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Wen C, Xu X, Zhang Y, Xia J, Liang Y, Xu L. Bone Targeting Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Osteoporosis. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:1363-1383. [PMID: 38371454 PMCID: PMC10871045 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s444347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) affects millions of people worldwide, especially postmenopausal women and the elderly. Although current available anti-OP agents can show promise in slowing down bone resorption, most are not specifically delivered to the hard tissue, causing significant toxicity. A bone-targeted nanodrug delivery system can reduce side effects and precisely deliver drug candidates to the bone. This review focuses on the progress of bone-targeted nanoparticles in OP therapy. We enumerate the existing OP medications, types of bone-targeted nanoparticles and categorize pairs of the most common bone-targeting functional groups. Finally, we summarize the potential use of bone-targeted nanoparticles in OP treatment. Ongoing research into the development of targeted ligands and nanocarriers will continue to expand the possibilities of OP-targeted therapies into clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caining Wen
- Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao Xu
- Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanmin Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiang Xia
- Department of Chemistry, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yujie Liang
- Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Rehabilitation, College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Limei Xu
- Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
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2
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Dadachova E, Rangel DEN. Recent Advancements in Radiopharmaceuticals for Infection Imaging. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2813:205-217. [PMID: 38888780 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3890-3_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic has heightened the interest toward diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases. Nuclear medicine, with its powerful scintigraphic, single photon emission computer tomography (SPECT), and positron emission tomography (PET) imaging modalities, has always played an important role in diagnosis of infections and distinguishing them from the sterile inflammation. In addition to the clinically available radiopharmaceuticals, there has been a decades-long effort to develop more specific imaging agents with some examples being radiolabeled antibiotics and antimicrobial peptides for bacterial imaging, radiolabeled antifungals for fungal infections imaging, radiolabeled pathogen-specific antibodies, and molecular engineered constructs. In this chapter, we discuss some examples of the work published in the last decade on developing nuclear imaging agents for bacterial, fungal, and viral infections to generate more interest among nuclear medicine community toward conducting clinical trials of these novel probes, as well as toward developing novel radiotracers for imaging infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Dadachova
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
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3
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Dadachova E, Rangel DEN. Highlights of the Latest Developments in Radiopharmaceuticals for Infection Imaging and Future Perspectives. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:819702. [PMID: 35223918 PMCID: PMC8873932 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.819702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic has heightened the interest toward diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases. Nuclear medicine with its powerful scintigraphic, single photon emission computer tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) imaging modalities has always played an important role in diagnosis of infections and distinguishing them from the sterile inflammation. In addition to the clinically available radiopharmaceuticals there has been a decades-long effort to develop more specific imaging agents with some examples being radiolabeled antibiotics and antimicrobial peptides for bacterial imaging, radiolabeled anti-fungals for fungal infections imaging, radiolabeled pathogen-specific antibodies and molecular engineered constructs. In this opinion piece, we would like to discuss some examples of the work published in the last decade on developing nuclear imaging agents for bacterial, fungal, and viral infections in order to generate more interest among nuclear medicine community toward conducting clinical trials of these novel probes, as well as toward developing novel radiotracers for imaging infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Dadachova
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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4
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De Silva L, Fu JY, Htar TT, Wan Kamal WHB, Kasbollah A, Muniyandy S, Chuah LH. Biodistribution Study of Niosomes in Tumor-Implanted BALB/C Mice Using Scintigraphic Imaging. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:778396. [PMID: 35069200 PMCID: PMC8777053 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.778396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this work was to study the biodistribution of niosomes in tumor-implanted BALB/c mice using gamma scintigraphy. Niosomes were first formulated and characterized, then radiolabeled with Technetium-99 m (99mTc). The biodistribution of 99mTc-labeled niosomes was evaluated in tumor-bearing mice through intravenous injection and imaged with gamma scintigraphy. The labeled complexes possessed high radiolabeling efficiency (98.08%) and were stable in vitro (>80% after 8 h). Scintigraphic imaging showed negligible accumulation in the stomach and thyroid, indicating minimal leaching of the radiolabel in vivo. Radioactivity was found mainly in the liver, spleen and kidneys. Tumor-to-muscle ratio indicated a higher specificity of the formulation for the tumor area. Overall, the formulated niosomes are stable both in vitro and in vivo, and show preferential tumor accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leanne De Silva
