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Torres B, Sánchez MC, Virto L, Llama‐Palacios A, Ciudad MJ, Collado L. Use of probiotics in preventing and treating excess weight and obesity. A systematic review. Obes Sci Pract 2024; 10:e759. [PMID: 38903852 PMCID: PMC11187407 DOI: 10.1002/osp4.759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of excess weight and obesity is increasing in an extremely concerning manner worldwide, with highly diverse therapies for current treatment. This review evaluated the scientific evidence of the past 10 years on the use of probiotics in treating excess weight and obesity in the absence of dieting. Materials A systematic review was conducted by searching for clinical trials on humans published in English in the PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane Central databases, using the combination of keywords "Overweight", "Probiotics" and "Obesity", and published between 2012 and 2022. Results Six published studies met the inclusion criteria. The review showed that, although there is a lack of consensus in the literature, the use of probiotics in the absence of dieting produced a significant reduction in body weight and body mass index in 66.6% of the reviewed studies, a significant reduction in waist circumference in 80.0% of the reviewed studies, and an improvement in total body fat mass and waist circumference. Conclusions This review showed evidence of a trend in preventing body weight gain and reducing weight through the use of probiotics in individuals with excess weight or obesity. A combination of various strains of the genera Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus was the most effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belén Torres
- Faculty of MedicineDepartment of MedicineComplutense UniversityMadridSpain
| | - María C. Sánchez
- Faculty of MedicineDepartment of MedicineComplutense UniversityMadridSpain
- Faculty of MedicineGINTRAMIS Research Group (Translational Research Group on Microbiota and Health)Complutense UniversityMadridSpain
| | - Leire Virto
- Faculty of OpticsDepartment of Anatomy and EmbryologyComplutense UniversityMadridSpain
| | - Arancha Llama‐Palacios
- Faculty of MedicineDepartment of MedicineComplutense UniversityMadridSpain
- Faculty of MedicineGINTRAMIS Research Group (Translational Research Group on Microbiota and Health)Complutense UniversityMadridSpain
| | - María J. Ciudad
- Faculty of MedicineDepartment of MedicineComplutense UniversityMadridSpain
- Faculty of MedicineGINTRAMIS Research Group (Translational Research Group on Microbiota and Health)Complutense UniversityMadridSpain
| | - Luis Collado
- Faculty of MedicineDepartment of MedicineComplutense UniversityMadridSpain
- Faculty of MedicineGINTRAMIS Research Group (Translational Research Group on Microbiota and Health)Complutense UniversityMadridSpain
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2
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Zhang Y, Zheng T, Ma D, Shi P, Zhang H, Li J, Sun Z. Probiotics Bifidobacterium lactis M8 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus M9 prevent high blood pressure via modulating the gut microbiota composition and host metabolic products. mSystems 2023; 8:e0033123. [PMID: 37855616 PMCID: PMC10734487 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00331-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Elevated blood pressure affects 40% of the adult population, which accounts for high cardiovascular disease risk and further high mortality yearly. The global understanding of the gut microbiome for hypertension may provide important insights into the prevention. Bifidobacterium lactis M8 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus M9 originated from human breast milk, were able to decrease blood pressure, and modified metabolites in a high fructose-induced elevated blood pressure mouse model. Moreover, we found there was a close relationship between unexplored gut microbes and elevated blood pressure. Also, subsequently, the cross-link was explored among gut microbes, metabolites, and some metabolic pathways in gut microbial environment through introducing novel prediction methodology and bioinformatic analysis. It allowed us to hypothesize that probiotics can prevent elevated blood pressure via gut microbiota and related metabolism.Thus, utilization of dietary strategies (such as probiotics) to maintain the blood pressure level is of crucial importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot, China
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Zheng
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Da Ma
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot, China
| | - Peng Shi
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Heping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot, China
| | - Jun Li
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- School of Data Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhihong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot, China
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3
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Vallianou NG, Kounatidis D, Panagopoulos F, Evangelopoulos A, Stamatopoulos V, Papagiorgos A, Geladari E, Dalamaga M. Gut Microbiota and Its Role in the Brain-Gut-Kidney Axis in Hypertension. Curr Hypertens Rep 2023; 25:367-376. [PMID: 37632662 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-023-01263-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The role of the gut microbiota in modulating blood pressure is increasingly being recognized, currently. