1
|
Barregard L, Sallsten G, Lundh T, Mölne J. Low-level exposure to lead, cadmium and mercury, and histopathological findings in kidney biopsies. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 211:113119. [PMID: 35288159 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and mercury (Hg) are all nephrotoxic metals, and a large part of the body burden of Cd and Hg is found in the kidneys. There are, however, few studies on associations between exposure to these toxic metals and renal biopsy findings, and none at low-level exposure. AIM To examine the hypothesis that low-level concentration of Pb, Cd or Hg in the kidneys is associated with histopathological changes in the kidneys. METHODS We determined concentrations of Pb, Cd and Hg in kidney, blood and urine in 109 healthy kidney donors, aged 24-70 years. The renal biopsies were scored according to the Banff classification regarding tubular atrophy, interstitial fibrosis, glomerulosclerosis, arteriosclerosis, and arteriolohyalinosis. Kidney function was assessed based on glomerular filtration rate (GFR) as well as urinary excretion of albumin, low molecular weight proteins, kidney injury molecule 1 and N-acetylglucose aminidase. Associations between metal concentrations and histopathological changes, were assessed in models also including age, sex and smoking. RESULTS The median kidney concentrations of Pb, Cd and Hg were 0.08, 13 and 0.21 μg/g, respectively. There were signs of tubular atrophy in 63%, interstitial fibrosis in 21%, glomerulosclerosis in 71%, arteriosclerosis in 47%, and arteriolohyalinosis in 36% of the donors, but, as could be expected, the histopathological findings were limited, mostly Banff grade 1. In models adjusted for age, sex and smoking, kidney Cd was positively associated with tubular atrophy (p = 0.03) and possibly with arteriolohyalinosis (p = 0.06). Kidney Hg was associated with arteriosclerosis (p = 0.004). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that even low levels of Cd in the kidney can induce a mild degree of tubular atrophy. This is in line with previous findings at high-level Cd exposure. The association between kidney Hg and renal arteriosclerosis was unexpected, and may be a chance finding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lars Barregard
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Gerd Sallsten
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Thomas Lundh
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University and Skane University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Johan Mölne
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital and Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fujishiro H, Sumino M, Sumi D, Umemoto H, Tsuneyama K, Matsukawa T, Yokoyama K, Himeno S. Spatial localization of cadmium and metallothionein in the kidneys of mice at the early phase of cadmium accumulation. J Toxicol Sci 2022; 47:507-517. [DOI: 10.2131/jts.47.507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hitomi Fujishiro
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University
| | - Miharu Sumino
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University
| | - Daigo Sumi
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University
| | - Hitomi Umemoto
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School
| | - Koichi Tsuneyama
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School
| | - Takehisa Matsukawa
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Kazuhito Yokoyama
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Seiichiro Himeno
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cadmium and Lead Exposure, Nephrotoxicity, and Mortality. TOXICS 2020; 8:toxics8040086. [PMID: 33066165 PMCID: PMC7711868 DOI: 10.3390/toxics8040086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The present review aims to provide an update on health risks associated with the low-to-moderate levels of environmental cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) to which most populations are exposed. Epidemiological studies examining the adverse effects of coexposure to Cd and Pb have shown that Pb may enhance the nephrotoxicity of Cd and vice versa. Herein, the existing tolerable intake levels of Cd and Pb are discussed together with the conventional urinary Cd threshold limit of 5.24 μg/g creatinine. Dietary sources of Cd and Pb and the intake levels reported for average consumers in the U.S., Spain, Korea, Germany and China are summarized. The utility of urine, whole blood, plasma/serum, and erythrocytes to quantify exposure levels of Cd and Pb are discussed. Epidemiological studies that linked one of these measurements to risks of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and mortality from common ailments are reviewed. A Cd intake level of 23.2 μg/day, which is less than half the safe intake stated by the guidelines, may increase the risk of CKD by 73%, and urinary Cd levels one-tenth of the threshold limit, defined by excessive ß2-microglobulin excretion, were associated with increased risk of CKD, mortality from heart disease, cancer of any site and Alzheimer's disease. These findings indicate that the current tolerable intake of Cd and the conventional urinary Cd threshold limit do not provide adequate health protection. Any excessive Cd excretion is probably indicative of tubular injury. In light of the evolving realization of the interaction between Cd and Pb, actions to minimize environmental exposure to these toxic metals are imperative.