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Ju-Yen Fu
- Nutrition Unit, Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Bandar Baru Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Thet Thet Htar
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | | | - Azahari Kasbollah
- Medical Technology Division, Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Saravanan Muniyandy
- Department of Pharmacy, Fatima College of Health Sciences, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Lay-Hong Chuah
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
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5
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Ford CA, Spoonmore TJ, Gupta MK, Duvall CL, Guelcher SA, Cassat JE. Diflunisal-loaded poly(propylene sulfide) nanoparticles decrease S. aureus-mediated bone destruction during osteomyelitis. J Orthop Res 2021; 39:426-437. [PMID: 33300149 PMCID: PMC7855846 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Osteomyelitis is a debilitating infection of bone that results in substantial morbidity. Staphylococcus aureus is the most commonly isolated pathogen causing bone infections and features an arsenal of virulence factors that contribute to bone destruction and counteract immune responses. We previously demonstrated that diflunisal, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, decreases S. aureus-induced bone destruction during osteomyelitis when delivered locally from a resorbable drug delivery depot. However, local diflunisal therapy was complicated by bacterial colonization of the depot's surface, highlighting a common pitfall of devices for local drug delivery to infected tissue. It is, therefore, critical to develop an alternative drug delivery method for diflunisal to successfully repurpose this drug as an antivirulence therapy for osteomyelitis. We hypothesized that a nanoparticle-based parenteral delivery strategy would provide a method for delivering diflunisal to infected tissue while circumventing the complications associated with local delivery. In this study, we demonstrate that poly(propylene sulfide) (PPS) nanoparticles accumulate at the infectious focus in a murine model of staphylococcal osteomyelitis and are capable of efficaciously delivering diflunisal to infected bone. Moreover, diflunisal-loaded PPS nanoparticles effectively decrease S. aureus-mediated bone destruction, establishing the feasibility of systemic delivery of an antivirulence compound to mitigate bone pathology during osteomyelitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb A. Ford
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringVanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Thomas J. Spoonmore
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringVanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Mukesh K. Gupta
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringVanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Craig L. Duvall
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringVanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Scott A. Guelcher
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringVanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTennesseeUSA,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringVanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTennesseeUSA,Department of MedicineVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTennesseeUSA,Vanderbilt Center for Bone BiologyVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - James E. Cassat
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringVanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTennesseeUSA,Vanderbilt Center for Bone BiologyVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTennesseeUSA,Department of PediatricsVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTennesseeUSA,Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and ImmunologyVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTennesseeUSA,Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology, and InflammationVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTennesseeUSA
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6
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Medina OP, Medina TP, Humbert J, Qi B, Baum W, Will O, Damm T, Glüer C. Using Alendronic Acid Coupled Fluorescently Labelled SM Liposomes as a Vehicle for Bone Targeting. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:6021-6027. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200614175905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
We recently developed a liposomal nanoparticle system that can be used for drug delivery
and simultaneously be monitored by optical or photoacoustic imaging devices. Here we tested the efficacy of
alendronate as a homing molecule in SM-liposomes for bone targeting.
Methods:
Alendronate was immobilized covalently on the liposomal surface and the fluorescent dye indocyanine
green was used as a payload in the liposomes. The indocyanine green delivery was analyzed by 3D optical tomography,
optical fluorescence scanner, photoacoustic imaging, and by ex-vivo biodistribution studies.
Results:
The results show that the alendronate, coupled to the liposomal surface, increases sphingomyelin containing
liposome targeting up to several-folds.
