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Naas J, Nies G, Li H, Stoldt S, Schmitzer B, Jakobs S, Munk A. MultiMatch: geometry-informed colocalization in multi-color super-resolution microscopy. Commun Biol 2024; 7:1139. [PMID: 39271907 PMCID: PMC11399439 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06772-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
With recent advances in multi-color super-resolution light microscopy, it is possible to simultaneously visualize multiple subunits within biological structures at nanometer resolution. To optimally evaluate and interpret spatial proximity of stainings on such an image, colocalization analysis tools have to be able to integrate prior knowledge on the local geometry of the recorded biological complex. We present MultiMatch to analyze the abundance and location of chain-like particle arrangements in multi-color microscopy based on multi-marginal optimal unbalanced transport methodology. Our object-based colocalization model statistically addresses the effect of incomplete labeling efficiencies enabling inference on existent, but not fully observable particle chains. We showcase that MultiMatch is able to consistently recover existing chain structures in three-color STED images of DNA origami nanorulers and outperforms geometry-uninformed triplet colocalization methods in this task. MultiMatch generalizes to an arbitrary number of color channels and is provided as a user-friendly Python package comprising colocalization visualizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Naas
- Center for Integrative Bioinformatics Vienna (CIBIV), Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Biocenter PhD Program, a Doctoral School of the University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Giacomo Nies
- Institute for Mathematical Stochastics, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence 'Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells' (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Housen Li
- Institute for Mathematical Stochastics, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence 'Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells' (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Stoldt
- Cluster of Excellence 'Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells' (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Clinic of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Schmitzer
- Institute for Computer Science, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Jakobs
- Cluster of Excellence 'Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells' (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Clinic of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Translational Neuroinflammation and Automated Microscopy TNM, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Axel Munk
- Institute for Mathematical Stochastics, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
- Cluster of Excellence 'Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells' (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
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Brunstein M, Oheim M. Dependence of descriptors of co-localization on microscope spatiotemporal resolution and the choice of regions of interest. Microsc Res Tech 2016; 80:220-230. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maia Brunstein
- CNRS UMR 8118; Brain Physiology Laboratory; Paris F-75006 France
- Fédération de Recherche en Neurosciences FR 3636, Faculté de Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales; Université Paris Descartes; PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité Paris F-75006 France
- Chaire d'excellence, IDEX; Université Sorbonne Paris Cité; Paris F-75006 France
| | - Martin Oheim
- CNRS UMR 8118; Brain Physiology Laboratory; Paris F-75006 France
- Fédération de Recherche en Neurosciences FR 3636, Faculté de Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales; Université Paris Descartes; PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité Paris F-75006 France
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3
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Zhang M, Søndergaard RV, Kumar EKP, Henriksen JR, Cui D, Hammershøj P, Clausen MH, Andresen TL. A hydrogel based nanosensor with an unprecedented broad sensitivity range for pH measurements in cellular compartments. Analyst 2015; 140:7246-53. [DOI: 10.1039/c5an01014d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This quadruple-labelled nanosensor has a broad sensitivity range from pH 1.4 to 7.0. It covers the full physiologically relevant range where especially the low pH range of some specialized cells can now be monitored.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai
- China
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering
| | - R. V. Søndergaard
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology
- Technical University of Denmark
- Lyngby
- Denmark
- Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics
| | - E. K. P. Kumar
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology
- Technical University of Denmark
- Lyngby
- Denmark
- Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics
| | - J. R. Henriksen
- Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics
- Technical University of Denmark
- Lyngby
- Denmark
- Department of Chemistry
| | - D. Cui
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering
- School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai
| | - P. Hammershøj
- Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics
- Technical University of Denmark
- Lyngby
- Denmark
- Department of Chemistry
| | - M. H. Clausen
- Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics
- Technical University of Denmark
- Lyngby
- Denmark
- Department of Chemistry
| | - T. L. Andresen
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology
- Technical University of Denmark
- Lyngby
- Denmark
- Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics
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Beinart RA, Nyholm SV, Dubilier N, Girguis PR. Intracellular Oceanospirillales inhabit the gills of the hydrothermal vent snail Alviniconcha with chemosynthetic, γ-Proteobacterial symbionts. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2014; 6:656-664. [PMID: 25756119 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.12183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Associations between bacteria from the γ-Proteobacterial order Oceanospirillales and marine invertebrates are quite common. Members of the Oceanospirillales exhibit a diversity of interactions with their various hosts, ranging from the catabolism of complex compounds that benefit host growth to attacking and bursting host nuclei. Here, we describe the association between a novel Oceanospirillales phylotype and the hydrothermal vent snail Alviniconcha. Alviniconcha typically harbour chemoautotrophic γ- or ε-Proteobacterial symbionts inside their gill cells. Via fluorescence in situ hybridization and transmission electron microscopy, we observed an Oceanospirillales phylotype (named AOP for ‘Alviniconcha Oceanospirillales phylotype’) in membrane-bound vacuoles that were separate from the known γ- or ε-Proteobacterial symbionts. Using quantitative polymerase chain reaction, we surveyed 181 Alviniconcha hosting γ-Proteobacterial symbionts and 102 hosting ε-Proteobacterial symbionts, and found that the population size of AOP was always minor relative to the canonical symbionts (median 0.53% of the total quantified 16S rRNA genes). Additionally, we detected AOP more frequently in Alviniconcha hosting γ-Proteobacterial symbionts than in those hosting ε-Proteobacterial symbionts (96% and 5% of individuals respectively). The high incidence of AOP in γ-Proteobacteria hosting Alviniconcha implies that it could play a significant ecological role either as a host parasite or as an additional symbiont with unknown physiological capacities.
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5
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Confocal microscopy on the Internet. Methods Mol Biol 2014. [PMID: 24052347 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-60761-847-8_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
In a few short years, the Internet (in terms of the World Wide Web) has become a powerful informational resource for the original scientific literature pertaining to biological investigations using the laser scanning confocal microscope. However, there still remains an obvious void in the development of educational Web sites targeted at beginning students and novices in the field. Furthermore, many of the commercial aftermarket manufacturers (for example, those offering live-cell imaging chambers) have Web sites that are not adequately represented in published compilations, and are therefore somewhat difficult to locate. In order to address this issue, several educational sites dedicated to optical microscopy and digital imaging that are being constructed and hosted at The Florida State University are currently turning their attention to the increasing application of confocal microscopy in the biological and materials sciences. The primary focus of this effort is to create new sections on the existing sites that address the important educational issues in confocal microscopy, as well as creating indices of links to both the confocal scientific literature and the Web sites of manufacturers who supply useful accessories.
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Zinchuk V, Grossenbacher-Zinchuk O. Quantitative colocalization analysis of fluorescence microscopy images. CURRENT PROTOCOLS IN CELL BIOLOGY 2014; 62:4.19.1-4.19.14. [PMID: 24610126 DOI: 10.1002/0471143030.cb0419s62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Colocalization is an important finding in many cell biological studies. This unit describes a protocol for quantitative evaluation of fluorescence microscopy images with colocalization based on calculation of a number of specialized coefficients. Images of double-stained sections are first subjected to background correction, and then various coefficients are calculated. Meanings of the coefficients and a guide to interpretation of the results of calculations based on the use of linguistic variables are given. Success in colocalization studies depends on the quality of images analyzed, proper preparation of the images for coefficients calculations, and correct interpretation of results obtained. This protocol helps ensure reliability of colocalization coefficient calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim Zinchuk
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Kochi University, Faculty of Medicine, Japan
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7
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Jensen E. Technical review: colocalization of antibodies using confocal microscopy. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2013; 297:183-7. [PMID: 24357430 DOI: 10.1002/ar.22835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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8
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Cummins TD, Higdon AN, Kramer PA, Chacko BK, Riggs DW, Salabei JK, Dell’Italia LJ, Zhang J, Darley-Usmar VM, Hill BG. Utilization of fluorescent probes for the quantification and identification of subcellular proteomes and biological processes regulated by lipid peroxidation products. Free Radic Biol Med 2013; 59:56-68. [PMID: 22954622 PMCID: PMC3522791 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Revised: 08/08/2012] [Accepted: 08/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative modifications to cellular proteins are critical in mediating redox-sensitive processes such as autophagy, the antioxidant response, and apoptosis. The proteins that become modified by reactive species are often compartmentalized to specific organelles or regions of the cell. Here, we detail protocols for identifying the subcellular protein targets of lipid oxidation and for linking protein modifications with biological responses such as autophagy. Fluorophores such as BODIPY-labeled arachidonic acid or BODIPY-conjugated electrophiles can be paired with organelle-specific probes to identify specific biological processes and signaling pathways activated in response to oxidative stress. In particular, we demonstrate "negative" and "positive" labeling methods using BODIPY-tagged reagents for examining oxidative modifications to protein nucleophiles. The protocol describes the use of these probes in slot immunoblotting, quantitative Western blotting, in-gel fluorescence, and confocal microscopy techniques. In particular, the use of the BODIPY fluorophore with organelle- or biological process-specific dyes and chromophores is highlighted. These methods can be used in multiple cell types as well as isolated organelles to interrogate the role of oxidative modifications in regulating biological responses to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy D. Cummins
