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Lewis C, Fischer IC, Tsai J, Harpaz-Rotem I, Pietrzak RH. Barriers to Mental Health Care in US Military Veterans. Psychiatr Q 2024:10.1007/s11126-024-10078-7. [PMID: 38940875 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-024-10078-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Military veterans often encounter multiple obstacles to mental health care, such as stigma, practical barriers (e.g., high cost), and negative beliefs about mental health care. To date, however, nationally representative data on the prevalence and key correlates of these barriers to care are lacking. Such data are critical to informing population-based efforts to reduce barriers and promote engagement in mental health treatment in this population. METHODS Data were analyzed from the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study, which surveyed 4,069 US veterans, 531 (weighted 15.0%) of whom screened positive for a mental disorder but never received mental health treatment. Multivariable logistic regression and relative importance analyses were conducted to identify key predisposing, enabling, and need-based factors associated with endorsement of stigma, instrumental barriers, and negative beliefs about mental health care. RESULTS A total 47.1% of veterans endorsed any barrier to care, with 38.7% endorsing instrumental barriers to care, 28.8% perceived stigma, and 22.0% negative beliefs about mental health care. Lower purpose in life, grit, and received social support were most consistently associated with these barriers to care. CONCLUSIONS Nearly half of US veterans with psychiatric need and no history of mental health treatment report barriers to care. Modifiable characteristics such as a low purpose in life, grit, and received support were associated with endorsement of these barriers. Results may help inform resource allocation, as well as prevention, psychoeducation, and treatment efforts to help reduce barriers and promote engagement with mental health services in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor Lewis
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Ian C Fischer
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jack Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, National Center on Homelessness Among Veterans, Washington, DC, USA
- School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ilan Harpaz-Rotem
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Robert H Pietrzak
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
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Qorbani S, Majdabadi ZA, Nikpeyma N, Haghani S, Shahrestanaki SK, Poortaghi S. The effect of participation in support groups on retirement syndrome in older adults. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:333. [PMID: 38609838 PMCID: PMC11010321 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-04923-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retirement and aging are phenomena that often occur simultaneously and lead to various physical and psychological changes in older adults. Retirement syndrome consists of symptoms such as feelings of emptiness, loneliness, uselessness, lack of clear understanding of future conditions and dissatisfaction with one's performance after retirement. This phenomenon requires interventions to adapt to these changes. Considering the supportive role of nurses, the formation of support groups as an effective intervention in adapting to transitional stages is emphasized. AIMS This study aims to investigate the effect of older adults' participation in support groups on retirement syndrome. METHODS This Quasi-experimental study recruited a total of 80 retired older adults meeting the inclusion criteria from three Retirement Associations (Retirement centers for social security retirees are among the institutions that have been set up by the government and this organization to provide face-to-face and offline services to social security retirees, as well as providing some facilities to this segment of the society). in Iran, Research samples were randomly assigned to two intervention and control groups. The demographic questionnaire and retirement syndrome questionnaire were completed by both groups at the beginning of the study. Then, four support group sessions lasting 60 to 90 min were held twice a week for the support group, and eight weeks after the end of the intervention, the questionnaires were completed for both groups. The data were analyzed using statistical tests in SPSS version 16. The significance level was set at p < 0.05 for all tests. RESULTS The results of the covariance analysis showed that after the intervention, the feelings of helplessness and failure (p < 0.001), feelings of older and idleness (p = 0.027), and feelings of confusion and conflict (p = 0.002) were significantly less in the support group compared to the control group. In addition, the Feeling of trying and new direction (p < 0.001) was higher after the intervention. The paired t-test results showed that in the support group, the feelings of helplessness and failure (p < 0.001), feelings of older and idleness (p = 0.004), and feelings of confusion and conflict (p < 0.001) significantly decreased after the intervention compared to before it, while the feelings of trying and new direction (p = 0.004) significantly increased. Therefore, the results showed that after the intervention, there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups in all components of the retirement syndrome. CONCLUSION The results of this study show that participation of retired older adults in support groups can significantly improve all components of retirement syndrome, leading to an improvement in their quality of life and satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakineh Qorbani
- Department of Community Health and Geriatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Amrollah Majdabadi
- Department of Community Health and Geriatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Nikpeyma
- Department of Community Health and Geriatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shima Haghani
- Biostatistics Nursing Care Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Keyvanloo Shahrestanaki
- Department of Community Health and Geriatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sarieh Poortaghi
