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Okyere Boadu R, Okyere Boadu KA, Kumasenu Mensah N, Adzakpah G, Afaglo F, Bermaa Abrefa R, Aryee E, Gyamena Botwe N, Baiden-Amissah D, Bless Ashiavor D, Lee Mensah L, Kojo Asamoah L, Obiri-Yeboah J. Healthcare Providers' Adherence to COVID-19 Prevention and Control Practices in Health Records and Information Management, Ghana. Glob Health Epidemiol Genom 2024; 2024:8862660. [PMID: 39006150 PMCID: PMC11245336 DOI: 10.1155/2024/8862660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The impact of contracting coronavirus on healthcare providers (HCPs) affects their ability to combat the infection. The virus can be transmitted through droplets from sneezing, coughing, and yelling, making it essential for HCPs to plan ahead when dealing with patients with respiratory symptoms. The need to assess healthcare providers' perceived adherence to COVID-19 Prevention and Control Practices (PCP) in Health Records and Information Management is vital for optimizing healthcare operations and ensuring the safety of both patients and providers. This study assesses healthcare providers' perceived adherence to COVID-19 PCP in Health Records and Information Management. Subjects and Method. A cross-sectional survey was conducted to collect data from 1268 HCPs working in eight randomly selected hospitals across five regions in Ghana. The survey was carried out from May 15, 2022, to August 13, 2022. Simple random sampling was used to choose these eight facilities from a total of 204 hospitals. Within each facility, HCPs from various departments were selected using simple random sampling. The EpiInfo 7 software's StatCalc tool was used to choose a total sample size of 1268 from an estimated 4482 HCP-PR from the eight hospitals. Compliance with COVID-19 PCP was assessed using a 3-point scale, ranging from one (Yes always) to three (No). Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient was used to examine the statistical reliability of the variables in the dataset. Cronbach's alpha was 0.73 overall, suggesting strong reliability. Bartlett's test for equal variances was used for comparative analysis of health facility and overall mean COVID-19 PCP in different areas of health facilities. IBM SPSS (version 23) statistical software was used for the data analysis process. Results A total of 1268 HCP-PR participated in the survey, resulting in a 99.6% response rate. Findings reveal that 760 healthcare professionals who handle patients' records (HCP-PR), constituting 60%, consistently followed COVID-19 protocols in the registration and clinic preparation zones. Another 390 individuals (30.7%) adhered to these protocols occasionally, while 119 (9.4%) failed to comply. Similarly, in the filing area, 739 respondents (58.3%) consistently adhered to COVID-19 protocols, 358 (28.3%) occasionally did so, and 170 (13.4%) did not follow the protocols at all. Regarding handling health records cautiously, 540 participants (42.5%) always did, 448 (35.3%) did so sometimes, and 280 (22.2%) neglected these precautions. Additionally, 520 respondents (41.0%) consistently followed COVID-19 precautions when handling computers and other equipment, 393 (31.0%) did so occasionally, and 355 (28.0%) did not adhere to these precautions. Conclusion The majority of respondents showed good compliance with COVID-19 protocol in the registration and clinic preparation areas. However, in the filing area, just over four out of every seven respondents consistently adhered to COVID-19 PCP. Additionally, four out of every seven participants did not comply with COVID-19 PCP when handling patients' records. Analysis reveals diverse adherence to COVID-19 PCP, and statistical tests show variable performance, highlighting standout health facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Okyere Boadu
- Department of Health Information Management School of Allied Health Sciences College of Health and Allied Health Sciences University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Kwame Adu Okyere Boadu
- School of Medicine and Dentistry College of Health Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Nathan Kumasenu Mensah
- Department of Health Information Management School of Allied Health Sciences College of Health and Allied Health Sciences University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Godwin Adzakpah
- Department of Health Information Management School of Allied Health Sciences College of Health and Allied Health Sciences University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Fortune Afaglo
- Department of Health Information Management School of Allied Health Sciences College of Health and Allied Health Sciences University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Rosemary Bermaa Abrefa
- Department of Health Information Management School of Allied Health Sciences College of Health and Allied Health Sciences University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Emmanuella Aryee
- Department of Health Information Management School of Allied Health Sciences College of Health and Allied Health Sciences University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Nancy Gyamena Botwe
- Department of Health Information Management School of Allied Health Sciences College of Health and Allied Health Sciences University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Dinah Baiden-Amissah
- Department of Health Information Management School of Allied Health Sciences College of Health and Allied Health Sciences University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Dennis Bless Ashiavor
- Department of Health Information Management School of Allied Health Sciences College of Health and Allied Health Sciences University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Larry Lee Mensah
- Department of Health Information Management School of Allied Health Sciences College of Health and Allied Health Sciences University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Lovemond Kojo Asamoah
- Department of Health Information Management School of Allied Health Sciences College of Health and Allied Health Sciences University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
