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Trinchese G, Feola A, Cavaliere G, Cimmino F, Catapano A, Penna E, Scala G, Greco L, Bernardo L, Porcellini A, Crispino M, Pezone A, Mollica MP. Mitochondrial metabolism and neuroinflammation in the cerebral cortex and cortical synapses of rats: effect of milk intake through DNA methylation. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 128:109624. [PMID: 38518858 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Brain plasticity and cognitive functions are tightly influenced by foods or nutrients, which determine a metabolic modulation having a long-term effect on health, involving also epigenetic mechanisms. Breast milk or formula based on cow milk is the first food for human beings, who, throughout their lives, are then exposed to different types of milk. We previously demonstrated that rats fed with milk derived from distinct species, with different compositions and nutritional properties, display selective modulation of systemic metabolic and inflammatory profiles through changes of mitochondrial functions and redox state in liver, skeletal and cardiac muscle. Here, in a rat model, we demonstrated that isoenergetic supplementation of milk from cow (CM), donkey (DM) or human (HM) impacts mitochondrial functions and redox state in the brain cortex and cortical synapses, affecting neuroinflammation and synaptic plasticity. Interestingly, we found that the administration of different milk modulates DNA methylation in rat brain cortex and consequently affects gene expression. Our results emphasize the importance of nutrition in brain and synapse physiology, and highlight the key role played in this context by mitochondria, nutrient-sensitive organelles able to orchestrate metabolic and inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonia Feola
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Gina Cavaliere
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Fabiano Cimmino
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Catapano
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Eduardo Penna
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scala
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Greco
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Bernardo
- Department of Childhood and Developmental Medicine, Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Marianna Crispino
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
| | - Antonio Pezone
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
| | - Maria Pina Mollica
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Saavedra LPJ, Piovan S, Moreira VM, Gonçalves GD, Ferreira ARO, Ribeiro MVG, Peres MNC, Almeida DL, Raposo SR, da Silva MC, Barbosa LF, de Freitas Mathias PC. Epigenetic programming for obesity and noncommunicable disease: From womb to tomb. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2024; 25:309-324. [PMID: 38040983 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-023-09854-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Several epidemiological, clinical and experimental studies in recent decades have shown the relationship between exposure to stressors during development and health outcomes later in life. The characterization of these susceptible phases, such as preconception, gestation, lactation and adolescence, and the understanding of factors that influence the risk of an adult individual for developing obesity, metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, is the focus of the DOHaD (Developmental Origins of Health and Disease) research line. In this sense, advancements in molecular biology techniques have contributed significantly to the understanding of the mechanisms underlying the observed phenotypes, their morphological and physiological alterations, having as a main driving factor the epigenetic modifications and their consequent modulation of gene expression. The present narrative review aimed to characterize the different susceptible phases of development and associated epigenetic modifications, and their implication in the development of non-communicable diseases. Additionally, we provide useful insights into interventions during development to counteract or prevent long-term programming for disease susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Paulo Jacinto Saavedra
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cellular Biology, State University of Maringá, 5790 Av Colombo, Sala 19, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Silvano Piovan
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cellular Biology, State University of Maringá, 5790 Av Colombo, Sala 19, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Veridiana Mota Moreira
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cellular Biology, State University of Maringá, 5790 Av Colombo, Sala 19, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Gessica Dutra Gonçalves
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cellular Biology, State University of Maringá, 5790 Av Colombo, Sala 19, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Anna Rebeka Oliveira Ferreira
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cellular Biology, State University of Maringá, 5790 Av Colombo, Sala 19, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Maiara Vanusa Guedes Ribeiro
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cellular Biology, State University of Maringá, 5790 Av Colombo, Sala 19, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Maria Natália Chimirri Peres
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cellular Biology, State University of Maringá, 5790 Av Colombo, Sala 19, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Douglas Lopes Almeida
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cellular Biology, State University of Maringá, 5790 Av Colombo, Sala 19, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Scarlett Rodrigues Raposo
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cellular Biology, State University of Maringá, 5790 Av Colombo, Sala 19, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Mariane Carneiro da Silva
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cellular Biology, State University of Maringá, 5790 Av Colombo, Sala 19, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Letícia Ferreira Barbosa
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cellular Biology, State University of Maringá, 5790 Av Colombo, Sala 19, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Paulo Cezar de Freitas Mathias
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cellular Biology, State University of Maringá, 5790 Av Colombo, Sala 19, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil.
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Słyk-Gulewska P, Kondracka A, Kwaśniewska A. MicroRNA as a new bioactive component in breast milk. Noncoding RNA Res 2023; 8:520-526. [PMID: 37520770 PMCID: PMC10371784 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2023.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast milk is a complex and multifaceted fluid that plays a critical role in the development of infants. It is composed of water, carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, and minerals, as well as numerous bioactive compounds such as hormones, oligosaccharides, and immune proteins. Additionally, breast milk contains microRNAs, which have been found to regulate gene expression and impact various aspects of infant development. This text provides an overview of the components of human breast milk and their importance in infant development, with a focus on microRNAs. MicroRNAs are short RNA sequences that regulate gene expression posttranscriptionally, and they play an important role in shaping the mechanisms of immunity, protecting against oxidative stress, and promoting thermogenesis. The composition of breast milk can vary in the same mother between different feedings, as it changes in response to various factors such as the infant's age, feeding frequency and duration, time of day, and maternal health status. Despite the variations in breast milk composition, it still provides complete nutrition for the infant. The unique microRNA profiles in breast milk and how they are affected by various factors can have significant implications for disease prevention and treatment. Further research is needed to better understand the functions of individual microRNA molecules and their potential therapeutic applications.