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Institute of Molecular Cardiology, and Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202
| | - Ashlee N. Higdon
- Department of Pathology, Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Philip A. Kramer
- Department of Pathology, Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Balu K. Chacko
- Department of Pathology, Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294
- Department of Medicine, Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Daniel W. Riggs
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Institute of Molecular Cardiology, and Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202
| | - Joshua K. Salabei
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Institute of Molecular Cardiology, and Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202
| | - Louis J. Dell’Italia
- Department of Medicine, Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Victor M. Darley-Usmar
- Department of Pathology, Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Bradford G. Hill
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Institute of Molecular Cardiology, and Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202
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9
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Zheng J, Tan BH, Sugrue R, Tang K. Current approaches on viral infection: proteomics and functional validations. Front Microbiol 2012; 3:393. [PMID: 23162545 PMCID: PMC3499792 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2012.00393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2012] [Accepted: 10/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Viruses could manipulate cellular machinery to ensure their continuous survival and thus become parasites of living organisms. Delineation of sophisticated host responses upon virus infection is a challenging task. It lies in identifying the repertoire of host factors actively involved in the viral infectious cycle and characterizing host responses qualitatively and quantitatively during viral pathogenesis. Mass spectrometry based proteomics could be used to efficiently study pathogen-host interactions and virus-hijacked cellular signaling pathways. Moreover, direct host and viral responses upon infection could be further investigated by activity-based functional validation studies. These approaches involve drug inhibition of secretory pathway, immunofluorescence staining, dominant negative mutant of protein target, real-time PCR, small interfering siRNA-mediated knockdown, and molecular cloning studies. In this way, functional validation could gain novel insights into the high-content proteomic dataset in an unbiased and comprehensive way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zheng
- Division of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University Singapore
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10
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Synthesis of deguelin–biotin conjugates and investigation into deguelin’s interactions. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:672-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.09.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2011] [Revised: 09/19/2011] [Accepted: 09/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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11
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Zinchuk V, Grossenbacher‐Zinchuk O. Quantitative Colocalization Analysis of Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy Images. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; Chapter 4:Unit4.19. [DOI: 10.1002/0471143030.cb0419s52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vadim Zinchuk
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Kochi University Faculty of Medicine Japan
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12
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Quantifying spatial correlations of fluorescent markers using enhanced background reduction with protein proximity index and correlation coefficient estimations. Nat Protoc 2011; 6:1554-67. [PMID: 21959238 DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2011.384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Interactions of proteins are examined by detecting their overlap using fluorescent markers. The observed overlap is then quantified to serve as a measure of spatial correlation. A major drawback of this approach is that it can produce false values because of the properties of the image background. To remedy this, we provide a protocol to reduce the contribution of image background and then apply a protein proximity index (PPI) and correlation coefficient to estimate colocalization. Background heterogeneity is reduced by the median filtering procedure, comprising two steps, to reduce random noise and background, respectively. Alternatively, background can be reduced by advanced thresholding. PPI provides separate values for each channel to characterize the contribution of each protein, whereas correlation coefficient determines the overall colocalization. The protocol is demonstrated using computer-simulated and real biological images. It minimizes human bias and can be universally applied to various cell types in which there is a need to understand protein-protein interactions. Background reductions require 3-5 min per image. Quantifications take <1 min. The entire procedure takes approximately 15-30 min.