Collapse
|
4
|
Anti-Müllerian hormone participates in ovarian granulosa cell damage due to cadmium exposure by negatively regulating stem cell factor. Reprod Toxicol 2020; 93:54-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2020.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
5
|
Reyes-Hinojosa D, Lozada-Pérez CA, Zamudio Cuevas Y, López-Reyes A, Martínez-Nava G, Fernández-Torres J, Olivos-Meza A, Landa-Solis C, Gutiérrez-Ruiz MC, Rojas Del Castillo E, Martínez-Flores K. Toxicity of cadmium in musculoskeletal diseases. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 72:103219. [PMID: 31494513 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.103219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have reported that exposure to toxic metals like cadmium (Cd) may promote the development of musculoskeletal diseases, such as osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and osteoarthritis (OA), among others. The objective of this review is to summarize the molecular mechanisms of inflammation and oxidative stress activated by Cd at the bone level, particularly in osteoporosis, RA, and OA. Cadmium can increase bone resorption, affect the activity of osteoclasts and calcium (Ca) absorption, and impair kidney function, which favors the development of osteoporosis. In the case of RA, Cd interferes with the activity of antioxidant proteins, like superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). It also promotes an inflammatory state, inducing the process of citrullination, which affects the proteins of immune response. On the other hand, accumulation of Cd in the tissues and blood of smokers has been related to the development of some musculoskeletal diseases. Therefore, knowing the negative impact of Cd toxicity at the articular level can help understand the damage mechanisms it produces, leading to the development of such diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Reyes-Hinojosa
- Synovial Fluid Laboratory, National Institute of Rehabilitation "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Calzada Mexico-Xochimilco 289, C.P. 14389, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - C A Lozada-Pérez
- Rheumatology Service, National Institute of Rehabilitation "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Y Zamudio Cuevas
- Synovial Fluid Laboratory, National Institute of Rehabilitation "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Calzada Mexico-Xochimilco 289, C.P. 14389, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - A López-Reyes
- Synovial Fluid Laboratory, National Institute of Rehabilitation "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Calzada Mexico-Xochimilco 289, C.P. 14389, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - G Martínez-Nava
- Synovial Fluid Laboratory, National Institute of Rehabilitation "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Calzada Mexico-Xochimilco 289, C.P. 14389, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - J Fernández-Torres
- Synovial Fluid Laboratory, National Institute of Rehabilitation "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Calzada Mexico-Xochimilco 289, C.P. 14389, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - A Olivos-Meza
- Orthopedic Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Service, National Institute of Rehabilitation "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - C Landa-Solis
- Tissue Engineering Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Unit, National Institute of Rehabilitation "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - M C Gutiérrez-Ruiz
- Department of Health Sciences, Autonomous Metropolitan University, Mexico City, Mexico; Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, Unit of Translational Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Research, UNAM, National Institute of Cardiology "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - E Rojas Del Castillo
- Departament of Genomic Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Institute of Biomedical Research, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - K Martínez-Flores
- Synovial Fluid Laboratory, National Institute of Rehabilitation "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Calzada Mexico-Xochimilco 289, C.P. 14389, Mexico City, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Satarug S. Dietary Cadmium Intake and Its Effects on Kidneys. TOXICS 2018; 6:E15. [PMID: 29534455 PMCID: PMC5874788 DOI: 10.3390/toxics6010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a food-chain contaminant that has high rates of soil-to-plant transference. This phenomenon makes dietary Cd intake unavoidable. Although long-term Cd intake impacts many organ systems, the kidney has long been considered to be a critical target of its toxicity. This review addresses how measurements of Cd intake levels and its effects on kidneys have traditionally been made. These measurements underpin the derivation of our current toxicity threshold limit and tolerable intake levels for Cd. The metal transporters that mediate absorption of Cd in the gastrointestinal tract are summarized together with glomerular filtration of Cd and its sequestration by the kidneys. The contribution of age differences, gender, and smoking status to Cd accumulation in lungs, liver, and kidneys are highlighted. The basis for use of urinary Cd excretion to reflect body burden is discussed together with the use of urinary N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase (NAG) and β2-microglobulin (β2-MG) levels to quantify its toxicity. The associations of Cd with the development of chronic kidney disease and hypertension, reduced weight gain, and zinc reabsorption are highlighted. In addition, the review addresses how urinary Cd threshold levels have been derived from human population data and their utility as a warning sign of impending kidney malfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soisungwan Satarug
- Centre for Kidney Disease Research and Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute and Centre for Health Services Research, Woolloongabba, Brisbane 4102, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chen X, Han T, Fisher JE, Harrouk W, Tassinari MS, Merry GE, Sloper D, Fuscoe JC, Hansen DK, Inselman AL. Transcriptomics analysis of early embryonic stem cell differentiation under osteoblast culture conditions: Applications for detection of developmental toxicity. Reprod Toxicol 2017; 69:75-83. [PMID: 28189605 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The mouse embryonic stem cell test (mEST) is a promising in vitro assay for predicting developmental toxicity. In the current study, early differentiation of D3 mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) under osteoblast culture conditions and embryotoxicity of cadmium sulfate were examined. D3 mESCs were exposed to cadmium sulfate for 24, 48 or 72h, and whole genome transcriptional profiles were determined. The results indicate a track of differentiation was identified as mESCs differentiate. Biological processes that were associated with differentiation related genes included embryonic development and, specifically, skeletal system development. Cadmium sulfate inhibited mESC differentiation at all three time points. Functional pathway analysis indicated biological pathways affected included those related to skeletal development, renal and reproductive function. In summary, our results suggest that transcriptional profiles are a sensitive indicator of early mESC differentiation. Transcriptomics may improve the predictivity of the mEST by suggesting possible modes of action for tested chemicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinrong Chen
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, United States.