- Department of Community Health and Geriatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Wang J. The longitudinal relationship between leisure activities and depressive symptoms among older Chinese adults: an autoregressive cross-lagged analysis approach. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:763. [PMID: 38475770 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18293-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Existing studies have shown a correlation between leisure activities and depressive symptoms in older adults, but the direction of the longitudinal relationship is inconsistent. This study used an autoregressive cross-lagged model to examine the longitudinal relationship between leisure activity participation and geriatric depression. METHODS A total of 7,138 participants aged 60 years or older from the 2nd to the 4th wave of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were analysed. RESULTS First, present depressive symptoms were significantly associated with future depressive symptoms (β2013-2015 = .893, p < .001; β2015-2018 = .946, p < .001), and the same rule applied to leisure activities (β2013-2015 = .402, p < .001; β2015-2018 = .404, p < .001). Second, current depressive symptoms negatively predicted future leisure activities (β2013-2015 = -.071, p < .001; β2015-2018 = -.085, p < .001), but the inverse relationship was not statistically significant (β2013-2015 = -.003, p > .05; β2015-2018 = -.003, p > .05). CONCLUSION These findings underscore the importance of interventions targeting depressive symptoms to potentially enhance engagement in leisure activities among older adults. The results contribute to the understanding of the complex dynamics between mental health and lifestyle choices in older populations, highlighting the potential of proactive mental health interventions to improve overall well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Wang
- Department of Sociology, College of Political Science and Law, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China.
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Zhou K, Zhu X, Yang L, Gao Z, Wei X, Kuang J, Xu M. Latent class analysis of symptoms of depression and anxiety among older women. J Women Aging 2024; 36:93-106. [PMID: 37556738 DOI: 10.1080/08952841.2023.2243799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This cross-sectional study aims to consider the potential classification of depression and anxiety symptoms among older women, and identify the influencing factors of this classification. METHODS This study examines Chinese women aged 65 years and older. Latent class analysis was used to explore the mental health subgroups of older women, and multivariate logistic regression was employed to examine the influencing factors based on the health ecological model among these subgroups. RESULTS The results helped classify this population under three subgroups: the coexistence of depression and anxiety group, dominated depression group, and the low symptoms group. Moreover, class differences in terms of age, residence, education, income, assessment of current life and health status, sleep duration, and health behaviors, such as alcohol use and exercise were noted. CONCLUSIONS These findings explain the heterogeneity among older women, and help illuminate their unique aspects of mental health. Accordingly, they are significant for scholars and policymakers to understand depression and anxiety among older women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Zhou
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xuemei Zhu
- Department of Nursing, The Second Affiliated hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Li Yang
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zihan Gao
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiao Wei
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jinke Kuang
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Mengfan Xu
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
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Zheng C, Zhang H. Latent profile analysis of depression among empty nesters in China. J Affect Disord 2024; 347:541-548. [PMID: 38092280 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study aimed to explore the depression profile of empty nesters and to identify heterogeneous subgroups in the elderly population. It explored the influencing factors of depression in elderly people with different depression profiles, with a view to provide a reference basis for improving the depression situation of empty-nesting elderly people. METHODS This study used the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Lifespan Survey (CLHLS) survey data, with empty nesters over 60 as the research subjects. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to fit potential classes of depression in empty nesters; chi-square tests, Kruskal-Wallis, and multinomial logistic regression were used to explore the factors influencing different depression profiles in older adults. RESULTS A total of 4481 subjects were included in this study and were classified as low-level (11.6 %), moderate-level (51.6 %), and high-level (36.8 %). Compared to the low-level, the influencing factors for the high-level were IADL, anxiety, self-rated health, exercise, and education; and the influencing factors for the medium level group were anxiety, self-rated health, drink, and education. Factors influencing high-level relative to the mid-level group were IADL, anxiety, residence, self-rated health, exercise, and limited in activities. LIMITATIONS The CESD-10, as a screening tool, could not completely determine the presence of depression in high levels of empty nesters. CONCLUSIONS Psychological problems arising from depression among empty nesters seriously affected their overall health, and targeted intervention strategies should be developed for different categories of older adults to improve depression and enhance health-related quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zheng
- School of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, No.40, Section 3, Songpo Road, Linghe District, Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Huijun Zhang
- School of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, No.40, Section 3, Songpo Road, Linghe District, Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province, PR China.
