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Ungar OJ, Situ Y, Spiegel JL, Chen JM, Lin VYW, Le TN. Sound Exposure Promotes Intratympanic Drug Delivery to the Inner Ear. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2024. [PMID: 38686601 DOI: 10.1002/ohn.801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the impact of sound exposure, with the resultant windows vibration on perilymphatic concentrations following intratympanic (IT) dexamethasone and gentamicin in an animal model. STUDY DESIGN Animal model blinded study. SETTING Animal facility of a tertiary medical center. METHODS Bilateral IT dexamethasone or gentamicin was applied to 15 tested rats. Following injections, each rat was exposed for 3 minutes to free field 30 dB sound pressure level (SPL), 512 vHz noise, with 1 external auditory canal plugged (contralateral control). Following noise exposure, perilymph was obtained from both ears. Drug concentrations were measured using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometer. RESULTS For dexamethasone, the average (±SD) perilymphatic steroidal concentration was 0.417 µg/mL (±0.549) in the control ears versus 0.487 µg/mL (±0.636) in the sound-exposed ears (P = .008). The average (±SD) gentamicin perilymphatic concentration was 8.628 µg/mL (±2.549) in the sound-exposed ears, compared to 4.930 µg/mL (±0.668) in the contralateral control (nonsound exposed) ears. Sound exposure promoted steroidal and gentamicin diffusion to the inner ear by an averaged (±SD) factor of 1.431 and 1.730 (±0.291 and 0.339), respectively. CONCLUSION Low-intensity noise (30 dB SPL) was found to enhance dexamethasone phosphate and gentamicin diffusion to the inner ear (by an averaged factor of ∼1.4 and 1.7, respectively) in a murine model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omer J Ungar
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Biological Sciences Platform, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yumai Situ
- Biological Sciences Platform, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer L Spiegel
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Biological Sciences Platform, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Joseph M Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Biological Sciences Platform, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vincent Y W Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Biological Sciences Platform, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Trung N Le
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Biological Sciences Platform, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Mardikasari SA, Katona G, Sipos B, Ambrus R, Csóka I. Preparation and Optimization of Bovine Serum Albumin Nanoparticles as a Promising Gelling System for Enhanced Nasal Drug Administration. Gels 2023; 9:896. [PMID: 37998986 PMCID: PMC10670644 DOI: 10.3390/gels9110896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Bovine serum albumin (BSA) has been used extensively as a suitable carrier system for alternative drug delivery routes, such as nasal administration. However, the optimization of BSA nanoparticles with respect to their nasal applicability has not been widely studied. The present study focuses on the characterization of BSA nanoparticles prepared using the desolvation method, followed by a gelation process to facilitate intranasal drug delivery. The results demonstrated that the ratio of BSA and the desolvating agent, ethanol, played a critical role in the nanoparticle characteristics of the BSA nanogel matrices (BSA-NGs). Based on the gelling properties, the formulations of BSA-NG 2, BSA-NG 4, and BSA-NG 6 were selected for further investigation. The Raman spectra confirmed that there were no specific changes to the secondary structures of the BSA. The mucoadhesion studies revealed moderately high mucoadhesive properties, with a mucin binding efficiency (MBE) value of around 67%, allowing the dose to avoid elimination due to rapid mucociliary clearance of the nasal passage. Via studying the nexus of the carrier system, BSA-NGs loaded with dexamethasone as a model drug were prepared and evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal gravimetry (TG), ascertaining that no ethanol remained in the samples after the freeze-drying process. Furthermore, the viscosity measurements exhibited moderate viscosity, which is suitable for nasal liquid preparations. The in vitro release studies performed with a simulated nasal electrolyte solution (SNES) medium showed 88.15-95.47% drug release within 4 h. In conclusion, BSA nanoparticle gelling matrices can offer potential, value-added drug delivery carriers for improved nasal drug administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Aulia Mardikasari
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (S.A.M.); (B.S.); (R.A.); (I.C.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
| | - Gábor Katona
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (S.A.M.); (B.S.); (R.A.); (I.C.)
| | - Bence Sipos
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (S.A.M.); (B.S.); (R.A.); (I.C.)
| | - Rita Ambrus
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (S.A.M.); (B.S.); (R.A.); (I.C.)
| | - Ildikó Csóka
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (S.A.M.); (B.S.); (R.A.); (I.C.)
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Urashima Y, Ueno T, Takeda C, Kusaba H, Tanaka R, Noda K, Kawakami K, Murakami T, Kawaguchi A, Suemitsu Y, Urashima K, Suzuki K, Kurachi K, Nishihara M, Neo M, Myotoku M, Kobori T, Obata T. Study on enteral nutrient components causing decreased gastric phenytoin absorption. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2023; 47:911-919. [PMID: 37376765 DOI: 10.1002/jpen.2542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previously, we revealed that coadministration of particular enteral nutrients (ENs) decreases plasma concentrations and gastric absorption of phenytoin (PHT), an antiepileptic drug, in rats; however, the mechanism has not been clarified. METHODS We measured the permeability rate of PHT using a Caco-2 cell monolayer as a human intestinal absorption model with casein, soy protein, simulated gastrointestinal digested casein protein (G-casein or P-casein) or simulated gastrointestinal digested soy protein (G-soy or P-soy), dextrin, sucrose, degraded guar gum, indigestible dextrin, calcium, and magnesium, which are abundant in the ENs, and measured the solution's properties. RESULTS We demonstrated that casein (40 mg/ml), G-soy or P-soy (10 mg/ml), and dextrin (100 mg/ml) significantly decreased the permeability rate of PHT compared with the control. By contrast, G-casein or P-casein significantly increased the permeability rate of PHT. We also found that the PHT binding rate to casein 40 mg/ml was 90%. Furthermore, casein 40 mg/ml and dextrin 100 mg/ml have high viscosity. Moreover, G-casein and P-casein significantly decreased the transepithelial electrical resistance of Caco-2 cell monolayers compared with casein and the control. CONCLUSION Casein, digested soy protein, and dextrin decreased the gastric absorption of PHT. However, digested casein decreased PHT absorption by reducing the strength of tight junctions. The composition of ENs may affect the absorption of PHT differently, and these findings would aid in the selection of ENs for orally administered PHT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Urashima
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Ueno
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Chiyuki Takeda
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kusaba
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Rina Tanaka
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Karin Noda
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kanako Kawakami
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takuo Murakami
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Aoi Kawaguchi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuka Suemitsu
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuya Urashima
- Department of Pharmacy, Japan Community Health Care Organization Hoshigaoka Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kaoru Suzuki
- Department of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazumi Kurachi
- Department of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masami Nishihara
- Department of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masashi Neo
- Department of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Michiaki Myotoku
- Laboratory of Practical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Care, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takuro Kobori
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tokio Obata
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, Osaka, Japan
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Nasal administration of a temozolomide-loaded thermoresponsive nanoemulsion reduces tumor growth in a preclinical glioblastoma model. J Control Release 2023; 355:343-357. [PMID: 36731799 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.01.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is the worst and most common primary brain tumor. Temozolomide (TMZ), an alkylating agent, is widely used for treating primary and recurrent high-grade gliomas. However, at least 50% of TMZ treated patients do not respond to TMZ and the development of chemoresistance is a major problem. Here, we designed a lipid nanoemulsion containing a thermoresponsive polymer (poloxamer 407) aiming to improve TMZ release into the brain via nasal delivery. Increasing amounts of poloxamer 407 were added to preformed nanoemulsions (250 nm-range) obtained by spontaneous emulsification. The influence of the polymer concentration (from 2.5% to 12.5%) and temperature on viscosity was clearly evidenced. Such effect was also noticed on the mucoadhesiveness of formulations, as well as TMZ release rate and retention/permeation through nasal porcine mucosa using Franz-type diffusion cells. From these results, a formulation containing 10% of poloxamer (NTMZ-P10) was selected for further experiments by nasal route. A significantly higher TMZ amount was observed in the brain of rats from NTMZ-P10 in comparison with controls. Finally, our results show that formulation reduced significantly tumor growth by three-fold: 103.88 ± 43.67 mm3 (for NTMZ-P10) and 303.28 ± 95.27 mm3 (control). Overall, these results suggest the potential of the thermoresponsive formulation, administered by the non-invasive nasal route, as a future effective glioblastoma treatment.
