect of Particulate Matter Exposure on the Inflammatory Airway Response of Street Runners and Sedentary People. ATMOSPHERE 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos11010043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Physical exercise promotes many health benefits. However, its effects are not well known in a polluted environment. Thus, this study aimed to compare upper airway inflammatory responses between street runners and sedentary individuals. Twenty-eight volunteers were recruited: runners (n = 14) and sedentary individuals (n = 14), who lived and worked in the same metropolitan area of São Paulo, Brazil. Particulate matter (PM) levels were monitored ten weeks before winter (low PM levels) and ten weeks after the beginning of winter (high PM levels) [PM10 (p < 0.0001) and PM2.5 (p < 0.0001)]. The cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-17A) levels in the nasal lavage and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) were taken at the beginning of the winter (baseline) and ten weeks afterwards (after ten weeks of high PM exposure). IL-6 concentration increased in both runners (p = 0.037) and sedentary individuals (p = 0.027) after high PM exposure compared to the baseline. IL-10 concentration increased in sedentary individuals (p = 0.037) while IL-17A levels were increased in runners (p = 0.001) after high PM exposure compared to the baseline. FeNO levels decreased in runners (p = 0.025) after high PM exposure compared to the baseline. Outdoor endurance training acts as an inducer of a differentiated immune response in the upper airways of runners compared to individuals with a sedentary lifestyle from the same community after elevated PM exposure.
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dos Santos JDMB, Foster R, Jonckheere AC, Rossi M, Luna Junior LA, Katekaru CM, de Sá MC, Pagani LG, de Almeida FM, Amaral JDB, Vieira RDP, Bachi ALL, Bullens DMA, Vaisberg M. Outdoor Endurance Training with Air Pollutant Exposure Versus Sedentary Lifestyle: A Comparison of Airway Immune Responses. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E4418. [PMID: 31726719 PMCID: PMC6887780 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16224418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Although regular exercise-training improves immune/inflammatory status, the influence of air pollutants exposure during outdoor endurance training compared to a sedentary lifestyle has not yet been clarified. This study aimed to compare the immune/inflammatory responses in the airways of street runners and sedentary people after acute and chronic particulate matter (PM) exposure. Forty volunteers (street runners (RUN, n = 20); sedentary people (SED, n = 20)) were evaluated 1 (acute) and 10 (chronic) weeks after PM exposure. Cytokines [interferon (IFN)-γ, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, IL-13, and IL-17A] in nasal lavage fluid, salivary antibacterial peptides (lactoferrin (LTF), cathelicidin (LL-37), defensin-α 1-3), and secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA), plasma club cell protein (CC16), and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) were analyzed. After acute exposure, the RUN group showed lower levels of IL-13, IL-10, and FeNO, but higher defensin-α than the SED group. After chronic exposure, the RUN group showed elevation of IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-17A, and a decrease of FeNO levels, whereas the SED group showed elevation of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, and a decrease of IL-13 levels. Comparing these groups, the RUN group showed higher levels of SIgA and LTF, and lower FeNO levels than the SED group. In relation to the Th immune response analysis after acute and chronic PM exposure, the RUN group showed a pattern associated with Th1, while in the SED group, a Th2 pattern was found. Both groups showed also a Th17 immune response pattern. Our results allow us to suggest that the immune/inflammatory status of the respiratory tract after acute and chronic PM exposure was improved by the long-standing regular practice of outdoor endurance exercise compared to a sedentary lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana de Melo Batista dos Santos
- ENT Lab, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua dos Otonis, 700, Piso superior/Second floor, Sao Paulo SP CEP 04025-002, Brazil
| | - Roberta Foster
- ENT Lab, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua dos Otonis, 700, Piso superior/Second floor, Sao Paulo SP CEP 04025-002, Brazil
- Method Faculty of Sao Paulo (FAMESP), Av. Jabaquara, 1314, Sao Paulo SP 04046-200, Brazil
| | - Anne-Charlotte Jonckheere
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, UZ Herestraat 49 box 811, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marcelo Rossi
- ENT Lab, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua dos Otonis, 700, Piso superior/Second floor, Sao Paulo SP CEP 04025-002, Brazil
| | - Luiz Antonio Luna Junior
- ENT Lab, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua dos Otonis, 700, Piso superior/Second floor, Sao Paulo SP CEP 04025-002, Brazil
| | - Catherine Machado Katekaru
- ENT Lab, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua dos Otonis, 700, Piso superior/Second floor, Sao Paulo SP CEP 04025-002, Brazil
| | - Matheus Cavalcante de Sá
- ENT Lab, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua dos Otonis, 700, Piso superior/Second floor, Sao Paulo SP CEP 04025-002, Brazil
| | - Lucas Guimarães Pagani
- ENT Lab, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua dos Otonis, 700, Piso superior/Second floor, Sao Paulo SP CEP 04025-002, Brazil
| | - Francine Maria de Almeida
- Medicine School, São Paulo University, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455—Cerqueira César, São Paulo SP CEP 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Jônatas do Bussador Amaral
- ENT Lab, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua dos Otonis, 700, Piso superior/Second floor, Sao Paulo SP CEP 04025-002, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo de Paula Vieira
- Post-graduation Program in Science of Human and Rehabilitation, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Av. Ana Costa, 95—Vila Mathias, Santos SP CEP 11060-001, Brazil
- Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), Rua Pedro Ernesto 240, São José dos Campos SP CEP 12245-520, Brazil
- Post-graduation Program in Bioengineering and Biomedical Engineering, Universidade Brasil, Rua Carolina Fonseca, 584—Itaquera, São Paulo SP CEP 08230-030, Brazil
- School of Medicine, Anhembi Morumbi University, R. Jaceru, 247, São José dos Campos SP CEP 04705-000, Brazil
| | - Andre Luis Lacerda Bachi
- ENT Lab, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua dos Otonis, 700, Piso superior/Second floor, Sao Paulo SP CEP 04025-002, Brazil
- Method Faculty of Sao Paulo (FAMESP), Av. Jabaquara, 1314, Sao Paulo SP 04046-200, Brazil
- Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), Rua Pedro Ernesto 240, São José dos Campos SP CEP 12245-520, Brazil
- Post-graduation Program in Bioengineering and Biomedical Engineering, Universidade Brasil, Rua Carolina Fonseca, 584—Itaquera, São Paulo SP CEP 08230-030, Brazil
| | - Dominique Magdalena A Bullens
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, UZ Herestraat 49 box 811, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Clinical Division of Pediatrics, UZ Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mauro Vaisberg
- ENT Lab, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua dos Otonis, 700, Piso superior/Second floor, Sao Paulo SP CEP 04025-002, Brazil
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