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Jun H, Mattke S, Chen A, Aguila E. The Value of Medicare Coverage on Depressive Symptoms Among Older Immigrants. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2024; 64:gnad070. [PMID: 37330627 PMCID: PMC10825837 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnad070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The immigrant population, the primary driver of U.S. population growth, is aging and many immigrants remain uninsured. Lack of health insurance limits access to care, aggravating the already high level of depression for older immigrants. However, there is scarce evidence on how health insurance, particularly Medicare, affects their mental health. Using the Health and Retirement Study, this study examines the effect of Medicare coverage on depressive symptoms of older immigrants in the United States. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Exploiting the fact that many immigrants are not covered by Medicare after passing age 65, we use a difference-in-difference model with propensity score weighting to compare differences in depressive symptoms pre- and post-age-65. We further stratify the sample by socioeconomic status and by race/ethnicity. RESULTS Medicare coverage was significantly associated with a reduction in the probability of reporting depressive symptoms for immigrants with low socioeconomic status, especially for those below median wealth levels. The beneficial effect of Medicare coverage was also statistically significant for non-White immigrants-Black, Hispanic, and Asian/Pacific Islander-even when holding socioeconomic status constant. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS Our findings imply that immigration policies that expand health care protection to older immigrants can lead to further health benefits and reduce existing disparities for the aging population. Policy reforms such as providing limited Medicare access to immigrants who paid sufficient taxes but are still awaiting permanent residency status could increase coverage for the uninsured and improve participation of immigrants in the payroll system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hankyung Jun
- Sol Price School of Public Policy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Soeren Mattke
- Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Alice Chen
- Sol Price School of Public Policy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Emma Aguila
- Sol Price School of Public Policy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Xie X, Huang C, Sitar S, Qiao X. Community engagement and loneliness in older adults in China: mediation effects of social support in the wake of COVID-19. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1199577. [PMID: 38106887 PMCID: PMC10722421 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1199577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Loneliness is a key indicator of well-being in older adults. Drawing from the ecological model of aging, the active aging perspective, and the convoy model of social relations, this study investigates the extent community engagement influences loneliness and whether the relationship is mediated by social support during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Data was collected from 1,067 retired older adults in a cross-sectional design in Chengdu, China in 2022. Structural equation modeling was conducted to examine the direct and indirect effects of community engagement on loneliness through the hypothesized mediator of social support. Results The results show community engagement was positively associated with social support (β = 0.26, p < 0.001) and social support was negatively related to loneliness (β = -0.41, p < 0.001). Social support fully mediated the relationship between community engagement and loneliness. Additionally, community engagement had an indirect effect on loneliness via social support (β = -0.11, p < 0.001). Discussion The findings from the moderation analysis suggests community engagement and social support are likely to have large effects on loneliness for older adults over the age of 70 and who have low educational attainment. The findings suggest community engagement could be an important factor for improving social support and reducing loneliness amongst retired, older adults in China, especially in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic where millions of individuals were isolated for extended periods of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Xie
- Research Institute of Social Development, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chienchung Huang
- School of Social Work, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Sophie Sitar
- School of Social Work, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Xingyong Qiao
