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Tejada-Purizaca TR, Garcia-Chevesich PA, Ticona-Quea J, Martínez G, Martínez K, Morales-Paredes L, Romero-Mariscal G, Arenazas-Rodríguez A, Vanzin G, Sharp JO, McCray JE. Heavy Metal Bioaccumulation in Peruvian Food and Medicinal Products. Foods 2024; 13:762. [PMID: 38472875 DOI: 10.3390/foods13050762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
To better query regional sources of metal(loid) exposure in an under-communicated region, available scientific literature from 50 national universities (undergraduate and graduate theses and dissertations), peer-reviewed journals, and reports published in Spanish and English were synthesized with a focus on metal(loid) bioaccumulation in Peruvian food and medicinal products utilized locally. The study considered 16 metal(loid)s that are known to exert toxic impacts on humans (Hg, Al, Sb, As, Ba, Be, Cd, Cr, Sn, Ni, Ag, Pb, Se, Tl, Ti, and U). A total of 1907 individual analyses contained within 231 scientific publications largely conducted by Peruvian universities were analyzed. These analyses encompassed 239 reported species classified into five main food/medicinal groups-plants, fish, macroinvertebrates and mollusks, mammals, and "others" category. Our benchmark for comparison was the World Health Organization (Codex Alimentarius) standards. The organisms most frequently investigated included plants such as asparagus, corn, cacao, and rice; fish varieties like trout, tuna, and catfish; macroinvertebrates and mollusks including crab and shrimp; mammals such as alpaca, cow, chicken eggs, and milk; and other categories represented by propolis, honey, lichen, and edible frog. Bioaccumulation-related research increased from 2 to more than 25 publications per year between 2006 and 2022. The results indicate that Peruvian food and natural medicinal products can have dangerous levels of metal(loid)s, which can cause health problems for consumers. Many common and uncommon food/medicinal products and harmful metals identified in this analysis are not regulated on the WHO's advisory lists, suggesting the urgent need for stronger regulations to ensure public safety. In general, Cd and Pb are the metals that violated WHO standards the most, although commonly non-WHO regulated metals such as Hg, Al, As, Cr, and Ni are also a concern. Metal concentrations found in Peru are on many occasions much higher than what has been reported elsewhere. We conclude that determining the safety of food/medicinal products is challenging due to varying metal concentrations that are influenced not only by metal type but also geographical location. Given the scarcity of research findings in many regions of Peru, urgent attention is required to address this critical knowledge gap and implement effective regulatory measures to protect public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa R Tejada-Purizaca
- Facultad de Ingeniería de Procesos, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Arequipa 04001, Peru
| | - Pablo A Garcia-Chevesich
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA
- Intergubernamental Hydrological Programme, United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), Montevideo 11200, Uruguay
| | - Juana Ticona-Quea
- Departamento Académico de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Formales, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Arequipa 04001, Peru
| | - Gisella Martínez
- Facultad de Geología, Geofísica y Minas, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Arequipa 04001, Peru
| | - Kattia Martínez
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Formales, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Arequipa 04001, Peru
| | - Lino Morales-Paredes
- Departamento Académico de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Formales, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Arequipa 04001, Peru
| | - Giuliana Romero-Mariscal
- Escuela de Ingeniería Ambiental, Facultad de Ingeniería de Procesos, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Arequipa 04001, Peru
| | - Armando Arenazas-Rodríguez
- Departamento Académico de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Arequipa 04001, Peru
| | - Gary Vanzin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA
| | - Jonathan O Sharp
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA
- Hydrologic Science and Engineering Program, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA
| | - John E McCray
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA
- Hydrologic Science and Engineering Program, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA
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Sharma R, Kumar A. Human health risk assessment and uncertainty analysis of silver nanoparticles in water. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:13739-13752. [PMID: 38265586 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32006-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Despite frequent detection in environmental waters, literature which quantifies the health risk of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) through oral ingestion is scarce. This study compiled literature data to find the removal of Ag NPs from different treatment schemes (i.e., natural, engineered, or hybrid). Ag NP concentrations were found either in surface water or in groundwater based on where the effluent of treatment schemes was discharged, i.e., either in surface water or in groundwater. Monte-Carlo simulation was carried out for probabilistic assessment of health risks for children for two hypothetical exposure scenarios: (a) ingesting river water while swimming and (b) drinking groundwater. Bio-accessible fraction, dietary metal adsorption factor, and concentrations of silver ions were incorporated to simulate realistic situations. Different treatment schemes were ranked for their nanoparticles' removal efficiency with respect to (i) exceedance probability from guideline value and (ii) health risk to children. Hybrid treatment combinations, i.e., conventional primary and secondary treatment units followed by nature-based units (constructed wetlands and soil aquifer treatment), were ranked the best. The health risk value was found to be less than 1, with the 99th percentile value less than 10-3 in all cases. The maximum allowable concentration of Ag NPs was found to be as low as 1.43 mg/L for groundwater, suggesting probable potential for risk. Uncertainty analysis revealed that the uncertainty of the influent NPs concentration in raw wastewater contributes > 99% to the variance of the hazard index. The results of this work indicate that the use of natural treatment technologies with existing engineered treatments provides higher nanoparticle removal from wastewater without the requirement of any tertiary treatment unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhika Sharma
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Arun Kumar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India.