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent findings about the mechanisms involved in hypertension with regard to the phenomenon of "gut dysbiosis." RECENT FINDINGS Gut dysbiosis, i.e., the imbalance between the gut microbiota and the host, is characterized by a disruption of the tight junction proteins, such as occludins, claudins, and JAMs (junctional adhesion molecules), resulting in increased gut permeability or the so called "leaky gut." Due to the influence of genetic as well as environmental factors, various metabolites produced by the gut microbiota, such as indole and p-cresol, are increased. Thereby, uremic toxins, such as indoxyl sulfates and p-cresol sulfates, accumulate in the blood and the urine, causing damage in the podocytes and the tubular cells. In addition, immunological mechanisms are implicated as well. In particular, a switch from M2 macrophages to M1 macrophages, which produce pro-inflammatory cytokines, occurs. Moreover, a higher level of Th17 cells, releasing large amounts of interleukin-17 (IL-17), has been reported, when a diet rich in salt is consumed. Therefore, apart from the aggravation of uremic toxins, which may account for direct harmful effects on the kidney, there is inflammation not only in the gut, but in the kidneys as well. This crosstalk between the gut and the kidney is suggested to play a crucial role in hypertension. Notably, the brain is also implicated, with an increasing sympathetic output. The brain-gut-kidney axis seems to be deeply involved in the development of hypertension and chronic kidney disease (CKD). The notion that, by modulating the gut microbiota, we could regulate blood pressure is strongly supported by the current evidence. A healthy diet, low in animal protein and fat, and low in salt, together with the utilization of probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, or postbiotics, may contribute to our fight against hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fotis Panagopoulos
- Evangelismos General Hospital, 45-47 Ipsilantou str, 10676, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | | | - Eleni Geladari
- Evangelismos General Hospital, 45-47 Ipsilantou str, 10676, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Dalamaga
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias str, Athens, Greece
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4
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Zhang Q, Wang M, Ma X, Li Z, Jiang C, Pan Y, Zeng Q. In vitro investigation on lactic acid bacteria isolatedfrom Yak faeces for potential probiotics. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:984537. [PMID: 36189367 PMCID: PMC9523120 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.984537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to evaluate the potential and safety of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from faeces samples of Ganan yak as probiotic for prevention and/or treatment of yak diarrhea, four strains of LAB including Latilactobacillus curvatus (FY1), Weissella cibaria (FY2), Limosilactobacillus mucosae (FY3), and Lactiplantibacillus pentosus (FY4) were isolated and identified in this study. Cell surface characteristics (hydrophobicity and cell aggregation), acid resistance and bile tolerance, compatibility, antibacterial activity and in vitro cell adhesion tests were also carried out to evaluate the probiotic potential of LAB. The results showed that the four isolates had certain acid tolerance, bile salt tolerance, hydrophobicity and cell aggregation, all of which contribute to the survival and colonization of LAB in the gastrointestinal tract. There is no compatibility between the four strains, so they can be combined into a mixed probiotic formula. Antimicrobial tests showed that the four strains were antagonistic to Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella typhimurium. Moreover, the in vitro safety of the four isolates were determined through hemolytic analysis, gelatinase activity, and antibacterial susceptibility experiments. The results suggest that all the four strains were considered as safe because they had no hemolytic activity, no gelatinase activity and were sensitive to most antibacterial agents. Moreover, the acute oral toxicity test of LAB had no adverse effect on body weight gain, food utilization and organ indices in Kunming mice. In conclusion, the four LAB isolated from yak feces have considerable potential to prevent and/or treat yak bacterial disease-related diarrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingli Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Meng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xin Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zhijie Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Chenghui Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yangyang Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Technology and Research Center of Gansu Province for Embryonic Engineering of Bovine and Sheep & Goat, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- *Correspondence: Yangyang Pan, ; Qiaoying Zeng,
| | - Qiaoying Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- *Correspondence: Yangyang Pan, ; Qiaoying Zeng,
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5
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Yan D, Sun Y, Zhou X, Si W, Liu J, Li M, Wu M. Regulatory effect of gut microbes on blood pressure. Animal Model Exp Med 2022; 5:513-531. [PMID: 35880388 PMCID: PMC9773315 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is an important global public health issue because of its high morbidity as well as the increased risk of other diseases. Recent studies have indicated that the development of hypertension is related to the dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in both animals and humans. In this review, we outline the interaction between gut microbiota and hypertension, including gut microbial changes in hypertension, the effect of microbial dysbiosis on blood pressure (BP), indicators of gut microbial dysbiosis in hypertension, and the microbial genera that affect BP at the taxonomic level. For example, increases in Lactobacillus, Roseburia, Coprococcus, Akkermansia, and Bifidobacterium are associated with reduced BP, while increases in Streptococcus, Blautia, and Prevotella are associated with elevated BP. Furthermore, we describe the potential mechanisms involved in the regulation between gut microbiota and hypertension. Finally, we summarize the commonly used treatments of hypertension that are based on gut microbes, including fecal microbiota transfer, probiotics and prebiotics, antibiotics, and dietary supplements. This review aims to find novel potential genera for improving hypertension and give a direction for future studies on gut microbiota in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Yan
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical SciencesXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
| | - Ye Sun
- Institute of Medical Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Comparative Medical CenterPeking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Xiaoyue Zhou