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Weinstein SR, Erickson EN, Molina R, Bell AF. Maternal outcomes related to Genetic and epigenetic Variation in the oxytocin system: A scoping review. COMPREHENSIVE PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY 2023; 16:100209. [PMID: 38108031 PMCID: PMC10724832 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpnec.2023.100209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose In this scoping review, we synthesize the literature on oxytocin and oxytocin receptor genetic and epigenetic variation in relationship to breastfeeding, maternal caregiving behavior, and maternal mental health. Methods A literature search was conducted in early 2022, and updated in 2023, utilizing the PRISMA scoping review reporting method, using the following MeSH headings and key terms: oxytocin, oxytocin receptor, genetics, epigenetics, methylation, pregnancy, postnatal, breastfeeding, lactation, mother-infant relations and perinatal outcomes. The search was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Google Scholar, SCOPUS, and the Cochrane Library. Inclusion criteria included: human literature which was peer reviewed and found in primary sources, printed in the English language. In addition, the study must have reported genetic/epigenetic data in either the oxytocin or oxytocin receptor gene (maternal or infant up to 12 months after birth) in relation to a breastfeeding, maternal caregiving behavior or a maternal mental health outcome. There was no date limitation. Four authors reviewed studies for eligibility. Data was extracted using a structured data extraction form. Results A total of 23 studies met inclusion criteria for this review (breastfeeding n = 4, maternal caregiving behavior n = 7, and maternal mental health n = 16). Seventeen papers reported on oxytocin or oxytocin receptor genotype and nine reported epigenetic associations (namely DNA methylation). These totals are greater than 23, as studies reported on multiple outcomes. One paper assessed the interaction between genotype and methylation. While a number of genotype variations were reported, the single nucleotide polymorphism rs53576 on the oxytocin receptor gene was the most studied. Overall, variation in this polymorphism was related to postnatal depression symptoms. Among numerous epigenetic markers, site -934 was the most studied methylation site, and methylation status was associated with maternal depression and maternal caregiving behavior outcomes. Results suggest that early life experiences impact adult maternal caregiving behaviors and mental health outcomes, and vary based on genetic vulnerability. Breastfeeding outcomes were minimally studied. Conclusion This scoping review found that genetic and epigenetic variation at the oxytocin and oxytocin receptor genes were associated with maternal caregiving behavior and mental health, likely through complex gene and environment interactions. The findings suggest that maternal early life experiences and stress impact later caregiving behaviors and mental health in the postnatal period. The findings highlight potential pathways by which environment, experiences, and genes interact to impact maternal caregiving behavior and maternal mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rodin Molina
- Frontier Nursing University, Hyden, KY, USA
- BabyMoon Inn Birth Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Aleeca F. Bell
- University of Arizona College of Nursing, Tucson, AZ, USA
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Mills K, Sheets J, Teeple K, Mann A, Suarez-Trujillo A, Stewart K, Ferreira C, Casey T. Low colostrum intake results in potential accumulation of peroxisome lipid substrates in vaginal tissue of 3-week-old gilts. Biol Open 2023; 12:bio060044. [PMID: 37566396 PMCID: PMC10434361 DOI: 10.1242/bio.060044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Low colostrum intake relates to poorer health and infertility in swine. We previously connected vaginal lipid profiles at weaning to fertility of sows. We hypothesized vaginal lipidome varied with colostrum intake. Our objective was to determine whether indicators of colostrum intake, immunocrit (IM) and weight gain 24 h postnatal (PN), related to vaginal lipids at d21 PN. Gilts (n=60) were weighed and blood sampled to measure IM. On d21 PN vaginal swabs were taken and lipids measured using multiple reaction monitoring. Abundance of multiple lipids differed (P<0.05) between gilts categorized as high versus low IM and high versus low 24 h gain. The abundance of multiple lipids correlated with IM and 24 h gain. Phosphatidylcholine PC(36:3), PC(36:2), and arachidonic acid (C20:4) positively (P<0.05) correlated with IM. The ether lipid PCo(38:6) and multiple cholesteryl esters negatively (P<0.05) correlated with IM. ROC analysis indicated arachidonic acid and docosanoic acid (C22:0) may serve as excellent biomarkers that distinguish between high and low IM. Similar to gilts found to be infertile, lipid profiles of low colostrum intake animals had greater abundance of very long chain fatty acids, lipids with high levels of unsaturation, and cholesteryl esters, which are metabolized in peroxisomes indicating their potential dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla Mills
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center (BARC), Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Jocelyn Sheets
- Department of Animal Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Kelsey Teeple
- Department of Animal Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Adrianna Mann
- Department of Animal Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | | | - Kara Stewart
- Department of Animal Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Christina Ferreira
- Metabolite Profiling Facility, Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Theresa Casey
- Department of Animal Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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Elbeltagi R, Al-Beltagi M, Saeed NK, Bediwy AS. Cardiometabolic effects of breastfeeding on infants of diabetic mothers. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:617-631. [PMID: 37273257 PMCID: PMC10236993 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i5.617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast milk is the best and principal nutritional source for neonates and infants. It may protect infants against many metabolic diseases, predominantly obesity and type 2 diabetes. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic and microvascular disease that affects all the body systems and all ages from intrauterine life to late adulthood. Breastfeeding protects against infant mortality and diseases, such as necrotizing enterocolitis, diarrhoea, respiratory infections, viral and bacterial infection, eczema, allergic rhinitis, asthma, food allergies, malocclusion, dental caries, Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis. It also protects against obesity and insulin resistance and increases intelligence and mental development. Gestational diabetes has short and long-term impacts on infants of diabetic mothers (IDM). Breast milk composition changes in mothers with gestational diabetes.
