1
|
Katsoulis K, Amara CE. The Effects of Power Training Frequency on Muscle Power and Functional Performance in Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Strength Cond Res 2023; 37:2289-2297. [PMID: 37335760 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000004527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Katsoulis, K and Amara, CE. The effects of power training frequency on muscle power and functional performance in older women: a randomized controlled trial. J Strength Cond Res 37(11): 2289-2297, 2023-Low-intensity power training (PT) has emerged as an effective method for improving muscle power and functional performance in older adults. However, effects of low training frequencies are less understood and could expand the repertoire of exercise prescription, particularly in older women who experience greater functional disability with age compared with men. This study investigated the impact of frequency of low-intensity (40% of 1 repetition maximum, 1RM) PT on lower-body power and functional performance in healthy older women. Women (74 ± 4 years) were randomized to 12 weeks of PT of 1 (PT1, n = 14), 2 (PT2, n = 17), or 3 (PT3, n = 17) d·wk -1 or wait control (CON, n = 15). Measures included leg press 1RM, knee extension power (KEP), and functional performance (stair climb power, stair climb time, 30-second chair stands, 400-m walk, Short Physical Performance Battery). There were no differences between the frequency of training in changes in leg press 1RM, KEP, or functional performance after 12 weeks. Pre-post data for individual training groups revealed that leg press 1RM improved in all PT groups (20-33%, p < 0.05). Furthermore, KEP improved in PT2 and PT3 by 10 and 12%, respectively, and all PT groups improved in the 30-second chair stands and Short Physical Performance Battery (6-22%), whereas PT1 and PT3 improved in the 400-m walk and PT2 improved in stair climb power and stair climb time after training (4-7%, p < 0.05). One to 3 weekly low-intensity PT sessions can improve functional performance, although improvements in both functional performance and power might require 2 or 3 sessions per week in older healthy women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Katsoulis
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang H, Liu Y, Pei Z, Liang J, Ding X. The influence of Tai Chi exercise on the subjective well-being in the aged: the mediating role of physical fitness and cognitive function. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:636. [PMID: 37814237 PMCID: PMC10563265 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04366-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of Tai Chi exercise on subjective well-being in the aged. The participants were randomly assigned to an experimental group or a control group. The experimental group received 12-week Tai Chi exercise while the control group maintain their original living habits. The participants' subjective well-being, physical fitness, self-control, and executive function were measured at baseline and after 12 weeks of Tai Chi exercise. Results: (1) Tai Chi exercise can positively affect the subjective well-being of the aged (F(1,78) = 37.699, p < 0.001); (2) Tai Chi exercise could affect the subjective well-being in the aged through the independent intermediary of physical fitness (95% CI=[0.115, 0.485]) and self-control (95% CI=[0.109, 0.433]); (3) Tai Chi exercise could indirectly affect the subjective well-being in the aged through the chain mediation of executive function and self-control (95% CI=[0.009, 0.104]). This study provides valuable insights into the potential benefits of Tai Chi exercise for subjective well-being in the aged.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heng Wang
- College of Physical Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China.
| | - Yangyang Liu
- College of Physical Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Zhengguo Pei
- College of Physical Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Jiafeng Liang
- College of Physical Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Xiaosheng Ding
- Faculty of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kim S, Kim SM, Hwang H, Kim MK, Kim HJ, Park S, Han DH. The effects of music therapy on the psychological status of women with perimenopause syndrome. Menopause 2023; 30:1045-1052. [PMID: 37643387 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000002241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Women experience many physical and psychological changes with the reduction of progesterone and estrogen as ovarian function gradually weakens. This study applied a music psychotherapy program as a nonpharmacological treatment method in addition to treatment using drugs such as hormone therapy for perimenopausal women. METHOD This study's pre-post, control-experimental research compared 20 women in the music psychotherapy experimental group and 20 in the cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) control group. The perimenopausal women aged between 40 and 60 years experienced no menstrual period for 1 year. We provided eight sessions of music psychotherapy, including CBT, each lasting 60 minutes. The study period was 4 months from the time of recruitment. RESULTS The music therapy group showed a more significant decrease in the Menopause Rating Scale total (change over time, 9.2 points and 3.5 points, respectively; P = 0.008) and psychology subcategory (change over time, 6.5 points and 0.9 points, respectively; P = 0.004) of Menopause Rating Scale scores, compared with the CBT group. In addition, the music therapy group increased their quality of life psychological score, but the CBT group did not. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that music therapy can help the psychological and emotional symptoms of perimenopausal women and is effective for treatment. The study result provides a therapeutic basis for developing treatments for nonpharmacological mediation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soyeon Kim
- From the Department of Psychiatry, Chung Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Mi Kim
- From the Department of Psychiatry, Chung Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunchan Hwang
- From the Department of Psychiatry, Chung Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kyoon Kim
- Department of Surgery, Chung Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Doug Hyun Han
- From the Department of Psychiatry, Chung Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lii YY, Tai YC, Wang HY, Yeh IC, Chiu YC, Hou CY, Tsai FH. The Impact of Exercise Training on Physical Activity among Elderly Women in the Community: A Pilot Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2601. [PMID: 37761798 PMCID: PMC10531120 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11182601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
According to a survey conducted by the Taiwanese government, the elderly spend most of their time watching TV for their daily leisure activities, and most do not pant or sweat during exercise. Relevant studies have shown that physical activity has benefits and importance for the physical functions of the elderly. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of exercise training on the functional fitness of elderly females in the community. The women subjects were from the community of Kaohsiung City, Taiwan. In total, 34 females were randomly divided into an intervention group and a control group. The ages of the subjects ranged from 65 to 80 years old, with an average age of 75.13. The experimental group continued their physical activity intervention for 20 weeks. The control group had no training plan. The results of the study showed that after 20 weeks of intervention, participants in the intervention group experienced improvements in back grasping, right-hand grip strength, sitting to standing, right hip flexion, right knee extension, right ankle dorsiflexion, right sitting forward extension balance, and sitting back around objects. Six-minute walking distances also showed a significant difference in all cases. The results demonstrated that the 20-week physical activity program intervention used in this study can assist in improving back grasping, right-hand grip strength, sitting to standing, right-hand sitting posture, forward balance, sitting back around objects, and six-minute walking distance among older women in the community. In summary, we recommend a moderate-intensity physical activity exercise program for older women in the community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- You-Ying Lii
- Physical Education Office, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan; (Y.-Y.L.); (I.-C.Y.)
| | - Yao-Chung Tai
- Marine Leisure Management, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan;
| | - Hung-Yi Wang
- Department of Sports Technology and Leisure Management, Center for General Education, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 84001, Taiwan
| | - I-Chen Yeh
- Physical Education Office, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan; (Y.-Y.L.); (I.-C.Y.)