- Research Institute of Social Development, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Wu J, Qiu L, Xiong W, Shen Y, Li J, Wu J, Zhou Q. COVID-19 anxiety and related factors amid adjusted epidemic prevention policies: a cross-sectional study on patients with late-life depression in China. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e072725. [PMID: 38000824 PMCID: PMC10680000 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-072725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the prevalence and associated factors of COVID-19 anxiety in patients with late-life depression (LLD) during the adjustment of epidemic prevention policies in China. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING The data analysed in this study were collected from seven regions in China between November 2022 and January 2023. PARTICIPANTS A total of 1205 patients with LLD (aged 60-78 years) participated in the survey. They completed a social demographic assessment and the Chinese version of the five-point Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS). PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was the anxiety level of the participants. Patients were categorised into two groups based on their anxiety levels, one with anxiety and one without, according to CAS scores. RESULTS The prevalence of COVID-19 anxiety in depressed older adults was 47.3%. Regression analysis revealed that the average COVID-19 anxiety score was significantly higher among females (AOR: 2.177, 95% CI 1.201 to 3.947), widowed individuals (AOR: 3.015, 95% CI 1.379 to 6.591), patients residing at a distance from healthcare facilities (AOR: 3.765, 95% CI 1.906 to 7.438), and those who frequently experienced worry (AOR: 1.984, 95% CI 1.111 to 3.543). Conversely, the anxiety score was significantly lower among divorced individuals (AOR: 0.491, 95% CI 0.245 to 0.988), those aged 70 years and above (AOR: 0.117, 95% CI 0.064 to 0.213), patients without difficulty obtaining medication (AOR: 0.027, 95% CI 0.007 to 0.097), those living with family members (AOR: 0.080, 95% CI 0.022 to 0.282) or in nursing homes compared with those living alone (AOR: 0.019, 95% CI 0.004 to 0.087). CONCLUSION Women with LLD who are widowed, live far from healthcare facilities, and are prone to excessive worry are more likely to experience anxiety. It is advisable to implement appropriate preventive measures and provide psychosocial support programmes for this vulnerable group during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhong Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Mental Health Center of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Linghe Qiu
- Department of General Psychiatry, The Affiliated Mental Health Center of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wendian Xiong
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuan Shen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Mental Health Center of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nangjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ju Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Provincial Rongjun Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Mental Health Center of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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Zadworna M. Effects of Wisdom on Mental Health in Old Age: Exploring the Pathways Through Developmental Tasks Attainment and Self-Rated Health. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:4541-4554. [PMID: 37942442 PMCID: PMC10629457 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s429918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose A number of studies indicate a relationship between wisdom and mental health in older adults, which can be explained by different pathways. However, the role of developmental task accomplishment, and of self-rated health in the relationships between wisdom and mental health in later life remain unclear. The aim of the current study is to explore the structure of the relationships between wisdom, developmental task attainment, self-rated health, and positive and negative mental health outcomes (viz. wellbeing and depressive symptoms) in older adults. Methods The study included 381 Polish older adults aged 60-86 (M= 67.33; SD = 5.08). The respondents completed the Personal Wellbeing Index, Geriatric Depression Scale, Three-Dimensional Wisdom Scale, Developmental Tasks Attainment Questionnaire for Seniors, self-rated health scale and sociodemographic survey. Results Three-dimensional wisdom, developmental task attainment and self-rated health scores were positive predictors of personal wellbeing and negative predictors of depressive symptoms in older adults. Structural equation modelling revealed that developmental tasks attainment and self-rated health partially mediated the relations between wisdom and mental health in older adults. Conclusion It can be assumed that wise older adults implement developmental tasks more efficiently and assess their subjective health more favorably, which may strengthen their personal wellbeing and prevent depression. The findings suggest that wisdom plays an important role in healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Zadworna