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Gomez-Villalba LS, Salcines C, Fort R. Application of Inorganic Nanomaterials in Cultural Heritage Conservation, Risk of Toxicity, and Preventive Measures. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13091454. [PMID: 37176999 PMCID: PMC10180185 DOI: 10.3390/nano13091454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has allowed for significant progress in architectural, artistic, archaeological, or museum heritage conservation for repairing and preventing damages produced by deterioration agents (weathering, contaminants, or biological actions). This review analyzes the current treatments using nanomaterials, including consolidants, biocides, hydrophobic protectives, mechanical resistance improvers, flame-retardants, and multifunctional nanocomposites. Unfortunately, nanomaterials can affect human and animal health, altering the environment. Right now, it is a priority to stop to analyze its advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, the aims are to raise awareness about the nanotoxicity risks during handling and the subsequent environmental exposure to all those directly or indirectly involved in conservation processes. It reports the human-body interaction mechanisms and provides guidelines for preventing or controlling its toxicity, mentioning the current toxicity research of main compounds and emphasizing the need to provide more information about morphological, structural, and specific features that ultimately contribute to understanding their toxicity. It provides information about the current documents of international organizations (European Commission, NIOSH, OECD, Countries Normative) about worker protection, isolation, laboratory ventilation control, and debris management. Furthermore, it reports the qualitative risk assessment methods, management strategies, dose control, and focus/receptor relationship, besides the latest trends of using nanomaterials in masks and gas emissions control devices, discussing their risk of toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz Stella Gomez-Villalba
- Institute of Geosciences, Spanish National Research Council, Complutense University of Madrid (CSIC, UCM), Calle Dr. Severo Ochoa 7, Planta 4, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ciro Salcines
- Infrastructures Service, Health and Safety Unit, University of Cantabria, Pabellón de Gobierno, Avenida de los Castros 54, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - Rafael Fort
- Institute of Geosciences, Spanish National Research Council, Complutense University of Madrid (CSIC, UCM), Calle Dr. Severo Ochoa 7, Planta 4, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Koivisto AJ, Altin M, Furxhi I, Eliat M, Trabucco S, Blosi M, Lopez de Ipiña J, Belosi F, Costa A. Burden of Disease (BoD) Assessment to Estimate Risk Factors Impact in a Real Nanomanufacturing Scenario. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4089. [PMID: 36432374 PMCID: PMC9696424 DOI: 10.3390/nano12224089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
An industrial nanocoating process air emissions impact on public health was quantified by using the burden of disease (BoD) concept. The health loss was calculated in Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs), which is an absolute metric that enables comparisons of the health impacts of different causes. Here, the health loss was compared with generally accepted risk levels for air pollution. Exposure response functions were not available for Ag nanoform. The health loss for TiO2 nanoform emissions were 0.0006 DALYs per 100,000 persons per year. Moreover, the exposure risk characterization was performed by comparing the ground level air concentrations with framework values. The exposure levels were ca. 3 and 18 times lower than the derived limit values of 0.1 μg-TiO2/m3 and 0.01 μg-Ag/m3 for the general population. The accumulations of TiO2 and Ag nanoforms on the soil top layer were estimated to be up to 85 μg-TiO2/kg and 1.4 μg-Ag/kg which was considered low as compared to measured elemental TiO2 and Ag concentrations. This assessment reveals that the spray coating process air emissions are adequately controlled. This study demonstrated how the BoD concept can be applied to quantify health impacts of nanoform outdoor air emissions from an industrial site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antti Joonas Koivisto
