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Polańska O, Szulc N, Stottko R, Olek M, Nadwodna J, Gąsior-Głogowska M, Szefczyk M. Challenges in Peptide Solubilization - Amyloids Case Study. CHEM REC 2024:e202400053. [PMID: 39023378 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202400053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Peptide science has been a rapidly growing research field because of the enormous potential application of these biocompatible and bioactive molecules. However, many factors limit the widespread use of peptides in medicine, and low solubility is among the most common problems that hamper drug development in the early stages of research. Solubility is a crucial, albeit poorly understood, feature that determines peptide behavior. Several different solubility predictors have been proposed, and many strategies and protocols have been reported to dissolve peptides, but none of them is a one-size-fits-all method for solubilization of even the same peptide. In this review, we look for the reasons behind the difficulties in dissolving peptides, analyze the factors influencing peptide aggregation, conduct a critical analysis of solubilization strategies and protocols available in the literature, and give some tips on how to deal with the so-called difficult sequences. We focus on amyloids, which are particularly difficult to dissolve and handle such as amyloid beta (Aβ), insulin, and phenol-soluble modulins (PSMs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliwia Polańska
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Natalia Szulc
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Rafał Stottko
- Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Gdanska 7/9, 50-344, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Mateusz Olek
- Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Traugutta 2, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Julita Nadwodna
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marlena Gąsior-Głogowska
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Monika Szefczyk
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
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Rashid MH, Sen P. Recent Advancements in Biosensors for the Detection and Characterization of Amyloids: A Review. Protein J 2024:10.1007/s10930-024-10205-0. [PMID: 38824466 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-024-10205-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Modern medicine has increased the human lifespan. However, with an increase in average lifespan risk of amyloidosis increases. Amyloidosis is a condition characterized by protein misfolding and aggregation. Early detection of amyloidosis is crucial, yet conventional diagnostic methods are costly and lack precision, necessitating innovative tools. This review explores recent advancements in diverse amyloid detection methodologies, highlighting the need for interdisciplinary research to develop a miniaturized electrochemical biosensor leveraging nanotechnology. However, the diagnostics industry faces obstacles such as skilled labor shortages, standardized selection processes, and concurrent multi-analyte identification challenges. Research efforts are focused on integrating electrochemical techniques into clinical applications and diagnostics, with the successful transition of miniaturized technologies from development to testing posing a significant hurdle. Label-free transduction techniques like voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) have gained traction due to their rapid, cost-effective, and user-friendly nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Harun Rashid
- Centre for Bio Separation Technology (CBST), Technology Tower, Vellore Institute of Technology, VIT University, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Priyankar Sen
- Centre for Bio Separation Technology (CBST), Technology Tower, Vellore Institute of Technology, VIT University, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
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3
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Hanifa Lestari TF, Irkham I, Pratomo U, Gaffar S, Zakiyyah SN, Rahmawati I, Topkaya SN, Hartati YW. Label-free and label-based electrochemical detection of disease biomarker proteins. ADMET AND DMPK 2024; 12:463-486. [PMID: 39091905 PMCID: PMC11289512 DOI: 10.5599/admet.2162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Biosensors, analytical devices integrating biological sensing elements with physicochemical transducers, have gained prominence as rapid and convenient tools for monitoring human health status using biochemical analytes. Due to its cost-effectiveness, simplicity, portability, and user-friendliness, electrochemical detection has emerged as a widely adopted method in biosensor applications. Crucially, biosensors enable early disease diagnosis by detecting protein biomarkers associated with various conditions. These biomarkers offer an objective indication of medical conditions that can be accurately observed from outside the patient. Method This review comprehensively documents both label-free and labelled detection methods in electrochemical biosensor techniques. Label-free detection mechanisms elicit response signals upon analyte molecule binding to the sensor surface, while labelled detection employs molecular labels such as enzymes, nanoparticles, and fluorescent tags. Conclusion The selection between label-free and labelled detection methods depends on various factors, including the biomolecular compound used, analyte type and biological binding site, biosensor design, sample volume, operational costs, analysis time, and desired detection limit. Focusing on the past six years, this review highlights the application of label-free and labelled electrochemical biosensors for detecting protein biomarkers of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Irkham Irkham
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Uji Pratomo
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Shabarni Gaffar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Salma Nur Zakiyyah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Isnaini Rahmawati
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, 16424, Indonesia
| | - Seda Nur Topkaya
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Turkey
| | - Yeni Wahyuni Hartati
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, 45363, Indonesia
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4
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Tufail S, Sherwani MA, Shamim Z, Abdullah, Goh KW, Alomary MN, Ansari MA, Almosa AA, Ming LC, Abdullah ADI, Khan FB, Menhali AA, Mirza S, Ayoub MA. 2D nanostructures: Potential in diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:116070. [PMID: 38163396 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials have garnered enormous attention seemingly due to their unusual architecture and properties. Graphene and graphene oxide based 2D nanomaterials remained the most sought after for several years but the quest to design superior 2D nanomaterials which can find wider application gave rise to development of non-graphene 2D materials as well. Consequently, in addition to graphene based 2D nanomaterials, 2D nanostructures designed using macromolecules (such as DNAs, proteins, peptides and peptoids), transition metal dichalcogenides, transition-metal carbides and/or nitrides (MXene), black phosphorous, chitosan, hexagonal boron nitrides, and graphitic carbon nitride, and covalent organic frameworks have been developed. Interestingly, these 2D nanomaterials have found applications in diagnosis and treatment of various diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although AD is one of the most debilitating neurodegenerative conditions across the globe; unfortunately, there remains a paucity of effective diagnostic and/or therapeutic intervention for it till date. In this scenario, nanomaterial-based biosensors, or therapeutics especially 2D nanostructures are emerging to be promising in this regard. This review summarizes the diagnostic and therapeutic platforms developed for AD using 2D nanostructures. Collectively, it is worth mentioning that these 2D nanomaterials would seemingly provide an alternative and intriguing platform for biomedical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Tufail
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | | | - Zahid Shamim
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Abdullah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Khang Wen Goh
- Faculty Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad N Alomary
- Advanced Diagnostic and Therapeutic Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Azam Ansari
- Department of Epidemic Disease Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdulaziz Abdullah Almosa
- Wellness and Preventive Medicine Institute, King AbdulAziz City of Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City, Malaysia.
| | - Amar Daud Iskandar Abdullah
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City, Malaysia.
