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Eng SE, Basasie B, Lam A, John Semmes O, Troyer DA, Clarke GD, Sunnapwar AG, Leach RJ, Johnson-Pais TL, Sokoll LJ, Chan DW, Tosoian JJ, Siddiqui J, Chinnaiyan AM, Thompson IM, Boutros PC, Liss MA. Prospective comparison of restriction spectrum imaging and non-invasive biomarkers to predict upgrading on active surveillance prostate biopsy. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2024; 27:65-72. [PMID: 36097168 DOI: 10.1038/s41391-022-00591-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protocol-based active surveillance (AS) biopsies have led to poor compliance. To move to risk-based protocols, more accurate imaging biomarkers are needed to predict upgrading on AS prostate biopsy. We compared restriction spectrum imaging (RSI-MRI) generated signal maps as a biomarker to other available non-invasive biomarkers to predict upgrading or reclassification on an AS biopsy. METHODS We prospectively enrolled men on prostate cancer AS undergoing repeat biopsy from January 2016 to June 2019 to obtain an MRI and biomarkers to predict upgrading. Subjects underwent a prostate multiparametric MRI and a short duration, diffusion-weighted enhanced MRI called RSI to generate a restricted signal map along with evaluation of 30 biomarkers (14 clinico-epidemiologic features, 9 molecular biomarkers, and 7 radiologic-associated features). Our primary outcome was upgrading or reclassification on subsequent AS prostate biopsy. Statistical analysis included operating characteristic improvement using AUROC and AUPRC. RESULTS The individual biomarker with the highest area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC) was RSI-MRI (AUC = 0.84; 95% CI: 0.71-0.96). The best non-imaging biomarker was prostate volume-corrected Prostate Health Index density (PHI, AUC = 0.68; 95% CI: 0.53-0.82). Non-imaging biomarkers had a negligible effect on predicting upgrading at the next biopsy but did improve predictions of overall time to progression in AS. CONCLUSIONS RSI-MRI, PIRADS, and PHI could improve the predictive ability to detect upgrading in AS. The strongest predictor of clinically significant prostate cancer on AS biopsy was RSI-MRI signal output.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan E Eng
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Institute for Precision Health, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Urology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin Basasie
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Alfonso Lam
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Institute for Precision Health, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Urology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - O John Semmes
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Dean A Troyer
- Department of Pathology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Geoffrey D Clarke
- Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Abhijit G Sunnapwar
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Robin J Leach
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - Lori J Sokoll
- Department of Pathology, Division of Clinical Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Daniel W Chan
- Department of Pathology, Division of Clinical Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Javed Siddiqui
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | | | - Paul C Boutros
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Institute for Precision Health, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Urology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Human Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Broad Stem Cell Research Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Michael A Liss
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
- Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
- College of Pharmacy, University of Texas Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
- Department of Urology, South Texas Veterans Healthcare System, San Antonio, TX, USA.
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2
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Oregel-Cortez MI, Frayde-Gómez H, Quintana-González G, García-González V, Vazquez-Jimenez JG, Galindo-Hernández O. Resistin Induces Migration and Invasion in PC3 Prostate Cancer Cells: Role of Extracellular Vesicles. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:2321. [PMID: 38137922 PMCID: PMC10744490 DOI: 10.3390/life13122321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistin is an adipokine with metabolic and inflammatory functions. Epidemiological and translational studies report that an increase in plasma levels and tissue expression of resistin increases the aggressiveness of prostate tumor cells. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted constitutively and induced by cytokines, growth factors, and calcium and are found in multiple biological fluids such as saliva, serum, semen, and urine. In particular, EVs have been shown to promote tumor progression through the induction of proliferation, growth, angiogenesis, resistance to chemotherapy, and metastasis. However, the role of resistin in the migration, invasion, and secretion of EVs in invasive prostate tumor cells remains to be studied. In the present study, we demonstrate that resistin induces increased migration and invasion in PC3 cells. In addition, these phenomena are accompanied by increased p-FAK levels and increased secretion of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in resistin-treated PC3 cells. Interestingly, EVs isolated from supernatants of PC3 cells treated with resistin induce an increase in migration and invasion accompanied by high MMP-2 and MMP-9 secretion in an autocrine stimulation model. In summary, our data for the first time demonstrate that resistin induces migration and invasion, partly through the secretion of EVs with pro-invasive characteristics in PC3 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Israel Oregel-Cortez
- Departamento de Bioquimíca, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali 21100, Baja California, Mexico; (M.I.O.-C.); (H.F.-G.); (G.Q.-G.); (V.G.-G.)
