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Deogharia M, Gurha P. Epigenetic regulation of heart failure. Curr Opin Cardiol 2024; 39:371-379. [PMID: 38606626 PMCID: PMC11150090 DOI: 10.1097/hco.0000000000001150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The studies on chromatin-modifying enzymes and how they respond to different stimuli within the cell have revolutionized our understanding of epigenetics. In this review, we provide an overview of the recent studies on epigenetic mechanisms implicated in heart failure. RECENT FINDINGS We focus on the major mechanisms and the conceptual advances in epigenetics as evidenced by studies in humans and mouse models of heart failure. The significance of epigenetic modifications and the enzymes that catalyze them is also discussed. New findings from the studies of histone lysine demethylases demonstrate their significance in regulating fetal gene expression, as well as their aberrant expression in adult hearts during HF. Similarly, the relevance of histone deacetylases inhibition in heart failure and the role of HDAC6 in cardio-protection are discussed. Finally, the role of LMNA (lamin A/C), a nuclear membrane protein that interacts with chromatin to form hundreds of large chromatin domains known as lamin-associated domains (LADs), and 3D genome structure in epigenetic regulation of gene expression and heart failure is discussed. SUMMARY Epigenetic modifications provide a mechanism for responding to stress and environmental variation, enabling reactions to both external and internal stimuli, and their dysregulation can be pathological as in heart failure. To gain a thorough understanding of the pathological mechanisms and to aid in the development of targeted treatments for heart failure, future research on studying the combined effects of numerous epigenetic changes and the structure of chromatin is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Deogharia
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Texas, USA
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Xie J, Lin H, Zuo A, Shao J, Sun W, Wang S, Song J, Yao W, Luo Y, Sun J, Wang M. The JMJD family of histone demethylase and their intimate links to cardiovascular disease. Cell Signal 2024; 116:111046. [PMID: 38242266 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
The incidence rate and mortality rate of cardiovascular disease rank first in the world. It is associated with various high-risk factors, and there is no single cause. Epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation or histone modification, actively participate in the initiation and development of cardiovascular diseases. Histone lysine methylation is a type of histone post-translational modification. The human Jumonji C domain (JMJD) protein family consists of more than 30 members. JMJD proteins participate in many key nuclear processes and play a key role in the specific regulation of gene expression, DNA damage and repair, and DNA replication. Importantly, increasing evidence shows that JMJD proteins are abnormally expressed in cardiovascular diseases, which may be a potential mechanism for the occurrence and development of these diseases. Here, we discuss the key roles of JMJD proteins in various common cardiovascular diseases. This includes histone lysine demethylase, which has been studied in depth, and less-studied JMJD members. Furthermore, we focus on the epigenetic changes induced by each JMJD member, summarize recent research progress, and evaluate their relationship with cardiovascular diseases and therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarun Xie
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Haoyu Lin
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Anna Zuo
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Junqiao Shao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Shaoting Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jianda Song
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Wang Yao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yanyu Luo
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jia Sun
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China.
| | - Ming Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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Wu KJ, Chen Q, Leung CH, Sun N, Gao F, Chen Z. Recent discoveries of the role of histone modifications and related inhibitors in pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:103878. [PMID: 38211819 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2024.103878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Pathological cardiac hypertrophy is a common response of the heart to various pathological stimuli. In recent years, various histone modifications, including acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation and ubiquitination, have been identified to have crucial roles in regulating chromatin remodeling and cardiac hypertrophy. Novel drugs targeting these epigenetic changes have emerged as potential treatments for pathological cardiac hypertrophy. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of the roles of histone modifications in regulating the development of pathological cardiac hypertrophy, and discuss potential therapeutic targets that could be utilized for its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Jia Wu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu 214082, PR China
| | - Qi Chen
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu 214082, PR China
| | - Chung-Hang Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa 999078, Macau; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa 999078, Macau; Macao Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Taipa 999078, Macau; MoE Frontiers Science Centre for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Taipa 999078, Macau.
| | - Ning Sun
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu 214082, PR China.
| | - Fei Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, PR China.
| | - Zhaoyang Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xin-Quan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, PR China.
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Pane R, Laib L, Formoso K, Détrait M, Sainte-Marie Y, Bourgailh F, Ruffenach N, Faugeras H, Simon I, Lhuillier E, Lezoualc'h F, Conte C. Macromolecular Complex Including MLL3, Carabin and Calcineurin Regulates Cardiac Remodeling. Circ Res 2024; 134:100-113. [PMID: 38084599 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.323458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac hypertrophy is an intermediate stage in the development of heart failure. The structural and functional processes occurring in cardiac hypertrophy include extensive gene reprogramming, which is dependent on epigenetic regulation and chromatin remodeling. However, the chromatin remodelers and their regulatory functions involved in the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy are not well characterized. METHODS Protein interaction was determined by immunoprecipitation assay in primary cardiomyocytes and mouse cardiac samples subjected or not to transverse aortic constriction for 1 week. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and DNA sequencing (ChIP-seq) experiments were performed on the chromatin of adult mouse cardiomyocytes. RESULTS We report that the calcium-activated protein phosphatase CaN (calcineurin), its endogenous inhibitory protein carabin, the STK24 (STE20-like protein kinase 3), and the histone monomethyltransferase, MLL3 (mixed lineage leukemia 3) form altogether a macromolecular complex at the chromatin of cardiomyocytes. Under basal conditions, carabin prevents CaN activation while the serine/threonine kinase STK24 maintains MLL3 inactive via phosphorylation. After 1 week of transverse aortic constriction, both carabin and STK24 are released from the CaN-MLL3 complex leading to the activation of CaN, dephosphorylation of MLL3, and in turn, histone H3 lysine 4 monomethylation. Selective cardiac MLL3 knockdown mitigates hypertrophy, and chromatin immunoprecipitation and DNA sequencing analysis demonstrates that MLL3 is de novo recruited at the transcriptional start site of genes implicated in cardiomyopathy in stress conditions. We also show that CaN and MLL3 colocalize at chromatin and that CaN activates MLL3 histone methyl transferase activity at distal intergenic regions under hypertrophic conditions. CONCLUSIONS Our study reveals an unsuspected epigenetic mechanism of CaN that directly regulates MLL3 histone methyl transferase activity to promote cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Pane
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Inserm, Université de Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, France (R.P., L.L., K.F., M.D.., Y.S.-M., F.B., N.R., H.F., I.S., E.L., F.L., C.C.)
| | - Loubna Laib
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Inserm, Université de Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, France (R.P., L.L., K.F., M.D.., Y.S.-M., F.B., N.R., H.F., I.S., E.L., F.L., C.C.)
| | - Karina Formoso
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Inserm, Université de Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, France (R.P., L.L., K.F., M.D.., Y.S.-M., F.B., N.R., H.F., I.S., E.L., F.L., C.C.)