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Ibrahim A, Abdel Gaber SA, Fawzi Kabil M, Ahmed-Farid OA, Hirsch AK, El-Sherbiny IM, Nasr M. Baicalin lipid nanocapsules for treatment of glioma: Characterization, mechanistic cytotoxicity, and pharmacokinetic evaluation. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2022; 19:1549-1560. [DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2022.2139370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Ibrahim
- Nanomedicine Research Labs, Center for Materials Science, Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6 of October City, 12578, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sara A. Abdel Gaber
- Nanomedicine Department, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Kafr Elsheikh University, Kafr Elsheikh, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Fawzi Kabil
- Nanomedicine Research Labs, Center for Materials Science, Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6 of October City, 12578, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Anna K.H. Hirsch
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Ibrahim M. El-Sherbiny
- Nanomedicine Research Labs, Center for Materials Science, Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6 of October City, 12578, Giza, Egypt
| | - Maha Nasr
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Formulation of plumbagin-loaded microemulsion: Evaluation of anti-rheumatoid efficacy in Wistar rat model. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Abdulla NA, Balata GF, El-ghamry HA, Gomaa E. Intranasal delivery of Clozapine using nanoemulsion-based in-situ gels: An approach for bioavailability enhancement. Saudi Pharm J 2022; 29:1466-1485. [PMID: 35002385 PMCID: PMC8720818 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2021.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Limited solubility and hepatic first-pass metabolism are the main causes of low bioavailability of anti-schizophrenic drug, Clozapine (CZP). The objective of the study was to develop and validate nanoemulsion (NE) based in-situ gel of CZP for intranasal administration as an approach for bioavailability enhancement. Solubility of CZP was initially investigated in different oils, surfactants and co-surfactants, then pseudoternary phase diagrams were constructed to select the optimized ratio of oil, surfactant and co-surfactant. Clear and transparent NE formulations were characterized in terms of droplet size, viscosity, solubilization capacity, transmission electron microscopy, in-vitro drug release and compatibility studies. Selected NEs were incorporated into different in-situ gel bases using combination of two thermosensitive polymers; Pluronic® F-127 (PF127) and F-68 (PF68). NE-based gels (NG) were investigated for gelation temperature, viscosity, gel strength, spreadability and stability. Moreover, selected NGs were evaluated for ex-vivo permeation, mucoadhesive strength and nasal ciliotoxicity. Peppermint oil, tween 80 and transcutol P were chosen for NE preparation owing to their maximum CZP solubilization. Clear NE points extrapolated from tween 80:transcutol P (1:1) phase diagram and passed dispersibility and stability tests, demonstrated globule size of 67.99 to 354.96 nm and zeta potential of −12.4 to −3.11 mV with enhanced in-vitro CZP release (>90% in some formulations). After incorporation of the selected N3 and N9 formulations of oil:Smix of 1:7 and 2:7, respectively to a mixture of PF127 and PF68 (20:2% w/w), the resultant NG formulations exhibited optimum gelation temperature and viscosity with enhanced CZP permeation and retention through sheep nasal mucosa. Ciliotoxicity examinations of the optimum NGs displayed no inflammation or damage of the lining epithelium and the underlying cells of the nasal mucosa. In conclusion, NE-based gels may be a promising dosage form of CZP for schizophrenia treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nourhan A. Abdulla
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
- Corresponding author.
| | - Gehan F. Balata
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hanaa A. El-ghamry
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Eman Gomaa
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Kiran P, Debnath SK, Neekhra S, Pawar V, Khan A, Dias F, Pallod S, Srivastava R. Designing nanoformulation for the nose-to-brain delivery in Parkinson's disease: Advancements and barrier. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 14:e1768. [PMID: 34825510 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD), a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, which results in the loss of motor activity. In the management of PD, the primary aim is to increase the dopamine content in the brain either by delivering the precursors of dopamine or by inhibiting the molecules responsible for dopamine degradation. Due to the low bioavailability, a higher dosage of drugs needs to be administered repeatedly for achieving the desired therapeutic effect. This repeated high dose not only increases the severe side effects but also produces tolerance in the body. Often, direct administration of drugs fails to ameliorate the symptoms as the unmodified drugs cannot cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Nanotherapeutic is at the forefront of the alternative treatment against the central nervous system (CNS) disorders due to the ability to circumvents the BBB. Here, all the available treatments for PD have been discussed with their limitation. The current trends of nanotherapeutics for PD have been explored. Suitability and formulation prospects for nasal delivery have been analyzed in detail to explore new research scope. The most effective approach is the nose-to-brain delivery for targeting drugs directly to the brain. This delivery bypasses the BBB and concentrates more drugs at the target site. Thus, developments of nose-to-brain delivery of nanoformulations explicit the new scope to manage PD better. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Kiran
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Sujit Kumar Debnath
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Suditi Neekhra
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Vaishali Pawar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Amreen Khan
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
- Centre for Research in Nanotechnology and Science, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Faith Dias
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Shubham Pallod
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Rohit Srivastava
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
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Shen L, Hou X, Wang Z, Guo T, He Z, Ruan S, Liu Z, Ruan H, Zhang Y, Feng N. O/W microemulsion droplets diffuse through hydrogel network to achieve enhanced transdermal drug delivery. Drug Deliv 2021; 28:2062-2070. [PMID: 34595985 PMCID: PMC8491714 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2021.1983073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
To overcome the poor water solubility of total flavones of Arisaematis rhizoma, microemulsions (MEs) can be used as a carrier for transdermal administration to promote their solubilization and skin permeability. Here, we investigated the physical compatibility of MEs in hydrogels and their skin permeation-enhancing effects. Transparency of microemulsion-based hydrogels (MBGs) was analyzed to evaluate ME compatibility with different hydrogel matrices. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were used to explore the microstructures of MBGs and ME–hydrogel combinations. Uniform and transparent MBG was obtained by adding 1% sodium hyaluronate (SH) to the optimized ME. MBG prepared with SH as a matrix expressed pseudoplastic-fluid and shear-thinning characteristics, making it easy to apply in clinical settings. No new FTIR peak occurred in the MBG compared with ME and hydrogel matrix, indicating a physical combination of ME and the polymer network gel. Nanoscale droplets of ME migrated in the gel network, and the migration capacity and in vitro transdermal permeation flux negatively correlated with SH concentration in the gel system. In conclusion, in MBGs, ME can keep nanoscale droplets migrating in the hydrogel network, thereby enhancing transdermal drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Shen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Hebi, Hebi, China
