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Hossain MA. Targeting the RAS upstream and downstream signaling pathway for Cancer treatment. Eur J Pharmacol 2024:176727. [PMID: 38866361 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Cancer often involves the overactivation of RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK (MAPK) and PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathways due to mutations in genes like RAS, RAF, PTEN, and PIK3CA. Various strategies are employed to address the overactivation of these pathways, among which targeted therapy emerges as a promising approach. Directly targeting specific proteins, leads to encouraging results in cancer treatment. For instance, RTK inhibitors such as imatinib and afatinib selectively target these receptors, hindering ligand binding and reducing signaling initiation. These inhibitors have shown potent efficacy against Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Other inhibitors, like lonafarnib targeting Farnesyltransferase and GGTI 2418 targeting geranylgeranyl Transferase, disrupt post-translational modifications of proteins. Additionally, inhibition of proteins like SOS, SH2 domain, and Ras demonstrate promising anti-tumor activity both in vivo and in vitro. Targeting downstream components with RAF inhibitors such as vemurafenib, dabrafenib, and sorafenib, along with MEK inhibitors like trametinib and binimetinib, has shown promising outcomes in treating cancers with BRAF-V600E mutations, including myeloma, colorectal, and thyroid cancers. Furthermore, inhibitors of PI3K (e.g., apitolisib, copanlisib), AKT (e.g., ipatasertib, perifosine), and mTOR (e.g., sirolimus, temsirolimus) exhibit promising efficacy against various cancers such as Invasive Breast Cancer, Lymphoma, Neoplasms, and hematological malignancies. This review offers an overview of small molecule inhibitors targeting specific proteins within the RAS upstream and downstream signaling pathways in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Arafat Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh;.
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2
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Mayr F, Kruse V, Fuhrmann DC, Wolf S, Löber J, Alsouri S, Paglilla N, Lee K, Chapuy B, Brüne B, Zenz T, Häupl B, Oellerich T, Engelke M. SH2 domain-containing inositol 5-phosphatases support the survival of Burkitt lymphoma cells by promoting energy metabolism. Haematologica 2024; 109:1445-1459. [PMID: 37916396 PMCID: PMC11063853 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2023.283663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Burkitt lymphoma cells (BL) exploit antigen-independent tonic signals transduced by the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) for their survival, but the molecular details of the rewired BL-specific BCR signal network remain unclear. A loss of function screen revealed the SH2 domain-containing 5`-inositol phosphatase 2 (SHIP2) as a potential modulator of BL fitness. We characterized the role of SHIP2 in BL survival in several BL cell models and show that perturbing SHIP2 function renders cells more susceptible to apoptosis, while attenuating proliferation in a BCR-dependent manner. Unexpectedly, SHIP2 deficiency did neither affect PI3K survival signals nor MAPK activity, but attenuated ATP production. We found that an efficient energy metabolism in BL cells requires phosphatidylinositol-3,4-bisphosphate (PI(3,4)P2), which is the enzymatic product of SHIP proteins. Consistently, interference with the function of SHIP1 and SHIP2 augments BL cell susceptibility to PI3K inhibition. Notably, we provide here a molecular basis of how tonic BCR signals are connected to energy supply, which is particularly important for such an aggressively growing neoplasia. These findings may help to improve therapies for the treatment of BL by limiting energy metabolism through the inhibition of SHIP proteins, which renders BL cells more susceptible to the targeting of survival signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Mayr
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Göttingen
| | - Vanessa Kruse
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Göttingen
| | - Dominik C Fuhrmann
- Institute for Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt
| | - Sebastian Wolf
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt
| | - Jens Löber
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Cancer Immunology, Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin
| | - Saed Alsouri
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Göttingen
| | - Nadia Paglilla
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Göttingen
| | - Kwang Lee
- Translational Medical Oncology, German Cancer Research Center and National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg
| | - Björn Chapuy
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Cancer Immunology, Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin
| | - Bernhard Brüne
- Institute for Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt
| | - Thorsten Zenz
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zurich
| | - Björn Häupl
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt
| | - Thomas Oellerich
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt
| | - Michael Engelke
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Göttingen.
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Yeoh WJ, Krebs P. SHIP1 and its role for innate immune regulation-Novel targets for immunotherapy. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2350446. [PMID: 37742135 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Phosphoinositide-3-kinase/AKT (PI3K/AKT) signaling plays key roles in the regulation of cellular activity in both health and disease. In immune cells, this PI3K/AKT pathway is critically regulated by the phosphoinositide phosphatase SHIP1, which has been reported to modulate the function of most immune subsets. In this review, we summarize our current knowledge of SHIP1 with a focus on innate immune cells, where we reflect on the most pertinent aspects described in the current literature. We also present several small-molecule agonists and antagonists of SHIP1 developed over the last two decades, which have led to improved outcomes in several preclinical models of disease. We outline these promising findings and put them in relation to human diseases with unmet medical needs, where we discuss the most attractive targets for immune therapies based on SHIP1 modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Jie Yeoh
- Institute of Tissue Medicine and Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Krebs
- Institute of Tissue Medicine and Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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4
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Chou V, Pearse RV, Aylward AJ, Ashour N, Taga M, Terzioglu G, Fujita M, Fancher SB, Sigalov A, Benoit CR, Lee H, Lam M, Seyfried NT, Bennett DA, De Jager PL, Menon V, Young-Pearse TL. INPP5D regulates inflammasome activation in human microglia. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7552. [PMID: 38016942 PMCID: PMC10684891 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42819-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Microglia and neuroinflammation play an important role in the development and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Inositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase D (INPP5D/SHIP1) is a myeloid-expressed gene genetically-associated with AD. Through unbiased analyses of RNA and protein profiles in INPP5D-disrupted iPSC-derived human microglia, we find that reduction in INPP5D activity is associated with molecular profiles consistent with disrupted autophagy and inflammasome activation. These findings are validated through targeted pharmacological experiments which demonstrate that reduced INPP5D activity induces the formation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, cleavage of CASP1, and secretion of IL-1β and IL-18. Further, in-depth analyses of human brain tissue across hundreds of individuals using a multi-analytic approach provides evidence that a reduction in function of INPP5D in microglia results in inflammasome activation in AD. These findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying microglia-mediated processes in AD and highlight the inflammasome as a potential therapeutic target for modulating INPP5D-mediated vulnerability to AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicky Chou
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richard V Pearse
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aimee J Aylward
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nancy Ashour
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mariko Taga
- Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, and the Taub Institute for the Study of Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gizem Terzioglu
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Masashi Fujita
- Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, and the Taub Institute for the Study of Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Seeley B Fancher
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alina Sigalov
- Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, and the Taub Institute for the Study of Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Courtney R Benoit
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hyo Lee
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matti Lam
- Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, and the Taub Institute for the Study of Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicholas T Seyfried
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - David A Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Philip L De Jager
- Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, and the Taub Institute for the Study of Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vilas Menon
- Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, and the Taub Institute for the Study of Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tracy L Young-Pearse
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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5
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Chowdhury BP, Das S, Bodhale N, Prakash Pandey S, Sudan R, Srivastava N, Chisholm JD, Kerr WG, Majumdar S, Saha B. SHIP1 inhibition via 3-alpha-amino-cholestane enhances protection against Leishmania infection. Cytokine 2023; 171:156373. [PMID: 37776719 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Leishmania major and L. donovani cause cutaneous leishmaniasis and visceral leishmaniasis, respectively. Available chemotherapies suffer from toxicity, drug-resistance or high cost of production prompting the need for the discovery of new anti-leishmanials. Here, we test a novel aminosteriodal compound- 3-alpha-amino-cholestane [3AC] - that shows selective inhibition of SHIP1, an inositol-5'-phosphate-specific phosphatase with potent effects on the immune system. We report that 3AC-sensitive SHIP1 expression increases in Leishmania-infected macrophages. Treatment of BALB/c mice, a Leishmania-susceptible host, with 3AC increased anti-leishmanial, but reduced pro-leishmanial, cytokines' production and reduced the parasite load in both L. major and L. donovani infections. These findings implicate SHIPi as a potential novel immunostimulant with anti-leishmanial function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shibali Das
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | | | | | - Raki Sudan
- Dept. of Microbiology & Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Neetu Srivastava
- Dept. of Microbiology & Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - John D Chisholm
- Dept. of Microbiology & Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - William G Kerr
- Dept. of Microbiology & Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA; Dept. of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA; Dept. of Pediatrics, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
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Llorente A, Loughran RM, Emerling BM. Targeting phosphoinositide signaling in cancer: relevant techniques to study lipids and novel avenues for therapeutic intervention. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1297355. [PMID: 37954209 PMCID: PMC10634348 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1297355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphoinositides serve as essential players in numerous biological activities and are critical for overall cellular function. Due to their complex chemical structures, localization, and low abundance, current challenges in the phosphoinositide field include the accurate measurement and identification of specific variants, particularly those with acyl chains. Researchers are intensively developing innovative techniques and approaches to address these challenges and advance our understanding of the impact of phosphoinositide signaling on cellular biology. This article provides an overview of recent advances in the study of phosphoinositides, including mass spectrometry, lipid biosensors, and real-time activity assays using fluorometric sensors. These methodologies have proven instrumental for a comprehensive exploration of the cellular distribution and dynamics of phosphoinositides and have shed light on the growing significance of these lipids in human health and various pathological processes, including cancer. To illustrate the importance of phosphoinositide signaling in disease, this perspective also highlights the role of a family of lipid kinases named phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate 4-kinases (PI5P4Ks), which have recently emerged as exciting therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. The ongoing exploration of phosphoinositide signaling not only deepens our understanding of cellular biology but also holds promise for novel interventions in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Brooke M. Emerling
- Cancer Metabolism and Microenvironment Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys, La Jolla, CA, United States
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7