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Mbele W, Dako-Gyeke P, Frans AN. COVID-19 vaccination uptake among healthcare workers in Ghana: A comprehensive analysis of knowledge, attitude, perceived vaccine effectiveness, and health belief model constructs. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 4:e0002738. [PMID: 38696400 PMCID: PMC11065266 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0002738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
The novel Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) caused devastating effects globally, and healthcare workers were among the most affected by the pandemic. Despite healthcare workers being prioritized in COVID-19 vaccination globally and in Ghana, hesitancy to receive the vaccines resulted in delayed control of the pandemic. In Ghana, healthcare workers had a vaccine acceptance of 39.3% before the vaccine rollout. Consequently, this study assessed the uptake of COVID-19 vaccination and associated factors among healthcare workers in Ghana in the post-vaccine roll-out period. This was an analytical cross-sectional study that used a semi-structured questionnaire to collect data on COVID-19 vaccination uptake and influencing factors. 256 healthcare workers were selected in Ayawaso West Municipality of Ghana using a stratified random sampling approach. Descriptive statistics were used to examine socio-demographic factors and Likert scale responses. Bivariable and Multivariable logistic regression were performed using IBM SPSS version 22 to identify predictors of vaccine uptake and a statistical significance was declared at p<0.05. More than three-fourths of participants 220 (85.9%) had received at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccination, while 36 (14.9%) were hesitant. More than half 139 (54.3%) had adequate knowledge about COVID-19 vaccination and the majority 188 (73.4%) had positive perceptions about its effectiveness. Moreover, 218 (85.2%) of HCWs had a positive attitude towards COVID-19 vaccination. Positive attitude towards COVID-19 vaccination (AOR = 4.3; 95% CI: 1.4, 13.0) and high cues to action (AOR = 5.7; 95% CI: 2.2, 14.8) were the factors that significantly predicted uptake of COVID-19 vaccination among healthcare workers. COVID-19 vaccination among HCWs in Ghana is promising. However, hesitancy to receive the vaccination among a significant proportion of HCWs raises concerns. To ensure vaccination of all healthcare workers, interventions to promote vaccination should target key determinants of vaccination uptake, such as attitude towards the vaccination and cues to action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whiteson Mbele
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- Kasiya Mission Hospital, Pemba District Health Office, Pemba, Southern Province, Zambia
| | - Phyllis Dako-Gyeke
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Andreas Ndapewa Frans
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
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Omale UI, Okeke IM, Ukpabi OO, Ewah RL, Iyare O, Amuzie CI, Oka OU, Adeke AS, Uduma VU, Nkwo GE, Ikegwuonu CO, Nwali UIA, Nnachi OO. COVID-19 information sources, knowledge, attitude, control practices and the predictors among health workers during the pandemic in Ebonyi state, Nigeria. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7072. [PMID: 38528031 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57647-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has changed into an endemic COVID-19 disease and health workers continue to be at high risk. The situation requires continued use of COVID-19 control measures by health workers and this will likely depend on their sources of information/knowledge/attitude about COVID-19 and previous use of COVID-19 control measures. We explored the COVID-19 information sources, knowledge, attitude, control practices, and the predictors, among health workers in Ebonyi state, Nigeria. We implemented an online-offline analytical cross-sectional survey from March 12 to May 9, 2022 among all categories of health workers (clinical/non-clinical, public/private) working/living in Ebonyi state who gave consent and were selected via convenience/snowballing sampling. Data was collected with a structured self-administered/interviewer-administered questionnaire via WhatsApp/KoBoCollect. Descriptive/inferential analyses were done including multivariate generalized linear models. 1276 health workers were surveyed. The commonest individual source of information about COVID-19 was health workers (used by 83.8%), followed by radio (67.9%), television (59.6%), family members/relatives/friends (57.9%) etc. The main individual source of information for majority of the participants was health workers (for 35.0%) followed by radio (24.5%), television (14.4%) etc. The most trusted individual source of information for majority of the participants was health workers (for 39.4%) followed by radio (26.0%), television (14.3%) etc. Interpersonal sources were the main/most trusted source of information for the majority (48.0%/49.8%) followed by traditional media (39.4%/40.6%) and internet/social media/SMS (12.6%/9.6%). 42.3%, 81.3%, and 43.0% respectively had good knowledge, good attitude, and good control practice about COVID-19. The most important predictors of the main/most trusted sources of information about COVID-19 were place of work (public/private), level of place of work (primary-secondary/tertiary), age, and years of working experience. Good knowledge about COVID-19, good attitude towards COVID-19, strong COVID-19 experience/perception, working at a tertiary facility, tertiary education, and decrease in years of working experience were strong predictors of good control practice about COVID-19. This study's evidence regarding the commonest/main/most trusted information sources and control practice about COVID-19 should be considered by later COVID-19/similar health emergencies' policy actions to optimise emergency health information dissemination and use of control measures by health workers in Ebonyi state/Nigeria/other similar settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugwu I Omale
- Department of Community Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria.