| | - Xiaolin Hou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Teng Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zehui He
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuyao Ruan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenda Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hang Ruan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongtai Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Nianping Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Katdare A, Khunt D, Thakkar S, Polaka SN, Misra M. Comparative evaluation of fish oil and butter oil in modulating delivery of galantamine hydrobromide to brain via intranasal route: pharmacokinetic and oxidative stress studies. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 10:1136-1146. [PMID: 32219727 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-020-00739-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigates the role of fish oil (FO)- and butter oil (BO)-enriched microemulsion-based system of galantamine hydrobromide (GH), an anti-Alzheimer drug, for its potential role in brain permeation enhancement and neuroprotection against oxidative stress. Microemulsion (ME)-based system of GH was prepared using water phase titration. The prepared ME was characterized by several physicochemical parameters like particle size, polydispersity index, and ex vivo drug permeation. Cell-based oxidative stress assays and pharmacokinetic studies were performed using C6 glial cell lines, and Sprague Dawley rats, respectively. The optimized ME comprised 5.3% v/v of Capmul MCM EP (as oil),15.8% v/v of Tween-80 (as surfactant), 5.3% v/v of Transcutol P (as co-surfactant), and 73.6% v/v of water (as aqueous phase). The addition of FO and BO resulted in a slight increase in the droplet size and decrease in transparency of ME. Cell-based anti-oxidative stress assays (glutathione assay, nitrite assay, and lipid peroxidation assay) showed the efficacy of formulation in the order of ME, BO ME, and FO ME, respectively. A similar trend was also observed in in vivo animal studies, wherein GH FO ME showed a comparatively higher percentage of drug reaching the brain when administered by intranasal route than by IV route. The study concluded the potential benefits of co-administering FO- and BO-enriched microemulsion is not only enhancing the permeation of drugs across BBB but also improving efficacy against lipopolysaccharide-induced oxidative stress. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aakash Katdare
- Department of Pharmaceutics, NIPER-Ahmedabad, Palaj, Opp. Air force Station Headquarter, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India
| | - Dignesh Khunt
- Department of Pharmaceutics, NIPER-Ahmedabad, Palaj, Opp. Air force Station Headquarter, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India
| | - Shreya Thakkar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, NIPER-Ahmedabad, Palaj, Opp. Air force Station Headquarter, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India
| | - Surya Narayana Polaka
- Department of Pharmaceutics, NIPER-Ahmedabad, Palaj, Opp. Air force Station Headquarter, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India
| | - Manju Misra
- Department of Pharmaceutics, NIPER-Ahmedabad, Palaj, Opp. Air force Station Headquarter, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India.
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Deruyver L, Rigaut C, Lambert P, Haut B, Goole J. The importance of pre-formulation studies and of 3D-printed nasal casts in the success of a pharmaceutical product intended for nose-to-brain delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 175:113826. [PMID: 34119575 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This review aims to cement three hot topics in drug delivery: (a) the pre-formulation of new products intended for nose-to-brain delivery; (b) the development of nasal casts for studying the efficacy of potential new nose-to-brain delivery systems at the early of their development (pre-formulation); (c) the use of 3D printing based on a wide variety of materials (transparent, biocompatible, flexible) providing an unprecedented fabrication tool towards personalized medicine by printing nasal cast on-demand based on CT scans of patients. This review intends to show the links between these three subjects. Indeed, the pathway selected to administrate the drug to the brain not only influence the formulation strategies to implement but also the design of the cast, to get the most convincing measures from it. Moreover, the design of the cast himself influences the choice of the 3D-printing technology, which, in its turn, bring more constraints to the nasal replica design. Consequently, the formulation of the drug, the cast preparation and its realisation should be thought of as a whole and not separately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Deruyver
- Laboratoire de Pharmacie Galénique et de Biopharmacie, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Clément Rigaut
- TIPs (Transfers, Interfaces and Processes), Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Lambert
- TIPs (Transfers, Interfaces and Processes), Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Benoît Haut
- TIPs (Transfers, Interfaces and Processes), Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jonathan Goole
- Laboratoire de Pharmacie Galénique et de Biopharmacie, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.
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Yoshino N, Kawamura H, Sugiyama I, Sasaki Y, Odagiri T, Sadzuka Y, Muraki Y. A systematic assessment of the relationship between synthetic surfactants and mucosal adjuvanticity. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 165:113-126. [PMID: 34004335 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Intranasal immunization with surfactants as vaccine adjuvants enhances protective immunity against invasive mucosal pathogens. However, the effects of surfactants and their adjuvanticity on mucosal immune responses remain unclear. Comparison of the mucosal adjuvanticity of 20 water-soluble surfactants from the four classes based upon the polarity composition of the hydrophilic headgroup revealed that the order of mucosal adjuvanticity was as follows: amphoteric > nonionic > cationic > anionic. Within the same class, each surfactant displayed different adjuvanticity values. Analysis of the diameter and ζ-potential of amphoteric surfactant-OVA complexes and their surface physicochemical properties revealed that the diameter was approximately 100 nm, which is considered suitable for immune induction, and that the ζ-potential of the anionic surfactant-OVA complexes was exceedingly negative. The increase in the number of carbon atoms in the hydrophobic tailgroups of the amphoteric surfactant resulted in an increase in the OVA-specific Ab titers. Our findings demonstrate that amphoteric surfactants exhibit potent mucosal adjuvanticity and highlight the importance of the number of carbon atoms in the tailgroups and the diameter and ζ-potential of the complexes when designing mucosal adjuvants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Yoshino
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate 028-3694, Japan.