Conclusion:
The alendronate targeted liposomes open possibilities for an application in active bone targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oula Peñate Medina
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein [UKSH], Kiel University, Kiel, Germany; MOIN CC - Am Botanischen Garten 14 24118 Kiel Germany, Institut für Experimentelle Tumorforschung [IET], Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Building U3024105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Tuula Peñate Medina
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein [UKSH], Kiel University, Kiel, Germany; MOIN CC - Am Botanischen Garten 14 24118 Kiel Germany, Institut für Experimentelle Tumorforschung [IET], Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Building U3024105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Jana Humbert
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein [UKSH], Kiel University, Kiel, Germany; MOIN CC - Am Botanischen Garten 14 24118 Kiel Germany, Institut für Experimentelle Tumorforschung [IET], Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Building U3024105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Bao Qi
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein [UKSH], Kiel University, Kiel, Germany; MOIN CC - Am Botanischen Garten 14 24118 Kiel Germany, Institut für Experimentelle Tumorforschung [IET], Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Building U3024105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Baum
- Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Medizinische Klinik 3, Institut für Klinische Immunologie, Glückstrasse 4A, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Olga Will
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein [UKSH], Kiel University, Kiel, Germany; MOIN CC - Am Botanischen Garten 14 24118 Kiel Germany, Institut für Experimentelle Tumorforschung [IET], Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Building U3024105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Timo Damm
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein [UKSH], Kiel University, Kiel, Germany; MOIN CC - Am Botanischen Garten 14 24118 Kiel Germany, Institut für Experimentelle Tumorforschung [IET], Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Building U3024105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Claus Glüer
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein [UKSH], Kiel University, Kiel, Germany; MOIN CC - Am Botanischen Garten 14 24118 Kiel Germany, Institut für Experimentelle Tumorforschung [IET], Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Building U3024105 Kiel, Germany
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Fahmy UA, Ahmed OAA, Alhakamy NA. Augmentation of Alendronate Cytotoxicity Against Breast Cancer Cells by Complexation with Trans-activating Regulatory Protein. INT J PHARMACOL 2019. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2019.731.737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Thomas E, Menon JU, Owen J, Skaripa-Koukelli I, Wallington S, Gray M, Mannaris C, Kersemans V, Allen D, Kinchesh P, Smart S, Carlisle R, Vallis KA. Ultrasound-mediated cavitation enhances the delivery of an EGFR-targeting liposomal formulation designed for chemo-radionuclide therapy. Theranostics 2019; 9:5595-5609. [PMID: 31534505 PMCID: PMC6735398 DOI: 10.7150/thno.34669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanomedicines allow active targeting of cancer for diagnostic and therapeutic applications through incorporation of multiple functional components. Frequently, however, clinical translation is hindered by poor intratumoural delivery and distribution. The application of physical stimuli to promote tumour uptake is a viable route to overcome this limitation. In this study, ultrasound-mediated cavitation of microbubbles was investigated as a mean of enhancing the delivery of a liposome designed for chemo-radionuclide therapy targeted to EGFR overexpressing cancer. Method: Liposomes (111In-EGF-LP-Dox) were prepared by encapsulation of doxorubicin (Dox) and surface functionalisation with Indium-111 tagged epidermal growth factor. Human breast cancer cell lines with high and low EGFR expression (MDA-MB-468 and MCF7 respectively) were used to study selectivity of liposomal uptake, subcellular localisation of drug payload, cytotoxicity and DNA damage. Liposome extravasation following ultrasound-induced cavitation of microbubbles (SonoVue®) was studied using a tissue-mimicking phantom. In vivo stability, pharmacokinetic profile and biodistribution were evaluated following intravenous administration of 111In-labelled, EGF-functionalised liposomes to mice bearing subcutaneous MDA-MB-468 xenografts. Finally, the influence of ultrasound-mediated cavitation on the delivery of liposomes into tumours was studied. Results: Liposomes were loaded efficiently with Dox, surface decorated with 111In-EGF and showed selective uptake in MDA-MB-468 cells compared to MCF7. Following binding to EGFR, Dox was released into the intracellular space and 111In-EGF shuttled to the cell nucleus. DNA damage and cell kill were higher in MDA-MB-468 than MCF7 cells. Moreover, Dox and 111In were shown to have an additive cytotoxic effect in MDA-MB-468 cells. US-mediated cavitation increased the extravasation of liposomes in an in vitro gel phantom model. In vivo, the application of ultrasound with microbubbles increased tumour uptake by 66% (p<0.05) despite poor vascularisation of MDA-MB-468 xenografts (as shown by DCE-MRI). Conclusion:111In-EGF-LP-Dox designed for concurrent chemo-radionuclide therapy showed specificity for and cytotoxicity towards EGFR-overexpressing cancer cells. Delivery to tumours was enhanced by the use of ultrasound-mediated cavitation indicating that this approach has the potential to deliver cytotoxic levels of therapeutic radionuclide to solid tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloise Thomas
