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Chu LW, Chen JY, Chen YW, Hsieh S, Kung ML. Phytoconstituent-derived zingerone nanoparticles disrupt the cell adhesion mechanism and suppress cell motility in melanoma B16F10 cells. J Biotechnol 2024; 392:48-58. [PMID: 38906221 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2024.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Combining phytochemicals and nanotechnology to improve the unfavorable innate properties of phytochemicals and develop them into potent nanomedicines to enhance antitumor efficacy has become a novel strategy for cancer chemoprevention. Melanoma is the most aggressive, metastatic, and deadly disease of the primary cutaneous neoplasms. In this study, we fabricated phytoconstituent-derived zingerone nanoparticles (NPs) and validated their effects on cell adhesion and motility in melanoma B16F10 cells. Our data indicated that zingerone NPs significantly induced cytotoxicity and anti-colony formation and inhibited cell migration and invasion. Moreover, zingerone NPs dramatically interfered with the cytoskeletal reorganization and markedly delayed the period of cell adhesion. Our results also revealed that zingerone NPs-mediated downregulation of MMPs (matrix metalloproteinases) activity is associated with inhibiting cell adhesion and motility. We further evaluated the effects of zingerone NPs on Src/FAK /Paxillin signaling, our data showed that zingerone NPs significantly inhibited the protein activities of Src, FAK, and Paxillin, indicating that they play important roles in zingerone NP-mediated anti-motility and anti-invasion in melanoma cells. Accordingly, the phytoconstituent-zingerone NPs can strengthen the inhibition of tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis in malignant melanoma. Altogether, these multi-pharmacological benefits of zingerone NPs will effectively achieve the purpose of melanoma prevention and invasion inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Wen Chu
- Department of Nursing, and Department of Cosmetic Application and Management, Yuh-Ing Junior College of Health Care and Management, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jun-Yih Chen
- Division of Neurosurgery, Fooyin University Hospital, Pingtung, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Wen Chen
- Departments of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shuchen Hsieh
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Lang Kung
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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2
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Kaur H, Singh A, Kaur K, Kumar A, Attri S, Rashid F, Singh S, Bedi N, Tuli HS, Haque S, Alkuwaity K, Tashkandi HM, Harakeh S, Arora S. 4-methylthiobutyl isothiocyanate synergize the antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic effects of paclitaxel in human breast cancer cells. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2023:1-25. [PMID: 36683273 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2022.2162232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is considered as a major obstacle in achieving an effective treatment of breast cancer. Paclitaxel has been used to treat cancers of the cervical, breast, ovarian and brain but MDR limits its therapeutic potential. Phytochemicals have received much interest in recent decades especially in combination approaches to tackle MDR due to their negligible harm to healthy cells and synergistic potential. Considering this notion, the present study aimed at investigating the synergistic activity of 4-MTBITC and PTX against a panel of breast cancer cells. Our results revealed that the combination had a significant antiproliferative activity against T-47D cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that 4-MTBITC and PTX also promoted the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reduced mitochondrial membrane potential. In the presence of 4-MTBITC- PTX, T-47D cells were found to be arrested in the G2/M phase which also confirmed the enhancement of late apoptotic cell population in the flow cytometer analysis. In western blot experiment, the combination had a significant decrease in Bcl-xl protein level, whereas a higher level of p53, cleaved caspase-3, and cleaved caspase-9 proteins compared to individual treatment in T-47D cells. The RT-qPCR analysis also showed that the combination had significant upregulation in the gene expression of p53, cytochrome-c, Apaf-1 and downregulation in the expression of Bcl-2 gene in T-47D cells. Hence, all the results showed that a combination of 4-MTBITC-PTX significantly enhanced the apoptosis pathway in the T-47D cell line which indicates its clinical application for the treatment of breast cancer.Abbreviations: Apaf-1: Apoptotic protease activating factor 1; AO/EB: Acridine orange/ethidium bromide; Bcl-2: B-cell lymphoma 2; CI: Combination Index; Cyt-c: Cytochrome c; CO2: Carbon dioxide; DCFH-DA 2,7-Dichloroflourescein diacetate; DMEM: Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium; ELISA: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; EA: Early apoptosis; EDTA: Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; L929: Normal mouse fibroblast cells; LA: Late apoptosis; L: Live; 4-MTBITC: 4-methylthiobutyl isothiocyanate; MCF-7: Human breast cancer cells; MDA-MB-231: Human triple negative breast cancer cells; MMP: Mitochondria membrane potential; MTT: 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenylte-trazolium bromide; NCCS: National Centre for Cell Science; N: Necrotic; PTX Paclitaxel; PVDF: Polyvinylidene fluoride; PAGE: Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; PBS: Phosphate-buffered saline; RPMI-1640: Roswell Park Memorial Institute Medium- 1640; RT-qPCR: Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction; ROS: Reactive oxygen species; Rh-123: Rhodamine123; g Relative centrifugal force; SDS: Sodium dodecyl sulphate; SEM: Scanning electron microscopy; T-47D: Human estrogen positive breast cancer cells; WB: Western blotting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harneetpal Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Atamjit Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Shivani Attri
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Farhana Rashid
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Sharabjit Singh
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Neena Bedi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Khalil Alkuwaity
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanaa M Tashkandi
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Steve Harakeh
- King Fahd Medical Research Center and Yousef Abdullatif Jameel Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saroj Arora
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
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3
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Attri S, Kaur P, Singh D, Kaur H, Rashid F, Kumar A, Singh B, Bedi N, Arora S. Induction of apoptosis in A431 cells via ROS generation and p53-mediated pathway by chloroform fraction of Argemone mexicana (Pepaveraceae). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:17189-17208. [PMID: 34664164 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16696-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Argemone mexicana(Pepaveraceae) is an important medicinal plant commonly known as 'maxican prickly poppy' and is traditionally used to treat skin diseases. In the present study, the extract/fractions of aerial parts of A. mexicana after carrying out the organoleptic characteristics were sequentially extracted with the solvents of increasing polarities. Total fractions were examined for their radical scavenging activities in DPPH and DNA nicking assays. Among all, maximum antioxidant activity was shown by chloroform fraction (AmC) in DPPH assay with IC50 of 26.12 μg/ml, and DNA nicking assay showed 80.91% protective potential. The AmC fraction was analyzed for its antibacterial, cytotoxic potential, cell cycle analysis, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) using A431 cell line. The AmC fraction exhibited remarkable antibacterial activity against bacterial strains in the order Klebsiella pneumoniae> Bacillussubtilis> Salmonella typhi> Staphylococcus epidermidis. The cytotoxic potential of the AmC fraction was analyzed in skin epidermoid carcinoma (A431) cells, osteosarcoma (MG-63) and cervical (HeLa) cell lines with a GI50 value of 47.04 μg/ml, 91.46 μg/ml and 102.90 μg/ml, respectively. The AmC fraction was extended further to explore its role in cell death using A431 cell line. Phase contrast and scanning electron microscopic studies on A431 cells exhibited all the characteristics indicative of apoptosis, viz., viability loss, cell shrinkage, cell rounding-off, DNA fragmentation and formation of apoptotic bodies. Flow cytometric analysis revealed enhanced ROS level, decreased MMP and arrest cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase further strengthened cell death by apoptosis. Increased expressions of apoptotic markers (p53, PUMA, cyt c, Fas and Apaf-1) were confirmed by RT-qPCR analysis. Furthermore, the AmC fraction was subjected to ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography, which revealed the presence of different polyphenols in the order: caffeic acid> epicatechin> kaempferol> chlorogenic acid> gallic acid> catechin> ellagic acid >umbeliferone> quercetin> coumaric acid. A critical analysis of results revealed that the AmC fraction induced cell death in epidermoid carcinoma cells via ROS and p53-mediated apoptotic pathway which may be ascribed to the presence of polyphenols in it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Attri
- Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Prabhjot Kaur
- Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Davinder Singh
- Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Harneetpal Kaur
- Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Farhana Rashid
- Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Avinash Kumar
- Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Balbir Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, 143005, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Neena Bedi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, 143005, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Saroj Arora
- Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
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Lin ZY, Yun QZ, Wu L, Zhang TW, Yao TZ. Pharmacological basis and new insights of deguelin concerning its anticancer effects. Pharmacol Res 2021; 174:105935. [PMID: 34644595 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Deguelin is a rotenoid of the flavonoid family, which can be extracted from Lonchocarpus, Derris, or Tephrosia. It possesses the inhibition of cancer cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis through regulating the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signaling pathway, the NF-κB signaling pathway, the Wnt signaling pathway, the adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling, activating the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, repression of Bmi1, targeting cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), targeting galectin-1, promotion of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β)/FBW7-mediated Mcl-1 destabilization and targeting mitochondria via down-regulating Hexokinases II-mediated glycolysis, PUMA-mediation, which are some crucial molecules which modulate closely cancer cell growth and metastasis. Deguelin inhibits tumor cell propagation and malignant transformation through targeting angiogenesis, targeting lymphangiogenesis, targeting focal adhesion kinase (FAK), inhibiting the CtsZ/FAK signaling pathway, targeting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), the NF-κB signaling pathway, regulating NIMA-related kinase 2 (NEK2). In addition, deguelin possesses other biological activities, such as targeting cell cycle arrest, modulation of autophagy, inhibition of hedgehog pathway, inducing differentiation of mutated NPM1 acute myeloid leukemia etc. Therefore, deguelin is a promising chemopreventive agent for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Yue Lin
- Pharmacology Department, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Qu Zhen Yun
- Pathophysiology Department, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Liu Wu
- Pharmacology Department, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning, PR China; Pathophysiology Department, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Tian Wen Zhang
- Pharmacology Department, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning, PR China; Pathophysiology Department, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Tang Ze Yao
- Pharmacology Department, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning, PR China.
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Cavalcanti BC, Neto JBDA, Silva AADS, Barreto FS, Ferreira JRDO, Magalhães HIF, Silva CRD, Vieira ÍGP, Ricardo NMPS, Nobre Júnior HV, Moraes MO. Chemopreventive effect of troxerutin against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in human leukocytes through modulation of glutathione-dependent enzymes. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2021; 84:137-151. [PMID: 33103637 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2020.1836541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Troxerutin is a natural flavonoid present abundantly in tea, coffee, olives, wheat, and a variety of fruits and vegetables. Due to its diverse pharmacological properties, this flavonoid has aroused interest for treatment of various diseases, and consequently prompted investigation into its toxicological characteristics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genotoxic and mutagenic effects and chemoprotective activity attributed to troxerutin using human peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) through several well-established experimental protocols based upon different parameters. Data demonstrated that troxerutin (100 to 1000 µM) induced no marked cytotoxic effect on PBLs after 24 hr, and did not produce strand breaks and mutagenicity. Regarding chemoprevention, this flavonoid attenuated cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and mutagenicity initiated by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in human PBLs. Further, troxerutin demonstrated no marked cytotoxic effect on PBLs and exerted a protective effect against oxidative stress induced by H2O2 through modulation of GSH-dependent enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Coêlho Cavalcanti
- Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará , Fortaleza, Brazil
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará , Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - João Batista de Andrade Neto
- Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará , Fortaleza, Brazil
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory for Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules, Federal University of Ceará , Fortaleza, Brazil
- Christus University Center (UNICHRISTUS) , Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Cecília Rocha da Silva
- Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará , Fortaleza, Brazil