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13
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Zhang L, Murphy CS, Kuang GC, Hazelwood KL, Constantino MH, Davidson MW, Zhu L. A fluorescent heteroditopic ligand responding to free zinc ion over six orders of magnitude concentration range. Chem Commun (Camb) 2009:7408-10. [PMID: 20024244 DOI: 10.1039/b918729d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A fluorescent heteroditopic ligand useful in live-cell imaging studies responds to free zinc ion concentration over a range of six orders of magnitude in a buffered aqueous solution via dual-channel fluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, USA
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14
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Recent advances in quantitative colocalization analysis: Focus on neuroscience. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 44:125-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.proghi.2009.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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15
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GAVRILOVIC M, WÄHLBY C. Quantification of colocalization and cross-talk based on spectral angles. J Microsc 2009; 234:311-24. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2818.2009.03170.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Sawchuk MG, Donner TJ, Head P, Scarpella E. Unique and overlapping expression patterns among members of photosynthesis-associated nuclear gene families in Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2008; 148:1908-24. [PMID: 18820083 PMCID: PMC2593682 DOI: 10.1104/pp.108.126946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2008] [Accepted: 09/24/2008] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Light provides crucial positional information in plant development, and the morphogenetic processes that are orchestrated by light signals are triggered by changes of gene expression in response to variations in light parameters. Control of expression of members of the RbcS and Lhc families of photosynthesis-associated nuclear genes by light cues is a paradigm for light-regulated gene transcription, but high-resolution expression profiles for these gene families are lacking. In this study, we have investigated expression patterns of members of the RbcS and Lhc gene families in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) at the cellular level during undisturbed development and upon controlled interference of the light environment. Members of the RbcS and Lhc gene families are expressed in specialized territories, including root tip, leaf adaxial, abaxial, and epidermal domains, and with distinct chronologies, identifying successive stages of leaf mesophyll ontogeny. Defined spatial and temporal overlap of gene expression fields suggest that the light-harvesting and photosynthetic apparatus may have a different polypeptide composition in different cells and that such composition could change over time even within the same cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan G Sawchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E9
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Abstract
This protocol describes the steps needed to perform quantitative statistical colocalization on two-color confocal images, specifically of plant cells. The procedure includes a calibration test to check the chromatic alignment of the confocal microscope. A software tool is provided to calculate the Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients ('Pearson-Spearman correlation colocalization' ImageJ plug-in) across regions of interest within the image. Steps are included to help the user practice using the software. The result is a quantitative estimate of the amount of colocalization in the images. Manual masking takes about 1-15 min per image, depending on the detail required, and calculating the correlation coefficients is almost instantaneous. Examples of suitable dyes for such two-color colocalization include Oregon Green or Alexa Fluor 488 dyes in the green range (excited with 488-nm laser line) and Alexa Fluor 555 dye in the red range (excited with 543-nm laser line).