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Jyothi U. Menon
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Joshua Owen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Irini Skaripa-Koukelli
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Sheena Wallington
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Michael Gray
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Christophoros Mannaris
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Veerle Kersemans
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Danny Allen
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Paul Kinchesh
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Sean Smart
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Robert Carlisle
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Katherine A. Vallis
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
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Caplin JD, García AJ. Implantable antimicrobial biomaterials for local drug delivery in bone infection models. Acta Biomater 2019; 93:2-11. [PMID: 30654212 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Increased use of implantable biomedical devices demonstrates their potential in treating a wide variety of ailments and disorders in bone trauma and orthopaedic, reconstructive, and craniofacial applications. However, the number of cases involving implant failure or malfunction due to bacterial infection have also increased in recent years. Implanted devices can facilitate the growth of bacteria as these micro-organisms have the potential to adhere to the implant and grow and develop to form biofilms. In an effort to better understand and mitigate these occurrences, biomaterials containing antimicrobial agents that can be released or presented within the local microenvironment have become an important area of research. In this review, we discuss critical factors that regulate antimicrobial therapy to sites of bone infection, such as key biomolecular considerations and platforms for delivery, as well as current in vivo models and current advances in the field. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This review outlines the important factors that are taken into consideration for the development of biomaterials for local delivery of therapeutics to the site of bone infections. An overview of important criteria for development of this model (such as type of bone defect, antimicrobial therapeutic, and delivery vehicle) are provided, along with current research that utilizes these considerations. Additionally, this review highlights recent clinical trials that have utilized antimicrobial therapeutics for treatment of osteomyelitis.
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Man F, Gawne PJ, T M de Rosales R. Nuclear imaging of liposomal drug delivery systems: A critical review of radiolabelling methods and applications in nanomedicine. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 143:134-160. [PMID: 31170428 PMCID: PMC6866902 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The integration of nuclear imaging with nanomedicine is a powerful tool for efficient development and clinical translation of liposomal drug delivery systems. Furthermore, it may allow highly efficient imaging-guided personalised treatments. In this article, we critically review methods available for radiolabelling liposomes. We discuss the influence that the radiolabelling methods can have on their biodistribution and highlight the often-overlooked possibility of misinterpretation of results due to decomposition in vivo. We stress the need for knowing the biodistribution/pharmacokinetics of both the radiolabelled liposomal components and free radionuclides in order to confidently evaluate the images, as they often share excretion pathways with intact liposomes (e.g. phospholipids, metallic radionuclides) and even show significant tumour uptake by themselves (e.g. some radionuclides). Finally, we describe preclinical and clinical studies using radiolabelled liposomes and discuss their impact in supporting liposomal drug development and clinical translation in several diseases, including personalised nanomedicine approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Man
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Peter J Gawne
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Rafael T M de Rosales
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom; London Centre for Nanotechnology, King's College London, Strand Campus, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom.