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical SciencesXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
| | - Wenhao Si
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical SciencesXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina,Department of Dermatologythe First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
| | - Jieyu Liu
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical SciencesXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
| | - Min Li
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical SciencesXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
| | - Minna Wu
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical SciencesXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
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6
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Zhang Q, Pan Y, Wang M, Sun L, Xi Y, Li M, Zeng Q. In vitro evaluation of probiotic properties of lactic acid bacteria isolated from the vagina of yak ( Bos grunniens). PeerJ 2022; 10:e13177. [PMID: 35368335 PMCID: PMC8973462 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Bovine endometritis is an inflammatory disease of the uterus that occurs after parturition and can result in the destruction of uterine microecology, disruption of hormone secretion, and even infertility. Problems such as antibiotic residues, pathogen resistance, and microbiota dysbiosis caused by conventional antibiotic therapy cannot be ignored. According to the microecological balance theory, probiotics have the potential to prevent or cure endometritis in cattle. Probiotics can positively influence host physiology by regulating microecological imbalance, modulating immunity, and antagonizing pathogens. Since some probiotics contribute to host health only in their specific natural niches, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from the vagina may have better potential to fight against vaginal and uterine infection. The yak (Bos grunniens) is an ancient and primitive livestock animal that is adapted to high altitude and harsh environments (cold, nutritional deficiencies, and hypoxia). However, to our knowledge, there have been no studies on yak vaginal LAB. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to isolate vaginal LAB from yak, evaluate and compare the probiotic potential and safety of the isolates, and help establish the probiotics library that can be used in the prevention and/or treatment of endometritis. Twenty-five vaginal swabs were collected from healthy yak and cultured in deMan, Rogosa, and Sharpe (MRS) broth. Tentative LAB strains were preliminarily determined through calcium dissolving zone and morphological identification, and the strains were then identified using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The probiotics of the isolates were detected using cell aggregation, hydrophobicity, resistance to acid and bile salt, adhesion, and antibacterial activities. Additionally, antimicrobial susceptibility, hemolytic activity, and detection of potential virulence factors were determined in order to confirm the safety of these strains. Five isolates were identified: Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Lactobacillus plantarum, Enterococcus hirae, Lacticaseibacillus camelliae, and Lactobacillus mucosae. All isolates had certain growth resistance, aggregation ability, effective antimicrobial potency against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella typhimurium, were sensitive to most antibiotics, and could effectively adhere to bovine endometrial epithelial cells (BEECs). None of the isolates showed hemolytic activity or harbored virulence factors. Our results indicated that the five isolates have considerable potential as probiotics that can be used to prevent and/or treat bovine endometritis. We speculate that a mixture of YD6, YD9, and YD25 may yield better results, although this would require extensive experiments to verify.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingli Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yangyang Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China,Technology and Research Center of Gansu Province for Embryonic Engineering of Bovine and Sheep & Goat, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Meng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Liang Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yao Xi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Mei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Qiaoying Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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7
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Chen HQ, Gong JY, Xing K, Liu MZ, Ren H, Luo JQ. Pharmacomicrobiomics: Exploiting the Drug-Microbiota Interactions in Antihypertensive Treatment. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 8:742394. [PMID: 35127738 PMCID: PMC8808336 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.742394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and can reduce life expectancy. Owing to the widespread use of antihypertensive drugs, patients with hypertension have improved blood pressure control over the past few decades. However, for a considerable part of the population, these drugs still cannot significantly improve their symptoms. In order to explore the reasons behind, pharmacomicrobiomics provide unique insights into the drug treatment of hypertension by investigating the effect of bidirectional interaction between gut microbiota and antihypertensive drugs. This review discusses the relationship between antihypertensive drugs and the gut microbiome, including changes in drug pharmacokinetics and gut microbiota composition. In addition, we highlight how our current knowledge of antihypertensive drug-microbiota interactions to develop gut microbiota-based personalized ways for disease management, including antihypertensive response biomarker, microbial-targeted therapies, probiotics therapy. Ultimately, a better understanding of the impact of pharmacomicrobiomics in the treatment of hypertension will provide important information for guiding rational clinical use and individualized use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Qing Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jin-Yu Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kai Xing