AIM To investigate the beneficial or detrimental effects of breastfeeding on the cardiometabolic health of IDM and their mothers.
METHODS We performed a database search on different engines and a thorough literature review and included 121 research published in English between January 2000 and December 15, 2022, in this review.
RESULTS Most of the literature agreed on the beneficial effects of breast milk for both the mother and the infant in the short and long terms. Breastfeeding protects mothers with gestational diabetes against obesity and type 2 DM. Despite some evidence of the protective effects of breastfeeding on IDM in the short and long term, the evidence is not strong enough due to the presence of many confounding factors and a lack of sufficient studies.
CONCLUSION We need more comprehensive research to prove these effects. Despite many obstacles that may enface mothers with gestational diabetes to start and maintain breastfeeding, every effort should be made to encourage them to breastfeed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Elbeltagi
- Department of Medicine, Irish Royal College of Surgeon, Busaiteen 15503, Bahrain
| | - Mohammed Al-Beltagi
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31511, Egypt
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center, King Abdulla Medical City, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 26671, Bahrain
| | - Nermin Kamal Saeed
- Medical Microbiology Section, Department of Pathology, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Ministry of Health, Kingdom of Bahrain, Manama 12, Bahrain
- Department of Microbiology, Irish Royal College of Surgeon, Bahrain, Busaiteen 15503, Bahrain
| | - Adel Salah Bediwy
- Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
- Department of Pulmonology, University Medical Center, King Abdulla Medical City, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 26671, Bahrain
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Chen R, Yang H, Dai J, Zhang M, Lu G, Zhang M, Yu H, Zheng M, He Q. The biological functions of maternal-derived extracellular vesicles during pregnancy and lactation and its impact on offspring health. Clin Nutr 2023; 42:493-504. [PMID: 36857958 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
During pregnancy and lactation, mothers provide not only nutrients, but also many bioactive components for their offspring through placenta and breast milk, which are essential for offspring development. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanovesicles containing a variety of biologically active molecules and participate in the intercellular communication. In the past decade, an increasing number of studies have reported that maternal-derived EVs play a crucial role in offspring growth, development, and immune system establishment. Hereby, we summarized the characteristics of EVs; biological functions of maternal-derived EVs during pregnancy, including implantation, decidualization, placentation, embryo development and birth of offspring; biological function of breast milk-derived EVs (BMEs) on infant oral and intestinal diseases, immune system, neurodevelopment, and metabolism. In summary, emerging studies have revealed that maternal-derived EVs play a pivotal role in offspring health. As such, maternal-derived EVs may be used as promising biomarkers in offspring disease diagnosis and treatment. However, existing research on maternal-derived EVs and offspring health is largely limited to animal and cellular studies. Evidence from human studies is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chen
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Jie Dai
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Minzhe Zhang
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Gaolei Lu
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Minjie Zhang
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongjie Yu
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Miaobing Zheng
- School of Nutrition and Exercise, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Qiqiang He
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Wuhan University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China; Hubei Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology Key Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Melnik BC, John SM, Carrera-Bastos P, Cordain L, Leitzmann C, Weiskirchen R, Schmitz G. The Role of Cow's Milk Consumption in Breast Cancer Initiation and Progression. Curr Nutr Rep 2023; 12:122-140. [PMID: 36729355 PMCID: PMC9974716 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-023-00457-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review evaluates cow milk's impact on breast carcinogenesis by linking recent epidemiological evidence and new insights into the molecular signaling of milk and its constituents in breast cancer (BCa) pathogenesis. RECENT FINDINGS Recent prospective cohort studies support the association between cow's milk consumption and the risk of estrogen receptor-α-positive (ER+) BCa. Milk is a complex biological fluid that increases systemic insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), insulin and estrogen signaling, and interacting hormonal promoters of BCa. Further potential oncogenic components of commercial milk include exosomal microRNAs (miR-148a-3p, miR-21-5p), bovine meat and milk factors, aflatoxin M1, bisphenol A, pesticides, and micro- and nanoplastics. Individuals with BRCA1 loss-of-function mutations and FTO and IGF1 gain-of-function polymorphisms enhancing IGF-1/mTORC1 signaling may be at increased risk for milk-induced ER+ BCa. Recent prospective epidemiological and pathobiochemical studies identify commercial milk consumption as a critical risk factor of ER+ BCa. Large meta-analyses gathering individuals of different ethnic origins with milk derived from dairy cows of varying genetic backgrounds and diverse feeding procedures as well as missing data on thermal processing of milk (pasteurization versus ultra-heat treatment) make multi-national meta-analyses unsuitable for BCa risk estimations in susceptible populations. Future studies are required that consider all vulnerable periods of breast carcinogenesis to cow's milk exposure, beginning during the perinatal period and puberty, since these are the most critical periods of mammary gland morphogenesis. Notwithstanding the need for better studies including detailed information on milk processing and vulnerable periods of human breast carcinogenesis, the available evidence suggests that dietary guidelines on milk consumption may have to be reconsidered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bodo C Melnik
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, University of Osnabrück, D-49076, Osnabrück, Germany.