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Jesudason CD, Mason ER, Chu S, Oblak AL, Javens‐Wolfe J, Moussaif M, Durst G, Hipskind P, Beck DE, Dong J, Amarasinghe O, Zhang Z, Hamdani AK, Singhal K, Mesecar AD, Souza S, Jacobson M, Salvo JD, Soni DM, Kandasamy M, Masters AR, Quinney SK, Doolen S, Huhe H, Rizzo SJS, Lamb BT, Palkowitz AD, Richardson TI. SHIP1 therapeutic target enablement: Identification and evaluation of inhibitors for the treatment of late-onset Alzheimer's disease. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (NEW YORK, N. Y.) 2023; 9:e12429. [PMID: 38023622 PMCID: PMC10655782 DOI: 10.1002/trc2.12429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The risk of developing Alzheimer's disease is associated with genes involved in microglial function. Inositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase (INPP5D), which encodes Src homology 2 (SH2) domain-containing inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase 1 (SHIP1), is a risk gene expressed in microglia. Because SHIP1 binds receptor immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIMs), competes with kinases, and converts PI(3,4,5)P3 to PI(3,4)P2, it is a negative regulator of microglia function. Validated inhibitors are needed to evaluate SHIP1 as a potential therapeutic target. METHODS We identified inhibitors and screened the enzymatic domain of SHIP1. A protein construct containing two domains was used to evaluate enzyme inhibitor potency and selectivity versus SHIP2. Inhibitors were tested against a construct containing all ordered domains of the human and mouse proteins. A cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) provided evidence of target engagement in cells. Phospho-AKT levels provided further evidence of on-target pharmacology. A high-content imaging assay was used to study the pharmacology of SHIP1 inhibition while monitoring cell health. Physicochemical and absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) properties were evaluated to select a compound suitable for in vivo studies. RESULTS SHIP1 inhibitors displayed a remarkable array of activities and cellular pharmacology. Inhibitory potency was dependent on the protein construct used to assess enzymatic activity. Some inhibitors failed to engage the target in cells. Inhibitors that were active in the CETSA consistently destabilized the protein and reduced pAKT levels. Many SHIP1 inhibitors were cytotoxic either at high concentration due to cell stress or they potently induced cell death depending on the compound and cell type. One compound activated microglia, inducing phagocytosis at concentrations that did not result in significant cell death. A pharmacokinetic study demonstrated brain exposures in mice upon oral administration. DISCUSSION 3-((2,4-Dichlorobenzyl)oxy)-5-(1-(piperidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) pyridine activated primary mouse microglia and demonstrated exposures in mouse brain upon oral dosing. Although this compound is our recommended chemical probe for investigating the pharmacology of SHIP1 inhibition at this time, further optimization is required for clinical studies. Highlights Cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) and signaling (pAKT) assays were developed to provide evidence of src homology 2 (SH2) domain-contaning inositol phosphatase 1 (SHIP1) target engagement and on-target activity in cellular assays.A phenotypic high-content imaging assay with simultaneous measures of phagocytosis, cell number, and nuclear intensity was developed to explore cellular pharmacology and monitor cell health.SHIP1 inhibitors demonstrate a wide range of activity and cellular pharmacology, and many reported inhibitors are cytotoxic.The chemical probe 3-((2,4-dichlorobenzyl)oxy)-5-(1-(piperidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) pyridine is recommended to explore SHIP1 pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emily R. Mason
- Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Shaoyou Chu
- Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Adrian L. Oblak
- Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | | | | | | | | | - Daniel E. Beck
- Institute for Drug DiscoveryPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA
| | - Jiajun Dong
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular PharmacologyPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA
| | - Ovini Amarasinghe
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular PharmacologyPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA
| | - Zhong‐Yin Zhang
- Institute for Drug DiscoveryPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular PharmacologyPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA
| | - Adam K. Hamdani
- Department of BiochemistryPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA
| | - Kratika Singhal
- Department of BiochemistryPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA
| | | | | | | | | | - Disha M. Soni
- Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | | | | | - Sara K Quinney
- Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Suzanne Doolen
- University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Hasi Huhe
- University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | | | - Bruce T. Lamb
- Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Alan D. Palkowitz
- Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Indiana Biosciences Research InstituteIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Timothy I. Richardson
- Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Indiana Biosciences Research InstituteIndianapolisIndianaUSA
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Safaroghli-Azar A, Sanaei MJ, Pourbagheri-Sigaroodi A, Bashash D. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) classes: From cell signaling to endocytic recycling and autophagy. Eur J Pharmacol 2023:175827. [PMID: 37269974 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Lipid signaling is defined as any biological signaling action in which a lipid messenger binds to a protein target, converting its effects to specific cellular responses. In this complex biological pathway, the family of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) represents a pivotal role and affects many aspects of cellular biology from cell survival, proliferation, and migration to endocytosis, intracellular trafficking, metabolism, and autophagy. While yeasts have a single isoform of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), mammals possess eight PI3K types divided into three classes. The class I PI3Ks have set the stage to widen research interest in the field of cancer biology. The aberrant activation of class I PI3Ks has been identified in 30-50% of human tumors, and activating mutations in PIK3CA is one of the most frequent oncogenes in human cancer. In addition to indirect participation in cell signaling, class II and III PI3Ks primarily regulate vesicle trafficking. Class III PI3Ks are also responsible for autophagosome formation and autophagy flux. The current review aims to discuss the original data obtained from international research laboratories on the latest discoveries regarding PI3Ks-mediated cell biological processes. Also, we unravel the mechanisms by which pools of the same phosphoinositides (PIs) derived from different PI3K types act differently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ava Safaroghli-Azar
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Javad Sanaei
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atieh Pourbagheri-Sigaroodi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Bashash
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Ehm PAH, Linnebacher M, Block A, Rehbach C, Jücker M. Targeted hyperactivation of AKT through inhibition of ectopic expressed SHIP1 induces cell death in colon carcinoma cells and derived metastases. Cell Signal 2023; 108:110720. [PMID: 37207939 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Current therapeutic approaches for colorectal cancer (CRC) focus on the suppression of oncogenic kinase signaling. Here, we test the hypothesis that targeted hyperactivation of the PI3K/AKT-signaling may lead to trigger CRC cell death. Recently we found that hematopoietic SHIP1 is ectopically expressed in CRC cells. Here we show that SHIP1 is more strongly expressed in metastatic cells than in the primary cancer cells, which allows for an increase in AKT signaling in metastatic cells, giving them an advantage from an evolutionary point of view. Mechanistically, the increased SHIP1 expression reduces the activation of the PI3K/ AKT signaling to a value that is below the threshold that leads to cell death. This mechanism gives the cell a selection advantage. We show that genetic hyperactivation of PI3K/AKT-signaling or blocking the activity of the inhibitory phosphatase SHIP1, induces acute cell death in CRC cells, because of excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Our results demonstrate that CRC cells critically depend on mechanisms to fine-tune PI3K/AKT activity and show SHIP1 inhibition as an unexpectedly promising concept for CRC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick A H Ehm
- Institute of Biochemistry and Signal Transduction, Center for Experimental Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Michael Linnebacher
- Molecular Oncology and Immunotherapy, Clinic of General, Thoracic, Vascular and Transplantation Surgery, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Andreas Block
- Department of Oncology, University Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Rehbach
- Institute of Biochemistry and Signal Transduction, Center for Experimental Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Jücker
- Institute of Biochemistry and Signal Transduction, Center for Experimental Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
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10
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Fernandes S, Srivastava N, Pedicone C, Sudan R, Luke EA, Dungan OM, Pacherille A, Meyer ST, Dormann S, Schurmans S, Chambers BJ, Chisholm JD, Kerr WG. Obesity control by SHIP inhibition requires pan-paralog inhibition and an intact eosinophil compartment. iScience 2023; 26:106071. [PMID: 36818285 PMCID: PMC9929608 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Here we extend the understanding of how chemical inhibition of SHIP paralogs controls obesity. We compare different classes of SHIP inhibitors and find that selective inhibitors of SHIP1 or SHIP2 are unable to prevent weight gain and body fat accumulation during increased caloric intake. Surprisingly, only pan-SHIP1/2 inhibitors (pan-SHIPi) prevent diet-induced obesity. We confirm that pan-SHIPi is essential by showing that dual treatment with SHIP1 and SHIP2 selective inhibitors reduced adiposity during excess caloric intake. Consistent with this, genetic inactivation of both SHIP paralogs in eosinophils or myeloid cells also reduces obesity and adiposity. In fact, pan-SHIPi requires an eosinophil compartment to prevent diet-induced adiposity, demonstrating that pan-SHIPi acts via an immune mechanism. We also find that pan-SHIPi increases ILC2 cell function in aged, obese mice to reduce their obesity. Finally, we show that pan-SHIPi also reduces hyperglycemia, but not via eosinophils, indicating a separate mechanism for glucose control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Fernandes
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Neetu Srivastava
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Chiara Pedicone
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Raki Sudan
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Elizabeth A. Luke
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Otto M. Dungan
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | | | - Shea T. Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Shawn Dormann
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | | | - Benedict J. Chambers
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - William G. Kerr
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
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11
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Cheng Z, Xia NL, Chen Z, Li M, Tang Z, Wu H, Yan X, Wang Y, Wang Y, Tang X, Zhang H, Sun L. SHIP1 is required for the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps in rheumatoid arthritis. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 115:109625. [PMID: 36586275 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the specific pathway leading to NET formation in RA is poorly understood. Therefore, therapies targeting NETs are not available in RA. In this study, we demonstrated Src homology 2 domain-containing inositol phosphatase-1 (SHIP1) function as a hub to regulate NETosis through SHIP1/ p38 MAPK/TNF-α pathway both in vitro and ex vivo and inhibiting SHIP1 expression ameliorated RA symptoms in vivo. Neutrophils from RA patients showed enhanced NETosis as well as increased SHIP1, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family expression and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expression. Inhibiting SHIP1 in neutrophils using small molecules counteracted the above-mentioned dysregulations and resulted in decrease in NETosis, p38 expression and TNF-α concentration. Consistent with this, SHIP1 agonist led to upregulated p38MAPK and NET formation. Moreover, inhibiting SHIP1 in vivo led to decreased NETosis and showed beneficial therapeutic effects in Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice. Taken together, these results indicated that activation of SHIP1/MAPK/TNF-α pathway was necessary for upregulated NETosis in RA, which provided evidence for targeting SHIP1 in RA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixue Cheng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Nan L Xia
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Ziyan Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Mei Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhicheng Tang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haolin Wu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyi Yan
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuchun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau
| | - Xiaojun Tang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
| | - Huayong Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
| | - Lingyun Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
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12
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Fernandes S, Meyer ST, Shah JP, Adhikari AA, Kerr WG, Chisholm JD. N1-Benzyl Tryptamine Pan-SHIP1/2 Inhibitors: Synthesis and Preliminary Biological Evaluation as Anti-Tumor Agents. Molecules 2022; 27:8451. [PMID: 36500543 PMCID: PMC9738565 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase (SHIP) with small molecule inhibitors leads to apoptosis in tumor cells. Inhibitors that target both SHIP1 and SHIP2 (pan-SHIP1/2 inhibitors) may have benefits in these areas since paralog compensation is not possible when both SHIP paralogs are being inhibited. A series of tryptamine-based pan-SHIP1/2 inhibitors have been synthesized and evaluated for their ability to inhibit the SHIP paralogs. The most active compounds were also evaluated for their effects on cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Fernandes
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Shea T. Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
| | - Jigisha P. Shah
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
| | | | - William G. Kerr
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - John D. Chisholm
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
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13
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LINC01468 drives NAFLD-HCC progression through CUL4A-linked degradation of SHIP2. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:449. [DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01234-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAccumulating evidence suggests that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are deregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and play a role in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the current understanding of the role of lncRNAs in NAFLD-associated HCC is limited. In this study, transcriptomic profiling analysis of three paired human liver samples from patients with NAFLD-driven HCC and adjacent samples showed that LINC01468 expression was significantly upregulated. In vitro and in vivo gain- and loss-of-function experiments showed that LINC01468 promotes the proliferation of HCC cells through lipogenesis. Mechanistically, LINC01468 binds SHIP2 and promotes cullin 4 A (CUL4A)-linked ubiquitin degradation, thereby activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, resulting in the promotion of de novo lipid biosynthesis and HCC progression. Importantly, the SHIP2 inhibitor reversed the sorafenib resistance induced by LINC01468 overexpression. Moreover, ALKBH5-mediated N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification led to stabilization and upregulation of LINC01468 RNA. Taken together, the findings indicated a novel mechanism by which LINC01468-mediated lipogenesis promotes HCC progression through CUL4A-linked degradation of SHIP2. LINC01468 acts as a driver of HCC progression from NAFLD, highlights the potential of the LINC01468-SHIP2 axis as a therapeutic target for HCC.