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mou-Ze Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huan Ren
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jian-Quan Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Jian-Quan Luo
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8
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Wu H, Chiou J. Potential Benefits of Probiotics and Prebiotics for Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke. Nutrients 2021; 13:2878. [PMID: 34445037 PMCID: PMC8401746 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Among cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, coronary heart disease and stroke are the most well-known and extensively studied. The onset and progression of CVD is associated with multiple risk factors, among which, gut microbiota has received much attention in the past two decades. Gut microbiota, the microbial community colonizing in the gut, plays a prominent role in human health. In particular, gut dysbiosis is directly related to many acute or chronic dysfunctions of the cardiovascular system (CVS) in the host. Earlier studies have demonstrated that the pathogenesis of CVD is strongly linked to intestinal microbiota imbalance and inflammatory responses. Probiotics and prebiotics conferring various health benefits on the host are emerging as promising therapeutic interventions for many diseases. These two types of food supplements have the potential to alleviate the risks of CVD through improving the levels of several cardiovascular markers, such as total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and certain cytokines involved in the inflammatory response. In this review, we focus mainly on the preventive effects of probiotics and prebiotics on CVD via rebalancing the structural and functional changes in gut microbiota and maintaining immune homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haicui Wu
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China;
- Research Institute for Future Food, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jiachi Chiou
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China;
- Research Institute for Future Food, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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9
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Olvera-Rosales LB, Cruz-Guerrero AE, Ramírez-Moreno E, Quintero-Lira A, Contreras-López E, Jaimez-Ordaz J, Castañeda-Ovando A, Añorve-Morga J, Calderón-Ramos ZG, Arias-Rico J, González-Olivares LG. Impact of the Gut Microbiota Balance on the Health-Disease Relationship: The Importance of Consuming Probiotics and Prebiotics. Foods 2021; 10:1261. [PMID: 34199351 PMCID: PMC8230287 DOI: 10.3390/foods10061261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota is a group of microorganisms that are deposited throughout the entire gastrointestinal tract. Currently, thanks to genomic tools, studies of gut microbiota have pointed towards the understanding of the metabolism of important bacteria that are not cultivable and their relationship with human homeostasis. Alterations in the composition of gut microbiota could explain, at least in part, some epidemics, such as diabetes and obesity. Likewise, dysbiosis has been associated with gastrointestinal disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and even cancer. That is why several studies have recently been focused on the direct relationship that these types of conditions have with the specific composition of gut microbiota, as in the case of the microbiota-intestine-brain axis. In the same way, the control of microbiota is related to the diet. Therefore, this review highlights the importance of gut microbiota, from its composition to its relationship with the human health-disease condition, as well as emphasizes the effect of probiotic and prebiotic consumption on the balance of its composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura-Berenice Olvera-Rosales
- Área Académica de Química, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Mineral de la Reforma 42184, Hidalgo, Mexico; (L.-B.O.-R.); (E.C.-L.); (J.J.-O.); (A.C.-O.); (J.A.-M.)
| | - Alma-Elizabeth Cruz-Guerrero
- Departamento de Biotecnología, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Ciudad de Mexico 09340, Mexico
| | - Esther Ramírez-Moreno
- Área Académica de Nutrición, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Circuito Ex Hacienda, La Concepción S/N, Carretera Pachuca Actopan, San Agustín Tlaxiaca 42060, Hidalgo, Mexico; (E.R.-M.); (Z.-G.C.-R.)
| | - Aurora Quintero-Lira
- Área Académica de Ingeniería Agroindustrial e Ingeniería en alimentos, Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Av. Universidad km. 1, Ex-Hacienda de Aquetzalpa, Tulancingo 43600, Hidalgo, Mexico;
| | - Elizabeth Contreras-López
- Área Académica de Química, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Mineral de la Reforma 42184, Hidalgo, Mexico; (L.-B.O.-R.); (E.C.-L.); (J.J.-O.); (A.C.-O.); (J.A.-M.)
| | - Judith Jaimez-Ordaz
- Área Académica de Química, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Mineral de la Reforma 42184, Hidalgo, Mexico; (L.-B.O.-R.); (E.C.-L.); (J.J.-O.); (A.C.-O.); (J.A.-M.)
| | - Araceli Castañeda-Ovando
- Área Académica de Química, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Mineral de la Reforma 42184, Hidalgo, Mexico; (L.-B.O.-R.); (E.C.-L.); (J.J.-O.); (A.C.-O.); (J.A.-M.)
| | - Javier Añorve-Morga
- Área Académica de Química, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Mineral de la Reforma 42184, Hidalgo, Mexico; (L.-B.O.-R.); (E.C.-L.); (J.J.-O.); (A.C.-O.); (J.A.-M.)
| | - Zuli-Guadalupe Calderón-Ramos
- Área Académica de Nutrición, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Circuito Ex Hacienda, La Concepción S/N, Carretera Pachuca Actopan, San Agustín Tlaxiaca 42060, Hidalgo, Mexico; (E.R.-M.); (Z.-G.C.-R.)
| | - José Arias-Rico
- Área Académica de Enfermería, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Circuito Ex Hacienda, La Concepción S/N, Carretera Pachuca Actopan, San Agustín Tlaxiaca 42060, Hidalgo, Mexico;
| | - Luis-Guillermo González-Olivares
- Área Académica de Química, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Mineral de la Reforma 42184, Hidalgo, Mexico; (L.-B.O.-R.); (E.C.-L.); (J.J.-O.); (A.C.-O.); (J.A.-M.)
