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Volyanskaya AR, Akberdin IR, Kulyashov MA, Yevshin IS, Romanov MN, Shagimardanova EI, Gusev OA, Kolpakov FA. A bird's-eye overview of molecular mechanisms regulating feed intake in chickens-with mammalian comparisons. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2024; 17:61-74. [PMID: 38737579 PMCID: PMC11087724 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2024.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
In recent decades, a lot of research has been conducted to explore poultry feeding behavior. However, up to now, the processes behind poultry feeding behavior remain poorly understood. The review generalizes modern expertise about the hormonal regulation of feeding behavior in chickens, focusing on signaling pathways mediated by insulin, leptin, and ghrelin and regulatory pathways with a cross-reference to mammals. This overview also summarizes state-of-the-art research devoted to hypothalamic neuropeptides that control feed intake and are prime candidates for predictors of feeding efficiency. Comparative analysis of the signaling pathways that mediate the feed intake regulation allowed us to conclude that there are major differences in the processes by which hormones influence specific neuropeptides and their contrasting roles in feed intake control between two vertebrate clades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiia R. Volyanskaya
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Biosoft.Ru, Ltd., Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Ilya R. Akberdin
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Biosoft.Ru, Ltd., Novosibirsk, Russia
- Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius, Russia
| | - Mikhail A. Kulyashov
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Biosoft.Ru, Ltd., Novosibirsk, Russia
- Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius, Russia
| | - Ivan S. Yevshin
- Biosoft.Ru, Ltd., Novosibirsk, Russia
- Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius, Russia
| | - Michael N. Romanov
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
- L.K. Ernst Federal Research Centre for Animal Husbandry, Dubrovitsy, Podolsk, Russia
| | - Elena I. Shagimardanova
- Regulatory Genomics Research Center, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Oleg A. Gusev
- Regulatory Genomics Research Center, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
- Life Improvement By Future Technologies (LIFT) Center, Moscow, Russia
- Intractable Disease Research Center, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fedor A. Kolpakov
- Biosoft.Ru, Ltd., Novosibirsk, Russia
- Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius, Russia
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Saneyasu T. Recent Research on Mechanisms of Feeding Regulation in Chicks. J Poult Sci 2024; 61:2024012. [PMID: 38681189 PMCID: PMC11039390 DOI: 10.2141/jpsa.2024012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Food intake affects poultry productivity. A complete understanding of these regulatory mechanisms provides new strategies to improve productivity. Food intake is regulated by complex mechanisms involving many factors, including the central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, hormones, and nutrients. Although several studies have been conducted to elucidate regulatory mechanisms in chickens, the mechanisms remain unclear. To update the current knowledge on feeding regulation in chickens, this review focuses on recent findings that have not been summarized in previous reviews, including spexins, adipokines, neurosecretory proteins GL and GM, and central intracellular signaling factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaoki Saneyasu
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501,
Japan
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Role of Corticosterone in Lipid Metabolism in Broiler Chick White Adipose Tissue. J Poult Sci 2021; 59:152-158. [PMID: 35528381 PMCID: PMC9039149 DOI: 10.2141/jpsa.0210060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive accumulation of body fat in broiler chickens has become a serious problem in the poultry industry. However, the molecular mechanism of triglyceride accumulation in chicken white adipose tissue (WAT) has not been elucidated. In the present study, we investigated the physiological importance of the catabolic hormone corticosterone, the major glucocorticoid in chickens, in the regulation of chicken WAT lipid metabolism. We first examined the effects of fasting on the mRNA levels of lipid metabolism-related genes associated with WAT, plasma corticosterone, and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA). We then examined the effects of corticosterone on the expression of these genes in vivo and in vitro. In 10-day-old chicks, 3 h of fasting significantly decreased mRNA levels of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) in WAT and significantly elevated plasma concentrations of NEFA. Six hours of fasting significantly increased mRNA levels of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) in WAT and significantly elevated plasma concentrations of corticosterone. On the other hand, fasting significantly reduced mRNA levels of LPL in WAT and elevated plasma concentrations of NEFA in 29-day-old chicks without affecting mRNA levels of ATGL in WAT or plasma corticosterone concentrations. Oral administration of corticosterone significantly reduced mRNA levels of LPL and significantly increased the mRNA levels of ATGL in WAT in 29-day-old chicks without affecting plasma NEFA concentrations. The addition of corticosterone to primary chicken adipocytes significantly increased mRNA levels of ATGL, whereas mRNA levels of LPL tended to decrease. NEFA concentrations in the culture medium were not influenced by corticosterone levels. These results suggest that plasma corticosterone partly regulates the gene expression of lipid metabolism-related genes in chicken WAT and this regulation is different from the acute elevation of plasma NEFA due to short-term fasting.