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11
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Dos Santos Ferreira D, Jesus de Oliveira Pinto BL, Kumar V, Cardoso VN, Fernandes SO, Souza CM, Cassali GD, Moore A, Sosnovik DE, Farrar CT, Leite EA, Alves RJ, de Oliveira MC, Guimarães AR, Caravan P. Evaluation of antitumor activity and cardiac toxicity of a bone-targeted ph-sensitive liposomal formulation in a bone metastasis tumor model in mice. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2017; 13:1693-1701. [PMID: 28343016 PMCID: PMC5483199 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy for bone tumors is a major challenge because of the inability of therapeutics to penetrate dense bone mineral. We hypothesize that a nanostructured formulation with high affinity for bone could deliver drug to the tumor while minimizing off-target toxicity. Here, we evaluated the efficacy and toxicity of a novel bone-targeted, pH-sensitive liposomal formulation containing doxorubicin in an animal model of bone metastasis. Biodistribution studies with the liposome showed good uptake in tumor, but low accumulation of doxorubicin in the heart. Mice treated with the bone-targeted liposome formulation showed a 70% reduction in tumor volume, compared to 35% reduction for free doxorubicin at the same dose. Both cardiac toxicity and overall mortality were significantly lower for animals treated with the bone-targeted liposomes compared to free drug. Bone-targeted, pH-sensitive, doxorubicin containing liposomes represent a promising approach to selectively delivering doxorubicin to bone tumors while minimizing cardiac toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Dos Santos Ferreira
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil.
| | - Bruno Luís Jesus de Oliveira Pinto
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.
| | - Vidhya Kumar
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.
| | - Valbert Nascimento Cardoso
- Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analyses, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil.
| | - Simone Odília Fernandes
- Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analyses, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil.
| | - Cristina Maria Souza
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil.
| | - Geovanni Dantas Cassali
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil.
| | - Anna Moore
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.
| | - David E Sosnovik
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.
| | - Christian T Farrar
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.
| | - Elaine Amaral Leite
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil.
| | - Ricardo José Alves
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil.
| | - Mônica Cristina de Oliveira
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil.
| | | | - Peter Caravan
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.
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Abstract
The skeletal system, comprising bones, ligaments, cartilage and their connective tissues, is critical for the structure and support of the body. Diseases that affect the skeletal system can be difficult to treat, mainly because of the avascular cartilage region. Targeting drugs to the site of action can not only increase efficacy but also reduce toxicity. Bone-targeting drugs are designed with either of two general targeting moieties, aimed at the entire skeletal system or a specific cell type. Most bone-targeting drugs utilize an affinity to hydroxyapatite, a major component of the bone matrix that includes a high concentration of positively-charged Ca2+. The strategies for designing such targeting moieties can involve synthetic and/or biological components including negatively-charged amino acid peptides or bisphosphonates. Efficient delivery of bone-specific drugs provides significant impact in the treatment of skeletal related disorders including infectious diseases (osteoarthritis, osteomyelitis, etc.), osteoporosis, and metabolic skeletal dysplasia. Despite recent advances, however, both delivering the drug to its target without losing activity and avoiding adverse local effects remain a challenge. In this review, we investigate the current development of bone-targeting moieties, their efficacy and limitations, and discuss future directions for the development of these specific targeted treatments.
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13
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Aderibigbe B, Aderibigbe I, Popoola P. Design and Biological Evaluation of Delivery Systems Containing Bisphosphonates. Pharmaceutics 2016; 9:E2. [PMID: 28035945 PMCID: PMC5374368 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics9010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bisphosphonates have found application in the treatment of reoccurrence of bone diseases, breast cancer, etc. They have also been found to exhibit antimicrobial, anticancer and antimalarial activities. However, they suffer from pharmacological deficiencies such as toxicity, poor bioavailability and low intestinal adsorption. These shortcomings have resulted in several researchers developing delivery systems that can enhance their overall therapeutic effectiveness. This review provides a detailed overview of the published studies on delivery systems designed for the delivery of bisphosphonates and the corresponding in vitro/in vivo results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blessing Aderibigbe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice Campus, Eastern Cape 5700, South Africa.
| | - Isiaka Aderibigbe
- Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.
| | - Patricia Popoola
- Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.
