1
|
Aslam Khan MU, Aslam MA, Bin Abdullah MF, Stojanović GM. Current Perspectives of Protein in Bone Tissue Engineering: Bone Structure, Ideal Scaffolds, Fabrication Techniques, Applications, Scopes, and Future Advances. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:5082-5106. [PMID: 39007509 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
In view of their exceptional approach, excellent inherent biocompatibility and biodegradability properties, and interaction with the local extracellular matrix, protein-based polymers have received attention in bone tissue engineering, which is a multidisciplinary field that repairs and regenerates fractured bones. Bone is a multihierarchical complex structure, and it performs several essential biofunctions, including maintaining mineral balance and structural support and protecting soft organs. Protein-based polymers have gained interest in developing ideal scaffolds as emerging biomaterials for bone fractured healing and regeneration, and it is challenging to design ideal bone substitutes as perfect biomaterials. Several protein-based polymers, including collagen, keratin, gelatin, serum albumin, etc., are potential materials due to their inherent cytocompatibility, controlled biodegradability, high biofunctionalization, and tunable mechanical characteristics. While numerous studies have indicated the encouraging possibilities of proteins in BTE, there are still major challenges concerning their biodegradability, stability in physiological conditions, and continuous release of growth factors and bioactive molecules. Robust scaffolds derived from proteins can be used to replace broken or diseased bone with a biocompatible substitute; proteins, being biopolymers, provide excellent scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Herein, recent developments in protein polymers for cutting-edge bone tissue engineering are addressed in this review within 3-5 years, with a focus on the significant challenges and future perspectives. The first section discusses the structural fundamentals of bone anatomy and ideal scaffolds, and the second section describes the fabrication techniques of scaffolds. The third section highlights the importance of proteins and their applications in BTE. Hence, the recent development of protein polymers for state-of-the-art bone tissue engineering has been discussed, highlighting the significant challenges and future perspectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umar Aslam Khan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Muhammad Azhar Aslam
- Department of Physics, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 39161, Pakistan
| | - Mohd Faizal Bin Abdullah
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus Kubang Kerian 16150, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus Kubang Kerian 16150, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Goran M Stojanović
- Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, T. D. Obradovica 6, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abd Hakim S, Rianna M, Rais A. Manufacture and characterization of indicator electrodes from PPy + H2SO4 and PPy + Sulfonic acid as a urea sensor using urease enzyme immobilization technique in PVA. MATERIALS SCIENCE FOR ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES 2023; 6:89-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mset.2022.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
|
3
|
Li Q, Ye Z, Liu M, Liu W, Zhang P, Sun X, Zhang H, Li Z, Gui L. Precision enhanced alignment bonding technique with sacrificial strategy. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1105154. [PMID: 36873376 PMCID: PMC9978516 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1105154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This work proposes an "N2-1" sacrificial strategy to help to improve the accuracy of the bonding technique from the existing level. The target micropattern is copied N2 times, and (N2-1) of them are sacrificed to obtain the most accurate alignment. Meanwhile, a method for manufacturing auxiliary solid alignment lines on transparent materials is proposed to visualize auxiliary marks and facilitate the alignment. Though the principle and procedure of alignment are straightforward, the alignment accuracy substantially improved compared to the original method. With this technique, we have successfully fabricated a high-precision 3D electroosmotic micropump just using a conventional desktop aligner. Because of the high precision during the alignment, the flow velocity is up to 435.62 μm/s at a driven voltage of 40 V, which far exceeds the previous similar reports. Thus, we believe that it has great potential for high precision microfluidic device fabrications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zi Ye
- CAS Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mingyang Liu
- Energy Storage and Novel Technology of Electrical Engineering Department, China Electric Power Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Energy Storage and Novel Technology of Electrical Engineering Department, China Electric Power Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Pan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenming Li
- Energy Storage and Novel Technology of Electrical Engineering Department, China Electric Power Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Gui
- CAS Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lin PY, Chung YW, Chuang EY, Wang YC, Lai MC, Hsu YC, Lin CC, Hsiao YC. Cholesteric liquid crystal biosensor platform with image analysis for rapid detection of COVID-19. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1148446. [PMID: 36926691 PMCID: PMC10011469 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1148446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapid and low-cost diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is essential to identify infected subjects, particularly asymptomatic cases, primarily to arrest the spread of the disease through local transmission. Antibody-based chromatographic serological tests, as an alternative to the RT-PCR technique, offer only limited help due to high false positives. We propose to exploit our cholesteric liquid crystal biosensor platform for one-step, wash-free, rapid detection of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus directly with minimal sample pre-processing. As mentioned above, cholesteric liquid crystals are an effective and innovative approach to healthcare as a rapid test for the diagnosis of COVID-19 and other diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Yuan Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Opto mechatronics, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wei Chung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Taipei Heart Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Cardiovascular Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Er-Yuan Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chieh Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min-Chih Lai