| | - Hanae Kawamura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, 2-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate 028-3694, Japan
| | - Ikumi Sugiyama
- Division of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate 028-3694, Japan
| | - Yutaka Sasaki
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate 028-3694, Japan
| | - Takashi Odagiri
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate 028-3694, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Sadzuka
- Division of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate 028-3694, Japan
| | - Yasushi Muraki
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate 028-3694, Japan
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Gurgel Assis MS, Fernandes Pedrosa TC, de Moraes FS, Caldeira TG, Pereira GR, de Souza J, Ruela ALM. Novel Insights to Enhance Therapeutics With Acyclovir in the Management of Herpes Simplex Encephalitis. J Pharm Sci 2021; 110:1557-1571. [PMID: 33450220 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2021.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Acyclovir is an antiviral drug poorly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract due to its hydrophilicity, with low oral bioavailability (~20%). Although acyclovir is prescribed in the management of herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE), the disease has a poor prognosis, particularly if the treatment is delayed, reaching mortality rates of 70% if left untreated. Thus, high acyclovir doses are administered by intravenous (IV) infusion, usually at a dosage of 10 mg kg-1 8-hourly in adults with normal renal function. However, the mortality related to HSE treated with acyclovir remains high (~20%) and permanent sequelae are commonly reported after 1 year (~50%). This review analyzed clinical trials following IV acyclovir administration. Novel insights aiming to improve drug bioavailability were reviewed, including acyclovir or its prodrugs, leading to the systemic distribution of the drug or drug targeting. Much research effort has been made to improve antiviral therapy, searching for delivery systems increasing acyclovir bioavailability by non-invasive pathways, such as oral and nasal pathways, or parenterally administered nanotechnology-based systems leading to drug targeting. Nanocarriers administered by non-invasive pathways represent feasible alternatives to treat HSE, even though not be industrially manufactured yet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Silvia Gurgel Assis
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda Segurasse de Moraes
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Tamires Guedes Caldeira
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences-CiPharma, School of Pharmacy, UFOP, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Ribeiro Pereira
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG), Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Jacqueline de Souza
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - André Luís Morais Ruela
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Mena-Hernández J, Jung-Cook H, Llaguno-Munive M, García-López P, Ganem-Rondero A, López-Ramírez S, Barragán-Aroche F, Rivera-Huerta M, Mayet-Cruz L. Preparation and Evaluation of Mebendazole Microemulsion for Intranasal Delivery: an Alternative Approach for Glioblastoma Treatment. AAPS PharmSciTech 2020; 21:264. [PMID: 32980937 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-020-01805-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Although mebendazole (MBZ) has demonstrated antitumor activity in glioblastoma models, the drug has low aqueous solubility and therefore is poorly absorbed. Considering that other strategies are needed to improve its bioavailability, the current study was aimed to develop and evaluate novel microemulsions of MBZ (MBZ-NaH ME) for intranasal administration. MBZ raw materials were characterized by FTIR, DSC, and XDP. Subsequently, the raw material that contained mainly polymorph C was selected to prepare microemulsions. Two different oleic acid (OA) systems were selected. Formulation A was composed of OA and docosahexaenoic acid (3:1% w/w), while formulation B was composed of OA and Labrafil M2125 (1:1% w/w). Sodium hyaluronate (NaH) at 0.1% was selected as a mucoadhesive agent. MBZ MEs showed a particle size of 209 nm and 145 nm, respectively, and the pH was suitable for nasal formulations (4.5-6.5). Formulation B, which showed the best solubility and rheological behavior, was selected for intranasal evaluation. The nasal toxicity study revealed no damage in the epithelium. Furthermore, formulation B improved significantly the median survival time in the orthotopic C6 rat model compared to the control group. Moreover, NIRF signal intensity revealed a decrease in tumor growth in the treated group with MBZ-MaH ME, which was confirmed by histologic examinations. Results suggest that the intranasal administration of mebendazole-loaded microemulsion might be appropriated for glioblastoma treatment. Graphical abstract.
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Sipos B, Szabó-Révész P, Csóka I, Pallagi E, Dobó DG, Bélteky P, Kónya Z, Deák Á, Janovák L, Katona G. Quality by Design Based Formulation Study of Meloxicam-Loaded Polymeric Micelles for Intranasal Administration. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12080697. [PMID: 32722099 PMCID: PMC7464185 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12080697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Our study aimed to develop an “ex tempore” reconstitutable, viscosity enhancer- and preservative-free meloxicam (MEL)-loaded polymeric micelle formulation, via Quality by Design (QbD) approach, exploiting the nose-to-brain pathway, as a suitable tool in the treatment of neuroinflammation. The anti-neuroinflammatory effect of nose-to-brain NSAID polymeric micelles was not studied previously, therefore its investigation is promising. Critical product parameters, encapsulation efficiency (89.4%), Z-average (101.22 ± 2.8 nm) and polydispersity index (0.149 ± 0.7) and zeta potential (−25.2 ± 0.4 mV) met the requirements of the intranasal drug delivery system (nanoDDS) and the targeted profile liquid formulation was transformed into a solid preservative-free product by freeze-drying. The viscosity (32.5 ± 0.28 mPas) and hypotonic osmolality (240 mOsmol/L) of the reconstituted formulation provides proper and enhanced absorption and probably guarantees the administration of the liquid dosage form (nasal drop and spray). The developed formulation resulted in more than 20 times faster MEL dissolution rate and five-fold higher nasal permeability compared to starting MEL. The prediction of IVIVC confirmed the great potential for in vivo brain distribution of MEL. The nose-to-brain delivery of NSAIDs such as MEL by means of nanoDDS as polymeric micelles offers an innovative opportunity to treat neuroinflammation more effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bence Sipos
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (B.S.); (P.S.-R.); (I.C.); (E.P.); (D.G.D.)
| | - Piroska Szabó-Révész
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (B.S.); (P.S.-R.); (I.C.); (E.P.); (D.G.D.)
| | - Ildikó Csóka
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (B.S.); (P.S.-R.); (I.C.); (E.P.); (D.G.D.)
| | - Edina Pallagi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (B.S.); (P.S.-R.); (I.C.); (E.P.); (D.G.D.)
| | - Dorina Gabriella Dobó
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (B.S.); (P.S.-R.); (I.C.); (E.P.); (D.G.D.)
| | - Péter Bélteky
- Faculty of Science and Informatics, Department of Applied & Environmental Chemistry, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (P.B.); (Z.K.)
| | - Zoltán Kónya
- Faculty of Science and Informatics, Department of Applied & Environmental Chemistry, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (P.B.); (Z.K.)
| | - Ágota Deák
- Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (Á.D.); (L.J.)
| | - László Janovák
- Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (Á.D.); (L.J.)
