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Bessa IA, D’Amato DL, C. Souza AB, Levita DP, Mello CC, da Silva AFM, dos Santos TC, Ronconi CM. Innovating Leishmaniasis Treatment: A Critical Chemist's Review of Inorganic Nanomaterials. ACS Infect Dis 2024; 10:2485-2506. [PMID: 39001837 PMCID: PMC11320585 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.4c00231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis, a critical Neglected Tropical Disease caused by Leishmania protozoa, represents a significant global health risk, particularly in resource-limited regions. Conventional treatments are effective but suffer from serious limitations, such as toxicity, prolonged treatment courses, and rising drug resistance. Herein, we highlight the potential of inorganic nanomaterials as an innovative approach to enhance Leishmaniasis therapy, aligning with the One Health concept by considering these treatments' environmental, veterinary, and public health impacts. By leveraging the adjustable properties of these nanomaterials─including size, shape, and surface charge, tailored treatments for various diseases can be developed that are less harmful to the environment and nontarget species. We review recent advances in metal-, oxide-, and carbon-based nanomaterials for combating Leishmaniasis, examining their mechanisms of action and their dual use as standalone treatments or drug delivery systems. Our analysis highlights a promising yet underexplored frontier in employing these materials for more holistic and effective disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela
A. A. Bessa
- Departamento
de Química Inorgânica, Universidade
Federal Fluminense, Campus do Valonguinho, Niterói, RJ 24020-150, Brazil
| | - Dayenny L. D’Amato
- Departamento
de Química Inorgânica, Universidade
Federal Fluminense, Campus do Valonguinho, Niterói, RJ 24020-150, Brazil
| | - Ana Beatriz C. Souza
- Departamento
de Química Inorgânica, Universidade
Federal Fluminense, Campus do Valonguinho, Niterói, RJ 24020-150, Brazil
| | - Daniel P. Levita
- Departamento
de Química Inorgânica, Universidade
Federal Fluminense, Campus do Valonguinho, Niterói, RJ 24020-150, Brazil
| | - Camille C. Mello
- Departamento
de Química Inorgânica, Universidade
Federal Fluminense, Campus do Valonguinho, Niterói, RJ 24020-150, Brazil
| | - Aline F. M. da Silva
- Departamento
de Química Inorgânica, Universidade
Federal Fluminense, Campus do Valonguinho, Niterói, RJ 24020-150, Brazil
| | - Thiago C. dos Santos
- Instituto
de Química, Universidade Federal
do Rio de Janeiro. Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos 149, CT, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-909, Brazil
| | - Célia M. Ronconi
- Departamento
de Química Inorgânica, Universidade
Federal Fluminense, Campus do Valonguinho, Niterói, RJ 24020-150, Brazil
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2
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Hamdy DA, Ismail MAM, El-Askary HM, Abdel-Baki AAS, Al-Quraishy S, Mohamed F, Ahmed MM, Fouad FM, Hassan AO, Abdel-Tawab H. Green synthesis of zinc oxide/Allium sativum nano-composite and its efficacy against murine cryptosporidiosis. Microsc Res Tech 2024; 87:1912-1925. [PMID: 38558483 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Cryptosporidiosis is a global health problem threats life of immunocompromised patients. Allium sativum (A. sativum) is one of the therapeutic options for cryptosporidiosis. This study develops green synthesized ZnO-NPs based on A. sativum extract, and assesses its therapeutic application in treating experimental cryptosporidiosis in immunosuppressed mice. FTIR, scanning electron microscopy, and zeta analyzer were used for characterization of bio ZnO-NPs. The morphology of prepared materials appeared as sponge with many pores on the whole surface that allows the feasibility of bio ZnO-NPs for different biological activities. Its structural analysis was highly stabilized with negative charge surface which indicated for well distribution into the parasite matrix. Twenty-five immunosuppressed Cryptosporidium parvum infected mice, classified into 5 groups were sacrificed at 21th day after infection with evaluation of parasitological, histopathological, oxidative, and proinflammatory biomarkers. Treated mice groups with 50 and 100 mg/kg of AS/ZnO-NPs showed a highly significant decline (79.9% and 83.23%, respectively) in the total number of expelled oocysts. Both doses revealed actual amelioration of the intestinal, hepatic, and pulmonary histopathological lesions. They also significantly produced an increase in GSH values and improved the changes in NO and MDA levels, and showed high anti-inflammatory properties. This study is the first to report green synthesis of ZnO/A. sativum nano-composite as an effective therapy in treating cryptosporidiosis which gave better results than using A. sativum alone. It provides an economical and environment-friendly approach towards novel delivery synthesis for antiparasitic applications. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Green synthesis of ZnO-NPs was developed using A. sativum extract. The morphology of prepared ZnO-NPs appeared as sponge with many pores on SEM The study evaluates its therapeutic efficacy against murine cryptosporidiosis The green synthesized ZnO-NPs significantly reduced percent of oocyst shedding, improved the pathological changes, and showed high antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa A Hamdy
- Department of Medical Parasitology, College of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Mousa A M Ismail
- Department of Medical Parasitology, College of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hala M El-Askary
- Department of Medical Parasitology, College of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | | | - Saleh Al-Quraishy
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatma Mohamed
- Nanophotonics and Applications (NPA) Lab, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
- Materials Science Lab, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Marwa M Ahmed
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Fatma M Fouad
- Department of Medical Parasitology, College of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Ahmed O Hassan
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Heba Abdel-Tawab
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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3
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Syed S, Islam A, Shabeer M, Nadhman A, Ahmad F, Irfan N, Mehwish S, Khan A. Biomedical Applications of Green Synthesized Zinc Oxide and Magnesium-Doped Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Aqueous Extract of Ziziphus Oxyphylla Leaves. IEEE Trans Nanobioscience 2024; 23:418-427. [PMID: 38446646 DOI: 10.1109/tnb.2024.3373777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Zinc oxide (ZnO) and magnesium-doped zinc oxide (Mg-doped ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized using Ziziphus oxyphylla 's aqueous leaf extract as reducing agent. UV-Vis absorption peaks at 324 nm and 335 nm were indicative of ZnO and Mg-doped ZnO, respectively. FTIR absorption bands observed at 3238, 1043, 1400, 1401, 2186 and 2320 cm -1 suggested the presence of phenols, alcohols, saturated hydrocarbons, and possibly alkynes. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy revealed pure, spherical and agglomerated NPs with average size of 35.9 nm (ZnO) and 56.8 nm (Mg-doped ZnO). Both NPs remained active against all bacterial strains with the highest inhibition zones observed against Proteus vulgaris (21.16±1.25 mm for ZnO and 24.1±0.76 mm for Mg-doped ZnO. EtBr fluorescence (cartwheel assay) indicated efflux pump blockage, suggesting its facilitation in the bacterial growth inhibition. Antioxidant potential, determined via DPPH radical scavenging assay, revealed stronger antioxidant potential for Mg-doped ZnO (IC [Formula: see text]/mL) than pure ZnO (IC [Formula: see text]/mL). Furthermore, both NPs showed antileishmanial activity against Leishmania tropica promastigotes (IC [Formula: see text]/mL for Mg-doped ZnO and 64.34±6.56 for ZnO), while neither NP exhibited significant hemolysis, indicating biocompatibility and further assessment for their drugability.