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Central administration of insulin and refeeding lead to the phosphorylation of AKT, but not FOXO1, in the hypothalamus of broiler chicks. Physiol Behav 2019; 210:112644. [PMID: 31398442 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.112644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Several studies in rodents and layer chickens have demonstrated that insulin upregulates hypothalamic AKT-mediated signaling and expression of proopiomelanocortin (POMC, the precursor of alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone, an anorexigenic peptide) and suppresses appetite in these animals. However, a previous study has also reported that insulin fails to suppress food intake in broiler chicks. In the present study, no significant differences were observed in hypothalamic AKT and forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) phosphorylation levels between broiler and layer chicks. The phosphorylation rate of AKT, but not that of FOXO1, increased in the hypothalami of broilers refed for 1 h after a 24-h fast, with a corresponding increase in plasma insulin concentration. Intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of 50 pmol insulin, which could decrease food intake in broiler chicks, significantly increased the AKT phosphorylation rate, whereas no significant change was observed in FOXO1 phosphorylation or POMC expression after ICV insulin administration. These findings suggest that hypothalamic AKT responds to insulin in broiler chicks, but FOXO1-mediated regulation of POMC expression is not induced by insulin, which may be one of the causes of excessive food intake in broiler chickens.
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Wang J, DePena M, Taylor G, Gilbert ER, Cline MA. Hypothalamic mechanism of corticotropin-releasing factor's anorexigenic effect in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2019; 276:22-29. [PMID: 30769012 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2019.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Central administration of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), a 41-amino acid peptide, is associated with anorexigenic effects across various species, with particularly potent reductions in food intake in rodents and chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus), a species for which the most is known. The purpose of the current study was to determine the hypothalamic mechanism of CRF-induced anorexigenic effects in 7 day-old Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica), a less-intensely-selected gallinaceous relative to the chicken that can provide more evolutionary perspective. After intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of 2, 22, or 222 pmol of CRF, a dose-dependent decrease in food intake was observed that lasted for 3 and 24 h for the 22 and 222 pmol doses, respectively. The 2 pmol dose had no effect on food or water intake. The numbers of c-Fos immunoreactive cells were increased in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) at 1 h post-injection in quail injected with 22 pmol of CRF. The hypothalamic mRNA abundance of proopiomelanocortin, melanocortin receptor subtype 4, CRF, and CRF receptor sub-type 2 was increased at 1 h in quail treated with 22 pmol of CRF. Behavior analyses demonstrated that CRF injection reduced feeding pecks and jumps and increased the time spent standing. In conclusion, results demonstrate that the anorexigenic effects of CRF in Japanese quail are likely influenced by the interaction between CRF and melanocortin systems and that injection of CRF results in species-specific behavioral changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin Wang
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Mara DePena
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Graham Taylor
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Elizabeth R Gilbert
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States; Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Mark A Cline
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States; Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
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Gluckman TL, Mundy NI. The differential expression of MC1R regulators in dorsal and ventral quail plumages during embryogenesis: Implications for plumage pattern formation. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174714. [PMID: 28355309 PMCID: PMC5371383 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanin pigmentation patterns are ubiquitous in animals and function in crypsis, physical protection, thermoregulation and signalling. In vertebrates, pigmentation patterns formed over large body regions as well as within appendages (hair/feathers) may be due to the differential distribution of pigment producing cells (melanocytes) and/or regulation of the melanin synthesis pathway. We took advantage of the pigmentation patterns of Japanese quail embryos (pale ventrum and patterned feathers dorsally) to explore the role of genes and their transcripts in regulating the function of the melanocortin-1-receptor (MC1R) via 1. activation: pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), endoproteases prohormone convertase 1 (PC1) and 2 (PC2), and 2. inhibition—agouti signaling and agouti-related protein (ASIP and AGRP, respectively). Melanocytes are present in all feather follicles at both 8 and 12 days post-fertilisation (E8/E12), so differential deposition of melanocytes is not responsible for pigmentation patterns in embryonic quail. POMC transcripts expressed were a subset of those found in chicken and POMC expression within feather follicles was strong. PC1 was not expressed in feather follicles. PC2 was strongly expressed in all feather follicles at E12. ASIP transcript expression was variable and we report four novel ASIP transcripts. ASIP is strongly expressed in ventral feather follicles, but not dorsally. AGRP expression within feather follicles was weak. These results demonstrate that the pale-bellied quail phenotype probably involves inhibition of MC1R, as found previously. However, quail may require MC1R activation for eumelanogenesis in dorsal feathers which may have important implications for an understanding of colour pattern formation in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh-Lan Gluckman
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology, Collège de France, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Nicholas I. Mundy
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Honda K, Kondo M, Hiramoto D, Saneyasu T, Kamisoyama H. Effects of continuous white light and 12h white-12h blue light-cycles on the expression of clock genes in diencephalon, liver, and skeletal muscle in chicks. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2017; 207:73-78. [PMID: 28238833 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2017.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The core circadian clock mechanism relies on a feedback loop comprised of clock genes, such as the brain and muscle Arnt-like 1 (Bmal1), chriptochrome 1 (Cry1), and period 3 (Per3). Exposure to the light-dark cycle synchronizes the master circadian clock in the brain, and which then synchronizes circadian clocks in peripheral tissues. Birds have long been used as a model for the investigation of circadian rhythm in human neurobiology. In the present study, we examined the effects of continuous light and the combination of white and blue light on the expression of clock genes (Bmal1, Cry1, and Per3) in the central and peripheral tissues in chicks. Seventy two day-old male chicks were weighed, allocated to three groups and maintained under three light schedules: 12h white light-12h dark-cycles group (control); 24h white light group (WW group); 12h white light-12h blue light-cycles group (WB group). The mRNA levels of clock genes in the diencephalon were significantly different between the control and WW groups. On the other hand, the alteration in the mRNA levels of clock genes was similar between the control and WB groups. Similar phenomena were observed in the liver and skeletal muscle (biceps femoris). These results suggest that 12h white-12h blue light-cycles did not disrupt the circadian rhythm of clock gene expression in chicks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhisa Honda
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
| | - Makoto Kondo
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Daichi Hiramoto
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Takaoki Saneyasu
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kamisoyama
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
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Honda K, Saneyasu T, Aoki K, Shimatani T, Yamaguchi T, Kamisoyama H. Correlation analysis of hypothalamic mRNA levels of appetite regulatory neuropeptides and several metabolic parameters in 28-day-old layer chickens. Anim Sci J 2014; 86:517-22. [DOI: 10.1111/asj.12320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhisa Honda
- Department of Bioresource Science; Graduate School of Agricultural Science; Kobe University; Kobe Japan
| | - Takaoki Saneyasu
- Department of Bioresource Science; Graduate School of Agricultural Science; Kobe University; Kobe Japan
| | - Koji Aoki
- Department of Bioresource Science; Graduate School of Agricultural Science; Kobe University; Kobe Japan
| | - Tomohiko Shimatani
- Department of Bioresource Science; Graduate School of Agricultural Science; Kobe University; Kobe Japan
| | - Takuya Yamaguchi
- Department of Bioresource Science; Graduate School of Agricultural Science; Kobe University; Kobe Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kamisoyama
- Department of Bioresource Science; Graduate School of Agricultural Science; Kobe University; Kobe Japan
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