| | - Farheen Badrealam Khan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; Department of Biological Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Asma Al Menhali
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Sameer Mirza
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Mohammed Akli Ayoub
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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Ekapakul N, Lerdwiriyanupap T, Siritanon T, Choochottiros C. Double network structure via ionic bond and covalent bond of carboxymethyl chitosan and poly(ethylene glycol): Factors affecting hydrogel formation. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 318:121130. [PMID: 37479459 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
The factors were studied that affect the formation of DN hydrogel, which was prepared using a water-based, environmental-friendly system. The DN hydrogel was designed and prepared based on a cross-linked, polysaccharide-based, polymer carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) via an ionic crosslinking reaction for the first network structure. UV irradiation created a radical crosslinking reaction of poly(ethylene glycol) from a double bond at the chain end for the second network structure. It was found that the optimum hydrogel was produced using 9.5 %v/v of 1000PEGGMA, CMCS 5%w/v, and CaCl2 3%w/v. The results showed the highest percentage of the gel fraction was 87.84 % and the hydrogel was stable based on its rheological properties. Factors affecting the hydrogel formation were the concentration and molecular weight of PEGGMA and the concentrations of CMCS and calcium chloride (CaCl2). The DN hydrogel had bioactivity due to its octacalcium phosphate (OCP) hydroxyapatite crystal form. In addition, the composite DN scaffold with a conductive polymer of chitosan-grafted-polyaniline (CS-g-PANI) had conduction of 2.33 × 10-5 S/cm when the concentration of CS-g-PANI was 3 mg/ml, confirming the semi-conductive nature of the material. All the results indicated that DN hydrogel could be a candidate to apply in tissue-engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natjaya Ekapakul
- Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Tharit Lerdwiriyanupap
- School of Chemistry, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Theeranun Siritanon
- School of Chemistry, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Chantiga Choochottiros
- Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
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6
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Morozova SM, Gevorkian A, Kumacheva E. Design, characterization and applications of nanocolloidal hydrogels. Chem Soc Rev 2023. [PMID: 37464914 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00387f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Nanocolloidal gels (NCGs) are an emerging class of soft matter, in which nanoparticles act as building blocks of the colloidal network. Chemical or physical crosslinking enables NCG synthesis and assembly from a broad range of nanoparticles, polymers, and low-molecular weight molecules. The synergistic properties of NCGs are governed by nanoparticle composition, dimensions and shape, the mechanism of nanoparticle bonding, and the NCG architecture, as well as the nature of molecular crosslinkers. Nanocolloidal gels find applications in soft robotics, bioengineering, optically active coatings and sensors, optoelectronic devices, and absorbents. This review summarizes currently scattered aspects of NCG formation, properties, characterization, and applications. We describe the diversity of NCG building blocks, discuss the mechanisms of NCG formation, review characterization techniques, outline NCG fabrication and processing methods, and highlight most common NCG applications. The review is concluded with the discussion of perspectives in the design and development of NCGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia M Morozova
- N.E. Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 5/1 2-nd Baumanskaya street, 105005, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto, 80 Saint George street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.
| | - Albert Gevorkian
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto, 80 Saint George street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.
| | - Eugenia Kumacheva
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto, 80 Saint George street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry University of Toronto, 200 College street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
- The Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering University of Toronto, 4 Taddle Creek Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
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7
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Li S, Zhang H, Zhu M, Kuang Z, Li X, Xu F, Miao S, Zhang Z, Lou X, Li H, Xia F. Electrochemical Biosensors for Whole Blood Analysis: Recent Progress, Challenges, and Future Perspectives. Chem Rev 2023. [PMID: 37262362 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Whole blood, as one of the most significant biological fluids, provides critical information for health management and disease monitoring. Over the past 10 years, advances in nanotechnology, microfluidics, and biomarker research have spurred the development of powerful miniaturized diagnostic systems for whole blood testing toward the goal of disease monitoring and treatment. Among the techniques employed for whole-blood diagnostics, electrochemical biosensors, as known to be rapid, sensitive, capable of miniaturization, reagentless and washing free, become a class of emerging technology to achieve the target detection specifically and directly in complex media, e.g., whole blood or even in the living body. Here we are aiming to provide a comprehensive review to summarize advances over the past decade in the development of electrochemical sensors for whole blood analysis. Further, we address the remaining challenges and opportunities to integrate electrochemical sensing platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoguang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hongyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Man Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhujun Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Fan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Siyuan Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zishuo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiaoding Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Fan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
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8
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Hsiao WWW, Angela S, Le TN, Ku CC, Hu PS, Chiang WH. Evolution of Detecting Early Onset of Alzheimer's Disease: From Neuroimaging to Optical Immunoassays. J Alzheimers Dis 2023:JAD221202. [PMID: 37125550 DOI: 10.3233/jad-221202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a pathological disorder defined by the symptoms of memory loss and deterioration of cognitive abilities over time. Although the etiology is complex, it is mainly associated with the accumulation of toxic amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) aggregates and tau protein-induced neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). Even now, creating non-invasive, sensitive, specific, and cost-effective diagnostic methods for AD remains challenging. Over the past few decades, polymers, and nanomaterials (e.g., nanodiamonds, nanogold, quantum dots) have become attractive and practical tools in nanomedicine for diagnosis and treatment. This review focuses on current developments in sensing methods such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) to boost the sensitivity in detecting related biomarkers for AD. In addition, optical analysis platforms such as ELISA and SERS have found increasing popularity among researchers due to their excellent sensitivity and specificity, which may go as low as the femtomolar range. While ELISA offers easy technological usage and high throughput, SERS has the advantages of improved mobility, simple electrical equipment integration, and lower cost. Both portable optical sensing techniques are highly superior in terms of sensitivity, specificity, human application, and practicality, enabling the early identification of AD biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley Wei-Wen Hsiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Stefanny Angela
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Trong-Nghia Le
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chi Ku
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Po-Sheng Hu
- College of Photonics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hung Chiang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
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9
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Khan M, Shah LA, Rahman TU, Yoo HM, Ye D, Vacharasin J. Cellulose nanocrystals boosted hydrophobic association in dual network polymer hydrogels as advanced flexible strain sensor for human motion detection. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 138:105610. [PMID: 36509014 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Conductive hydrogels attract the attention of researchers worldwide, especially in the field of flexible sensors like strain and pressure. These flexible materials have potential applications in the field of electronic skin, soft robotics, energy storage, and human motion detection. However, its practical application is limited due to low stretchability, high hysteresis energy, low conductivity, long-range strain sensitivity, and high response time. It's still a challenging job to endow all these properties in a single hydrogel network. In the present work, cellulose nano crystals (CNCs) reinforced hydrophobically associated gels were developed using APS as a source of radical polymerization, acrylamide and lauryl methacrylate were used as a monomer. CNCs reinforced the hydrophobically associated hydrogels through hydrogen bonding to retain the hydrogel's network structure. Hydrogels consist of dual crosslinking, which demonstrate exceptional mechanical performance (fracture stress and strain, toughness, and Young's modulus). The low hysteresis energy (10.9 kJm-3) and high conductivity (22.97 mS/cm) make the hydrogels a strong candidate for strain sensors with high sensitivity (GF = 19.25 at 700% strain) and a fast response time of 200 ms. Cyclic performance was also investigated up to 300 continuous cycles. After 300 cycles, the hydrogels were still stable and no considerable change was observed. These hydrogels are capable of sensing different human motions like wrist, finger bending, and neck (up-down and straight and right/left motion of neck). The hydrogels also demonstrate changes in current in response to swallowing, different speaking words, and writing different alphabets. These results suggest that our prepared materials can sense different small and large human motions, and also could be used in any electronic device where strain sensing is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansoor Khan
- Polymer Laboratory, National Centre of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Luqman Ali Shah
- Polymer Laboratory, National Centre of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan.
| | - Tanzil Ur Rahman
- Polymer Laboratory, National Centre of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Hyeong-Min Yoo
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University of Technology and Education (KOREATECH), Cheonan, 31253, Republic of Korea
| | - Daixin Ye
- Institute for Sustainable Energy, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China.