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4
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Oliveira JMD, Silva DPD, Floresta LRDS, Rocha GG, Almeida LID, Dias EH, Lima TKD, Marinho JZ, Lima MMD, Valer FB, Oliveira FD, Rocha TL, Alvino V, Anhezini L, Silva ACA. Tuning Biocompatibility and Bactericidal Efficacy as a Function of Doping of Gold in ZnO Nanocrystals. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:21904-21916. [PMID: 38799310 PMCID: PMC11112696 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Doping nanoparticles represents a strategy for modulating the energy levels and surface states of nanocrystals (NCs), thereby enhancing their efficiency and mitigating toxicity. Thus, we herein focus on the successful synthesis of pure and gold (Au)-doped zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals (NCs), investigating their physical-chemical properties and evaluating their applicability and toxicity through in vitro and in vivo assessments. The optical, structural, and photocatalytic characteristics of these NCs were scrutinized by using optical absorption (OA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and methylene blue degradation, respectively. The formation and doping of the NCs were corroborated by the XRD and OA results. While the introduction of Au as a dopant did induce changes in the phase and size of ZnO, a high concentration of Au ions in ZnO led to a reduction in their photocatalytic activity. This demonstrated a restricted antibacterial efficacy against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. Remarkably, Au-doped counterparts exhibited enhanced biocompatibility in comparison to ZnO, as evidenced in both in vitro (murine macrophage cells) and in vivo (Drosophila melanogaster) studies. Furthermore, confocal microscopy images showed a high luminescence of Au-doped ZnO NCs in vivo. Thus, this study underscores the potential of Au doping of ZnO NCs as a promising technique to enhance material properties and increase biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerusa Maria de Oliveira
- Strategic
Materials Laboratory, Physics Institute,
Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, CEP: 57072-900 Alagoas, Brazil
- Laboratory
of in vivo Toxicity Analysis, Institute of Biological Sciences and
Health, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió 57072-970, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Davi P. da Silva
- Strategic
Materials Laboratory, Physics Institute,
Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, CEP: 57072-900 Alagoas, Brazil
- Rede
Nordeste de Biotecnologia (RENORBIO), Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió 57072-900, Alagoas, Brazil
- Laboratory
of Wound Treatment Research, Institute of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió 57072-970, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Luciana Rosa de S. Floresta
- Strategic
Materials Laboratory, Physics Institute,
Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, CEP: 57072-900 Alagoas, Brazil
- Laboratory
of in vivo Toxicity Analysis, Institute of Biological Sciences and
Health, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió 57072-970, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Gustavo G. Rocha
- Strategic
Materials Laboratory, Physics Institute,
Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, CEP: 57072-900 Alagoas, Brazil
- Department
of Medicine, Biotechnology Institute, Federal
University of Catalão, Catalão 75705-220, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Larissa Iolanda
Moreira de Almeida
- Strategic
Materials Laboratory, Physics Institute,
Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, CEP: 57072-900 Alagoas, Brazil
- Laboratory
of in vivo Toxicity Analysis, Institute of Biological Sciences and
Health, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió 57072-970, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Edigar Henrique
V. Dias
- Department
of Medicine, Biotechnology Institute, Federal
University of Catalão, Catalão 75705-220, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Thaís Karine de Lima
- Institute
of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia 38400-902, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Juliane Z. Marinho
- Institute
of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia 38400-902, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marylu M. de Lima
- Department
of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão
Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 05508-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Felipe B. Valer
- Department
of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão
Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 05508-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fábio de Oliveira
- Laboratory
of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Institute
of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia 38408-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Thiago L. Rocha
- Laboratory
of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University
of Goiás, Goiânia 74605-050, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Valter Alvino
- Laboratory
of Wound Treatment Research, Institute of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió 57072-970, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Lucas Anhezini
- Laboratory
of in vivo Toxicity Analysis, Institute of Biological Sciences and
Health, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió 57072-970, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Anielle Christine A. Silva
- Strategic
Materials Laboratory, Physics Institute,
Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, CEP: 57072-900 Alagoas, Brazil
- Rede
Nordeste de Biotecnologia (RENORBIO), Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió 57072-900, Alagoas, Brazil
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5
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Guerra RO, do Carmo Neto JR, da Silva PEF, Franco PIR, Barbosa RM, de Albuquerque Martins T, Costa-Madeira J, de Assunção TSF, de Oliveira CJF, Machado JR, Silva Teixeira LDA, Rodrigues WF, Júnior VR, Silva ACA, da Silva MV. Metallic nanoparticles and treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis: A systematic review. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 83:127404. [PMID: 38364464 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cutaneous leishmaniasis (LC) is an infectious vector-borne disease caused by parasites belonging to the genus Leishmania. Metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been investigated as alternatives for the treatment of LC owing to their small size and high surface area. Here, we aimed to evaluate the effect of MNPs in the treatment of LC through experimental, in vitro and in vivo investigations. METHODS The databases used were MEDLINE/ PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Science Direct. Manual searches of the reference lists of the included studies and grey literature were also performed. English language and experimental in vitro and in vivo studies using different Leishmania species, both related to MNP treatment, were included. This study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021248245). RESULTS A total of 93 articles were included. Silver nanoparticles are the most studied MNPs, and L. tropica is the most studied species. Among the mechanisms of action of MNPs in vitro, we highlight the production of reactive oxygen species, direct contact of MNPs with the biomolecules of the parasite, and release of metal ions. CONCLUSION MNPs may be considered a promising alternative for the treatment of LC, but further studies are needed to define their efficacy and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhanoica Oliveira Guerra
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - José Rodrigues do Carmo Neto
- Department of Bioscience and Technology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiania, Goiás, Brazil.
| | - Priscilla Elias Ferreira da Silva
- Post Graduation Course of Tropical Medicine and Infectology, Institute of Healthy Science´s, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Pablo Igor Ribeiro Franco
- Department of Bioscience and Technology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiania, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Miranda Barbosa
- Department of Basic and Applied Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Tarcísio de Albuquerque Martins
- Post-Graduation Course of Healthy Science, Institute of Healthy Science, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Juliana Costa-Madeira
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Thais Soares Farnesi de Assunção
- Post Graduation Course of Tropical Medicine and Infectology, Institute of Healthy Science´s, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Juliana Reis Machado
- Department of General Pathology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luciana de Almeida Silva Teixeira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Healthy Science, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Wellington Francisco Rodrigues
- Post-Graduation Course of Healthy Science, Institute of Healthy Science, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Virmondes Rodrigues Júnior
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Brazil
| | - Anielle Christine Almeida Silva
- Laboratory of New Nanostructured and Functional Materials, Physics Institute, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Marcos Vinicius da Silva
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Brazil.
