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Azab RY, Binyaseen JA, Almuwallad AS, Alomiri SS, Faden NM, Ramadan MM, Aldosary T. Treatment Perception and Utilization of Dental Care During Pregnancy Among Women Visiting Antenatal Clinics in King Abdulaziz Medical City & Primary Healthcare, National Guard, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2024; 16:e56900. [PMID: 38659538 PMCID: PMC11042758 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives To identify how readily accessible dental care is to a sample of pregnant women in King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), Jeddah, and to determine any potential obstacles to receiving dental care while pregnant. Methodology Female patients visiting antenatal clinics in KAMC in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia were the target group for this cross-sectional study. The age range was limited to childbearing age (18-48 years old). Both pregnant and non-pregnant women were established in obstetrics and gynecology clinics. The pattern of dental service use and attitude toward dental treatment during pregnancy were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. Other data were gathered, such as demographics, education, employment status, and the number of live births. Results This study included 361 participants in the survey with an 80% response rate. A large proportion of participants was in the age group of 19 to 35 years old (75.07%; p-value < 0.0001), holding undergraduate degrees (58.17%; p-value < 0.0001), housewives (77.56%; p-value < 0.0001), married (99.45%; p-value < 0.0001), non-pregnant women (75.07%; p-value < 0.0001), and have three or more children (42.94%; p-value < 0.0001). About two-thirds of the participants reported using private hospitals for their dental services (65.37%; p-value < 0.0001), while 22.03% (p-value < 0.0001) of the participants reported visiting a dentist in the last six months and 7.2% (p-value < 0.0001) visited a dentist during pregnancy. In terms of awareness questions, 72.02% (p-value < 0.0001) reported that if the mother did not eat well, the baby takes calcium from the mother's teeth, 43.77% (p-value < 0.0001) reported brushing teeth at least three times a day, and 42.94% (p-value < 0.0001) of women reported that they do not have an idea about what they need to do if a pregnant woman needs treatment that requires taking X-rays. Similar patterns were observed in other awareness answers. Conclusion Based on the study's findings, there is a significantly low rate of dental care utilization in the sample of pregnant women. We conclude that educated women are more likely to maintain good oral hygiene and are more satisfied with their oral health. However, a large proportion of participants reported dental problems during their pregnancy. In general, a lack of knowledge about the safety of dental care during pregnancy is the main obstacle to seeking dental care. Limitations The selected sample was from antenatal clinics in KAMC & Primary Healthcare, National Guard, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. As a result, the findings of this study cannot be applied to the total female population of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Because the information was self-reported, which is a common issue with self-administered questionnaires, and because participation in the study was voluntary and participant confidentiality was maintained, there is a low chance that the data may be subject to recall or response bias.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Neda M Faden
- Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
| | | | - Taghreed Aldosary
- Medical Sciences-Oral Biology, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, SAU
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Kuzekanani M. Latest Concepts in Endodontic Management of Pregnant Patients. Int J Dent 2023; 2023:9714515. [PMID: 37899798 PMCID: PMC10611540 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9714515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Pregnant patients and how to manage their treatments is one of the most important challenges in endodontic practice. Endodontic treatment on pregnant women is sometimes an emergency condition to control toothache due to irreversible pulpitis and odontogenic infection. Tooth decay, oral health, local and general anesthesia, analgesics, antibiotic prescription, drug interactions, and X-ray radiation are the most important considerations that may impact treatment planning and endodontic practice in pregnancy. The aim of this article is to notify and explain the latest concepts in the endodontic management of pregnant patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Kuzekanani
- Department of Endodontics, Kerman Dental School, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Incarceration exposure and women's oral health experiences during pregnancy. Soc Sci Med 2022; 314:115467. [PMID: 36288649 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Prior research has documented an association between incarceration and poor oral health outcomes. Likewise, recent scholarship has also detailed that women exposed to incarceration either directly or vicariously through a partner during pregnancy incur worse health outcomes. However, no previous research has assessed the connection between incarceration exposure and oral health during pregnancy. OBJECTIVE The current study assesses the link between maternal incarceration exposure and oral health during pregnancy. METHODS Data are from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) from years 2016-2019 (N = 60,342). Logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between incarceration and oral health. RESULTS Women exposed to incarceration exhibited worse oral health outcomes in the form of being more likely to report not knowing the importance of oral care, not having an oral health discussion with a provider, not getting a teeth cleaning, as well as being likely to report needing to see a dental provider, having visited a dental provider for a problem during pregnancy, and having more unmet dental care needs. CONCLUSIONS These findings add to a burgeoning literature that demonstrates a woman's prenatal exposure to incarceration poses risk for overall health and wellbeing. Given the influence of both incarceration exposure and oral health during pregnancy for maternal and infant health, the findings suggest that coordination between criminal justice, public health, and oral health experts can develop programmatic efforts that expand access to oral health care and improve oral health literacy among incarceration-exposed pregnant women.
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Ludovichetti FS, Zuccon A, Lucchi P, Cattaruzza G, Zerman N, Stellini E, Mazzoleni S. Mothers' Awareness of the Correlation between Their Own and Their Children's Oral Health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192214967. [PMID: 36429685 PMCID: PMC9690153 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192214967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Pregnancy is a critical time for a woman since it involves a series of changes in the body due to hormonal fluctuations and changes that can also influence the oral cavity and can lead to certain pathologies, such as carious lesions. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated over the years that having poor dental health during pregnancy might have a significant impact on the child's oral health. The aim of the study is to analyze the level of knowledge and information of mothers on the importance of oral health care before, during, and after pregnancy as a preventive factor for the future oral health of the child. A questionnaire of 13 multiple choice questions was formulated and delivered from 24 February 2022 to 13 July 2022, aimed at women with at least one child. The Department of Pediatric Dentistry of the Borgo Cavalli Clinic in Treviso and the Maxillofacial Surgery Department of Santa Maria di Ca' Foncello Hospital in Treviso were the data collection centers. Crosstabs with dependency variables were used to statistically analyze the results. The study cohort consists of 411 women, whose responses showed that the majority did not have dental visits before and during pregnancy, which is why 74% of the whole sample did not request or receive information from professionals. Most mothers knew that they had to cleanse their child's mouth and, among them, those who responded more correctly, that is, who started before the eruption of the teeth, had received instructions from professionals. However, the low frequency of mothers performing dental checks during pregnancy did not allow mothers to become aware of the possibility of transmitting the carious lesions to their child, as conscious mothers represent 21%. Education from dentist and dental hygienists, gynecologists, and pediatricians is essential since they have an impact on mothers' habits and behaviors and ensure favorable oral health for both the mother and the child.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Saverio Ludovichetti
- Department of Neurosciences—Dentistry Section, Università degli Studi di Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0498212040
| | - Andrea Zuccon
- Department of Neurosciences—Dentistry Section, Università degli Studi di Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Patrizia Lucchi
- Department of Neurosciences—Dentistry Section, Università degli Studi di Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Giulia Cattaruzza
- Department of Neurosciences—Dentistry Section, Università degli Studi di Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Zerman
- Department of Pediatric Dentisrty, Università degli Studi di Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy
| | - Edoardo Stellini
- Department of Neurosciences—Dentistry Section, Università degli Studi di Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Sergio Mazzoleni
- Department of Neurosciences—Dentistry Section, Università degli Studi di Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
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Kranz AM, Estrada-Darley I. Racial/Ethnic Differences in Receipt of Dental Cleanings During Pregnancy. Womens Health Issues 2022; 32:615-622. [PMID: 35918241 PMCID: PMC9722532 DOI: 10.1016/j.whi.2022.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We aimed to examine racial/ethnic differences in receipt of dental cleanings during pregnancy, overall and by health insurance type, using 2016-2018 Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System survey data from 39 states and New York City. METHODS We used a weighted linear probability model to estimate receipt of a dental cleaning during pregnancy. Key explanatory variables included race/ethnicity (Hispanic, White, Black, Asian and Pacific Islander (API), and other racial groups) and health insurance type (Medicaid, private, and other). RESULTS Among a weighted sample of 5,301,753 individuals, 45.9% received a dental cleaning during pregnancy. Regression-adjusted predicted rates of dental cleanings were significantly higher among White than non-White individuals, with the lowest rates observed among Black (43.2%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 40.6%-45.9%) and API individuals (30.6%; 95% CI, 28.5%-32.7%). When comparing rates by health insurance type, adjusted rates were highest among privately insured White individuals (57.4%; 95% CI, 56.1%-58.7%) and lowest among Medicaid-enrolled API individuals (25.4%; 95% CI, 21.5%-29.2%). CONCLUSIONS Fewer than one-half of pregnant individuals received dental cleanings, with the lowest rates observed for non-White individuals and Medicaid-enrolled individuals. Efforts are needed to increase dental visits among publicly insured, Black, Hispanic, and API pregnant individuals.