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10
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Wang G, Hao M, Liu Q, Jiang Y, Huang H, Yang G, Wang C. Protective effect of recombinant Lactobacillus plantarum against H 2O 2-induced oxidative stress in HUVEC cells. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2021; 22:348-365. [PMID: 33973418 PMCID: PMC8110467 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2000441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study probed the protective effect of recombinant Lactobacillus plantarum against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). We constructed a new functional L. plantarum (NC8-pSIP409-alr-angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory peptide (ACEIP)) with a double-gene-labeled non-resistant screen as an expression vector. A 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) colorimetric assay was carried out to determine the cell viability of HUVEC cells following pretreatment with NC8-pSIP409-alr-ACEIP. Flow cytometry (FCM) was used to determine the apoptosis rate of HUVEC cells. Cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase (caspase)-3/8/9 activity was also assayed and western blotting was used to determine protein expression of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 2 (gp91phox), angiotensin II (AngII), and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), as well as corresponding indicators of oxidative stress, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). NC8-pSIP409-alr-ACEIP attenuated H2O2-induced cell death, as determined by the MTT assay. NC8-pSIP409-alr-ACEIP reduced apoptosis of HUVEC cells by FCM. In addition, compared to the positive control, the oxidative stress index of the H2O2-induced HUVEC (Hy-HUVEC), which was pretreated by NC8-pSIP409-alr-ACEIP, iNOS, gp91phox, MDA, and ROS, was decreased obviously; SOD expression level was increased; caspase-3 or -9 was decreased, but caspase-8 did not change; Bcl-2/Bax ratio was increased; permeability changes of mitochondria were inhibited; and loss of transmembrane potential was prevented. Expression of the hypertension-related protein (AngII protein) in HUVEC cells protected by NC8-pSIP409-alr-ACEIP decreased and expression of ACE2 protein increased. These plantarum results suggested that NC8-pSIP409-alr-ACEIP protects against H2O2-induced injury in HUVEC cells. The mechanism for this effect is related to enhancement of antioxidant capacity and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.,College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Mingyue Hao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Qiong Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yanlong Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Haibin Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Guilian Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Chunfeng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
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11
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TMA/TMAO in Hypertension: Novel Horizons and Potential Therapies. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2021; 14:1117-1124. [PMID: 33709384 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-021-10115-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is the most prevalent chronic disease and a risk factor for various diseases. Although its mechanisms and therapies are constantly being updated and developed, they are still not fully clarified. In recent years, novel gut microbiota and its metabolites have attracted widespread attention. It is strongly linked with physiological and pathological systems, especially TMA and TMAO. TMA is formed by intestinal microbial metabolism of choline and L-carnitine and converted into TMAO by FMO3. This paper collected and collated the latest researches and mainly discussed the following four parts. It introduced gut microbiota; provided a focus on TMA, TMA-producing bacteria, and TMAO; summarized the alternations in hypertensive patients and animals; discussed the mechanisms of TMAO with two respects; and summarized the regulatory factors may be as new interventions and therapies of hypertension. And, more relevant studies are still prospected to be accomplished between hypertension and TMA/TMAO for further clinical services.
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12
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Hadi A, Pourmasoumi M, Kazemi M, Najafgholizadeh A, Marx W. Efficacy of synbiotic interventions on blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:5582-5591. [PMID: 33612008 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1888278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of synbiotic interventions on blood pressure levels in adults. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted in the databases of MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane through March 2020 to identify all randomized control trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of synbiotic interventions on blood pressure parameter, including systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) scale was used to assess the certainty of evaluated outcomes and determine the strength of recommendations. RESULTS Eleven RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. Synbiotic interventions significantly reduced SBP (-3.02 mmHg; 95% CI: -4.84, -1.21; I2 = 55%) without changing DBP levels (-0.57 mmHg; 95% CI: -1.78, 0.64; I2 = 50%). Subgroup analyses revealed that the SBP-lowering effects of synbiotic interventions were more pronounced wherein trials were longer (≥12 weeks), synbiotic interventions were administrated as a supplement, and participants were younger (<50 years old). Also, a significant improvement in both SBP and DBP levels was evident in subgroups with a lower (<30 kg/m2) body mass index. CONCLUSIONS Synbiotic interventions may significantly improve SBP levels in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hadi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Makan Pourmasoumi
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Maryam Kazemi
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Human Metabolic Research Unit, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | | | - Wolfgang Marx
- School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Food & Mood Centre (IMPACT), Geelong, Australia
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13
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Khorraminezhad L, Rudkowska I. Effect of Yogurt Consumption on Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factors: a Narrative Review. Curr Nutr Rep 2021; 10:83-92. [PMID: 33405074 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-020-00344-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Metabolic syndrome (MetS) comprises risk factors such as obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, hypertension, and hyperglycemia. Here we described the outcome of various yogurt consumption, either conventional, low-fat, high-fat, Greek, or enriched with nutrients or probiotics: (1) on the parameters of MetS risk factors and (2) on the mechanisms of action of the MetS risk factors. RECENT FINDING The majority (25 studies) of clinical trials and meta-analyses of clinical trials reported a beneficial effect of yogurt consumption in the prevention of MetS risk. Yogurt components, such as calcium, vitamin D, proteins, and probiotics, were associated with the multiple beneficial effects on the prevention of MetS. In general, yogurt consumption may be promoted within healthy dietary patterns to prevent MetS. More studies are needed to determine what type of yogurt has the greatest benefits for specific MetS risk factor prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Khorraminezhad
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec-Laval University Research Center, CHUL - 2705, Boulevard. Laurier, Québec, Québec, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Iwona Rudkowska
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec-Laval University Research Center, CHUL - 2705, Boulevard. Laurier, Québec, Québec, G1V 4G2, Canada. .,Department of Kinesiology, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada.