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6
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Ali SB, Mohamed AS, Fahmy SR, El-Garhy M, Mousa MR, Abdel-Ghaffar F. Anthelmintic and Hepatoprotective Activities of the Green-Synthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Against Parascaris equorum Infection in Rats. Acta Parasitol 2024; 69:283-301. [PMID: 38057445 PMCID: PMC11001740 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-023-00728-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSIONS Green-synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticle is a promising treatment modality against parasitic infection through its powerful anthelmintic, antioxidant, healing promotion, and anti-inflammation effects. BACKGROUND Nanoparticles have many properties, depending on their size, shape, and morphology, allowing them to interact with microorganisms, plants, and animals. OBJECTIVES Investigation of the therapeutic effects of green-synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on Parascaris equorum infection in rats. METHODS Thirty-six rats were divided into two divisions: the first division is noninfected groups were allocated into three groups. Group 1: Control, group 2: ZnO NPs (30 mg/kg), and group 3: ZnO NPs (60 mg/kg). The second division is infected groups were allocated into three groups. Group 1: vehicle, group 2: ZnO NPs (30 mg/kg), and group 3: ZnO NPs (60 mg/kg). FINDINGS Ten days post-infection, two larvae per gram of liver tissue were present in the vehicle group compared to the control group. No larvae were recovered from ZnO NPs (30 mg/kg), and one larva/g.tissue from ZnO NPs (60 mg/kg)-treated groups compared to untreated infected animals. Green-synthesized ZnO NPs caused a significant decrease in liver functions, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), cholesterol, triglycerides, malondialdehyde (MDA), and nitric oxide (NO). While it caused a significant increase in hemoglobin (HB), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), butyrylcholinesterase (BCHE), glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in infected treated rats. The histological inflammation and fibroplasia scores showed a significant enhancement during the treatment with ZnO NPs (30, 60 mg/kg) compared to the infected untreated animals that scored the highest pathological destruction score. Immunohistochemical markers of NF-κB showed a significant decrease during the treatment with ZnO NPs (30, 60 mg/kg) compared to the infected untreated animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Bayoumi Ali
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| | | | - Sohair R Fahmy
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Manal El-Garhy
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed R Mousa
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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7
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Pei X, Tang S, Jiang H, Zhang W, Xu G, Zuo Z, Ren Z, Chen C, Shen Y, Li C, Li D. Paeoniflorin recued hepatotoxicity under zinc oxide nanoparticles exposure via regulation on gut-liver axis and reversal of pyroptosis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 904:166885. [PMID: 37678520 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
The risks of Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) applications in biological medicine, food processing industry, agricultural production and the biotoxicity brought by environmental invasion of ZnO NPs both gradually troubled the public due to the lack of research on detoxification strategies. TFEB-regulated autophagy-pyroptosis pathways were found as the crux of the hepatotoxicity induced by ZnO NPs in our latest study. Here, our study served as a connecting link between preceding toxic target and the following protection mechanism of Paeoniflorin (PF). According to a combined analysis of network pharmacology/molecular docking-intestinal microbiota-metabolomics first developed in our study, PF alleviated the hepatotoxicity of ZnO NPs from multiple aspects. The hepatic inflammatory injury and hepatocyte pyroptosis in mice liver exposed to ZnO NPs was significantly inhibited by PF. And the intestinal microbiota disorder and liver metabolic disturbance were rescued. The targets predicted by bioinformatics and the signal trend in subacute toxicological model exhibited the protectiveness of PF related to the SIRT1-mTOR-TFEB pathway. These evidences clarified multiple protective mechanisms of PF which provided a novel detoxification approach against ZnO NPs, and further provided a strategy for the medicinal value development of PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyao Pei
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Jinjing Road No.22, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300392, China; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road No.2, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shusheng Tang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road No.2, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Haiyang Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road No.2, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Jinjing Road No.22, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300392, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Jinjing Road No.22, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300392, China
| | - Zonghui Zuo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Jinjing Road No.22, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300392, China
| | - Zhenhui Ren
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Jinjing Road No.22, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300392, China
| | - Chun Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Jinjing Road No.22, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300392, China
| | - Yao Shen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Jinjing Road No.22, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300392, China
| | - Cun Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Jinjing Road No.22, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300392, China
| | - Daowen Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Jinjing Road No.22, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300392, China; State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, Tongyan Road No.38, Tianjin 300353, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biological Feed Additive Enterprise, S&E Burgeoning Biotechnology (Tianjin) Co., Ltd, Tianjin 300383, China.
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8
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Hamdy DA, Ismail MAM, El-Askary HM, Abdel-Tawab H, Ahmed MM, Fouad FM, Mohamed F. Newly fabricated zinc oxide nanoparticles loaded materials for therapeutic nano delivery in experimental cryptosporidiosis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19650. [PMID: 37949873 PMCID: PMC10638360 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46260-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cryptosporidiosis is a global health problem that threatens the lives of immunocompromised patients. This study targets to fabricate and investigate the efficiency of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs), nitazoxanide (NTZ)-loaded ZnO-NPs, and Allium sativum (A. sativum)-loaded ZnO-NPs in treating cryptosporidiosis. Further FTIR, SEM, XRD, and zeta analysis were used for the characterization of ZnO-NPs and loaded materials. The morphology of loaded materials for ZnO-NPs changed into wrapped layers and well-distributed homogenous particles, which had a direct effect on the oocyst wall. The charge surface of all particles had a negative sign, which indicated well distribution into the parasite matrix. For anti-cryptosporidiosis efficiency, thirty immunosuppressed Cryptosporidium parvum-infected mice, classified into six groups, were sacrificed on the 21st day after infection with an evaluation of parasitological, histopathological, and oxidative markers. It was detected that the highest reduction percent of Cryptosporidium oocyst shedding was (81.5%) in NTZ, followed by (71.1%) in A. sativum-loaded ZnO-NPs-treated groups. Also, treatment with A. sativum and NTZ-loaded ZnO-NPs revealed remarkable amelioration of the intestinal, hepatic, and pulmonary histopathological lesions. Furthermore, they significantly produced an increase in GSH values and improved the changes in NO and MDA levels. In conclusion, this study is the first to report ZnO-NPs as an effective therapy for treating cryptosporidiosis, especially when combined with other treatments that enhance their antioxidant activity. It provides an economical and environment-friendly approach to novel delivery synthesis for antiparasitic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa A Hamdy
- Department of Medical Parasitology, College of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Mousa A M Ismail
- Department of Medical Parasitology, College of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hala M El-Askary
- Department of Medical Parasitology, College of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Heba Abdel-Tawab
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Marwa M Ahmed
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Fatma M Fouad
- Department of Medical Parasitology, College of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Fatma Mohamed
- Nanophotonics and Applications (NPA) Lab, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62514, Egypt.