| | - Ifeyinwa M Okeke
- Department of Community Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Okechukwu O Ukpabi
- Department of Community Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Richard L Ewah
- Department of Anaesthesia, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
- Anaesthesia Unit, Department of Surgery, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Osarhiemen Iyare
- Department of Community Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Chidinma I Amuzie
- Department of Community Medicine, Federal Medical Centre Umuahia, Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria
| | - Onyinyechukwu U Oka
- Department of Community Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Azuka S Adeke
- Department of Community Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Victor U Uduma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Glory E Nkwo
- Department of Community Medicine, Federal Medical Centre Umuahia, Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria
| | - Cordis O Ikegwuonu
- Department of Community Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Ugochi I A Nwali
- Department of Community Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Olaedo O Nnachi
- Department of Community Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
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Juttla PK, Ndiritu M, Milliano F, Odongo AO, Mwancha-Kwasa M. Knowledge, attitudes and practices towards COVID-19 among healthcare workers: A cross-sectional survey from Kiambu County, Kenya. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297335. [PMID: 38470888 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The knowledge possessed by healthcare workers (HCWs), along with their attitudes and practices play a vital role in effectively managing a pandemic. This is crucial considering that HCWs are exposed to great risk at the forefront of such crises. We aimed to describe the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) of HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic in Kiambu county, Kenya. METHODS A cross-sectional study using a structured questionnaire was conducted from 11th March 2021 to 12th August 2021. Bloom's cutoff points were used to determine KAP scores (>80%: good, 60-79%: medium and <60% poor). Multivariable ordinal logistic regression analyses were conducted, calculating adjusted odds ratios (AOR) at a 95% confidence interval. Spearman's rank correlations were used to examine the relationship between KAP scores. RESULTS 438 HCWs participated in the study, majority of whom were female (64.5%), had obtained a diploma (59.6%) and were informed through government websites (78.6%). 43.0% had good knowledge, 17.5% good attitudes, and 68.4% good practice. 23.0% had medium knowledge, 35.6% medium attitude, 15.7% medium practice, while 34.0% had poor knowledge, 46.9% poor attitude and 15.9% poor practice. Only 68.9% of the caregivers correctly recognized the county's COVID-19 isolation centre and only 7.9% chose the two correct documents for the entry of data for a suspected COVID-19 case. Furthermore, the general attitude towards their own personal safety and their training regarding PPEs (17.8% and 23.8% strongly agreed with the contrary) were less compelling. There was a significant positive association between obtaining information from international government sites [AOR: 1.382 (1.058-1.807); p = 0.0178)] and good knowledge. Referring to local government sites for information regarding COVID-19 produced better attitudes [AOR: 1.710 (1.194-2.465); p = 0.0036] and produced almost twice the odds of having better practice [AOR: 1.800 (1.181-2.681); p = 0.0048]. There was a significant correlation between knowledge and practice (r = -0.330, p = 2.766×10-11), and knowledge and attitude (r = -0.154, p = 6.538×10-3). CONCLUSION This study emphasizes the substantial impact that governing bodies have on shaping favorable KAP. As a result, it's crucial for local government platforms to prioritize the dissemination of up-to-date information that aligns with international standards. This information should be tailored to the specific region, focusing on addressing deficiencies in healthcare practices and patient management. The identification of a significant number of HCWs lacking confidence in managing COVID-19 patients and feeling unprotected underscores a clear need for improvement in their understanding and implementation of preventive measures. This gap can be bridged by adequately equipping HCWs with locally manufactured PPEs. This aspect is crucial for pandemic preparedness, and we further advocate for the creation of a locally produced repository of medical equipment. These actions are pivotal in improving future crisis management capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhjot Kaur Juttla
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Moses Ndiritu
- Department of Health, County Government of Kiambu, Kiambu, Kenya
