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Ahmed MM. Dentists and dental hygienists' comprehension of HIV infection associated periodontal implications and management. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1370112. [PMID: 38638482 PMCID: PMC11024279 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1370112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background In an era wherein, persuasive evidence continues to witness the association between systemic and periodontal diseases, the absence of scientific data on dental professionals' comprehension concerning the HIV infection and periodontal link is lamentably backward. Thus, the key objective of this research is to ascertain the extent of comprehension possessed by dentists and dental hygienists concerning periodontal implications and their management in HIV patients. Methods It is a quantitative cross-sectional survey employing a descriptive approach focusing on a specific cohort of dental professionals. The study setting featured an online platform for the distribution of concealed, closed-ended, structured questionnaire. The data was gathered for four sections: six comprehension statements about periodontal manifestations in HIV patients; fifteen comprehension statements about HIV patients' periodontal management; eight familiarity statements about HIV management; and two educational statements about HIV. The comparisons of comprehension scores were drawn between variables such as specialties, age groups, and genders. Results The survey represented 468 dental professionals representing distinct dental specialties, with a mean age of 24.26 ± 7.53 years. The mean comprehension score for all groups of participants is 10.31 ± 9.34 (33.25%). The highest scores were recorded among those aged 31-40 (20.67 ± 8.31), followed by those aged 40+ (19.38 ± 9.39), 20-30 (9.53 ± 8.96), and under 20 (8.92 ± 8.57), at p < 0.001. The female participants (15.06 ± 12.2) exhibited substantially better scores in contrast to the male participants (8.74 ± 7.57). Periodontists (27.77 ± 3.08) comprehended most, then the oral medicine practitioners (25 ± 0). Dental hygiene students (5.52 ± 3.56) and hygienists (7.67 ± 9.72) comprehended the least. The scores for all four domains assessed were disappointingly low: knowledge about HIV-periodontal manifestations (2.81 ± 2.18), knowledge about management of periodontal diseases in HIV patients (3.73 ± 4.7), familiarity with periodontal care in HIV patients (2.87 ± 3.01), and education received about HIV and periodontal diseases (0.91 ± 0.66). Conclusion Dental professionals are notably incomprehensive, unfamiliar, and lacking in expertise in the realm of periodontal facets of HIV. The periodontists and oral medicine practitioners showed a substantial amount of comprehension, while the dental hygiene students and dental hygienists presented a conspicuously inadequate level of comprehension. The study outcome could potentially serve as an invaluable instrument for self-assessment by dental professionals and educators. HIV/AIDS ought not to persist as an unspoken taboo or disregarded subject within the dental field, particularly in periodontics, but rather should receive prominence in dental schools and professional development programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzammil Moin Ahmed
- Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia
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Lurita-Córdova P, Ladera-Castañeda M, Santander-Rengifo F, López-Gurreonero C, Cornejo-Pinto A, Cervantes-Ganoza L, Castro Pérez-Vargas A, Cayo-Rojas C. Sociodemographic factors associated with the level of knowledge about management of epileptic patients in Peruvian dental students: a cross-sectional study under a multivariable analysis. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:51. [PMID: 36717821 PMCID: PMC9885401 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02745-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease that could indirectly affect oral health, and it is necessary for dentists to be familiar with the specific needs of patients with epilepsy. Therefore, aim of the present study was to assess the factors associated with the level of knowledge about management of epileptic patients in Peruvian dental students. METHODS This analytical, observational, cross-sectional and prospective study assessed 312 dental students from a Peruvian university during February to April 2022. A validated questionnaire of 20 closed multiple-choice questions was used to measure the level of knowledge about dental management in epileptic patients. A logit model was used to assess the influence of variables: gender, age, year of study, marital status, place of origin and area of residence, with the level of knowledge in dental students considering a significance level of p < 0.05. RESULTS Of the total, 28.8%, 36.2% and 34.9% had a poor, fair and good level of knowledge, respectively, about the dental treatment of epileptic patients. On the other hand, it was observed that being a woman (OR = 0.44, CI 0.26-0.75) and being a third year student (OR = 0.39, CI 0.21-0.74) and fourth year student (OR = 0.43, CI 0.23-0.89) constituted a protective factor against poor knowledge about the dental management of epileptic patients, while being from the capital city constituted a risk factor. Finally, age, marital status and the students' area of residence were not considered influential factors (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Most of the students showed a poor and fair level of knowledge about the dental management of epileptic patients, with gender, academic year and place of origin being influential factors. It is advisable that authorities and teachers in the dental profession organize recurrent training programs on the care of patients with chronic diseases requiring special attention, since knowing general concepts, pharmacological management and dental care of epileptic patients will allow future dentists to develop competencies to improve and implement good quality care protocols for this group of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Lurita-Córdova