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Paksoy T, Peker K, Ustaoğlu G, Ural ÜM. Socio-demographic, Behavioral and Subjective Factors Affecting the Knowledge and Attitudes on Periodontal Health Among Turkish Pregnants. MEANDROS MEDICAL AND DENTAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.4274/meandros.galenos.2021.98159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Javali MA, Saquib SA, Abdul Khader M, Khalid I, AlShahrani AY, Kanji MA, Asiri E. Oral health knowledge, attitude, and practice of pregnant women in Deccan, South India: a cross-sectional prenatal survey. J Med Life 2022; 15:420-424. [PMID: 35449998 PMCID: PMC9015187 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2019-0095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy is a unique condition for women, associated with physiological and emotional changes in the body. Various research showed an association between periodontal disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Importance to hygiene maintenance should be given during pregnancy and improve the wellbeing of the mother and child. This study assessed oral health knowledge, attitude, and practices among pregnant women in Hyderabad. The study design was cross-sectional and included 445 women who responded and completed the survey. Subjects were selected using a random sampling technique in gynecology clinics. The questionnaire form consisted of four sections: demographic data, knowledge, attitude, and oral hygiene practice. Out of the 482 pregnant females invited to participate in the study, 445 women completed the survey, giving a response rate of 92%. The majority of women showed good knowledge and attitude regarding oral hygiene and its relation to pregnancy. However, the participants showed poor compliance with the recommended protocol. There are certain myths and barriers to dental treatment that need to be considered in the prenatal education of women. If explained by the gynecologist, the importance of oral health and its correlation with systemic health will play a crucial role in improving oral hygiene practice and regular dental visits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukhatar Ahmed Javali
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahabe Abullais Saquib
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia,Corresponding Author: Shahabe Abullais Saquib,Department of Periodontics and Community Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia. E-mail:
| | - Mohasin Abdul Khader
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Khalid
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Masroor Ahmed Kanji
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elyas Asiri
- Department of Dentistry, Ministry of Health Clinics, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Robison V, Bauman B, D'Angelo DV, Espinoza L, Thornton-Evans G, Lin M. The Impact of Dental Insurance and Medical Insurance on Dental Care Utilization During Pregnancy. Matern Child Health J 2021; 25:832-840. [PMID: 33389456 PMCID: PMC10921926 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-020-03094-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To measure the association between dental and medical insurance with the receipt of dental cleaning during pregnancy. METHODS We analyzed Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) data from 2012 to 2015 on 145,051 women with a recent live birth from 36 states. We used adjusted prevalence ratios [aPR] from multivariable regression to examine the association of dental and medical insurance with receipt of dental cleaning during pregnancy, controlling for selected covariates that influence dental care utilization. RESULTS Seventy-seven percent (77%) of all women reported having dental insurance during pregnancy. Receipt of dental cleaning before pregnancy was strongly associated with dental cleaning during pregnancy. Among women without pre-pregnancy dental cleaning who had dental insurance, those with Medicaid medical insurance had a significantly higher prevalence of dental cleaning during pregnancy [aPR = 1.42, 95% CI (1.32 - 1.52)], compared to those private medical insurance. Among women without pre-pregnancy dental cleaning, those without dental insurance but with Medicaid medical insurance were about 70% less likely to have dental cleaning during pregnancy compared to those with dental and private medical insurance. CONCLUSIONS FOR PRACTICE With or without dental insurance, pre-pregnancy dental cleaning was strongly associated with dental cleaning during pregnancy. Dental insurance was an important determinant of dental utilization. Medical insurance had an independent and positive effect. This effect varied by private versus Medicaid medical insurance. Programs which provide women with dental insurance both before and during pregnancy could improve the oral health of maternal and infant populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Robison
- Division of Oral Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Preventions and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Hwy. NE, MS F-74, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Brenda Bauman
- Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Preventions and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Denise V D'Angelo
- Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Preventions and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lorena Espinoza
- Division of Oral Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Preventions and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Hwy. NE, MS F-74, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Gina Thornton-Evans
- Division of Oral Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Preventions and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Hwy. NE, MS F-74, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mei Lin
- Division of Oral Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Preventions and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Hwy. NE, MS F-74, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Rahebi D, Valadbeigi T, Hasani J, Hajipour M, Erfanpoor S, Etemad K, Yaghoobi H, Zolfizadeh F, Esmaeilzadeh F, Gholami A, Rajabi A. Utilization of dental care in Iranian pregnant women: Findings from a population-based study. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2021; 18:26. [PMID: 34249252 PMCID: PMC8248262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although dental care attendance during pregnancy has been recommended by guidelines and institutions, the demand for dental services is still low among pregnant women. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of not receipt dental care and also determinants of that during pregnancy. MATERIALS AND METHODS This population-based study was conducted on 4071 mothers in 10 provinces of Iran, during 2014-2015. We calculated the prevalence of not receipt of dental care, and reasons for nonreceipt of care. We used logistic regression to estimate odds of nonreceipt of care by demographics variables. In the analyses, the level of statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. RESULTS Overall, 54.70% of women had no dental visit during pregnancy. In mothers who had a history of stillbirth, neonatal death and live birth, the prevalence of not receipt dental care during pregnancy were 54.56%, 48.92%, and 58.76%, respectively. The logistic regression analyses showed that parity second-to-fourth birth than first birth (odds ratio [OR] 1.37 confidence interval [CI] 95% 1.17-1.59, residence in rural (OR 1.68 CI 95% 1.45-1.95), and not intended pregnancy (OR 1.32 CI 95% 1.03-1.68) associated with not received dental care during pregnancy. CONCLUSION Most pregnant women in this study received insufficient dental care. The need for dental care during pregnancy must be promoted widely among women of reproductive age, and family barriers to dental care should be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donya Rahebi
- Dental Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Tannaz Valadbeigi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Student Research Committee, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jalil Hasani
- Department of Public Health, Torbat Jam Faculty of Medical Sciences, Torbat Jam, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Hajipour
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Research Center, Research Institute for Children's Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Erfanpoor
- Department of Epidemiology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Koorosh Etemad
- Department of Epidemiology, Environmental and Occupational Hazards Control Research Center, Faculty of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Halime Yaghoobi
- Mother and Child Welfare Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Zolfizadeh
- Mother and Child Welfare Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Firooz Esmaeilzadeh
- Department of Health Economic, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Ali Gholami
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Abdolhalim Rajabi
- Environmental Health Research Center, Faculty of Health, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran,Address for correspondence: Dr. Abdolhalim Rajabi, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Hirkan Blvd., Gorgan 1449614535, Iran. E-mail:
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Rajabi A, Rahebi D, Valadbeigi T, Hasani J, Hajipour M, Erfanpoor S, Etemad K, Yaghoobi H, Zolfizadeh F, Esmaeilzadeh F, Gholami A. Utilization of dental care in Iranian pregnant women: Findings from a population-based study. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.313121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Baskaradoss JK, Geevarghese A. Utilization of dental services among low and middle income pregnant, post-partum and six-month post-partum women. BMC Oral Health 2020; 20:120. [PMID: 32312257 PMCID: PMC7171727 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01076-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aims to explore the difference in the utilization pattern of dental services among pregnant, post-partum and six-month post-partum women. Methods This cross-sectional questionnaire survey was performed at two maternity and child care hospitals in India that primarily cater to middle and low income communities. Data were collected from 3 groups: 1) pregnant women in their first trimester; 2) post-partum women (< 48 h after delivery); and 3) six-month post-partum women. The primary outcome of interest was dental service utilization during pregnancy. Self-perceived oral health (SPOH) was calculated based on the four global dimensions- knowledge, function, quality of life and social. Multiple logistic regression analysis was carried out to assess the effect of each independent variable after adjustment for the effect of all other variables in the model. Results Responses of 450 (150 pregnant, 150 post-partum and 150 six-month post-partum) women were analyzed (response rate = 72%). Significant differences in the dental attendance pattern was observed between the study groups (p < 0.01). Dental attendance among pregnant and six-month post-partum women were 60 and 75%, respectively, however, only about 15% of the post-partum women reported to have sought dental care within the 6 months prior to the study. Post-partum women had the highest SPOH scores, indicating poor self-perceived oral health, followed by pregnant and then six-month post-partum women, which was statistically significant (p < 0.05). A significantly higher percentage of post-partum women reported to have poor oral and general health, as compared to both, pregnant and six-month post-partum women (p < 0.01). Higher percentage of women reporting ‘good’ oral and general health had sought dental care compared with others (p < 0.01). After adjusting for all the other variables in the model, women with lower levels of education (ORa = 1.42; 95% CI: 1.01–2.00), women with poor self-perceived oral health (ORa = 1.08; 95% CI: 1.02–1.14) and post-partum women (ORa = 0.15; 95% CI: 0.09–0.24) were found to be less likely to seek regular dental care. Conclusion Pattern of dental service utilization among women in this population varied according to their pregnancy status, level of education and self-perceived oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagan Kumar Baskaradoss