- Materials Science Lab, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt.
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9
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Mahanthappa M, Savanur MA, Ramu J, Tatagar A. Elucidating the significance of molecular interaction between sulphur doped zinc oxide nanoparticles and serum albumin using multispectroscopic approach. J Mol Recognit 2023; 36:e3054. [PMID: 37696651 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.3054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Ingenious nanomaterials with improved biocompatibility and multifunctional properties are gaining vital significance in biomedical applications, including advanced drug delivery and nanotheranostics. In a biological system, these nanoparticles interact with serum proteins forming a dynamic corona that affects their biological or toxicological properties producing undesirable effects. Thus, the current study focuses on the synthesis of sulphur-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO/S NPs) and characterizing their mechanism of interaction with serum proteins using multispectroscopic approach. ZnO/S NPs were synthesized by employing a co-precipitation approach and characterized using various analytical techniques. The results of interaction studies demonstrated that ZnO/S NPs interact with serum albumins via the static quenching process. Analysis of thermodynamic parameters (ΔG, ΔH and ΔS) revealed that the binding process is spontaneous, exothermic and van der Waals force or hydrogen bonding plays a major role. The interaction of ZnO/S NPs with tyrosine residue in bovine serum albumin was established by synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy. In addition, the results of UV-visible, circular dichroism, Fourier transform infrared, Forster's resonance energy transfer theory and dynamic light scattering spectroscopic studies revealed that the ZnO/S NPs interact with albumin by inducing the conformational changes in secondary structure and reducing the α-helix content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallappa Mahanthappa
- Department of Chemistry, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bangalore, India
| | - Mohammed Azharuddin Savanur
- Department of Immunology, MIGAL-Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Jagadish Ramu
- Department of Chemistry, Maharani's Science College for Women, Mysore, India
- Department of Chemistry, Government First Grade College, Chikkaballapur, India
| | - Asma Tatagar
- Department of Chemistry, SDM College of Engineering and Technology, Dharwad, India
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10
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Ghasemian Yadegari J, Khudair Khalaf A, Ezzatkhah F, Shakibaie M, Mohammadi HR, Mahmoudvand H. Antileishmanial, cellular mechanisms, and cytotoxic effects of green synthesized zinc nanoparticles alone and in combined with glucantime against Leishmania major infection. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 164:114984. [PMID: 37321058 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We decided to investigate the antileishmanial, cellular mechanisms, and cytotoxic effects of green synthesized Zinc nanoparticles (ZnNPs) alone and combined with glucantime against Leishmania major infection. METHODS The effect of green synthesized ZnNP on L. major amastigote was studied through macrophage cells. The mRNA expression level of iNOS and IFN-γ followed by the exposure of J774-A1 macrophage cells to ZnNPs was assessed by Real-time PCR. The Caspase-3-like activity of promastigotes exposed to ZnNPs was studied. Effects of ZnNPs alone and combined with glucantime (MA) were studied on cutaneous leishmaniasis in BALB/c mice. RESULTS ZnNPs displayed the spherical shape with sizes ranging from 30 to 80 nm. The obtained IC50 values for ZnNPs, MA, and ZnNPs + MA were 43.2, 26.3, and 12.6 µg/mL, respectively; indicating the synergistic effects of ZnNPs in combination with MA. CL lesions had completely improved in the mice received with ZnNPs in combination with MA. The mRNA expression level of iNOS, TNF-α, and IFN-γ was dose-dependently (p < 0.01) upregulated; whereas it was downregulated in IL-10. ZnNPs markedly stimulated the caspase-3 activation with no significant toxicity on normal cells. CONCLUSION Based on these in vitro and in vivo results, green synthesized ZnNPs, mainly along with MA, showed that has the potential to be introduced as a new drug for CL therapy. Triggering of NO production, and inhibition of infectivity rate are revealed as mechanisms of action ZnNPs on L. major. But, supplementary investigations are necessary to clear the efficacy and safety of these agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Ghasemian Yadegari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Ezzatkhah
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Shakibaie
- Pharmaceutical Sciences and Cosmetic Products Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Mohammadi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Hossein Mahmoudvand
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran; Molecular and Cellular Laboratory, School of Allied Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
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11
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Cheraghipour K, Azarhazine M, Zivdari M, Beiranvand M, Shakib P, Rashidipour M, Mardanshah O, Mohaghegh MA, Marzban A. Evaluation of scolicidal potential of salicylate coated zinc nanoparticles against Echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces. Exp Parasitol 2023; 246:108456. [PMID: 36610471 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2022.108456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Echinococcosis is a zoonotic disease caused by larval stages of the Echinococcus genus (metastasis). In this study, salicylate-coated Zinc oxide nanoparticles (SA-ZnO-NPs) were fabricated and characterized by SEM, FTIR and XRD analytical techniques. After that, different doses of SA-ZnO-NPs, SA and ZnO-NPs were taken to assess scolicidal potency. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs were also used to evaluate the morphological deformities of treated protoscoleces. Furthermore, Caspase-3&7 inductions were examined in protoscoleces cysts treated with all formulations. Based on SEM and DLS analyses, the size of SA-ZnO-NPs was between 30 and 40 nm, with a spherical shape. The FTIR spectrum verified the presence of SA functional groups on the ZnO coating. At 20 min, SA-ZnO-NPs at 2000 μg/ml exhibited the greatest activity on protoscolices with 100% mortality, followed by ZnO-NPs at 1500 μg/ml at 10 min and SA alone at 2000 μg/ml at 30 min. The activation of Caspase-3&7 apoptotic enzyme was determined for 2000 μg/ml of SA-ZnO-NPs, ZnO-NPs and SA to be 16.4, 31.4, and 35.7%, respectively. The SEM image revealed apoptogenic alterations and the induction of tegument surface wrinkles, as well as abnormalities in rostellum protoscolices. According to the current study, SA-ZnO-NPs have a high mortality rate against hydatid cyst protoscolices. As a result, further studies on the qualitative assessment of these nanoformulations in vivo and preclinical animal trials seem to be required. Furthermore, the adoption of nano-drugs potentially offers alternative therapeutic approaches to combat hydatid cysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kourosh Cheraghipour
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran; Lorestan Provincial Veterinary Service, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Azarhazine
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Masoomeh Zivdari
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Marjan Beiranvand
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Pegah Shakib
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Marzieh Rashidipour
- Nutritional Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran; Environmental Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Omid Mardanshah
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Mohaghegh
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran; Health Sciences Research Center, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
| | - Abdolrazagh Marzban
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
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12
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Pei X, Jiang H, Li C, Li D, Tang S. Oxidative stress-related canonical pyroptosis pathway, as a target of liver toxicity triggered by zinc oxide nanoparticles. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 442:130039. [PMID: 36166902 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have been widely used in the fields of daily necessities, clinical diagnosis, drug delivery and agricultural production. The improper use of ZnO NPs could pose a risk to ecological environment and public health. Liver has been known as a critical toxic target of ZnO NPs. However, the question whether ZnO NPs lead to hepatocyte death through pyroptosis has not been answered yet, and the effect of oxidative stress on ZnO NPs-induced pyroptosis remains a mystery. We revealed that ZnO NPs disrupted zinc homeostasis and induced oxidative stress impairment in rat liver. Meanwhile, ZnO NPs triggered the assembly of NLRP3-ASC-Caspase-1 inflammatory complex and pyroptosis in both rat liver and HepG2 cells, further causing the activation of GSDMD, promoting the leakage of inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β and IL-18. Importantly, the inhibition of oxidative stress was found to provide protection against pyroptosis in hepatocyte exposed to ZnO NPs. We identified a novel mechanism of liver damage induced by ZnO NPs, demonstrating the activation of canonical Caspase-1-dependent pyroptosis pathway and clarifying the protection of antioxidation against pyroptosis damage. Our discovery provided a support for risk assessment of ZnO NPs and target exploration for clinical treatment related to pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyao Pei
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road No.2, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Haiyang Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road No.2, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Cun Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Jinjing Road No.22, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Daowen Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Jinjing Road No.22, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300384, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biological Feed Additive Enterprise, S&E Burgeoning Biotechnology (Tianjin) Co., Ltd, Tianjin 300383, China; State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, Tongyan Road No. 38, Tianjin 300353, China.