| | - Swen Malte John
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, University of Osnabrück, D-49076, Osnabrück, Germany
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Dermatological Prevention and Rehabilitation (iDerm) at the University of Osnabrück, Lower-Saxonian Institute of Occupational Dermatology (NIB), Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Pedro Carrera-Bastos
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Skåne University Hospital, 205 02, Malmö, Sweden
- Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Nutrición (CEAN), 11007, Cádiz, Spain
| | | | - Claus Leitzmann
- Institute of Nutrition, University of Giessen, 35390, Giessen, Germany
| | - Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), RWTH University Hospital Aachen, D-52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Gerd Schmitz
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Regensburg, University of Regensburg, D-93053, Regensburg, Germany
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Hoseini Tavassol Z, Mousavi SM, Molaei B, Bandarian F, Ejtahed HS, Khalagi K, Ghannadi S, Larijani B, Hasani-Ranjbar S. Association of fat mass and obesity-associated ( FTO) gene polymorphisms with non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in the Iranian population: A systematic review of observational studies. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2022; 21:1975-1989. [PMID: 36404828 PMCID: PMC9672241 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-022-01139-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Background Single nucleotide polymorphisms have been implicated in various diseases, most notably non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The aim of this study was to review available evidence regarding associations between FTO polymorphisms and NCDs in the Iranian population. Methods A comprehensive search was conducted through PubMed/Medline and Scopus databases up to December 2021, as well as reference lists of pertinent articles and key journals. All observational studies that examined the association between FTO gene polymorphisms and NCDs in the Iranian population were included. There was no limitation on the publication year. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to assess the study's quality. Results The initial search yielded 95 studies, of which 30 studies were included in the current systematic review. The underlying disorders were obesity, type 2 diabetes, breast and colorectal cancers, depression, and metabolic syndrome. These studies found an association between FTO gene polymorphisms and obesity in the Iranian population, but the relationship with other NCDs was debatable. Even though, other diseases such as diabetes and metabolic syndrome, which are closely related to obesity, may also be associated with FTO gene polymorphisms. Conclusion FTO gene polymorphism appears to play a role in the occurrence of NCDs. Some of the study results may be misleading due to ethnic differences and the effect of other genetic factors on disease onset, which needs to be investigated further. Finally, FTO gene polymorphisms can be studied as a preventive or therapeutic target. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-022-01139-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Hoseini Tavassol
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Mousavi
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahareh Molaei
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Bandarian
- Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institutes, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hanieh-Sadat Ejtahed
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kazem Khalagi
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Osteoporosis Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shima Ghannadi
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirin Hasani-Ranjbar
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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10
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Cheshmeh S, Nachvak SM, Hojati N, Elahi N, Heidarzadeh‐Esfahani N, Saber A. The effects of breastfeeding and formula feeding on the metabolic factors and the expression level of obesity and diabetes-predisposing genes in healthy infants. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15469. [PMID: 36200185 PMCID: PMC9535349 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) and obesity are common illnesses characterized by glucose metabolism issues and excessive weight gain. Breastfeeding is the best way to feed a newborn up to 6 months old and it has been shown to reduce the risk of diabetes and obesity later in life due to its nutritional properties. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of breastfeeding, formula feeding, and formula-plus breastfeeding (mix-feeding) on the anthropometric indices, metabolic variables, and the expression level of obesity and diabetes-predisposing genes of healthy infants. A total of 150 healthy infants were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. All infants (aged 24 months) were divided into three groups based on the type of feeding, breastfeeding, formula feeding, and mix-feeding. The anthropometric indices, glycemic indexes, lipid profile, and the expression levels of acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase beta (ACACB), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), liver X receptor α (LXR-α), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ), and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) genes were measured in all infants using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. The anthropometric indices including weight, height, head circumference, insulin, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were lower in the breastfeeding infants in comparison to other groups. As well, the expression level of the ACACB gene was significantly downregulated in breastfeeding infants, while the PPAR-γ gene was significantly upregulated, but the expression levels of LXR- α, PTEN and BDNF did not change significantly across groups. Breastfeeding compared to formula feeding had positive effects on anthropometric indices, metabolic variables, and diabetes-predisposing genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Cheshmeh
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food TechnologyKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
- Student Research Committee, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food TechnologyKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Seyed Mostafa Nachvak
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food TechnologyKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Niloofar Hojati
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food TechnologyKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
- Student Research Committee, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food TechnologyKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Negin Elahi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food TechnologyKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
- Student Research Committee, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food TechnologyKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Neda Heidarzadeh‐Esfahani
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food TechnologyKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
- Student Research Committee, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food TechnologyKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Amir Saber
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food TechnologyKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
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11