| | - Janay Vacharasin
- Department of Biology, Francis Marion University, Florence, 29506, United States
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10
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Rouhi N, Akhgari A, Orouji N, Nezami A, Rahimzadegan M, Kamali H. Recent progress in the graphene-based biosensing approaches for the detection of Alzheimer's biomarkers. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 222:115084. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.115084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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11
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Macovei DG, Irimes MB, Hosu O, Cristea C, Tertis M. Point-of-care electrochemical testing of biomarkers involved in inflammatory and inflammatory-associated medical conditions. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 415:1033-1063. [PMID: 36102973 PMCID: PMC9472196 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04320-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent years have shown that the diagnosis and monitoring of biomarkers involved in inflammatory-associated medical conditions such as cancer, neurological disorders, viral infections, or daily physical activities offer real benefits in increasing the quality of medical care and patient life quality. In this context, the use of integrated and portable platforms as point-of-care testing devices for biomedical analysis to enable early disease diagnosis and monitoring, which can be successfully used even at the patient's bed, is an emergency nowadays. The development of low-cost, miniaturized, and portable, user-friendly devices that provide an answer in a timely manner, such as electrochemical sensors, is relevant for the elaboration of point-of-care testing devices. This review focuses on the recent progress in bioanalysis of both specific biomarkers and inflammatory-associated biomarkers present in several diseases like neoplasia, severe neurological disorders, viral infections, and usual physical activity and provides an overview of the state of the art over the most recent electrochemical (bio)sensors for the detection of inflammation-related biomarkers. Future perspectives of point-of-care testing to improve healthcare management are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana-Gabriela Macovei
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 4 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Maria-Bianca Irimes
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 4 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Oana Hosu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 4 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cecilia Cristea
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 4 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihaela Tertis
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 4 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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12
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Abstract
Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized clinically by progressive cognitive decline and pathologically by the β-sheet rich fibril plaque deposition of the amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide in the brain. While plaques are a hallmark of AD, plaque burden is not correlated with cognitive impairment. Instead, Aβ oligomers formed during the aggregation process represent the main agents of neurotoxicity, which occurs 10–20 years before patients begin to show symptoms. These oligomers are dynamic in nature and represented by a heterogeneous distribution of aggregates ranging from low- to high-molecular weight, some of which are toxic while others are not. A major difficulty in determining the pathological mechanism(s) of Aβ, developing reliable diagnostic markers for early-stage detection, as well as effective therapeutics for AD are the differentiation and characterization of oligomers formed throughout disease propagation based on their molecular features, effects on biological function, and relevance to disease propagation and pathology. Thus, it is critical to methodically identify the mechanisms of Aβ aggregation and toxicity, as well as describe the roles of different oligomers and aggregates in disease progression and molecular pathology. Here, we describe a variety of biophysical techniques used to isolate and characterize a range of Aβ oligomer populations, as well as discuss proposed mechanisms of toxicity and therapeutic interventions aimed at specific assemblies formed during the aggregation process. The approaches being used to map the misfolding and aggregation of Aβ are like what was done during the fundamental early studies, mapping protein folding pathways using combinations of biophysical techniques in concert with protein engineering. Such information is critical to the design and molecular engineering of future diagnostics and therapeutics for AD.
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13
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Optimizing and Quantifying Gold Nanospheres Based on LSPR Label-Free Biosensor for Dengue Diagnosis. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14081592. [PMID: 35458342 PMCID: PMC9031946 DOI: 10.3390/polym14081592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) due to light-particle interaction and its dependence on the surrounding medium have been widely manipulated for sensing applications. The sensing efficiency is governed by the refractive index-based sensitivity (ηRIS) and the full width half maximum (FWHM) of the LSPR spectra. Thereby, a sensor with high precision must possess both requisites: an effective ηRIS and a narrow FWHM of plasmon spectrum. Moreover, complex nanostructures are used for molecular sensing applications due to their good ηRIS values but without considering the wide-band nature of the LSPR spectrum, which decreases the detection limit of the plasmonic sensor. In this article, a novel, facile and label-free solution-based LSPR immunosensor was elaborated based upon LSPR features such as extinction spectrum and localized field enhancement. We used a 3D full-wave field analysis to evaluate the optical properties and to optimize the appropriate size of spherical-shaped gold nanoparticles (Au NPs). We found a change in Au NPs' radius from 5 nm to 50 nm, and an increase in spectral resonance peak depicted as a red-shift from 520 nm to 552 nm. Using this fact, important parameters that can be attributed to the LSPR sensor performance, namely the molecular sensitivity, FWHM, ηRIS, and figure of merit (FoM), were evaluated. Moreover, computational simulations were used to assess the optimized size (radius = 30 nm) of Au NPs with high FoM (2.3) and sharp FWHM (44 nm). On the evaluation of the platform as a label-free molecular sensor, Campbell's model was performed, indicating an effective peak shift in the adsorption of the dielectric layer around the Au NP surface. For practical realization, we present an LSPR sensor platform for the identification of dengue NS1 antigens. The results present the system's ability to identify dengue NS1 antigen concentrations with the limit of quantification measured to be 0.07 μg/mL (1.50 nM), evidence that the optimization approach used for the solution-based LSPR sensor provides a new paradigm for engineering immunosensor platforms.
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Negahdary M, Angnes L. Electrochemical nanobiosensors equipped with peptides: a review. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:94. [PMID: 35132460 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05184-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Recent research in the field of electrochemical biosensors equipped with peptides and nanomaterials have been categorized, reviewed, and critically analyzed. Indeed, using these innovative biosensors can revolutionize biomedical diagnostics in the future. Saving lives, time, and money in this field will be considered as some main benefits of this type of diagnosis. Here, these biosensors have been categorized and evaluated in four main sections. In the first section, the focus is on investigating the types of electrochemical peptide-based nanobiosensors applied to detect pathogenic microorganisms, microbial toxins, and viruses. In the second section, due to the importance of rapid diagnosis and prognosis of various cancers, the electrochemical peptide-based nanobiosensors designed to detect cancer biomarkers have been reviewed and analyzed. In the third section, the electrochemical peptide-based nanobiosensors, which were applied to detect the essential and effective biomolecules in the various diseases, and health control, including enzymes, hormones, biomarkers, and other biomolecules, have been considered. Finally, using a comprehensive analysis, all the used elements in these biosensors have been presented as conceptual diagrams that can effectively guide researchers in future developments. The essential factors in evaluating and analyzing these electrochemical peptide-based nanobiosensors such as analyte, peptide sequence, functional groups interacted between the peptide sequences and other biosensing components, the applied nanomaterials, diagnostic techniques, detection range, and limit of detection have also been included. Other analyzable items such as the type of used redox marker and the location of the peptide sequence against the signal transducer were also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Negahdary
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Lúcio Angnes
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil.
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15
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Karaboğa MNS, Sezgintürk MK. Biosensor approaches on the diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases: Sensing the past to the future. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 209:114479. [PMID: 34861607 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Early diagnosis of neurodegeneration-oriented diseases that develop with the aging world is essential for improving the patient's living conditions as well as the treatment of the disease. Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases are prominent examples of neurodegeneration characterized by dementia leading to the death of nerve cells. The clinical diagnosis of these diseases only after the symptoms appear, delays the treatment process. Detection of biomarkers, which are distinctive molecules in biological fluids, involved in neurodegeneration processes, has the potential to allow early diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases. Studies on biosensors, whose main responsibility is to detect the target analyte with high specificity, has gained momentum in recent years with the aim of high detection of potential biomarkers of neurodegeneration process. This study aims to provide an overview of neuro-biosensors developed on the basis of biomarkers identified in biological fluids for the diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Parkinson's disease (PD), and to provide an overview of the urgent needs in this field, emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis in the general lines of the neurodegeneration pathway. In this review, biosensor systems developed for the detection of biomarkers of neurodegenerative diseases, especially in the last 5 years, are discussed.