| | - Maximin Détrait
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Inserm, Université de Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, France (R.P., L.L., K.F., M.D.., Y.S.-M., F.B., N.R., H.F., I.S., E.L., F.L., C.C.)
| | - Yannis Sainte-Marie
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Inserm, Université de Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, France (R.P., L.L., K.F., M.D.., Y.S.-M., F.B., N.R., H.F., I.S., E.L., F.L., C.C.)
| | - Florence Bourgailh
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Inserm, Université de Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, France (R.P., L.L., K.F., M.D.., Y.S.-M., F.B., N.R., H.F., I.S., E.L., F.L., C.C.)
| | - Nolan Ruffenach
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Inserm, Université de Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, France (R.P., L.L., K.F., M.D.., Y.S.-M., F.B., N.R., H.F., I.S., E.L., F.L., C.C.)
| | - Hanamée Faugeras
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Inserm, Université de Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, France (R.P., L.L., K.F., M.D.., Y.S.-M., F.B., N.R., H.F., I.S., E.L., F.L., C.C.)
| | - Ilias Simon
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Inserm, Université de Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, France (R.P., L.L., K.F., M.D.., Y.S.-M., F.B., N.R., H.F., I.S., E.L., F.L., C.C.)
| | - Emeline Lhuillier
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Inserm, Université de Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, France (R.P., L.L., K.F., M.D.., Y.S.-M., F.B., N.R., H.F., I.S., E.L., F.L., C.C.)
- GeT-Sante, Plateforme Genome et Transcriptome, GenoToul, Toulouse, France (E.L.)
| | - Frank Lezoualc'h
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Inserm, Université de Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, France (R.P., L.L., K.F., M.D.., Y.S.-M., F.B., N.R., H.F., I.S., E.L., F.L., C.C.)
| | - Caroline Conte
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Inserm, Université de Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, France (R.P., L.L., K.F., M.D.., Y.S.-M., F.B., N.R., H.F., I.S., E.L., F.L., C.C.)
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Zhu JY, Lee H, Huang X, van de Leemput J, Han Z. Distinct Roles for COMPASS Core Subunits Set1, Trx, and Trr in the Epigenetic Regulation of Drosophila Heart Development. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17314. [PMID: 38139143 PMCID: PMC10744143 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Highly evolutionarily conserved multiprotein complexes termed Complex of Proteins Associated with Set1 (COMPASS) are required for histone 3 lysine 4 (H3K4) methylation. Drosophila Set1, Trx, and Trr form the core subunits of these complexes. We show that flies deficient in any of these three subunits demonstrated high lethality at eclosion (emergence of adult flies from their pupal cases) and significantly shortened lifespans for the adults that did emerge. Silencing Set1, trx, or trr in the heart led to a reduction in H3K4 monomethylation (H3K4me1) and dimethylation (H3K4me2), reflecting their distinct roles in H3K4 methylation. Furthermore, we studied the gene expression patterns regulated by Set1, Trx, and Trr. Each of the COMPASS core subunits controls the methylation of different sets of genes, with many metabolic pathways active early in development and throughout, while muscle and heart differentiation processes were methylated during later stages of development. Taken together, our findings demonstrate the roles of COMPASS series complex core subunits Set1, Trx, and Trr in regulating histone methylation during heart development and, given their implication in congenital heart diseases, inform research on heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-yi Zhu
- Center for Precision Disease Modeling, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Hangnoh Lee
- Center for Precision Disease Modeling, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Xiaohu Huang
- Center for Precision Disease Modeling, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Joyce van de Leemput
- Center for Precision Disease Modeling, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Zhe Han
- Center for Precision Disease Modeling, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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Luo H, Wu X, Zhu XH, Yi X, Du D, Jiang DS. The functions of SET domain bifurcated histone lysine methyltransferase 1 (SETDB1) in biological process and disease. Epigenetics Chromatin 2023; 16:47. [PMID: 38057834 DOI: 10.1186/s13072-023-00519-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone methyltransferase SETDB1 (SET domain bifurcated histone lysine methyltransferase 1, also known as ESET or KMT1E) is known to be involved in the deposition of the di- and tri-methyl marks on H3K9 (H3K9me2 and H3K9me3), which are associated with transcription repression. SETDB1 exerts an essential role in the silencing of endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) in embryonic stem cells (mESCs) by tri-methylating H3K9 (H3K9me3) and interacting with DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs). Additionally, SETDB1 is engaged in regulating multiple biological processes and diseases, such as ageing, tumors, and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), by methylating both histones and non-histone proteins. In this review, we provide an overview of the complex biology of SETDB1, review the upstream regulatory mechanisms of SETDB1 and its partners, discuss the functions and molecular mechanisms of SETDB1 in cell fate determination and stem cell, as well as in tumors and other diseases. Finally, we discuss the current challenges and prospects of targeting SETDB1 for the treatment of different diseases, and we also suggest some future research directions in the field of SETDB1 research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanshen Luo
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave., Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xingliang Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xue-Hai Zhu
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave., Wuhan, 430030, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xin Yi
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dunfeng Du
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Ding-Sheng Jiang
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave., Wuhan, 430030, China.