- grid.441740.20000 0004 0542 2122School of Stomatology, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Av. Jose Antonio Lavalle Avenue s/n (Ex Hacienda Villa), Chorrillos, Lima Peru
| | - Marysela Ladera-Castañeda
- grid.441953.e0000 0001 2097 5129“Grupo de Investigación Salud y Bienestar Global”, Faculty of Dentistry and Postgraduate School, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima, Peru
| | - Flor Santander-Rengifo
- grid.441917.e0000 0001 2196 144XAcademic Program of Dentistry, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
| | - Carlos López-Gurreonero
- grid.430666.10000 0000 9972 9272School of Stomatology, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru
| | - Alberto Cornejo-Pinto
- grid.441740.20000 0004 0542 2122School of Stomatology, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Av. Jose Antonio Lavalle Avenue s/n (Ex Hacienda Villa), Chorrillos, Lima Peru ,grid.441953.e0000 0001 2097 5129“Grupo de Investigación Salud y Bienestar Global”, Faculty of Dentistry and Postgraduate School, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima, Peru
| | - Luis Cervantes-Ganoza
- grid.441833.90000 0004 0542 1066Faculty of Stomatology, Universidad Inca Garcilaso de la Vega, Lima, Peru
| | - Antonieta Castro Pérez-Vargas
- grid.441953.e0000 0001 2097 5129“Grupo de Investigación Salud y Bienestar Global”, Faculty of Dentistry and Postgraduate School, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima, Peru
| | - César Cayo-Rojas
- School of Stomatology, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Av. Jose Antonio Lavalle Avenue s/n (Ex Hacienda Villa), Chorrillos, Lima, Peru.
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Saveanu CI, Dărăbăneanu G, Bobu LI, Anistoroaei D, Bamboi I, Ciortescu I, Saveanu AE. A Cross-Sectional Questionnaire-Based Survey on Blood-Borne Infection Control among Romanian Dental Students. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:medicina58091268. [PMID: 36143946 PMCID: PMC9501450 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58091268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: According to the CDC estimates, 5.6 million healthcare workers worldwide are exposed to the risk of occupationally contracting blood-borne pathogens, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and others. The aim of the present study was to assess the knowledge level on blood-borne infection control (IC) among Romanian undergraduate dental students. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based survey with 21 items was conducted from May 2022 to June 2022. The study had α = 0.620 and Cronbach’s Alpha = 0.660. The Chi-square test was used for data comparison. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 26 (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA), and p ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The study sample included 207 subjects with a mean age of 21.38 (±1.9) years, 59.9% F (female), 40.1% M (male), 38.2% students from year II and 61.8% from year III. Most of the subjects did not have knowledge on the indirect mode of IC, the persistence of HBV, HCV, or HIV, or the existence of rapid tests (p < 0.05). PEP (post-exposure prophylaxis) was known as follows: HBV, 32.36% (67); HCV, 25.60% (53); and HIV, 36.71% (76); p < 0.05. Only 50.24% (104) had knowledge on the recommended testing moments (p = 0.019 by gender, p = 0.752 by year of study). The optimal time to access PEP was considered by 28.01% (58), p ˃ 0.05. Only 37.68% (78) strongly agreed that the one-hand covering technique of the needle was efficient in IC (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The evaluation of the knowledge regarding IC highlighted major gaps in the perception of the subjects, which underlined the need to implement sustained forms of continuing medical education on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Iulia Saveanu
- Department of Surgicals, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T Popa, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence: (C.I.S.); (L.I.B.); (D.A.); Tel.: +4-0747-896-205 (L.I.B.); +4-0721-377-269 (D.A.)
| | - Gianina Dărăbăneanu
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T Popa, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Livia Ionela Bobu
- Department of Surgicals, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T Popa, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence: (C.I.S.); (L.I.B.); (D.A.); Tel.: +4-0747-896-205 (L.I.B.); +4-0721-377-269 (D.A.)
| | - Daniela Anistoroaei
- Department of Surgicals, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T Popa, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence: (C.I.S.); (L.I.B.); (D.A.); Tel.: +4-0747-896-205 (L.I.B.); +4-0721-377-269 (D.A.)