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Melnik BC, Schmitz G. Milk Exosomal microRNAs: Postnatal Promoters of β Cell Proliferation but Potential Inducers of β Cell De-Differentiation in Adult Life. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911503. [PMID: 36232796 PMCID: PMC9569743 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β cell expansion and functional maturation during the birth-to-weaning period is driven by epigenetic programs primarily triggered by growth factors, hormones, and nutrients provided by human milk. As shown recently, exosomes derived from various origins interact with β cells. This review elucidates the potential role of milk-derived exosomes (MEX) and their microRNAs (miRs) on pancreatic β cell programming during the postnatal period of lactation as well as during continuous cow milk exposure of adult humans to bovine MEX. Mechanistic evidence suggests that MEX miRs stimulate mTORC1/c-MYC-dependent postnatal β cell proliferation and glycolysis, but attenuate β cell differentiation, mitochondrial function, and insulin synthesis and secretion. MEX miR content is negatively affected by maternal obesity, gestational diabetes, psychological stress, caesarean delivery, and is completely absent in infant formula. Weaning-related disappearance of MEX miRs may be the critical event switching β cells from proliferation to TGF-β/AMPK-mediated cell differentiation, whereas continued exposure of adult humans to bovine MEX miRs via intake of pasteurized cow milk may reverse β cell differentiation, promoting β cell de-differentiation. Whereas MEX miR signaling supports postnatal β cell proliferation (diabetes prevention), persistent bovine MEX exposure after the lactation period may de-differentiate β cells back to the postnatal phenotype (diabetes induction).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bodo C. Melnik
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, University of Osnabrück, D-49076 Osnabrück, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-52-4198-8060
| | - Gerd Schmitz
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Regensburg, University of Regensburg, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
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12
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Félix-Soriano E, Stanford KI. Prolonged lactation benefits offspring metabolism. Nat Metab 2022; 4:798-799. [PMID: 35879460 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-022-00604-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Félix-Soriano
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kristin I Stanford
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA.
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13
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Pena-Leon V, Folgueira C, Barja-Fernández S, Pérez-Lois R, Da Silva Lima N, Martin M, Heras V, Martinez-Martinez S, Valero P, Iglesias C, Duquenne M, Al-Massadi O, Beiroa D, Souto Y, Fidalgo M, Sowmyalakshmi R, Guallar D, Cunarro J, Castelao C, Senra A, González-Saenz P, Vázquez-Cobela R, Leis R, Sabio G, Mueller-Fielitz H, Schwaninger M, López M, Tovar S, Casanueva FF, Valjent E, Diéguez C, Prevot V, Nogueiras R, Seoane LM. Prolonged breastfeeding protects from obesity by hypothalamic action of hepatic FGF21. Nat Metab 2022; 4:901-917. [PMID: 35879461 PMCID: PMC9314260 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-022-00602-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Early-life determinants are thought to be a major factor in the rapid increase of obesity. However, while maternal nutrition has been extensively studied, the effects of breastfeeding by the infant on the reprogramming of energy balance in childhood and throughout adulthood remain largely unknown. Here we show that delayed weaning in rat pups protects them against diet-induced obesity in adulthood, through enhanced brown adipose tissue thermogenesis and energy expenditure. In-depth metabolic phenotyping in this rat model as well as in transgenic mice reveals that the effects of prolonged suckling are mediated by increased hepatic fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) production and tanycyte-controlled access to the hypothalamus in adulthood. Specifically, FGF21 activates GABA-containing neurons expressing dopamine receptor 2 in the lateral hypothalamic area and zona incerta. Prolonged breastfeeding thus constitutes a protective mechanism against obesity by affecting long-lasting physiological changes in liver-to-hypothalamus communication and hypothalamic metabolic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Pena-Leon
- Endocrine Physiopathology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago/SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Cintia Folgueira
- Endocrine Physiopathology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago/SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBEROBN Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, ISCIII, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Silvia Barja-Fernández
- Endocrine Physiopathology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago/SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Raquel Pérez-Lois
- Endocrine Physiopathology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago/SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Natália Da Silva Lima
- CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Marion Martin
- Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Inserm, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Violeta Heras
- CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Sara Martinez-Martinez
- CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Paola Valero
- CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Cristina Iglesias
- CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Mannon Duquenne
- Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Inserm, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Omar Al-Massadi
- Endocrine Physiopathology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago/SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBEROBN Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, ISCIII, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Daniel Beiroa
- CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Yara Souto
- CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Miguel Fidalgo
- CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Rasika Sowmyalakshmi
- Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Inserm, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Diana Guallar
- CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Juan Cunarro
- CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Cecilia Castelao
- Endocrine Physiopathology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago/SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBEROBN Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, ISCIII, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ana Senra
- CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Patricia González-Saenz
- Endocrine Physiopathology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago/SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Rocío Vázquez-Cobela
- Pediatrics Department, GI Pediatric Nutrition, Galicia Research Unit for Development, Growth and Human Nutrition, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Rosaura Leis
- Pediatrics Department, GI Pediatric Nutrition, Galicia Research Unit for Development, Growth and Human Nutrition, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | - Helge Mueller-Fielitz
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Markus Schwaninger
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Miguel López
- CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBEROBN Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, ISCIII, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Sulay Tovar
- CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBEROBN Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, ISCIII, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Felipe F Casanueva
- CIBEROBN Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, ISCIII, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Emmanuel Valjent
- IGF, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Inserm, Montpellier, France
| | - Carlos Diéguez
- CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBEROBN Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, ISCIII, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Vincent Prevot
- Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Inserm, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Rubén Nogueiras
- CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- CIBEROBN Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, ISCIII, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- Galician Agency of Innovation (GAIN), Xunta de Galicia, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Luisa M Seoane
- Endocrine Physiopathology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago/SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- CIBEROBN Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, ISCIII, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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14
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Freitas RGBDON, Vasques ACJ, Fernandes GDR, Ribeiro FB, Solar I, Barbosa MG, Pititto BDA, Geloneze B, Ferreira SRG. Associations of Blautia Genus With Early-Life Events and Later Phenotype in the NutriHS. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:838750. [PMID: 35646726 PMCID: PMC9134825 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.838750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Early-life events are associated with the risk of obesity and comorbidities later in life. The gut microbiota—whose composition is influenced by genetics and environmental factors—could be involved. Since the microbiota affects metabolism and fat storage, early-life insults could contribute to the occurrence of obesity driven, in part, by microbiota composition. We examined associations of gut bacteria with early-life events, nutritional status, and body composition in the Nutritionist’s Health Study (NutriHS). Methods A cross-sectional study of 114 female participants examining early-life data, body composition, and biological samples was conducted. Fecal microbiota structure was determined targeting the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) and permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) were used to test the impact of variables on microbial diversity. Profiles were identified using the Jensen-Shannon divergence matrix and Calinski–Harabasz index. Differential abundance between the categories of exclusive breastfeeding duration and nutritional status was tested using DESeq2. Results In the sample [median age 28 years and body mass index (BMI) 24.5 kg/m2], 2 microbiota profiles driven by the Blautia or Prevotella genus were identified. An estimated 9.1% of the variation was explained by the profiles (p < 0.001), 2.1% by nutritional status (p = 0.004), and 1.8% by exclusive breastfeeding (p = 0.012). The proportion of participants with BMI <25 kg/m2 and who were breastfed for at least 6 months was higher in the Blautia profile (p < 0.05). Conclusion Findings in a Blautia-driven profile of healthy women reinforce that early-life events play a role in defining gut microbiota composition, confirming the importance of exclusive breastfeeding for infant gut colonization in establishing a protective profile against adiposity-related outcomes in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata G. Borges de Oliveira Nascimento Freitas
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratory of Investigation in Metabolism and Diabetes, Gastrocentro, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina J. Vasques
- Laboratory of Investigation in Metabolism and Diabetes, Gastrocentro, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Francieli B. Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Investigation in Metabolism and Diabetes, Gastrocentro, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Isabela Solar
- Laboratory of Investigation in Metabolism and Diabetes, Gastrocentro, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Marina G. Barbosa
- School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Bruno Geloneze
- Laboratory of Investigation in Metabolism and Diabetes, Gastrocentro, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Sandra Roberta G. Ferreira
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Sandra Roberta G. Ferreira,
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15
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Mi S, Shi Y, Dari G, Yu Y. Function of m6A and its regulation of domesticated animals' complex traits. J Anim Sci 2022; 100:6524534. [PMID: 35137116 PMCID: PMC8942107 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most functionally important epigenetic modification in RNA. The m6A modification widely exists in mRNA and noncoding RNA, influences the mRNA processing, and regulates the secondary structure and maturation of noncoding RNA. Studies showed the important regulatory roles of m6A modification in animal's complex traits, such as development, immunity, and reproduction-related traits. As an important intermediate stage from animal genome to phenotype, the function of m6A in the complex trait formation of domestic animals cannot be neglected. This review discusses recent research advances on m6A modification in well-studied organisms, such as human and model organisms, and introduces m6A detection technologies, small-molecule inhibitors of m6A-related enzymes, interaction between m6A and other biological progresses, and the regulation mechanisms of m6A in domesticated animals' complex traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Mi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and
Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and National Engineering
Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China
Agricultural University, Beijing 100193,
China
| | - Yuanjun Shi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and
Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and National Engineering
Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China
Agricultural University, Beijing 100193,
China
| | - Gerile Dari
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and
Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and National Engineering
Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China
Agricultural University, Beijing 100193,
China
| | - Ying Yu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and
Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and National Engineering
Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China
Agricultural University, Beijing 100193,
China,Corresponding author:
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16
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Epigenome-Wide Association Study of Infant Feeding and DNA Methylation in Infancy and Childhood in a Population at Increased Risk for Type 1 Diabetes. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13114057. [PMID: 34836312 PMCID: PMC8618577 DOI: 10.3390/nu13114057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We assessed associations between infant diet (e.g., breastfeeding and introduction to solid foods) and DNA methylation in infancy and childhood. We measured DNA methylation in peripheral blood collected in infancy (9–15 months of age) in 243 children; and in a subset of 50 children, we also measured methylation in childhood (6–9 years of age) to examine persistence, and at birth (in cord blood) to examine temporality. We performed multivariable linear regression of infant diet on the outcome of methylation using epigenome-wide and candidate site approaches. We identified six novel CpG sites associated with breastfeeding duration using an EWAS approach. One differentially methylated site presented directionally consistent associations with breastfeeding (cg00574958, CPT1A) in infancy and childhood but not at birth. Two differentially methylated sites in infancy (cg19693031, TXNIP; cg23307264, KHSRP) were associated with breastfeeding and were not present at birth; however, these associations did not persist into childhood. Associations between infant diet and methylation in infancy at three sites (cg22369607, AP001525.1; cg2409200, TBCD; cg27173510, PGBD5) were also present at birth, suggesting the influence of exposures other than infant diet. Infant diet exposures are associated with persistent methylation differences in CPT1A, which may be one mechanism behind infant diet’s long-term health effects.