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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Julião PL, Fernandes ÓB, Alves JP, Amuthavalli Thiyagarajan J, Mikton C, Diaz T, Pais S. A systematic review of reviews on the psychometric properties of measures of older persons' ability to build and maintain social relationships. Age Ageing 2023; 52:iv133-iv137. [PMID: 37902525 PMCID: PMC10615056 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afad106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Within the scope of the World Health Organisation's (WHO) world report on ageing and health and how healthy ageing was conceptualised, the WHO has been working with academia towards producing reviews of the psychometric properties of instruments that measure different domains of functional ability. This study aimed to conduct a review of reviews to examine existing and validated instruments measuring the ability of older persons to build and maintain social relationships and to evaluate the psychometric properties of these instruments. METHODS We searched for studies published in the English, Spanish and Portuguese languages. No restrictions were placed on the year of publication. The following databases were searched: PubMed, Embase, Psyinfo and Cumulated Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature. Titles and abstracts were screened and selected articles were screened and reviewed independently by two reviewers. RESULTS A total of 3,879 records were retrieved, of which 39 records were retrieved for full-text analysis. None of the reviews met the inclusion criteria, thus resulting in an empty review. CONCLUSIONS Considering the current definition of older persons' functional ability to build and maintain social relationships, this review did not identify instruments that can measure both constructs simultaneously. We suggest the development of an instrument that simultaneously assesses the ability of older persons to build and maintain relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Lobo Julião
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Universidade de Évora, Évora, Portugal
| | - Óscar Brito Fernandes
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Public and Occupational Health, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Public Health research institute, Quality of Care, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Janice P Alves
- Neurology Department, Setúbal Hospital Center, Setúbal, Portugal
- School of Health, Polytechnic Institute of Setúbal, Setúbal, Portugal
| | | | - Christopher Mikton
- Demographic Change and Healthy Ageing Unit, Department of Social Determinants of Health, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Theresa Diaz
- Epidemiology, Monitoring and Evaluation Unit, Department of Maternal, Newborn, Child, Adolescent Health and Ageing, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Pais
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Universidade de Évora, Évora, Portugal
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Fujiwara A, Fukunaga A, Murakami K, Inoue Y, Nakagawa T, Yamamoto S, Konishi M, Mizoue T. Cross-Sectional Association between Estimated Hardness of the Habitual Diet and Depressive Symptoms in Older Japanese Men. Nutrients 2023; 15:3034. [PMID: 37447360 DOI: 10.3390/nu15133034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between dietary hardness and depressive symptoms in older Japanese men. Participants were 1487 men aged 60-69 years enrolled in the baseline survey of the Hitachi Health Study II (2017-2020). Habitual dietary intake was estimated by a brief-type, self-administered diet history questionnaire. Dietary hardness was defined as the magnitude of masticatory muscle activity necessary to consume solid foods. The participants who scored ≥ 9 points on a short version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale were considered to have depressive symptoms. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 12.7%. The ORs (95% CIs) for depressive symptoms in the third tertile of dietary hardness were significantly lower after adjustment for sociodemographic and lifestyle-related variables and mood-modulating nutrients (ORs [95% CIs]: 0.93 [0.63, 1.36] and 0.58 [0.35, 0.97] for the second and third tertile, respectively [p-value for trend = 0.04]). Dietary hardness was inversely associated with the prevalence of depressive symptoms in older Japanese men. Future studies should confirm these findings and clarify the role of consuming a hard diet in preventing depressive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Fujiwara
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
- Department of Nutritional Epidemiology and Shokuiku, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 3-17 Senriokashinmachi, Settsu-shi 566-0002, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ami Fukunaga
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
- Department of Public Health and Health Policy, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Kentaro Murakami