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chin Hsu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Che Lin
- Institute of Organic and Polymeric Materials, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Opto mechatronics, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Stanford Byers Center for Bio Design, Stanford, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hwang Y, Koo DJ, Ferhan AR, Sut TN, Yoon BK, Cho NJ, Jackman JA. Optimizing Plasmonic Gold Nanorod Deposition on Glass Surfaces for High-Sensitivity Refractometric Biosensing. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3432. [PMID: 36234560 PMCID: PMC9565783 DOI: 10.3390/nano12193432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Owing to high surface sensitivity, gold nanorods (AuNRs) are widely used to construct surface-based nanoplasmonic biosensing platforms for label-free molecular diagnostic applications. A key fabrication step involves controlling AuNR deposition onto the target surface, which requires maximizing surface density while minimizing inter-particle aggregation, and is often achieved by surface functionalization with a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) prior to AuNR deposition. To date, existing studies have typically used a fixed concentration of SAM-forming organic molecules (0.2-10% v/v) while understanding how SAM density affects AuNR deposition and resulting sensing performance would be advantageous. Herein, we systematically investigated how controlling the (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) concentration (1-30% v/v) during SAM preparation affects the fabrication of AuNR-coated glass surfaces for nanoplasmonic biosensing applications. Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and UV-visible spectroscopy, we identified an intermediate APTES concentration range that yielded the highest density of individually deposited AuNRs with minimal aggregation and also the highest peak wavelength in aqueous solution. Bulk refractive index sensitivity measurements indicated that the AuNR configuration had a strong effect on the sensing performance, and the corresponding wavelength-shift responses ranged from 125 to 290 nm per refractive index unit (RIU) depending on the APTES concentration used. Biosensing experiments involving protein detection and antigen-antibody interactions further demonstrated the high surface sensitivity of the optimized AuNR platform, especially in the low protein concentration range where the measurement shift was ~8-fold higher than that obtained with previously used sensing platforms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youngkyu Hwang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Translational Nanobioscience Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Dong Jun Koo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Translational Nanobioscience Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Abdul Rahim Ferhan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Tun Naw Sut
- School of Chemical Engineering and Translational Nanobioscience Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Bo Kyeong Yoon
- School of Healthcare and Biomedical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Korea
| | - Nam-Joon Cho
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Joshua A. Jackman
- School of Chemical Engineering and Translational Nanobioscience Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abdelbasset WK, Savina SV, Mavaluru D, Shichiyakh RA, Bokov DO, Mustafa YF. Smartphone based aptasensors as intelligent biodevice for food contamination detection in food and soil samples: Recent advances. Talanta 2022; 252:123769. [PMID: 36041314 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, the integration of conventional analytical approaches with smartphones has been developed novel, emerging and affordable devices for improving on-site detection platforms in the fields of food safety. Smartphone-based aptasensors as the next generation of portable aptasensing technique has attracted considerable attention as it offers a semi-automated user interface that can be exploited by inexpert characters. Wireless data transferability is an undeniable advantage that home-testing platforms have as well as it can suggest high computational power. In addition, these types of biodevices can provide real-time monitoring in terms of exchanging digital networks in real-time. To elaborate, the ability of smartphones to connect through the Internet is one of the most critical advantages of smartphone-based aptasensor that can be uploaded to Cloud databases and results can be disseminated as spatio-temporal maps across the globe. This review focused on the recent progress and technical breakthroughs of aptasensor on the smartphone as a groundbreaking enterprise in the field of biochemical analysis, importantly in the aspect of the combination of different types of biosensors including electrochemical, optical and colorimetric. In our opinion, this review can broaden our understanding of using smartphones as a portable sensing approach by addressing the current challenges and future perspectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Walid Kamal Abdelbasset
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia; Department of Physical Therapy, Kasr Al-Aini Hospital, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Svetlana Vladimirovna Savina
- Department of business informatics, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Dinesh Mavaluru
- Department of Information Technology, College of Computing and Informatics, Saudi Electronic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rustem Adamovich Shichiyakh
- Kuban State Agrarian University Named after I.T. Trubilin, 350044, Krasnodar, Kalinina Str. 13, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry Olegovich Bokov
- Institute of Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8 Trubetskaya St., bldg. 2, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation; Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, 2/14 Ustyinsky pr., Moscow, 109240, Russian Federation
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, 41001, Iraq