- Division of Dental Public Health, Department of Developmental and Preventive Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Kuwait University, 13110, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
| | - Amrita Geevarghese
- Resident, Dental Public Health, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, 707 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
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Barman D, Ranjan R, Kundu A. Factors associated with dental visit and barriers to the utilization of dental services among tribal pregnant women in Khurda district, Bhubaneswar: A cross-sectional study. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2019; 23:562-568. [PMID: 31849403 PMCID: PMC6906906 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_704_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: There is a lack of knowledge related to the utilization of dental services by tribal pregnant women who constitute over 35% of the Indian population. The aim of the present study was to identify barriers to the utilization of the dental services and also the factors that concern the tribal mothers’ visit to the dental office. Materials and Methods: A total of 300 tribal mothers visiting a tertiary care unit participated in this cross-sectional, observational study. A pilot study with twenty participants was conducted before the commencement of the study. Data were collected using a modified questionnaire consisting of demographic data and questions relating to oral health knowledge, attitude, and practices, as well as barriers to the utilization of dental services and factors that concern dental visits during pregnancy. Data analysis was done using SPSS software package 21.0. Nonparametric statistical tests were done to analyze oral health knowledge and attitude of the participants. Various factors were identified using univariate and multivariate models using simple logistic regression analysis and multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: Among the two different tribes considered in the present study, the Saora tribe seemed to be more conscious toward oral health, and 29.7% of participants visited the dentist during pregnancy. The age and experience of the participants along with the educational level, employment status, and knowledge about oral health-related pregnancy outcomes influenced their dental visits. The most reported barrier included the lack of awareness and knowledge of the availability of the dental services. Accessibility and distance to the dental clinic were not found to be negative confounding factors among the participants for the utilization of the services. Conclusion: This study concludes that previous experience and consciousness of the mother to utilize the dental services played a vital role in the utilization of dental services among tribal pregnant women. However, the findings of the present study clearly indicate the need for further research to understand barriers to the utilization of dental services among underprivileged tribal groups of population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diplina Barman
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Rajeev Ranjan
- Dental Surgeon, Community Health Centre, Bero, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Anirban Kundu
- Junior Resident, ILS Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Liu PP, Wen W, Yu KF, Gao X, Wong MCM. Dental Care-Seeking and Information Acquisition During Pregnancy: A Qualitative Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16142621. [PMID: 31340485 PMCID: PMC6679345 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16142621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background: Pregnant women are at risk of oral health problems. This qualitative study aims to understand dental care-seeking behaviours of pregnant women and their oral health-related information acquisition, to identify barriers to and motivators for, dental visits, and further explore their expectations and possible strategies to improve oral health care during pregnancy. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 30 pregnant women (after 32 gestational weeks) enrolled in the antenatal care programme in a public hospital in Hong Kong. Two main areas of interest were probed: Dental care-seeking behaviour and oral health information acquisition. Their expectations and suggestions on oral health care service for pregnant women were also explored. An inductive thematic approach was adopted to analyse the data. Results: Pregnant women’s dental care-seeking behaviour was deterred by some internal factors, such as misunderstandings on oral health, and priority on other issues over oral health. External factors such as inconvenient access to dental service during pregnancy also affected their care-seeking behaviours. Oral health information was passively absorbed by pregnant women through mass media and the social environment, which sometimes led to confusion. Oral health information acquisition from antenatal institutions and care providers was rare. Greater attention was paid to dental visit when they obtained proper information from previous dental visit experience or family members. A potential strategy to improve oral health care suggested by the interviewees is to develop a health care system strengthened by inter-professional (antenatal-dental) collaboration. Efficient oral health information delivery, convenient access to dental service, and improved ‘quality’ of dental care targeting the needs of pregnant women were identified as possible approaches to improve dental care for this population. Conclusion: Dental care-seeking behaviour during pregnancy was altered by various internal and external factors. A lack of, or conflict between, information sources result in confusion that can restrict utilisation of dental service. Integrating dental care into antenatal service would be a viable way to improve dental service utilisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pearl Pei Liu
- Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Weiye Wen
- Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ka Fung Yu
- Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoli Gao
- Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - May Chun Mei Wong
- Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Togoo RA, Al-Almai B, Al-Hamdi F, Huaylah SH, Althobati M, Alqarni S. Knowledge of Pregnant Women about Pregnancy Gingivitis and Children Oral Health. Eur J Dent 2019; 13:261-270. [PMID: 31340403 PMCID: PMC6777164 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1693236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective
A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was carried out among 251 pregnant women to assess their level of knowledge and perception regarding pregnancy gingivitis and the oral health of new born children.
Materials and Methods
A self-administered validated questionnaire was distributed among pregnant women visiting the Child and Maternity Hospital, Ministry of Health, Aseer, Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire included the questions related to their knowledge/awareness about cause, treatment, preventive measures, and the adverse effects of gingivitis on oral health of a woman.
Statistical Analysis
The data was entered into Microsoft excel sheet and put to statistical analysis using SPSS (version 17). Descriptive analysis and also chi-squared test was used for comparison.
Results
Majority of pregnant women were found unaware about developing of pregnancy gingivitis as well as the cause, effects, treatment, and preventive measures for the same. Most of the subjects agreed that it was essentially required to have oral health education before their pregnancy term would start.
Conclusion
Most of the pregnant women said that they were unaware about pregnancy gingivitis, though few reported of being aware about it. It is inferred that the collaborative efforts between general dentists, pediatric dentists, public health dentists, and medical professionals are needed to raise awareness among pregnant women regarding timely dental care to avoid the adverse pregnancy related outcomes due to gingivitis and periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafi A Togoo
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics King Khalid University College of Dentistry Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Balsam Al-Almai
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics King Khalid University College of Dentistry Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatimah Al-Hamdi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics King Khalid University College of Dentistry Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Salha H Huaylah
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics King Khalid University College of Dentistry Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mashael Althobati
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics King Khalid University College of Dentistry Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Safeyah Alqarni
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics King Khalid University College of Dentistry Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Oral Health Status and Treatment Needs of Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinics in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Int J Dent 2019; 2019:5475973. [PMID: 30956659 PMCID: PMC6425350 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5475973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
During pregnancy, the oral cavity is characterised by an acidic environment and an inflammatory response brought about by vomiting and changes in hormonal levels, respectively, thereby increasing the mother's risk of developing caries. Although evidence exists to support an association between pregnancy-associated periodontal disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes, there is a paucity of studies which focus on the caries prevalence and other oral manifestations of pregnant women. The aim of this study was to assess the oral health status and treatment needs of pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Randomly selected mothers (n=443) attending a maternal obstetrics unit participated in the study. A questionnaire elicited demographic information about the participants, while the measurement of decayed, missing, and filled indices (DMFT) determined their caries status. Oral lesions were noted if present. Descriptive statistics for independent variables described frequencies in the various categories of race, location, pregnancy stage, etc., with the association between 2 independent variables tested by chi-square. Dependent variables such as DMFT were expressed as means and standard deviations, and ANOVA was used to examine whether independent variables significantly influenced the DMFT. The mean DMFT was 7.18 (±4.22) with significant correlations observed between DMFT, D, M, and age. F scores differed significantly between races, location, and educational levels and showed a significant correlation with pregnancy stage. Pregnancy epulis was diagnosed in 38 (8.5%), oral lesions in 65 (14.7%), and tooth mobility in 26 (5.9%) mothers. Early oral health screening during pregnancy can ensure the overall well-being of both the mother and the foetus.