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Zinchuk V, Zinchuk O. Quantitative Colocalization Analysis of Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy Images. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; Chapter 4:Unit 4.19. [DOI: 10.1002/0471143030.cb0419s39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vadim Zinchuk
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Kochi University, Faculty of Medicine Japan
| | - Olga Zinchuk
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Berne, CH‐3000 Berne Switzerland
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19
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Adler J, Pagakis SN, Parmryd I. Replicate-based noise corrected correlation for accurate measurements of colocalization. J Microsc 2008; 230:121-33. [PMID: 18387047 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2818.2008.01967.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
It is widely recognized that the accuracy of colocalization measurements is dependent upon the quality of the source images. We demonstrate that, as the image quality increases, the measured colocalization, using the Pearson and Spearman rank correlation coefficients, approaches the true colocalization asymptotically. This means that in practice it is difficult to obtain images of sufficient quality for accurate measurements. We introduce the replicate-based noise corrected correlation (RBNCC) which aligns the measured colocalization with the true colocalization: a noise measurement is made for each fluorophore from a pair of replicate images, the two noise measurements are combined to generate a correction factor which is applied to the measured colocalization between the two fluorophores. In consequence, accurate measurements can be obtained even with noisy images, making RBNCC especially attractive for live imaging. Even with images of apparently good quality we found an average discrepancy of about 20% between the measured and corrected colocalization. A case is made for using the Spearman rank coefficient instead of the Pearson coefficient to measure colocalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Adler
- Department Cell Biology, Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Zinchuk V, Zinchuk O, Okada T. Quantitative colocalization analysis of multicolor confocal immunofluorescence microscopy images: pushing pixels to explore biological phenomena. Acta Histochem Cytochem 2007; 40:101-11. [PMID: 17898874 PMCID: PMC1993886 DOI: 10.1267/ahc.07002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 328] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2007] [Accepted: 06/08/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantitative colocalization analysis is an advanced digital imaging tool to examine antigens of interest in immunofluorescence images obtained using confocal microscopes. It employs specialized algorithms to estimate the degree of overlap of fluorescence signals and thus enables acquiring important new information not otherwise obtainable using qualitative approaches alone. As raw confocal images have high levels of background, they should be prepared to become suitable for reliable calculation of colocalization coefficients by correcting it. We provide concise theoretical basis of quantitative colocalization analysis, discuss its limitations, and describe proper use of the technique. The use of quantitative colocalization analysis is demonstrated by studying bile salt export pump and multidrug resistance associated protein 2 in the liver and major basic protein and platelet activating factor receptor antigens in conjunctiva. The review is focused on the applicability and correct interpretation of the results of colocalization coefficients calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim Zinchuk
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Kochi University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Olga Zinchuk
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kochi University Faculty of Medicine, Okoh-cho, Nankoku, Kochi 783–8505, Japan
| | - Teruhiko Okada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Kochi University Faculty of Medicine
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21
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Zinchuk V, Zinchuk O, Akimaru K, Moriya F, Okada T. Ethanol consumption alters expression and colocalization of bile salt export pump and multidrug resistance protein 2 in the rat. Histochem Cell Biol 2007; 127:503-12. [PMID: 17384956 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-007-0277-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2007] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Chronic ethanol consumption elicits detrimental changes of liver metabolism. By employing a 12-week-long feeding regimen, we investigated the effects of chronic ethanol consumption on the expression and localization of bile salt export pump (Bsep), a major canalicular exporter of bile salts, and multidrug resistance protein 2 (Mrp2), a canalicular organic anion transporter, in the rat liver. RT-PCR, confocal immunofluorescence microscopy, immunoblotting, and quantitative colocalization analysis were used to examine their gene and protein expression, and changes in the distribution of antigenic sites. Bsep mRNA was upregulated, while Mrp2 mRNA responded by downregulation. In agreement with mRNA, the expression of Bsep protein increased, while the expression of Mrp2 protein responded with a decrease, suggesting that the expression of both of them is transcriptionally regulated. Confocal immunofluorescence microscopy showed disruption of the colocalization of Bsep and Mrp2 proteins at the hepatocyte canalicular membrane and their relocation intracellularly. Quantitative colocalization analysis of Bsep and Mrp2 proteins revealed a steady decrease in the degree of colocalization and Mrp2 expression, indicating that although the properties of both transporters are affected, Mrp2 is altered more. These findings provide evidence that ethanol alters Bsep and Mrp2 canalicular transporters in the rat liver, at both the mRNA and protein levels. Mrp2 shows deeper involvement. Eight weeks appears to be a critical time point in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim Zinchuk
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Kochi University Faculty of Medicine, Kohasu, Okoh-cho, Nankoku, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan.