| | - Shusheng Tang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road No.2, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China.
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13
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Jung IG, Jeong JY, Yum SH, Hwang YJ. Inhibitory Effects of Selected Medicinal Plants on Bacterial Growth of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27227780. [PMID: 36431886 PMCID: PMC9693998 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a serious threat to global public health due to its capacity of tolerate conventional antibiotics. Medicinal plants are traditionally used to treat infectious diseases caused by bacterial pathogens. In the present study, 16 medicinal plants were screened for antibacterial activities to preselect more effective species. Ethanol extracts of selected medicinal plants (Caesalpinia sappan L., Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch., Sanguisorba officinalis L., and Uncaria gambir Roxb) were partitioned successively with different solvents (n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, 1-butanol, and water). Disc diffusion assay and broth microdilution were performed to evaluate the antibacterial activities of plant extracts and fractions against Staphylococcus aureus strains. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of the extracts and fractions was determined against the human hepatoma (HepG2) and human lung carcinoma (A549) cell lines using a trypan blue exclusion method. A few extracts and fractions showed significant inhibitory effects on the bacterial growth of all tested strains, including multidrug-resistance (MDR) clinical isolates. The ethyl acetate fraction of C. sappan had the most potent effects with minimum inhibitory/bactericidal concentrations (MIC/MBC) of 31.2/62.5 μg/mL and showed low cytotoxicity with over 90% cell viability in both cells. Our results suggest that medicinal plants have considerable potential as alternatives to conventional antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Geun Jung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea
| | - Jae-Young Jeong
- Department of Health Sciences & Technology, Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea
| | - Seung-Hoon Yum
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea
| | - You-Jin Hwang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea
- Department of Health Sciences & Technology, Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-032-820-4545; Fax: +82-032-820-4449
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14
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Pei X, Jiang H, Xu G, Li C, Li D, Tang S. Lethality of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Surpasses Conventional Zinc Oxide via Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Damage and Calcium Overload: A Comparative Hepatotoxicity Study. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126724. [PMID: 35743165 PMCID: PMC9223789 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) with high bioavailability and excellent physicochemical properties are gradually becoming commonplace as a substitute for conventional ZnO materials. The present study aimed to investigate the hepatotoxicity mechanism of ZnO NPs and traditional non-nano ZnO particles, both in vivo and in vitro, and identify the differences in their toxic effects. The results showed that the extent and conditions of zinc ion release from ZnO NPs were inconsistent with those of ZnO. The RNA-seq results revealed that the expression quantity of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially expressed transcripts (DETs) affected by ZnO NPs was more than in ZnO, and the overall differences in genes or transcripts in the ZnO NPs group were more pronounced than in the ZnO group. Furthermore, the cell inactivation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, and intracellular calcium overload induced by ZnO NPs were more serious than ZnO in HepG2 cells. Moreover, compared with traditional ZnO, the rat liver damage induced by ZnO NPs was more significant, with evidence of higher AST and ALT levels, weaker antioxidant capacity, and more serious histopathological damage (p < 0.05). In summary, the hepatotoxicity of ZnO NPs was more serious than that of conventional ZnO, which is helpful to understand the hepatotoxicity mechanism of Zn compounds in different states and improve the risk assessment of novel nano ZnO products in a variety of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyao Pei
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road No.2, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China; (X.P.); (H.J.)
| | - Haiyang Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road No.2, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China; (X.P.); (H.J.)
| | - Gang Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, Department of Animal Pharmacy, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Jinjing Road No.22, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300384, China; (G.X.); (C.L.)
| | - Cun Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, Department of Animal Pharmacy, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Jinjing Road No.22, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300384, China; (G.X.); (C.L.)
| | - Daowen Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, Department of Animal Pharmacy, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Jinjing Road No.22, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300384, China; (G.X.); (C.L.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biological Feed Additive Enterprise, S&E Burgeoning Biotechnology (Tianjin) Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300383, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, Tongyan Road No.38, Tianjin 300353, China
- Correspondence: (D.L.); (S.T.)
| | - Shusheng Tang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road No.2, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China; (X.P.); (H.J.)
- Correspondence: (D.L.); (S.T.)