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Zhu JY, van de Leemput J, Han Z. The Roles of Histone Lysine Methyltransferases in Heart Development and Disease. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2023; 10:305. [PMID: 37504561 PMCID: PMC10380575 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd10070305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic marks regulate the transcriptomic landscape by facilitating the structural packing and unwinding of the genome, which is tightly folded inside the nucleus. Lysine-specific histone methylation is one such mark. It plays crucial roles during development, including in cell fate decisions, in tissue patterning, and in regulating cellular metabolic processes. It has also been associated with varying human developmental disorders. Heart disease has been linked to deregulated histone lysine methylation, and lysine-specific methyltransferases (KMTs) are overrepresented, i.e., more numerous than expected by chance, among the genes with variants associated with congenital heart disease. This review outlines the available evidence to support a role for individual KMTs in heart development and/or disease, including genetic associations in patients and supporting cell culture and animal model studies. It concludes with new advances in the field and new opportunities for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-yi Zhu
- Center for Precision Disease Modeling, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Joyce van de Leemput
- Center for Precision Disease Modeling, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Zhe Han
- Center for Precision Disease Modeling, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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Wang X, Kong X, Feng X, Jiang DS. Effects of DNA, RNA, and Protein Methylation on the Regulation of Ferroptosis. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:3558-3575. [PMID: 37497000 PMCID: PMC10367552 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.85454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a form of programmed cell death characterized by elevated intracellular ferrous ion levels and increased lipid peroxidation. Since its discovery and characterization in 2012, considerable progress has been made in understanding the regulatory mechanisms and pathophysiological functions of ferroptosis. Recent findings suggest that numerous organ injuries (e.g., ischemia/reperfusion injury) and degenerative pathologies (e.g., aortic dissection and neurodegenerative disease) are driven by ferroptosis. Conversely, insufficient ferroptosis has been linked to tumorigenesis. Furthermore, a recent study revealed the effect of ferroptosis on hematopoietic stem cells under physiological conditions. The regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis identified to date include mainly iron metabolism, such as iron transport and ferritinophagy, and redox systems, such as glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4)-glutathione (GSH), ferroptosis-suppressor-protein 1 (FSP1)-CoQ10, FSP1-vitamin K (VK), dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH)-CoQ, and GTP cyclohydrolase 1 (GCH1)-tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4). Recently, an increasing number of studies have demonstrated the important regulatory role played by epigenetic mechanisms, especially DNA, RNA, and protein methylation, in ferroptosis. In this review, we provide a critical analysis of the molecular mechanisms and regulatory networks of ferroptosis identified to date, with a focus on the regulatory role of DNA, RNA, and protein methylation. Furthermore, we discuss some debated findings and unanswered questions that should be the foci of future research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiancan Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014, Hubei, China
| | - Xianghai Kong
- Department of Intervention & Vascular Surgery, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and echnology, Wuhan, 430014, Hubei, China
| | - Xin Feng
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ding-Sheng Jiang
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Shi J, Wang QH, Wei X, Huo B, Ye JN, Yi X, Feng X, Fang ZM, Jiang DS, Ma MJ. Histone acetyltransferase P300 deficiency promotes ferroptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells by activating the HIF-1α/HMOX1 axis. Mol Med 2023; 29:91. [PMID: 37415103 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00694-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND E1A-associated 300-kDa protein (P300), an endogenous histone acetyltransferase, contributes to modifications of the chromatin landscape of genes involved in multiple cardiovascular diseases. Ferroptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is a novel pathological mechanism of aortic dissection. However, whether P300 regulates VSMC ferroptosis remains unknown. METHODS Cystine deprivation (CD) and imidazole ketone erastin (IKE) were used to induce VSMC ferroptosis. Two different knockdown plasmids targeting P300 and A-485 (a specific inhibitor of P300) were used to investigate the function of P300 in the ferroptosis of human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs). Cell counting kit-8, lactate dehydrogenase and flow cytometry with propidium iodide staining were performed to assess the cell viability and death under the treatment of CD and IKE. BODIPY-C11 assay, immunofluorescence staining of 4-hydroxynonenal and malondialdehyde assay were conducted to detect the level of lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, co-immunoprecipitation was utilized to explore the interaction between P300 and HIF-1α, HIF-1α and P53. RESULTS Compared with normal control, the protein level of P300 was significantly decreased in HASMCs treated with CD and IKE, which was largely nullified by the ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1 but not by the autophagy inhibitor or apoptosis inhibitor. Knockdown of P300 by short-hairpin RNA or inhibition of P300 activity by A-485 promoted CD- and IKE-induced HASMC ferroptosis, as evidenced by a reduction in cell viability and aggravation of lipid peroxidation of HASMCs. Furthermore, we found that hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α)/heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1) pathway was responsible for the impacts of P300 on ferroptosis of HASMCs. The results of co-immunoprecipitation demonstrated that P300 and P53 competitively bound HIF-1α to regulate the expression of HMOX1. Under normal conditions, P300 interacted with HIF-1α to inhibit HMOX1 expression, while reduced expression of P300 induced by ferroptosis inducers would favor HIF-1α binding to P53 to trigger HMOX1 overexpression. Furthermore, the aggravated effects of P300 knockdown on HASMC ferroptosis were largely nullified by HIF-1α knockdown or the HIF-1α inhibitor BAY87-2243. CONCLUSION Thus, our results revealed that P300 deficiency or inactivation facilitated CD- and IKE-induced VSMC ferroptosis by activating the HIF-1α/HMOX1 axis, which may contribute to the development of diseases related to VSMC ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Shi
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qun-Hui Wang
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiang Wei
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bo Huo
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jian-Nan Ye
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xin Yi
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Feng
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ze-Min Fang
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ding-Sheng Jiang
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Ming-Jia Ma
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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10
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Yang M, Luo H, Yi X, Wei X, Jiang D. The epigenetic regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis and its implications for biological processes and diseases. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e267. [PMID: 37229485 PMCID: PMC10203370 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a form of regulated cell death triggered by the iron-dependent peroxidation of phospholipids. Interactions of iron and lipid metabolism factors jointly promote ferroptosis. Ferroptosis has been demonstrated to be involved in the development of various diseases, such as tumors and degenerative diseases (e.g., aortic dissection), and targeting ferroptosis is expected to be an effective strategy for the treatment of these diseases. Recent studies have shown that the regulation of ferroptosis is affected by multiple mechanisms, including genetics, epigenetics, posttranscriptional modifications, and protein posttranslational modifications. Epigenetic changes have garnered considerable attention due to their importance in regulating biological processes and potential druggability. There have been many studies on the epigenetic regulation of ferroptosis, including histone modifications (e.g., histone acetylation and methylation), DNA methylation, and noncoding RNAs (e.g., miRNAs, circRNAs, and lncRNAs). In this review, we summarize recent advances in research on the epigenetic mechanisms involved in ferroptosis, with a description of RNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation included, and the importance of epigenetic regulation in biological processes and ferroptosis-related diseases, which provides reference for the clinical application of epigenetic regulators in the treatment of related diseases by targeting ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molin Yang
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular SurgeryTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Hanshen Luo
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular SurgeryTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Xin Yi
- Department of CardiologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Xiang Wei
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular SurgeryTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubeiChina
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Ding‐Sheng Jiang
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular SurgeryTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubeiChina
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesWuhanHubeiChina
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11
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Sopic M, Robinson EL, Emanueli C, Srivastava P, Angione C, Gaetano C, Condorelli G, Martelli F, Pedrazzini T, Devaux Y. Integration of epigenetic regulatory mechanisms in heart failure. Basic Res Cardiol 2023; 118:16. [PMID: 37140699 PMCID: PMC10158703 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-023-00986-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The number of "omics" approaches is continuously growing. Among others, epigenetics has appeared as an attractive area of investigation by the cardiovascular research community, notably considering its association with disease development. Complex diseases such as cardiovascular diseases have to be tackled using methods integrating different omics levels, so called "multi-omics" approaches. These approaches combine and co-analyze different levels of disease regulation. In this review, we present and discuss the role of epigenetic mechanisms in regulating gene expression and provide an integrated view of how these mechanisms are interlinked and regulate the development of cardiac disease, with a particular attention to heart failure. We focus on DNA, histone, and RNA modifications, and discuss the current methods and tools used for data integration and analysis. Enhancing the knowledge of these regulatory mechanisms may lead to novel therapeutic approaches and biomarkers for precision healthcare and improved clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miron Sopic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Emma L Robinson
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Costanza Emanueli
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Claudio Angione
- School of Computing, Engineering & Digital Technologies, Teesside University, Tees Valley, Middlesbrough, TS1 3BA, UK
- Centre for Digital Innovation, Teesside University, Campus Heart, Tees Valley, Middlesbrough, TS1 3BX, UK
- National Horizons Centre, Darlington, DL1 1HG, UK
| | - Carlo Gaetano
- Laboratorio di Epigenetica, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Via Maugeri 10, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Condorelli
- IRCCS-Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, MI, Italy
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council of Italy, Arnold-Heller-Str.3, 24105, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Martelli
- Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, IRCCS-Policlinico San Donato, Via Morandi 30, San Donato Milanese, 20097, Milan, Italy
| | - Thierry Pedrazzini
- Experimental Cardiology Unit, Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Lausanne Medical School, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yvan Devaux
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-1445, Strassen, Luxembourg.