- Air Pollution Management APM, Mattilanmäki 38, 33610 Tampere, Finland
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR), University of Helsinki, PL 64, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- ARCHE Consulting, Liefkensstraat 35D, 9032 Wondelgem, Belgium
| | - Marko Altin
- Witek s.r.l., Via Siena 47, 50142 Firenze, Italy
| | - Irini Furxhi
- Transgero Limited, Cullinagh, Newcastle West, Co. Limerick, V42 V384 Limerick, Ireland
- Department of Accounting and Finance, Kemmy Business School, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
| | - Maxime Eliat
- ARCHE Consulting, Liefkensstraat 35D, 9032 Wondelgem, Belgium
| | - Sara Trabucco
- CNR-ISAC, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, National Research Council of Italy, Via Gobetti, 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Magda Blosi
- ISTEC-CNR, Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, CNR, National Research Council, Via Granarolo 64, 48018 Faenza, Italy
| | - Jesús Lopez de Ipiña
- TECNALIA, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Alava, Leonardo Da Vinci 11, 01510 Miñano, Spain
| | - Franco Belosi
- CNR-ISAC, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, National Research Council of Italy, Via Gobetti, 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Anna Costa
- ISTEC-CNR, Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, CNR, National Research Council, Via Granarolo 64, 48018 Faenza, Italy
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Cheng TM, Chu HY, Huang HM, Li ZL, Chen CY, Shih YJ, Whang-Peng J, Cheng RH, Mo JK, Lin HY, Wang K. Toxicologic Concerns with Current Medical Nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:7597. [PMID: 35886945 PMCID: PMC9322368 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology is one of the scientific advances in technology. Nanoparticles (NPs) are small materials ranging from 1 to 100 nm. When the shape of the supplied nanoparticles changes, the physiological response of the cells can be very different. Several characteristics of NPs such as the composition, surface chemistry, surface charge, and shape are also important parameters affecting the toxicity of nanomaterials. This review covered specific topics that address the effects of NPs on nanomedicine. Furthermore, mechanisms of different types of nanomaterial-induced cytotoxicities were described. The distributions of different NPs in organs and their adverse effects were also emphasized. This review provides insight into the scientific community interested in nano(bio)technology, nanomedicine, and nanotoxicology. The content may also be of interest to a broad range of scientists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsai-Mu Cheng
- Graduate Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (T.-M.C.); (H.-Y.C.)
- Taipei Heart Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Yi Chu
- Graduate Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (T.-M.C.); (H.-Y.C.)
| | - Haw-Ming Huang
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Zi-Lin Li
- Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Medical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (Z.-L.L.); (C.-Y.C.); (Y.-J.S.)
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Chiang-Ying Chen
- Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Medical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (Z.-L.L.); (C.-Y.C.); (Y.-J.S.)
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Ya-Jung Shih
- Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Medical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (Z.-L.L.); (C.-Y.C.); (Y.-J.S.)
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | | | - R. Holland Cheng
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
| | - Ju-Ku Mo
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Hung-Yun Lin
- Cancer Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center of Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Kuan Wang
- Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Medical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (Z.-L.L.); (C.-Y.C.); (Y.-J.S.)