| | - Gábor Katona
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (B.S.); (P.S.-R.); (I.C.); (E.P.); (D.G.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +36-62-545-575
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Jelkmann M, Leichner C, Zaichik S, Laffleur F, Bernkop-Schnürch A. A gellan gum derivative as in-situ gelling cationic polymer for nasal drug delivery. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 158:1037-1046. [PMID: 32380110 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was the development of a novel gellan gum derivative exhibiting mucoadhesive properties for nasal application. Accomplishing this, amino groups have been introduced to the polymeric backbone. The resulting synthesis products were characterized in terms of the amount of attached amino groups, regarding hydration, zeta potential and gel characteristics. Mucoadhesiveness was assessed studying rheological synergism, by rotating cylinder and regarding tensile studies. Next to erythrocyte-/cytotoxicity evaluation, the impact on ciliary beat frequency of nasal epithelial cells was investigated. Results revealed coupling rates up to 1259.50 ± 75.98 μmol/g polymer as well as accelerated hydration of the derivatives. Comparing aminated with unmodified gellan, enhanced mucoadhesion was verified by a 32-fold increase in viscosity of polymer/mucus mixtures and by a 14-fold extended mucosal adhesion time. Tensile studies demonstrated a 9-fold higher total work of adhesion and a 3.75-fold elevated maximum detachment force. Cellular membrane was not seriously impaired. CBF studies proved a reversible inhibition due to the application of the novel derivative. According to the outlined findings, aminated gellan gum can be considered as a promising excipient for nasal dosage forms improving drug bioavailability by superior adhesive features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Jelkmann
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christina Leichner
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sergey Zaichik
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Flavia Laffleur
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Bernkop-Schnürch
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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Zhang Y, Zhang K, Wang Z, Hu H, Jing Q, Li Y, Guo T, Feng N. Transcutol® P/Cremophor® EL/Ethyl Oleate-Formulated Microemulsion Loaded into Hyaluronic Acid-Based Hydrogel for Improved Transdermal Delivery and Biosafety of Ibuprofen. AAPS PharmSciTech 2019; 21:22. [PMID: 31823083 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-019-1584-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, a novel transdermal delivery system was developed and its advantages were demonstrated. Ibuprofen is a commonly used anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic drug; however, because of its short biological half-life, it must be frequently administered orally and is highly irritating to the digestive tract. To prepare a novel transdermal delivery system for ibuprofen, a microemulsion was used as a drug carrier and dispersed in a hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel (ME/Gel) to increase percutaneous drug absorption while avoiding gastrointestinal tract irritation. The prepared microemulsion had a droplet size of ~ 90 nm, and the microemulsion had good stability in the hydrogel. Rheological tests revealed that the ME/Gel is a pseudoplastic fluid with decreased viscosity and increased shear rate. It displayed a certain viscoelasticity, and the microemulsion distribution displayed minor effects on the rheological characteristics of the hydrogel system. There was no significant difference in the rheology of the ME/Gel at 25°C and 32°C (normal skin surface temperature), which is beneficial for clinical application. Drug transdermal flux was significantly higher than that of the hydrogel and commercial cream groups (p < 0.01). The 24-h cumulative drug permeation amount was 1.42-fold and 2.52-fold higher than that of the hydrogel and cream groups, respectively. By loading into the ME/Gel, the cytotoxicity of the drug to HaCaT cells was reduced. These results indicate that the prepared ME/Gel can effectively improve transdermal ibuprofen delivery and the biosafety of the drug and could therefore have applicability as a drug delivery system.
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18
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Intranasal drug delivery of iodo-haloperidol as a radiopharmaceutical brain imaging agent. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-018-6359-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Ramreddy S, Janapareddi K. Brain targeting of chitosan-based diazepam mucoadhesive microemulsions via nasal route: formulation optimization, characterization, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evaluation. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2018; 45:147-158. [PMID: 30230386 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2018.1526186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of present investigation was to develop microemulsions (MEs) and mucoadhesive microemulsions (MME) of diazepam for brain uptake through nasal administration for the treatment of seizure emergency. SIGNIFICANCE Status epilepticus (SE) is a medical emergency, requires intravenous administration of diazepam which requires hospitalization of patient. Initiation of therapy at home via nasal administration of diazepam could prevent the damage of brain due to delay of therapy initiation. METHODS Diazepam MEs were prepared by phase titration method, optimized by using Box-Behnken design. The influence of independent variables oleic acid, surfactant mixture (tween 80:propylene glycol), and water on dependent variables size, flux, and zeta potential was investigated. Optimized MEs, MMEs, and Calmpose (i.v route) were evaluated for pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies on rats. RESULTS MME2 composed of oleic acid (5), surfactant mixture (50), water (45), and chitosan (0.5) showed size of 96.45 nm, PDI 0.21 and zeta potential 13.52 mV. MME2 showed significantly high flux of 846.96 ± 34 µg/cm2/h and AUCbrain 1206.49 ± 145.8. The drug targeting efficiency (314%) and direct nose-to-brain transport (68.1%) of MME2 were significantly high compared to Calmpose (i.v) and ME. The latency periods of minimal clonal seizures and generalized tonic-clonic seizures of MME2 was significantly increased (p < 0.0001) compared to drug solution and Calmpose (i.v). CONCLUSION The brain uptake of diazepam from chitosan-based MMEs via nasal route is significantly high compared to i.v route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srividya Ramreddy
- a Department of Pharmaceutics, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Kakatiya University , Warangal , T.S , India
| | - Krishnaveni Janapareddi
- a Department of Pharmaceutics, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Kakatiya University , Warangal , T.S , India
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Gangurde PK, Ajitkumar B. N, Kumar L. Lamotrigine Lipid Nanoparticles for Effective Treatment of Epilepsy: a Focus on Brain Targeting via Nasal Route. J Pharm Innov 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12247-018-9343-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Colombo M, Figueiró F, de Fraga Dias A, Teixeira HF, Battastini AMO, Koester LS. Kaempferol-loaded mucoadhesive nanoemulsion for intranasal administration reduces glioma growth in vitro. Int J Pharm 2018; 543:214-223. [PMID: 29605695 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In order to search for new approaches to treat glioma, intranasal administration has been proposed as an alternative route to deliver drugs into the brain. Among the drug alternatives, kaempferol (KPF) has been reported to induce glioma cell death. This study aimed to prepare nanoemulsions containing KPF with and without chitosan to investigate their potential for brain delivery following intranasal administration, and to evaluate their antitumor activity against glioma cells. KPF-loaded nanoemulsion (KPF-NE) and KPF-loaded mucoadhesive nanoemulsion (KPF-MNE) were prepared by high-pressure homogenization technique and were characterized for their globule size, zeta potential, drug content, pH, viscosity, mucoadhesive strength and morphology. KPF from KPF-MNE showed significantly higher permeation across the mucosa in ex vivo diffusion studies. Histopathological examination suggests both nanoemulsions to be safe for the nasal mucosa and able to preserve KPF antioxidant capability. KPF-MNE enhanced significantly the amount of drug into rat's brain following intranasal administration (5- and 4.5-fold higher than free drug and KPF-NE, respectively). In addition, KPF-MNE reduced C6 glioma cell viability through induction of apoptosis to a greater extent than either free KPF or KPF-NE. The mucoadhesive nanoemulsion developed for intranasal administration may be a promising system for delivery to the brain, and KPF-MNE is a candidate for further antiglioma trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Colombo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Ipiranga, 2752, 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Figueiró
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Av. Ramiro Barcelos, 2600, Anexo, 90035-003 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Av. Ramiro Barcelos, 2600, Anexo, 90035-003 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Amanda de Fraga Dias
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Av. Ramiro Barcelos, 2600, Anexo, 90035-003 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Helder Ferreira Teixeira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Ipiranga, 2752, 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Oliveira Battastini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Av. Ramiro Barcelos, 2600, Anexo, 90035-003 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Av. Ramiro Barcelos, 2600, Anexo, 90035-003 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Letícia Scherer Koester
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Ipiranga, 2752, 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Tanaka A, Furubayashi T, Yamasaki H, Takano K, Kawakami M, Kimura S, Inoue D, Katsumi H, Sakane T, Yamamoto A. The Enhancement of Nasal Drug Absorption From Powder Formulations by the Addition of Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose. IEEE Trans Nanobioscience 2017; 15:798-803. [PMID: 28060709 DOI: 10.1109/tnb.2016.2612682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
For nasal drug absorption, powder formulations can be expected to provide many advantages. The first aim of this study was to examine drug absorption following nasal administration of powder formulations in rats. Pharmaceutical excipients are typically added to most powder formulations. The second aim was to investigate the change in nasal drug absorption of powder formulations in the presence of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na). Model drugs used were norfloxacin (NFX), warfarin (WF), and piroxicam (PXC). The absorption from bulk powders is different from that of solutions. The absorption of PXC and WF from powder formulations was enhanced compared to those of the other solutions, while that of NFX, which has a low solubility, was decreased, suggesting that the nasal absorption of many drugs, except poorly soluble drugs, is enhanced when they are administered as powder formulations. CMC-Na enhanced the absorption of NFX and PXC. The presence of CMC-Na slightly decreased the absorption of WF. In vitro transepithelial transport from the powder formulation was not affected by the presence of CMC-Na. Furthermore, the nasal retention of the powder formulation was significantly increased in the presence of CMC-Na. In conclusion, the nasal absorption of many drugs, except those that are poorly soluble, can be increased by administering them as a powder formulation and the nasal absorption of the formulation is enhanced further in the presence of CMC-Na.