| | - Irina Bamboi
- Department of Surgicals, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T Popa, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Irina Ciortescu
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T Popa, 700115 Iasi, Romania
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HIV Knowledge and Stigmatizing Attitude towards People Living with HIV/AIDS among Medical Students in Jordan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19020745. [PMID: 35055566 PMCID: PMC8775845 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19020745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The stigmatizing attitude towards people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) can be a major barrier to effective patient care. As future physicians, medical students represent a core group that should be targeted with focused knowledge and adequate training to provide patient care without prejudice. The aim of the current study was to examine HIV/AIDS knowledge, and the stigmatizing attitude towards PLWHA, among medical students in Jordan. The current study was based on a self-administered online questionnaire, which was distributed during March–May 2021, involving students at the six medical schools in Jordan, with items assessing demographics, HIV/AIDS knowledge, and HIV/AIDS stigmatizing attitude, which was evaluated using the validated HIV-stigma scale. The total number of respondents was 1362, with predominance of females (n = 780, 57.3%). Lack of HIV/AIDS knowledge among the study participants was notable for the following items: HIV transmission through breastfeeding (40.8% correct responses), HIV is not transmitted through saliva (42.6% correct responses), and vertical transmission of HIV can be prevented (48.8% correct responses). Approximately two-thirds of the respondents displayed a positive attitude towards PLWHA. For six out of the 14 HIV/AIDS knowledge items, lack of knowledge was significantly correlated with a more negative attitude towards PLWHA. Multinomial regression analysis showed that a significantly more negative attitude towards PLWHA was found among the pre-clinical students compared to the clinical students (odds ratio (OR): 0.65, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.43–0.97, p = 0.036); and that affiliation to medical schools that were founded before 2000 was associated with a more positive attitude towards PLWHA compared to affiliation to recently founded medical schools in the country (OR: 1.85, 95% CI: 1.42–2.42, p < 0.001). About one-third of medical students who participated in the study displayed a negative attitude towards PLWHA. Defects in HIV/AIDS knowledge were detected for aspects involving HIV transmission and prevention, and such defects were correlated with a more negative attitude towards PLWHA. It is recommended to revise the current medical training curricula, and to tailor improvements in the overall HIV/AIDS knowledge, which can be reflected in a more positive attitude towards PLWHA, particularly for the recently established medical schools in the country.
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Infection Control Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices among Students of Public Dental Schools in Egypt. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18126248. [PMID: 34207772 PMCID: PMC8296034 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In developing countries such as Egypt, the risk of blood-borne diseases such as human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus is high for healthcare workers. To evaluate infection control knowledge, attitudes and practices, as well as the associated risk of percutaneous infection among dental students, a cross-sectional study was conducted in four Egyptian public dental schools in 2016. A total of 1776 students received an anonymous questionnaire on infection control knowledge, attitudes, and practices and the occurrence of needle and sharps injuries; 1067 (60.1%) completed the questionnaire. Third- (pre-clinical), fourth- (junior-clinical), and fifth-year (senior-clinical) students comprised 44.2%, 15.6%, and 40.2%, respectively. Although the majority of the students reported good attitudes and practices for infection control, knowledge scores were generally low. Female students scored higher on self-protection and sterilization practices than did male students, and the fourth-year students showed significantly higher scores for infection control practice than did the fifth-year students. In multivariate analysis, higher scores for all infection control practices were associated with higher scores for attitudes towards infection control and fewer (1–3) needle injury experiences. Although an alarming proportion had experienced needle or sharps injuries during clinical training, around 30% of the students had not received a complete hepatitis B vaccination. Future infection control education should introduce refresher training before graduation that focuses on injury prevention and post-exposure protocols. Additionally, introducing safer products and clinical procedures is highly recommended to minimize the risk of injuries during clinical practice for dental students in Egypt.