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chuang EY, Ho TL, Wang YC, Hsiao YC. Smartphone and home-based liquid crystal sensor for rapid screening of acute myocardial infarction by naked-eye observation and image analysis. Talanta 2022; 250:123698. [PMID: 35763951 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
An early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or thrombosis is complicated in patients with non-diagnostic features. AMI or thrombosis patients with chest pain are unintentionally discharged and have increased mortality. The study aimed to develop a smartphone biomedical sensor as a rapid test for AMI or thrombosis by naked-eye observation. The system was built on dimethyloctadecyl [3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ammonium chloride (DMOAP)-coated glass substrates, which refers to a nematic liquid crystal (LC)-binding antibody. One of the main biomolecules, cardiac troponin I (cTnI), is a substance in blood in people whose bodies are vulnerable to suffering a myocardial infarction or thrombosis. The other medium, LC, is a sensing biomaterial as an earlier detection method of ameliorating the disadvantages of older methods. Results revealed that the density of cTnI was positively correlated with the coefficient of light transmittance, and it has a high chance of being developed as a point-of-care device for a home inspection as it can be operated with a smartphone. As discussed above, the nematic LC is an effective and innovative healthcare method as a rapid test for diagnosis of AMI or thrombosis related diseases by naked-eye observation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Er-Yuan Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; International PhD Program for Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Thi-Luu Ho
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chieh Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Cheng Hsiao
- International PhD Program for Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Optomechatronics, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; Stanford Byers Center for Biodesign, Stanford, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Rajesh R, Gangwar LK, Mishra SK, Choudhary A, Biradar AM, Sumana G. Technological Advancements in Bio‐recognition using Liquid Crystals: Techniques, Applications, and Performance. LUMINESCENCE 2022. [PMID: 35347826 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The application of liquid crystal (LC) materials has undergone a modern-day renaissance from its classical use in electronics industry as display devices to new-fangled techniques for optically detecting biological and chemical analytes. This review article deals with the emergence of LC materials as invaluable material for their use as label-free sensing elements in the development of optical, electro-optical and electrochemical biosensors. The property of LC molecules to change their orientation on perturbation by any external stimuli or on interaction with bioanalytes or chemical species has been utilized by many researches for the fabrication of high sensitive LC-biosensors. In this review article we categorized LC-biosensor based on biomolecular reaction mechanism viz. enzymatic, nucleotides and immunoreaction in conjunction with operating principle at different LC interface namely LC-solid, LC-aqueous and LC-droplets. Based on bimolecular reaction mechanism, the application of LC has been delineated with recent progress made in designing of LC-interface for the detection of bio and chemical analytes of proteins, virus, bacteria, clinically relevant compounds, heavy metal ions and environmental pollutants. The review briefly describes the experimental set-ups, sensitivity, specificity, limit of detection and linear range of various viable and conspicuous LC-based biosensor platforms with associated advantages and disadvantages therein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Rajesh
- CSIR‐National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K. S. Krishnan Marg New Delhi India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Gaziabad India
| | - Lokesh K. Gangwar
- CSIR‐National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K. S. Krishnan Marg New Delhi India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Gaziabad India
| | | | - Amit Choudhary
- Physics Department Deshbandhu College (University of Delhi) Kalkaji New Delhi India
| | - Ashok M. Biradar
- CSIR‐National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K. S. Krishnan Marg New Delhi India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Gaziabad India
| | - Gajjala Sumana
- CSIR‐National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K. S. Krishnan Marg New Delhi India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Gaziabad India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Recent Advances in the Development of Laccase-Based Biosensors via Nano-Immobilization Techniques. CHEMOSENSORS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors10020058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Monitoring phenolic compounds is critical in the environmental, food, and medical sectors. Among many recent advanced detection platforms, laccase-based biosensing platforms gave very rapid, effective, online, and in situ sensing of phenolic compounds. In laccase-based biosensors, laccase immobilization techniques have a vital role. However, a detailing of the advancements in laccase immobilization techniques employed in laccase-based biosensors is lacking in the literature. Thus, in this review, we assessed how the nano-immobilization techniques shaped the laccase biosensing platforms. We discussed novel developments in laccase immobilization techniques such as entrapment, adsorption, cross-linking, and covalent over new nanocomposites in laccase biosensors. We made a comprehensive assessment based on the current literature for future perspectives of nano-immobilized laccase biosensors. We found the important key areas toward which future laccase biosensor research seems to be heading. These include 1. A focus on the development of multi-layer laccase over electrode surface, 2. The need to utilize more covalent immobilization routes, as they change the laccase specificity toward phenolic compounds, 3. The advancement in polymeric matrices with electroconductive properties, and 4. novel entrapment techniques like biomineralization using laccase molecules. Thus, in this review, we provided a detailed account of immobilization in laccase biosensors and their feasibility in the future for the development of highly specific laccase biosensors in industrial, medicinal, food, and environmental applications.