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16
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Vorobev SV, Yanishevskij SN, Emelin AY, Lebedev AA, Lebedev SP, Makarov YN, Usikov AS, Klotchenko SA, Vasin AV. Prospects for the use of graphene-based biological sensors in the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (review of literature). Klin Lab Diagn 2022; 67:5-12. [PMID: 35077063 DOI: 10.51620/0869-2084-2022-67-1-5-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Among the most significant challenges presented to modern medicine is the problem of cognitive disorders. The relevance of her research is determined by the wide spread of disorders of the higher cortical functions, their significant negative impact on the quality of life of patients, as well as high economic costs on the part of the state and the patient's relatives aimed at organizing medical, diagnostic and rehabilitation processes. The main cause of cognitive impairment in the elderly is Alzheimer's disease. Currently, the criteria for the diagnosis of this nosological form have been developed and are widely used in practice. However, it should be noted that their use is most effective if the patient has a detailed clinical picture, at the stage of dementia. In addition, they provide for the study of biomarkers in a number of cases in the cerebrospinal fluid or using positron emission tomography, which presents certain technical difficulties. Especially significant problems arise in the pre-dement stages. This situation dictates the need to search for new promising diagnostic methods that will have high sensitivity and specificity, as well as the possibility of application in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease, including in outpatient settings. The article provides information about modern methods of computer neuroimaging, discusses the research directions of individual biomarkers, and also shows the prospects for using diagnostic test panels developed on the basis of graphene biosensors, taking into account the latest achievements of nanotechnology and their integration into medical science.
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Affiliation(s)
- S V Vorobev
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre.,Saint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University
| | - S N Yanishevskij
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre.,Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov
| | - A Yu Emelin
- Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov
| | - A A Lebedev
- Saint Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics.,Ioffe Institute
| | | | - Yu N Makarov
- Saint Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics.,Nitride Crystals Group Ltd
| | - A S Usikov
- Saint Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics.,Nitride Crystals Group Ltd
| | | | - A V Vasin
- Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza.,Institute of Biomedical Systems and Biotechnology, Peter the Great Saint-Petersburg Polytechnic University
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17
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Study Design and Baseline Results in a Cohort Study to Identify Predictors for the Clinical Progression to Mild Cognitive Impairment or Dementia From Subjective Cognitive Decline (CoSCo) Study. Dement Neurocogn Disord 2022; 21:147-161. [PMID: 36407288 PMCID: PMC9644060 DOI: 10.12779/dnd.2022.21.4.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) refers to the self-perception of cognitive decline with normal performance on objective neuropsychological tests. SCD, which is the first help-seeking stage and the last stage before the clinical disease stage, can be considered to be the most appropriate time for prevention and treatment. This study aimed to compare characteristics between the amyloid positive and amyloid negative groups of SCD patients. Methods A cohort study to identify predictors for the clinical progression to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia from subjective cognitive decline (CoSCo) study is a multicenter, prospective observational study conducted in the Republic of Korea. In total, 120 people aged 60 years or above who presented with a complaint of persistent cognitive decline were selected, and various risk factors were measured among these participants. Continuous variables were analyzed using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test, and categorical variables were analyzed using the χ2 test or Fisher’s exact test. Logistic regression models were used to assess the predictors of amyloid positivity. Results The multivariate logistic regression model indicated that amyloid positivity on PET was related to a lack of hypertension, atrophy of the left temporal lateral and entorhinal cortex, low body mass index, low waist circumference, less body and visceral fat, fast gait speed, and the presence of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele in amnestic SCD patients. Conclusions The CoSCo study is still in progress, and the authors aim to identify the risk factors that are related to the progression of MCI or dementia in amnestic SCD patients through a two-year follow-up longitudinal study.
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Tao D, Xie C, Fu S, Rong S, Song S, Ye H, Jaffrezic-Renault N, Guo Z. Thionine-functionalized three-dimensional carbon nanomaterial-based aptasensor for analysis of Aβ oligomers in serum. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1183:338990. [PMID: 34627525 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
How to sensitively detect early biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is nowadays, one of the major challenges. In this work, Aβ oligomers (AβO), one of the AD biomarkers, was analyzed using an electrochemical aptasensor, which was prepared based on thionine (Th) - functionalized three - dimensional carbon nanomaterials (reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)) immobilized DNA-aptamer. Th, a positively charged planar aromatic molecule, form many π - π conjugated structures with rGO and MWCNTs, then improving the structural stability, electron transfer and the capacitive properties of Th-rGO-MWCNTs nanocomposites. Under the optimal conditions, differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) current responses decreased with the increase of AβO concentration. The obtained AβO aptasensor presented a wide linear range of 0.0443 pM-443.00 pM and limit of detection (LOD) was 10 fM. Meanwhile, AβO aptasensor displayed remarkable stability and selectivity. It has a great potential for early diagnosis of AD in human real serum samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Tao
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, PR China; Resources and Environmental Engineering College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, PR China
| | - Chang Xie
- School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, PR China
| | - Sinan Fu
- School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, PR China
| | - Shuang Rong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Academy of Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, PR China
| | - Shizhen Song
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, PR China; Resources and Environmental Engineering College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, PR China; School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, PR China
| | - Huarong Ye
- China Resources & Wisco General Hospital, Wuhan, 430080, PR China.
| | - Nicole Jaffrezic-Renault
- University of Lyon, Institute of Analytical Sciences, UMR-CNRS 5280, 5 La Doua Street, Villeurbanne, 69100, France.
| | - Zhenzhong Guo
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, PR China.
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19
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Nah EH, Cho S, Park H, Noh D, Hwang I, Cho HI. Reference interval and the role of plasma oligomeric beta amyloid in screening of risk groups for cognitive dysfunction at health checkups. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e23933. [PMID: 34342379 PMCID: PMC8418474 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) has a prolonged preclinical stage characterized by cognitive dysfunction. Simple, reliable, and noninvasive biomarkers reflecting the pathogenesis of AD are needed for screening cognitive dysfunction in primary health care. The aims of this study were to determine (1) the potential utility of the Multimer Detection System-Oligomeric Amyloid-β (MDS-OAβ) value in cognitive assessments and (2) the reference interval (RI) of plasma MDS-OAβ values in the general population. METHODS This prospective study consecutively recruited 1,594 participants who underwent health checkups including cognitive function examination at 16 health-promotion centers in Korea between December 2020 and January 2021. The inBloodTM OAβ test (PeopleBio, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea) was utilized to quantify MDS-OAβ values in plasma. The reference subjects were obtained among those with normal general cognition on cognitive screening tools. RIs were established according to the CLSI C28-A3 guidelines. RESULTS The median MDS-OAβ value was higher in subjects with Korean Dementia Screening Questionnaire-Cognition (KDSQ-C) scores ≥8 than in those with KDSQ-C scores of 6-7 (P = 0.013). The median MDS-OAβ value was higher in subjects with Mini-Mental State Examination for Dementia Screening (MMSE-DS) scores of 21-26 than in those with MMSE-DS scores ≥27 (P = 0.011). The RI (one-side upper 95th percentile) of the MDS-OAβ value was 0.80 ng/mL (95% confidence interval = 0.78-0.82) in those aged ≥50 years. CONCLUSIONS The plasma MDS-OAβ value reflects cognitive function as assessed using the KDSQ-C and MMSE-DS. RIs obtained from a large and cognitively healthy community-based sample are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Hee Nah
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Health Promotion Research Institute, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seon Cho
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Health Promotion Research Institute, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeran Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Health Promotion Research Institute, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dongwon Noh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Health Promotion Research Institute, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul, Korea
| | - Inhwan Hwang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Health Promotion Research Institute, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul, Korea
| | - Han-Ik Cho
- MEDIcheck LAB, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul, Korea
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20