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Lung Models to Evaluate Silver Nanoparticles’ Toxicity and Their Impact on Human Health. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12132316. [PMID: 35808152 PMCID: PMC9268743 DOI: 10.3390/nano12132316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Nanomaterials (NMs) solve specific problems with remarkable results in several industrial and scientific areas. Among NMs, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been extensively employed as drug carriers, medical diagnostics, energy harvesting devices, sensors, lubricants, and bioremediation. Notably, they have shown excellent antimicrobial, anticancer, and antiviral properties in the biomedical field. The literature analysis shows a selective cytotoxic effect on cancer cells compared to healthy cells, making its potential application in cancer treatment evident, increasing the need to study the potential risk of their use to environmental and human health. A large battery of toxicity models, both in vitro and in vivo, have been established to predict the harmful effects of incorporating AgNPs in these numerous areas or those produced due to involuntary exposure. However, these models often report contradictory results due to their lack of standardization, generating controversy and slowing the advances in nanotoxicology research, fundamentally by generalizing the biological response produced by the AgNP formulations. This review summarizes the last ten years’ reports concerning AgNPs’ toxicity in cellular respiratory system models (e.g., mono-culture models, co-cultures, 3D cultures, ex vivo and in vivo). In turn, more complex cellular models represent in a better way the physical and chemical barriers of the body; however, results should be used carefully so as not to be misleading. The main objective of this work is to highlight current models with the highest physiological relevance, identifying the opportunity areas of lung nanotoxicology and contributing to the establishment and strengthening of specific regulations regarding health and the environment.
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Adamska E, Niska K, Wcisło A, Grobelna B. Characterization and Cytotoxicity Comparison of Silver- and Silica-Based Nanostructures. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:4987. [PMID: 34501076 PMCID: PMC8433955 DOI: 10.3390/ma14174987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Core-shell structures are the most common type of composite material nanostructures due to their multifunctional properties. Silver nanoparticles show broad antimicrobial activity, but the safety of their utilization still remains an issue to tackle. In many applications, the silver core is coated with inorganic shell to reduce the metal toxicity. This article presents the synthesis of various materials based on silver and silica nanoparticles, including SiO2@Ag, Ag@SiO2, and sandwich nanostructures-Ag@SiO2@Ag-and the morphology of these nanomaterials based on transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-Vis spectroscopy, and FT-IR spectroscopy. Moreover, we conducted the angle measurements due to the strong relationship between the level of surface wettability and cell adhesion efficiency. The main aim of the study was to determine the cytotoxicity of the obtained materials against two types of human skin cells-keratinocytes (HaCaT) and fibroblasts (HDF). We found that among all the obtained structures, SiO2@Ag and Ag@SiO2 showed the lowest cell toxicity and very high half-maximal inhibitory concentration. Moreover, the measurements of the contact angle showed that Ag@SiO2 nanostructures were different from other materials due to their superhydrophilic nature. The novel approach presented here shows the promise of implementing core-shell type nanomaterials in skin-applied cosmetic or medical products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Adamska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland; (E.A.); (A.W.)
| | - Karolina Niska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Debinki St., 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Anna Wcisło
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland; (E.A.); (A.W.)
| | - Beata Grobelna
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland; (E.A.); (A.W.)
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Parsai T, Kumar A. Setting guidelines for co-occurring nanoparticles in water medium. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 776:145175. [PMID: 33647666 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study developed a framework termed as "mixNanohealthrisk" hereafter, for the first time as per literature review, to provide exposure limit or reference dose for co-occurring nanoparticles (NPs) in water for different regions of the world. The effect of interaction of NPs on (i) NP occurrence in environment and (ii) toxic effects were incorporated for estimating NP exposure dose and associated risks (in terms of risk quotient (RQ) and hazard index (HI). Reference dose (RfD) values for SiO2, CeO2, TiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, CNT, C60, ZnO and CuO NPs were calculated for the first time in this study based on toxicity studies. RfD values for top three risk-posing nanoparticles when co-occurring together were found to be 0.1 mg/kg/d (CuO), 0.12 mg/kg/d (ZnO) and 0.19 mg/kg/d (TiO2). Calculated maximum allowable concentration values for these nanoparticles were found to be 70.8, 84.4 and 136 mg/L for CuO, ZnO and TiO2 NPs. Exposures to nanoparticles aggregate (ZnO NP + CuO NP) in mixture suspension was found to have allowable ZnO and CuO concentration values of 24.7 mg/L and 175.2 mg/L respectively when present as aggregate. Top three regions identified with highest risk quotient were found to be USA followed by Switzerland and whole of Europe. During use of NP-interaction data for estimating risks, Ag, TiO2 and CuO NPs were found to have lowest maximum allowable concentration values. The identified top three risk-posing NPs can be used for conducting toxicity studies for mixture of NPs and long-term monitoring so that it can be used for setting up guideline concentration values for NPs in mixture for water environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanushree Parsai
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
| | - Arun Kumar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India.