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Bett JVS, Batistella EÂ, Melo G, Munhoz EDA, Silva CAB, Guerra ENDS, Porporatti AL, De Luca Canto G. Prevalence of oral mucosal disorders during pregnancy: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. J Oral Pathol Med 2019; 48:270-277. [PMID: 30673134 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence of oral mucosal disorders during pregnancy. METHODS Observational studies were selected by two reviewers in a two-phase process. Search strategies were applied at CINAHL, LILACS, LIVIVO, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, OpenGrey, and ProQuest. The risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute's Critical Appraisal Checklist for Studies Reporting Prevalence Data. Synthesis of results was calculated by the software R Statistics version 3.5.1 (The R Foundation, Vienna, Austria). Confidence in cumulative evidence was assessed by using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria. RESULTS Fifteen studies met the eligibility criteria and were selected for qualitative synthesis and meta-analysis, of which 5935 participants were enrolled. The overall prevalence of oral mucosal disorders was 11.8%. Gingival hyperplasia (17.1%), morsicatio buccarum (10%), oral candidiasis (4.4%), pyogenic granuloma (3%), and benign migratory glossitis (2.8%) were the most prevalent lesions. The overall risk of bias was considered moderate, and the quality of evidence was very low. CONCLUSION Disorders of the oral mucosa were present in approximately 1 out of 10 pregnant women. Gingival hyperplasia was the most prevalent lesion. Further studies should apply homogeneous methodology to improve the quality of evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Victor Silva Bett
- Brazilian Centre for Evidence‐Based ResearchFederal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) Florianópolis Santa Catarina Brazil
| | - Elis Ângela Batistella
- Brazilian Centre for Evidence‐Based ResearchFederal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) Florianópolis Santa Catarina Brazil
| | - Gilberto Melo
- Brazilian Centre for Evidence‐Based ResearchFederal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) Florianópolis Santa Catarina Brazil
| | - Etiene de Andrade Munhoz
- Department of DentistryFederal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) Florianópolis Santa Catarina Brazil
| | | | | | - André Luís Porporatti
- Brazilian Centre for Evidence‐Based ResearchFederal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) Florianópolis Santa Catarina Brazil
- Department of DentistryFederal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) Florianópolis Santa Catarina Brazil
| | - Graziela De Luca Canto
- Brazilian Centre for Evidence‐Based ResearchFederal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) Florianópolis Santa Catarina Brazil
- Department of DentistryFederal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) Florianópolis Santa Catarina Brazil
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Marchi KS, Rinki C, Shah M, Dove M, Terpak C, Curtis MP, Braveman P. Medical Provider Promotion of Oral Health and Women’s Receipt of Dental Care During Pregnancy. Matern Child Health J 2019; 23:890-902. [DOI: 10.1007/s10995-018-02714-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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18
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Xiao J, Alkhers N, Kopycka-Kedzierawski DT, Billings RJ, Wu TT, Castillo DA, Rasubala L, Malmstrom H, Ren Y, Eliav E. Prenatal Oral Health Care and Early Childhood Caries Prevention: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Caries Res 2019; 53:411-421. [PMID: 30630167 PMCID: PMC6554051 DOI: 10.1159/000495187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the advancement of early childhood caries (ECC) prediction and treatment, ECC remains a significant public health burden in need of more effective preventive strategies. Pregnancy is an ideal period to promote ECC prevention given the profound influence of maternal oral health and behaviors on children's oral health. However, studies have shown debatable results with respect to the effectiveness of ECC prevention by means of prenatal intervention. Therefore, this study systematically reviewed the scientific evidence relating to the association between prenatal oral health care, ECC incidence, and Streptococcus mutans carriage in children. Five studies (3 randomized control trials, 1 prospective cohort study, and 1 nested case-control study) were included for qualitative assessment. Tested prenatal oral health care included providing fluoride supplements, oral examinations/cleanings, oral health education, dental treatment referrals, and xylitol gum chewing. Four studies that assessed ECC incidence reduction were included in meta-analysis using an unconditional generalized linear mixed effects model with random study effects and age as a covariate. The estimated odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals suggested a protective effect of prenatal oral health care against ECC onset before 4 years of age: 0.12 (0.02, 0.77) at 1 year of age, 0.18 (0.05, 0.63) at 2 years of age, 0.25 (0.09, 0.64) at 3 years of age, and 0.35 (0.12, 1.00) at 4 years of age. Children's S. mutans carriage was also significantly reduced in the intervention group. Future studies should consider testing strategies that restore an expectant mother's oral health to a disease-free state during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Xiao
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA,
| | - Naemah Alkhers
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | | | - Ronald J Billings
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Tong Tong Wu
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Daniel A Castillo
- Miner Library, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Linda Rasubala
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Hans Malmstrom
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Yanfang Ren
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Eli Eliav
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
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19
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Finlayson TL, Gupta A, Ramos-Gomez FJ. Prenatal Maternal Factors, Intergenerational Transmission of Disease, and Child Oral Health Outcomes. Dent Clin North Am 2018; 61:483-518. [PMID: 28577633 DOI: 10.1016/j.cden.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This article reviews maternal prenatal risk factors for caries in children and intergenerational transmission of caries, emphasizing early interventions for pregnant women and mother-infant pairs. A growing body of evidence focuses on maternal interventions. Studies suggest that early prenatal clinical and educational interventions are effective at reducing mother-child mutans streptococci (MS) transmission and delaying colonization and caries in young children. Dental screenings and anticipatory guidance about maternal and infant oral health should be included in prenatal care and pediatric well visits. Dental care during pregnancy is safe and recommended and can reduce maternal MS levels. Infants should visit a dentist by age 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy L Finlayson
- Division of Health Management and Policy, Graduate School of Public Health, Institute for Behavioral and Community Health, San Diego State University, 9245 Sky Part Court, Suite 221, San Diego, CA 92123, USA.
| | - Aarti Gupta
- Institute for Behavioral and Community Health, 9245 Sky Park Court, Suite 221, San Diego, CA 92123, USA
| | - Francisco J Ramos-Gomez
- Section of Pediatric Dentistry, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) School of Dentistry, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Box 951668, CHS Room 23-020B, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1668, USA
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20
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Payal S, Kumar GS, Sumitra Y, Sandhya J, Deshraj J, Shivam K, Parul S. Oral health of pregnant females in central India: Knowledge, awareness, and present status. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2017; 6:102. [PMID: 29296603 PMCID: PMC5747225 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_146_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The oral health of pregnant females needs attention, especially in developing countries like India where oral checkup and care is not considered to be a part of mandatory antenatal protocols. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the oral health status of pregnant females in Central India including the assessment of their knowledge, attitude, and awareness about oral health. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study population comprised of 320 pregnant females, and a control group consisted of 103 age-matched nonpregnant females. A cross-sectional self-reported questionnaire-based survey and clinical examination was conducted. RESULTS Out of 320, 192 (60%) pregnant females had some dental problem during pregnancy. Community periodontal index (CPI) score for total pregnant females (2.16) was significantly higher in comparison to control group (1.29). Nearly 72.81% of pregnant females had never attended the dentist. Trimester-wise comparison showed time-dependent increase in CPI score. Low educational status, older age, earlier issues, poor hygiene habits, and tobacco use showed a direct effect on compromised oral health. CONCLUSION The study highlights the need of interaction between dental practitioners and gynecologists including routine dental checkup during antenatal visits of pregnant females as essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saxena Payal
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Government College of Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Gupta Saurabh Kumar
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Government College of Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Yadav Sumitra
- Department of Obstretics and Gynaecology, Mahatama Gandhi Memorial Medical College, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Jain Sandhya
- Department of Orthodontics, Government College of Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Jain Deshraj
- Department of Prosthodontics, Government College of Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | | | - Saxena Parul
- Resident, Hindu Rao Hospital, Malka, New Delhi, India
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21
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Bakhtiar K, Gharouni K, Gharouni B, Alavijeh FZ, Almasian M, Bakhtiar M, Bastami F. The effect of training interventions on the psychological factors of oral health in pregnant women. Electron Physician 2017; 9:5506-5515. [PMID: 29238491 PMCID: PMC5718855 DOI: 10.19082/5506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Oral health is crucial for high-risk pregnant women in order to preserve their health and the health of their infants. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the impact of training programs on the behavior of pregnant mothers concerning oral health in Khorramabad, Iran. Methods This is an educational experimental study carried out in 2015 on 164 pregnant women referring to health centers in the city of Khorramabad who were randomly divided into two groups (each n=82). The instruments for data collection included a questionnaire based on the Health Belief Model regarding oral health and two checklists of oral health indexes (OHIS and DMFT). Data were analyzed using SPSS 20 via paired-samples t-test, independent-samples t-test and Chi-square. Results The mean score of knowledge and performance, and the variables of the components of the Health Belief Model including the perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers and self-efficacy regarding the oral health care, significantly increased in the intervention group following the training intervention (p<0.001). However, the DMFT index did not show any changes after the intervention in the intervention and control groups (p=0.381). On the other hand, the OHIS index significantly decreased in the intervention group as compared with the pre-intervention scores (p=0.002). Conclusion The results of this study showed that training based on the Health Belief Model leads to the enhancement of performance regarding oral health in pregnant women and thus prevents any increase in OHIS and DMFT levels during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katayon Bakhtiar