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14
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Hodgins NO, Al-Jamal WT, Wang JTW, Parente-Pereira AC, Liu M, Maher J, Al-Jamal KT. In vitro potency, in vitro and in vivo efficacy of liposomal alendronate in combination with γδ T cell immunotherapy in mice. J Control Release 2016; 241:229-241. [PMID: 27664328 PMCID: PMC5073077 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (N-BP), including zoledronic acid (ZOL) and alendronate (ALD), have been proposed as sensitisers in γδ T cell immunotherapy in pre-clinical and clinical studies. Therapeutic efficacy of N-BPs is hampered by their rapid renal excretion and high affinity for bone. Liposomal formulations of N-BP have been proposed to improve accumulation in solid tumours. Liposomal ALD (L-ALD) has been suggested as a suitable alternative to liposomal ZOL (L-ZOL), due to unexpected mice death experienced in pre-clinical studies with the latter. Only one study so far has proven the therapeutic efficacy of L-ALD, in combination with γδ T cell immunotherapy, after intraperitoneal administration of γδ T cell resulting in delayed growth of ovarian cancer in mice. This study aims to assess the in vitro efficacy of L-ALD, in combination with γδ T cell immunotherapy, in a range of cancerous cell lines, using L-ZOL as a comparator. The therapeutic efficacy was tested in a pseudo-metastatic lung mouse model, following intravenous injection of γδ T cell, L-ALD or the combination. In vivo biocompatibility and organ biodistribution studies of L-N-BPs were undertaken simultaneously. Higher concentrations of L-ALD (40-60μM) than L-ZOL (3-10μM) were required to produce a comparative reduction in cell viability in vitro, when used in combination with γδ T cells. Significant inhibition of tumour growth was observed after treatment with both L-ALD and γδ T cells in pseudo-metastatic lung melanoma tumour-bearing mice after tail vein injection of both treatments, suggesting that therapeutically relevant concentrations of L-ALD and γδ T cell could be achieved in the tumour sites, resulting in significant delay in tumour growth.
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MESH Headings
- Alendronate/administration & dosage
- Alendronate/therapeutic use
- Alendronate/toxicity
- Animals
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Cell Survival/immunology
- Coculture Techniques
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic
- Humans
- Immunotherapy, Adoptive/methods
- Interferon-gamma/blood
- Liposomes
- Male
- Mice, SCID
- Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Neoplasms, Experimental/therapy
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/immunology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/transplantation
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi O Hodgins
- King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Wafa' T Al-Jamal
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Julie T-W Wang
- King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Ana C Parente-Pereira
- King's College London, Division of Cancer Studies, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Mao Liu
- King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - John Maher
- King's College London, Division of Cancer Studies, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK.
| | - Khuloud T Al-Jamal
- King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK.
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15
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Rashed HM, Shamma RN, Basalious EB. Contribution of both olfactory and systemic pathways for brain targeting of nimodipine-loaded lipo-pluronics micelles: in vitro characterization and in vivo biodistribution study after intranasal and intravenous delivery. Drug Deliv 2016; 24:181-187. [PMID: 28156162 PMCID: PMC8241048 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2016.1236848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Nimodipine (NM) is the only FDA-approved drug for treating subarachnoid hemorrhage induced vasospasm. NM has poor oral bioavailability (5-13%) due to its low aqueous solubility, and extensive first pass metabolism. The objective of this study is to develop radiolabeled NM-loaded LPM and to test its ability prolong its circulation time, reduce its frequency of administration and eventually target it to the brain tissue. NM was radiolabeled with 99mTc by direct labeling method using sodium dithionite. Different reaction conditions that affect the radiolabeling yield were studied. The in vivo pharmacokinetic behavior of the optimum NM-loaded LPM formulation in blood, heart, and brain tissue was compared with NM solution, after intravenous and intranasal administration. Results show that the radioactivity percentage (%ID/g) in the heart of mice following administration of 99mTc-NM loaded LPM were lower compared with that following administration of 99mTc-NM solution, which is greatly beneficial to minimize the cardiovascular side effects. Results also show that the %ID/g in the blood, and brain following intravenous administration of 99mTc-NM-loaded LPM were higher at all sampling intervals compared with that following intravenous administration of 99mTc-NM solution. This would be greatly beneficial for the treatment of neurovascular diseases. The drug-targeting efficiency of NM to the brain after intranasal administration was calculated to be 1872.82%. The significant increase in drug solubility, enhanced drug absorption and the long circulation time of the NM-loaded LPM could be promising to improve nasal and parenteral delivery of NM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan M. Rashed