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory for Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules, Federal University of Ceará , Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | | | - Hélio Vitoriano Nobre Júnior
- Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará , Fortaleza, Brazil
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory for Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules, Federal University of Ceará , Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Manoel Odorico Moraes
- Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará , Fortaleza, Brazil
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará , Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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Toxicological Effects of Traumatic Acid and Selected Herbicides on Human Breast Cancer Cells: In Vitro Cytotoxicity Assessment of Analyzed Compounds. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24091710. [PMID: 31052542 PMCID: PMC6539929 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24091710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The main consequence of herbicides use is the presence of their residues in food of plant origin. A growing body of evidence indicates that herbicides cause detrimental effects upon human health while demonstrating a direct link of pesticides exposure with the occurrence of human chronic diseases, including cancer. There is a pressing need to develop our knowledge regarding interactions of food contaminants and food components both in vitro and in vivo. Pesticides are highly undesirable food contaminants, and traumatic acid (TA) is a very beneficial food ingredient, therefore we decided to study if TA may act as a compound that delays the stimulatory effect of pesticides on breast cancer cells. To analyze the potential effects that selected herbicides (MCPA, mesotrione, bifenox and dichlobenil) may have upon cancerous cells, we conducted studies of the cytotoxicity of physiological concentrations of four pesticides and the mix of TA with tested herbicides in three different breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, ZR-75-1 and MDA-MB-231) and one normal healthy breast cell line MCF-12A. Based on the obtained results we conclude that TA in a concentration-dependent manner might influence selected effects of the studied herbicides for particular cancer cells lines.
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Kung ML, Lin PY, Huang ST, Tai MH, Hsieh SL, Wu CC, Yeh BW, Wu WJ, Hsieh S. Zingerone Nanotetramer Strengthened the Polypharmacological Efficacy of Zingerone on Human Hepatoma Cell Lines. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:137-150. [PMID: 30566322 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b14559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We base this study on the concept of drug repositioning to reconstitute the natural product of zingerone as zingerone nanoparticles (zingerone NPs) through a one-pot synthesized process. The as-fabricated zingerone NPs were characterized; they possessed a particle size of 1.42 ± 0.67 nm and a reconstituted structure of zingerone nanotetramer. We further validate the effects of zingerone NPs on the antitumor activity and investigate the relative underlying mechanisms on the human hepatoma SK-Hep-1 and Huh7 cell lines. Our results demonstrated that zingerone NPs significantly inhibit Akt activity and NFκB expression as well as activate the caspases cascade signaling pathway which are involved in the antiproliferation, antitumorigenicity, disturbing cell cycle progression, and induction of DNA damage as well as cell apoptosis. These findings were promising to provide a "Nano-chemoprevention" strategy in future cancer therapeutics and medical and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shih-Tsung Huang
- Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology , Academia Sinica , Taipei 11529 , Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hong Tai
- Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology , Academia Sinica , Taipei 11529 , Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ling Hsieh
- Department of Seafood Science , National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology , Kaohsiung 81157 , Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chung Wu
- Department of Food and Nutrition , Providence University , Taichung 43301 , Taiwan