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14
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Dungan OM, Dormann S, Fernandes S, Duffy BC, Effiong DG, Kerr WG, Chisholm JD. Synthetic studies on the indane SHIP1 agonist AQX-1125. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:4016-4020. [PMID: 35506893 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00555g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
AQX-1125 is an indane based SHIP1 agonist that has been evaluated in the clinic for the treatment of bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis. To support our own studies on SHIP1 agonists as potential treatments for IBD and Crohn's disease, a new synthetic route to the SHIP1 agonist AQX-1125 has been developed. This sequence utilizes a hydroxy-acid intermediate which allows for ready differentiation of the C6 and C7 positions. The role of the C17 alkene in the biological activity of the system is also investigated, and this functional group is not required for SHIP1 agonist activity. While AQX-1125 shows SHIP1 agonist activity in enzyme assays, it does not show activity in cell based assays similar to other SHIP1 agonists, which limits the utility of this molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otto M Dungan
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 1-014 Center for Science and Technology, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA.
| | - Shawn Dormann
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 1-014 Center for Science and Technology, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA.
| | - Sandra Fernandes
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Brian C Duffy
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 1-014 Center for Science and Technology, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA.
| | - Daniel G Effiong
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 1-014 Center for Science and Technology, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA.
| | - William G Kerr
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 1-014 Center for Science and Technology, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA. .,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - John D Chisholm
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 1-014 Center for Science and Technology, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA.
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15
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Pedicone C, Fernandes S, Matera A, Meyer ST, Loh S, Ha JH, Bernard D, Chisholm JD, Paolicelli RC, Kerr WG. Discovery of a novel SHIP1 agonist that promotes degradation of lipid-laden phagocytic cargo by microglia. iScience 2022; 25:104170. [PMID: 35465359 PMCID: PMC9020084 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we describe the use of artificial intelligence to identify novel agonists of the SH2-containing 5′ inositol phosphatase 1 (SHIP1). One of the compounds, K306, represents the most potent agonist identified to date. We find that K306 exhibits selectivity for SHIP1 vs. the paralog enzyme SHIP2, and this activation does not require the C2 domain of SHIP1 which other known SHIP1 agonists require. Thus, K306 represents a new class of SHIP1 agonists with a novel mode of agonism. Importantly, we find that K306 can suppress induction of inflammatory cytokines and iNOS in macrophages or microglia, but not by their SHIP1-deficient counterparts. K306 also reduces TNF-α production in vivo in an LPS-induced endotoxemia assay. Finally, we show that K306 enhances phagolysosomal degradation of synaptosomes and dead neurons by microglia revealing a novel function for SHIP1 that might be exploited therapeutically in dementia. Discovery of a potent SHIP1 selective agonist (K306) via artificial intelligence SHIP1 agonism via K306 is independent of the C2 domain and increases PI(3,4)P2 levels K306 reduces IL-6, TNF-α, and iNOS induction in microglia and macrophages K306 promotes phagocytic degradation of lipid-laden but not protein cargo in microglia
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Pedicone
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Sandra Fernandes
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Alessandro Matera
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Shea T Meyer
- Chemistry Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Stewart Loh
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Jeung-Hoi Ha
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | | | - John D Chisholm
- Chemistry Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | | | - William G Kerr
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA.,Chemistry Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
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16
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Hao F, Wang C, Sholy C, Cao M, Kang X. Strategy for Leukemia Treatment Targeting SHP-1,2 and SHIP. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:730400. [PMID: 34490276 PMCID: PMC8417302 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.730400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are modulators of cellular functions such as differentiation, metabolism, migration, and survival. PTPs antagonize tyrosine kinases by removing phosphate moieties from molecular signaling residues, thus inhibiting signal transduction. Two PTPs, SHP-1 and SHP-2 (SH2 domain-containing phosphatases 1 and 2, respectively) and another inhibitory phosphatase, SH2 domain-containing inositol phosphatase (SHIP), are essential for cell function, which is reflected in the defective phenotype of mutant mice. Interestingly, SHP-1, SHP-2, and SHIP mutations are identified in many cases of human leukemia. However, the impact of these phosphatases and their mutations regarding the onset and progression of leukemia is controversial. The ambiguity of the role of these phosphatases imposes challenges on the development of targeting therapies for leukemia. This fundamental problem, confronted by the expanding investigational field of leukemia, will be addressed in this review, which will include a discussion of the molecular mechanisms of SHP-1, SHP-2, and SHIP in normal hematopoiesis and their role in leukemia. Clinical development of leukemic therapies achieved by targeting these phosphatases will be addressed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Hao
- Center for Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Chen Wang
- Center for Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Christine Sholy
- Center for Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Min Cao
- Center for Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Xunlei Kang
- Center for Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
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17
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Mehdi SH, Morris CA, Lee JA, Yoon D. An Improved Animal Model of Multiple Myeloma Bone Disease. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4277. [PMID: 34503090 PMCID: PMC8428359 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell malignancy that causes an accumulation of terminally differentiated monoclonal plasma cells in the bone marrow, accompanied by multiple myeloma bone disease (MMBD). MM animal models have been developed and enable to interrogate the mechanism of MM tumorigenesis. However, these models demonstrate little or no evidence of MMBD. We try to establish the MMBD model with severe bone lesions and easily accessible MM progression. 1 × 106 luciferase-expressing 5TGM1 cells were injected into 8-12 week-old NOD SCID gamma mouse (NSG) and C57BL/KaLwRij mouse via the tail vein. Myeloma progression was assessed weekly via in vivo bioluminescence (BL) imaging using IVIS-200. The spine and femur/tibia were extracted and scanned by the micro-computer tomography for bone histo-morphometric analyses at the postmortem. The median survivals were 56 days in NSG while 44.5 days in C57BL/KaLwRij agreed with the BL imaging results. Histomorphic and DEXA analyses demonstrated that NSG mice have severe bone resorption that occurred at the lumbar spine but no significance at the femur compared to C57BL/KaLwRij mice. Based on these, we conclude that the systemic 5TGM1 injected NSG mouse slowly progresses myeloma and develops more severe MMBD than the C57BL/KaLwRij model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Hassan Mehdi
- Myeloma Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA;
| | - Carol A Morris
- Graduate Program in Interdisciplinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA;
| | - Jung Ae Lee
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA;
| | - Donghoon Yoon
- Myeloma Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA;
- Graduate Program in Interdisciplinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA;
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18
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So EY, Sun C, Wu KQ, Dubielecka PM, Reginato AM, Liang OD. Inhibition of lipid phosphatase SHIP1 expands myeloid-derived suppressor cells and attenuates rheumatoid arthritis in mice. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 321:C569-C584. [PMID: 34288720 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00433.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a debilitating autoimmune disease of unknown cause, characterized by infiltration and accumulation of activated immune cells in the synovial joints where cartilage and bone destructions occur. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are of myeloid origin and are able to suppress T cell responses. Src homology 2 domain containing inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase 1 (SHIP1) was shown to be involved in the regulation of MDSC differentiation. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of inhibition of SHIP1 on expansion of MDSCs in RA using a collagen-induced inflammatory arthritis (CIA) mouse model. In DBA/1 mice treatment with a small molecule specific SHIP1 inhibitor 3α-aminocholestane (3AC) induced a marked expansion of MDSCs in vivo. Both pre-treatment with 3AC of DBA/1 mice prior to CIA induction and intervention with 3AC during CIA progression significantly reduced disease incidence and severity. Adoptive transfer of MDSCs isolated from 3AC-treated mice, but not naïve MDSCs from normal mice, into CIA mice significantly reduced disease incidence and severity, indicating that the 3AC-induced MDSCs were the cellular mediators of the observed amelioration of the disease. In conclusion, inhibition of SHIP1 expands MDSCs in vivo and attenuates development of CIA in mice. Small molecule specific inhibition of SHIP1 may therefore offer therapeutic benefit to patients with RA and other autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eui-Young So
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
| | - Changqi Sun
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
| | - Keith Q Wu
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
| | - Patrycja M Dubielecka
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
| | - Anthony M Reginato
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
| | - Olin D Liang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
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19