- Department of Labeled Compounds, Hot Labs. Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt and
| | - Rehab N. Shamma
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Emad B. Basalious
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Ferreira DDS, Faria SD, Lopes SCDA, Teixeira CS, Malachias A, Magalhães-Paniago R, de Souza Filho JD, Oliveira BLDJP, Guimarães AR, Caravan P, Ferreira LAM, Alves RJ, Oliveira MC. Development of a bone-targeted pH-sensitive liposomal formulation containing doxorubicin: physicochemical characterization, cytotoxicity, and biodistribution evaluation in a mouse model of bone metastasis. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:3737-51. [PMID: 27563241 PMCID: PMC4984992 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s109966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite recent advances in cancer therapy, the treatment of bone tumors remains a major challenge. A possible underlying hypothesis, limitation, and unmet need may be the inability of therapeutics to penetrate into dense bone mineral, which can lead to poor efficacy and high toxicity, due to drug uptake in healthy organs. The development of nanostructured formulations with high affinity for bone could be an interesting approach to overcome these challenges. PURPOSE To develop a liposomal formulation with high affinity for hydroxyapatite and the ability to release doxorubicin (DOX) in an acidic environment for future application as a tool for treatment of bone metastases. MATERIALS AND METHODS Liposomes were prepared by thin-film lipid hydration, followed by extrusion and the sulfate gradient-encapsulation method. Liposomes were characterized by average diameter, ζ-potential, encapsulation percentage, X-ray diffraction, and differential scanning calorimetry. Release studies in buffer (pH 7.4 or 5), plasma, and serum, as well as hydroxyapatite-affinity in vitro analysis were performed. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT assay against the MDA-MB-231 cell line, and biodistribution was assessed in bone metastasis-bearing animals. RESULTS Liposomes presented suitable diameter (~170 nm), DOX encapsulation (~2 mg/mL), controlled release, and good plasma and serum stability. The existence of interactions between DOX and the lipid bilayer was proved through differential scanning calorimetry and small-angle X-ray scattering. DOX release was faster when the pH was in the range of a tumor than at physiological pH. The bone-targeted formulation showed a strong affinity for hydroxyapatite. The encapsulation of DOX did not interfere in its intrinsic cytotoxicity against the MDA-MB-231 cell line. Biodistribution studies demonstrated high affinity of this formulation for tumors and reduction of uptake in the heart. CONCLUSION These results suggest that bone-targeted pH-sensitive liposomes containing DOX can be an interesting strategy for selectively delivering this drug into bone-tumor sites, increasing its activity, and reducing DOX-related toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diêgo dos Santos Ferreira
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Samilla Dornelas Faria
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Sávia Caldeira de Araújo Lopes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Salviano Teixeira
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - José Dias de Souza Filho
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Exact Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Alexander Ramos Guimarães
- Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter Caravan
- Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lucas Antônio Miranda Ferreira
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ricardo José Alves
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mônica Cristina Oliveira
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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17