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Akowuah G, Ahmad M, Chin J, Yeong S, Quah S. In vitro UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase and Cytochrome P450 Enzymes Activities of Clinacanthus nutans Leaf Juice and Aqueous Extract. Pharmacogn Mag 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_138_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Siemianowicz K, Likus W, Dorecka M, Wilk R, Dziubdziela W, Markowski J. Chemoprevention of Head and Neck Cancers: Does It Have Only One Face? BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:9051854. [PMID: 30356371 PMCID: PMC6176306 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9051854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) represents a significant burden worldwide. Chemoprevention of HNSCC is a means of cancer control with a use of drugs or natural agents in order to hinder or delay the cancer development. The purpose of this article is to review mechanism of action of different chemopreventive agents' groups and results of most important researches concerning them. The safety issues of HNSCC chemoprevention are also discussed. In case of HNSCC there is currently no agent, which would give positive result in the third phase of clinical trials. Promising results of preclinical trials are not always confirmed by further tests. Main problems are low effectiveness, high toxicity, and lack of highly specificity biomarkers for monitoring the research. New trials concerning many agents, as well as novel technologies for provision of pharmaceutical forms of them, including drug nanocarriers, are currently underway, which gives hope for finding the perfect chemopreventive agent formula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Siemianowicz
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Medyków 18 Str., 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Wirginia Likus
- Department of Anatomy, School of Health Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Medyków 18 Str., 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Mariola Dorecka
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Ceglana 35 Str., 40-952 Katowice, Poland
| | - Renata Wilk
- Department of Anatomy, School of Health Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Medyków 18 Str., 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Włodzimierz Dziubdziela
- Outpatient Clinic for Treatment of Chronic Pain, Wyszyńskiego 12 Str., 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Jarosław Markowski
- Department of Laryngology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Francuska 20/24 Str., 40-027 Katowice, Poland
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Genistein reduces proliferation of EP3-expressing melanoma cells through inhibition of PGE2-induced IL-8 expression. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 62:86-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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11
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Buriani A, Fortinguerra S, Sorrenti V, Dall'Acqua S, Innocenti G, Montopoli M, Gabbia D, Carrara M. Human Adenocarcinoma Cell Line Sensitivity to Essential Oil Phytocomplexes from Pistacia Species: a Multivariate Approach. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22081336. [PMID: 28800126 PMCID: PMC6152281 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22081336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Principal component analysis (PCA) multivariate analysis was applied to study the cytotoxic activity of essential oils from various species of the Pistacia genus on human tumor cell lines. In particular, the cytotoxic activity of essential oils obtained from P. lentiscus, P. lentiscus var. chia (mastic gum), P. terebinthus, P. vera, and P. integerrima, was screened on three human adenocarcinoma cell lines: MCF-7 (breast), 2008 (ovarian), and LoVo (colon). The results indicate that all the Pistacia phytocomplexes, with the exception of mastic gum oil, induce cytotoxic effects on one or more of the three cell lines. PCA highlighted the presence of different cooperating clusters of bioactive molecules. Cluster variability among species, and even within the same species, could explain some of the differences seen among samples suggesting the presence of both common and species-specific mechanisms. Single molecules from one of the most significant clusters were tested, but only bornyl-acetate presented cytotoxic activity, although at much higher concentrations (IC50 = 138.5 µg/mL) than those present in the essential oils, indicating that understanding of the full biological effect requires a holistic vision of the phytocomplexes with all its constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Buriani
- Maria Paola Belloni Center for Personalized Medicine, Data Medica Group (Synlab Limited), 35100 Padova, Italy.
| | - Stefano Fortinguerra
- Maria Paola Belloni Center for Personalized Medicine, Data Medica Group (Synlab Limited), 35100 Padova, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Sorrenti
- Maria Paola Belloni Center for Personalized Medicine, Data Medica Group (Synlab Limited), 35100 Padova, Italy.
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35100 Padova, Italy.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35100 Padova, Italy.
| | - Stefano Dall'Acqua
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35100 Padova, Italy.
| | - Gabbriella Innocenti
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35100 Padova, Italy.
| | - Monica Montopoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35100 Padova, Italy.
| | - Daniela Gabbia
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35100 Padova, Italy.
| | - Maria Carrara
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35100 Padova, Italy.