| | - Yen-Chun Chiu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan;
| | - Chieh-Yi Hou
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, E-DA Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan;
| | - Feng-Hua Tsai
- Center for Physical and Health Education, Nation Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan;
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bartolomé Martín I, Esteve Arríen A, Neira Álvarez M, Cristofori G, Cedeno-Veloz BA, Esbrí Víctor M, Pérez Pena B, González Ramírez A, Caballero-Mora MÁ. Specialized Care Resources for Diagnosis and Management of Patients Who Have Suffered Falls: Results of a National Survey in Geriatric Units. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:5975. [PMID: 37297579 PMCID: PMC10252905 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20115975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Clinical guidelines recommend comprehensive multifactorial assessment and intervention to prevent falls and fractures in older populations. METHODS A descriptive study was conducted by the Falls Study Group of the Spanish Geriatric Medicine Society (SEMEG) to outline which types of healthcare-specific resources were assigned for fall assessment in Spanish geriatric departments. A self-reported seven-item questionnaire was delivered from February 2019 to February 2020. Where geriatric medicine departments were not available, we tried to contact geriatricians working in those areas. RESULTS Information was obtained regarding 91 participant centers from 15 autonomous communities, 35.1% being from Catalonia and 20.8% from Madrid. A total of 21.6% reported a multidisciplinary falls unit, half of them in geriatric day hospitals. Half of them reported fall assessment as part of a general geriatric assessment in general geriatric outpatient clinics (49.5%) and, in 74.7% of cases, the assessment was based on functional tests. A total of 18.7% reported the use of biomechanical tools, such as posturography, gait-rides or accelerometers, for gait and balance analysis, and 5.5% used dual X-ray absorptiometry. A total of 34% reported research activity focused on falls or related areas. Regarding intervention strategies, 59% reported in-hospital exercise programs focused on gait and balance improvement and 79% were aware of community programs or the pathways to refer patients to these resources. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a necessary starting point for a future deep analysis. Although this study was carried out in Spain, it highlights the need to improve public health in the field of fall prevention, as well as the need, when implementing public health measures, to verify that these measures are implemented homogeneously throughout the territory. Therefore, although this analysis was at the local level, it could be useful for other countries to reproduce the model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marta Neira Álvarez
- Geriatrician Department, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Universidad Complutense, 28031 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Giovanna Cristofori
- Geriatrician Department, Hospital Universitario Central de la Cruz Roja, 28003 Madrid, Spain;
| | | | - Mariano Esbrí Víctor
- Geriatrician Department, Hospital Perpetuo Socorro Albacete, 02006 Albacete, Spain;
| | - Bárbara Pérez Pena
- Geriatrician Department, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla Santander, 39008 Santander, Spain;
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Formica MB, Gianoudis J, Nowson CA, O'Connell SL, Milte C, Ellis KA, Daly RM. Effects of a Multi-component, Resistance-Based Exercise Program Combined with Additional Lean Red Meat on Health-Related Quality of Life in Older Adults: Secondary Analysis of a 6-Month Randomized Controlled Trial. J Nutr Health Aging 2023; 27:421-429. [PMID: 37357325 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-023-1915-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess whether consumption of lean red meat on three exercise training days per week can promote greater improvements than exercise alone in health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) in community-dwelling older adults. DESIGN This study is a secondary analysis from a 6 month, two-arm, parallel randomized controlled trial conducted in 2014 and 2015. SETTING Community-dwelling older adults living in metropolitan Melbourne, Australia. PARTICIPANTS One hundred and fifty-four men and women aged ≥65 years. INTERVENTION All participants were enrolled in a multi-component, resistance-based exercise program (3 d/week) and randomly allocated to either a group asked to consume lean red meat (2x80g cooked servings/day) on each of the three training days (Ex+Meat, n=77) or a control group asked to consume one serving of carbohydrates (1/2 cup rice/pasta or 1 medium potato; Ex+C, n=77). MEASUREMENTS HR-QoL was assessed using the Short-Form (SF)-36 health survey. RESULTS Overall 62% of the participants were female, the mean age was 70.7 years (range 65 to 84 years), approximately 67% of participants were classified as either overweight or obese, and the average number of chronic conditions was two. A total of 145 participants (94%) completed the study. Mean baseline HR-QoL scores were comparable to the mean for the Australian population [Global HR-QoL (mean ± SD): Ex+Meat, 49.99 ± 6.57; Ex+C, 50.49 ± 5.27]. General Linear Mixed Models examining within and between group changes over time revealed that after 6 months, there were no within-group changes in either Ex+Meat or Ex+C nor any between-group differences for any measure of HR-QoL, with the exception that the mental health subscale improved in Ex+C versus Ex+Meat [net difference for change, -2.32 (95% CI), -4.73, 0.09, P=0.048] after adjusting for relevant covariates and the physical function subscale improved in Ex+Meat relative to baseline [mean change (95% CI), 1.88 (0.37, 3.39), P=0.011]. CONCLUSION A multi-component resistance-based training program performed with and without the provision of lean red meat in line with current Australian dietary guidelines on each of the three training days, did not improve HR-QoL in healthy community-dwelling older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M B Formica
- Professor Robin M. Daly, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Melbourne, VIC, Australia 3215, , ORCID ID: 0000-0002-9897-1598
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ðošić A, Živković D, Milanović Z, Živković M, Bjelaković L, Bratić M, Pantelić S. The Association Between Level of Physical Activity and Body Mass Index, and Quality of Life Among Elderly Women. Front Psychol 2022; 12:804449. [PMID: 35002898 PMCID: PMC8734614 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.804449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The process of aging leads to changes in functional abilities, fitness levels, level of physical activity, and body mass index (BMI), all of which causes changes in the quality of life. The current study aims to determine the association between the level of physical activity (PA) and BMI, and quality of life (QoL) among elderly women. The total sample numbered 156 women, with an average age of 67.7 ± 5.6 years. To determine the level of physical activity, the self-reported International Physical Activity Questionnaire Long Form (IPAQ-LF), was used. To calculate the values of the BMI, the standard procedure recommended by the World Health Organization was used. Quality of life was evaluated using the short form of the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire designed by the World Health Organization. All the data were processed using the statistical package for data analysis SPSS 20.0. Pearson's correlation analysis shows statistically significant relations at the level of p < 0.01 between PA and Physical health in Housework = 0.36, Leisure time PA = 0.27, Walking = 0.24, Moderate PA 0.43, Total PA = 0.43, while the correlations between the variables at the significance level of p < 0.05 were determined in PA in transportation = 0.19 and High-intensity PA = 0.16. Multiple linear regression analysis of different levels of PA as independent variables on individual domains of QoL shows that there is an association of PA and Physical health (Sig = 0.000), more precisely, Total PA is statistically the most closely related to Physical health (Sig = 0.000), and then follows PA at work and Social relations (Sig = 0.036). Similar results were obtained when BMI is added to model A. In contrast to model A, model B shows a statistically significant association between PA and BMI with the environmental domain of QoL (Sig = 0.001). The results of the current study indicate that high- and moderate-intensity physical activity both have benefits for physical health, whereas moderate PA showed higher significance levels. Results also show that elderly women with higher BMI values achieve better results in the environmental domain of QoL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anđela Ðošić
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Danijela Živković
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Zoran Milanović
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia.,Science and Research Centre Koper, Institute for Kinesiology Research, Koper, Slovenia.,Faculty of Sports Studies, Incubator of Kinanthropological Research, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Mladen Živković
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | | | - Marija Bratić
- Faculty of Science and Mathematics, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Saša Pantelić
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Schaun GZ, Bamman MM, Alberton CL. High-velocity resistance training as a tool to improve functional performance and muscle power in older adults. Exp Gerontol 2021; 156:111593. [PMID: 34656749 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The aging process results in several physiological impairments that, in turn, may predispose older individuals to a series of restrictions on their functional capacity. These impairments are important to understand so that suitable conditions for healthier aging can be pursued. In this review, we first summarize the effects of aging on the neuromuscular system, as well as on the relation between the main age-associated physiological impairments and functional performance with an emphasis on muscle power output. We then proceed to discuss the effects of resistance training, specifically high-velocity resistance training (HVRT), on the aforementioned neuromuscular impairments, and on functional performance in healthy and mobility-limited older adults. Collectively, available evidence suggests that HVRT seems to be a safe and effective intervention for improving muscle power, functional performance, and mobility of older individuals. It also seems that mobility-limited older adults may improve power and functional performance to a greater extent than their healthy counterparts after HVRT, which is in line with the principle of diminishing returns. Considering that only a very limited number of investigations directly compared the effects of HVRT in more than one of the aforementioned groups, studies comparing the adaptations to HVRT of middle-aged adults and older adults with distinct functional capacities would be valuable to determine whether there are differences in neuromuscular adaptations, functional performance, and functional reserve among these groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Z Schaun
- Neuromuscular Assessment Laboratory, Physical Education School, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil; UAB Center for Exercise Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America.