Collapse
|
10
|
Sensitive Electrochemical Detection of Phosphorylated-Tau Threonine 231 in Human Serum Using Interdigitated Wave-Shaped Electrode. Biomedicines 2021; 10:biomedicines10010010. [PMID: 35052691 PMCID: PMC8773253 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of an electrochemical biosensor for the detection of phosphorylated-tau threonine 231 (p-tau231), a biomarker of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), has yet to be achieved. Therefore, in this study, we developed a simple, small size, cheap, and sensitive electrochemical biosensor based on an interdigitated wave-shaped electrode via an activated self-assembled monolayer to preserve a specific anti–p-tau231 antibody (IWE/SAM/EDC-NHS/anti–p-tau231). Detection of p-tau231 in human serum (HS) using the biosensor was undertaken using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The change in charge-transfer resistance (Rct) in the EIS analysis of the biosensor indicated the detection of p-tau231 in HS within a wide linear range of detection (10−4–101 ng mL−1), and a low limit of detection (140 pg mL−1). This lower limit is less than the detection level of p-tau231 in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) (700 pg mL−1) of AD patients and the level of CSF p-tau231 of patients with mild cognitive impairment (501 pg mL−1), demonstrating the possibility of using the biosensor in detection of p-tau231 at early stage AD. A high binding affinity and low dissociation constant (Kd) between anti–p-tau231 and p-tau231 in HS was demonstrated by using a biosensor and Kd was 7.6 pM, demonstrating the high specific detection of p-tau231 by the biosensor. The good selectivity of the biosensor for the detection of p-tau231 with differential analytes was also examined in this study.
Collapse
|
11
|
A possibility of polaron vortex magnet of polypyrrole prepared in virus liquid crystal. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
12
|
Label-Free, Color-Indicating, Polarizer-Free Dye-Doped Liquid Crystal Microfluidic Polydimethylsiloxane Biosensing Chips for Detecting Albumin. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13162587. [PMID: 34451126 PMCID: PMC8401794 DOI: 10.3390/polym13162587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We reveal a novel design for dye-doped liquid crystal (DDLC) microfluidic biosensing chips in the polydimethylsiloxane material. With this design chip, the orientation of DDLCs was affected by the interface between the walls of the channels and DDLCs. When the inside of a channel was coated with an N,N-dimethyl-n-octadecyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilyl chloride (DMOAP) alignment layer, the DDLCs oriented homeotropically in a homeotropic (H) state under cross-polarized microscopy. After immobilization of antigens with antibodies on the alignment layer-coated microchannel walls, the optical intensity of the DDLC change from the dark H state to the bright planar (P) state. Using pressure-driven flow, the binding of antigens/antibodies to the DDLCs could be detected in an experimental sequential order. The microfluidic DDLCs were tested by detecting bovine serum albumin (BSA) and its immune-responses of antigens/antibodies. We proved that this immunoassay chip was able to detect BSA antigens/antibodies pairs with the detection limit about 0.5 µg/mL. The novel DDLC chip was shown to be a simple, multi-detection device, and label-free microfluidic chips are presented.
Collapse
|
13
|
Sensitive, Color-Indicating and Labeling-Free Multi-Detection Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Biosensing Chips for Detecting Albumin. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13091463. [PMID: 34062757 PMCID: PMC8125184 DOI: 10.3390/polym13091463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel device for cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC)-based microfluidic chips, accommodated in a polydimethylsiloxane material, was invented. In this device, the reorientation of the CLCs was consistently influenced by the surface of the four channel walls and adjacent CLCs. When the inside of the microchannel was coated with the alignment layer, the CLCs oriented homeotropically in a focal conic state under cross-polarizers. Once antigens had bound onto antibodies immobilized onto the orientation sheet-coated channel walls, the light intensity of the CLC molecules converted from a focal conic state to a bright planar state caused by disrupting the CLCs. By means of utilizing pressure-propelling flow, the attachment of antigen/antibody to the CLCs should be detectable within consecutive sequences. The multi-microfluidic CLC-based chips were verified by measuring bovine serum albumin (BSA) and immune complexes of pairs of BSA antigen/antibody. We showed that the multiple microfluidic immunoassaying can be used for measuring BSA and pairs of antigen/antibody BSA with a detection limit of about 1 ng/mL. The linear range is 0.1 μg/mL–1 mg/mL. A limit of immune detection of pairs of BSA antigens/antibodies was 10 ng/mL of BSA plus 1000 ng/mL of the anti-BSA antibodies was observed. According to this innovative creation of immunoassaying, an unsophisticated multi-detection device with CLC-based labeling-free microfluidic chips is presented.
Collapse
|