- Department of Nutritional Epidemiology and Behavioural Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yosuke Inoue
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Tohru Nakagawa
- Hitachi Health Care Center, Hitachi, Ltd., 4-3-16 Osecho, Hitachi-shi 317-0076, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Shuichiro Yamamoto
- Department of Nutritional Epidemiology and Behavioural Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Maki Konishi
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Mizoue
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
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Prell T, Stegmann S, Schönenberg A. Social exclusion in people with diabetes: cross-sectional and longitudinal results from the German Ageing Survey (DEAS). Sci Rep 2023; 13:7113. [PMID: 37130924 PMCID: PMC10152415 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33884-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
As social exclusion can be linked to worse health and overall reduced quality of life, we describe social exclusion in people with diabetes and assess whether diabetes can be considered as a risk factor for social exclusion. We analyzed two waves (2014, 2017, N = 6604) from a survey of community-dwelling people aged > 40 using linear regression, group comparison and generalized estimating equations to explore the association between diabetes, social exclusion, socioeconomic, physical and psychosocial variables. In the entire cohort, diabetes was cross-sectionally associated with social exclusion after adjusting for covariates (p = 0.001). In people with diabetes, social exclusion was further associated with self-esteem (p < 0.001), loneliness (p = < 0.001), income (p = 0.017), depression (p = 0.001), physical diseases (p = 0.04), and network size (p = 0.043). Longitudinal data revealed that higher levels of social exclusion were already present before the diagnosis of diabetes, and future social exclusion was predicted by self-esteem, loneliness, depression, and income, but not by diabetes (p = .221). We conclude that diabetes is not a driver of social exclusion. Instead, both seem to co-occur as a consequence of health-related and psychosocial variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tino Prell
- Department of Geriatrics, Halle University Hospital, Halle, Germany
| | | | - Aline Schönenberg
- Department of Geriatrics, Halle University Hospital, Halle, Germany.
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Min SH, Topaz M, Lee C, Schnall R. Understanding changes in mental health symptoms from young-old to old-old adults by sex using multiple-group latent transition analysis. GeroScience 2023:10.1007/s11357-023-00729-1. [PMID: 36626018 PMCID: PMC10400747 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00729-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Older adults are classified into three homogeneous groups: young-old (age 65-74), old-old (age 75-84), and oldest-old (age 85 and over). Mental health symptoms are likely to change over time, especially when older adults transition from one age group to another. Yet, little is known on changes in mental health symptoms as they transition to another age group, and if these changes differ by sex. This is a secondary data analysis using the longitudinal data from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project. A total of 1183 young-old adults at wave 1 was included. Mental health symptoms were depression, anxiety, loneliness, perceived stress, and happiness. Multiple-group latent transition analysis was conducted to model the transition probabilities of latent classes and to compare these differences between sex. Descriptive and inferential statistics were conducted to obtain demographic characteristics and to test for differences. Three latent classes were identified based on severity: class 1-mild, class 2-moderate, and class 3-severe. Regardless of sex, young-old adults remained in the same class from waves 1 to 2. However, they moved to a less severe group when transitioning into the old-old from waves 2 to 3. Statistically significant differences were found in their demographic characteristics among the latent classes. Older adults, when transitioning from young-old to old-old, are likely to transition to latent classes with less severe mental health symptoms in both sex. Clinicians need to provide a comprehensive assessment to all older adults, regardless of the severity of their mental health symptoms, to promote well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Hee Min
- Columbia University School of Nursing, 560 W 168th St, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - Maxim Topaz
- Columbia University School of Nursing, 560 W 168th St, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Chiyoung Lee
- University of Washington Bothell School of Nursing & Health Studies, 18115 Campus Way NE, Bothell, WA, 98011, USA
| | - Rebecca Schnall
- Columbia University School of Nursing, 560 W 168th St, New York, NY, 10032, USA
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