| | - Marcas M Bamman
- UAB Center for Exercise Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America; Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, Pensacola, FL, United States of America
| | - Cristine L Alberton
- Neuromuscular Assessment Laboratory, Physical Education School, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chen HH, Hsieh PL. Applying the Pender's Health Promotion Model to Identify the Factors Related to Older Adults' Participation in Community-Based Health Promotion Activities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:9985. [PMID: 34639294 PMCID: PMC8508522 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18199985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Aging societies have garnered global attention regarding issues related to older adults' health promotion. This cross-sectional study aimed to identify factors associated with older adults' participation in community-based health promotion activities. The Older Adults' Health Promotion Activity Questionnaire was developed to collect data, and a total of 139 older adults were recruited from a community care center in Taoyuan City. Participants' mean age was 72.7 years (SD = 6.0 years), 74.8% were females, 64.7% were married, 59% had a lower level of education, 51.8% had lower income, 59% reported their health status not good, and 76.3% had chronic disease. Our findings indicated that age, perceived benefits, and self-efficacy were identified as significant predictors of participation in health promotion activities. Among them, perceived benefits were found to have the strongest association with participation in health promotion activities (β = 0.305; p < 0.05). The findings showed that the Pender's Health Promotion Model is useful to provide information for predicting and detecting significant factors related to older adults' participation in community-based health promotion activities. By using this model as a framework, researchers can design more specific studies that are directed towards improving healthy lifestyles and detecting the key components of health-related behaviors among different age groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hsuan-Hui Chen
- Nursing Department, Yang Ming Hospital, Taoyuan City 324005, Taiwan;
| | - Pei-Lin Hsieh
- School of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chang Gung Medical Foundation, Associate Research Fellow, Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ransdell LB, Wayment HA, Lopez N, Lorts C, Schwartz AL, Pugliesi K, Pohl PS, Bycura D, Camplain R. The impact of resistance training on body composition, muscle strength, and functional fitness in older women (45-80 years): A systematic review (2010-2020). WOMEN 2021; 1:143-168. [PMID: 35702064 PMCID: PMC9191851 DOI: 10.3390/women1030014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
As women age, they typically experience a progressive decrease in skeletal muscle mass and strength, which can lead to a decline in functional fitness and quality of life. Resistance training (RT) has the potential to attenuate these losses. Although well established for men, evidence regarding the benefits of RT for women is sparse and inconsistent: prior reviews include too few studies with women and do not adequately examine the interactive or additive impacts of workload, modalities, and nutritional supplements on outcomes such as muscle mass (MM), body composition (BC), muscle strength (MS), and functional fitness (FF). The purpose of this review is to identify these gaps. Thirty-eight papers published between 2010 and 2020 (in English) represent 2519 subjects (mean age = 66.89 ± 4.91 years). Intervention averages include 2 to 3 × 50 min sessions across 15 weeks with 7 exercises per session and 11 repetitions per set. Twelve studies (32%) examined the impact of RT plus dietary manipulation. MM, MS, and FF showed positive changes after RT. Adding RT to fitness regimens for peri- to postmenopausal women is likely to have positive benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lynda B Ransdell
- College of Health and Human Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL
| | - Heidi A Wayment
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ
| | - Nanette Lopez
- Department of Health Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ
| | - Cori Lorts
- Department of Health Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ
| | - Anna L Schwartz
- School of Nursing, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ
| | - Karen Pugliesi
- Department of Sociology, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ
| | - Patricia S Pohl
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ
| | - Dierdra Bycura
- Department of Health Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ
| | - Ricky Camplain
- Department of Health Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Vieira IP, Lobo PCB, Fisher J, Ramirez-Campilo R, Pimentel GD, Gentil P. Effects of High-Speed Versus Traditional Resistance Training in Older Adults. Sports Health 2021; 14:283-291. [PMID: 34053371 DOI: 10.1177/19417381211015211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The losses of strength, agility, balance, and functionality caused by aging are harmful to the elderly population. Resistance training (RT) may be an efficient tool to mitigate such neuromuscular decline and different RT methods can be used. Therefore, it is important to investigate the different responses to different training methods. HYPOTHESIS Eight weeks of traditional resistance training (TRT) are expected to promote similar results to high-speed training (HST) in physical functional performance (PFP) and quality of life in the elderly. STUDY DESIGN A clinical trial. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 3. METHODS Participants (n = 24) with a mean age of 67.8 ± 6.3 years completed 8 weeks of RT. They were allocated into HST (n = 12) and TRT (n = 12). TRT involved training with 10 to 12 repetitions at controlled velocity until momentary muscle failure, while HST involved performing 6 to 8 repetitions at 40% to 60% of 1 repetition maximum (1RM) at maximum velocity. Pre- and posttraining, the participants were tested for (1) maximum strength in the 45° leg press and chest press; (2) PFP in the 30-second chair stand, timed-up-and-go (TUG), and medicine ball throw test; and (3) quality of life. RESULTS Both groups improved muscle strength in the 45° leg press, with greater increases for TRT (HST: +21% vs TRT: +49%, P = 0.019). There was no change in chest press strength for HST (-0.6%) (P = 0.61), but there was a significant increase for the TRT group (+21%, P = 0.001). There was a similar improvement (P < 0.05) for both groups in TUG (HST: 7%; TRT: 10%), chair stand (HST: 18%; TRT: 21%), and medicine ball throwing performance (HST: 9%; TRT: 9%), with no difference between groups (P = 0.08-0.94). Emotional aspect significantly increased by 20% (P = 0.04) in HST and 50% (P = 0.04) in TRT. CONCLUSION Both TRT and HST are able to promote improvements in functional performance in the elderly with greater in strength gains for TRT. Therefore, exercise professionals could choose based on individual characteristics and preferences. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The findings provide important insights into how health care professionals can prescribe HST and TRT, considering efficiency, safety, and individual aspects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Itamar P Vieira
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Patrícia C B Lobo
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - James Fisher
- School for Sport, Health and Social Sciences, Southampton Solent University, Southampton, UK
| | | | - Gustavo D Pimentel
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Paulo Gentil
- Faculdade de Educação Física e Dança, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Pirauá ALT, de Oliveira VMA, Cavalcante BR, Beltrão NB, Batista GDA, Pitangui ACR, Araújo RCD. Effects of 24 weeks strength training with and without unstable devices on strength, flexibility and quality of life in older women: A secondary analysis from randomized controlled trial. ISOKINET EXERC SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.3233/ies-204187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Combining strength training (ST) with unstable surfaces (US) is a promising complementary approach to traditional ST to optimize muscle strength and balance in different populations. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of traditional ST and ST+US on grip strength, flexibility and quality of life in older women. METHODS: Fifty-eight older women were randomly assigned into ST (n= 22), ST+US (n= 22) or control (n= 14) group. Exercise groups performed whole-body, moderate-intensity strength exercises, thrice a week during 24-weeks. ST+US participants performed the same exercise prescription progressively adding unstable surfaces and devices. Dependent variables (grip strength, flexibility and health-related quality of life) were measured at baseline, 12-weeks and after 24-weeks of intervention. RESULTS: At completion of 24-weeks, compared with control group, traditional ST promote flexibility gains [SRT =+ 5.42 cm (95% CI = 1.01 to 9.83)]. Both training regimes improved quality of life [ST =+9.50 (95% CI = 1.80 to 17.20); ST+US =+ 15.23 (95%CI = 7.37 to 23.08). No significant between-group difference was observed for grip strength at completion of the intervention. CONCLUSION: Traditional strength exercises were effective to improve flexibility and health-related quality of life among healthy older women. Combining unstable devices with traditional exercise did not provide additional gains in order to promote flexibility and quality of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- André Luiz Torres Pirauá
- Department of Physical Activity, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
- Physical Education Post-Graduation Program, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | | | - Natália Barros Beltrão
- Department of Physical Activity, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | | | - Rodrigo Cappato de Araújo
- Associated Graduate Program in Physical Education UPE/UFPB, Recife, PE, Brazil
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Pernambuco, Petrolina, PE, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Characteristics of Physical Exercise Programs for Older Adults in Latin America: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18062812. [PMID: 33802095 PMCID: PMC8000929 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18062812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM To characterize physical exercise programs for older adults in Latin America. METHODS This review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA statement. A search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published between the years 2015 and 2020 was performed in the Scopus, MedLine and SciELO databases. RESULTS A total of 101 RCTs were included. A large percentage of the studies had an unclear risk of bias in the items: selection, performance, detection and attribution. Furthermore, a heterogeneous level of compliance was observed in the CERT items. A total sample of 5013 older adults (79% women) was included. 97% of the studies included older adults between 60-70 years, presenting an adherence to the interventions of 86%. The studies were mainly carried out in older adults with cardiometabolic diseases. Only 44% of the studies detailed information regarding the place of intervention; of these studies, 61% developed their interventions in university facilities. The interventions were mainly based on therapeutic physical exercise (89% of the articles), with a duration of 2-6 months (95% of the articles) and a frequency of 2-3 times a week (95% of the articles) with sessions of 30-60 min (94% of the articles) led by sports science professionals (51% of the articles). The components of physical fitness that were exercised the most were muscular strength (77% of the articles) and cardiorespiratory fitness (47% of the articles). Furthermore, only 48% of the studies included a warm-up stage and 34% of the studies included a cool-down stage. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review characterized the physical exercise programs in older adults in Latin America, as well the most frequently used outcome measures and instruments, by summarizing available evidence derived from RCTs. The results will be useful for prescribing future physical exercise programs in older adults.