- Laboratorio Multidisciplinario de Estudios Metabólicos y Cáncer, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali 21100, Baja California, Mexico
- Facultad de Deportes, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali 21289, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Héctor Frayde-Gómez
- Departamento de Bioquimíca, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali 21100, Baja California, Mexico; (M.I.O.-C.); (H.F.-G.); (G.Q.-G.); (V.G.-G.)
- Laboratorio Multidisciplinario de Estudios Metabólicos y Cáncer, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali 21100, Baja California, Mexico
- Hospital Regional de Especialidad No. 30, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexicali 21100, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Georgina Quintana-González
- Departamento de Bioquimíca, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali 21100, Baja California, Mexico; (M.I.O.-C.); (H.F.-G.); (G.Q.-G.); (V.G.-G.)
- Laboratorio Multidisciplinario de Estudios Metabólicos y Cáncer, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali 21100, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Victor García-González
- Departamento de Bioquimíca, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali 21100, Baja California, Mexico; (M.I.O.-C.); (H.F.-G.); (G.Q.-G.); (V.G.-G.)
- Laboratorio Multidisciplinario de Estudios Metabólicos y Cáncer, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali 21100, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Jose Gustavo Vazquez-Jimenez
- Laboratorio de Fisiología, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali 21100, Baja California, Mexico;
| | - Octavio Galindo-Hernández
- Departamento de Bioquimíca, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali 21100, Baja California, Mexico; (M.I.O.-C.); (H.F.-G.); (G.Q.-G.); (V.G.-G.)
- Laboratorio Multidisciplinario de Estudios Metabólicos y Cáncer, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali 21100, Baja California, Mexico
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Pascal LE, Frahm KA, Skalitzky KO, DeFranco DB, Rigatti LH, Lu R, Liu TT. Genetic alterations in CREBRF influence prostate cancer survival and impact prostate tissue homeostasis in mice. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL UROLOGY 2023; 11:27-39. [PMID: 36923723 PMCID: PMC10009309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Risk factors for prostate cancer include age, environment, race and ethnicity. Genetic variants in cyclic-adenosine-monophosphate-response-element-binding protein 3 regulatory factor (CREBRF) gene are frequently observed in Pacific Islanders, a population with elevated prostate cancer incidence. CREBRF has been shown to play a role in other cancers, however its function in prostate homeostasis and tumorigenesis has not been previously explored. We determined the incidence of CREBRF alterations in publicly available databases and examined the impact of CREBRF deletion on the murine prostate in order to determine whether CREBRF impacts prostate physiology or pathophysiology. METHODS Alterations in CREBRF were identified in prostate cancer patients via in silico analysis of several publicly available datasets through cBioPortal. Male Crebrf knockout and wild-type littermate mice were generated and examined for prostate defects at 4 months of age. Immunohistochemical staining of murine prostate sections was used to determine the impact of Crebrf knockout on proliferation, apoptosis, inflammation and blood vessel density in the prostate. Serum adipokine levels were measured using a Luminex Multiplex Assay. RESULTS CREBRF alterations were identified in up to 4.05% of prostate tumors and the mutations identified were categorized as likely damaging. Median survival of prostate cancer patients with genetic alterations in CREBRF was 41.23 months, compared to 131 months for patients without these changes. In the murine model, the prostates of Crebrf knockout mice had reduced epithelial proliferation and increased TUNEL+ apoptotic cells. Circulating adipokines PAI-1 and MCP-1 were also altered in Crebrf knockout mice compared to age-matched controls. CONCLUSIONS Prostate cancer patients with genetic alterations in CREBRF had a significantly decreased overall survival suggesting that wild type CREBRF may play a role in limiting prostate tumorigenesis and progression. The murine knockout model demonstrated that CREBRF could modulate proliferation and apoptosis and macrophage density in the prostate. Serum levels of adipokines PAI-1 and MCP-1 were also altered and may contribute to the phenotypic changes observed in the prostates of Crebrf knockout mice. Future studies focused on populations susceptible to CREBRF mutations and mechanistic studies will be required to fully elucidate the potential role of CREBRF in prostate tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Pascal
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Krystle A Frahm
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Donald B DeFranco
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lora H Rigatti
- Division of Laboratory Animal Resources, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ray Lu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Teresa T Liu
- Department of Urology, University of Wisconsin Madison, WI, USA
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Tewari R, Dalal D, Rawat S, Malik A, Ghalaut V, Bajpai A. The altered levels of adiponectin - leptin as predictive biomarkers to estimate the severity of prostate cancer. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2022. [DOI: 10.51248/.v42i5.1529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction and Aim: Prostate is one of the commonest sites of malignancy affecting elderly male population & is increasingly becoming a significant public health issue especially in countries having aging population. We hypothesized that altered levels of adiponectin-leptins may be an underlying connection between incidence of prostate cancer (PCa) and aged matched males.