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12
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Huang W, Zhu JY, Fu Y, van de Leemput J, Han Z. Lpt, trr, and Hcf regulate histone mono- and dimethylation that are essential for Drosophila heart development. Dev Biol 2022; 490:53-65. [PMID: 35853502 PMCID: PMC10728806 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian KMT2C, KMT2D, and HCFC1 are expressed during heart development and have been associated with congenital heart disease, but their roles in heart development remain elusive. We found that the Drosophila Lpt and trr genes encode the N-terminal and C-terminal homologs, respectively, of mammalian KMT2C or KMT2D. Lpt and trr mutant embryos showed reduced cardiac progenitor cells. Silencing of Lpt, trr, or both simultaneously in the heart led to similar abnormal cardiac morphology, tissue fibrosis, and cardiac functional defects. Like KMT2D, Lpt and trr were found to modulate histone H3K4 mono- and dimethylation, but not trimethylation. Investigation of downstream genes regulated by mouse KMT2D in the heart showed that their fly homologs are similarly regulated by Lpt or trr in the fly heart, suggesting that Lpt and trr regulate an evolutionarily conserved transcriptional network for heart development. Moreover, we showed that cardiac silencing of Hcf, the fly homolog of mammalian HCFC1, leads to heart defects similar to those observed in Lpt and trr silencing, as well as reduced H3K4 monomethylation. Our findings suggest that Lpt and trr function together to execute the conserved function of mammalian KMT2C and KMT2D in histone H3 lysine K4 mono- and dimethylation required for heart development. Possibly aided by Hcf, which we show plays a related role in H3K4 methylation during fly heart development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Huang
- Center for Precision Disease Modeling, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jun-Yi Zhu
- Center for Precision Disease Modeling, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yulong Fu
- Center for Precision Disease Modeling, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Genomic Diagnostics and Bioinformatics, Department of Pathology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Joyce van de Leemput
- Center for Precision Disease Modeling, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zhe Han
- Center for Precision Disease Modeling, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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13
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Li N, Yi X, He Y, Huo B, Chen Y, Zhang Z, Wang Q, Li Y, Zhong X, Li R, Zhu XH, Fang Z, Wei X, Jiang DS. Targeting Ferroptosis as a Novel Approach to Alleviate Aortic Dissection. Int J Biol Sci 2022; 18:4118-4134. [PMID: 35844806 PMCID: PMC9274489 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.72528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A variety of programmed cell death types have been shown to participate in the loss of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) during the development of aortic dissection (AD), but it is still largely unclear whether ferroptosis is involved in the development of AD. In the present study, we found that the expression of key ferroptosis regulatory proteins, solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11), ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1) and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) were downregulated in aortas of Stanford type A AD (TAAD) patients, and liproxstatin-1, a specific inhibitor of ferroptosis, obviously abolished the β-aminopropionitrile (BAPN)-induced development and rupture of AD in mice. Furthermore, the expression of methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3), a major methyltransferase of RNA m6A, was remarkably upregulated in the aortas of TAAD patients, and the protein levels of METTL3 were negatively correlated with SLC7A11 and FSP1 levels in human aortas. Overexpression of METTL3 in human aortic SMCs (HASMCs) inhibited, while METTL3 knockdown promoted SLC7A11 and FSP1 expression. More importantly, overexpression of METTL3 facilitated imidazole ketone erastin- and cystine deprivation-induced ferroptosis, while knockdown of METTL3 repressed ferroptosis of HASMCs. Overexpression of either SLC7A11 or FSP1 largely abrogated the effect of METTL3 on HASMC ferroptosis. Therefore, we have revealed that ferroptosis is a critical cause of AD in both humans and mice and that METTL3 promotes ferroptosis of HASMCs by inhibiting the expression of SLC7A11 and FSP1. Thus, targeting ferroptosis or m6A RNA methylation is a potential novel strategy for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xin Yi
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yi He
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bo Huo
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zihao Zhang
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qunhui Wang
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yi Li
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Zhong
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Rui Li
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xue-Hai Zhu
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zemin Fang
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiang Wei
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ding-Sheng Jiang
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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14
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Gyftopoulos A, Chen YJ, Wang L, Williams CH, Chun YW, O’Connell JR, Perry JA, Hong CC. Identification of Novel Genetic Variants and Comorbidities Associated With ICD-10-Based Diagnosis of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Using the UK Biobank Cohort. Front Genet 2022; 13:866042. [PMID: 35685441 PMCID: PMC9171016 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.866042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To identify previously unrecognized genetic variants and clinical variables associated with the ICD-10 (International Classification of Diseases 10)-based diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in the UK Biobank cohort. Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common genetic cardiovascular disorder with more than 2000 known mutations in one of eight genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. However, there is considerable variation in disease manifestation, suggesting the role of additional unrecognized contributors, genetic and otherwise. There is substantial interest in the use of real-world data, such as electronic health records to better understand disease mechanisms and discover new treatment strategies, but whether ICD-10-based diagnosis can be used to study HCM genetics is unknown. Methods: In a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using the UK Biobank, we analyzed the genomes of 363 individuals diagnosed with HCM based on ICD-10 coding compared to 7,260 age, ancestry, and sex-matched controls in a 1:20 case:control design. Genetic variants were analyzed by Plink's firth logistic regression and assessed for association with HCM. We also examined 61 biomarkers and other diagnoses in the 363 HCM cases and matched controls. Results: The prevalence of ICD-10-based diagnosis of HCM in the UK Biobank cohort was 1 in 1,342, suggesting disease assignment based on the two ICD-10 codes underestimates HCM prevalence. In addition, common cardiovascular comorbidities were more prevalent in ICD-10-based HCM cases in comparison to controls. We identified two novel, non-sarcomeric genetic variants in KMT2C rs78630626, and PARD3B rs188937806 that were associated with ICD-10 codes for HCM with genome-wide significance (p < 5 x 10-8). These are associated with an increased odds ratio (OR) of ∼3.8 for being diagnosed with HCM. Minor allele frequency (MAF) of each variant was >1%. Discussion: Disease assignment based strictly on ICD-10 codes may underestimate HCM prevalence. Individuals with HCM were more frequently diagnosed with several comorbid conditions, such as hypertension, atherosclerotic heart disease, diabetes, and kidney failure, suggesting they may contribute to disease manifestation. This UK Biobank database-based GWAS identified common variants in KMT2C and PARD3B that are associated with HCM diagnosis, which may represent novel modifier genes. Our study demonstrates the feasibility and limitations of conducting phenotypic and genotypic characterization of HCM based on ICD-10 diagnosis in a large population-based cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - James A. Perry
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Charles C. Hong
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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15
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Zheng Y, Liu Z, Yang X, Weng S, Xu H, Guo C, Xing Z, Liu L, Wang L, Dang Q, Qiu C. Exploring Key Genes to Construct a Diagnosis Model of Dilated Cardiomyopathy. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:865096. [PMID: 35571180 PMCID: PMC9091505 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.865096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is characterized by left ventricular dilatation and systolic dysfunction. The pathogenesis and etiologies of DCM remain elusive. This study aims to identify the key genes to construct a genetic diagnosis model of DCM. Methods A total of 257 DCM samples from five independent cohorts were enrolled. The Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) was performed to identify the key modules associated with DCM. The latent mechanisms and protein-protein interaction network underlying the key modules were further revealed. Subsequently, we developed and validated a LASSO diagnostic model in five independent cohorts. Results Two key modules were identified using WGCNA. Novel mechanisms related to the extracellular, mitochondrial matrix or IL-17 signaling pathway were pinpointed, which might significantly influence DCM. Besides, 23 key genes were screened out by combining WGCNA and differential expression analysis. Based on the key genes, a genetic diagnosis model was constructed and validated using five cohorts with excellent AUCs (0.975, 0.954, 0.722, 0.850, 0.988). Finally, significant differences in immune infiltration were observed between the two groups divided by the diagnostic model. Conclusion Our study revealed several novel pathways and key genes to provide potential targets and biomarkers for DCM treatment. A key genes’ diagnosis model was built to offer a new tool for diagnosing DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youyang Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zaoqu Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Interventional Institute of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Interventional Treatment and Clinical Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinyue Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Siyuan Weng