Collapse
|
14
|
Rodriguez-Lopez C, Alcazar J, Losa-Reyna J, Martin-Espinosa NM, Baltasar-Fernandez I, Ara I, Csapo R, Alegre LM. Effects of Power-Oriented Resistance Training With Heavy vs. Light Loads on Muscle-Tendon Function in Older Adults: A Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. Front Physiol 2021; 12:635094. [PMID: 33679447 PMCID: PMC7935559 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.635094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Power-oriented resistance training (PRT) is one of the most effective exercise programs to counteract neuromuscular and physical function age-related declines. However, the optimal load that maximizes these outcomes or the load-specific adaptations induced on muscle power determinants remain to be better understood. Furthermore, to investigate whether these adaptations are potentially transferred to an untrained limb (i.e., cross-education phenomenon) could be especially relevant during limb-immobilization frequently observed in older people (e.g., after hip fracture). Methods At least 30 well-functioning older participants (>65 years) will participate in a within-person randomized controlled trial. After an 8-week control period, the effects of two 12-week PRT programs using light vs. heavy loads will be compared using an unilateral exercise model through three study arms (light-load PRT vs. non-exercise; heavy-load PRT vs. non-exercise; and light- vs. heavy- load PRT). Muscle-tendon function, muscle excitation and morphology and physical function will be evaluated to analyze the load-specific effects of PRT in older people. Additionally, the effects of PRT will be examined on a non-exercised contralateral limb. Discussion Tailored exercise programs are largely demanded given their potentially greater efficiency preventing age-related negative consequences, especially during limb-immobilization. This trial will provide evidence supporting the use of light- or heavy-load PRT on older adults depending on individual needs, improving decision making and exercise program efficacy. Clinical Trial Registration NCT03724461 registration data: October 30, 2018.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Rodriguez-Lopez
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Julian Alcazar
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Losa-Reyna
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Geriatrics, Hospital Virgen del Valle, Complejo Hospitalario de Toledo, Toledo, Spain
| | | | - Ivan Baltasar-Fernandez
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Ara
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Robert Csapo
- Research Unit for Orthopaedic Sports Medicine and Injury Prevention, ISAG, University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall in Tirol, Austria
| | - Luis M Alegre
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Influence of Resistance Training on Gait & Balance Parameters in Older Adults: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18041759. [PMID: 33670281 PMCID: PMC7918150 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In this work we aimed to perform a systematic review of randomized controlled trials within an aging population that investigated the general impacts of a resistance training (RT) protocol on key outcome measures relating to gait and/or balance. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement guidelines, two electronic databases (PubMed, and Scopus) were searched for randomized controlled trials that measured at least one key outcome measure focusing on gait and/or balance in older adults. 3794 studies were identified, and after duplicates were removed, 1913 studies remained. 1886 records were removed due to the abstract not meeting the inclusion criteria. 28 full-text articles were assessed further, and 20 of the articles were identified as meeting the criteria for inclusion. The remaining 20 studies were assessed for quality using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale; 12 studies remained and were included in this systematic review. Our review suggests that RT has a positive effect on both gait and balance in an elderly population. RT improves gait, specifically straight-line walking speed in older adults. RT is an adequate training method to improve balance in an aging population. Improvements in strength, attributed to RT, may allow for greater autonomy and independence to carry out activities of daily living as we age.
Collapse
|
16
|
Dello Iacono A, Martone D, Hayes L. Acute mechanical, physiological and perceptual responses in older men to traditional-set or different cluster-set configuration resistance training protocols. Eur J Appl Physiol 2020; 120:2311-2323. [PMID: 32778913 PMCID: PMC7502068 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-020-04453-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aims of this study were to compare mechanical outputs (i.e. power and impulse), physiological (i.e. heart rate) and perceptual (i.e. effort and fatigue) responses in older men to traditional-set or different cluster-set configuration resistance training protocols. METHODS In a randomized cross-over design, 20 healthy old men (aged 67.2 ± 2.1 years) completed four resistance training sessions using the back squat exercise loaded with optimal power loads. Training configurations were: traditional (TRA), three sets of six repetitions with 120-s rest between each set; Cluster-set 1 (CLU1), 24 single-repetition clusters with 10 s of rest after every cluster; Cluster-set 2 (CLU2), 12 double-repetition clusters with 20-s rest after every cluster; and Cluster-set 4 (CLU4), 6 quadruple-repetition clusters with 40-s rest after every cluster. RESULTS Cluster-set configurations resulted in greater power outputs compared to traditional-set configuration (range 2.6-9.2%, all p [Formula: see text] 0.07 for main effect and protocol [Formula: see text] set interactions). CLU1 and CLU2 induced higher heart rate (range 7.1-10.5%, all p < 0.001 for main effect and protocol [Formula: see text] set interactions), lower rating of perceived exertion (range - 1.3 to - 3.2 AU, all p [Formula: see text] 0.006 for pairwise comparisons) and lower ratings of fatigue (range - 0.15 to - 4 AU, all p [Formula: see text] 0.012 for pairwise comparisons) compared to TRA and CLU4. Finally, an absolute preference for CLU2 was reported. CONCLUSIONS Findings presented here support the prescription of CLU2 as an optimal resistance training configuration for trained older men using the back squat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Dello Iacono
- University of the West of Scotland (School of Health and Life Sciences), Hamilton, UK.