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Ma S, Ge J, Qi Y, Du L, Han Y, Xie Z, Li X, Li H, Chen Z, Chen X, Tang X, Li J, Li J, Xiao Q, Wu Y, Gao Y, Li W, Liu L, Jia Y. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Professional Attitudes of Medical Students: A Pre-Post-Like Study. Disaster Med Public Health Prep 2023; 17:e555. [PMID: 38053415 DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2023.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study assesses the difference in professional attitudes among medical students, both before and after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and identifies the determinants closely associated with it, while providing precise and scientific evidence for implementing precision education on such professional attitudes. METHODS A pre-post-like study was conducted among medical students in 31 provinces in mainland China, from March 23, to April 19, 2021. RESULTS The proportion of medical students whose professional attitudes were disturbed after the COVID-19 pandemic, was significantly lower than before the COVID-19 pandemic (χ2 = 15.6216; P < 0.0001). Compared with the "undisturbed -undisturbed" group, the "undisturbed-disturbed" group showed that there was a 1.664-fold risk of professional attitudes disturbed as grade increased, 3.269-fold risk when others suggested they choose a medical career rather than their own desire, and 7.557-fold risk for students with COVID-19 in their family, relatives, or friends; while the "disturbed-undisturbed" group showed that students with internship experience for professional attitudes strengthened was 2.933-fold than those without internship experience. CONCLUSIONS The professional attitudes of medical students have been strengthened during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results provide evidence of the importance of education on professional attitudes among medical students during public health emergencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuli Ma
- School of Public Health, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Jie Ge
- School of Public Health, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Yanbo Qi
- School of Public Health, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Linlin Du
- School of Public Health, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Yunfeng Han
- School of Public Health, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Zhiping Xie
- School of Public Health, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Xingsan Li
- School of Public Health, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Hongjie Li
- School of Public Health, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- School of Public Health, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Xiaoting Chen
- Sanitary Analysis Center, Scientific Research Office, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Xiaowei Tang
- Sanitary Analysis Center, Scientific Research Office, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Jiyuan Li
- School of Public Health, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Jiping Li
- School of Public Health, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Qiong Xiao
- School of Nursing, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Yu Wu
- School of Nursing, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Ying Gao
- School of mental health, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Wenting Li
- School of Public Health, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Modern Educational Technology Center, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Yuehui Jia
- School of Public Health, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
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Mohamud AK, Ali IA, Ali AI, Dirie NI, Inchon P, Ahmed OA, Mohamud AA. Assessment of healthcare workers' knowledge and attitude on Ebola virus disease in Somalia: a multicenter nationwide survey. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1650. [PMID: 37641041 PMCID: PMC10464228 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16562-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In September 2022, a new Ebola outbreak was reported in Uganda, East Africa, and 142 confirmed cases, including 19 Healthcare workers (HCWs) reported. Ebola is not endemic in Somalia, but the country is at a reasonable risk of the virus being introduced due to the direct connection with daily flights from Uganda without border health control and prevention activities. Therefore, evaluating HCWs' Knowledge and attitude is crucial since this is the first time being evaluated in Somalia. The study's objective is to evaluate the HCWs' Knowledge and attitude toward the Ebola virus disease in Somalia. METHOD An online self-administrated cross-sectional survey was conducted among HCWs (n = 1103) in all six federal member states of Somalia using a validated, reliable, well-structured questionnaire. Data we analyzed using descriptive statistics and Logistic regression were used to determine sociodemographic characteristics associated with poor Knowledge and negative attitude. RESULT Over one-third (37.3%) of HCWs had poor Knowledge; the mean knowledge score was 7.97 SD ± 2.15. Almost 40.1% of the HCWs had a negative attitude; the mean attitude was 27.81 SD ± 8.06. Low-income HCWs (AOR = 2.06, 95%CI:1.01-4.19), Married HCWs (AOR = 1.39, 95%CI: 1.110-1.963), Midwives (AOR = 2.76, 95%CI: 1.74-4.39), Lab technicians (AOR = 2.43, 95%CI: 1.43-4.14), HCWs work