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Interventional Institute of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Interventional Treatment and Clinical Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Interventional Institute of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Interventional Treatment and Clinical Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chunguang Guo
- Department of Endovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhe Xing
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Long Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Libo Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qin Dang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chunguang Qiu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Chunguang Qiu,
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16
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The histone demthylase KDM3A protects the myocardium from ischemia/reperfusion injury via promotion of ETS1 expression. Commun Biol 2022; 5:270. [PMID: 35338235 PMCID: PMC8956629 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03225-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Our prior studies have characterized the participation of histone demethylase KDM3A in diabetic vascular remodeling, while its roles in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury (MIRI) remain to be illustrated. Here we show that KDM3A was significantly downregulated in rat I/R and cellular hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) models. Subsequently, gain- and loss-of-function experiments were performed to investigate the effects of KDM3A in the settings of MIRI. KDM3A knockout exacerbated cardiac dysfunction and cardiomyocytes injury both in vivo and in vitro. The deteriorated mitochondrial apoptosis, reactive oxygen species, and inflammation were simultaneously observed. Conversely, KDM3A overexpression developed the ameliorated alternations in MIRI. Mechanistically, the MIRI-alleviating effects of KDM3A were associated with the enhancement of ETS1 expression. ChIP-PCR affirmed that KDM3A bound to the ETS1 promoter and removed dimethylation of histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9me2), thus promoting ETS1 transcription. Our findings suggest that KDM3A is available for alleviating multi-etiologies of MIRI through the regulation of ETS1. Prevention of cardiac injury requires a deeper mechanistic understanding of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) episodes. Here, the authors find that the epigenetic modifier KDM3A plays a crucial role in myocardial I/R injury through its activation of the gene ETS1 and suggest boosting KDM3A expression could be a potential treatment strategy.
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17
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Sharma R, Sharma S, Thakur A, Singh A, Singh J, Nepali K, Liou JP. The Role of Epigenetic Mechanisms in Autoimmune, Neurodegenerative, Cardiovascular, and Imprinting Disorders. Mini Rev Med Chem 2022; 22:1977-2011. [PMID: 35176978 DOI: 10.2174/1389557522666220217103441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic mutations like aberrant DNA methylation, histone modifications, or RNA silencing are found in a number of human diseases. This review article discusses the epigenetic mechanisms involved in neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular disorders, auto-immune disorder, and genomic imprinting disorders. In addition, emerging epigenetic therapeutic strategies for the treatment of such disorders are presented. Medicinal chemistry campaigns highlighting the efforts of the chemists invested towards the rational design of small molecule inhibitors have also been included. Pleasingly, several classes of epigenetic inhibitors, DNMT, HDAC, BET, HAT, and HMT inhibitors along with RNA based therapies have exhibited the potential to emerge as therapeutics in the longer run. It is quite hopeful that epigenetic modulator-based therapies will advance to clinical stage investigations by leaps and bounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Sharma
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sachin Sharma
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Amandeep Thakur
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Arshdeep Singh
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jagjeet Singh
- School of Pharmacy, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Department of Pharmacy, Rayat-Bahara Group of Institutes, Hoshiarpur, India
| | - Kunal Nepali
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jing Ping Liou
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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18
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Chen YJ, Li Y, Guo X, Huo B, Chen Y, He Y, Xiao R, Zhu XH, Jiang DS, Wei X. Upregulation of IRF9 Contributes to Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation During Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:773235. [PMID: 34925032 PMCID: PMC8672195 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.773235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) is a critical pathological feature in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), but the regulatory mechanisms remain largely unknown. Herein, we demonstrated that interferon regulatory factor 9 (IRF9) accelerated PASMCs proliferation by regulating Prohibitin 1 (PHB1) expression and the AKT-GSK3β signaling pathway. Compared with control groups, the rats treated with chronic hypoxia (CH), monocrotaline (MCT) or sugen5416 combined with chronic hypoxia (SuHx), and mice challenged with CH had significantly thickened pulmonary arterioles and hyperproliferative PASMCs. More importantly, the protein level of IRF9 was found to be elevated in the thickened medial wall of the pulmonary arterioles in all of these PAH models. Notably, overexpression of IRF9 significantly promoted the proliferation of rat and human PASMCs, as evidenced by increased cell counts, EdU-positive cells and upregulated biomarkers of cell proliferation. In contrast, knockdown of IRF9 suppressed the proliferation of rat and human PASMCs. Mechanistically, IRF9 directly restrained PHB1 expression and interacted with AKT to inhibit the phosphorylation of AKT at thr308 site, which finally led to mitochondrial dysfunction and PASMC proliferation. Unsurprisingly, MK2206, a specific inhibitor of AKT, partially reversed the PASMC proliferation inhibited by IRF9 knockdown. Thus, our results suggested that elevation of IRF9 facilitates PASMC proliferation by regulating PHB1 expression and AKT signaling pathway to affect mitochondrial function during the development of PAH, which indicated that targeting IRF9 may serve as a novel strategy to delay the pathological progression of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Jie Chen
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yi Li
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xian Guo
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Huo
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi He
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Xiao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Ministry of Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xue-Hai Zhu
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Ding-Sheng Jiang
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiang Wei
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
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19
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Mages C, Gampp H, Syren P, Rahm AK, André F, Frey N, Lugenbiel P, Thomas D. Electrical Ventricular Remodeling in Dilated Cardiomyopathy. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102767. [PMID: 34685747 PMCID: PMC8534398 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ventricular arrhythmias contribute significantly to morbidity and mortality in patients with heart failure (HF). Pathomechanisms underlying arrhythmogenicity in patients with structural heart disease and impaired cardiac function include myocardial fibrosis and the remodeling of ion channels, affecting electrophysiologic properties of ventricular cardiomyocytes. The dysregulation of ion channel expression has been associated with cardiomyopathy and with the development of arrhythmias. However, the underlying molecular signaling pathways are increasingly recognized. This review summarizes clinical and cellular electrophysiologic characteristics observed in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) with ionic and structural alterations at the ventricular level. Furthermore, potential translational strategies and therapeutic options are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Mages
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.M.); (H.G.); (P.S.); (A.-K.R.); (F.A.); (N.F.); (P.L.)