| | - Domenico Martone
- Universita' Degli Studi di Napoli (Dipartimento di Science Motorie e Benessere), Naples, Italy
| | - Lawrence Hayes
- University of the West of Scotland (School of Health and Life Sciences), Hamilton, UK
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kneffel Z, Murlasits Z, Reed J, Krieger J. A meta-regression of the effects of resistance training frequency on muscular strength and hypertrophy in adults over 60 years of age. J Sports Sci 2020; 39:351-358. [PMID: 32948100 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2020.1822595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Resistance training is a commonly used strategy for improving both athletic performance and general health. While the contribution of resistance training intensity and volume to muscle strength and hypertrophy have been extensively investigated, training frequency only recently received sufficient attention, especially in older adults. A meta-regression was conducted to compare muscle strength and hypertrophic adaptations to resistance training programmes performed with different training frequencies in adults over 60 years of age. The systematic literature search identified 14 articles for meta-regression. For each outcome, an effect size (ES) was calculated as the pre-test-post-test change, divided by the pooled pre-test standard deviation (SD). Random-effects meta-regressions for multilevel data structures, using study as the clustering variable, were performed using package metafor in R. Maximal strength shows a significant effect of frequency (p = 0.001), with an increase in effect size of 0.14 for every day increase in frequency (CI: 0.08, 0.21). For muscle hypertrophy, no significant effect of frequency was found (p = 0.67). Considering that muscle hypertrophy was not affected, while maximum strength was only slightly improved with additional training days, it seems unlikely that more than two weekly resistance training sessions would provide any further benefits for older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Kneffel
- Department of Health Sciences and Sport Medicine, University of Physical Education , Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Murlasits
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Qatar University , Doha, Qatar
| | - Jacob Reed
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Notherm Iowa , Cedar Falls, IA, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Bezerra EDS, Orssatto LBR, Oliveira SN, Sakugawa RL, Ribeiro AS, Diefenthaeler F, Moro ARP. One-year cessation following resistance training differently affects neuromuscular, body composition, and functional capacity in older adults. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-020-00695-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
19
|
Rétsági E, Prémusz V, Makai A, Melczer C, Betlehem J, Lampek K, Ács P, Hock M. Association with subjective measured physical activity (GPAQ) and quality of life (WHOQoL-BREF) of ageing adults in Hungary, a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:1061. [PMID: 32799853 PMCID: PMC7429902 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-08833-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is well known that physical activity (PA) has health benefits. This study aimed to examine physical activity carried out by the senior (over 50) participants and its relation to their quality of life (QoL). METHODS Surveillance of PA and QoL was measured by using questionnaires (GPAQ, WHOQoL-BREF) in this study. Descriptive data were presented as means and standard deviations (SD) for continuous variables and as percentages for categorical variables. Multivariate linear regression analysis was conducted. The significance level was set at p ≤ 0.05. RESULTS Overall, 250 participants were recruited, the mean age of the study population (n = 243) was 70.2 (SD 7.1) years. The results clearly showed that the Hungarian participants aged over 50 years were more likely to do PA if they had university degree and lower age (p ≤ 0.001) and used more active transportation (p = 0.035) if they had low education. The results of WHOQoL-BREF showed that the Hungarian individuals have better QoL if they have university degree (p ≤ 0.001) and lower age (p ≤ 0.001). Using multivariate linear regression analysis to examine the effect of PA patterns on QoL adjusted for demographic variables (age, education, BMI, place of living), the result showed significant correlation between WHOQoL-BREF dimensions and GPAQ (p ≤ 0.001). CONCLUSION Higher amount of PA among aging population can result in better QoL in all dimensions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erzsébet Rétsági
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Physiotherapy and Sport Sciences, University of Pécs, 4 Rét str., Pécs, H-7623 Hungary
| | - Viktória Prémusz
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, 4 Vörösmarty str., Pécs, H-7621 Hungary
| | - Alexandra Makai
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Physiotherapy and Sport Sciences, University of Pécs, 4 Rét str., Pécs, H-7623 Hungary
| | - Csaba Melczer
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Physiotherapy and Sport Sciences, University of Pécs, 4 Rét str., Pécs, H-7623 Hungary
| | - József Betlehem
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Emergency Care and Health Pedagogy, University of Pécs Pécs, 4 Vörösmarty str., Pécs, H-7621 Hungary
| | - Kinga Lampek
- Department of Public Health and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Health Insurance, University of Pécs, 5-7 Mária str., Pécs, H-7621 Hungary
| | - Pongrác Ács
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Physiotherapy and Sport Sciences, University of Pécs, 4 Rét str., Pécs, H-7623 Hungary
| | - Márta Hock
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Physiotherapy and Sport Sciences, University of Pécs, 4 Rét str., Pécs, H-7623 Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Valdés-Badilla P, Guzmán-Muñoz E, Ramírez-Campillo R, Godoy-Cumillaf A, Concha-Cisternas Y, Ortega-Spuler J, Herrera-Valenzuela T, Durán-Agüero S, Vargas-Vitoria R, Magnani-Branco BH. Changes in anthropometric parameters and physical fitness in older adults after participating in a 16-week physical activity program. REVISTA DE LA FACULTAD DE MEDICINA 2020. [DOI: 10.15446/revfacmed.v68n3.75817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Physical activity is important for achieving healthy aging.
Objective: To analyze changes in anthropometric parameters and physical fitness among Chilean older adults after participating in a 16-week physical activity program and to evaluate whether there were differences in relation to their baseline nutritional status or not.
Materials and methods: Pre-experimental quantitative study. The study population consisted of 176 older adults (155 women and 21 men) distributed in three groups: normal weight (n=56), overweight (n=67) and obese (n=53). The following variables were evaluated: body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHR) and physical fitness.
Results: Significant decreases between pre- and post-measurements were found for WC (p<0.001), BMI (p=0.015), and WHR (p<0.001). Improvements were observed in the following tests: chair stand (p<0.001), arm curl (p<0.001), 2-min step (p<0.001), chair sit-&-reach (p=0.018) and back scratch (p=0.014). Regarding BMI, significant changes were observed between normal weight vs. overweight participants (p=0.001) and between normal weight vs. obese participants (p=0.001).
Conclusion: Older adult participants that regularly attended the physical activity program were able to reduce their WC, BMI and WHR, and also improved their physical-functional performance on the chair stand, arm curl, 2-min step, chair sit-&-reach and back scratch tests. In addition, anthropometric parameters and physical fitness also improved regardless of their baseline nutritional status.