- Public Health Department, School of Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Kasra Gharouni
- Dentist, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Behnam Gharouni
- Dentist, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Zamani Alavijeh
- Ph.D. of Health Education & Promotion, Faculty Member, Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Almasian
- M.Sc., Faculty Member, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Maryam Bakhtiar
- Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Faculty Member of the Department of Oral Health and Social Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Bastami
- Ph.D. of Health Education & Promotion, Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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22
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Azofeifa A, Yeung LF, Alverson CJ, Beltrán-Aguilar E. Dental caries and periodontal disease among U.S. pregnant women and nonpregnant women of reproductive age, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2004. J Public Health Dent 2016; 76:320-329. [PMID: 27154283 PMCID: PMC5097890 DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study assessed and compared the prevalence and severity of dental caries and the prevalence of periodontal disease among pregnant and nonpregnant women of reproductive age (15-44 years) using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, NHANES (1999-2004). METHODS Estimates were derived from a sample of 897 pregnant women and 3,971 nonpregnant women. Chi-square and two-sample t-tests were used to assess differences between groups stratified by age, race/ethnicity, education, and poverty. Bonferroni method was applied to adjust for multiple comparisons. RESULTS In general, there were no statistically significant differences in the prevalence estimates of dental caries and periodontal disease between pregnant women and nonpregnant women. However, results showed significant differences when stratified by sociodemographic characteristics. For example, the prevalence of untreated dental caries among women aged 15-24 years was significantly higher in pregnant women than in nonpregnant women (41 percent versus 24 percent, P = 0.001). Regardless of their pregnancy status, racial/ethnic minorities or women with less education or lower family income had higher prevalence of untreated dental caries, severity of dental caries, and periodontal disease compared to the respective reference groups of non-Hispanic whites or women with more education or higher family income. CONCLUSION Results of this study show few clinical differences in dental caries and periodontal disease between pregnant and nonpregnant women but persistent disparities by sociodemographic characteristics. In order to reduce oral health disparities in the United States, it is important to improve access to oral health care particularly among vulnerable groups. Integrating oral health into the overall health care could benefit and improve women's oral health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Azofeifa
- Division of Evaluation, Analysis and Quality, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, MD
- Division of Congenital and Developmental Disorders, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
| | - Lorraine F. Yeung
- Division of Congenital and Developmental Disorders, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
| | - C. J. Alverson
- Division of Congenital and Developmental Disorders, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
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Assery MK. A 22 year comparison survey of dental knowledge in Al-Jubail antenatal clinic population. Saudi Dent J 2016; 28:86-90. [PMID: 27486294 PMCID: PMC4957503 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Revised: 12/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze and compare dental knowledge between two generations of pregnant women attending the same antenatal clinic in Al-Jubail, Saudi Arabia. METHODS A cross sectional self administered questionnaire was conducted among 252 pregnant women in three different antenatal clinics. Data were analyzed using SPSS (v. 21), p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Most surveyed women were knowledgeable about dental health issues, although a large percentage did not visit dental clinics regularly during pregnancy. Results showed a decline in dental knowledge, compared with data collected 22 years ago. Pregnant women participating in the current survey had more dental problems and underwent more dental procedures than did those participating in the previous survey. CONCLUSIONS Results of this study show a decline in dental knowledge and oral health in pregnant women of the current generation, compared with those of the previous generation. Antenatal clinics should educate pregnant women more about the relationship between good oral and fetal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansour K Assery
- Dean for the Deanship for Post Graduate and Scientific Research, Riyadh Colleges of Dentistry and Pharmacy, Saudi Arabia
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24
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Oral health challenges in pregnant women: Recommendations for dental care professionals. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sjdr.2015.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Shahnazi H, Hosseintalaei M, Esteki Ghashghaei F, Charkazi A, Yahyavi Y, Sharifirad G. Effect of Educational Intervention on Perceived Susceptibility Self-Efficacy and DMFT of Pregnant Women. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2016; 18:e24960. [PMID: 27437124 PMCID: PMC4939237 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.24960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background The World Health Organization identifies oral health as a necessity for public health through the entirety of life. This issue has been considerably addressed due to susceptibility to tooth decay during pregnancy and maternal and fetal health. Objectives Investigate the effect of educational intervention on perceived susceptibility, self-efficacy, and DMFT of pregnant women. Patients and Methods A quasi-experimental survey (pretest, posttest, and control group) was implemented in 88 primiparous women in the first trimester of pregnancy who attended private clinics in Delfan city, Iran. It was conducted using random sampling and then assigned to intervention and control groups. Data were collected using a questionnaire that included demographic characteristics, a DMFT checklist, and some health belief model (HBM) constructs. After collecting baseline information, an educational intervention consisting of 4 training sessions for the intervention group was scheduled. In the sessions, lecture, focus-group discussion, video, and role-playing were used as the main educational strategies. Four months after the intervention, a post-test questionnaire and DMFT checklist were conducted. Data were analyzed using SPSS (ver20) software and Chi-square, independent t-test, and repeated measure ANOVA at the significant level of α < 0.05. Results According to the independent t-test, the mean score of knowledge, perceived susceptibility, self-efficacy, and DMFT was not different between the two groups before the education (P > 0.05), during the intervention, or after intervention. Repeated measure ANOVA explained that the aforementioned score was different in the three cases (pretest, 2 months after intervention, and 4 months after intervention) after intervention (P < 0.05). Paired t-test also showed that the DMFT mean increased 4 months after intervention in the control group (P < 0.001). It was not, however, augmented in the intervention group (P = 0.92). Conclusions Results showed that education on some of the HBM constructs resulted in increased knowledge of oral health, perceived susceptibility, and self-efficacy of pregnant women. It is also possible to prevent increased DMFT during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Shahnazi
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR Iran
| | - Mehri Hosseintalaei
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR Iran
- Corresponding Author: Mehri Hosseintalaei, Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR Iran. Tel: +98-9133360148, Fax: +98-3136688628, E-mail:
| | - Fatemeh Esteki Ghashghaei
- Neurosciences Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR Iran
| | - Abdurrahman Charkazi
- Department of Public Health, School of Health, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, IR Iran
| | - Yahya Yahyavi
- Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran
| | - Gholamreza Sharifirad
- Department of Public Health, School of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, IR Iran
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Krüger MSM, Lang CA, Almeida LHS, Bello-Corrêa FO, Romano AR, Pappen FG. Dental pain and associated factors among pregnant women: an observational study. Matern Child Health J 2016; 19:504-10. [PMID: 24894731 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-014-1531-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of dental pain during pregnancy and its association with sociodemographic factors and oral health conditions among 315 pregnant women in South Brazil. Participants were interviewed to obtain sociodemographic data, such as age, educational level, employment status, family income, and marital and parity status. Medical and dental histories were also collected, including the occurrence of dental pain and the use of dental services during pregnancy. Clinical examinations were performed to assess the presence of visible plaque and gingival bleeding and to calculate the decayed, missing, and filled teeth index. Means and standard deviations of continuous variables and frequencies and percentages of categorical variables were calculated. Independent variables were included in a multivariate logistic regression analysis. A total of 173 (54.9 %) pregnant women reported dental pain during pregnancy. After adjustment of the analysis, caries activity remained the main determinant of dental pain (odds ratio 3.33, 95 % CI 1.67-6.65). The prevalence of dental pain during pregnancy was high and the presence of caries activity was a determinant of dental pain. Moreover, access to oral health care was low, despite pregnant women's increased need for dental assistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta S M Krüger
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas-UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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Corchuelo-Ojeda J, Pérez GJG. [Socioeconomic determinants of dental care during pregnancy in Cali, Colombia]. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2015; 30:2209-18. [PMID: 25388323 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00152413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of dental care for pregnant women in Cali, Colombia, and to identify socioeconomic and health services factors associated with access to dental care during pregnancy. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of 993 postpartum women who had given birth in public and private clinics in 2012. Multivariate analysis showed that dental care was associated with: economic resources (86.6% sufficient resources versus 72.5% insufficient resources; OR = 1.8; 95%CI: 1.1-2.8), schooling (88% complete versus 74% incomplete secondary school, OR = 1.7; 95%CI: 1.1-2.7), and receiving information on oral health and dental care during prenatal care (86.4%: yes versus 42.9%: no, OR = 5.7; 95%CI: 3.1-10.0). Access to dental care was less frequent among pregnant women with low socioeconomic status as compared to those with better living conditions.