- Heidelberg Center for Heart Rhythm Disorders (HCR), University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heike Gampp
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.M.); (H.G.); (P.S.); (A.-K.R.); (F.A.); (N.F.); (P.L.)
- Heidelberg Center for Heart Rhythm Disorders (HCR), University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pascal Syren
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.M.); (H.G.); (P.S.); (A.-K.R.); (F.A.); (N.F.); (P.L.)
- Heidelberg Center for Heart Rhythm Disorders (HCR), University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ann-Kathrin Rahm
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.M.); (H.G.); (P.S.); (A.-K.R.); (F.A.); (N.F.); (P.L.)
- Heidelberg Center for Heart Rhythm Disorders (HCR), University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Florian André
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.M.); (H.G.); (P.S.); (A.-K.R.); (F.A.); (N.F.); (P.L.)
- Heidelberg Center for Heart Rhythm Disorders (HCR), University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Norbert Frey
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.M.); (H.G.); (P.S.); (A.-K.R.); (F.A.); (N.F.); (P.L.)
- Heidelberg Center for Heart Rhythm Disorders (HCR), University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Patrick Lugenbiel
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.M.); (H.G.); (P.S.); (A.-K.R.); (F.A.); (N.F.); (P.L.)
- Heidelberg Center for Heart Rhythm Disorders (HCR), University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dierk Thomas
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.M.); (H.G.); (P.S.); (A.-K.R.); (F.A.); (N.F.); (P.L.)
- Heidelberg Center for Heart Rhythm Disorders (HCR), University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-6221-568855; Fax: +49-6221-565514
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20
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Chen Y, Wei X, Zhang Z, He Y, Huo B, Guo X, Feng X, Fang ZM, Jiang DS, Zhu XH. Downregulation of Filamin a Expression in the Aorta Is Correlated With Aortic Dissection. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:690846. [PMID: 34485398 PMCID: PMC8414519 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.690846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Filamins (FLNs) are actin cross-linking proteins, and as scaffolding proteins, FLNs are closely associated with the stabilization of the cytoskeleton. Nevertheless, the biological importance of FLNs in aortic dissection (AD) has not been well-elucidated. In this study, we first reanalyzed datasets downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and we found that in addition to the extracellular matrix, the actin cytoskeleton is a key structure associated with AD. Given that FLNs are involved in remodeling the cytoskeleton to affect cellular functions, we measured their expression levels in the aortas of patients with Stanford type A AD (TAAD). Our results showed that the mRNA and protein levels of FLNA were consistently decreased in dissected aortas of both humans and mice, while the FLNB protein level was upregulated despite decreased FLNB mRNA levels, and comparable expression levels of FLNC were observed between groups. Furthermore, the immunohistochemistry results demonstrated that FLNA was highly expressed in smooth muscle cells (SMCs) of aorta in non-AD samples, and downregulated in the medial layer of the dissected aortas of humans and mice. Moreover, we revealed that FOS and JUN, forming a dimeric transcription factor called AP-1 (activating protein-1), were positively correlated with the expression of FLNA in aorta. Either overexpression of FOS or JUN alone, or overexpression of FOS and JUN together, facilitated the expression of FLNA in primary cultured human aortic SMCs. In the present study, we not only detected the expression pattern of FLNs in aortas of humans and mice with or without AD, but we also found that the expression of FLNA in the AD samples was significantly reduced and that AP-1 might regulate the expression of FLNA. Our findings will contribute to the elucidation of the pathological mechanisms of AD and provide potential therapeutic targets for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Chen
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiang Wei
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Zihao Zhang
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi He
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Huo
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xian Guo
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Feng
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ze-Min Fang
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ding-Sheng Jiang
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xue-Hai Zhu
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
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21
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Giri P, Mukhopadhyay A, Gupta M, Mohapatra B. Dilated cardiomyopathy: a new insight into the rare but common cause of heart failure. Heart Fail Rev 2021; 27:431-454. [PMID: 34245424 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-021-10125-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure is a global health burden responsible for high morbidity and mortality with a prevalence of greater than 60 million individuals worldwide. One of the major causes of heart failure is dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), characterized by associated systolic dysfunction. During the last few decades, there have been remarkable advances in our understanding about the genetics of dilated cardiomyopathy. The genetic causes were initially thought to be associated with mutations in genes encoding proteins that are localized to cytoskeleton and sarcomere only; however, with the advancement in mechanistic understanding, the roles of ion channels, Z-disc, mitochondria, nuclear proteins, cardiac transcription factors (e.g., NKX-2.5, TBX20, GATA4), and the factors involved in calcium homeostasis have also been identified and found to be implicated in both familial and sporadic DCM cases. During past few years, next-generation sequencing (NGS) has been established as a diagnostic tool for genetic analysis and it has added significantly to the existing candidate gene list for DCM. The animal models have also provided novel insights to develop a better treatment strategy based on phenotype-genotype correlation, epigenetic and phenomic profiling. Most of the DCM biomarkers that are used in routine genetic and clinical testing are structural proteins, but during the last few years, the role of mi-RNA has also emerged as a biomarker due to their accessibility through noninvasive methods. Our increasing genetic knowledge can improve the clinical management of DCM by bringing clinicians and geneticists on one platform, thereby influencing the individualized clinical decision making and leading to precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prerna Giri
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Uttar Pradesh, Varanasi-5, India
| | - Amrita Mukhopadhyay
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Uttar Pradesh, Varanasi-5, India
| | - Mohini Gupta
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Uttar Pradesh, Varanasi-5, India
| | - Bhagyalaxmi Mohapatra
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Uttar Pradesh, Varanasi-5, India.