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14
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Vallejo-Cordoba B, Castro-López C, García HS, González-Córdova AF, Hernández-Mendoza A. Postbiotics and paraprobiotics: A review of current evidence and emerging trends. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2020; 94:1-34. [PMID: 32892831 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2020.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, new probiotic-related concepts such as postbiotics and paraprobiotics have been coined to indicate that non-viable microorganisms or bacterial-free extracts may provide benefits to the host by offering additional bioactivities to probiotics, including but not limited to anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-proliferative and antioxidant activities. Despite in vitro and in vivo studies that support the promising use of postbiotics and paraprobiotics as health promoters, the mechanism of action and the signaling pathway involved have not yet been fully elucidated. Therefore, the aim of this chapter is to provide an overview of novel probiotic-related concepts and the scientific evidence that supports their bioactivities as well as the possible mechanisms underlying their health-promoting effects. Additionally, current trends in food, feed, and pharmaceutical applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda Vallejo-Cordoba
- Laboratorio de Química y Biotecnología de Productos Lácteos, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C. (CIAD, A.C.), Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Cecilia Castro-López
- Laboratorio de Química y Biotecnología de Productos Lácteos, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C. (CIAD, A.C.), Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Hugo S García
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo de Alimentos, Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Veracruz, Veracruz, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Aarón F González-Córdova
- Laboratorio de Química y Biotecnología de Productos Lácteos, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C. (CIAD, A.C.), Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Adrián Hernández-Mendoza
- Laboratorio de Química y Biotecnología de Productos Lácteos, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C. (CIAD, A.C.), Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico.
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15
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Effect of probiotic foods and supplements on blood pressure: a systematic review of meta-analyses studies of controlled trials. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2020; 19:617-623. [PMID: 32550214 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-020-00525-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective Recent evidences suggested that hypertension was associated with changes in gut microbiota composition. As intervention with probiotics might be considered as one of the approaches for modulating gut microbiota, the objective of the present study was to systematically review the meta-analyses of controlled trials (CTs) to elucidate the effects of probiotics on blood pressure. Methods We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases until November 2019 to explore all the meta-analyses conducted on the CTs assessing the efficacy of probiotics in the management of blood pressure (BP). Meta-analyses performed on in vitro, animal or observational studies were excluded from the study. References of the included studies were also screened to obtain further eligible publications. Results From the 111 records which were identified during the literature search, 5 meta-analyses met the selection criteria. Total sample size was 2703 subjects (1009 subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)), aged 12-75 years from both sexes. Results of meta-analyses have been shown a moderate effect of probiotics on BP in hypertensive adults with/without T2DM; from 3.10 to 5.04 mmHg for systolic blood pressure (SBP) and from 0.39 to 3.84 mmHg for diastolic blood pressure (DBP) after 3-24 weeks consumption. These effects were greater in adults with BP ≥ 130/85, by dairy products, by Asian fermented products with multiple species and higher dose of probiotics (≥ 1011 colony forming units (CFU)). Conclusion It seems probiotic foods and supplements which were contained high dose multiple species of probiotic bacteria could be more effective in BP control.
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16
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Silveira-Nunes G, Durso DF, Jr LRADO, Cunha EHM, Maioli TU, Vieira AT, Speziali E, Corrêa-Oliveira R, Martins-Filho OA, Teixeira-Carvalho A, Franceschi C, Rampelli S, Turroni S, Brigidi P, Faria AMC. Hypertension Is Associated With Intestinal Microbiota Dysbiosis and Inflammation in a Brazilian Population. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:258. [PMID: 32226382 PMCID: PMC7080704 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a major global health challenge, as it represents the main risk factor for stroke and cardiovascular disease. It is a multifactorial clinical condition characterized by high and sustained levels of blood pressure, likely resulting from a complex interplay of endogenous and environmental factors. The gut microbiota has been strongly supposed to be involved but its role in hypertension is still poorly understood. In an attempt to fill this gap, here we characterized the microbial composition of fecal samples from 48 hypertensive and 32 normotensive Brazilian individuals by next-generation sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. In addition, the cytokine production of peripheral blood samples was investigated to build an immunological profile of these individuals. We identified a dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota in hypertensive subjects, featured by reduced biodiversity and distinct bacterial signatures compared with the normotensive counterpart. Along with a reduction in Bacteroidetes members, hypertensive individuals were indeed mainly characterized by increased proportions of Lactobacillus and Akkermansia while decreased relative abundances of well-known butyrate-producing commensals, including Roseburia and Faecalibacterium within the Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae families. We also observed an inflamed immune profile in hypertensive individuals with an increase in TNF/IFN-γ ratio, and in TNF and IL-6 production when compared to normotensive ones. Our work provides the first evidence of association of hypertension with altered gut microbiota and inflammation in a Brazilian population. While lending support to the existence of potential microbial signatures of hypertension, likely to be robust to age and geography, our findings point to largely neglected bacteria as potential contributors to intestinal homeostasis loss and emphasize the high vulnerability of hypertensive individuals to inflammation-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Silveira-Nunes
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Departamento de Medicina, Instituto de Ciências da Vida, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora - Campus Avançado de Governador Valadares, Governador Valadares, Brazil
| | - Danielle Fernandes Durso
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Luiz Roberto Alves de Oliveira Jr
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Tatiani Uceli Maioli
- Departamento de Nutrição, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Angélica Thomaz Vieira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Elaine Speziali
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-FIOCRUZ, Instituto René Rachou, Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Corrêa-Oliveira