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Mandal SD, Mandal S, Patel J. Intranasal mucoadhesivemicroemulsion for neuroprotective effect of curcuminin mptp induced Parkinson model. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902017000215223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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24
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Shah B, Khunt D, Misra M, Padh H. Non-invasive intranasal delivery of quetiapine fumarate loaded microemulsion for brain targeting: Formulation, physicochemical and pharmacokinetic consideration. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 91:196-207. [PMID: 27174656 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Systemic drug delivery in schizophrenia is a major challenge due to presence of obstacles like, blood-brain barrier and P-glycoprotein, which prohibit entry of drugs into the brain. Quetiapine fumarate (QF), a substrate to P-glycoprotein under goes extensive first pass metabolism leading to limited absorption thus necessitating frequent oral administration. The aim of this study was to develop QF based microemulsion (ME) with and without chitosan (CH) to investigate its potential use in improving the bioavailability and brain targeting efficiency following non-invasive intranasal administration. QF loaded ME and mucoadhesive ME (MME) showed globule size, pH and viscosity in the range of 29-47nm, 5.5-6.5 and 17-40cP respectively. CH-ME with spherical globules having mean size of 35.31±1.71nm, pH value of 5.61±0.16 showed highest ex-vivo nasal diffusion (78.26±3.29%) in 8h with no sign of structural damage upon histopathological examination. Circular plume with an ovality ratio closer to 1.3 for CH-ME depicted ideal spray pattern. Significantly higher brain/blood ratio of CH-ME in comparison to QF-ME and drug solution following intranasal administration revealed prolonged retention of QF at site of action suggesting superiority of CH as permeability enhancer. Following intranasal administration, 2.7 and 3.8 folds higher nasal bioavailability in brain with CH-ME compared to QF-ME and drug solution respectively is indicative of preferential nose to brain transport (80.51±6.46%) bypassing blood-brain barrier. Overall, the above finding shows promising results in the area of developing non-invasive intranasal route as an alternative to oral route for brain delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brijesh Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, B. V. Patel PERD Centre, Ahmedabad 380054, India.
| | - Dignesh Khunt
- Department of Pharmaceutics, NIPER-Ahmedabad, C/O. B. V. Patel PERD Centre, Ahmedabad, India.
| | - Manju Misra
- Department of Pharmaceutics, NIPER-Ahmedabad, C/O. B. V. Patel PERD Centre, Ahmedabad, India.
| | - Harish Padh
- Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, India.
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25
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Shingaki T, Katayama Y, Nakaoka T, Irie S, Onoe K, Okauchi T, Hayashinaka E, Yamaguchi M, Tanki N, Ose T, Hayashi T, Wada Y, Furubayashi T, Cui Y, Sakane T, Watanabe Y. Visualization of drug translocation in the nasal cavity and pharmacokinetic analysis on nasal drug absorption using positron emission tomography in the rat. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2015; 99:45-53. [PMID: 26639201 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2015.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
We performed positron emission tomography (PET) using 2-deoxy-2-[(18)F]fluoro-D-glucose ([(18)F]FDG) to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of nasal drug absorption in the rat. The dosing solution of [(18)F]FDG was varied in volume (ranging from 5 to 25 μl) and viscosity (using 0% to 3% concentrations of hydroxypropylcellulose). We modeled the pharmacokinetic parameters regarding the nasal cavity and pharynx using mass balance equations, and evaluated the values that were obtained by fitting concentration-time profiles using WinNonlin® software. The regional nasal permeability was also estimated using the active surface area derived from the PET images. The translocation of [(18)F]FDG from the nasal cavity was visualized using PET. Analysis of the PET imaging data revealed that the pharmacokinetic parameters were independent of the dosing solution volume; however, the viscosity increased the absorption rate constant and decreased the mucociliary clearance rate constant. Nasal permeability was initially higher but subsequently decreased until the end of the study, indicating regional differences in permeability in the nasal cavity. We concluded that the visualization of drug translocation in the nasal cavity in the rat using PET enables quantitative analysis of nasal drug absorption, thereby facilitating the development of nasal formulations for human use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomotaka Shingaki
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 6-7-3 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan.