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Amin M, ElSalhy M. Factors Affecting Utilization of Dental Services During Pregnancy. J Periodontol 2014; 85:1712-21. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2014.140235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Azofeifa A, Yeung LF, Alverson CJ, Beltrán-Aguilar E. Oral health conditions and dental visits among pregnant and nonpregnant women of childbearing age in the United States, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2004. Prev Chronic Dis 2014; 11:E163. [PMID: 25232750 PMCID: PMC4170723 DOI: 10.5888/pcd11.140212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oral diseases can be prevented or improved with regular dental visits. Our objective was to assess and compare national estimates on self-reported oral health conditions and dental visits among pregnant women and nonpregnant women of childbearing age by using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). METHODS We analyzed self-reported oral health information on 897 pregnant women and 3,971 nonpregnant women of childbearing age (15-44 years) from NHANES 1999-2004. We used χ(2) and 2-sample t tests to assess statistical differences between groups stratified by age, race/ethnicity, poverty, and education. We applied the Bonferroni adjustment for multiple comparisons. RESULTS Our data show significant differences in self-reported oral health conditions and dental visits among women, regardless of pregnancy status, when stratified by selected sociodemographic characteristics. Significant differences were also found in self-reported oral health conditions and dental visits between pregnant and nonpregnant women, especially among young women, women from minority race/ethnicity groups, and women with less than high school education. CONCLUSION We found disparities in self-reported oral health conditions and use of dental services among women regardless of pregnancy status. Results highlight the need to improve dental service use among US women of childbearing age, especially young pregnant women, those who are non-Hispanic black or Mexican American, and those with low family income or low education level. Prenatal visits could be used as an opportunity to encourage pregnant women to seek preventive dental care during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Azofeifa
- Division of Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Mailstop E-86 Atlanta, GA 30333. E-mail:
| | | | - C J Alverson
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
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Sun W, Guo J, Li X, Zhao Y, Chen H, Wu G. The routine utilization of dental care during pregnancy in eastern China and the key underlying factors: a Hangzhou City study. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98780. [PMID: 24901520 PMCID: PMC4046992 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Oral diseases are associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. The routine utilization of dental care (RUDC) during pregnancy is an effective way to improve pregnant women's oral health, and thus safeguard the health of their babies. As China has one fifth of the world's population, it is especially meaningful to encourage RUDC there. However, the status of RUDC in China and the key underlying factors are largely unknown. METHODS This cross-sectional survey investigated the current status of RUDC during pregnancy and the key underlying factors in Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, eastern China. We collected participants' demographics, individual oral-hygiene behaviors, individual lifestyle, oral-health conditions and attitudes, and also their RUDC during pregnancy. Binary Logistic Regression Analysis was used to analyze the key underlying factors. RESULTS Only 16.70% of the participants reported RUDC during pregnancy. The percentage of RUDC was significantly lower among pregnant women with the following characteristics: aged 30 or less, an annual household income under $8,000, brushing once a day or less, never flossing or rinsing the mouth, paying no attention to pregnancy-related oral-health knowledge, and being dissatisfied with one's individual dental hygiene behavior. CONCLUSIONS RUDC during pregnancy is very low in eastern China and is greatly influenced not only by a woman's age, annual income, individual hygiene behavior, but also by her attention and attitudes to oral health. To improve this population's access to and use of dental care during pregnancy, appropriate programs and policies are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Sun
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Jing Guo
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Research Institute MOVE, VU University and University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Xiuyang Li
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yongqi Zhao
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (HC); (GW)
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Oral Implantology and Prosthetic Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Research Institute MOVE, VU University and University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- * E-mail: (HC); (GW)
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Chung LH, Gregorich SE, Armitage GC, Gonzalez-Vargas J, Adams SH. Sociodemographic disparities and behavioral factors in clinical oral health status during pregnancy. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2014; 42:151-9. [PMID: 24117710 PMCID: PMC3960354 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Revised: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although oral health (OH) problems are common during pregnancy, little is known about individual characteristics or behaviors relating to clinically assessed OH during pregnancy. This cross-sectional study describes the clinical OH status of a sample of pregnant women, examines relationships between sociodemographic factors and OH, behavioral factors and OH, and the influence of behavior on the relationships between sociodemographic clusters and OH. Baseline data were utilized from a pilot intervention study promoting OH during pregnancy. METHODS Participants (n = 99), recruited from CenteringPregnancy(®) prenatal care groups completed questionnaires addressing race/ethnicity, income, education, dental insurance, oral hygiene practices, and dental care utilization; and clinical examinations for periodontal probing depths (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), plaque assessment, and visual detection of untreated decay. Chi-squares and one-way anovas with Tukey's studentized range test of planned comparisons were conducted to examine bivariable relationships between both sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics to OH status. Multivariable logistic regression analyses tested whether the effects of sociodemographic variables on OH status might be mediated by behaviors, including self-reported oral hygiene and recent dental visits. RESULTS Forty-five percent of the sample had untreated decay and the mean percentage of sites with BOP = 18%. Bivariable analyses of sociodemographic factors indicated that compared with Whites, Hispanic women had greater % of sites with: BOP, PD ≥5 mm plus BOP, and Plaque Index (PI) scores of ≥2, all P = 0.05; and greater untreated decay (Chi-square 13.3, P < 0.001). Lower income was related to greater untreated decay (Chi-square 7.6, P < 0.01). Compared with the highest education level, the lowest level group had higher % BOP, P < 0.05. Public dental insurance (versus private) was associated with greater % BOP, PD ≥5 mm plus BOP, both P < 0.05, and greater untreated decay (Chi-square 16.9, P < 0.001). Regarding behaviors, lacking a past 6-month dental visit was related to greater: BOP, PD ≥5 mm plus BOP, and PI ≥2 (F range 6.2-8.7, P < 0.01-0.05); and greater untreated decay (Chi-square 12.0, P < 0.001). Self-reported optimal oral hygiene was related to lower % BOP and PD ≥5 mm plus BOP (F range 4.5-6.7, both P < 0.05). Mediation analyses indicated that there were significant indirect effects of racial/ethnic differences on OH outcomes via having a recent dental visit (OR range 1.2-1.9). However, significant differences between the Hispanic and White groups remained. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights sociodemographic disparities in clinical OH during pregnancy, the importance of dental care, and provides useful findings for tailoring interventions for expectant mothers and their infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa H. Chung
- Division of Oral Epidemiology and Dental Public Health, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Steven E. Gregorich
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Gary C. Armitage
- Division of Periodontology, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Judy Gonzalez-Vargas
- Division of Oral Epidemiology and Dental Public Health, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Sally H. Adams
- Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, University of California, San Francisco
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Singhal A, Chattopadhyay A, Garcia AI, Adams AB, Cheng D. Disparities in Unmet Dental Need and Dental Care Received by Pregnant Women in Maryland. Matern Child Health J 2013; 18:1658-66. [DOI: 10.1007/s10995-013-1406-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Ueno M, Ohara S, Inoue M, Tsugane S, Kawaguchi Y. Association between parity and dentition status among Japanese women: Japan public health center-based oral health study. BMC Public Health 2013; 13:993. [PMID: 24144183 PMCID: PMC4015217 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have shown that parity is associated with oral health problems such as tooth loss and dental caries. In Japan, however, no studies have examined the association. The purpose of this study was to determine whether parity is related to dentition status, including the number of teeth present, dental caries and filled teeth, and the posterior occlusion, in a Japanese population by comparing women with men. METHODS A total of 1,211 subjects, who participated both in the Japan Public Health Center-Based (JPHC) Study Cohort I in 1990 and the dental survey in 2005, were used for the study. Information on parity or number of children was collected from a self-completed questionnaire administered in 1990 for the JPHC Study Cohort I, and health behaviors and clinical dentition status were obtained from the dental survey in 2005. The association between parity or number of children and dentition status was analyzed, by both unadjusted-for and adjusted-for socio-demographic and health behavioral factors, using a generalized linear regression model. RESULTS Parity is significantly related to the number of teeth present and n-FTUs (Functional Tooth Units of natural teeth), regardless of socio-demographic and health behavioral factors, in female subjects. The values of these variables had a significantly decreasing trend with the rise of parity: numbers of teeth present (p for trend = 0.046) and n-FTUs (p for trend = 0.026). No relationships between the number of children and dentition status were found in male subjects. CONCLUSION Higher-parity women are more likely to lose teeth, especially posterior occluding relations. These results suggest that measures to narrow the discrepancy by parity should be taken for promoting women's oral health. Delivery of appropriate information and messages to pregnant women as well as enlightenment of oral health professionals about dental management of pregnant women may be an effective strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Ueno
- Department of Oral Health Promotion, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoko Ohara
- Department of Comprehensive Oral Health Care, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Manami Inoue
- AXA Department of Health and Human Security, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Epidemiology and Prevention Division, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Epidemiology and Prevention Division, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Kawaguchi
- Department of Oral Health Promotion, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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Milgrom P, Riedy CA, Weinstein P, Mancl LA, Garson G, Huebner CE, Smolen D, Sutherland M. Design of a community-based intergenerational oral health study: "Baby Smiles". BMC Oral Health 2013; 13:38. [PMID: 23914908 PMCID: PMC3751087 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6831-13-38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rural, low-income pregnant women and their children are at high risk for poor oral health and have low utilization rates of dental care. The Baby Smiles study was designed to increase low-income pregnant women's utilization of dental care, increase young children's dental care utilization, and improve home oral health care practices. METHODS/DESIGN Baby Smiles was a five-year, four-site randomized intervention trial with a 2 × 2 factorial design. Four hundred participants were randomly assigned to one of four treatment arms in which they received either brief Motivational Interviewing (MI) or health education (HE) delivered during pregnancy and after the baby was born. In the prenatal study phase, the interventions were designed to encourage dental utilization during pregnancy. After childbirth, the focus was to utilize dental care for the infant by age one. The two primary outcome measures were dental utilization during pregnancy or up to two months postpartum for the mother, and preventive dental utilization by 18 months of age for the child. Medicaid claims data will be used to assess the primary outcomes. Questionnaires were administered at enrollment and 3, 9 and 18 months postpartum (study end) to assess mediating and moderating factors. DISCUSSION This trial can help define the most effective way to provide one-on-one counseling to pregnant women and new mothers regarding visits to the dentist during pregnancy and after the child is born. It supports previous work demonstrating the potential of reducing mother-to-child transmission of Streptococcus mutans and the initiation of dental caries prevention in early childhood. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT01120041.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Milgrom