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Ecker V, Stumpf M, Brandmeier L, Neumayer T, Pfeuffer L, Engleitner T, Ringshausen I, Nelson N, Jücker M, Wanninger S, Zenz T, Wendtner C, Manske K, Steiger K, Rad R, Müschen M, Ruland J, Buchner M. Targeted PI3K/AKT-hyperactivation induces cell death in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3526. [PMID: 34112805 PMCID: PMC8192787 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23752-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Current therapeutic approaches for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) focus on the suppression of oncogenic kinase signaling. Here, we test the hypothesis that targeted hyperactivation of the phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate/AKT (PI3K/AKT)-signaling pathway may be leveraged to trigger CLL cell death. Though counterintuitive, our data show that genetic hyperactivation of PI3K/AKT-signaling or blocking the activity of the inhibitory phosphatase SH2-containing-inositol-5'-phosphatase-1 (SHIP1) induces acute cell death in CLL cells. Our mechanistic studies reveal that increased AKT activity upon inhibition of SHIP1 leads to increased mitochondrial respiration and causes excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in cell death in CLL with immunogenic features. Our results demonstrate that CLL cells critically depend on mechanisms to fine-tune PI3K/AKT activity, allowing sustained proliferation and survival but avoid ROS-induced cell death and suggest transient SHIP1-inhibition as an unexpectedly promising concept for CLL therapy.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Death/drug effects
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Disease Progression
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/enzymology
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/genetics
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Transgenic
- Mitochondria/drug effects
- Mitochondria/metabolism
- Oxidative Phosphorylation
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism
- Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-Trisphosphate 5-Phosphatases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-Trisphosphate 5-Phosphatases/genetics
- Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-Trisphosphate 5-Phosphatases/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- RNA, Small Interfering
- RNA-Seq
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Transplantation, Homologous
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Ecker
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- TranslaTUM - Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martina Stumpf
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- TranslaTUM - Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lisa Brandmeier
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- TranslaTUM - Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tanja Neumayer
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- TranslaTUM - Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lisa Pfeuffer
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- TranslaTUM - Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Engleitner
- TranslaTUM - Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ingo Ringshausen
- Wellcome/MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute and Department of Haematology, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nina Nelson
- Institute of Biochemistry and Signal Transduction, Center for Experimental Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Jücker
- Institute of Biochemistry and Signal Transduction, Center for Experimental Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Wanninger
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Thorsten Zenz
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Clemens Wendtner
- Munich Clinic Schwabing, Academic Teaching Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Katrin Manske
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Katja Steiger
- Institute of Pathology, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Roland Rad
- TranslaTUM - Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Müschen
- Center of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jürgen Ruland
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- TranslaTUM - Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Maike Buchner
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
- TranslaTUM - Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
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20
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Mehdi SH, Nafees S, Mehdi SJ, Morris CA, Mashouri L, Yoon D. Animal Models of Multiple Myeloma Bone Disease. Front Genet 2021; 12:640954. [PMID: 34163520 PMCID: PMC8215650 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.640954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a clonal B-cell disorder characterized by the proliferation of malignant plasma cells (PCs) in the bone marrow, the presence of monoclonal serum immunoglobulin, and osteolytic lesions. It is the second most common hematological malignancy and considered an incurable disease despite significant treatment improvements. MM bone disease (MMBD) is defined as the presence of one or more osteolytic bone lesions or diffused osteoporosis with compression fracture attributable to the underlying clonal PC disorder. MMBD causes severe morbidity and increases mortality. Cumulative evidence shows that the interaction of MM cells and bone microenvironment plays a significant role in MM progression, suggesting that these interactions may be good targets for therapy. MM animal models have been developed and studied in various aspects of MM tumorigenesis. In particular, MMBD has been studied in various models, and each model has unique features. As the general features of MM animal models have been reviewed elsewhere, the current review will focus on the features of MMBD animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Hassan Mehdi
- Myeloma Center, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Sana Nafees
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Syed Jafar Mehdi
- Myeloma Center, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Carol A Morris
- Myeloma Center, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Ladan Mashouri
- Myeloma Center, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Donghoon Yoon
- Myeloma Center, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
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21
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Whitfield H, Hemmings AM, Mills SJ, Baker K, White G, Rushworth S, Riley AM, Potter BVL, Brearley CA. Allosteric Site on SHIP2 Identified Through Fluorescent Ligand Screening and Crystallography: A Potential New Target for Intervention. J Med Chem 2021; 64:3813-3826. [PMID: 33724834 PMCID: PMC7610569 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Src homology 2 domain-containing inositol phosphate phosphatase 2 (SHIP2) is one of the 10 human inositol phosphate 5-phosphatases. One of its physiological functions is dephosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate, PtdIns(3,4,5)P3. It is therefore a therapeutic target for pathophysiologies dependent on PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 and PtdIns(3,4)P2. Therapeutic interventions are limited by the dearth of crystallographic data describing ligand/inhibitor binding. An active site-directed fluorescent probe facilitated screening of compound libraries for SHIP2 ligands. With two additional orthogonal assays, several ligands including galloflavin were identified as low micromolar Ki inhibitors. One ligand, an oxo-linked ethylene-bridged dimer of benzene 1,2,4-trisphosphate, was shown to be an uncompetitive inhibitor that binds to a regulatory site on the catalytic domain. We posit that binding of ligands to this site restrains L4 loop motions that are key to interdomain communications that accompany high catalytic activity with phosphoinositide substrate. This site may, therefore, be a future druggable target for medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley Whitfield
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, U.K
| | - Andrew M Hemmings
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, U.K
| | - Stephen J Mills
- Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, U.K
| | - Kendall Baker
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, U.K
| | - Gaye White
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, U.K
| | - Stuart Rushworth
- Department of Molecular Haematology; Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, U.K
| | - Andrew M Riley
- Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, U.K
| | - Barry V L Potter
- Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, U.K
| | - Charles A Brearley
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, U.K
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22
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Zhang J, Zhang Y, Qu B, Yang H, Hu S, Dong X. If small molecules immunotherapy comes, can the prime be far behind? Eur J Med Chem 2021; 218:113356. [PMID: 33773287 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Anti-cancer immunotherapy, which includes cellular immunotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors and cancer vaccines, has transformed the treatment strategies of several malignancies in the past decades. Immune checkpoints blockade (ICB) is the most commonly tested therapy and has the potential to induce a durable immune response in different types of cancers. However, all approved immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), which are fraught with disadvantages including lack of oral bioavailability, prolonged tissue retention and poor membrane permeability. Therefore, the research focus has shifted to developing small molecule inhibitors to obviate the limitations of mAbs. Given the complexity of the tumor micro-environment (TME), the combination of ICIs with various small molecule agonists/inhibitors are currently being tested in clinical trials to improve treatment outcomes and prevent tumor recurrence. In this review, we have summarized the mechanisms and therapeutic potential of several molecular targets, along with the current status of small molecule inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Zhang
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Bingxue Qu
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Haiyan Yang
- Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), PR China; Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, PR China
| | - Shengquan Hu
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China.
| | - Xiaowu Dong
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China; Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China; Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China.
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23
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Targeting SHIP1 and SHIP2 in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040890. [PMID: 33672717 PMCID: PMC7924360 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Phosphoinositol signaling pathways and their dysregulation have been shown to have a fundamental role in health and disease, respectively. The SH2-containing 5′ inositol phosphatases, SHIP1 and SHIP2, are regulators of the PI3K/AKT pathway that have crucial roles in cancer progression. This review aims to summarize the role of SHIP1 and SHIP2 in cancer signaling and the immune response to cancer, the discovery and use of SHIP inhibitors and agonists as possible cancer therapeutics. Abstract Membrane-anchored and soluble inositol phospholipid species are critical mediators of intracellular cell signaling cascades. Alterations in their normal production or degradation are implicated in the pathology of a number of disorders including cancer and pro-inflammatory conditions. The SH2-containing 5′ inositol phosphatases, SHIP1 and SHIP2, play a fundamental role in these processes by depleting PI(3,4,5)P3, but also by producing PI(3,4)P2 at the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane. With the intent of targeting SHIP1 or SHIP2 selectively, or both paralogs simultaneously, small molecule inhibitors and agonists have been developed and tested in vitro and in vivo over the last decade in various disease models. These studies have shown promising results in various pre-clinical models of disease including cancer and tumor immunotherapy. In this review the potential use of SHIP inhibitors in cancer is discussed with particular attention to the molecular structure, binding site and efficacy of these SHIP inhibitors.