| | - Yumiko Katayama
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 6-7-3 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Nakaoka
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 6-7-3 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - Satsuki Irie
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 6-7-3 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - Kayo Onoe
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 6-7-3 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - Takashi Okauchi
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 6-7-3 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - Emi Hayashinaka
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 6-7-3 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - Masataka Yamaguchi
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 6-7-3 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - Nobuyoshi Tanki
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 6-7-3 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ose
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 6-7-3 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - Takuya Hayashi
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 6-7-3 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Wada
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 6-7-3 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Furubayashi
- School of Pharmacy, Shujitsu University, 1-6-1 Nishigawara, Naka-ku, Okayama 703-8516, Japan
| | - Yilong Cui
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 6-7-3 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - Toshiyasu Sakane
- Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 5 Misasaginakauchi-cho, Yamashina, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Yasuyoshi Watanabe
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 6-7-3 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
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26
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Ren Q, Deng C, Meng L, Chen Y, Chen L, Sha X, Fang X. In vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo evaluation of the effect of saturated fat acid chain length on the transdermal behavior of ibuprofen-loaded microemulsions. J Pharm Sci 2014; 103:1680-91. [PMID: 24700251 DOI: 10.1002/jps.23958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Revised: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the effect of the saturated fatty acid (FA) chain length in the oil phase on the behavior of Ibuprofen (IBU)-loaded transdermal microemulsion (ME) was evaluated in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo. Three oils classified as long (LFA), medium (MFA), and short (SFA) chain length oils, Cremophor RH40 (surfactant) and Transcutol P (cosurfactant) were selected after experimental optimization. The physicochemical properties of ME were characterized, including IBU solubility in excipients, pseudo-ternary phase diagram construction, particle size, zeta potential, viscosity, and stability. Permeation flux and residual amount of IBU ex vivo using Franz cell system occurred in the following order: MFA-based ME > LFA-based ME > SFA-based ME, which correlated well with the results of confocal scanning laser microscopy study and the in vivo retention study. The results of in vitro cytotoxicity study and skin irritation tests measured by differential scanning calorimetry were ranked in the following order: LFA-based ME > MFA-based ME > SFA-based ME. Moreover, MFA-based ME has the highest analgesic activity among all the treatment groups. MFA was found to be an optimal oil phase with appropriate FA chain length for IBU-loaded transdermal ME, which exhibited excellent physicochemical properties, low toxicity, and good permeability profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyue Ren
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
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Shah BM, Misra M, Shishoo CJ, Padh H. Nose to brain microemulsion-based drug delivery system of rivastigmine: formulation and ex-vivo characterization. Drug Deliv 2014; 22:918-30. [PMID: 24467601 PMCID: PMC11133781 DOI: 10.3109/10717544.2013.878857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder leading to irreversible loss of neurons, cognition and formation of abnormal protein aggregates. Rivastigmine, a reversible cholinesterase inhibitor used for the treatment of AD, undergoes extensive first-pass metabolism, thus limiting its absolute bioavailability to only 36% after 3-mg dose. Due to extreme aqueous solubility, rivastigmine shows poor penetration and lesser concentration in the brain thus requiring frequent oral dosing. This investigation was aimed to formulate microemulsion (ME) and mucoadhesive microemulsions (MMEs) of rivastigmine for nose to brain delivery and to compare percentage drug diffused for both systems using in-vitro and ex-vivo study. Rivastigmine-loaded ME and MMEs were prepared by titration method and characterized for drug content, globule size distribution, zeta potential, pH, viscosity and nasal ciliotoxicity study. Rivastigmine-loaded ME system containing 8% w/w Capmul MCM EP, 44% w/w Labrasol:Transcutol-P (1:1) and 48% w/w distilled water was formulated, whereas 0.3% w/w chitosan (CH) and cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (as mucoadhesive agents) were used to formulate MMEs, respectively. ME and MMEs formulations were transparent with drug content, globule size and zeta potential in the range of 98.59% to 99.43%, 53.8 nm to 55.4 nm and -2.73 mV to 6.52 mV, respectively. MME containing 0.3% w/w CH followed Higuchi model (r(2) = 0.9773) and showed highest diffusion coefficient. It was free from nasal ciliotoxicity and stable for three months. However, the potential of developed CH-based MME for nose to brain delivery of rivastigmine can only be established after in-vivo and biodistribution study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brijesh M. Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, B. V. Patel PERD Centre, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Manju Misra
- Department of Pharmaceutics, NIPER-Ahmedabad, C/O B. V. Patel PERD Centre, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India, and
| | | | - Harish Padh
- Vice Chancellor, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India
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Wang S, Chen P, Zhang L, Yang C, Zhai G. Formulation and evaluation of microemulsion-based in situ ion-sensitive gelling systems for intranasal administration of curcumin. J Drug Target 2012; 20:831-40. [PMID: 22934854 DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2012.719230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of our study was to develop a microemulsion-based in situ ion-sensitive gelling system for intranasal administration of curcumin. A new microemulsion composition for curcumin was optimized with the simple lattice design. And the microemulsion-based in situ ion-sensitive gelling system consisted of Capryol 90 as oil phase, Solutol HS15 as surfactant, Transcutol HP as cosurfactant and 0.3% DGG solution as water phase. The physicochemical properties such as morphology, droplet size distribution, zeta value and the in vitro release were investigated. In addition, the histological section studies on the reaction between the obtained formulation and nasal mucosa showed that the microemulsion-based in situ ion-sensitive gelling system could not produce obvious damage to nasal mucosa. The pharmacokinetics results showed that the absolute bioavailability of curcumin in the microemulsion-based in situ ion-sensitive gelling system was 55.82% by intranasal administration. And the brain targeting index (BTI) was 6.50, and in the tissue distribution experiment, the value of (AUC(brain)/AUC(blood)) following intranasal administration was higher than that following intravenous administration, suggesting that the obvious brain targeting property by nasal delivery be attributed to a direct nose-to-brain drug transport. It can be concluded that the microemulsion-based in situ gelling as an effective and safe vehicle could greatly enhance the in vivo absorption and facilitate the delivery of curcumin to brain by intranasal administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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29
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Abstract
Intranasal drug delivery has attracted increasing attention as a noninvasive route of administration for therapeutic proteins and peptides. The delivery of therapeutic peptides through the nasal route provides an alternative to intravenous or subcutaneous injections. This review highlights the drug-development considerations unique to nasal therapeutics and discusses some of the factors and strategies that affect and can improve nasal absorption of peptides. The selectivity and good safety profile typical of peptide therapeutics, along with the dose limitation for intranasal administration, can provide challenges in drug development. Therefore, nasal peptide therapeutics often require special considerations in the nonclinical safety evaluations, such as determining drug exposure in the context of the maximum feasible dose in order to adequately prepare nasal products for clinical studies.
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Abstract
The concept of mucoadhesion and the molecular design requirements for the synthesis of mucoadhesive agents are both well understood and, as a result, hydrogel formulations that may be applied to mucosal surfaces are readily accessible. Nanosized hydrogel systems that make use of biological recognition or targeting motifs, by reacting to disease-specific environmental triggers and/or chemical signals to affect drug release, are now emerging as components of a new generation of therapeutics that promise improved residence time, faster response to stimuli and triggered release.