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17
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Cozma-Petruţ A, Filip L, Banc R, Mîrza O, Gavrilaş L, Ciobârcă D, Badiu-Tişa I, Hegheş SC, Popa CO, Miere D. Breastfeeding Practices and Determinant Factors of Exclusive Breastfeeding among Mothers of Children Aged 0-23 Months in Northwestern Romania. Nutrients 2021; 13:3998. [PMID: 34836253 PMCID: PMC8623634 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In terms of breastfeeding (BF) practices in Romania, there is a lack of up-to-date data. The aim of the present study was to assess current BF practices, and to investigate the factors associated with exclusive BF (EBF) under 6 months of age in northwestern Romania. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data among 1399 mothers of children aged 0-23 months, recruited between March and June 2019, from the community. BF practices were evaluated based on the World Health Organization indicators for assessing infant and young child feeding practices, whereas determinants of EBF were explored using logistic regression models. Almost all mothers (95.7%) breastfed their child at least once. The EBF rate was 46.7%, the continued BF rate at one year of age was 54.2%, and the continued BF rate at 2 years of age was 30.3%. The place of delivery and parental leave duration were strong determinants of EBF. The improving rates observed in this study for all the BF practices assessed suggest the continuation of efforts to develop effective national policies and programs for promoting, protecting, and supporting BF in Romania. Particular emphasis should be given to the creation in maternity hospitals of an environment that is supportive towards breastfeeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamaria Cozma-Petruţ
- Department of Bromatology, Hygiene, Nutrition, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.C.-P.); (L.F.); (O.M.); (L.G.); (D.C.); (D.M.)
| | - Lorena Filip
- Department of Bromatology, Hygiene, Nutrition, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.C.-P.); (L.F.); (O.M.); (L.G.); (D.C.); (D.M.)
| | - Roxana Banc
- Department of Bromatology, Hygiene, Nutrition, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.C.-P.); (L.F.); (O.M.); (L.G.); (D.C.); (D.M.)
| | - Oana Mîrza
- Department of Bromatology, Hygiene, Nutrition, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.C.-P.); (L.F.); (O.M.); (L.G.); (D.C.); (D.M.)
| | - Laura Gavrilaş
- Department of Bromatology, Hygiene, Nutrition, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.C.-P.); (L.F.); (O.M.); (L.G.); (D.C.); (D.M.)
| | - Daniela Ciobârcă
- Department of Bromatology, Hygiene, Nutrition, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.C.-P.); (L.F.); (O.M.); (L.G.); (D.C.); (D.M.)
| | - Ioana Badiu-Tişa
- Department of Mother and Child Care, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2–4 Câmpeni Street, 400217 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Simona Codruţa Hegheş
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Cristian Olimpiu Popa
- Department of European Studies, Babeș-Bolyai University, 1 E. de Martonne Street, 400090 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Doina Miere
- Department of Bromatology, Hygiene, Nutrition, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.C.-P.); (L.F.); (O.M.); (L.G.); (D.C.); (D.M.)
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18
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Mourtzi N, Siahanidou T, Tsifintaris M, Karamichali E, Tasiopoulou A, Sertedaki A, Pesmatzoglou M, Kapetanaki A, Liosis G, Baltatzis G, Vlachakis D, Chrousos GP, Giannakakis A. lncRNA NORAD is consistently detected in breastmilk exosomes and its expression is downregulated in mothers of preterm infants. Int J Mol Med 2021; 48:216. [PMID: 34651660 PMCID: PMC8559700 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.5049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast milk is the ideal food for infants and undoubtedly has immediate and long-term benefits. Breast milk contains extracellular vesicles (EVs) i.e., exosomes secreted by maternal breast cells. Exosomes carry genetic material, such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which possibly participate in cell-to-cell communications, as they are known to regulate critical gene pathways. The aim of the present study was to screen human breastmilk exosomes for their lncRNA cargo and to examine exosomal lncRNA levels associated with milk obtained from mothers that gave birth at term or prematurely (<37 weeks of gestation). Samples were collected at 3 weeks postpartum from 20 healthy, breastfeeding mothers; 10 mothers had given birth at full-term and 10 mothers preterm. Exosomal RNA was extracted from all samples and the expression of 88 distinct lncRNAs was determined using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. A total of 13 lncRNAs were detected in ≥85% of the samples, while 31 were detected in ≥50% of the samples. Differential expression analysis of the lncRNAs between the two groups revealed ≥2-fold differences, with generally higher lncRNA concentrations found in the milk of the mothers that gave birth at term compared with those that gave birth preterm. Among these, the non-coding RNA activated at DNA damage (NORAD) was prominently detected in both groups, and its expression was significantly downregulated in the breast milk exosomes of mothers who delivered preterm. On the whole, the present study demonstrates that breast milk lncRNAs may be important factors of normal early human development. Collectively, the presence of lncRNAs in human breast milk may explain the consistent inability of researchers to fully 'humanize' animal milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niki Mourtzi
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Choremeio Research Center, First Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital 'Aghia Sophia', School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Tania Siahanidou
- First Department of Pediatrics, 'Aghia Sophia' Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Margaritis Tsifintaris
- Laboratory of Gene Expression, Molecular Diagnostics and Modern Therapeutics, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Eirini Karamichali