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24
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Montaño-Rendón F, Grinstein S, Walpole GFW. Monitoring Phosphoinositide Fluxes and Effectors During Leukocyte Chemotaxis and Phagocytosis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:626136. [PMID: 33614656 PMCID: PMC7890364 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.626136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The dynamic re-organization of cellular membranes in response to extracellular stimuli is fundamental to the cell physiology of myeloid and lymphoid cells of the immune system. In addition to maintaining cellular homeostatic functions, remodeling of the plasmalemma and endomembranes endow leukocytes with the potential to relay extracellular signals across their biological membranes to promote rolling adhesion and diapedesis, migration into the tissue parenchyma, and to ingest foreign particles and effete cells. Phosphoinositides, signaling lipids that control the interface of biological membranes with the external environment, are pivotal to this wealth of functions. Here, we highlight the complex metabolic transitions that occur to phosphoinositides during several stages of the leukocyte lifecycle, namely diapedesis, migration, and phagocytosis. We describe classical and recently developed tools that have aided our understanding of these complex lipids. Finally, major downstream effectors of inositides are highlighted including the cytoskeleton, emphasizing the importance of these rare lipids in immunity and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Montaño-Rendón
- Program in Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sergio Grinstein
- Program in Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Glenn F W Walpole
- Program in Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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25
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Azzi A. Scaffold dependent role of the inositol 5'-phosphatase SHIP2, in regulation of oxidative stress induced apoptosis. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 697:108667. [PMID: 33181128 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cell apoptosis is an important process that occurs during development or in response to stress stimuli such as oxidative stress. The serine-threonine kinase Akt enhances survival and suppress apoptosis. SHIP2 is known as a negative regulator of Akt. In addition to its lipid 5'-phosphatase activity, SHIP2 interacts and signals as a scaffolding complex with several proteins. Several findings have pointed out a possible role of SHIP2 in apoptosis regulation. However, the molecular mechanisms behind remain unknown. Using embryonic fibroblast lacking the lipid 5'-phosphatase domain as a genetic model system and human liver cancer cells treated with SHIP2 inhibitor (AS1949490), as a pharmacological model system. We provide the first evidence that SHIP2 regulates apoptosis independently of its 5'-phosphates activity. Indeed, absence of the 5'-phosphatase domain of SHIP2 did not prevent H2O2-induced apoptosis in fibroblasts. Whereas chemical inactivation or RNAi knockdown of SHIP2 blocked H2O2-induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells. We found that suppression of apoptosis upon SHIP2 inhibition is PI3K/Akt independent but rather MAP kinase dependent. In addition, we found that AS1949490 altered both 5'-phosphatase and scaffolding function of SHIP2. Indeed, AS1949490 mediated SHIP2 inhibition promotes protein complex formation of SHIP2 together with non-receptor tyrosine kinase SRC and ABL which in turn enhances PI3K/Akt and MAP kinase pathways activation. Dual inhibition of SRC/ABL blocked activation of both pathways upon SHIP2 inhibition and H2O2 treatment. Altogether, these findings indicate that SHIP2 protein play a determinant role in H2O2-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelhalim Azzi
- GIGA-Molecular Biology of Disease, GIGA-B34, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sart-Tilman, University of Liège, avenue de l'Hôpital 11, 4000, Liège, Belgium.
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26
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Li S, Zhang H, Xiao J, Yuan T, Shu Z, Min Y, Xu W, Yin Y, Zhang X. Streptococcus pneumoniae Endopeptidase O Promotes the Clearance of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae via SH2 Domain-Containing Inositol Phosphatase 1-Mediated Complement Receptor 3 Upregulation. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:358. [PMID: 32766168 PMCID: PMC7379148 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidences demonstrate that microorganism and their products protect against bacterial and viral pathogens through various mechanisms including immunomodulation. Streptococcus pneumoniae endopeptidase O (PepO), a pneumococcal virulence protein, has been proven to enhance the phagocytosis of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae by macrophages in our previous study, where we detected the down regulation of SH2 domain-containing inositol phosphatase 1 (SHIP1) and the up regulation of complement receptor 3 (CR3) in PepO-stimulated macrophages. In the present study, using SHIP1 over-expression plasmid and CR3 siRNA, we proved that the down regulation of SHIP1 and the up regulation of CR3 mediate the enhanced phagocytosis of S. aureus and S. pneumoniae by PepO-stimulated macrophages. The down regulation of SHIP1 also mediates the up regulation of CR3. To further determine whether PepO protects against respiratory pathogens, we constructed a mouse model with intranasal infection of S. aureus or S. pneumoniae and found that PepO significantly promoted their clearance. The down regulation of SHIP1 and the up regulation of CR3 also play a role in this process. This study provides a new preventive and therapeutic option for respiratory infectious diseases and lays the theoretical basis for the development of PepO as an immunomodulation agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijie Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.,Translational Medicine Research Center, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Jiangming Xiao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Taixian Yuan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhaoche Shu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yajun Min
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenchun Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yibing Yin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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27
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Gozzelino L, De Santis MC, Gulluni F, Hirsch E, Martini M. PI(3,4)P2 Signaling in Cancer and Metabolism. Front Oncol 2020; 10:360. [PMID: 32296634 PMCID: PMC7136497 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The phosphatidylinositide 3 kinases (PI3Ks) and their downstream mediators AKT and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) are central regulators of glycolysis, cancer metabolism, and cancer cell proliferation. At the molecular level, PI3K signaling involves the generation of the second messenger lipids phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate [PI(3,4,5)P3] and phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate [PI(3,4)P2]. There is increasing evidence that PI(3,4)P2 is not only the waste product for the removal of PI(3,4,5)P3 but can also act as a signaling molecule. The selective cellular functions for PI(3,4)P2 independent of PI(3,4,5)P3 have been recently described, including clathrin-mediated endocytosis and mTOR regulation. However, the specific spatiotemporal dynamics and signaling role of PI3K minor lipid messenger PI(3,4)P2 are not well-understood. This review aims at highlighting the biological functions of this lipid downstream of phosphoinositide kinases and phosphatases and its implication in cancer metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Gozzelino
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara De Santis
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Federico Gulluni
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Emilio Hirsch
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Miriam Martini
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
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28
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Nesteruk K, Janmaat VT, Liu H, Ten Hagen TLM, Peppelenbosch MP, Fuhler GM. Forced expression of HOXA13 confers oncogenic hallmarks to esophageal keratinocytes. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165776. [PMID: 32222541 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
HOXA13 overexpression has been detected in human ESCC tissue and high HOXA13 protein expression is correlated with a shorter median survival time in ESCC patients. Although aberrant expression of HOXA13 in ESCC has thus been established, little is known regarding the functional consequences thereof. The present study aimed to examine to what extent aberrant HOXA13 might drive carcinogenesis in esophageal keratinocytes. To this end, we overexpressed HOXA13 in a non-transformed human esophageal cell line EPC2-hTERT, performed gene expression profiling to identify key processes and functions, and performed functional experiments. We found that HOXA13 expression confers oncogenic hallmarks to esophageal keratinocytes. It provides proliferation advantage to keratinocytes, reduces sensitivity to chemical agents, regulates MHC class I expression and differentiation status and promotes cellular migration. Our data indicate a crucial role of HOXA13 at early stages of esophageal carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hui Liu
- Erasmus MC- University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Gwenny M Fuhler
- Erasmus MC- University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands..
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29
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Small molecule targeting of SHIP1 and SHIP2. Biochem Soc Trans 2020; 48:291-300. [DOI: 10.1042/bst20190775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Modulating the activity of the Src Homology 2 (SH2) — containing Inositol 5′-Phosphatase (SHIP) enzyme family with small molecule inhibitors provides a useful and unconventional method of influencing cell signaling in the PI3K pathway. The development of small molecules that selectively target one of the SHIP paralogs (SHIP1 or SHIP2) as well as inhibitors that simultaneously target both enzymes have provided promising data linking the phosphatase activity of the SHIP enzymes to disorders and disease states that are in dire need of new therapeutic targets. These include cancer, immunotherapy, diabetes, obesity, and Alzheimer's disease. In this mini-review, we will provide a brief overview of research in these areas that support targeting SHIP1, SHIP2 or both enzymes for therapeutic purposes.
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30
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Pedicone C, Fernandes S, Dungan OM, Dormann SM, Viernes DR, Adhikari AA, Choi LB, De Jong EP, Chisholm JD, Kerr WG. Pan-SHIP1/2 inhibitors promote microglia effector functions essential for CNS homeostasis. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:jcs238030. [PMID: 31780579 PMCID: PMC10682645 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.238030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We show here that both SHIP1 (Inpp5d) and its paralog SHIP2 (Inppl1) are expressed at protein level in microglia. To examine whether targeting of SHIP paralogs might influence microglial physiology and function, we tested the capacity of SHIP1-selective, SHIP2-selective and pan-SHIP1/2 inhibitors for their ability to impact on microglia proliferation, lysosomal compartment size and phagocytic function. We find that highly potent pan-SHIP1/2 inhibitors can significantly increase lysosomal compartment size, and phagocytosis of dead neurons and amyloid beta (Aβ)1-42 by microglia in vitro We show that one of the more-potent and water-soluble pan-SHIP1/2 inhibitors, K161, can penetrate the blood-brain barrier. Consistent with this, K161 increases the capacity of CNS-resident microglia to phagocytose Aβ and apoptotic neurons following systemic administration. These findings provide the first demonstration that small molecule modulation of microglia function in vivo is feasible, and suggest that dual inhibition of the SHIP1 and 2 paralogs can provide a novel means to enhance basal microglial homeostatic functions for therapeutic purposes in Alzheimer's disease and, possibly, other types of dementia where increased microglial function could be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Pedicone
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Sandra Fernandes
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Otto M Dungan
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Shawn M Dormann
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Dennis R Viernes
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Arijit A Adhikari
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Lydia B Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Ebbing P De Jong
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - John D Chisholm
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - William G Kerr
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
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31
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Lehtonen S. SHIPping out diabetes-Metformin, an old friend among new SHIP2 inhibitors. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2020; 228:e13349. [PMID: 31342643 PMCID: PMC6916339 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
SHIP2 (Src homology 2 domain‐containing inositol 5′‐phosphatase 2) belongs to the family of 5′‐phosphatases. It regulates the phosphoinositide 3‐kinase (PI3K)‐mediated insulin signalling cascade by dephosphorylating the 5′‐position of PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 to generate PtdIns(3,4)P2, suppressing the activity of the pathway. SHIP2 mouse models and genetic studies in human propose that increased expression or activity of SHIP2 contributes to the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome, hypertension and type 2 diabetes. This has raised great interest to identify SHIP2 inhibitors that could be used to design new treatments for metabolic diseases. This review summarizes the central mechanisms associated with the development of diabetic kidney disease, including the role of insulin resistance, and then moves on to describe the function of SHIP2 as a regulator of metabolism in mouse models. Finally, the identification of SHIP2 inhibitors and their effects on metabolic processes in vitro and in vivo are outlined. One of the newly identified SHIP2 inhibitors is metformin, the first‐line medication prescribed to patients with type 2 diabetes, further boosting the attraction of SHIP2 as a treatment target to ameliorate metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanna Lehtonen
- Department of Pathology and Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
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32
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Li X, Miao Y, Pal DS, Devreotes PN. Excitable networks controlling cell migration during development and disease. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2019; 100:133-142. [PMID: 31836289 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The directed movements of individual, groups, or sheets of cells at specific times in particular locations bring about form and complexity to developing organisms. Cells move by extending protrusions, such as macropinosomes, pseudopods, lamellipods, filopods, or blebs. Although many of the cytoskeletal components within these structures are known, less is known about the mechanisms that determine their location, number, and characteristics. Recent evidence suggests that control may be exerted by a signal transduction excitable network whose components and activities, including Ras, PI3K, TorC2, and phosphoinositides, self-organize on the plasma membrane and propagate in waves. The waves drive the various types of protrusions, which in turn, determine the modes of cell migration. Acute perturbations at specific points in the network produce abrupt shifts in protrusion type, including transitions from pseudopods to filopods or lamellipods. These observations have also contributed to a delineation of the signal transduction network, including candidate fast positive and delayed negative feedback loops. The network contains many oncogenes and tumor suppressors, and other molecules which have recently been implicated in developmental and metabolic abnormalities. Thus, the concept of signal transduction network excitability in cell migration can be used to understand disease states and morphological changes occurring in development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguang Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Center for Cell Dynamics, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Yuchuan Miao
- Department of Cell Biology and Center for Cell Dynamics, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Dhiman Sankar Pal
- Department of Cell Biology and Center for Cell Dynamics, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Peter N Devreotes
- Department of Cell Biology and Center for Cell Dynamics, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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33
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Beyond the Cell Surface: Targeting Intracellular Negative Regulators to Enhance T cell Anti-Tumor Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20235821. [PMID: 31756921 PMCID: PMC6929154 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20235821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well established that extracellular proteins that negatively regulate T cell function, such as Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte-Associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and Programmed Cell Death protein 1 (PD-1), can be effectively targeted to enhance cancer immunotherapies and Chimeric Antigen Receptor T cells (CAR-T cells). Intracellular proteins that inhibit T cell receptor (TCR) signal transduction, though less well studied, are also potentially useful therapeutic targets to enhance T cell activity against tumor. Four major classes of enzymes that attenuate TCR signaling include E3 ubiquitin kinases such as the Casitas B-lineage lymphoma proteins (Cbl-b and c-Cbl), and Itchy (Itch), inhibitory tyrosine phosphatases, such as Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatases (SHP-1 and SHP-2), inhibitory protein kinases, such as C-terminal Src kinase (Csk), and inhibitory lipid kinases such as Src homology 2 (SH2) domain-containing inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase (SHIP) and Diacylglycerol kinases (DGKs). This review describes the mechanism of action of eighteen intracellular inhibitory regulatory proteins in T cells within these four classes, and assesses their potential value as clinical targets to enhance the anti-tumor activity of endogenous T cells and CAR-T cells.