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Li J, Chang X, Shang M, Niu S, Zhang W, Zhang B, Huang W, Wu T, Zhang T, Tang M, Xue Y. Mitophagy-lysosomal pathway is involved in silver nanoparticle-induced apoptosis in A549 cells. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111463. [PMID: 33130480 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
With the increasing use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in biological materials, the cytotoxicity caused by these particles has attracted much attention. However, the molecular mechanism underlying AgNP cytotoxicity remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to systematically investigate the toxicity induced by AgNP exposure to the lung adenocarcinoma A549 cell line at the subcellular and signaling pathway levels and elucidate the related molecular mechanism. The survival rate of cells exposed to AgNPs at 0, 20, 40, 80, and 160 μg/mL for 24 or 48 h decreased in a dose- and time-dependent manner. AgNPs induced autophagy and mitophagy, determined by the transmission electron microscopy investigation and upregulation of LC3 II/I, p62, PINK1, and Parkin expression levels. AgNP treatment induced lysosomal injury, including the decline of lysosomal membrane integrity and increase in cathepsin B level. The decreased in mitochondrial membrane potential, along with upregulation of cytochrome c, caspases 9 and 3, and BAX/BCL2, further suggested that mitochondrial injury were involved in AgNP-induced apoptosis. In addition, mitochondrial injury may further lead to excessive production of reactive oxygen species and oxidative/ antioxidant imbalance. The results suggested that AgNPs could regulate autophagy via mitochondrial and lysosome injury in A549 cells. The information of the molecular mechanism will provide an experimental basis for the safe application of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiaoru Chang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Mengting Shang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shuyan Niu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Bangyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wenyan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Tianshu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Meng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuying Xue
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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10
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Parsai T, Kumar A. Tradeoff between risks through ingestion of nanoparticle contaminated water or fish: Human health perspective. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 740:140140. [PMID: 32927548 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study proposed a framework (termed as "nanoHealthRisk" hereafter) for incorporating i) interaction of nanoparticles (NPs) with fishes, ii) availability of NPs to the human digestive system, and iii) estimation of health risk due to fish consumption and inadvertent ingestion of NP-contaminated surface water, for the first time as per the literature review. The framework was applied for estimating health risks due to hypothetical exposures of pristine ZnO, CuO, and TiO2 NPs (without any surface functionalization) from fish tissues. Values of bio- concentration factors (BCF) of ZnO, CuO, and TiO2 NPs in fish and model distributions of bio-assimilation factor of ZnO, CuO and TiO2 NPs in the human digestive system were incorporated explicitly in the risk assessment of NPs for the first time. ZnO NP was observed to be transferred more to the human digestive system from aqueous matrix than the other two NPs. Maximum allowable values of NP posing no risk were found to be 0.115 mg/L, 0.152 mg/L, and 1.77 × 107 mg/L for pristine ZnO, CuO and TiO2 NP, respectively. At the environmental concentration range, exposures of studied NPs from aquatic environment under the assumptions used did not pose any health risk under the conditions studied in this study. More work is required to (1) Estimate bio-concentration factors of a mixture of NPs with other constituents in fish tissues, (2) Estimate dissolution of NP from fish tissue in human digestive media, (3) Generate new data to develop reference dose of NP for human health risk assessment, and (4) Study effect of NP fate in the water on health risk through fish consumption pathway. Until all above-mentioned aspects are not explicitly incorporated in the risk assessment framework, risk estimates do not represent the risk from environment completely. Thus, continuous monitoring of these NPs in the environment is required to protect health due to chronic exposure of small concentrations of NPs from an aqueous matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanushree Parsai
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
| | - Arun Kumar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India.