Collapse
|
21
|
Soriano-Maldonado A, Martínez-Forte S, Ferrer-Márquez M, Martínez-Rosales E, Hernández-Martínez A, Carretero-Ruiz A, Villa-González E, Barranco-Ruiz Y, Rodríguez-Pérez MA, Torrente-Sánchez MJ, Carmona-Rodríguez L, Soriano-Maldonado P, Vargas-Hitos JA, Casimiro-Andújar AJ, Artero EG, Fernández-Alonso AM. Physical Exercise following bariatric surgery in women with Morbid obesity: Study protocol clinical trial (SPIRIT compliant). Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e19427. [PMID: 32195937 PMCID: PMC7220774 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000019427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe and morbid obesity are increasing globally, particularly in women. As BMI increases, the likelihood of anovulation is higher. The primary aim of the EMOVAR clinical trial is to examine, over the short (16 weeks) and medium (12 months) term, the effects of a supervised physical exercise program (focused primarily on aerobic and resistance training) on ovarian function in women with severe/morbid obesity who have undergone bariatric surgery. Secondary objectives are to examine the effects of the intervention on chronic inflammation, insulin resistance, arterial stiffness, physical fitness, and health-related quality of life. METHODS This is a randomized controlled trial in which ∼40 female bariatric surgery patients, aged between 18 and 45 years old, will be included. Participants assigned to the experimental group will perform a total of 48 sessions of supervised concurrent (strength and aerobic) training (3 sessions/week, 60 min/session) spread over 16 weeks. Patients assigned to the control group will receive lifestyle recommendations. Outcomes will be assessed at baseline, week 16 (i.e., after the exercise intervention) and 12 months after surgery. The primary outcome is ovarian function using the Sex-Hormone Binding Globuline, measured in serum. Secondary outcomes are serum levels of anti-mullerian hormone, TSH, T4, FSH, LH, estradiol, prolactine, and free androgen index, as well as oocyte count, the diameters of both ovaries, endometrial thickness, and uterine arterial pulsatility index (obtained from a transvaginal ultrasound), the duration of menstrual bleeding and menstrual cycle duration (obtained by personal interview) and hirsutism (Ferriman Gallwey Scale). Other secondary outcomes include serum markers of chronic inflammation and insulin resistance (i.e., C-reactive protein, interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, leptin, glomerular sedimentation rate, glucose, insulin and the HOMA-IR), arterial stiffness, systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure, body composition, and total weight loss. Physical fitness (including cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength, and flexibility), health-related quality of life (SF-36 v2) and sexual function (Female Sexual Function Index) will also be measured. DISCUSSION This study will provide, for the first time, relevant information on the effects of exercise training on ovarian function and underlying mechanisms in severe/morbid obese women following bariatric surgery. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN registry (ISRCTN27697878).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Soriano-Maldonado
- Department of Education, Faculty of Education Sciences; and SPORT Research Group (CTS-1024), CERNEP Research Center, University of Almería
| | | | - Manuel Ferrer-Márquez
- Bariatric Surgery Department, Torrecárdenas University Hospital, Almería
- Obesidad Almería, Hospital Mediterráneo, Almería
| | - Elena Martínez-Rosales
- Department of Education, Faculty of Education Sciences; and SPORT Research Group (CTS-1024), CERNEP Research Center, University of Almería
| | - Alba Hernández-Martínez
- Department of Education, Faculty of Education Sciences; and SPORT Research Group (CTS-1024), CERNEP Research Center, University of Almería
| | - Alejandro Carretero-Ruiz
- Department of Education, Faculty of Education Sciences; and SPORT Research Group (CTS-1024), CERNEP Research Center, University of Almería
| | - Emilio Villa-González
- Department of Physical and Sports Education, PROFITH “PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity” Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Faculty of Education and Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Melilla
| | - Yaira Barranco-Ruiz
- Department of Physical and Sports Education, PROFITH “PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity” Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Faculty of Education and Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Melilla
| | - Manuel A. Rodríguez-Pérez
- Department of Education, Faculty of Education Sciences; and SPORT Research Group (CTS-1024), CERNEP Research Center, University of Almería
| | | | - Lorena Carmona-Rodríguez
- Department of Macromolecular Structures, Proteomics Unit, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB/CSIC)
| | | | - José A. Vargas-Hitos
- Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, “Virgen de las Nieves” University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio J. Casimiro-Andújar
- Department of Education, Faculty of Education Sciences; and SPORT Research Group (CTS-1024), CERNEP Research Center, University of Almería
| | - Enrique G. Artero
- Department of Education, Faculty of Education Sciences; and SPORT Research Group (CTS-1024), CERNEP Research Center, University of Almería
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Optimal loads for power in older men and women using plate-loaded resistance machines. Exp Gerontol 2019; 124:110638. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2019.110638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
23
|
Marcos-Pardo PJ, González-Hernández JM, García-Ramos A, López-Vivancos A, Jiménez-Reyes P. Movement velocity can be used to estimate the relative load during the bench press and leg press exercises in older women. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7533. [PMID: 31497399 PMCID: PMC6707344 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Movement velocity has been proposed as an effective tool to prescribe the load during resistance training in young healthy adults. This study aimed to elucidate whether movement velocity could also be used to estimate the relative load (i.e., % of the one-repetition maximum (1RM)) in older women. Methods A total of 22 older women (age = 68.2 ± 3.6 years, bench press 1RM = 22.3 ± 4.7 kg, leg press 1RM = 114.6 ± 15.9 kg) performed an incremental loading test during the free-weight bench press and the leg press exercises on two separate sessions. The mean velocity (MV) was collected with a linear position transducer. Results A strong linear relationship between MV and the relative load was observed for the bench press (%1RM = −130.4 MV + 119.3; r2 = 0.827, standard error of the estimate (SEE) = 6.10%1RM, p < 0.001) and leg press exercises (%1RM = −158.3 MV + 131.4; r2 = 0.913, SEE = 5.63%1RM, p < 0.001). No significant differences were observed between the bench press and leg press exercises for the MV attained against light-medium relative loads (≤70%1RM), while the MV associated with heavy loads (≥80%1RM) was significantly higher for the leg press. Conclusions These results suggest that the monitoring of MV could be useful to prescribe the loads during resistance training in older women. However, it should be noted that the MV associated with a given %1RM is significantly lower in older women compared to young healthy individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jorge Miguel González-Hernández
- Faculty of Sport, Catholic University San Antonio of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,Faculty of Health Science, European University of Canarias, Tenerife, Islas Canarias, Spain
| | - Amador García-Ramos
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Sports Sciences and Physical Conditioning, Faculty of Education, CIEDE, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | | | - Pedro Jiménez-Reyes
- Centre for Sports Studies, Rey Juan Carlos University, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Reply to the commentary on: High-speed resistance training in elderly women: Effects of cluster training sets on functional performance and quality of life. Exp Gerontol 2019; 123:34-35. [PMID: 31136812 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2019.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
25
|
Matthews J, Torres SJ, Milte CM, Hopkins I, Kukuljan S, Nowson CA, Daly RM. Effects of a multicomponent exercise program combined with calcium-vitamin D 3-enriched milk on health-related quality of life and depressive symptoms in older men: secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Nutr 2019; 59:1081-1091. [PMID: 30993400 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-01969-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Osteoporosis is associated with both lower health-related quality of life and depression in older people. We examined the independent and combined effects of a multi-component exercise program and calcium-vitamin D3 fortified milk on health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) and depression in older men. METHODS In this 12-month, factorial design randomized controlled trial, 180 healthy community-dwelling men aged 50-79 years with normal to below average bone mineral density were allocated into one of four groups: exercise + fortified milk; exercise; fortified milk; or controls. Exercise consisted of high-intensity resistance training with weight-bearing exercise (3 days per week; 60-75 min per session). Men assigned to fortified milk consumed 400 ml/day of low-fat milk containing 1000 mg/day calcium and 800IU/day vitamin D3. Questionnaires were used to assess HR-QoL (SF-36) and depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale) at baseline, and 6 and 12 months. A linear mixed model analysis was used to test whether there was a synergistic interaction between exercise and calcium-vitamin D3. If no significant interactions were detected, the main effects of exercise and fortified milk were examined. RESULTS Mean adherence to the exercise program and fortified milk was 67% (95% CI 61, 73%) and 90% (95% CI 86, 93%), respectively. There were no exercise-by-fortified milk interactions nor main effects of exercise or calcium-vitamin D for any of the HR-QoL measures or depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION In healthy community-dwelling older men, exercise training and/or calcium-vitamin D fortified milk did not improve HR-QoL or depressive symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Matthews
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Susan J Torres
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.