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-FIOCRUZ, Instituto René Rachou, Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Olindo Assis Martins-Filho
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-FIOCRUZ, Instituto René Rachou, Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Andrea Teixeira-Carvalho
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-FIOCRUZ, Instituto René Rachou, Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Applied Mathematics, Institute of Information Technology, Mathematics and Mechanics (ITMM), Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Simone Rampelli
- Unit of Microbial Ecology of Health, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Turroni
- Unit of Microbial Ecology of Health, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Patrizia Brigidi
- Unit of Microbial Ecology of Health, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ana Maria Caetano Faria
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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17
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Matsutomo T. Potential benefits of garlic and other dietary supplements for the management of hypertension. Exp Ther Med 2020; 19:1479-1484. [PMID: 32010326 PMCID: PMC6966105 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.8375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Elevated blood pressure is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Although some effective drug treatments are available, a relatively large proportion of patients have uncontrolled blood pressure. Dietary supplements are used for the prevention and treatment of hypertension as complementary and alternative medicines. Of the various dietary supplements, antioxidants, fish oil and diverse herbal products are commonly used. Within this context, it is important to determine the actual effectiveness and possible side-effects of these supplements; however, some of the products have been poorly investigated for their effects and safety. In the current review, we focus on garlic and several other dietary supplements, such as coenzyme Q10, fish oil and probiotics, that have exhibited significant beneficial effects on blood pressure in clinical trials. In addition, we discuss the possible mechanisms of action responsible for their anti-hypertensive effects, as well as the safety, active ingredients and their potential use as adjunct therapies for uncontrolled hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Matsutomo
- Central Research Institute, Wakunaga Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Akitakata-shi, Hiroshima 739-1195, Japan
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18
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Abundance of Lactobacillus plantarum Strains with Beneficial Attributes in Blackberries (Rubus sp.), Fresh Figs (Ficus carica), and Prickly Pears (Opuntia ficus-indica) Grown and Harvested in Algeria. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2020; 12:1514-1523. [DOI: 10.1007/s12602-020-09632-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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19
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20
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Lau E, Neves JS, Ferreira-Magalhães M, Carvalho D, Freitas P. Probiotic Ingestion, Obesity, and Metabolic-Related Disorders: Results from NHANES, 1999-2014. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11071482. [PMID: 31261830 PMCID: PMC6683043 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota dysbiosis has been recognized as having key importance in obesity- and metabolic-related diseases. Although there is increasing evidence of the potential benefits induced by probiotics in metabolic disturbances, there is a lack of large cross-sectional studies to assess population-based prevalence of probiotic intake and metabolic diseases. Our aim was to evaluate the association of probiotic ingestion with obesity, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. A cross-sectional study was designed using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 1999–2014. Probiotic ingestion was considered when a subject reported consumption of yogurt or a probiotic supplement during the 24-h dietary recall or during the Dietary Supplement Use 30-Day questionnaire. We included 38,802 adults and 13.1% reported probiotic ingestion. The prevalence of obesity and hypertension was lower in the probiotic group (obesity-adjusted Odds Ratio (OR): 0.84, 95% CI 0.76–0.92, p < 0.001; hypertension-adjusted OR: 0.79, 95% CI 0.71–0.88, p < 0.001). Accordingly, even after analytic adjustments, body mass index (BMI) was significantly lower in the probiotic group, as were systolic and diastolic blood pressure and triglycerides; high-density lipoprotein (HDL) was significantly higher in the probiotic group for the adjusted model. In this large-scale study, ingestion of probiotic supplements or yogurt was associated with a lower prevalence of obesity and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Lau
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar Univesrsitário São João, 4200 Porto, Portugal.
- CINTESIS-Centre for Health Technologies and Information Systems Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200 Porto, Portugal.
| | - João Sérgio Neves
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar Univesrsitário São João, 4200 Porto, Portugal.
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Manuel Ferreira-Magalhães
- CINTESIS-Centre for Health Technologies and Information Systems Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200 Porto, Portugal.
- Health Information and Decision Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine, Porto University, 4200 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Davide Carvalho
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar Univesrsitário São João, 4200 Porto, Portugal.
- I3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Paula Freitas
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar Univesrsitário São João, 4200 Porto, Portugal.
- I3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200 Porto, Portugal.
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Qi Y, Kim S, Richards EM, Raizada MK, Pepine CJ. Gut Microbiota: Potential for a Unifying Hypothesis for Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension. Circ Res 2019; 120:1724-1726. [PMID: 28546357 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.117.310734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- YanFei Qi
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (Y.Q., C.J.P.) and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics (S.K., E.M.R., M.K.R.), College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville
| | - Seungbum Kim
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (Y.Q., C.J.P.) and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics (S.K., E.M.R., M.K.R.), College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville
| | - Elaine M Richards
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (Y.Q., C.J.P.) and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics (S.K., E.M.R., M.K.R.), College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville
| | - Mohan K Raizada
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (Y.Q., C.J.P.) and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics (S.K., E.M.R., M.K.R.), College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville
| | - Carl J Pepine
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (Y.Q., C.J.P.) and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics (S.K., E.M.R., M.K.R.), College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville.