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34
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Kerr WG, Chisholm JD. The Next Generation of Immunotherapy for Cancer: Small Molecules Could Make Big Waves. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 202:11-19. [PMID: 30587569 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
After decades of intense effort, therapeutics that leverage the immune system to fight cancer have now been conclusively demonstrated to be effective. Immuno-oncology has arrived and will play a key role in the treatment of cancer for the foreseeable future. However, the search for novel methods to improve immune responses to cancer continues unabated. Toward this end, small molecules that can either reduce immune suppression in the tumor milieu or enhance activation of cytotoxic lymphocyte responses to the tumor are actively being pursued. Such novel treatment strategies might be used as monotherapies or combined with other cancer therapies to increase and broaden their efficacy. In this article, we provide an overview of small molecule immunotherapeutic approaches for the treatment of cancer. Over the next decade and beyond, these approaches could further enhance our ability to harness the immune system to combat cancer and thus become additional weapons in the oncologist's armory.
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Affiliation(s)
- William G Kerr
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210; .,Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244; and.,Department of Pediatrics, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210
| | - John D Chisholm
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244; and
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Su KJ, Yu YL. Downregulation of SHIP2 by Hepatitis B Virus X Promotes the Metastasis and Chemoresistance of Hepatocellular Carcinoma through SKP2. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11081065. [PMID: 31357665 PMCID: PMC6721294 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11081065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV)-encoded X protein (HBx) plays an important role in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The protein SH2 domain containing inositol 5-phosphatase 2 (SHIP2) belongs to the family of enzymes that dephosphorylate the 5 position of PI(3,4,5)P3 to produce PI(3,4)P2. Expression of SHIP2 has been associated with several cancers including HCC. However, its role in the development of HBV-related HCC remains elusive. In this study, we performed tissue microarray analysis using 49 cases of HCC to explore SHIP2 expression changes and found that SHIP2 was downregulated in HBV-positive HCC. In addition, S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 (SKP2), a component of the E3 ubiquitin–ligase complex, was increased in HCC cell lines that overexpressed HBx, which also showed a notable accumulation of polyubiquitinated SHIP2. Moreover, HCC cells with silenced SHIP2 had increased expression of mesenchymal markers, which promotes cell migration, enhances glucose uptake, and leads to resistance to the chemotherapy drug (5-Fluorouracil, 5-FU). Taken together, our results demonstrate that HBx downregulates SHIP2 through SKP2 and suggest a potential role for SHIP2 in HBx-mediated HCC migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Jung Su
- The Ph.D. Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, China Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Luen Yu
- The Ph.D. Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, China Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
- Drug Development Center, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan.
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Ijuin T. Phosphoinositide phosphatases in cancer cell dynamics-Beyond PI3K and PTEN. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 59:50-65. [PMID: 30922959 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Phosphoinositides are a group of lipids that regulate intracellular signaling and subcellular biological events. The signaling by phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate and Akt mediates the action of growth factors that are essential for cell proliferation, gene transcription, cell migration, and polarity. The hyperactivation of this signaling has been identified in different cancer cells; and, it has been implicated in oncogenic transformation and cancer cell malignancy. Recent studies have argued the role of phosphoinositides in cancer cell dynamics, including actin cytoskeletal rearrangement at the plasma membrane and the organization of intracellular compartments. The focus of this review is to summarize the impact of the activities of phosphoinositide phosphatases on intracellular signaling related to cancer cell dynamics and to discuss how the abnormalities in the activities of the enzymes alter the levels of phosphoinositides in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Ijuin
- Division of Biochemistry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki, Chu-o, Kobe 650-0017, Japan.
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Ramos AR, Ghosh S, Dedobbeleer M, Robe PA, Rogister B, Erneux C. Lipid phosphatases SKIP and SHIP2 regulate fibronectin-dependent cell migration in glioblastoma. FEBS J 2019; 286:1120-1135. [PMID: 30695232 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cell migration is an important process that occurs during development and has also been linked to the motility of cancer cells. Cytoskeleton reorganization takes place in the migration process leading to lamellipodia formation. Understanding the molecular underpinnings of cell migration is particularly important in studies of glioblastoma, a highly invasive and aggressive cancer type. Two members of the phosphoinositide 5-phosphatase family, SKIP and SHIP2, have been associated with cell migration in glioblastoma; however, the precise role these enzymes play in the process-and whether they work in concert-remains unclear. Here, we compared phosphoinositide 5-phosphatases expression in glioblastoma primary cells and cell lines and showed that SHIP2 and SKIP expression greatly varies between different cell types, while OCRL, another phosphoinositide 5-phosphatase, is constitutively expressed. Upon adhesion of U-251 MG cells to fibronectin, SHIP2, SKIP, and PI(4,5)P2 colocalized in membrane ruffles. Upregulation of PI(4,5)P2 was observed in SKIP-depleted U-251 MG cells compared to control cells, but only when cells were adhered to fibronectin. Both PTEN-deficient (U-251) and PTEN-containing (LN229) glioblastoma cells showed a decrease in cell migration velocity in response to SKIP downregulation. Moreover, a SHIP2 catalytic inhibitor lowered cell migration velocity in the U-251 MG cell line. We conclude that integrin activation in U-251 cells leads to colocalization of both SKIP and SHIP2 in ruffles, where they act as potential drivers of cell migration. Depending on their expression levels in glioblastoma, phosphoinositide 5-phosphatases could cooperate and synergize in the regulation of cell migration and adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Pierre A Robe
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Utrecht University Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | - Bernard Rogister
- GIGA-Neurosciences Research Center, Université de Liège, Belgium
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Zhang R, Li J, Yan X, Jin K, Li W, Liu X, Zhao J, Shang W, Zhao X. Long non‑coding RNA MLK7‑AS1 promotes proliferation in human colorectal cancer via downregulation of p21 expression. Mol Med Rep 2018; 19:1210-1221. [PMID: 30535460 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Current studies have highlighted long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as critical regulators in various cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). By utilizing publicly available data from The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset, MLK7 antisense RNA 1 (MLK7‑AS1) was identified as a novel lncRNA that correlated with CRC progression. The results of reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR) revealed a significant upregulation of MLK7‑AS1 in both CRC tissue samples and cell lines. In addition, a positive correlation was observed between increased MLK7‑AS1 expression and several clinicopathological factors in patients with CRC. Importantly, MLK7‑AS1 knockdown suppressed CRC cell proliferation and promoted G1/G0 phase arrest and apoptosis in vitro, whereas MLK7‑AS1 overexpression exhibited opposite effects. Consistently, decreased MLK7‑AS1 expression inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Furthermore, RT‑qPCR and western blot assays revealed that p21 may be a potential downstream target of MLK7‑AS1. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study to report that MLK7‑AS1 has potential as a biomarker and may promote proliferation in CRC partially through downregulating p21 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, P.R. China
| | - Jibin Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofei Yan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, P.R. China
| | - Keer Jin
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, P.R. China
| | - Wenya Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, P.R. China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, P.R. China
| | - Jianfeng Zhao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, P.R. China
| | - Wen Shang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, P.R. China
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So EY, Sun C, Reginato AM, Dubielecka PM, Ouchi T, Liang OD. Loss of lipid phosphatase SHIP1 promotes macrophage differentiation through suppression of dendritic cell differentiation. Cancer Biol Ther 2018; 20:201-211. [PMID: 30277839 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2018.1523846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
SH2-containing inositol 5'-phosphatase-1 (SHIP1) deficiency in mice results in abnormal myeloid expansion, and proinflammatory conditions in the lung. However, the mechanisms involved in SHIP1-mediated regulation of myeloid differentiation remain unclear. Here we show that SHIP1 is a key regulator of early differentiation for dendritic cells (DCs). We also provide critical evidence to modify the function of SHIP1 in in vitro development of BMDCs using the recent framework of defining DCs. We found that loss of SHIP1 suppresses GM-CSF-induced formation of bone marrow-derived DC (BMDC) colonies, leading to reduced BMDC number in BM cell culture. The number of maturated BMDCs decreased in SHIP1-KO culture, due to reduction of immature BMDCs, suggesting SHIP1 is critical for lineage commitment rather than for maturation from myeloid precursors to DCs. We further showed that F4/80+/MHCIIlow BM macrophage-like cells (BMMs) were the main population of SHIP1-KO BM culture. Treatment of wild-type BM culture with 3 α-aminocholestane (3AC), a specific inhibitor for functional activity of SHIP1, caused a similar developmental defect in BMDCs as seen in SHIP1-KO cells, resulting in the absence of BMDC colony, and increased number of BMMs in BM culture. In conclusion, our results suggest that differentiation of BMDCs are markedly impaired under SHIP1 deficient condition, which causes skewed development of myeloid lineage cells manifested as pathological conditions associated with an excess of macrophage population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eui Young So
- a Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital , Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University , Providence , USA
| | - Changqi Sun
- b Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital , Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University , Providence , USA
| | - Anthony M Reginato
- b Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital , Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University , Providence , USA
| | - Patrycia M Dubielecka
- a Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital , Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University , Providence , USA
| | - Toru Ouchi
- c Department of Cancer Genetics , Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo , USA
| | - Olin D Liang
- a Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital , Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University , Providence , USA
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40