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Mikuła E. Recent Advancements in Electrochemical Biosensors for Alzheimer's Disease Biomarkers Detection. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:4049-4073. [PMID: 33176635 PMCID: PMC8287894 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666201111141341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background It is estimated that the average time between the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and the patient’s death is 5-9 years. Therefore, both the initial phase of the disease and the preclinical state can be included in the critical period in disease diagnosis. Accordingly, huge progress has recently been observed in biomarker research to identify risk factors for dementia in older people with normal cognitive functions and mild cognitive impairments. Methods Electrochemical biosensors are excellent analytical tools that are used in the detection of AD biomarkers as they are easy to use, portable, and can do analysis in real time. Results This review presents the analytical techniques currently used to determine AD biomarkers in terms of their advantages and disadvantages; the most important clinical biomarkers of AD and their role in the disease. All recently used biorecognition molecules in electrochemical biosensor development, i.e., receptor protein, antibodies, aptamers and nucleic acids, are summarized for the first time. Novel electrochemical biosensors for AD biomarker detection, as ideal analytical platforms for point-of-care diagnostics, are also reviewed. Conclusion The article focuses on various strategies of biosensor chemical surface modifications to immobilize biorecognition molecules, enabling specific, quantitative AD biomarker detection in synthetic and clinical samples. In addition, this is the first review that presents innovative single-platform systems for simultaneous detection of multiple biomarkers and other important AD-associated biological species based on electrochemical techniques. The importance of these platforms in disease diagnosis is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Mikuła
- Department of Biosensors, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
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21
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Talebi M, Esmaeeli H, Talebi M, Farkhondeh T, Samarghandian S. A Concise Overview of Biosensing Technologies for the Detection of Alzheimer's Disease Biomarkers. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2021; 23:634-644. [PMID: 34250871 DOI: 10.2174/2666796702666210709122407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a brain-linked pathophysiological condition with neuronal degeneration, cognition dysfunctions, and other debilitations. Due to the growing prevalence of AD, there is a highly commended tendency to accelerate and develop analytical technologies for easy, cost-effective, and sensitive detection of AD biomarkers. In the last decade, remarkable advancements have been achieved on the gate to the progression of biosensors, predominantly optical and electrochemical, to detect AD biomarkers. Biosensors are commanding analytical devices that can conduct biological responses on transducers into measurable signals. These analytical devices can assist the case finding and management of AD. This review focuses on up-to-date developments, contests, and tendencies regarding AD biosensing principally, emphasizing the exclusive possessions of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Talebi
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran. Iran
| | - Hadi Esmaeeli
- Department of Research & Development, Niak Pharmaceutical Co., Gorgan. Iran
| | - Mohsen Talebi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
| | - Tahereh Farkhondeh
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand. Iran
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur. Iran
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22
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MWCNT-Doped Polypyrrole-Carbon Black Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode for Efficient Electrochemical Sensing of Nitrite Ions. Electrocatalysis (N Y) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12678-021-00675-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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23
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Phan LMT, Cho S. A Multi-Chamber Paper-Based Platform for the Detection of Amyloid β Oligomers 42 via Copper-Enhanced Gold Immunoblotting. Biomolecules 2021; 11:948. [PMID: 34206715 PMCID: PMC8301831 DOI: 10.3390/biom11070948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains a challenge for medical scientists worldwide, leading to a number of research efforts that focus on biosensor development for AD biomarkers. However, the application of these complicated biosensors is limited in medical diagnosis, due to the difficulties in robust sensing platform development, high costs, and the necessity for technical professionals. We successfully developed a robust straightforward manufacturing process for the fabrication of multi-chamber paper devices using the wax printing method and exploited it to detect amyloid beta 42 oligomers (AβO42, a significant biomarker of AD) using copper-enhanced gold nanoprobe colorimetric immunoblotting. Small hydrophilic reaction chambers could concentrate the target sample to the desired size to improve the sensing performance. The copper-enhanced gold nanoprobe immunoblot using the designed multi-chamber platform exhibited a highly sensitive performance with a limit of detection of 320 pg/mL by the naked eye and 23.7 pg/mL by a smartphone camera. This process from sensing manufacture to sensing conduction is simple to perform whenever medical technicians require time- and cost-savings, without complicated instruments or the need for technical professionals, making it feasible to serve as a diagnostic tool worldwide for the early monitoring of AD and scalable devices for the sensing application of various biomarkers in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le-Minh-Tu Phan
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, The University of Danang, Danang 550000, Vietnam
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Sungbo Cho
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea
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Murti BT, Putri AD, Huang YJ, Wei SM, Peng CW, Yang PK. Clinically oriented Alzheimer's biosensors: expanding the horizons towards point-of-care diagnostics and beyond. RSC Adv 2021; 11:20403-20422. [PMID: 35479927 PMCID: PMC9033966 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra01553b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of minimally invasive and easy-to-use sensor devices is of current interest for ultrasensitive detection and signal recognition of Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers. Over the years, tremendous effort has been made on diagnostic platforms specifically targeting neurological markers for AD in order to replace the conventional, laborious, and invasive sampling-based approaches. However, the sophistication of analytical outcomes, marker inaccessibility, and material validity strongly limit the current strategies towards effectively predicting AD. Recently, with the promising progress in biosensor technology, the realization of a clinically applicable sensing platform has become a potential option to enable early diagnosis of AD and other neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, various types of biosensors, which include electrochemical, fluorescent, plasmonic, photoelectrochemical, and field-effect transistor (FET)-based sensor configurations, with better clinical applicability and analytical performance towards AD are highlighted. Moreover, the feasibility of these sensors to achieve point-of-care (POC) diagnosis is also discussed. Furthermore, by grafting nanoscale materials into biosensor architecture, the remarkable enhancement in durability, functionality, and analytical outcome of sensor devices is presented. Finally, future perspectives on further translational and commercialization pathways of clinically driven biosensor devices for AD are discussed and summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bayu Tri Murti
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
- Semarang College of Pharmaceutical Sciences (STIFAR) Semarang City Indonesia
| | - Athika Darumas Putri
- Semarang College of Pharmaceutical Sciences (STIFAR) Semarang City Indonesia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Yi-June Huang
- Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
- International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Shih-Min Wei
- Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
- International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Peng
- International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Po-Kang Yang
- Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
- International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University Chung-li Taiwan
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25
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Youn YC, Lee BS, Kim GJ, Ryu JS, Lim K, Lee R, Suh J, Park YH, Pyun JM, Ryu N, Kang MJ, Kim HR, Kang S, An SSA, Kim S. Blood Amyloid-β Oligomerization as a Biomarker of Alzheimer's Disease: A Blinded Validation Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 75:493-499. [PMID: 32310175 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oligomeric amyloid-β (Aβ) is one of the major contributors to the pathomechanism of Alzheimer's disease (AD); Aβ oligomerization in plasma can be measured using a Multimer Detection System-Oligomeric Aβ (MDS-OAβ) after incubation with spiked synthetic Aβ. OBJECTIVE We evaluated the clinical sensitivity and specificity of the MDS-OAβ values for prediction of AD. METHODS The MDS-OAβ values measured using inBlood™ OAβ test in heparin-treated plasma samples from 52 AD patients in comparison with 52 community-based subjects with normal cognition (NC). The inclusion criterion was proposed by the NINCDS-ADRDA and additionally required at least 6 months of follow-up from the initial clinical diagnosis in the course of AD. RESULTS The MDS-OAβ values were 1.43±0.30 ng/ml in AD and 0.45±0.19 (p < 0.001) in NC, respectively. Using a cut-off value of 0.78 ng/ml, the results revealed 100% sensitivity and 92.31% specificity. CONCLUSION MDS-OAβ to measure plasma Aβ oligomerization is a valuable blood-based biomarker for clinical diagnosis of AD, with high sensitivity and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Chul Youn
- Department of Neurology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Sub Lee
- Research and Development, PeopleBio Inc., Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwang Je Kim
- Research and Development, PeopleBio Inc., Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Sun Ryu
- Research and Development, PeopleBio Inc., Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kuntaek Lim