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Spyridonidis A, Zeiser R, Follo M, Metaxas Y, Finke J. Stem cell plasticity: the debate begins to clarify. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 1:37-43. [PMID: 17132873 DOI: 10.1385/scr:1:1:037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The stem cell story begins with the recognition of the regenerative powers of the head of the Lernean Hydra and the human liver (Prometheus) by the ancient Greeks. In modern times, the adult human stem cell has been epitomized by the hematopoietic stem cell in the bone marrow. More recently, bone marrow derived cells were reported to contribute to nonhematopoietic organs, suggesting a level of plasticity not previously expected. However, other reports failed to repeat some of these results, resulting in a heated debate on the plasticity of adult stem cells that has crossed over into the public domain and become a matter of political impact on the use of embryonic vs adult stem cells for organ regeneration or gene therapy. This review discusses the current status of the "plasticity" debate and presents existing data on detection methodology, underlying mechanisms, physiological implications, and clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Spyridonidis
- Freiburg University Medical Center, Department of Hematology/Oncology, Hugstetter Strasse 55, Freiburg, Germany.
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Mendoza-Naranjo A, Gonzalez-Billault C, Maccioni RB. Abeta1-42 stimulates actin polymerization in hippocampal neurons through Rac1 and Cdc42 Rho GTPases. J Cell Sci 2007; 120:279-88. [PMID: 17200137 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.03323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A number of psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, are characterized by abnormalities in the neuronal cytoskeleton. Here, we find that the enhancement in actin polymerization induced by fibrillar amyloid-beta peptide (Abeta) is associated with increased activity of Rac1/Cdc42 Rho GTPases. Rac1 upregulation involves the participation of Tiam1, a Rac guanine-nucleotide exchange factor, where Abeta exposure leads to Tiam1 activation by a Ca(2+)-dependent mechanism. These results point to Rho GTPases as one of the targets in Abeta-induced neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease pathology, with a role in mediating changes in the actin cytoskeletal dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariadna Mendoza-Naranjo
- Laboratory of Cellular, Molecular Biology and Neuroscience, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Nunoa, Santiago, Chile.
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Abstract
Imaging can be thought of as the most direct of experiments. You see something; you report what you see. If only things were truly this simple. Modern imaging technology has brought about a revolution in the kinds of questions we can approach, but this comes at the price of increasingly complex equipment. Moreover, in an attempt to market competing systems, the microscopes have often been inappropriately described as easy to use and suitable for near-beginners. Insufficient understanding of the experimental manipulations and equipment set-up leads to the introduction of errors during image acquisition. In this feature, I review some of the most common practical pitfalls faced by researchers during image acquisition, and how they can affect the interpretation of the experimental data. This article is targeted neither to the microscopy gurus who push forward the frontiers of imaging technology nor to my imaging specialist colleagues who may wince at the overly simplistic comments and lack of detail. Instead, this is for beginners who gulp with alarm when they hear the word "confocal pinhole" or sigh as they watch their cells fade and die in front of their very eyes time and time again at the microscope. Take heart, beginners, if microscopes were actually so simple then many people (including myself) would suddenly be out of a job!
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Spyridonidis A, Schmitt-Gräff A, Tomann T, Dwenger A, Follo M, Behringer D, Finke J. Epithelial tissue chimerism after human hematopoietic cell transplantation is a real phenomenon. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2004; 164:1147-55. [PMID: 15039204 PMCID: PMC1615347 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9440(10)63203-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow transplantation in animals has been shown to generate epithelial populations, a phenomenon that has also recently been suggested to take place after human hematopoietic cell transplantation. However, reports in humans are not conclusive because they still leave open the possibility that the identified donor-derived cells are not epithelial cells but intraepithelial lymphocytes. Here, we demonstrate that donor-derived CD45(+) hematopoietic cells in close contact with epithelial tissue may be falsely characterized as donor-derived epithelial cells if the three-dimensional structure of the tissue is not considered and the hematopoietic markers are not examined. By using a rigorous three-dimensional analysis on single sections of colon biopsies triple stained with donor-specific, epithelial-specific, and hematopoietic-specific markers we demonstrate that chimerism of colon epithelium is a real phenomenon occurring constantly after human hematopoietic cell transplantation. We exclude horizontal DNA transfer or cell fusion as the underlying mechanism of our findings. Tissue damage enhances the engraftment of the donor-derived epithelial cells. The physiological and therapeutical role of the donor-derived epithelial cells after human hematopoietic cell transplantation needs further investigation. However, their identification requires stringent and unequivocal detection systems.