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22
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Qin J, Guo N, Tong J, Wang Z. Function of histone methylation and acetylation modifiers in cardiac hypertrophy. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2021; 159:120-129. [PMID: 34175302 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy is an adaptive response of the heart to increased workload induced by various physiological or pathological stimuli. It is a common pathological process in multiple cardiovascular diseases, and it ultimately leads to heart failure. The development of cardiac hypertrophy is accompanied by gene expression reprogramming, a process that is largely dependent on epigenetic regulation. Histone modifications such as methylation and acetylation are dynamically regulated under cardiac stress. These consequently contribute to the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy via compensatory or maladaptive transcriptome reprogramming. Histone methylation and acetylation modifiers play crucial roles in epigenetic remodeling during the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy. Regulation of histone methylation and acetylation modifiers serves as a bridge between signal transduction and downstream gene reprogramming. Exploring the role of histone modifiers in cardiac hypertrophy provides novel therapeutic strategies to treat cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. In this review, we summarize the recent advancements in functional histone methylation and acetylation modifiers in cardiac hypertrophy, with an emphasis on the underlying mechanisms and the therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Qin
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ningning Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingjing Tong
- School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhihua Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China; State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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23
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Algeciras L, Palanca A, Maestro D, RuizdelRio J, Villar AV. Epigenetic alterations of TGFβ and its main canonical signaling mediators in the context of cardiac fibrosis. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2021; 159:38-47. [PMID: 34119506 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a pathological process that presents a continuous overproduction of extracellular matrix (ECM) components in the myocardium, which negatively influences the progression of many cardiac diseases. Transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) is the main ligand that triggers the production of pro-fibrotic ECM proteins. In the cardiac fibrotic process, TGFβ and its canonical signaling mediators are tightly regulated at different levels as well as epigenetically. Cardiac fibroblasts are one of the most important TGFβ target cells activated after cardiac injury. TGFβ-driven fibroblast activation is subject to epigenetic modulation and contributes to the progression of cardiac fibrosis, mainly through the expression of pro-fibrotic molecules implicated in the disease. In this review, we describe epigenetic regulation related to canonical TGFβ signaling in cardiac fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Algeciras
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - Ana Palanca
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain; Departamento de Anatomía y Biología Celular, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - David Maestro
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - Jorge RuizdelRio
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - Ana V Villar
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain; Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain.
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24
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RNA Modification by m 6A Methylation in Cardiovascular Disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:8813909. [PMID: 34221238 PMCID: PMC8183103 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8813909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is currently the leading cause of death worldwide, and its underlying regulatory mechanisms remain largely unknown. N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation is an epigenetic modification involved in the splicing, nuclear export, translational regulation, and degradation of RNA. After the initial identification of m6A RNA methylation in 1974, the rise of next-generation sequencing technology to detect m6A throughout the transcriptome led to its renewed recognition in 2012. Since that time, m6A methylation has been extensively studied, and its functions, mechanisms, and effectors (e.g., METTL3, FTO, METTL14, WTAP, ALKBH5, and YTHDFs) in various diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, have rapidly been investigated. In this review, we first examine and summarize the molecular and cellular functions of m6A methylation and its readers, writers, and erasers in the cardiovascular system. Finally, we discuss future directions for m6A methylation research and the potential for therapeutic targeting of m6A modification in cardiovascular disease.
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25
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SIRT1 reduces epigenetic and non-epigenetic changes to maintain the quality of postovulatory aged oocytes in mice. Exp Cell Res 2021; 399:112421. [PMID: 33412164 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Postovulatory oocyte aging has a major influence on the development potential of embryos. Many antioxidants can delay oocyte aging by regulating the expression of SIRT1. However, there is a lack of knowledge on SIRT1 function in postovulatory oocyte aging. In vitro transcribed RNA of Sirt1 was injected into fresh oocytes to investigate the function of SIRT1 during postovulatory oocyte aging. In the present study, SIRT1 was found to be down-regulated in aged oocytes compared with fresh oocytes. Meanwhile the intensity of acetylation of H3K9 (H3K9ac) and H3K4 methylation increased in postovulatory aged oocytes. After the oocytes were injected with SIRT1 and aged for 12 h, the intensity of H3K9ac and H3K4 methylation markedly decreased compared with controls. Furthermore, SIRT1 overexpression also reduced the aging-induced oocyte morphological changes and reactive oxygen species accumulation, maintained the spindle normal morphology and attenuated the aging-associated abnormalities of mitochondrial function. The role of SIRT1 in protecting oocyte aging was diminished when oocytes with overexpressed SIRT1 were cultured with SIRT1 inhibitor EX-527. Briefly, these present results show that SIRT1 not only reduced the non-epigenetic changes such as abnormal oocyte morphology, ROS accumulation, spindle defects and mitochondrial dysfunctions but also regulated the epigenetic changes in order to maintain the quality of postovulatory aged oocytes.
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26
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Posttranslational Modifications in Ferroptosis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:8832043. [PMID: 33294126 PMCID: PMC7718049 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8832043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ferroptosis was first coined in 2012 to describe the form of regulated cell death (RCD) characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. To date, ferroptosis has been implicated in many diseases, such as carcinogenesis, degenerative diseases (e.g., Huntington's, Alzheimer's, and Parkinson's diseases), ischemia-reperfusion injury, and cardiovascular diseases. Previous studies have identified numerous targets involved in ferroptosis; for example, acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4) and p53 induce while glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and apoptosis-inducing factor mitochondria-associated 2 (AIFM2, also known as FSP1) inhibit ferroptosis. At least three major pathways (the glutathione-GPX4, FSP1-coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), and GTP cyclohydrolase-1- (GCH1-) tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) pathways) have been identified to participate in ferroptosis regulation. Recent advances have also highlighted the crucial roles of posttranslational modifications (PTMs) of proteins in ferroptosis. Here, we summarize the recently discovered knowledge regarding the mechanisms underlying ferroptosis, particularly the roles of PTMs in ferroptosis regulation.