| | - Tao Han
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, United States.
| | - J Edward Fisher
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, United States.
| | - Wafa Harrouk
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, United States.
| | - Melissa S Tassinari
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, United States.
| | - Gwenn E Merry
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, United States.
| | - Daniel Sloper
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, United States.
| | - James C Fuscoe
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, United States.
| | - Deborah K Hansen
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, United States.
| | - Amy L Inselman
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Luo B, Lin Y, Jiang S, Huang L, Yao H, Zhuang Q, Zhao R, Liu H, He C, Lin Z. Endoplasmic reticulum stress eIF2α-ATF4 pathway-mediated cyclooxygenase-2 induction regulates cadmium-induced autophagy in kidney. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2251. [PMID: 27253415 PMCID: PMC5143407 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The heavy metal cadmium (Cd) is nephrotoxic. Recent studies show that autophagy plays an essential role in Cd-induced kidney injury. However, the mechanisms of Cd-induced kidney injury accompanied by autophagy are still obscure. In the present study, we first confirmed that Cd induced kidney damage and dysfunction, along with autophagy, both in vivo and in vitro. Then, we observed that cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and the eIF2α-ATF4 pathway of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress were induced by Cd in both kidney tissues and cultured cells. Further studies showed that inhibition of COX-2 with celecoxib or RNA interference (RNAi) inhibited the Cd-induced autophagy in kidney cells. In addition, blocking ER stress with 4-phenylbutyrate or RNAi partially counteracted COX-2 overexpression and autophagy induced by Cd, which suggested that ER stress was required for Cd-induced kidney autophagy. Significantly, our results showed that Cd activated ATF4 and induced its translocation to the nucleus. Knockdown of ATF4 inhibited Cd-induced COX-2 overexpression. While COX-2 overexpression is involved in renal dysfunction, there is no prior report on the role of COX-2 in autophagy regulation. The results of the current study suggest a novel molecular mechanism that the ER stress eIF2α-ATF4 pathway-mediated COX-2 overexpression contributes to Cd-induced kidney autophagy and injury. The present study implies that COX-2 may be a potential target for therapy against Cd-induced nephrotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Y Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - S Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - L Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - H Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Q Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - R Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - H Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - C He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Z Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yeter D, Portman MA, Aschner M, Farina M, Chan WC, Hsieh KS, Kuo HC. Ethnic Kawasaki Disease Risk Associated with Blood Mercury and Cadmium in U.S. Children. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:ijerph13010101. [PMID: 26742052 PMCID: PMC4730492 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13010101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Kawasaki disease (KD) primarily affects children <5 years of age (75%-80%) and is currently the leading cause of acquired heart disease in developed nations. Even when residing in the West, East Asian children are 10 to 20 times more likely to develop KD. We hypothesized cultural variations influencing pediatric mercury (Hg) exposure from seafood consumption may mediate ethnic KD risk among children in the United States. Hospitalization rates of KD in US children aged 0-4 years (n = 10,880) and blood Hg levels in US children aged 1-5 years (n = 713) were determined using separate US federal datasets. Our cohort primarily presented with blood Hg levels <0.1 micrograms (µg) per kg bodyweight (96.5%) that are considered normal and subtoxic. Increased ethnic KD risk was significantly associated with both increasing levels and detection rates of blood Hg or cadmium (Cd) in a linear dose-responsive manner between ethnic African, Asian, Caucasian, and Hispanic children in the US (p ≤ 0.05). Increasing low-dose exposure to Hg or Cd may induce KD or contribute to its later development in susceptible children. However, our preliminary results require further replication in other ethnic populations, in addition to more in-depth examination of metal exposure and toxicokinetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Yeter
- Kawasaki Disease Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Niaosong, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan.
| | - Michael A Portman
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA.