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Ramos AR, Ghosh S, Erneux C. The impact of phosphoinositide 5-phosphatases on phosphoinositides in cell function and human disease. J Lipid Res 2018; 60:276-286. [PMID: 30194087 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.r087908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphoinositides (PIs) are recognized as major signaling molecules in many different functions of eukaryotic cells. PIs can be dephosphorylated by multiple phosphatase activities at the 5-, 4-, and 3- positions. Human PI 5-phosphatases belong to a family of 10 members. Except for inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase A, they all catalyze the dephosphorylation of PI(4,5)P2 and/or PI(3,4,5)P3 at the 5- position. PI 5-phosphatases thus directly control the levels of PI(3,4,5)P3 and participate in the fine-tuning regulatory mechanisms of PI(3,4)P2 and PI(4,5)P2 Second messenger functions have been demonstrated for PI(3,4)P2 in invadopodium maturation and lamellipodia formation. PI 5-phosphatases can use several substrates on isolated enzymes, and it has been challenging to establish their real substrate in vivo. PI(4,5)P2 has multiple functions in signaling, including interacting with scaffold proteins, ion channels, and cytoskeleton proteins. PI 5-phosphatase isoenzymes have been individually implicated in human diseases, such as the oculocerebrorenal syndrome of Lowe, through mechanisms that include lipid control. Oncogenic and tumor-suppressive functions of PI 5-phosphatases have also been reported in different cell contexts. The mechanisms responsible for genetic diseases and for oncogenic or tumor-suppressive functions are not fully understood. The regulation of PI 5-phosphatases is thus crucial in understanding cell functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Raquel Ramos
- Interdisciplinary Research Institute (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Somadri Ghosh
- Interdisciplinary Research Institute (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christophe Erneux
- Interdisciplinary Research Institute (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
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41
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Nuclear accumulation of SHIP1 mutants derived from AML patients leads to increased proliferation of leukemic cells. Cell Signal 2018; 49:87-94. [PMID: 29852247 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The inositol 5-phosphatase SHIP1 acts as negative regulator of intracellular signaling in myeloid cells and is a tumor suppressor in myeloid leukemogenesis. After relocalization from the cytoplasm to the plasma membrane SHIP1 terminates PI3-kinase mediated signaling processes. Furthermore, SHIP1 is also found in distinct puncta in the cell nucleus and nuclear SHIP1 has a pro-proliferative function. Here we report the identification of five nuclear export signals (NESs) which regulate together with the two known nuclear localization signals (NLSs) the nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of SHIP1. Mutation of NLSs reduced the nuclear import and mutation of NESs decreased the nuclear export of SHIP1 in the acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell line UKE-1. Interestingly, four SHIP1 mutants (K210R, N508D, V684E, Q1153L) derived from AML patients showed a nuclear accumulation after expression in UKE-1 cells. In addition, overexpression of the AML patient-derived mutation N508D caused an increased proliferation rate of UKE-1 cells in comparison to wild type SHIP1. Furthermore, we identified serine and tyrosine phosphorylation as a molecular mechanism for the regulation of nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of SHIP1 where tyrosine phosphorylation of distinct residues i.e. Y864, Y914, Y1021 reduces nuclear localization, whereas serine phosphorylation at S933 enhances nuclear localization of SHIP1. In summary, our data further implicate nuclear SHIP1 in cellular signaling and suggest that enhanced accumulation of SHIP1 mutants in the nucleus may be a contributory factor of abnormally high proliferation of AML cells.
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42
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Fernandes S, Srivastava N, Sudan R, Middleton FA, Shergill AK, Ryan JC, Kerr WG. SHIP1 Deficiency in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Is Associated With Severe Crohn's Disease and Peripheral T Cell Reduction. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1100. [PMID: 29872435 PMCID: PMC5972310 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In our previous study, we observed a severe reduction in the Src homology 2-containing-inositol-phosphatase-1 (SHIP1) protein in a subpopulation of subjects from a small adult Crohn’s Disease (CD) cohort. This pilot study had been undertaken since we had previously demonstrated that engineered deficiency of SHIP1 in mice results in a spontaneous and severe CD-like ileitis. Here, we extend our analysis of SHIP1 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in a second much larger adult Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) cohort, comprised of both CD and Ulcerative Colitis patients, to assess contribution of SHIP1 to the pathogenesis of human IBD. SHIP1 protein and mRNA levels were evaluated from blood samples obtained from IBD subjects seen at UCSF/SFVA, and compared to healthy control samples. Western blot analyses revealed that ~15% of the IBD subjects are severely SHIP1-deficient, with less than 10% of normal SHIP1 protein present in PBMC. Further analyses by flow cytometry and sequencing were performed on secondary samples obtained from the same subjects. Pan-hematolymphoid SHIP1 deficiency was a stable phenotype and was not due to coding changes in the INPP5D gene. A very strong association between SHIP1 deficiency and the presence of a novel SHIP1:ATG16L1 fusion transcript was seen. Similar to SHIP1-deficient mice, SHIP1-deficient subjects had reduced numbers of circulating CD4+ T cell numbers. Finally, SHIP1-deficient subjects with CD had a history of severe disease requiring multiple surgeries. These studies reveal that the SHIP1 protein is crucial for normal T cell homeostasis in both humans and mice, and that it is also a potential therapeutic and/or diagnostic target in human IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Fernandes
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Neetu Srivastava
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Raki Sudan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Frank A Middleton
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Amandeep K Shergill
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - James C Ryan
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.,Division of Gastroenterology, Medicine, US Department of Veterans Affairs, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - William G Kerr
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
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Hoekstra E, Das AM, Willemsen M, Swets M, Kuppen PJK, van der Woude CJ, Bruno MJ, Shah JP, Ten Hagen TLM, Chisholm JD, Kerr WG, Peppelenbosch MP, Fuhler GM. Lipid phosphatase SHIP2 functions as oncogene in colorectal cancer by regulating PKB activation. Oncotarget 2018; 7:73525-73540. [PMID: 27716613 PMCID: PMC5341996 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cause of cancer-related death, encouraging the search for novel therapeutic targets affecting tumor cell proliferation and migration. These cellular processes are under tight control of two opposing groups of enzymes; kinases and phosphatases. Aberrant activity of kinases is observed in many forms of cancer and as phosphatases counteract such "oncogenic" kinases, it is generally assumed that phosphatases function as tumor suppressors. However, emerging evidence suggests that the lipid phosphatase SH2-domain-containing 5 inositol phosphatase (SHIP2), encoded by the INPPL1 gene, may act as an oncogene. Just like the well-known tumor suppressor gene Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog (PTEN) it hydrolyses phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5) triphosphate (PI(3,4,5)P3). However, unlike PTEN, the reaction product is PI(3,4)P2, which is required for full activation of the downstream protein kinase B (PKB/Akt), suggesting that SHIP2, in contrast to PTEN, could have a tumor initiating role through PKB activation. In this work, we investigated the role of SHIP2 in colorectal cancer. We found that SHIP2 and INPPL1 expression is increased in colorectal cancer tissue in comparison to adjacent normal tissue, and this is correlated with decreased patient survival. Moreover, SHIP2 is more active in colorectal cancer tissue, suggesting that SHIP2 can induce oncogenesis in colonic epithelial cells. Furthermore, in vitro experiments performed on colorectal cancer cell lines shows an oncogenic role for SHIP2, by enhancing chemoresistance, cell migration, and cell invasion. Together, these data indicate that SHIP2 expression contributes to the malignant potential of colorectal cancer, providing a possible target in the fight against this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elmer Hoekstra
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Asha M Das
- Department of Surgery, Section Surgical Oncology, Laboratory Experimental Surgical Oncology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marcella Willemsen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marloes Swets
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Peter J K Kuppen
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Christien J van der Woude
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marco J Bruno
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jigisha P Shah
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
| | - Timo L M Ten Hagen
- Department of Surgery, Section Surgical Oncology, Laboratory Experimental Surgical Oncology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - John D Chisholm
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
| | - William G Kerr
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
| | - Maikel P Peppelenbosch
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gwenny M Fuhler
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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44
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Dobranowski P, Sly LM. SHIP negatively regulates type II immune responses in mast cells and macrophages. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 103:1053-1064. [PMID: 29345374 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3mir0817-340r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
SHIP is a hematopoietic-specific lipid phosphatase that dephosphorylates PI3K-generated PI(3,4,5)-trisphosphate. SHIP removes this second messenger from the cell membrane blunting PI3K activity in immune cells. Thus, SHIP negatively regulates mast cell activation downstream of multiple receptors. SHIP has been referred to as the "gatekeeper" of mast cell degranulation as loss of SHIP dramatically increases degranulation or permits degranulation in response to normally inert stimuli. SHIP also negatively regulates Mϕ activation, including both pro-inflammatory cytokine production downstream of pattern recognition receptors, and alternative Mϕ activation by the type II cytokines, IL-4, and IL-13. In the SHIP-deficient (SHIP-/- ) mouse, increased mast cell and Mϕ activation leads to spontaneous inflammatory pathology at mucosal sites, which is characterized by high levels of type II inflammatory cytokines. SHIP-/- mast cells and Mϕs have both been implicated in driving inflammation in the SHIP-/- mouse lung. SHIP-/- Mϕs drive Crohn's disease-like intestinal inflammation and fibrosis, which is dependent on heightened responses to innate immune stimuli generating IL-1, and IL-4 inducing abundant arginase I. Both lung and gut pathology translate to human disease as low SHIP levels and activity have been associated with allergy and with Crohn's disease in people. In this review, we summarize seminal literature and recent advances that provide insight into SHIP's role in mast cells and Mϕs, the contribution of these cell types to pathology in the SHIP-/- mouse, and describe how these findings translate to human disease and potential therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Dobranowski
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Laura M Sly
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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45