- Northwest Center to Reduce Oral Health Disparities, Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, Box 357475, 98195-7475 Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Christine A Riedy
- Northwest Center to Reduce Oral Health Disparities, Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, Box 357475, 98195-7475 Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Philip Weinstein
- Northwest Center to Reduce Oral Health Disparities, Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, Box 357475, 98195-7475 Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lloyd A Mancl
- Northwest Center to Reduce Oral Health Disparities, Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, Box 357475, 98195-7475 Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Gayle Garson
- Northwest Center to Reduce Oral Health Disparities, Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, Box 357475, 98195-7475 Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Colleen E Huebner
- Northwest Center to Reduce Oral Health Disparities, Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Box 357230, 98195-7230 Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Darlene Smolen
- Northwest Center to Reduce Oral Health Disparities, Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, Box 357475, 98195-7475 Seattle, WA, USA
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Weintraub JA, Finlayson TL, Gansky SA, Santo W, Ramos-Gomez F. Clinically determined and self-reported dental status during and after pregnancy among low-income Hispanic women. J Public Health Dent 2013; 73:311-20. [PMID: 23889689 DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This analysis assessed, during and 1 year after pregnancy: a) the prevalence of and relationship between self-reported and clinically determined dental caries and oral health status, and whether self-reports are a potential proxy for professional determination; and b) factors associated with high levels of professionally determined or self-reported oral disease. METHODS Data are from a randomized clinical trial of 301 pregnant, low-income Hispanic women at the California-Mexico border to compare two interventions to prevent early childhood caries. Interviews and dental examinations were conducted at enrollment (second trimester) and 1-year postpartum (PP). RESULTS During pregnancy and PP, 93 percent had untreated caries and most had gingival inflammation. Sensitivity and specificity of self-reported measures compared to dentists' determinations were modest (ranging from 45-80 percent for sensitivity and 41-77 percent for specificity at both time points); positive predictive values for women reporting current tooth decay or fair/poor oral health were high (>94 percent), but negative predictive values were low (<23 percent). In a bivariate GEE model, factors associated with fair/poor self-reported oral health during and after pregnancy included self-reported dental symptoms (current tooth decay, bleeding gums without brushing), dental behaviors (not flossing) and number of decayed tooth surfaces. In a logistic regression model, the only significant factor PP associated with less extensive untreated disease was if women ever had their teeth cleaned professionally (OR = 0.44). CONCLUSIONS There is a great need for dental treatment in this underserved population both during pregnancy and PP. Women may not be able to accurately recognize or act on their treatment needs. At baseline and PP, few demographic or behavioral factors were associated with either self-reported or clinically determined oral disease (e.g., being less educated or acculturated and not flossing) in the bivariate analyses. Ever having a professional teeth cleaning significantly predicted less disease PP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane A Weintraub
- Center to Address Disparities in Children's Oral Health, University of California, San Francisco School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, USA; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Dentistry, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Thompson TA, Cheng D, Strobino D. Dental cleaning before and during pregnancy among Maryland mothers. Matern Child Health J 2013; 17:110-8. [PMID: 22311579 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-012-0954-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Despite increasing recognition of the importance of oral health to overall health, dental care utilization remains low in the US. Given the established link between maternal oral health and child oral health, this study examined factors related to preventive dental care utilization at two critical time points, before and during pregnancy. Data were obtained from a sample of 6,171 women who delivered a live birth during 2004-2008 and completed the Maryland Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System postpartum survey. Multinomial logistic analyses examined associations between predisposing and enabling factors with dental cleaning before and during pregnancy. Women with less than a high school education or a history of physical abuse and non-Hispanic black and Hispanic women were less likely to report teeth cleaning before and during pregnancy. Having no insurance at the start of pregnancy was associated with significantly lower risk of teeth cleaning before pregnancy and both before and during pregnancy. Receipt of oral health counseling during pregnancy was positively related to teeth cleaning during pregnancy. Dental cleaning is associated with insurance, oral health counseling and maternal factors such as race, ethnicity, education and history of physical abuse. Better integration of oral health into prenatal health care, particularly among ethnic and racial minority groups, may be beneficial to maternal and infant well-being. Oral health promotion, disease prevention and health care should be a part of the local, state and national health policy agendas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terri-Ann Thompson
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Oral health during pregnancy: what the practicing PA needs to know. JAAPA 2013; 25:54-7. [PMID: 23600005 DOI: 10.1097/01720610-201212000-00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Boggess KA, Berggren EK, Koskenoja V, Urlaub D, Lorenz C. Severe preeclampsia and maternal self-report of oral health, hygiene, and dental care. J Periodontol 2012; 84:143-51. [PMID: 22509752 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2012.120079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal periodontal disease diagnosed by a detailed oral health examination is associated with preeclampsia. Our objective was to measure the association between maternal self-report of oral symptoms/problems, oral hygiene practices, and/or dental service use before or during pregnancy and severe preeclampsia. METHODS A written questionnaire was administered to pregnant females at the time of prenatal ultrasound and outcomes were ascertained by chart abstraction. The χ(2) test compared maternal oral symptoms/problems, hygiene practices, and dental service use between females with severe preeclampsia versus normotensive females. Multivariable logistic regression was used to calculate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for severe preeclampsia. RESULTS A total of 48 (10%) of 470 females reported ≥2 oral symptoms/problems in the 6 months before pregnancy and 77 (16%) since pregnancy. Fifty-one (11%) reported previous periodontal treatment. Twenty-eight (6%) of 470 developed severe preeclampsia. Females with a history of periodontal treatment were more likely to develop severe preeclampsia (aOR = 3.71; 95% CI = 1.40 to 9.83) than females without a history of periodontal treatment. Self-reported oral health symptoms/problems, oral hygiene practices, or dental service use before or during pregnancy were not associated with severe preeclampsia when considered in the context of other maternal risk factors. CONCLUSION Maternal self-report of previous periodontal treatment before pregnancy is associated with severe preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim A Boggess
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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Ozen B, Ozer L, Başak F, Altun C, Açıkel C. Turkish women's self-reported knowledge and behavior towards oral health during pregnancy. Med Princ Pract 2012; 21:318-22. [PMID: 22134112 DOI: 10.1159/000334635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2011] [Accepted: 10/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to evaluate oral health care knowledge and behavior of women during pregnancy. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The study population consisted of 351 mothers with children under 3 months of age who presented at Gülhane Medical Academy's Department of Pediatrics for a routine child check-up. Mothers were asked to complete a questionnaire about their knowledge and behavior regarding dental care during pregnancy. RESULTS All the women who participated in the study had dental insurance, and most of them had high levels of education. Of the 351 mothers, 263 (75%) had heard about possible connections between oral health and pregnancy outcome, and 165 (47%) believed tooth and periodontal problems could affect pregnancy outcome. However, 256 (73%) women still believed that calcium would be drawn out of their teeth by the developing baby, and 151 (43%) believed in the erroneous statement 'A tooth for a baby'. 241 (68.7%) women had experienced oral health problems during pregnancy; however, only 48 (13.7%) visited a dentist during their pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS Turkish women, despite having knowledge that adverse pregnancy events may be related to dental and periodontal problems, did not seek oral health care during pregnancy. This suggests the need to better educate medical providers to inform pregnant women to obtain oral health care during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buğra Ozen
- Pediatric Dentistry Clinics, Tepebaşı Oral Health Hospital, Ministry of Health of Turkey, Ankara, Turkey.
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George A, Johnson M, Duff M, Ajwani S, Bhole S, Blinkhorn A, Ellis S. Midwives and oral health care during pregnancy: perceptions of pregnant women in south-western Sydney, Australia. J Clin Nurs 2011; 21:1087-96. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2011.03870.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Hunter LP, Yount SM. Oral health and oral health care practices among low-income pregnant women. J Midwifery Womens Health 2011; 56:103-9. [PMID: 21429073 DOI: 10.1111/j.1542-2011.2011.00041.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Access to dental care is a problem in California as in many parts of the United States. Many women, including half of those having dental problems, do not see a dentist during pregnancy. The objective of this study was to describe the oral health status and oral health practices of low-income pregnant women in San Diego, California, and to determine the needs for oral health care education in this population. METHODS This descriptive, retrospective, correlational study examined oral health and oral health care practices by age, ethnicity, and gravidity by using medical records from a convenience sample of 380 low-income pregnant women. RESULTS Most participants were primigravida, aged between 19 and 29 years, of Hispanic ethnicity, and insured by the state (Medi-Cal). All women received education on oral health. The majority (84%) were encouraged to get a dental examination. It had been more than 1 year since the last dental visit for most women (55%). Hispanic women were in need of dental care more than Filipina women or women of other ethnicities. A broken tooth was the primary reason for immediate dental referrals. Regularity of flossing and brushing teeth differed significantly (P= .015, P < .001) across ethnic groups, with Filipina women reporting better oral care practices. DISCUSSION The results provide information for the future planning of effective dental health promotion programs. Findings suggest that low-income pregnant women have some healthy oral health care practices but are in need of dental services and oral health education. An oral health history, oral health education, dental screening, and dental referral, if needed, should be a routine part of prenatal care and annual examinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren P Hunter
- San Diego State University, School of Nursing, San Diego, CA, USA.