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Park J, Ham S, Kim S, Jang M, Lee J, Kim S, Park D, Lee K, Kim H, Kim P, Yoon C. Physicochemical characteristics of colloidal nanomaterial suspensions and aerosolized particulates from nano-enabled consumer spray products. INDOOR AIR 2020; 30:925-941. [PMID: 32201992 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Physicochemical properties between colloidal engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) and aerosols released from consumer spray products were characterized. A dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) were used to evaluate the suspended ENMs in the products. Direct-reading instruments, TEM, and ICP-MS were used to characterize the properties of aerosolized ENMs. The aerosolized organic compounds with ENMs were assumed to be vaporized for a short time after spraying. The median diameter of ENMs in product solutions measured by DLS was about 200-350 nm, while individual particle was confirmed from 3 to 50 nm by TEM. The size of aerosolized ENMs was ranged from 7 to 44 nm, and their aggregates were about 100-1000 nm in near distance. Some inorganic substances including raw nanomaterials were also found in the aerosol. The particles released from the propellant sprays were identified in far distance, while they were not found in far distance when pump sprays were used. The number concentration from the propellant sprays increased up to 6000 particles/cm3 /g at near distance and dispersed to far distance, while the most of droplets emitted from pump sprays were settled down near sprayer's location. We found other metals besides labeled ENMs are included in each product and the characteristics of the particles are different when they are sprayed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihoon Park
- Environmental Safety Group, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Europe Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Institute of Health and Environment, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghon Ham
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunju Kim
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Institute of Health and Environment, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Miyeon Jang
- Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinho Lee
- Northern Seoul Regional Office, Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungkyoon Kim
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Institute of Health and Environment, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Donguk Park
- Department of Environmental Health, Korea National Open University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiyoung Lee
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Institute of Health and Environment, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunmi Kim
- Risk Assessment Division, Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Pilje Kim
- Risk Assessment Division, Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chungsik Yoon
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Institute of Health and Environment, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lahiani MH, Gokulan K, Williams K, Khare S. Impact of Pristine Graphene on Intestinal Microbiota Assessed Using a Bioreactor-Rotary Cell Culture System. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:25708-25719. [PMID: 31260263 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b07635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The increased use of graphene in consumer products such as food contact materials requires a thorough understanding of its effects on the gastrointestinal commensal bacterial population. During the first phase of study, three representative commensal bacterial species (L. acidophilus, B. longum, and E. coli) were exposed to different concentrations (1, 10, and 100 μg/mL) of pristine graphene for 3, 6, and 24 h in the Bioreactor Rotary Cell Culture System (BRCCS) which allowed a continuous interaction of intestinal microbiota with the pristine graphene without precipitation of test material. The results showed that pristine graphene had dose-dependent effects on the growth of selective bacteria. To study the interaction of graphene with more diverse consortia of intestinal microbiota, fresh fecal samples from laboratory rats were used. Rat fecal slurry (3%) was maintained in an anaerobic environment and treated with different concentrations (1, 10, and 100 μg/mL) of pristine graphene for 3, 6, and 24 h. Counts of viable aerobic and anaerobic bacteria were assessed and fecal slurries were also collected for microbial population shift analysis using quantitative real-time PCR, as well as 16s rRNA sequencing. The results showed a significant two-fold increase in both aerobic and anaerobic bacterial counts (expressed as colony forming unit; CFU) during the first 3 h of exposure to all pristine graphene concentrations. However, 24 h of continuous exposure resulted in a 120% decrease in the CFU of aerobic bacteria at the highest concentration and the anaerobic bacteria CFU remained unchanged. Multivariate analysis of the q-PCR data showed that the exposure time, as well as the graphene concentrations, impacted the bacterial population abundance. Community analysis of graphene-treated fecal samples by 16S sequencing revealed significant alteration of 15 taxonomic groups, including 9 species. The increased abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria (Clostridium fimetarium, Clostridium hylemona, and Sutterella wadsworthensis) was correlated with an increase of the short-chain fatty acid, butyric acid after exposure to graphene. These results clearly indicate that graphene may cause adverse effects on the intestinal microbiome at the doses equal to 100 μg/mL. Further experiments using ex vivo intestinal explants (nonanimal model) could reveal the mechanisms by which graphene could perturb the microbe-host intestinal mucosa homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed H Lahiani
- Division of Microbiology , National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration , 3900 NCTR Rd , Jefferson , Arkansas 72079 , United States
| | - Kuppan Gokulan
- Division of Microbiology , National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration , 3900 NCTR Rd , Jefferson , Arkansas 72079 , United States
| | - Katherine Williams
- Division of Microbiology , National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration , 3900 NCTR Rd , Jefferson , Arkansas 72079 , United States
| | - Sangeeta Khare
- Division of Microbiology , National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration , 3900 NCTR Rd , Jefferson , Arkansas 72079 , United States
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