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 11521 Athens, Greece
| | - Androniki Tasiopoulou
- Laboratory of Gene Expression, Molecular Diagnostics and Modern Therapeutics, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Amalia Sertedaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Choremeio Research Center, First Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital 'Aghia Sophia', School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Margarita Pesmatzoglou
- First Department of Pediatrics, 'Aghia Sophia' Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | | | - George Liosis
- General and Maternity Hospital 'Helena Venizelou', 11521 Athens, Greece
| | - George Baltatzis
- First Department of Pathology, School of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Vlachakis
- Laboratory of Genetics, Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - George P Chrousos
- University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health and Precision Medicine, and UNESCO Chair on Adolescent Health Care, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Antonis Giannakakis
- Laboratory of Gene Expression, Molecular Diagnostics and Modern Therapeutics, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
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Alabduljabbar S, Zaidan SA, Lakshmanan AP, Terranegra A. Personalized Nutrition Approach in Pregnancy and Early Life to Tackle Childhood and Adult Non-Communicable Diseases. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11060467. [PMID: 34073649 PMCID: PMC8224671 DOI: 10.3390/life11060467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of childhood and adult non-communicable diseases (NCD) is associated with environmental factors, starting from intrauterine life. A new theory finds the roots of epigenetic programming in parental gametogenesis, continuing during embryo development, fetal life, and finally in post-natal life. Maternal health status and poor nutrition are widely recognized as implications in the onset of childhood and adult diseases. Early nutrition, particularly breastfeeding, also plays a primary role in affecting the health status of an individual later in life. A poor maternal diet during pregnancy and lack of breastfeeding can cause a nutrient deficiency that affects the gut microbiota, and acts as a cofactor for many pathways, impacting the epigenetic controls and transcription of genes involved in the metabolism, angiogenesis, and other pathways, leading to NCDs in adult life. Both maternal and fetal genetic backgrounds also affect nutrient adsorption and functioning at the cellular level. This review discusses the most recent evidence on maternal nutrition and breastfeeding in the development of NCD, the potentiality of the omics technologies in uncovering the molecular mechanisms underlying it, with the future prospective of applying a personalized nutrition approach to prevent and treat NCD from the beginning of fetal life.
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20
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Mallisetty Y, Mukherjee N, Jiang Y, Chen S, Ewart S, Arshad SH, Holloway JW, Zhang H, Karmaus W. Epigenome-Wide Association of Infant Feeding and Changes in DNA Methylation from Birth to 10 Years. Nutrients 2020; 13:E99. [PMID: 33396735 PMCID: PMC7824231 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic factors have been suggested as mediators of early-life nutrition to future health. Prior studies focused on breastfeeding effects on DNA methylation (DNAm), ignoring other feeding modes. In this analysis of the Isle of Wight birth cohort, feeding modes were categorized as exclusive breastfeeding (EBF), exclusive formula feeding (EFF), and mixed feeding based on whether the respective feeding mode lasted for at least 3 months. In addition, in the past, infant feeding modes were assessed using DNAm at one time point in childhood, not changes of DNAm. In this paper, methylation differences (delta DNAm) were calculated by subtracting residual methylation values at birth from age 10 years (adjusting for cell types and season of blood collection at both ages). These deltas were estimated for all methylation sites where cytosine was followed by guanine (cytosine guanine dinucleotide (CpG) sites). Then, we performed an epigenome-wide association study contrasting EBF, EFF, and mixed feeding with delta DNAm that represents changes in methylation from birth to 10 years. A total of 87 CpGs (EBF: 27 CpGs, EFF: 48 CpGs, mixed: 12 CpGs) were identified using separate linear regression models adjusting for confounders and multiple testing. The sum of all changes in methylation from birth to age 10 years was significantly lower in the EFF group. Correspondingly, the number of CpGs with a methylation decline was 4.7% higher reflecting 13,683 CpGs. Lower methylation related to exclusive formula feeding and its adverse potential for the child's development needs future research to reduce adverse health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamini Mallisetty
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Robison Hall, Memphis, TN 38152, USA; (Y.M.); (N.M.); (Y.J.); (H.Z.)
| | - Nandini Mukherjee
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Robison Hall, Memphis, TN 38152, USA; (Y.M.); (N.M.); (Y.J.); (H.Z.)
| | - Yu Jiang
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Robison Hall, Memphis, TN 38152, USA; (Y.M.); (N.M.); (Y.J.); (H.Z.)
| | - Su Chen
- Department of Mathematical Science, University of Memphis, Dunn Hall, Memphis, TN 38152, USA;
| | - Susan Ewart
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;
| | - S. Hasan Arshad
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; (S.H.A.); (J.W.H.)
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
- The David Hide Asthma and Allergy Research Centre, St Mary’s Hospital, Isle of Wight PO30 5TG, UK
| | - John W. Holloway
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; (S.H.A.); (J.W.H.)
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Robison Hall, Memphis, TN 38152, USA; (Y.M.); (N.M.); (Y.J.); (H.Z.)
| | - Wilfried Karmaus
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Robison Hall, Memphis, TN 38152, USA; (Y.M.); (N.M.); (Y.J.); (H.Z.)
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