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George A, Johnson M, Duff M, Blinkhorn A, Ajwani S, Bhole S, Ellis S. Maintaining oral health during pregnancy: Perceptions of midwives in Southwest Sydney. Collegian 2011; 18:71-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colegn.2010.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Self-reported oral health and hygiene habits, dental decay, and periodontal condition among pregnant European women. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2011; 114:18-22. [PMID: 21529807 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2011.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2010] [Revised: 02/25/2011] [Accepted: 03/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship among self-reported oral hygiene habits, dental decay, and periodontal condition among pregnant women. METHOD In a cross-sectional study, a structured questionnaire and dental examination were used to assess pregnant women's knowledge of oral health and attitudes to oral hygiene, in addition to their dental and periodontal condition. Data were collected from 337 pregnant women living in Murcia in southeast Spain. RESULTS The questionnaire was completed by 337 women, 282 of whom also had an oral examination. More than 57% were in their first pregnancy, their mean age was 30 years, and most (80.1%) were Spanish with a medium-high educational level. Most of the pregnant woman (84%) brushed their teeth 2 or 3 times a day, and a third (30.9%) used a mouthwash daily. The pregnant women who self-reported having good or very good dental health had a lower level of active decay (P < 0.001) and a lower periodontal index (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION In the present study, there was a significant correlation between a high level of self-reported oral health in pregnant women and low levels of dental decay and low periodontal indexes.
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Marchi KS, Fisher-Owens SA, Weintraub JA, Yu Z, Braveman PA. Most pregnant women in California do not receive dental care: findings from a population-based study. Public Health Rep 2010; 125:831-42. [PMID: 21121228 PMCID: PMC2966664 DOI: 10.1177/003335491012500610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We examined the prevalence of dental care during pregnancy and reasons for lack of care. METHODS Using a population-based survey of 21,732 postpartum women in California during 2002-2007, we calculated prevalence of dental problems, receipt of care, and reasons for non-receipt of care. We used logistic regression to estimate odds of non-receipt of care by maternal characteristics. RESULTS Overall, 65% of women had no dental visit during pregnancy; 52% reported a dental problem prenatally, with 62% of those women not receiving care. After adjustment, factors associated with non-receipt of care included non-European American race/ethnicity, lack of a college degree, lack of private prenatal insurance, no first-trimester prenatal insurance coverage, lower income, language other than English spoken at home, and no usual source of pre-pregnancy medical care. The primary reason stated for non-receipt of dental care was lack of perceived need, followed by financial barriers. CONCLUSIONS Most pregnant women in this study received insufficient dental care. Odds were elevated not only among the poorest, least educated mothers, but also among those with moderate incomes or some college education. The need for dental care during pregnancy must be promoted widely among both the public and providers, and financial barriers to dental care should be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen S Marchi
- Center on Social Disparities in Health, Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, 3333 California St., Ste. 365, Box 0943, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA.
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Lee RSY, Milgrom P, Huebner CE, Conrad DA. Dentists' perceptions of barriers to providing dental care to pregnant women. Womens Health Issues 2010; 20:359-65. [PMID: 20800772 PMCID: PMC2932670 DOI: 10.1016/j.whi.2010.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2010] [Revised: 03/17/2010] [Accepted: 05/28/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of the study was to understand US dentists' attitudes, knowledge, and practices regarding dental care for pregnant women and to determine the impact of recent papers on oral health and pregnancy and guidelines disseminated widely. METHODS In 2006 and 2007, the investigators conducted a mailed survey of all 1,604 general dentists in Oregon; 55.2% responded). Structural equation modeling was used to estimate associations between dentists' attitudes toward providing care to pregnant women, dentists' knowledge about the safety of dental procedures, and dentists' current practice patterns. RESULTS Dentist's perceived barriers have the strongest direct effect on current practice and might be the most important factor deterring dentists from providing care to pregnant patients. Five attitudes (perceived barriers) were associated with providing less dental services: time, economic, skills, dental staff resistance, and peer pressure. The final model shows a good fit with a chi-square of 38.286 (p = .12; n = 772; df = 52) and a Bentler-Bonett normed fit index of .98 and a comparative fit index of .993. The root mean square error of approximation is .02. CONCLUSION Findings suggest that attitudes are significant determinants of accurate knowledge and current practice. Multidimensional approaches are needed to increase access to dental care and protect the oral health of women during pregnancy. Despite current clinical recommendations to deliver all necessary care to pregnant patients during the first, second, and third trimesters, dentists' knowledge of the appropriateness of procedures continues to lag the state of the art in dental science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Shuk-Yin Lee
- Department of Sociology and Demography, University of Washington, Box 353340, Seattle, WA 98195-7230, tel 206 715 3118
| | - Peter Milgrom
- Professor of Dental Public Health Sciences, Director, Northwest Center to Reduce Oral Health Disparities, University of Washington, Box 357475, Seattle, WA 98195-7475, tel 206 685 4183, fax 206 685 4258
| | - Colleen E. Huebner
- Associate Professor of Health Services, Director, Graduate Program in Maternal and Child Health, University of Washington, Box 357230, Seattle, WA 98195-7230, tel 206 685 9852; fax 206 616-8370
| | - Douglas A. Conrad
- Professor of Health Services and Dental Public Health Sciences, Director, Center for Health Management Research, University of Washington, Box 357660, Seattle, WA 98195-7660, tel 206 616 2923; fax 206 543 3964
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Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Maternal Oral Health Experiences in 10 States, Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, 2004–2006. Matern Child Health J 2010; 15:722-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s10995-010-0643-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Abstract
While parity (number of children) reportedly is related to tooth loss, the relationship between parity and dental caries has not been extensively investigated. We used path analysis to test a theoretical model that specified that parity influences dental caries levels through dental care, psycho- social factors, and dental health damaging behaviors in 2635 women selected from the NHANES III dataset. We found that while increased parity was not associated with a greater level of total caries (DFS), parity was related to untreated dental caries (DS). The mechanisms by which parity is related to caries, however, remain undefined. Further investigation is warranted to determine if disparities in dental caries among women are due to differences in parity and the likely changes that parallel these reproductive choices.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Russell
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Promotion, NYU College of Dentistry, 250 Park Avenue South, Room 635, New York, NY 10003, USA.
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Keirse MJNC, Plutzer K. Women's attitudes to and perceptions of oral health and dental care during pregnancy. J Perinat Med 2010; 38:3-8. [PMID: 20047523 DOI: 10.1515/jpm.2010.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To assess pregnant women's opinions on and perceptions of oral health and their relationship to oral hygiene and dental care practices. METHODS Questionnaire survey on perceived oral health, oral hygiene and utilization of dental services among 649 nulliparae attending for antenatal care at all public antenatal clinics in Adelaide, South Australia. RESULTS Women rated their general health significantly better than their oral health (P<0.001) and attributed more importance to healthy teeth for their baby than for themselves (P<0.001). Only 35% had dental care during pregnancy; 35% had no dental visit for at least two years and 27% reported cost as a major deterrent. Eighteen percent had experienced gingival bleeding before pregnancy and 41% during pregnancy. Gingival bleeding outside pregnancy was clearly related to perceived oral health (P<0.001), but this was less so for bleeding during pregnancy. The latter was not related to age, level of education, employment, marital status, or smoking habits. Only 38% of women with gingival bleeding in pregnancy had a dental care visit in pregnancy and 28% considered their oral health as very good. CONCLUSIONS Many pregnant women do not perceive gingival bleeding as indicating inflammatory disease and seek no professional help for it. Maternity care providers need to devote more attention to oral health in antenatal clinics and antenatal education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc J N C Keirse
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia
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Saddki N, Yusoff A, Hwang YL. Factors associated with dental visit and barriers to utilisation of oral health care services in a sample of antenatal mothers in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia. BMC Public Health 2010. [PMID: 20163741 DOI: 10.1186/1 471-2458-10-75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aims of this study were to determine factors associated with dental visit and to describe barriers to utilisation of oral health care services among antenatal mothers attending the Obstetric and Gynaecology Specialist clinic in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia. METHODS A structured, self-administered questionnaire was used obtain information on the variables of interest pertaining to the current pregnancy from 124 antenatal mothers. RESULTS The majority of the mothers claimed that their oral health status was good (67.0%) or very good (2.4%). On the contrary, most of them admitted of having had at least one oral health problem (59.7%) including cavitated (43.5%) and painful teeth (15.3%), bleeding gum (21.0%), and bad breath (10.5%). However, only 29% of the mothers visited dentist during the current pregnancy. Factors associated with the mothers' dental visit were exposure to oral health education before the pregnancy and awareness of relationship between poor maternal oral health and adverse pregnancy outcomes with odds ratio of 4.06 (95% CI: 1.67-9.78) and 3.57 (95% CI: 1.30-9.77) respectively. Common excuses given by most mothers include perceptions of not having any oral health problems (65.9%), long waiting time at the clinic (71.6%), and no immediate treatment given by the dentist (64.8%). CONCLUSIONS Utilisation of oral health care services among antenatal mothers was low. Mothers who reported dental visit were more likely to be those who had received oral health education before the current pregnancy and knew of the association between poor maternal oral health and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Dissatisfaction with the services rendered and perceptions of not having any oral health problems were the main barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norkhafizah Saddki
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
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