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Brocqueville G, Chmelar RS, Bauderlique-Le Roy H, Deruy E, Tian L, Vessella RL, Greenberg NM, Rohrschneider LR, Bourette RP. s-SHIP expression identifies a subset of murine basal prostate cells as neonatal stem cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:29228-44. [PMID: 27081082 PMCID: PMC5045392 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Isolation of prostate stem cells (PSCs) is crucial for understanding their biology during normal development and tumorigenesis. In this aim, we used a transgenic mouse model expressing GFP from the stem cell-specific s-SHIP promoter to mark putative stem cells during postnatal prostate development. Here we show that cells identified by GFP expression are present transiently during early prostate development and localize to the basal cell layer of the epithelium. These prostate GFP+ cells are a subpopulation of the Lin- CD24+ Sca-1+ CD49f+ cells and are capable of self-renewal together with enhanced growth potential in sphere-forming assay in vitro, a phenotype consistent with that of a PSC population. Transplantation assays of prostate GFP+ cells demonstrate reconstitution of prostate ducts containing both basal and luminal cells in renal grafts. Altogether, these results demonstrate that s-SHIP promoter expression is a new marker for neonatal basal prostate cells exhibiting stem cell properties that enables PSCs in situ identification and isolation via a single consistent parameter. Transcriptional profiling of these GFP+ neonatal stem cells showed an increased expression of several components of the Wnt signaling pathway. It also identified stem cell regulators with potential applications for further analyses of normal and cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Brocqueville
- University of Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8161-M3T-Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis and Targeted Therapies, SIRIC ONCOLille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Renee S Chmelar
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Hélène Bauderlique-Le Roy
- University of Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8161-M3T-Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis and Targeted Therapies, SIRIC ONCOLille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Emeric Deruy
- BioImaging Center Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Lu Tian
- University of Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8161-M3T-Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis and Targeted Therapies, SIRIC ONCOLille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Robert L Vessella
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Norman M Greenberg
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.,Present address: NMG Scientific Consulting, North Potomac, MD 20878, USA
| | - Larry R Rohrschneider
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Roland P Bourette
- University of Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8161-M3T-Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis and Targeted Therapies, SIRIC ONCOLille, F-59000 Lille, France
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46
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Baranov MV, Revelo NH, Dingjan I, Maraspini R, Ter Beest M, Honigmann A, van den Bogaart G. SWAP70 Organizes the Actin Cytoskeleton and Is Essential for Phagocytosis. Cell Rep 2017; 17:1518-1531. [PMID: 27806292 PMCID: PMC5149533 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Actin plays a critical role during the early stages of pathogenic microbe internalization by immune cells. In this study, we identified a key mechanism of actin filament tethering and stabilization to the surface of phagosomes in human dendritic cells. We found that the actin-binding protein SWAP70 is specifically recruited to nascent phagosomes by binding to the lipid phosphatidylinositol (3,4)-bisphosphate. Multi-color super-resolution stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy revealed that the actin cage surrounding early phagosomes is formed by multiple concentric rings containing SWAP70. SWAP70 colocalized with and stimulated activation of RAC1, a known activator of actin polymerization, on phagosomes. Genetic ablation of SWAP70 impaired actin polymerization around phagosomes and resulted in a phagocytic defect. These data show a key role for SWAP70 as a scaffold for tethering the peripheral actin cage to phagosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maksim V Baranov
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Geert Grooteplein 28, 6525GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Natalia H Revelo
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Geert Grooteplein 28, 6525GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ilse Dingjan
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Geert Grooteplein 28, 6525GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Riccardo Maraspini
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Ter Beest
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Geert Grooteplein 28, 6525GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Alf Honigmann
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Geert van den Bogaart
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Geert Grooteplein 28, 6525GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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47
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IVIG activates FcγRIIB-SHIP1-PIP3 Pathway to stabilize mast cells and suppress inflammation after ICH in mice. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15583. [PMID: 29138419 PMCID: PMC5686215 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15455-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), the activation of mast cell contributes to brain inflammation and brain injury. The mast cell activation is negatively regulated by an inhibitory IgG-receptor. It's signals are mediated by SHIP (Src homology 2-containing inositol 5' phosphatase), in particular SHIP1, which activation leads to hydrolyzation of PIP3 (Phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4,5)P3, leading to the inhibition of calcium mobilization and to the attenuation of mast cell activation. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is a FDA-approved drug containing IgG. We hypothesized that IVIG will attenuate the ICH-induced mast cell activation via FcγRIIB/SHIP1 pathway, resulting in a decrease of brain inflammation, protection of the blood-brain-barrier, and improvement of neurological functions after ICH. To prove this hypothesis we employed the ICH collagenase mouse model. We demonstrated that while ICH induced mast cell activation/degranulation, IVIG attenuated post-ICH mast cell activation. Mast cell deactivation resulted in reduced inflammation, consequently attenuating brain edema and improving of neurological functions after ICH. Furthermore using siRNA-induced in vivo knockdown approach we demonstrated that beneficial effects of IVIG were mediated, at least partly, via SHIP1/PIP3 pathway. We conclude that IVIG treatment represents a promising therapeutic approach potentially able to decrease mortality and morbidity after ICH in experimental models.
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48
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Gumbleton M, Sudan R, Fernandes S, Engelman RW, Russo CM, Chisholm JD, Kerr WG. Dual enhancement of T and NK cell function by pulsatile inhibition of SHIP1 improves antitumor immunity and survival. Sci Signal 2017; 10:10/500/eaam5353. [PMID: 29018171 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aam5353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The success of immunotherapy in some cancer patients has revealed the profound capacity for cytotoxic lymphocytes to eradicate malignancies. Various immunotherapies work by blocking key checkpoint proteins that suppress immune cell activity. The phosphatase SHIP1 (SH2-containing inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase) limits signaling from receptors that activate natural killer (NK) cells and T cells. However, unexpectedly, genetic ablation studies have shown that the effector functions of SHIP1-deficient NK and T cells are compromised in vivo. Because chronic activation of immune cells renders them less responsive to activating signals (a host mechanism to avoid autoimmunity), we hypothesized that the failure of SHIP1 inhibition to induce antitumor immunity in those studies was caused by the permanence of genetic ablation. Accordingly, we found that reversible and pulsatile inhibition of SHIP1 with 3-α-aminocholestane (3AC; "SHIPi") increased the antitumor response of NK and CD8+ T cells in vitro and in vivo. Transient SHIP1 inhibition in mouse models of lymphoma and colon cancer improved the median and long-term tumor-free survival rates. Adoptive transfer assays showed evidence of immunological memory to the tumor in hematolymphoid cells from SHIPi-treated, long-term surviving mice. The findings suggest that a pulsatile regimen of SHIP1 inhibition might be an effective immunotherapy in some cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Gumbleton
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Raki Sudan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Sandra Fernandes
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Robert W Engelman
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.,H. Lee Moffitt Comprehensive Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | | | - John D Chisholm
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - William G Kerr
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA. .,Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA.,Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
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49
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Pauls SD, Marshall AJ. Regulation of immune cell signaling by SHIP1: A phosphatase, scaffold protein, and potential therapeutic target. Eur J Immunol 2017; 47:932-945. [PMID: 28480512 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201646795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The phosphoinositide phosphatase SHIP is a critical regulator of immune cell activation. Despite considerable study, the mechanisms controlling SHIP activity to ensure balanced cell activation remain incompletely understood. SHIP dampens BCR signaling in part through its association with the inhibitory coreceptor Fc gamma receptor IIB, and serves as an effector for other inhibitory receptors in various immune cell types. The established paradigm emphasizes SHIP's inhibitory receptor-dependent function in regulating phosphoinositide 3-kinase signaling by dephosphorylating the phosphoinositide PI(3,4,5)P3 ; however, substantial evidence indicates that SHIP can be activated independently of inhibitory receptors and can function as an intrinsic brake on activation signaling. Here, we integrate historical and recent reports addressing the regulation and function of SHIP in immune cells, which together indicate that SHIP acts as a multifunctional protein controlled by multiple regulatory inputs, and influences downstream signaling via both phosphatase-dependent and -independent means. We further summarize accumulated evidence regarding the functions of SHIP in B cells, T cells, NK cells, dendritic cells, mast cells, and macrophages, and data suggesting defective expression or activity of SHIP in autoimmune and malignant disorders. Lastly, we discuss the biological activities, therapeutic promise, and limitations of small molecule modulators of SHIP enzymatic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha D Pauls
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Aaron J Marshall
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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50
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Thomas MP, Erneux C, Potter BVL. SHIP2: Structure, Function and Inhibition. Chembiochem 2017; 18:233-247. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201600541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark P. Thomas
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology; University of Bath; Claverton Down Bath BA2 7AY UK
| | - Christophe Erneux
- I.R.I.B.H.M.; Université Libre de Bruxelles; Campus Erasme 808 Route de Lennik 1070 Brussels Belgium
| | - Barry V. L. Potter
- Drug Discovery and Medicinal Chemistry; Department of Pharmacology; University of Oxford; Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3QT UK
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