- Research and Development, PeopleBio Inc., Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ryan Lee
- Research and Development, PeopleBio Inc., Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeewon Suh
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University College of Medicine & Neurocognitive Behavior Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ho Park
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University College of Medicine & Neurocognitive Behavior Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Min Pyun
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University College of Medicine & Neurocognitive Behavior Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Nayoung Ryu
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University College of Medicine & Neurocognitive Behavior Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ju Kang
- Department of Neurology, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Ryoun Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungmin Kang
- Research and Development, PeopleBio Inc., Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Soo A An
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - SangYun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University College of Medicine & Neurocognitive Behavior Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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Wang X, Gu X, Li L, Yu B, Lv L, Chen Q, Xu M. An excellent electrochemical aptasensor for amyloid-β oligomers based on a triple-helix aptamer switch via target-triggered signal transduction DNA displacement events. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:3707-3716. [PMID: 33861355 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03319-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
An excellent aptasensor for electrochemical detection of amyloid-β oligomers (AβOs) at trace levels was fabricated based on a triple-helix aptamer switch (THAS) via target-triggered signal transduction DNA displacement events. Specifically, a single-stranded anti-AβO aptamer (Apt) carrying two symmetrical arm segments was first attached via Au-S binding to an Au electrode. Gold nanoparticle (GNP)-tagged signal transduction probes (GNP-STPs) were simultaneously hybridized with the two arm segments of the Apt, and a rigid THAS was formed on the Au electrode. Compared to the conventional hybrid, the number of GNPs on the Au electrode increased significantly with the THAS, effectively improving the stability of the Apt to avoid lodging. Trithiocyanuric acid (TA) was utilized to further gather the GNPs and form network-like TA/GNPs. As a result, the differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) response of GNPs was clearly enhanced. When AβOs were present, target-triggered signal transduction DNA displacement events were carried out from THAS via the reaction of the Apt with the AβOs, which caused the GNP-STP to dissociate from the Au electrode, and thus a significant reduction in the DPV response was observed. The assay was able to sensitively detect trace AβOs by monitoring the AβO-controlled DPV response change. It exhibited a wide linear range from 1 fM to 10 pM with a low detection limit of 0.5 fM, and was successfully employed for the determination of AβOs in 20 serum samples, with good recovery. Moreover, the developed assay can provide a sensitive and selective platform for many studies or investigations related to Alzheimer's disease (AD) monitoring and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Xuan Gu
- Key Laboratory of the Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Linyu Li
- Key Laboratory of the Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Bingjia Yu
- Key Laboratory of the Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Liangrui Lv
- Key Laboratory of the Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Qingqing Chen
- Key Laboratory of the Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Mingming Xu
- Key Laboratory of the Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
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Phan LMT, Vo TAT, Hoang TX, Cho S. Graphene Integrated Hydrogels Based Biomaterials in Photothermal Biomedicine. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:906. [PMID: 33918204 PMCID: PMC8065877 DOI: 10.3390/nano11040906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recently, photothermal therapy (PTT) has emerged as one of the most promising biomedical strategies for different areas in the biomedical field owing to its superior advantages, such as being noninvasive, target-specific and having fewer side effects. Graphene-based hydrogels (GGels), which have excellent mechanical and optical properties, high light-to-heat conversion efficiency and good biocompatibility, have been intensively exploited as potential photothermal conversion materials. This comprehensive review summarizes the current development of graphene-integrated hydrogel composites and their application in photothermal biomedicine. The latest advances in the synthesis strategies, unique properties and potential applications of photothermal-responsive GGel nanocomposites in biomedical fields are introduced in detail. This review aims to provide a better understanding of the current progress in GGel material fabrication, photothermal properties and potential PTT-based biomedical applications, thereby aiding in more research efforts to facilitate the further advancement of photothermal biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Minh Tu Phan
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Korea
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, The University of Danang, Danang 550000, Vietnam
| | - Thuy Anh Thu Vo
- Department of Life Science, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Korea; (T.A.T.V.); (T.X.H.)
| | - Thi Xoan Hoang
- Department of Life Science, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Korea; (T.A.T.V.); (T.X.H.)
| | - Sungbo Cho
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea
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28
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Qiu Z, Shen Q, Jiang C, Yao L, Sun X, Li J, Duan C, Li R, Li X, Gopinath SCB, Anbu P, Lakshmipriya T, Li X. Alzheimer's Disease Determination by a Dual Probe on Gold Nanourchins and Nanohorn Hybrids. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:2311-2322. [PMID: 33776435 PMCID: PMC7989959 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s302396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative chronic disorder that causes dementia and problems in thinking, cognitive impairment and behavioral changes. Amyloid-beta (Aβ) is a peptide involved in AD progression, and a high level of Aβ is highly correlated with severe AD. Identifying and quantifying Aβ levels helps in the early treatment of AD and reduces the factors associated with AD. Materials and Methods This research introduced a dual probe detection system involving aptamers and antibodies to identify Aβ. Aptamers and antibodies were attached to the gold (Au) urchin and hybrid on the carbon nanohorn-modified surface. The nanohorn was immobilized on the sensor surface by using an amine linker, and then a Au urchin dual probe was immobilized. Results This dual probe-modified surface enhanced the current flow during Aβ detection compared with the surface with antibody as the probe. This dual probe interacted with higher numbers of Aβ peptides and reached the detection limit at 10 fM with R2=0.992. Furthermore, control experiments with nonimmune antibodies, complementary aptamer sequences and control proteins did not display the current responses, indicating the specific detection of Aβ. Conclusion Aβ-spiked artificial cerebrospinal fluid showed a similar response to current changes, confirming the selective identification of Aβ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengguo Qiu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianhe Shen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xi'an GemFlower Changqing Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710200, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Jiang
- The Third Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yao
- Department of Neurology, The Hospital of Xidian Group, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710077, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaopeng Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, People's Republic of China
| | - Chongzhen Duan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712000, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuli Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712000, People's Republic of China
| | - Subash C B Gopinath
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Arau, Perlis, 02600, Malaysia.,Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Kangar, 01000, Malaysia
| | - Periasamy Anbu
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 402-751, Republic of Korea
| | - Thangavel Lakshmipriya
- Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Kangar, 01000, Malaysia
| | - Xu Li
- Department of Surgery and Anesthesiology, Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
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Xu Y, Zhao M, Zhou D, Zheng T, Zhang H. The application of multifunctional nanomaterials in Alzheimer's disease: A potential theranostics strategy. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 137:111360. [PMID: 33582451 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
By virtue of their small size, nanomaterials can cross the blood-brain barrier and, when modified to target specific cells or regions, can achieve high bioavailability at the intended site of action. Modified nanomaterials are therefore promising agents for the diagnosis and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here we review the roles and mechanisms of action of nanomaterials in AD. First, we discuss the general characteristics of nanomaterials and their application to nanomedicine. Then, we summarize recent studies on the diagnosis and treatment of AD using modified nanomaterials. These studies indicate that using nanomaterials is a potential strategy for AD treatment by slowing the progression of AD through enhanced therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilan Xu
- Neurodegeneration and Neuroregeneration Laboratory, Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Manna Zhao
- Neurodegeneration and Neuroregeneration Laboratory, Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dongming Zhou
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tingting Zheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of ZheJiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of TCM, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Neurodegeneration and Neuroregeneration Laboratory, Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, Zhejiang, China.