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Quah SY, Chin JH, Akowuah GA, Khalivulla SI, Yeong SW, Sabu MC. Cytotoxicity and cytochrome P450 inhibitory activities of Clinacanthus nutans. Drug Metab Pers Ther 2017; 32:59-65. [PMID: 28253196 DOI: 10.1515/dmpt-2016-0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinacanthus nutans Lindau (family: Acanthaceae), also known as "Sabah Snake Grass" or "Belalai Gajah" in Malaysia, has been widely used by Malaysians due to its anticancer property. However, the anticancer activity of C. nutans leaves extract and its safe use need to be further investigated. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of methanol leaves extract of C. nutans in various human cancer cell lines and to evaluate the in vitro effect of C. nutans leaves on the activity of CYP3A4 and CYP2E1 in human liver microsomes. METHODS The cytotoxic effects of methanol extract of C. nutans leaves in various cancer cell lines (Hep-G2, A549, HT-29, MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, and CRL 1739) and normal cells (3T3) were determined using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cell proliferation assay. The activities of CYP3A4 and CYP2E1 were determined using simple spectrophotometric methods. RESULTS Results obtained showed that the methanol extract of C. nutans leaves exhibited the highest cytotoxic effect against Hep-G2 cell lines (liver cancer) (IC50=13.33 μg/mL), followed by breast cancer oestrogen negative (MDA-MB-231) (IC50 of 18.67 μg/mL). Methanol leaves extract of C. nutans showed significant inhibition (p<0.05) in CYP3A4 and CYP2E1 activity in human liver microsomes. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, methanol leaves extract of C. nutans exhibited the highest cytotoxic activity against liver cancer cells (Hep-G2). There is a possibility that herb-drug interaction could occur with C. nutans through inhibitory effects on CYP3A4. Additionally, inhibition of C. nutans on CYP2E1 could show anti-carcinogenesis effects in human liver microsomes.
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Wadhwa R, Nigam N, Bhargava P, Dhanjal JK, Goyal S, Grover A, Sundar D, Ishida Y, Terao K, Kaul SC. Molecular Characterization and Enhancement of Anticancer Activity of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester by γ Cyclodextrin. J Cancer 2016; 7:1755-1771. [PMID: 27698914 PMCID: PMC5039358 DOI: 10.7150/jca.15170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE) is a key component in New Zealand propolis, known for a variety of health promoting and therapeutic potentials. We investigated the molecular mechanism of anticancer and anti-metastasis activities of CAPE. cDNA array performed on the control and CAPE-treated breast cancer cells revealed activation of DNA damage signaling involving upregulation of GADD45α and p53 tumor suppressor proteins. Molecular docking analysis revealed that CAPE is capable of disrupting mortalin-p53 complexes. We provide experimental evidence and demonstrate that CAPE induced disruption of mortalin-p53 complexes led to nuclear translocation and activation of p53 resulting in growth arrest in cancer cells. Furthermore, CAPE-treated cells exhibited downregulation of mortalin and several other key regulators of cell migration accountable for its anti-metastasis activity. Of note, we found that whereas CAPE was unstable in the culture medium (as it gets degraded into caffeic acid by secreted esterases), its complex with gamma cyclodextrin (γCD) showed high efficacy in anti-tumor and anti-metastasis assays in vitro and in vivo (when administered through either intraperitoneal or oral route). The data proposes that CAPE-γCD complex is a potent anti-cancer and anti-metastasis reagent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renu Wadhwa
- DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Central 5-41, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba - 305 8565, Japan
| | - Nupur Nigam
- DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Central 5-41, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba - 305 8565, Japan;; Graduate School of Life & Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki - 305 8575, Japan
| | - Priyanshu Bhargava
- DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Central 5-41, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba - 305 8565, Japan;; Graduate School of Life & Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki - 305 8575, Japan
| | - Jaspreet Kaur Dhanjal
- Department of Biochemical Engineering & Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi - 110 016, India
| | - Sukriti Goyal
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi - 110 067, India
| | - Abhinav Grover
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi - 110 067, India
| | - Durai Sundar
- Department of Biochemical Engineering & Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi - 110 016, India
| | - Yoshiyuki Ishida
- CycloChem Co., Ltd., 7-4-5 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe - 650 0047, Japan