| | - Catherine M Milte
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Indee Hopkins
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Sonja Kukuljan
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Caryl A Nowson
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Robin M Daly
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Orssatto LBDR, Cadore EL, Andersen LL, Diefenthaeler F. Why Fast Velocity Resistance Training Should Be Prioritized for Elderly People. Strength Cond J 2019. [DOI: 10.1519/ssc.0000000000000407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
27
|
Vetrovsky T, Steffl M, Stastny P, Tufano JJ. The Efficacy and Safety of Lower-Limb Plyometric Training in Older Adults: A Systematic Review. Sports Med 2019; 49:113-131. [PMID: 30387072 PMCID: PMC6349785 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-018-1018-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aging process is associated with a progressive decline of neuromuscular function, increased risk of falls and fractures, impaired functional performance, and loss of independence. Plyometric training may mitigate or even reverse such age-related deterioration; however, little research on the effects of plyometric exercises has been performed in older adults. OBJECTIVE The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of plyometric training in older adults. METHODS Papers reporting on randomized trials of plyometric training in older adults (≥ 60 years) and published up to December 2017 were sought in the PubMed, SPORTDiscus, Scopus, and EMBASE databases, and their methodological quality was assessed using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale. A narrative synthesis of the findings is presented in this systematic review. RESULTS Of the 2236 identified papers, 18 were included in the review, reporting on 12 different studies with a mean PEDro score of 6.0 (range 4-7). Altogether, 289 subjects (176 females and 113 males) were included in 15 intervention groups with plyometric components (n = 8-36 per group); their mean age ranged from 58.4 to 79.4 years. The plyometric training lasted from 4 weeks to 12 months. Muscular strength, bone health, body composition, postural stability, and jump and physical performance were the most often reported outcomes. No study reported increased occurrence of injuries or other adverse events related to plyometric exercises. CONCLUSION Plyometric training is a feasible and safe training option with potential for improving various performance, functional, and health-related outcomes in older persons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Vetrovsky
- The Strength and Conditioning Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University, Jose Martiho 269/31, 162 52, Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Michal Steffl
- The Strength and Conditioning Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University, Jose Martiho 269/31, 162 52, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Stastny
- Department of Sport Games, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University, Jose Martiho 269/31, 162 52, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - James J Tufano
- The Strength and Conditioning Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University, Jose Martiho 269/31, 162 52, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
High 1RM Tests Reproducibility and Validity are not Dependent on Training Experience, Muscle Group Tested or Strength Level in Older Women. Sports (Basel) 2018; 6:sports6040171. [PMID: 30544902 PMCID: PMC6315518 DOI: 10.3390/sports6040171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The maximal one-repetition test (1-RM) is widely used in scientific research; however, there are conflicting results regarding its reproducibility in elderly populations. The present study aimed to analyze the reproducibility of the test both before and after a 12-week training period by using the bench press and leg press 45° 1-RM tests in the elderly, taking into consideration the training experience and strength level of the women. Methods: Elderly women (n = 376; age, 68.5 ± 14.1 years; height, 162.7 ± 5.5 cm; body mass, 71.2 ± 16.0 kg) who underwent ≥3 months of resistance training performed an initial week of familiarization and a second week of testing and retest, with a 48–72 h interval. Results: The results showed that Kappa indices ranged from 0.93 to 0.95, and the intraclass correlation coefficients were 0.99 for both the lower and upper limbs. In addition, minimal detectable changes were found that ranged between 1 and 3%, which means that changes lower than 1 kg could be detected. Conclusion: The present study confirms that the 1-RM test has high reliability and reproducibility in the elderly, for both upper and lower limbs.
Collapse
|
29
|
|
30
|
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity in combination with sarcopenia (the age-related loss of muscle mass and strength or physical function) is increasing in adults aged 65 years and older. A major subset of adults over the age of 65 is now classified as having sarcopenic obesity, a high-risk geriatric syndrome predominantly observed in an ageing population that is at risk of synergistic complications from both sarcopenia and obesity. This Review discusses pathways and mechanisms leading to muscle impairment in older adults with obesity. We explore sex-specific hormonal changes, inflammatory pathways and myocellular mechanisms leading to the development of sarcopenic obesity. We discuss the evolution, controversies and challenges in defining sarcopenic obesity and present current body composition modalities used to assess this condition. Epidemiological surveys form the basis of defining its prevalence and consequences beyond comorbidity and mortality. Current treatment strategies, and the evidence supporting them, are outlined, with a focus on calorie restriction, protein supplementation and aerobic and resistance exercises. We also describe weight loss-induced complications in patients with sarcopenic obesity that are relevant to clinical management. Finally, we review novel and potential future therapies including testosterone, selective androgen receptor modulators, myostatin inhibitors, ghrelin analogues, vitamin K and mesenchymal stem cell therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John A Batsis
- Sections of General Internal Medicine and Weight and Wellness, and the Dartmouth Centers for Health and Aging, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA.
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, The Health Promotion Research Center and the Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA.
| | - Dennis T Villareal
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases, Michael E DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Radaelli R, Brusco CM, Lopez P, Rech A, Machado CL, Grazioli R, Müller DC, Cadore EL, Pinto RS. Higher muscle power training volume is not determinant for the magnitude of neuromuscular improvements in elderly women. Exp Gerontol 2018; 110:15-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
32
|
García-Hermoso A, Ramírez-Vélez R, Ramírez-Campillo R, Izquierdo M. Prevalence of Ideal Cardiovascular Health and Its Association with Cognitive Function in Older Adults: The Chilean National Health Survey (2009–2010). Rejuvenation Res 2018; 21:333-340. [DOI: 10.1089/rej.2017.1984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio García-Hermoso
- Laboratorio de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH, Santiago, Chile
| | - Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
- Centro de Estudios para la Medición de la Actividad Física “CEMA”, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá D.C, Colombia
| | - Rodrigo Ramírez-Campillo
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, Núcleo de Investigación en Salud, Actividad Física y Deporte, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre-Navarrabiomed, CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CB16/10/00315), Tudela, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Ramirez-Campillo R, Alvarez C, Garcìa-Hermoso A, Celis-Morales C, Ramirez-Velez R, Gentil P, Izquierdo M. High-speed resistance training in elderly women: Effects of cluster training sets on functional performance and quality of life. Exp Gerontol 2018; 110:216-222. [PMID: 29909049 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the effects of 12 weeks of high-speed resistance training on functional performance and quality of life in elderly women when using either a traditional-set (TS) or a cluster-set (CS) configuration for inter-set rest. METHODS Three groups of subjects were formed by block-design randomization as follows: (i) control group (CG, n = 17; age, 66.5 ± 5.4 years); (ii) 12-week high-speed resistance training group under a CS configuration (CSG, n = 15; age, 67.6 ± 5.4 years); and (iii) 12-week high-speed resistance training group under a TS configuration (TSG, n = 20; age, 68.0 ± 5.3 years). Training was undertaken three times per week, including high-speed resistance training exercises. The main difference between the training groups was the recovery set structure. In the TSG, women rested for 150 s after each set of eight repetitions, whereas the CSG used an interest rest redistribution, such that after two consecutive repetitions, a 30-s rest was allowed. RESULTS Group × test interactions were observed for a 10-m walking speed test, an 8-foot up-and-go test, a sit-to-stand test, and physical quality of life (p < 0.05; d = 0.12-0.81). The main results suggest that both training methods improve functional performance and quality of life, however, the CS configuration induced significantly greater improvements in functional performance and quality of life than the TS configuration. CONCLUSION These results should be considered when designing appropriate and better resistance training programs for older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo
- Universidad de Los Lagos, Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Research Nucleus in Health, Physical Activity and Sport, Laboratory of Measurement and Assessment in Sport, Osorno, Chile
| | - Cristian Alvarez
- Universidad de Los Lagos, Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Research Nucleus in Health, Physical Activity and Sport, Laboratory of Measurement and Assessment in Sport, Osorno, Chile
| | - Antonio Garcìa-Hermoso
- Laboratorio de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH, Chile
| | - Carlos Celis-Morales
- Human Nutrition Research Center, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Robinson Ramirez-Velez
- Centro de Estudios para la Medición de la Actividad Física "CEMA", Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, D.C. 111221, Colombia
| | - Paulo Gentil
- Faculdade de Educação Física e Dança, Universidade Federal de Goias, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Navarrabiomed, Pamplona, Navarre, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Physical Activity as a Determinant of Quality of Life in Working-Age People in Wrocław, Poland. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15040623. [PMID: 29596312 PMCID: PMC5923665 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15040623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Regular physical activity can greatly contribute to the improvement of physical fitness and performance, reduction of the incidence risk of some occupational diseases, and as a consequence, to a general improvement of quality of life in terms of health status. The aim of the article was to assess relationships between the quality of life and physical activity of a working-age population. The study material comprised 4460 residents of the city of Wrocław, Poland (2129 men, 2331 women) aged 18-64 years. The study was a questionnaire survey using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF) and The World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaires. The highest levels of overall quality of life and its four particular domains (physical, psychological, social, and environmental), as well as perceived health conditions were found among the most physically active respondents. Furthermore, the odds of high assessment of perceived overall quality of life were shown to increase with the increasing levels of physical activity. Activities aimed at the improvement of the quality of life of working-age people should involve programs enhancing the development of physical activity.