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Duteil C, de La Rochebrochard E, Piron P, Segouin C, Troude P. What do patients consulting in a free sexual health center know about HIV transmission and post-exposure prophylaxis? BMC Public Health 2021; 21:494. [PMID: 33711979 PMCID: PMC7953800 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10547-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Screening, condom use and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) are among existing HIV prevention strategies. However, efficient use of these strategies requires that patients have an adequate knowledge of HIV transmission routes and awareness of risk behaviors. This study aimed to assess knowledge about HIV transmission among patients who attended a free HIV and sexually transmitted infection (STI) screening center in Paris, France, and to explore the patient profiles associated with HIV-related knowledge. METHODS This observational cross-sectional study included 2002 patients who attended for STI testing from August 2017 through August 2018 and completed a self-administered electronic questionnaire. Based on incorrect answers regarding HIV transmission, two outcomes were assessed: lack of knowledge and false beliefs. Factors associated with these two outcomes were explored using univariate and multivariate logistic regressions. RESULTS Only 3.6% of patients did not know about HIV transmission through unprotected sexual intercourse and/or by sharing needles. More than one third of patients (36.4%) had at least one false belief, believing that HIV could be transmitted by sharing a drink (9.7%), kissing (17.6%) or using public toilets (27.5%). A low educational level and no previous HIV testing were associated in multivariate analyses with both lack of knowledge and false beliefs. Age and sexual orientation were also associated with false beliefs. Furthermore, 55.6% of patients did not know that post-exposure prophylaxis consists of taking emergency treatment as soon as possible after risky intercourse. CONCLUSIONS Although the main HIV transmission routes are well known, false beliefs persist and knowledge regarding PEP needs to be improved. Prevention campaigns must focus on these themes which appear as a complementary strategy to pre-exposure prophylaxis to reduce HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christelle Duteil
- Service de Santé Publique, Hôpitaux Lariboisière - Fernand-Widal, AP-HP Nord, F-75010, Paris, France.
| | - Elise de La Rochebrochard
- Institut National d'Etudes Démographiques (Ined), F-93322, Aubervilliers, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, CESP, F94807, Villejuif, France
| | - Prescillia Piron
- Service de Santé Publique, Hôpitaux Lariboisière - Fernand-Widal, AP-HP Nord, F-75010, Paris, France.,CeGIDD, Hôpitaux Lariboisière - Fernand-Widal, AP-HP Nord, F-75010, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Segouin
- Service de Santé Publique, Hôpitaux Lariboisière - Fernand-Widal, AP-HP Nord, F-75010, Paris, France.,CeGIDD, Hôpitaux Lariboisière - Fernand-Widal, AP-HP Nord, F-75010, Paris, France
| | - Pénélope Troude
- Service de Santé Publique, Hôpitaux Lariboisière - Fernand-Widal, AP-HP Nord, F-75010, Paris, France.,Institut National d'Etudes Démographiques (Ined), F-93322, Aubervilliers, France
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Mude W, Oguoma VM, Gesesew HA, Ameyaw EK, Njue C, Nyanhanda T, Adeleye AO, Dune T, Kaambwa B, Mwanri L. HIV/AIDS knowledge and attitudes assessment among women of child-bearing age in South Sudan: Findings from a Household Survey. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0243969. [PMID: 33315916 PMCID: PMC7735644 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study assessed the determinants that shape HIV knowledge and attitudes among South Sudanese women by analysing a Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey collected from 9,061 women in 9,369 households. Generalised linear mixed model regression was performed. Fifty percent of respondents were aware of HIV/AIDS, with 21% and 22% exhibiting good knowledge and positive attitudes towards people with HIV/AIDS, respectively. When controlled for individual and community-level variables, younger women (AOR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.01-162), women with primary (AOR = 2.19; 95% CI: 1.86-2.58) and secondary (AOR = 4.48; 95% CI: 3.38-5.93) education, and those living in urban areas (AOR = 1.40; 95% CI: 1.12-1.76) had significantly good knowledge. Women in the richer (AOR = 1.60; 95% CI: 1.08-2.36) and the richest (AOR = 2.02; 95% CI: 1.35-3.02) wealth quintiles had significant positive attitudes towards people with HIV/AIDS. Well-designed social and behavioural campaigns targeting uneducated women and those living in rural and remote settings will enhance knowledge of perceived risk, awareness, and ability to carry out preventive behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Mude
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Victor M Oguoma
- Health Research Institute, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia
| | - Hailay Abrha Gesesew
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.,School of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Edward K Ameyaw
- The Australian Centre for Public and Population Health Research (ACPPHR), School of Public Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Carolyne Njue
- The Australian Centre for Public and Population Health Research (ACPPHR), School of Public Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Tafadzwa Nyanhanda
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Adeniyi O Adeleye
- School of Nursing, Midwifery & Social Sciences, Central Queensland University, MacKay, Australia
| | - Tinashe Dune
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Billingsley Kaambwa
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Lillian Mwanri
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
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