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15
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Shakibaie M, Khalaf AK, Rashidipour M, Mahmoudvand H. Effects of green synthesized zinc nanoparticles alone and along with albendazole against hydatid cyst protoscoleces. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2022; 78:103746. [PMID: 35600184 PMCID: PMC9118496 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.103746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The current investigation aims to green synthesized the zinc nanoparticles (ZnNPs) using Lavandula angustifolia extract by microwave technique and its protoscolicidal effects alone and combined with albendazole against hydatid cyst protoscoleces. Methods Different concentrations of the ZnNPs (50, 100, and 200 μg/ml) alone and combined with albendazole (ALZ, 100 μg/ml) were treated with hydatid cyst protoscoleces obtained from liver of infected sheep for 5–60 min in vitro and ex vivo. Eosin exclusion examination was used to assess the viability of protoscoleces. The induction of apoptosis in hydatid cyst protoscoleces was assessed by measurement of the Caspase-3 activity of protoscoleces treated with various concentrations of ZnNPs. Results The size of green synthesized ZnNPs was ranged from 30 to 80 nm, most of these nanoparticles were between 50 and 60 nm in size. In vitro, the highest scolicidal effect of ZnNPs was observed at the concentration of 200 μg/ml, where it killed 81.6% of protoscolices. While the combination of these nanoparticles with ALZ, especially at the concentration of 200 μg/ml, completely killed the protoscolices after 10 min’ exposure. However, compared to in vitro assay, the drugs tested took longer to show their protoscolicidal effect. Conclusion Based on the obtained results, ZnNPs particularly in combination with albendazole displayed the potent protoscolicidal in vitro and ex vivo as an intraperitoneal model of administration of agents to hydatid cyst treatment; nevertheless, additional investigations are mandatory to evaluate the efficacy and safety Zn NPs as a favorable protoscolicidal agent in clinical setting. ZnNPs particularly in combination with albendazole displayed the relevant protoscolicidal in vitro effects. ZnNPs particularly in combination with albendazole displayed the potent protoscolicidal ex vivo effects. ZnNPs induced the apoptosis through the activation of caspase-3 enzyme. Additional investigations are mandatory to evaluate the its efficacy and safety in clinical setting.
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Assolini JP, Carloto ACM, Bortoleti BTDS, Gonçalves MD, Tomiotto Pellissier F, Feuser PE, Cordeiro AP, Hermes de Araújo PH, Sayer C, Miranda Sapla MM, Pavanelli WR. Nanomedicine in leishmaniasis: A promising tool for diagnosis, treatment and prevention of disease - An update overview. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 923:174934. [PMID: 35367420 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease that has a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, ranging from visceral to cutaneous, with millions of new cases and thousands of deaths notified every year. The severity of the disease and its various clinical forms are determined by the species of the causative agent, Leishmania, as well as the host's immune response. Major challenges still exist in the diagnosis and treatment of leishmaniasis, and there is no vaccine available to prevent this disease in humans. Nanotechnology has emerged as a promising tool in a variety of fields. In this review, we highlight the main and most recent advances in nanomedicine to improve the diagnosis and treatment, as well as for the development of vaccines, for leishmaniasis. Nanomaterials are nanometric in size and can be produced by a variety of materials, including lipids, polymers, ceramics, and metals, with varying structures and morphologies. Nanotechnology can be used as biosensors to detect antibodies or antigens, thus improving the sensitivity and specificity of such immunological and molecular diagnostic tests. While in treatment, nanomaterials can act as drug carriers or, be used directly, to reduce any toxic effects of drug compounds to the host and to be more selective towards the parasite. Furthermore, preclinical studies show that different nanomaterials can carry different Leishmania antigens, or even act as adjuvants to improve a Th1 immune response in an attempt to produce an effective vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Paulo Assolini
- Department of Pathological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, PR, Brazil; Universidade Alto Vale do Rio Peixe, Caçador, SC, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | - Paulo Emilio Feuser
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, SC, Brazil
| | - Arthur Poester Cordeiro
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Claudia Sayer
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Wander Rogério Pavanelli
- Department of Pathological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, PR, Brazil.
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Guerra RO, do Carmo Neto JR, de Albuquerque Martins T, Farnesi-de-Assunção TS, Junior VR, de Oliveira CJF, Silva ACA, da Silva MV. Metallic Nanoparticles: A New Frontier in the Fight Against Leishmaniasis. Curr Med Chem 2022; 29:4547-4573. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666220225111052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
Leishmaniasis is a cutaneous, mucocutaneous, or visceral parasitic disease caused by protozoa of the Leishmania genus. According to the World Health Organization, Leishmaniasis causes approximately 20–40 thousand deaths annually, and Brazil, India, and some countries in Africa are the most affected by this neglected disease. In addition to parasite’s ability to evade the host’s immune system, the incidence of vectors, the genetics of different hosts, and the large number of deaths are mainly due to failures in conventional treatments that have high toxicity, low effectiveness, and prolonged therapeutic regimens. Thus, the development of new alternative therapeutics with more effective and safer actions has become one of the main challenges for researchers studying leishmaniasis. Among the many research and tested options, metallic nanoparticles, such as gold, silver, zinc oxide, and titanium dioxide, have been shown to be one of the most promising therapeutic tool because they are easily prepared and chemically modified, have a broad spectrum of action, low toxicity, and can generate reactive oxygen species and other immune responses that favor their use against different species of Leishmania. This review explores the progress of the use of metallic nanoparticles as a new tool in the treatment of leishmaniasis, as well as discusses the gaps in knowledge that need to be addressed to consolidate a safe, effective, and definitive therapeutic intervention against these infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhanoica Oliveira Guerra
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences of Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - José Rodrigues do Carmo Neto
- Department of Bioscience and Technology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, GO, Brazil
| | - Tarcísio de Albuquerque Martins
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences of Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Thaís Soares Farnesi-de-Assunção
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences of Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Virmondes Rodrigues Junior
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences of Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Carlo José Freire de Oliveira
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences of Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Anielle Christine Almeida Silva
- Laboratório de Novos Materiais Nanoestruturados e Funcionais (LNMIS), Physics Institute, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Marcos Vinicius da Silva
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences of Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Saadatmand M, Al-Awsi GRL, Alanazi AD, Sepahvand A, Shakibaie M, Shojaee S, Mohammadi R, Mahmoudvand H. Green synthesis of zinc nanoparticles using Lavandula angustifolia Vera. Extract by microwave method and its prophylactic effects on Toxoplasma gondii infection. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:6454-6460. [PMID: 34764762 PMCID: PMC8568829 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Today, a suitable vaccine has not yet been discovered to prevent Toxoplasma gondii infection. Therefore, prophylaxis can be suggested as the preferred approach to prevent toxoplasmosis. This study aims to evaluate the prophylactic effects of synthesized zinc nanoparticles (ZnNPs) using Lavandula angustifolia Vera., by microwave method on chronic toxoplasmosis in mice. Methods BALB/c Mice orally administrated with ZnNPs the doses of 32.5, 75, 150 mg/kg/day for two weeks. On the 15th day, the mice were intraperitoneally infected with the Tehran strain of T. gondii (25 tissue cysts). The mean diameter and the numbers of brain tissue cysts, as well as the mRNA levels of inducible nitric oxide synthesize (iNOs), and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) in mice of each experimental group were evaluated. Results The synthesized ZnNPs represent a spherical form with a size ranging from 30 to 80 nm. The results revealed that oral administration of Zn NPs at the doses of 32.5 (p < 0.001) and 75 mg/kg/day (p < 0.001) for 14 days significantly reduced the mean number and diameter of the brain tissue cysts in tested mice. No T. gondii tissue cyst was observed after oral administration of Zn NPs at the doses of 150 mg/kg. Based on the results of Real-time PCR analysis, the expression level of IFN-γ and iNOs was significantly increased (p < 0.001) in mice treated with 32.5, 75, 150 mg/kg/day for two weeks. Conclusion The obtained findings of the current investigation exhibit the significant prophylactic effects of ZnNPs against chronic toxoplasmosis in mice; so that oral administration of ZnNPs the doses 32.5, 75, 150 mg/kg reduced the parasite load and even completely controlled the infection in mice. The results show that the ZnNPs had strengthened the innate immune system which could be the reason for its strong prophylactic effects. However, further in vivo and clinical investigations are required to confirm these results as well as other possible mechanisms that can trigger these pharmacological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massumeh Saadatmand