Collapse
|
35
|
Effects of a 9-month resistance training intervention on quality of life, sense of coherence, and depressive symptoms in older adults: randomized controlled trial. Qual Life Res 2017; 27:455-465. [PMID: 29124498 PMCID: PMC5846971 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-017-1733-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Purpose (1) To determine the effects of a 9-month resistance training intervention on quality of life, sense of coherence, and depressive symptoms in older adults, and (2) to compare effects between different training frequencies. Methods Men and women aged 65–75 (N = 106) were randomized to four groups according to training frequency: training groups RT1 (n = 26), RT2 (n = 27), and RT3 (n = 28) and non-training control group (n = 25). All training groups attended supervised resistance training twice a week for 3 months. For the following 6 months, they continued training with different frequencies (1, 2 or 3 times per week). Psychological functioning was measured by quality of life (WHOQOL-Bref), sense of coherence (Antonovsky’s SOC-13), and depressive symptoms (Beck’s Depression Inventory II). Measurements were conducted at baseline and 3 and 9 months after baseline. The effects of the intervention were analyzed using generalized estimating equations (GEE). Results After 3 months, there was an intervention effect on environmental quality of life (group × time p = .048). Between 3 and 9 months, environmental quality of life decreased among RT1 compared to RT2 and RT3 (group × time p = .025). Between baseline and 9 months, environmental quality of life increased in RT2 compared to all other groups (group × time p = .011). Sense of coherence increased in RT2 compared to the control group and RT3 (group × time p = .032). Conclusion Resistance training is beneficial for environmental quality of life and sense of coherence. Attending resistance training twice a week seems to be the most advantageous for these aspects of psychological functioning.
Collapse
|
36
|
Puciato D, Borysiuk Z, Rozpara M. Quality of life and physical activity in an older working-age population. Clin Interv Aging 2017; 12:1627-1634. [PMID: 29042763 PMCID: PMC5634394 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s144045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Physical activity can be an effective means of prevention and therapy of many psychosomatic disorders. It can also have a significant impact on the quality of life of older working-age people. The aim of the present study was to assess the relationships between quality of life and physical activity in older working-age people from Wrocław, Poland. Materials and methods The study group comprised 1,013 people, including 565 women and 448 men, aged 55–64 years (59.1±2.9 years). The study took form of a questionnaire survey. The participants assessed their physical activity and quality of life using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Version (IPAQ-SF) and the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF), respectively. Results The highest mean indices of general quality of life, perceived health status, and quality of life in the physical, psychological, social, and environmental domains were shown by respondents whose intensity of physical activity was the highest. Moreover, the odds of high assessment of overall quality of life increased with respondents’ higher levels of physical activity. Conclusion Quality of life improvement programs should also involve increased physical activity components.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Puciato
- Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, Opole
| | - Zbigniew Borysiuk
- Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, Opole
| | - Michał Rozpara
- Faculty of Physical Education, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Souza CFD, Vieira MCA, Nascimento RAD, Moreira MA, Câmara SMAD, Maciel ÁCC. Relationship between strength and muscle mass in middle-aged and elderly women: a cross-sectional study. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE GERIATRIA E GERONTOLOGIA 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1981-22562017020.170021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract Objective: to analyze the relationship between handgrip strength and lower limb strength and the amount of segmental skeletal muscle mass in middle-aged and elderly women. Methods: an observational, cross-sectional, observational study of 540 women aged between 40 and 80 years in the cities of Parnamirim and Santa Cruz, Rio Grande do Norte, was performed. Sociodemographic data, anthropometric measurements, handgrip dynamometry, knee flexors and extensors of the dominant limbs, as well as the segmental muscle mass of the limbs were evaluated. Data were analyzed using Student's t-Test, Chi-square test, Effect Size and Pearson's Correlation (CI 95%). Results: there were statistically significant weak and moderate correlations between handgrip strength and upper limb muscle mass, knee flexion strength and lower limb muscle mass, and between knee extension strength and lower limb muscle mass for the age groups 40-59 years and 60 years or more (p<0.05). Conclusions: muscle strength correlates with skeletal muscle mass. It could therefore be an indicator of the decrease in strength. It is not the only such indicator, however, as correlations were weak and moderate, which suggests the need for more studies on this theme to elucidate which components may also influence the loss of strength with aging.
Collapse
|
38
|
Barbalho MDSM, Gentil P, Izquierdo M, Fisher J, Steele J, Raiol RDA. There are no no-responders to low or high resistance training volumes among older women. Exp Gerontol 2017; 99:18-26. [PMID: 28918362 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the prevalence of non-responders to different tests and to compare the effects of different resistance training (RT) volumes on muscle strength, anthropometric and functional performance of older women. METHODS Three hundred seventy six women performed 12weeks of RT with either low or high volume (LV, 71.29±5.77years and HV 69.73±5.88years, respectively). Both groups performed the same exercises, and all parameters were held constant except for the number of sets performed per week. LV performed 8-12 for upper and 4-6 for lower body, while HV performed 16-20 and 8-10, respectively. Before and after the training period, the participants were tested for bench press and leg press 1RM, 30-s chair stand, 30-s arm curl, six-minute walk test, sit and reach, body weight and waist circumference. RESULTS Both groups significantly improved in all strength and functional tests and reduced their body weight and waist circumference. ANOVA revealed higher gains in the leg press 1RM, 30-s arm curls and 6-min walk test for the HV group and higher increases in the results of the sit and reach test for the LV group. However, the differences were negligible and may be attributable to a type I error due to the large sample size. Non-responsiveness was not apparent in any subject, as a positive response on at least one outcome was present in every participant. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that RT, even at low volume, improves waist circumference, muscle strength and physical function in the older population, with no evidence of non-responsiveness. Therefore, we should not be restrictive in prescribing this type of exercise to this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Paulo Gentil
- Faculdade de Educação Física e Dança, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Gôiania, GO, Brazil.
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CB16/10/00315), Tudela, Navarre, Spain
| | - James Fisher
- School of Sport, Health, and Social Sciences, Southampton Solent University, United Kingdom
| | - James Steele
- School of Sport, Health, and Social Sciences, Southampton Solent University, United Kingdom
| | - Rodolfo de Azevedo Raiol
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fisioterapia, Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|