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Abstract
The vasculature not only transports oxygenated blood, metabolites, and waste products but also serves as a conduit for hormonal communication between distant tissues. Therefore, it is important to maintain homeostasis within the vasculature. Recent studies have greatly expanded our understanding of the regulation of vasculature development and vascular-related diseases at the epigenetic level, including by protein posttranslational modifications, DNA methylation, and noncoding RNAs. Integrating epigenetic mechanisms into the pathophysiologic conceptualization of complex and multifactorial vascular-related diseases may provide promising therapeutic approaches. Several reviews have presented detailed discussions of epigenetic mechanisms not including histone methylation in vascular biology. In this review, we primarily discuss histone methylation in vascular development and maturity, and in vascular diseases.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Characterized by enlarged ventricle and loss of systolic function, dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) has the highest morbidity among all the cardiomyopathies. Although it is well established that DCM is typically caused by mutations in a large number of genes, there is an emerging appreciation for the contribution of epigenetic alteration in the development of DCM. RECENT FINDINGS We present some of the recent progress in the field of epigenetics in DCM by focusing on the four major epigenetic modifications, that is, DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling as well as the noncoding RNAs. The major players involved in these DCM-related epigenetic reprogramming will be highlighted. Finally, the diagnostic and the therapeutic implications for DCM based on new knowledge of epigenetic regulation will also be discussed. SUMMARY As a rapidly expanding field, epigenetic studies in DCM have the promise to yield both novel mechanistic insights as well as potential new avenues for more effective treatment of the disease.
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29
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Chen TQ, Hu N, Huo B, Masau JF, Yi X, Zhong XX, Chen YJ, Guo X, Zhu XH, Wei X, Jiang DS. EHMT2/G9a Inhibits Aortic Smooth Muscle Cell Death by Suppressing Autophagy Activation. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:1252-1263. [PMID: 32174799 PMCID: PMC7053323 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.38835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although EHMT2 (also known as G9a) plays a critical role in several kinds of cancers and cardiac remodeling, its function in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) remains unknown. In the present study, we revealed a novel function of EHMT2 in regulating autophagic cell death (ACD) of VSMC. Inhibition of EHMT2 by BIX01294 or knockdown of EHMT2 resulted in reduced VSMC numbers which were independent of proliferation and apoptosis. Interestingly, EHMT2 protein levels were significantly decreased in VSMCs treated with autophagic inducers. Moreover, more autophagic vacuoles and accumulated LC3II were detected in VSMCs treated with BIX01294 or lenti-shEHMT2 than their counterparts. Furthermore, we found that EHMT2 inhibited the ACD of VSMCs by suppressing autophagosome formation. Mechanistically, the pro-autophagic effect elicited by EHMT2 inhibition was associated with SQSTM1 and BECN1 overexpression. Moreover, these detrimental effects were largely nullified by SQSTM1 or BECN1 knockdown. More importantly, similar results were observed in primary human aortic VSMCs. Overall, these findings suggest that EHMT2 functions as a crucial negative regulator of ACD via decreasing SQSTM1 or BECN1 expression and that EHMT2 could be a potent therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases (e.g., aortic dissection).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Qiang Chen
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Nan Hu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
| | - Bo Huo
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jackson Ferdinand Masau
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xin Yi
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Xiao-Xuan Zhong
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yong-Jie Chen
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xian Guo
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xue-Hai Zhu
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education.,NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
| | - Xiang Wei
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education.,NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
| | - Ding-Sheng Jiang
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education.,NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
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KDM3A inhibition modulates macrophage polarization to aggravate post-MI injuries and accelerates adverse ventricular remodeling via an IRF4 signaling pathway. Cell Signal 2019; 64:109415. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.109415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Abstract
Aging is associated with a progressive decline in cardiovascular structure and function. Accumulating evidence links cardiovascular aging to epigenetic alterations encompassing a complex interplay of DNA methylation, histone posttranslational modifications, and dynamic nucleosome occupancy governed by numerous epigenetic factors. Advances in genomics technology have led to a profound understanding of chromatin reorganization in both cardiovascular aging and diseases. This review summarizes recent discoveries in epigenetic mechanisms involved in cardiovascular aging and diseases and discusses potential therapeutic strategies to retard cardiovascular aging and conquer related diseases through the rejuvenation of epigenetic signatures to a young state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqi Zhang
- From the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (W.Z., G.-H.L.).,National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics (W.Z., G.-H.L.), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing.,Institute of Stem Cell and Regeneration (W.Z., M.S., J.Q., G.-H.L.), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing (W.Z., M.S., J.Q., G.-H.L.)
| | - Moshi Song
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology (M.S.), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing.,Institute of Stem Cell and Regeneration (W.Z., M.S., J.Q., G.-H.L.), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing (W.Z., M.S., J.Q., G.-H.L.)
| | - Jing Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology (J.Q.), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing.,Institute of Stem Cell and Regeneration (W.Z., M.S., J.Q., G.-H.L.), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing (W.Z., M.S., J.Q., G.-H.L.)
| | - Guang-Hui Liu
- From the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (W.Z., G.-H.L.).,National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics (W.Z., G.-H.L.), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing.,Institute of Stem Cell and Regeneration (W.Z., M.S., J.Q., G.-H.L.), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing (W.Z., M.S., J.Q., G.-H.L.)
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Guo X, Fang ZM, Wei X, Huo B, Yi X, Cheng C, Chen J, Zhu XH, Bokha AOKA, Jiang DS. HDAC6 is associated with the formation of aortic dissection in human. Mol Med 2019; 25:10. [PMID: 30925865 PMCID: PMC6441237 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-019-0080-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathological features of aortic dissection (AD) include vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) loss, elastic fiber fraction, and inflammatory responses in the aorta. However, little is known about the post-translational modification mechanisms responsible for these biological processes. METHODS A total of 72 aorta samples, used for protein detection, were collected from 36 coronary artery disease (CAD, served as the control) patients and 36 type A AD (TAAD) patients. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-PCR was used to identify the genes regulated by H3K23ac, and tubastatin A, an inhibitor of HDAC6, was utilized to clarify the downstream mechanisms regulated by HDAC6. RESULTS We found that the protein level of histone deacetylase HDAC6 was reduced in the aortas of patients suffering from TAAD and that the protein levels of H4K12ac, and H3K23ac significantly increased, while H3K18ac, H4K8ac, and H4K5ac dramatically decreased when compared with CAD patients. Although H3K23ac, H3K18ac, and H4K8ac increased in the human VSMCs after treatment with the HDAC6 inhibitor tubastatin A, only H3K23ac showed the same results in human tissues. Notably, the results of ChIP-PCR demonstrated that H3K23ac was enriched in extracellular matrix (ECM)-related genes, including Col1A2, Col3A1, CTGF, POSTN, MMP2, TIMP2, and ACTA2, in the aortic samples of TAAD patients. In addition, our results showed that HDAC6 regulates H4K20me2 and p-MEK1/2 in the pathological process of TAAD. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that HDAC6 is involved in human TAAD formation by regulating H3K23ac, H4K20me2 and p-MEK1/2, thus, providing a strategy for the treatment of TAAD by targeting protein post-translational modifications (PTMs), chiefly histone PTMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Guo
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ze-Min Fang
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiang Wei
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Huo
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xin Yi
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Cai Cheng
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xue-Hai Zhu
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Ding-Sheng Jiang
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China. .,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China. .,NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Wuhan, China. .,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.
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