- Student Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | | | - Abdullah D Alanazi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Humanities, Shaqra University, P.O. Box 1040, Ad-Dawadimi 11911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asghar Sepahvand
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Shakibaie
- Pharmaceutical Sciences and Cosmetic Products Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Shojaee
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasool Mohammadi
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Hossein Mahmoudvand
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
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19
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do Carmo Neto JR, Guerra RO, Machado JR, Silva ACA, da Silva MV. Antiprotozoal and anthelmintic activity of zinc oxide nanoparticles. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:2127-2141. [PMID: 34254904 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210709105850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Nanomaterials represent a wide alternative for the treatment of several diseases that affect both human and animal health. The use of these materials mainly involves trying to solve the problem of resistance that pathogenic organisms acquire to conventional drugs. A well-studied example that represents a potential component for biomedical applications is the use of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs). Its antimicrobial function is related, especially the ability to generate/induce ROS that affects the homeostasis of the pathogen in question. Protozoa and helminths that harm human health and the economic performance of animals have already been exposed to this type of nanoparticle. Thus, through this review, our goal is to discuss the state-of-the-art effect of ZnO NPs on these parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Rodrigues do Carmo Neto
- Department of Bioscience and Technology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goias, 74605-450 Goiania, GO, Brazil
| | - Rhanoica Oliveira Guerra
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences of Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Juliana Reis Machado
- Department of General Pathology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Anielle Christine Almeida Silva
- Laboratório de Novos Materiais Nanoestruturados e Funcionais (LNMIS), Physics Institute, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Marcos Vinicius da Silva
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences of Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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20
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Kammona O, Tsanaktsidou E. Nanotechnology-aided diagnosis, treatment and prevention of leishmaniasis. Int J Pharm 2021; 605:120761. [PMID: 34081999 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a prevalent parasitic infection belonging to neglected tropical diseases. It is caused by Leishmania protozoan parasites transmitted by sandflies and it is responsible for increased morbidity/mortality especially in low- and middle-income countries. The lack of cheap, portable, easy to use diagnostic tools exhibiting high efficiency and specificity impede the early diagnosis of the disease. Furthermore, the typical anti-leishmanial agents are cytotoxic, characterized by low patient compliance and require long-term regimen and usually hospitalization. In addition, due to the intracellular nature of the disease, the existing treatments exhibit low bioavailability resulting in low therapeutic efficacy. The above, combined with the common development of resistance against the anti-leishmanial agents, denote the urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies. Furthermore, the lack of effective prophylactic vaccines hinders the control of the disease. The development of nanoparticle-based biosensors and nanocarrier-aided treatment and vaccination strategies could advance the diagnosis, therapy and prevention of leishmaniasis. The present review intends to highlight the various nanotechnology-based approaches pursued until now to improve the detection of Leishmania species in biological samples, decrease the side effects and increase the efficacy of anti-leishmanial drugs, and induce enhanced immune responses, specifically focusing on the outcome of their preclinical and clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Kammona
- Chemical Process and Energy Resources Institute, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, P.O. Box 60361, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Evgenia Tsanaktsidou
- Chemical Process and Energy Resources Institute, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, P.O. Box 60361, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
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21
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Sangenito LS, Rodrigues HD, Santiago SO, Bombaça ACS, Menna-Barreto RFS, Reddy A, Branquinha MH, Velasco-Torrijos T, Santos ALS. In vitro effects of bis(N-[4-(hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-2-pyridinemethamine)zinc perchlorate monohydrate 4 on the physiology and interaction process of Leishmania amazonensis. Parasitol Int 2021; 84:102376. [PMID: 33951539 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2021.102376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is one of the most relevant neglected tropical diseases in the world, affecting 14 million people. Despite the high morbidity, mortality and socio-economic impact, few therapeutic options are available for this disease. To make matters worse, the available molecules have several limitations such as limited efficacy, high cost, side effects and increased resistance. In this context, our group previously synthesized new compounds with anti-leishmania potential being the bis(N-[4-(hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-2-pyridinemethamine)zinc perchlorate monohydrate 4 (complex 4) the most promising one. Therefore, this present work revealed some morphological and physiological changes promoted by complex 4 on Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes as well as it was evidenced its potential against intramacrophage amastigotes. Complex 4 promoted a progressive reduction on the promastigotes size and a remarkable increase on the granularity/complexity as judged by flow cytometry. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis revealed extensive mitochondrial and plasma membrane alterations, although plasma membrane integrity remained. The mitochondrial changes observed by TEM were accompanied by a decrease in the activity of mitochondrial dehydrogenases with increased production of reactive oxygen species. Interestingly, promastigotes also showed changes in lipid metabolism. Besides the very low toxicity to macrophages, complex 4 had a great effect on intramacrophage amastigotes, displaying an IC50 of 3.91 μM. Collectively, the data presented here reinforce the potential of aminopyridyl compounds complexed to zinc against L. amazonensis. Thus, our work serves as a basis for in vivo assays to be designed or even the synthesis of more selective/effective compounds with lower cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro S Sangenito
- Laboratório de Estudos Avançados de Microrganismos Emergentes e Resistentes, Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Hallana D Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Estudos Avançados de Microrganismos Emergentes e Resistentes, Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Simone O Santiago
- Laboratório de Estudos Avançados de Microrganismos Emergentes e Resistentes, Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina S Bombaça
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rubem F S Menna-Barreto
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Andrew Reddy
- Department of Chemistry, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - Marta H Branquinha
- Laboratório de Estudos Avançados de Microrganismos Emergentes e Resistentes, Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Trinidad Velasco-Torrijos
- Department of Chemistry, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland; The Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - André L S Santos
- Laboratório de Estudos Avançados de Microrganismos Emergentes e Resistentes, Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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22