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
| | - Marcelo Farina
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040, Brazil.
| | - Wen-Ching Chan
- Kawasaki Disease Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Niaosong, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan.
- Genomics and Proteomics Core Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Niaosong, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan.
| | - Kai-Sheng Hsieh
- Kawasaki Disease Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Niaosong, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan.
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Niaosong, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan.
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Gueishan, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan.
| | - Ho-Chang Kuo
- Kawasaki Disease Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Niaosong, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan.
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Niaosong, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan.
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Gueishan, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Fujie T, Hara T, Kaji T. Toxicology of organic-inorganic hybrid molecules: bio-organometallics and its toxicology. J Toxicol Sci 2016; 41:SP81-SP88. [PMID: 28320985 DOI: 10.2131/jts.41.sp81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Bio-organometallics is a research strategy of biology that uses organic-inorganic hybrid molecules. The molecules are expected to exhibit useful bioactivities based on the unique structure formed by interaction between the organic structure and intramolecular metal(s). However, studies on both biology and toxicology of organic-inorganic hybrid molecules have been incompletely performed. There can be two types of toxicological studies of bio-organometallics; one is evaluation of organic-inorganic hybrid molecules and the other is analysis of biological systems from the viewpoint of toxicology using organic-inorganic hybrid molecules. Our recent studies indicate that cytotoxicity of hybrid molecules containing a metal that is nontoxic in inorganic forms can be more toxic than that of hybrid molecules containing a metal that is toxic in inorganic forms when the structure of the ligand is the same. Additionally, it was revealed that organic-inorganic hybrid molecules are useful for analysis of biological systems important for understanding the toxicity of chemical compounds including heavy metals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Fujie
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sex differences in shotgun proteome analyses for chronic oral intake of cadmium in mice. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121819. [PMID: 25793409 PMCID: PMC4368563 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental diseases related to cadmium exposure primarily develop owing to industrial wastewater pollution and/or contaminated food. In regions with high cadmium exposure in Japan, cadmium accumulation occurs primarily in the kidneys of individuals who are exposed to the metal. In contrast, in the itai-itai disease outbreak that occurred in the Jinzu River basin in Toyama Prefecture in Japan, cadmium primarily accumulated in the liver. On the other hand, high concentration of cadmium caused renal tubular disorder and osteomalacia (multiple bone fracture), probably resulting from the renal tubular dysfunction and additional pathology. In this study, we aimed to establish a mouse model of chronic cadmium intake. We administered cadmium-containing drinking water (32 mg/l) to female and male mice ad libitum for 11 weeks. Metal analysis using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry revealed that cadmium accumulated in the kidneys (927 x 10 + 185 ng/g in females and 661 x 10 + 101 ng/g in males), liver (397 x 10 + 199 ng/g in females and 238 x 10 + 652 ng/g in males), and thyroid gland (293 + 93.7 ng/g in females and 129 + 72.7 ng/g in males) of mice. Female mice showed higher cadmium accumulation in the kidney, liver, and thyroid gland than males did (p = 0.00345, p = 0.00213, and p = 0.0331, respectively). Shotgun proteome analyses after chronic oral administration of cadmium revealed that protein levels of glutathione S-transferase Mu2, Mu4, and Mu7 decreased in the liver, and those of A1 and A2 decreased in the kidneys in both female and male mice.
Collapse
|
12
|
Du K, Takahashi T, Kuge S, Naganuma A, Hwang GW. FBXO6 attenuates cadmium toxicity in HEK293 cells by inhibiting ER stress and JNK activation. J Toxicol Sci 2014; 39:861-6. [DOI: 10.2131/jts.39.861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Du
- Laboratory of Molecular and Biochemical Toxicology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University
- Department of Pharmacology, China Medical University, PR China
| | - Tsutomu Takahashi
- Laboratory of Molecular and Biochemical Toxicology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University
| | - Shusuke Kuge
- Laboratory of Molecular and Biochemical Toxicology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University
- Department of Microbiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University
| | - Akira Naganuma
- Laboratory of Molecular and Biochemical Toxicology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University
| | - Gi-Wook Hwang
- Laboratory of Molecular and Biochemical Toxicology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University
| |
Collapse
|