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Mobed A, Hasanzadeh M. Biosensing: The best alternative for conventional methods in detection of Alzheimer's disease biomarkers. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 161:59-71. [PMID: 32504710 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.05.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Tavakoli J, Wang J, Chuah C, Tang Y. Natural-based Hydrogels: A Journey from Simple to Smart Networks for Medical Examination. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:2704-2733. [PMID: 31418656 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190816125144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Natural hydrogels, due to their unique biological properties, have been used extensively for various medical and clinical examinations that are performed to investigate the signs of disease. Recently, complex-crosslinking strategies improved the mechanical properties and advanced approaches have resulted in the introduction of naturally derived hydrogels that exhibit high biocompatibility, with shape memory and self-healing characteristics. Moreover, the creation of self-assembled natural hydrogels under physiological conditions has provided the opportunity to engineer fine-tuning properties. To highlight recent studies of natural-based hydrogels and their applications for medical investigation, a critical review was undertaken using published papers from the Science Direct database. This review presents different natural-based hydrogels (natural, natural-synthetic hybrid and complex-crosslinked hydrogels), their historical evolution, and recent studies of medical examination applications. The application of natural-based hydrogels in the design and fabrication of biosensors, catheters and medical electrodes, detection of cancer, targeted delivery of imaging compounds (bioimaging) and fabrication of fluorescent bioprobes is summarised here. Without doubt, in future, more useful and practical concepts will be derived to identify natural-based hydrogels for a wide range of clinical examination applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Tavakoli
- Institute of NanoScale Science and Technology, Medical Device Research Institute, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, South Australia 5042, Australia.,School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, 2007 NSW, Australia
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of NanoScale Science and Technology, Medical Device Research Institute, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, South Australia 5042, Australia.,Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Composite Materials of Ministry of Education, Institute of Textile Composite, School of Textile, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Clarence Chuah
- Institute of NanoScale Science and Technology, Medical Device Research Institute, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Youhong Tang
- Institute of NanoScale Science and Technology, Medical Device Research Institute, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, South Australia 5042, Australia
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32
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rGO/ZnO/Nafion nanocomposite as highly sensitive and selective amperometric sensor for detecting nitrite ions (NO2−). J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2020.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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33
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Capturing Amyloid-β Oligomers by Stirring with Microscaled Iron Oxide Stir Bars into Magnetic Plaques to Reduce Cytotoxicity toward Neuronal Cells. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10071284. [PMID: 32629933 PMCID: PMC7407479 DOI: 10.3390/nano10071284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Soluble amyloid-β oligomers (oAβ42)-induced neuronal death and inflammation response has been recognized as one of the major causes of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In this work, a novel strategy adopting silica-coated iron oxide stir bar (MSB)-based AD therapy system via magnetic stirring-induced capture of oAβ42 into magnetic plaques (mpAβ42) and activation of microglia on cellular plaque clearance was developed. With oAβ42 being effectively converted into mpAβ42, the neurotoxicity toward neuronal cells was thus greatly reduced. In addition to the good preservation of neurite outgrowth through the diminished uptake of oAβ42, neurons treated with oAβ42 under magnetic stirring also exhibited comparable neuron-specific protein expression to those in the absence of oAβ42. The phagocytic uptake of mpAβ42 by microglia was enhanced significantly as compared to the counterpart of oAβ42, and the M1 polarization of microglia often occurring after the uptake of oAβ42 restricted to an appreciable extent. As a result, the inflammation induced by pro-inflammatory cytokines was greatly alleviated.
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34
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de Oliveira WF, dos Santos Silva PM, Coelho LCBB, dos Santos Correia MT. Biomarkers, Biosensors and Biomedicine. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:3519-3533. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190124103125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of new biomarkers associated with cancer, neurological and cardiovascular
diseases is necessary, since these are common, recurrent diseases considered as leading causes of
death in the human population. Molecular signatures of these disorders that can be identified at the
outset of their pathogenesis leading to prompt and targeted treatment may increase patient survival.
Cancer is a heterogeneous disease that can be expressed differently among individuals; in addition,
treatments may have a differentiated approach according to the type of malignant neoplasm. Thus,
these neoplastic cells can synthesize and release specific molecules depending on the site where
carcinogenesis begins. Moreover, life expectancy is increasing especially in developed countries,
however, cases of neurodegenerative diseases have grown in the older members of the population.
Commonly, some neurological disorders, which can occur physiologically by the process of senescence,
are confused with Alzheimer's Disease (AD). In addition, cardiovascular diseases are the
main cause of death in the world; studies capable of identifying, through molecular probes, the beginning
of development of an atherosclerotic process can lead to early treatment to avoid an acute
myocardial infarction. Accuracy in the detection of these biomarkers can be obtained through biosensors
whose design has been increasingly studied to elaborate inexpensive sensory platforms capable
of precise detection, even at low concentrations, of the molecule to be measured. The aim of
this review is to address biomarkers to be used in diagnoses instead of invasive exams; biosensors
for the specific and sensitive detection of these biological markers are also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weslley Felix de Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquimica, Centro de Biociencias, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Prakash J, Venkataprasanna KSK, Prema D, Sahabudeen SM, Debashree Banita S, Venkatasubbu GD. Investigation on photo-induced mechanistic activity of GO/TiO2 hybrid nanocomposite against wound pathogens. Toxicol Mech Methods 2020; 30:508-525. [DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2020.1765061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jayabal Prakash
- Department of Nanotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kaatankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Darmalingam Prema
- Department of Nanotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kaatankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sheik Mohideen Sahabudeen
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kaatankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
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Lee JJ, Choi Y, Chung S, Yoon DH, Choi SH, Kang SM, Seo D, Park KI. Association of Plasma Oligomerized Beta Amyloid with Neurocognitive Battery Using Korean Version of Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease in Health Screening Population. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10040237. [PMID: 32326061 PMCID: PMC7236003 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10040237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has become a global phenomenon presenting serious social and health challenges. For detecting early molecular changes in the disease, several techniques to measure varied species of amyloid beta in the peripheral blood have been recently developed, but the efforts to associate them with cognitive assessments have yet to produce sufficient data. We prospectively collected participants from the consecutive population who visited our center for brain health screening. In total, 97 participants (F:M = 58:39) aged 69.4 ± 7.52 were assessed. Participants performed the Korean version of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s disease (CERAD-K), the clinical dementia rating (CDR), plasma oligomeric amyloid-β (OAβ) level tests, routine blood tests, ApoE genotype, and brain MRI. Among total population, 55.7% had a CDR of 0, and 40.2% had a CDR of 0.5. The results showed that word memory and word recall, and the total scores of the CERAD-K were negatively correlated with the plasma OAβ level. With a cut-off value of 0.78 ng/mL for the OAβ level and a −1.5 standard deviation of age/sex/education adjusted norms for the CERAD-K; naming, word memory, word recall, word recognition, and total score were significantly correlated with the OAβ level. No correlation between the OAβ level and mini-mental status examination was found. Our results demonstrate that the level of plasma OAβ was well correlated with the measure of cognitive function through the CERAD-K in the field data collected from consecutive populations. Studies on longitudinal comparisons with large cohorts will further validate the diagnostic value of plasma OAβ as a useful biomarker for screening AD and predicting progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Ju Lee
- Department of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul 01830, Korea;
| | - Youngki Choi
- Research and Development, PeopleBio Inc., Seongnam 13487, Korea; (Y.C.); (S.-M.K.); (D.S.)
| | - Soie Chung
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul 06236, Korea;
| | - Dae Hyun Yoon
- Department of Psychiatrics, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul 06236, Korea;
| | - Seung Ho Choi
- Healthcare Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul 06236, Korea;
| | - Sung-Min Kang
- Research and Development, PeopleBio Inc., Seongnam 13487, Korea; (Y.C.); (S.-M.K.); (D.S.)
| | - David Seo
- Research and Development, PeopleBio Inc., Seongnam 13487, Korea; (Y.C.); (S.-M.K.); (D.S.)