| | - Keiji Terao
- CycloChem Co., Ltd., 7-4-5 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe - 650 0047, Japan;; Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe - 650 0017, Japan
| | - Sunil C Kaul
- DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Central 5-41, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba - 305 8565, Japan
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Sati J, Mohanty BP, Garg ML, Koul A. Pro-Oxidant Role of Silibinin in DMBA/TPA Induced Skin Cancer: 1H NMR Metabolomic and Biochemical Study. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158955. [PMID: 27414401 PMCID: PMC4944989 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Silibinin, a major bioactive flavonolignan in Silybum marianum, has received considerable attention in view of its anticarcinogenic activity. The present study examines its anticancer potential against 7, 12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) induced skin cancer. Male LACA mice were randomly segregated into 4 groups: Control, DMBA/TPA, Silibinin and Silibinin+DMBA/TPA. Tumors in DMBA/TPA and Silibinin+DMBA/TPA groups were histologically graded as squamous cell carcinoma. In the Silibinin+DMBA/TPA group, significant reduction in tumor incidence (23%), tumor volume (64.4%), and tumor burden (84.8%) was observed when compared to the DMBA/TPA group. The underlying protective mechanism of Silibinin action was studied at pre-initiation (2 weeks), post-initiation (10 weeks) and promotion (22 weeks) stages of the skin carcinogenesis. The antioxidant nature of Silibinin was evident at the end of 2 weeks of its treatment. However, towards the end of 10 and 22 weeks, elevated lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels indicate the pro-oxidative nature of Silibinin in the cancerous tissue. TUNEL assay revealed enhanced apoptosis in the Silibinin+DMBA/TPA group with respect to the DMBA/TPA group. Therefore, it may be suggested that raised LPO could be responsible for triggering apoptosis in the Silibinin+DMBA/TPA group. 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was used to determine the metabolic profile of the skin /skin tumors. Dimethylamine (DMA), glycerophosphocholine (GPC), glucose, lactic acid, taurine and guanine were identified as the major contributors for separation between the groups from the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of the metabolite data. Enhanced DMA levels with no alteration in GPC, glucose and lactate levels reflect altered choline metabolism with no marked Warburg effect in skin tumors. However, elevated guanine levels with potent suppression of taurine and glucose levels in the Silibinin+DMBA/TPA group are suggestive of the pro-oxidative nature of Silibinin in regressing tumors. Thus, supporting the theory of augmented LPO levels resulting in increased apoptosis in the skin tumors treated with Silibinin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Sati
- Department of Biophysics, Basic Medical Sciences Block, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Biraja Prasad Mohanty
- Department of Biophysics, Basic Medical Sciences Block, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Mohan Lal Garg
- Department of Biophysics, Basic Medical Sciences Block, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Ashwani Koul
- Department of Biophysics, Basic Medical Sciences Block, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
- * E-mail:
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Seleem D, Benso B, Noguti J, Pardi V, Murata RM. In Vitro and In Vivo Antifungal Activity of Lichochalcone-A against Candida albicans Biofilms. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157188. [PMID: 27284694 PMCID: PMC4902220 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral candidiasis (OC) is an opportunistic fungal infection with high prevalence among immunocompromised patients. Candida albicans is the most common fungal pathogen responsible for OC, often manifested in denture stomatitis and oral thrush. Virulence factors, such as biofilms formation and secretion of proteolytic enzymes, are key components in the pathogenicity of C. albicans. Given the limited number of available antifungal therapies and the increase in antifungal resistance, demand the search for new safe and effective antifungal treatments. Lichochalcone-A is a polyphenol natural compound, known for its broad protective activities, as an antimicrobial agent. In this study, we investigated the antifungal activity of lichochalcone-A against C. albicans biofilms both in vitro and in vivo. Lichochalcone-A (625 μM; equivalent to 10x MIC) significantly reduced C. albicans (MYA 2876) biofilm growth compared to the vehicle control group (1% ethanol), as indicated by the reduction in the colony formation unit (CFU)/ml/g of biofilm dry weight. Furthermore, proteolytic enzymatic activities of proteinases and phospholipases, secreted by C. albicans were significantly decreased in the lichochalcone-A treated biofilms. In vivo model utilized longitudinal imaging of OC fungal load using a bioluminescent-engineered C. albicans (SKCa23-ActgLUC) and coelenterazine substrate. Mice treated with lichochalcone-A topical treatments exhibited a significant reduction in total photon flux over 4 and 5 days post-infection. Similarly, ex vivo analysis of tongue samples, showed a significant decrease in CFU/ml/mg in tongue tissue sample of lichochalcone-A treated group, which suggest the potential of lichochalcone-A as a novel antifungal agent for future clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Seleem
- Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, Division of Periodontology Diagnostic Sciences, Dental Hygiene and Biomedical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Bruna Benso
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Juliana Noguti
- Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, Division of Periodontology Diagnostic Sciences, Dental Hygiene and Biomedical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Vanessa Pardi
- Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, Division of Periodontology Diagnostic Sciences, Dental Hygiene and Biomedical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Ramiro Mendonça Murata
- Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, Division of Periodontology Diagnostic Sciences, Dental Hygiene and Biomedical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Shahid A, Ali R, Ali N, Hasan SK, Rashid S, Majed F, Sultana S. Attenuation of genotoxicity, oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammation by rutin in benzo(a)pyrene exposed lungs of mice: plausible role of NF-κB, TNF-α and Bcl-2. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 13:17-29. [PMID: 26829483 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2015-0078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P] is an environmental contaminant and potential carcinogenic agent that causes lung injuries which leads to lung cancer. Rutin, a well-known flavonoid present in various natural sources, possesses biological activities such as anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of rutin against B(a)P-induced genotoxicity, oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammation in Swiss albino mice. METHODS Pretreatment of rutin was given by oral gavage at doses of 40 and 80 mg/kg body weight (b.wt.) for 7 days before the administration of a single oral dose of B(a)P (125 mg/kg b.wt.). The ameliorative effect of rutin on oxidative stress, apoptotic and inflammatory markers in lung tissues and genotoxicity was studied using an alkaline unwinding assay and DNA fragmentation. RESULTS B(a)P enhanced lipid peroxidation, xanthine oxidase, H2O2 generation and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity; depleted activities of anti-oxidant enzymes and glutathione content; induced DNA strand breaks and fragmentation; disrupted normal histopathological architecture and also showed abnormal expression of NF-κB, COX-2, IL-6, TNF-α and Bcl-2. Rutin pretreatment caused a significant reduction in lipid peroxidation and LDH activity; increased glutathione content; restored antioxidant enzyme activity; reduced DNA strand breaks and fragmentation; modulated the expression of inflammatory, and apoptotic markers and restored the histopathological structure. CONCLUSIONS The findings of the present study supported the protective effect of rutin against B(a)P-induced lung toxicity and genotoxicity.
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Flux Balance Analysis Inspired Bioprocess Upgrading for Lycopene Production by a Metabolically Engineered Strain of Yarrowia lipolytica. Metabolites 2015; 5:794-813. [PMID: 26703753 PMCID: PMC4693195 DOI: 10.3390/metabo5040794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-scale metabolic models embody a significant advantage of systems biology since their applications as metabolic flux simulation models enable predictions for the production of industrially-interesting metabolites. The biotechnological production of lycopene from Yarrowia lipolytica is an emerging scope that has not been fully scrutinized, especially for what concerns cultivation conditions of newly generated engineered strains. In this study, by combining flux balance analysis (FBA) and Plackett-Burman design, we screened chemicals for lycopene production from a metabolically engineered strain of Y. lipolytica. Lycopene concentrations of 126 and 242 mg/L were achieved correspondingly from the FBA-independent and the FBA-assisted designed media in fed-batch cultivation mode. Transcriptional studies revealed upregulations of heterologous genes in media designed according to FBA, thus implying the efficiency of model predictions. Our study will potentially support upgraded lycopene and other terpenoids production from existing or prospect bioengineered strains of Y. lipolytica and/or closely related yeast species.
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