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Eslami N, Fasihi F, Jamalinasab A, Ahrari F. Biocompatibility of several colloidal solutions containing nanoparticles on human gingival fibroblasts. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2021; 18:8. [PMID: 34084295 PMCID: PMC8122689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is little information concerning the biocompatibility of mouthwashes containing metal nanoparticles. This study was conducted to assess the biocompatibility of colloidal solutions containing zinc oxide (ZnO), copper oxide (CuO), titanium dioxide (TiO2), and silver (Ag) nanoparticles compared with chlorhexidine (CHX) in a culture of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). MATERIALS AND METHODS This was an in vitro, experimental study. Nanoparticles, including ZnO, CuO, TiO2, and Ag, were purchased and added to a water-based solution to produce mouthwashes. The colloidal solutions and CHX were prepared at the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguis. Cytotoxicity was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay on HGFs at the concentrations of MIC, 0.1 MIC, and 0.01 MIC. To determine apoptosis, DNA fragmentation was assessed as "sub-G1" peak on DNA content histogram. The data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis at P < 0.05. RESULTS At all concentrations, the highest and lowest mean of cell viability was related to TiO2 and ZnO groups, respectively. At MIC, the mean cell viability was significantly greater in the TiO2 group than the other groups (except the Ag group) (P < 0.05). At the concentration of 0.01 MIC, the mean cell viability in the colloidal solution containing ZnO nanoparticles was significantly lower than the other solutions (P < 0.05). The CHX and CuO-containing solution displayed the highest rate of apoptosis among the groups. CONCLUSION The TiO2-containing solution can be suggested as a suitable alternative to CHX to provide antiseptic effects with minimal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Eslami
- Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Fasihi
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abdollah Jamalinasab
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Ahrari
- Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran,Address for correspondence: Prof. Farzaneh Ahrari, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Vakilabad Blvd, Mashhad, Iran. E-mail: ,
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23
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Ghanem HB. Impact of zinc oxide nanoparticles and thymoquinone in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma induced in mice. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:e22736. [PMID: 33512746 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The field of nanotechnology offers great opportunities for cancer therapy. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare the therapeutic impact of Zn oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and thymoquinone (TQ) alone or as cotherapy in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) induced in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was performed on 75 female albino mice divided into Group I: EAC-bearing control group, Group II: EAC treated with TQ, Group III: EAC treated with low-dose ZnO NPs, Group IV: EAC treated with high-dose ZnO NPs, Group V: EAC treated with TQ and low-dose ZnO NPs. All groups were subjected to measurement of cell viability, ascites fluid volume, Bcl2 protein expression by Western blot analysis, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) gene expression by a real-time polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay levels of Beclin 1, interferon γ (INFγ), interleukin 13 (IL-13), and estimation of Zn concentrations in EAC cells and liver homogenate to evaluate its toxicity. RESULTS Cotherapy has an efficient anticancer effect by enhancing apoptosis and autophagy, resulting in reducing tumor cell viability and ascites fluid volume together with downregulation of Bcl2 protein expression. This cotherapy increases Beclin 1 and INFγ and decreases IL-13. ZnO NPs upregulate COX2 expression, whereas TQ downregulates its expression. High-dose ZnO NPs have more toxic effects on liver enzymes. Using TQ together with ZnO NPs can eliminate ZnO NPs liver toxicity. CONCLUSION The cotherapy has an efficient anticancer effect by enhancing apoptosis and autophagy. High-dose ZnO NPs have more toxic effects on liver enzymes. Using TQ together with ZnO NPs can eliminate ZnO NP liver toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba B Ghanem
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia.,Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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24
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Ahrari F, Eslami N, Fasihi F, Jamalinasab A. Biocompatibility of several colloidal solutions containing nanoparticles on human gingival fibroblasts. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.310037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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25
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Motelica L, Popescu A, Răzvan AG, Oprea O, Truşcă RD, Vasile BS, Dumitru F, Holban AM. Facile Use of ZnO Nanopowders to Protect Old Manual Paper Documents. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13235452. [PMID: 33266076 PMCID: PMC7730434 DOI: 10.3390/ma13235452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
One of the main problems faced by libraries, archives and collectors is the mold degradation of the paper-based documents, books, artworks etc. Microfungi (molds) emerge in regular storage conditions of such items (humidity, usually over 50%, and temperatures under 21 °C). If the removal of the visible mycelium is relatively easy, there is always the problem of the subsequent appearance of mold as the spores remain trapped in the cellulosic, fibrillary texture, which acts as a net. Moreover, due to improper hand hygiene bacteria contamination, old books could represent a source of biohazard, being colonized with human pathogens. An easy and accessible method of decontamination, which could offer long term protection is therefore needed. Here, we present a facile use of the ZnO nanopowders as antimicrobial agents, suitable for cellulose-based products, conferring an extended antibacterial and anti-microfungal effect. The proposed method does not adversely impact on the quality of the cellulose documents and could be efficiently used for biodegradation protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila Motelica
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Material Science, University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (L.M.); (A.-G.R.); (R.-D.T.); (B.-S.V.); (F.D.)
| | - Aurelian Popescu
- Department of Publications Restoration and Preservation, “Carol I” Central University Library, 010292 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Anca-Gabriela Răzvan
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Material Science, University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (L.M.); (A.-G.R.); (R.-D.T.); (B.-S.V.); (F.D.)
| | - Ovidiu Oprea
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Material Science, University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (L.M.); (A.-G.R.); (R.-D.T.); (B.-S.V.); (F.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-02-1402-3986
| | - Roxana-Doina Truşcă
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Material Science, University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (L.M.); (A.-G.R.); (R.-D.T.); (B.-S.V.); (F.D.)
| | - Bogdan-Stefan Vasile
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Material Science, University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (L.M.); (A.-G.R.); (R.-D.T.); (B.-S.V.); (F.D.)
| | - Florina Dumitru
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Material Science, University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (L.M.); (A.-G.R.); (R.-D.T.); (B.-S.V.); (F.D.)
| | - Alina-Maria Holban
- Microbiology & Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 077206 Bucharest, Romania;
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Barbosa Gomes de Carvalho YM, Shanmugam S, Batista MS, Serafini MR, Araújo AADS, Quintans Júnior LJ. Pharmaceutical agents for treatment of leishmaniasis: a patent landscape. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2020; 30:633-641. [PMID: 32602760 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2020.1789100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania. Worldwide, approximately 1.5-2 million new cases of leishmaniasis and 20,000-30,000 deaths occurs each year. Effective treatment for all forms of leishmaniasis have numerous adverse effects contributing to poor adherence and/or treatment interruption by the patient. Development of novel therapies, as multitarget drugs, for example, can contribute to accelerate discover safer, more active, and patient-compliant drugs for leishmaniasis treatment. AREAS COVERED In this review, authors summarize pharmaceutical agents for treatment of leishmaniasis developed between 2014 and 2019, which includes synthetic and natural drugs for specific treatments, as well as considering new approaches and strategies using drug delivery system. EXPERT OPINION Universities or public research institutes produced most of the patents related to pharmaceutical agents for treatment of leishmaniasis in this review, and the majority of the inventions disclosed did not conduct clinical trials. In other words, there is still a lot of investment to be done for the identification of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saravanan Shanmugam
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe , São Cristóvão, Brazil
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