| | - Kyung-Il Park
- Healthcare Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul 06236, Korea;
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul 06236, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2112-5756; Fax: +82-2-2112-5635
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Hu H, Wang L, Xu B, Wang P, Yuan J, Yu Y, Wang Q. Construction of a composite hydrogel of silk sericin via horseradish peroxidase-catalyzed graft polymerization of poly-PEGDMA. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2020; 108:2643-2655. [PMID: 32144891 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Silk sericin (SS), which is one of the main components of Bombyx mori silk fibers, has attracted increasing attentions as functional biomaterials due to its diverse biological activities as well as excellent biocompatibility. However, the poor formability and weak mechanical properties of SS materials severely limit their practical applications in biomedical field. To address this issue, in this study poly(ethylene glycol)dimethacrylate (PEGDMA) modified sericin were prepared by graft polymerization of poly-PEGDMA (pPEGDMA) onto sericin chains in the presence of horseradish peroxidase and hydrogen peroxide under mild condition. The composite hydrogels obtained from the modified SS not only exhibit much improved formability and excellent mechanical properties, but also high possess porosity and swelling ratios up to 63 and 1,250%, respectively, at the optimized formulation. Moreover, the composite hydrogels also reveal sustained drug release behavior and acceptable cytotoxicity, which endow them with vast application as biomaterials. It is envisioned that the method presented in this study would expand the application of SS in biomedical filed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Hu
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiugang Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
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Simulation of an electrically actuated cantilever as a novel biosensor. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3385. [PMID: 32099010 PMCID: PMC7042266 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60296-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, detecting biological particles by analyzing their mechanical properties has attracted increasing attention. To detect and identify different bioparticles and estimate their dimensions, a mechanical nanosensor is introduced in this paper. To attract particles, numerous parts of the substrate are coated with different chemicals as probe detectors or receptors. The principal of cell recognition in this sensor is based on applying an electrical excitation and measuring the maximum deflection of the actuated cantilever electrode. Investigating the critical voltage that causes pull-in instability is also important in such highly-sensitive detectors. The governing equation of motion is derived from Hamilton’s principle. A Galerkin approximation is applied to discretize the nonlinear equation, which is solved numerically. Accuracy of the proposed model is validated by comparison studies with available experimental and theoretical data. The coupled effects of geometrical and mechanical properties are included in this model and studied in detail. Moreover, system identification is carried out to distinguish bioparticles by a stability analysis. Due to the absence of a similar concept and device, this research is expected to advance the state-of-the-art biosystems in identifying particles.
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Niu L, Zhang Y, Shen L, Sheng Q, Fu S, Chen S, Du Y, Chen Y, Liu Y. High Mechanical Performance Based on Physically Linked Double Network (DN) Hydrogels. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 12:E3333. [PMID: 31614876 PMCID: PMC6829525 DOI: 10.3390/ma12203333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
A new design strategy was proposed to improve the mechanical performance of double network (DN) hydrogels by introducing polyhydroxy compounds into the DN structure and form a physically linked double network through the interaction of hydrogen bonding. Herein, agar/poly(acrylic acid)/hydroxyethyl cellulose composite hydrogels could be prepared by a simple one-pot method. The resulting hydrogels exhibit highly mechanical properties and excellent recoverability, which have potential applications in biomedical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Niu
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products, CAF, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Yutao Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Post & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210021, China
| | - Liyu Shen
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Post & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210021, China
| | - Qiuyue Sheng
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Post & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210021, China
| | - Shuai Fu
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Post & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210021, China
| | - Shiyan Chen
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Post & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210021, China
| | - Yun Du
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Ying Chen
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Post & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210021, China.
| | - Yupeng Liu
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products, CAF, Nanjing 210042, China.
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Zhang T, Zhou Y, Su G, Shi D, Gopinath SCB, Lakshmipriya T, Li S. Hydrocephaly Analysis Supported by Computerized Tomography and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2019; 2019:5872347. [PMID: 31662948 PMCID: PMC6791228 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5872347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hydrocephalus is widely known as "hydrocephaly" or "water in the brain," a building up of abnormal cerebrospinal fluid in the brain ventricles. Due to this abnormality, the size of the head becomes larger and increases the pressure in the skull. This pressure compresses the brain and causes damage to the brain. Identification by imaging techniques on the hydrocephalus is mandatory to treat the disease. Various methods and equipment have been used to image the hydrocephalus. Among them, computerized tomography (CT) scan and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) are the most considered methods and gives accurate result of imaging. Apart from imaging, cerebrospinal fluid-based biomarkers are also used to identify the condition of hydrocephalus. This review is discussed on "hydrocephalus" and its imaging captured by CT scan and NMR to support the biomarker analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, No. 105, Jiefang Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong Province 250013, China
| | - Yawei Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province 250013, China
| | - Guohua Su
- Equipment Management Office, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province 250013, China
| | - Dianfeng Shi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province 250013, China
| | - Subash C. B. Gopinath
- School of Bioprocess Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
- Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 01000 Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Thangavel Lakshmipriya
- Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 01000 Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Shujing Li
- Department of Radiology, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, No. 105, Jiefang Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong Province 250013, China
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Abstract
Dementia is an overarching term which describes a group of symptoms that result in long-term decline in cognitive functioning that is significant enough to affect daily function. It is caused by a number of different diseases, the most common of which is Alzheimer's disease. Currently, there are no definitive biomarkers for preclinical or diagnostic use, or which differentiate between underlying disease types. The purpose of this review is to highlight several important areas of research on blood-based biomarkers of dementia, with a specific focus on epigenetic biomarkers. A systematic search of the literature identified 77 studies that compared blood DNA methylation between individuals with dementia and controls and 45 studies that measured microRNA. Very few studies were identified that focused on histone modifications. There were many promising findings from studies in the field of blood-based epigenetic biomarkers of dementia, however, a lack of consistency in study design, technologies, and platforms used for the biomarker measurement, as well as statistical analysis methods, have hampered progress. To date, there are very few findings that have been independently replicated across more than one study, indicating a preponderance of false-positive findings and the field has likely been plagued by positive publication bias. Here, we highlight and discuss several of the limitations of existing studies and provide recommendations for how these could be overcome in future research. A robust framework should be followed to enable development of the most valid and reproducible biomarkers with the strongest clinical utility. Defining a series of biomarkers that may be complimentary to each other could permit a stronger multifactorial biomarker to be developed that would allow for not only accurate dementia diagnosis but preclinical detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter D Fransquet
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University , Melbourne , Australia.,Disease Epigenetics, Murdoch Children's Research Institute , Parkville , Australia
| | - Joanne Ryan
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University , Melbourne , Australia.,Disease Epigenetics, Murdoch Children's Research Institute , Parkville , Australia
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Bi TM, Daggett V. The Role of α-sheet in Amyloid Oligomer Aggregation and Toxicity. THE YALE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2018; 91:247-255. [PMID: 30258312 PMCID: PMC6153628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A major barrier to developing effective treatments and diagnostics for amyloid diseases is the inability of traditional protein structure characterization methods to elucidate the structure of the toxic oligomers that form during amyloidogenesis. Some years ago, our lab "discovered" a novel protein secondary structure in molecular dynamics simulations of multiple unrelated amyloid proteins, which we call α-sheet. We hypothesize that α-sheet plays an important role in amyloid aggregation and oligomer toxicity. De novo monomeric α-sheet peptides designed to be complementary to the structure observed in simulations inhibit amyloid aggregation and toxicity and specifically bind to the toxic oligomeric species in a variety of unrelated mammalian and bacterial amyloid systems associated with a range of diseases. Furthermore, spectroscopic analysis of α-sheet structure, including nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), circular dichroism (CD), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), correspond well to values predicted for α-sheet. These α-sheet designs are now being tested for their ability to detect and neutralize toxic oligomers in animals and in patient samples, demonstrating the potential of this nonstandard secondary structure as a target for therapeutic and diagnostic agents for amyloid diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy M. Bi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Valerie Daggett
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
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