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Cho HJ, Ku WS, Termsarasab U, Yoon I, Chung CW, Moon HT, Kim DD. Development of udenafil-loaded microemulsions for intranasal delivery: in vitro and in vivo evaluations. Int J Pharm 2011; 423:153-60. [PMID: 22209996 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2011.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2011] [Revised: 11/29/2011] [Accepted: 12/15/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
To achieve rapid onset of action and improved bioavailability of udenafil, a microemulsion system was developed for its intranasal delivery. Phase behavior, particle size, transmission electron microscope (TEM) images, and the drug solubilization capacity of the microemulsion were investigated. A single isotropic region was found in pseudo-ternary phase diagrams developed at various ratios with CapMul MCM L8 as an oil, Labrasol as a surfactant, and Transcutol or its mixture with ethanol (1:0.25, v/v) as a cosurfactant. Optimized microemulsion formulations with a mean diameter of 120-154 nm achieved enhanced solubility of udenafil (>10mg/ml) compared with its aqueous solubility (0.02 mg/ml). An in vitro permeation study was performed in human nasal epithelial (HNE) cell monolayers cultured by the air-liquid interface (ALI) method, and the permeated amounts of udenafil increased up to 3.41-fold versus that of pure udenafil. According to the results of an in vivo pharmacokinetic study in rats, intranasal administration of udenafil-loaded microemulsion had a shorter T(max) value (1 min) compared with oral administration and improved bioavailability (85.71%) compared with oral and intranasal (solution) administration. The microemulsion system developed for intranasal administration may be a promising delivery system of udenafil, with a rapid onset of action and improved bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Jong Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
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32
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Yu C, Gu P, Zhang W, Qi N, Cai C, He H, Tang X. Preparation and evaluation of zolmitriptan submicron emulsion for rapid and effective nasal absorption in beagle dogs. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2011; 37:1509-16. [PMID: 21671836 DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2011.587432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Submicron emulsion was prepared for rapid and effective nasal absorption of zolmitriptan (ZT). The different charge inducers and pH values of the formulations were evaluated to optimize the formulations. Submicron emulsion prepared by using stearylamine as positive charge inducer with pH of 5.0 was stable and most of ZT was freely dispersed in the aqueous phase of the preparation. In vitro release study demonstrated that ZT from the submicron emulsion preparation could be released as fast as that from the solution preparation. The pharmacokinetics was studied after intranasal administration of the submicron emulsion and solution preparation of ZT to beagle dogs. ZT from the submicron emulsion was absorbed much more rapidly and the absolute availability of the submicron emulsion preparation was significantly higher compared with the solution preparation. The nasal ciliotoxicity of the preparations was evaluated by using in situ toad palate model, which indicated that the submicron emulsion of ZT did not exhibit any obvious nasal ciliotoxicity. These results demonstrated that the submicron emulsion preparation of ZT was a relatively safe dosage form for rapid and effective intranasal delivery of ZT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoqun Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
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Shingaki T, Inoue D, Furubayashi T, Sakane T, Katsumi H, Yamamoto A, Yamashita S. Transnasal delivery of methotrexate to brain tumors in rats: a new strategy for brain tumor chemotherapy. Mol Pharm 2010; 7:1561-8. [PMID: 20695463 DOI: 10.1021/mp900275s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Brain tumors are one of the most lethal and difficult to treat. Their treatment is limited by the inadequate delivery of antitumor drugs to the tumor. In order to overcome this limitation, the possibility of the nose-brain direct transport pathway was evaluated using methotrexate (MTX) as a model antitumor agent. The direct transport of nasal MTX to the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was examined by comparing the concentration of MTX in the plasma and the CSF after intraperitoneal (IP) and intranasal (IN) administrations. The brain uptake of MTX was evaluated based on a multiple-time/graphical analysis by measuring the concentration of MTX in the plasma and in the brain. The feasibility of nasal chemotherapy was examined by three nasal dosings of MTX to tumor-bearing rats in vivo at two day intervals with peritoneal application as a positive control. MTX showed a significant inhibitory effect on the in vitro growth of 9L glioma cells with 50% growth inhibitory concentration at 7.99 ng/mL. The pharmacokinetic studies clarified the significant direct transport of MTX from nasal cavity both to the CSF and to the brain. Nasal chemotherapy with MTX significantly reduced the tumor weight as compared to nontreatment control and IP group. The strategy to utilize the nose-brain direct transport can be applicable to a new therapeutic system not only for brain tumors but also for other central nervous system disorders such as neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomotaka Shingaki
- ADME Research Inc., 1-12-8 Senba-higashi, Minoh, Osaka 562-0035, Japan.
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Piao HM, Balakrishnan P, Cho HJ, Kim H, Kim YS, Chung SJ, Shim CK, Kim DD. Preparation and evaluation of fexofenadine microemulsion for intranasal delivery. Int J Pharm 2010; 395:S0378-5173(10)00403-5. [PMID: 20685383 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2010.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2010] [Revised: 05/24/2010] [Accepted: 05/27/2010] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
To enhance the solubility and bioavailability of poorly absorbable fexofenadine, microemulsion system composed of oil, surfactant and co-surfactant was developed for intranasal delivery. Phase behavior, particle size, viscosity and solubilization capacity of the microemulsion system were characterized. Histopathology and in vivo nasal absorption of the optimized microemulsion formulations were also investigated in rats. A single isotropic region was found in the pseudo-ternary phase diagrams developed at various ratios with Lauroglycol 90 as oil, Labrasol as surfactant and Plurol oleiqueCC49 or its mixture with PEG-400 (1:1) as cosurfactant. An increase in the microemulsion region in pseudo-ternary phase systems was observed with increased surfactant concentration. The optimized microemulsion formulations showed higher solubulization of fexofenadine, i.e., F1 (22.64mg/mL) and F2 (22.98mg/mL), compared to its intrinsic water solubility (1.51mg/mL). Nasal absorption of fexofenadine from these microemulsions was found to be fairly rapid. T(max) was observed within 5min after intranasal administration at 1.0mg/kg dose, and the absolute bioavailability (0-4h) was about 68% compared to the intravenous administration in rats. Our results suggested that these microemulsion formulations could be used as an effective intranasal dosage form for the rapid-onset delivery of fexofenadine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Mei Piao
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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Konrádsdóttir F, Loftsson T, Sigfússon SD. Fish skin as a model membrane: structure and characteristics. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010. [DOI: 10.1211/jpp.61.01.0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Synthetic and cell-based membranes are frequently used during drug formulation development for the assessment of drug availability. However, most of the currently used membranes do not mimic mucosal membranes well, especially the aqueous mucous layer of the membranes. In this study we evaluated catfish (Anarichas lupus L) skin as a model membrane.
Method
Permeation of hydrocortisone, lidocaine hydrochloride, benzocaine, diethyl-stilbestrol, naproxen, picric acid and sodium nitrate through skin from a freshly caught catfish was determined in Franz diffusion cells.
Key findings
Both lipophilic and hydrophilic molecules permeate through catfish skin via hydrated channels or aqueous pores. No correlation was observed between the octanol/water partition coefficient of the permeating molecules and their permeability coefficient through the skin. Permeation through catfish skin was found to be diffusion controlled.
Conclusions
The results suggest that permeation through the fish skin proceeds via a diffusion-controlled process, a process that is similar to drug permeation through the aqueous mucous layer of a mucosal membrane. In addition, the fish skin, with its collagen matrix structure, appears to possess similar properties to the eye sclera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fífa Konrádsdóttir
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Thorsteinn Loftsson
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
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