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22
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Noce A, Marrone G, Di Daniele F, Ottaviani E, Wilson Jones G, Bernini R, Romani A, Rovella V. Impact of Gut Microbiota Composition on Onset and Progression of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11051073. [PMID: 31091761 PMCID: PMC6567014 DOI: 10.3390/nu11051073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, mounting scientific evidence has emerged regarding the evaluation of the putative correlation between the gut microbiota composition and the presence of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs), such as diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, and arterial hypertension. The aim of this narrative review is to examine the current literature with respect to the relationship between intestinal dysbiosis and the insurgence/progression of chronic NCDs, analyzing the physiopathological mechanisms that can induce microbiota modification in the course of these pathologies, and the possible effect induced by microbiota alteration upon disease onset. Therapy based on probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, postbiotics, and fecal microbiota transplant can represent a useful therapeutic tool, as has been highlighted on animal studies. To this moment, clinical studies that intended to demonstrate the beneficial effect induced by this kind of oral supplementation on the gut microbiota composition, and subsequent amelioration of signs and symptoms of chronic NCDs have been conducted on limited sample populations for a limited follow-up period. Therefore, to fully evaluate the therapeutic value of this kind of intervention, it would be ideal to design ample population; randomized clinical trials with a lengthy follow up period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Noce
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome, via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Giulia Marrone
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome, via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
- PhD School of Applied Medical- Surgical Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Francesca Di Daniele
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome, via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Eleonora Ottaviani
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome, via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Georgia Wilson Jones
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome, via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Roberta Bernini
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy.
| | - Annalisa Romani
- PHYTOLAB-DISIA-Department of Informatics, Statistics and Applications G. Parenti, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni, 59-50134 Florence, Italy and QuMAP-PIN-Piazza Giovanni Ciardi, 25, 59100 Prato (PO), Italy.
| | - Valentina Rovella
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome, via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
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23
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Robles-Vera I, Toral M, Romero M, Jiménez R, Sánchez M, Pérez-Vizcaíno F, Duarte J. Antihypertensive Effects of Probiotics. Curr Hypertens Rep 2018; 19:26. [PMID: 28315049 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-017-0723-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The present review focuses in the hypertension-associated changes in the microbiota and the current insights regarding the impact of probiotics on blood pressure in animal models and in human hypertensive patients. RECENT FINDINGS Gut dysbiosis in hypertension is characterized by (i) the gut microbioma that is less diverse and less rich with an increased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and (ii) a decrease in acetate- and butyrate-producing bacteria and an increase in lactate-producing bacterial populations. The meta-analysis of the human studies supports that supplementation with probiotics reduces blood pressure. The mechanism of this antihypertensive effect of probiotics and its protective effect on endothelial function has not been fully elucidated. Further investigations are needed to clarify if the effects of probiotic bacteria result from the changes in the gut microbiota and its metabolic by-products; the restoration of the gut barrier function; and the effects on endotoxemia, inflammation, and renal sympathetic nerve activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iñaki Robles-Vera
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, CIBER-Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CiberCV), 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Marta Toral
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, CIBER-Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CiberCV), 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel Romero
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, CIBER-Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CiberCV), 18071, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Rosario Jiménez
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, CIBER-Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CiberCV), 18071, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Manuel Sánchez
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, CIBER-Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CiberCV), 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco Pérez-Vizcaíno
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid; CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes) and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Duarte
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, CIBER-Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CiberCV), 18071, Granada, Spain. .,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain.
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24
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Markowiak P, Śliżewska K. Effects of Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Synbiotics on Human Health. Nutrients 2017; 9:E1021. [PMID: 28914794 PMCID: PMC5622781 DOI: 10.3390/nu9091021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1018] [Impact Index Per Article: 145.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The human gastrointestinal tract is colonised by a complex ecosystem of microorganisms. Intestinal bacteria are not only commensal, but they also undergo a synbiotic co-evolution along with their host. Beneficial intestinal bacteria have numerous and important functions, e.g., they produce various nutrients for their host, prevent infections caused by intestinal pathogens, and modulate a normal immunological response. Therefore, modification of the intestinal microbiota in order to achieve, restore, and maintain favourable balance in the ecosystem, and the activity of microorganisms present in the gastrointestinal tract is necessary for the improved health condition of the host. The introduction of probiotics, prebiotics, or synbiotics into human diet is favourable for the intestinal microbiota. They may be consumed in the form of raw vegetables and fruit, fermented pickles, or dairy products. Another source may be pharmaceutical formulas and functional food. This paper provides a review of available information and summarises the current knowledge on the effects of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics on human health. The mechanism of beneficial action of those substances is discussed, and verified study results proving their efficacy in human nutrition are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Markowiak
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Department of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Łódź, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Śliżewska
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Department of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Łódź, Poland.
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