Materials and Methods: This study was designed to comparatively corelate circulating serum levels of adiponectin & leptin in 160 elderly patients with PCa to their serum levels in 160 healthy controls. The age and body mass index in all groups were dissimilar in case and control. Based on the Gleason score of 7, =7 >7, patients were further subdivided into low, intermediate, high grades of PCa, respectively.
Results: No significant statistical variance was identified in terms of age, Body mass index (BMI), Radom blood glucose, HDL, LDL, triglycerides, total cholesterol, creatinine, and BUN levels within the compared groups. In PCa patients’ group, concentration levels of serum adiponectin were significantly lower, and levels of serum leptin was significantly greater compared to healthy controls (P<0.001). Statistical analysis revealed a significant positive inverse association between PSA and adiponectin levels (r=0.285, P<0.001) and significant association between serum levels of PSA and leptin (r=0.285, P<0.001). Significant statistical correlation was also evident between BMI, PSA, TG, and leptin were whole group. However, there was no significant association observed between adiponectin or leptin level and grade of the disease.
Conclusion: Evaluation of data in our study suggests that patients of PCa exhibit low concentration of serum adiponectin levels and high concentration of leptin levels. Further, this association was independent of histological grading of disease of disease/disease progression as well as other biochemical parameters.
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Lund M, Pedersen TB, Feddersen S, Østergaard LD, Poulsen CA, Enggaard C, Poulsen MHA, Lund L. Plasma Chemokine C-C Motif Ligand 2 as a Potential Biomarker for Prostate Cancer. Res Rep Urol 2022; 14:33-38. [PMID: 35178362 PMCID: PMC8846609 DOI: 10.2147/rru.s346978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Lund
- Department of Urology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Søren Feddersen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Louise D Østergaard
- Department of Urology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Christian Enggaard
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Mads H A Poulsen
- Department of Urology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Lars Lund
- Department of Urology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Correspondence: Lars Lund, Department of Urology, Odense University Hospital, Sdr. Boulevard 29, Odense, 5000, Denmark, Tel +45 5140 8982, Fax +45 6541 1726, Email
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Sun X, Ye D, Du L, Qian Y, Jiang X, Mao Y. Genetically predicted levels of circulating cytokines and prostate cancer risk: A Mendelian randomization study. Int J Cancer 2020; 147:2469-2478. [PMID: 33460126 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is considered to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of cancer, and observational studies have reported a relationship between circulating inflammation markers and the risk of prostate cancer. Using summary data of >140 000 individuals, two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were performed to evaluate whether circulating levels of 27 cytokines and growth factors have a causal effect on the risk of developing prostate cancer. Genetically predicted elevated levels of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) were associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer (odds ratio (OR) per 1 SD increase = 1.06, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.04-1.09) at Bonferroni-adjusted level of significance (P < 1.85 × 10-3). Results were stable across sensitivity analyses, and there was no evidence of directional pleiotropy. Under MR assumptions, our findings suggested a risk-increasing effect of circulating MCP-1 levels on prostate cancer. Whether targeting MCP-1 or its downstream effectors are useful in reducing prostate cancer incidence needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ding Ye
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingbin Du
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Cancer Prevention, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Cancer Prevention, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Qian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xia Jiang
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yingying Mao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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