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Kompoliti K, Chu Y, Polish A, Roberts J, McKay H, Mufson EJ, Leurgans S, Morrison JH, Kordower JH. Effects of estrogen replacement therapy on cholinergic basal forebrain neurons and cortical cholinergic innervation in young and aged ovariectomized rhesus monkeys. J Comp Neurol 2004; 472:193-207. [PMID: 15048687 DOI: 10.1002/cne.20050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen modulates the function of cholinergic basal forebrain neurons in aged female rats. The present study tested the hypothesis that estrogen enhances the phenotype of cholinergic basal forebrain neurons and their cortical cholinergic innervation in young adult and aged ovariectomized rhesus monkeys. Sixteen monkeys (9 young and 7 aged) received two injections of estradiol cypionate or vehicle separated by 3 weeks. All monkeys were killed 1 day after the last injection. Quantitative immunofluorescence in the vertical limb of the diagonal band (VLDB) revealed enhanced optical density for choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) in both young and aged monkeys treated with estrogen. In contrast, optical density for low-affinity p75 neurotrophin receptor immunoreactivity in the VLDB did not change after estrogen treatment in either aged or young animals. Quantitative immunofluorescence for either ChAT or the low-affinity p75 neurotrophin receptor in the nucleus basalis Meynert failed to reveal differences between vehicle and estrogen treatment in either age group. Quantitative estimates of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) fiber density revealed that estrogen-treated aged monkeys but not their younger counterparts had decreased numbers of AChE-positive fibers in layer II of frontal, insular, and cingulate cortices. These data indicate that estrogen administered in a manner simulating natural hormonal cyclicity produces modest age-specific chemical phenotypic and regional changes in select neuronal subfields of the cholinergic basal forebrain and their cortical projection sites in nonhuman primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Kompoliti
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
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Chu Y, Kompoliti K, Cochran EJ, Mufson EJ, Kordower JH. Age-related decreases in Nurr1 immunoreactivity in the human substantia nigra. J Comp Neurol 2002; 450:203-14. [PMID: 12209851 DOI: 10.1002/cne.10261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear receptor-related factor 1 (Nurr1), a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, is associated with the induction of dopaminergic (DA) phenotypes in developing and mature midbrain neurons. It is well established that dopaminergic nigrostriatal function decreases with age. Whether age-related deficits in DA phenotypic markers are associated with alterations in Nurr1 expression is unknown. The present study found that virtually all of tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive (TH-ir) neurons within the young adult human substantia nigra were Nurr1-immunoreactive (Nurr1-ir) positive. Stereologic counts revealed a significant reduction in the number of Nurr1-ir nigral neurons in middle-aged (23.13%) and aged (46.33%) individuals relative to young subjects. The loss of Nurr1-ir neurons was associated with a similar decline in TH-ir neuron number. In this regard, TH-ir neuronal number was decreased in middle-aged (11.10%) and in aged (45.97%) subjects, and this loss of TH-ir neurons was highly correlated (r = 0.92) with the loss of Nurr1-ir neurons. In contrast, the number of melanin-containing nigral neuron number was generally stable across age groups, indicating that changes in Nurr1 and TH reflect phenotypic age-related changes and not frank neuronal degeneration. In support of this concept, confocal microscopic analyses of Nurr1-ir and TH-ir fluorescence intensity revealed parallel decreases in Nurr1- and TH-immunofluorescence as a function of age. These data demonstrate that age-related decline of DA phenotypic markers is associated with down-regulation of Nurr1 expression in the SN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Chu
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Paddock
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Bertrand
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA. cbertra+@pitt.edu
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