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Fuscaldi LL, Dos Santos DM, Pinheiro NGS, Araújo RS, de Barros ALB, Resende JM, Fernandes SOA, de Lima ME, Cardoso VN. Synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of two peptide LyeTx I derivatives modified with the chelating agent HYNIC for radiolabeling with technetium-99m. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 2016; 22:16. [PMID: 27110232 PMCID: PMC4841036 DOI: 10.1186/s40409-016-0070-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Current diagnostic methods and imaging techniques are not able to differentiate septic and aseptic inflammation. Thus, reliable methods are sought to provide this distinction and scintigraphic imaging is an interesting option, since it is based on physiological changes. In this context, radiolabeled antimicrobial peptides have been investigated as they accumulate in infectious sites instead of aseptic inflammation. The peptide LyeTx I, from the venom of Lycosa erythrognatha, has potent antimicrobial activity. Therefore, this study aimed to synthesize LyeTx I derivatives with the chelating compound HYNIC, to evaluate their antimicrobial activity and to radiolabel them with 99mTc. Methods Two LyeTx I derivatives, HYNIC-LyeTx I (N-terminal modification) and LyeTx I-K-HYNIC (C-terminal modification), were synthesized by Fmoc strategy and purified by RP-HPLC. The purified products were assessed by RP-HPLC and MALDI-ToF-MS analysis. Microbiological assays were performed against S. aureus (ATCC® 6538) and E. coli (ATCC® 10536) in liquid medium to calculate the MIC. The radiolabeling procedure of LyeTx I-K-HYNIC with 99mTc was performed in the presence of co-ligands (tricine and EDDA) and reducing agent (SnCl2.2H2O), and standardized taking into account the amount of peptide, reducing agent, pH and heating. Radiochemical purity analysis was performed by thin-layer chromatography on silica gel strips and the radiolabeled compound was assessed by RP-HPLC and radioactivity measurement of the collected fractions. Data were analyzed by ANOVA, followed by Tukey test (p-values < 0.05). Results Both LyeTx I derivatives were suitably synthesized and purified, as shown by RP-HPLC and MALDI-ToF-MS analysis. The microbiological test showed that HYNIC-LyeTx I (N-terminal modification) did not inhibit bacterial growth, whereas LyeTx I-K-HYNIC (C-terminal modification) showed a MIC of 5.05 μmol.L−1 (S. aureus) and 10.10 μmol.L−1 (E. coli). Thus, only the latter was radiolabeled with 99mTc. The radiochemical purity analysis of LyeTx I-K-HYNIC-99mTc showed that the optimal radiolabeling conditions (10 μg of LyeTx I-K-HYNIC; 250 μg of SnCl2.2H2O; pH = 7; heating for 15 min) yielded a radiochemical purity of 87 ± 1 % (n = 3). However, RP-HPLC data suggested 99mTc transchelation from LyeTx I-K-HYNIC to the co-ligands (tricine and EDDA). Conclusions The binding of HYNIC to the N-terminal portion of LyeTx I seems to affect its activity against bacteria. Nevertheless, the radiolabeling of the C-terminal derivative, LyeTx I-K-HYNIC, must be better investigated to optimize the radiolabeled compound, in order to use it as a specific imaging agent to distinguish septic and aseptic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Lima Fuscaldi
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901 Brazil
| | - Daniel Moreira Dos Santos
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
| | | | - Raquel Silva Araújo
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901 Brazil
| | - André Luís Branco de Barros
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901 Brazil
| | - Jarbas Magalhães Resende
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
| | - Simone Odília Antunes Fernandes
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901 Brazil
| | - Maria Elena de Lima
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
| | - Valbert Nascimento Cardoso
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901 Brazil
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18
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Targeted Delivery Systems for Molecular Therapy in Skeletal Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:428. [PMID: 27011176 PMCID: PMC4813278 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17030428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2015] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormalities in the integral components of bone, including bone matrix, bone mineral and bone cells, give rise to complex disturbances of skeletal development, growth and homeostasis. Non-specific drug delivery using high-dose systemic administration may decrease therapeutic efficacy of drugs and increase the risk of toxic effects in non-skeletal tissues, which remain clinical challenges in the treatment of skeletal disorders. Thus, targeted delivery systems are urgently needed to achieve higher drug delivery efficiency, improve therapeutic efficacy in the targeted cells/tissues, and minimize toxicities in non-targeted cells/tissues. In this review, we summarize recent progress in the application of different targeting moieties and nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery in skeletal disorders, and also discuss the advantages, challenges and perspectives in their clinical translation.
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