in Jubaland state of Somalia (AOR = 3.69, 95%CI: 2.39-5.70), Galmudug state (AOR = 8.50, 95%CI: 4.59-15.77), Hirshabelle state (AOR = 3.18, 95%CI: 2.15-4.71) were more likely to have poor Knowledge compared to their counterparts. HCWs who work in Hirshabelle state (AOR = 5.44,95%CI: 3.58-8.27), Jubaland state (AOR = 8.47, 95%CI: 4.69-15.29), and Galmudug state (AOR = 4.43, 95%CI: 3.03-6.48) was more likely to have a negative attitude than those working in the Banadir region administration. CONCLUSION Most Somali healthcare workers showed good Knowledge and a positive attitude toward the Ebola virus. The implementation to enhance Knowledge and attitude must specifically focus on low-income HCWs, Midwives, Lab technicalities, and those who work in Hirshabelle, Jubaland, and Galmudug states of Somalia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ikran Abdulkadir Ali
- Department of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Yardimeli Hospital Mogadishu, Mogadishu, Somalia
| | - Ahmed Isse Ali
- Dermatology of Department, Mogadishu-Somali Turkey Training and Research Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia
| | - Najib Isse Dirie
- Department of Urology, Dr Sumait Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, SIMAD University, Mogadishu, Somalia
| | - Pamornsri Inchon
- Department of Public Health, School of Health Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
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Tengbe SM, Kamara IF, Ali DB, Koroma FF, Sevalie S, Dean L, Theobald S. Psychosocial impact of COVID-19 pandemic on front-line healthcare workers in Sierra Leone: an explorative qualitative study. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e068551. [PMID: 37607792 PMCID: PMC10445370 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-068551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The COVID-19 pandemic has wide-reaching health and non-health consequences, especially on mental health and psychosocial well-being. Healthcare workers involved in COVID-19 patient care are particularly vulnerable to psychosocial distress due to increased pressure on healthcare systems. We explored the psychosocial experiences of front-line healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Sierra Leone. METHODS This qualitative study used purposive sampling to recruit 13 healthcare workers from different cadres across 5 designated COVID-19 treatment centres in Freetown, Sierra Leone. In-depth interviews were conducted remotely in July and August 2020, transcribed verbatim and analysed using the framework approach. RESULTS This study identified three overarching themes: vulnerability, resilience and support structures. Participants expressed vulnerability relating to the challenging work environment and lack of medications as key stressors resulting in anxiety, stress, anger, isolation and stigmatisation. Signs of resilience with experiences drawn from the 2014 Ebola outbreak, teamwork and a sense of duty were also seen. Peer support was the main support structure with no professional psychosocial support services available to healthcare workers. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to provide evidence of the psychosocial impacts of COVID-19 among front-line healthcare workers in Sierra Leone. Despite signs of resilience and coping mechanisms displayed, they also experienced adverse psychosocial outcomes. There is a need to focus on enhancing strategies such as psychosocial support for healthcare workers and those that overall strengthen the health system to protect healthcare workers, promote resilience and guide recommendations for interventions during future outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ibrahim Franklyn Kamara
- Emergency Preparedness and Response Cluster, World Health Organisation Country Office for Sierra Leone, Freetown, Sierra Leone
| | - Desta B Ali
- Sierra Leone Ministry of Health and Sanitation, Freetown, Sierra Leone
| | - Fanny F Koroma
- Sierra Leone Ministry of Health and Sanitation, Freetown, Sierra Leone
| | - Stephen Sevalie
- 34 Military Hospital, Wilberforce, Freetown, Sierra Leone
- Case Management Pillar, National COVID-19 Emergency Response Centre, Freetown, Sierra Leone
| | - Laura Dean
- International Public Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - Sally Theobald
- International Public Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
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Nyamuryekung'e KK, Amour M, Mboya I, Ndumwa H, Kengia J, Njiro BJ, Mhamilawa L, Shayo E, Ngalesoni F, Kapologwe N, Kalolo A, Metta E, Msuya S. Health care workers' self-perceived infection risk and COVID-19 vaccine uptake: A mixed methods study. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 3:e0001223. [PMID: 37285332 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0001223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Vaccination is the most cost-effective way of preventing Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) although there was a considerable delay in its institution in Tanzania. This study assessed health care workers' (HCWs) self-perceived infection risk and uptake of COVID-19 vaccines. A concurrent embedded, mixed methods design was utilized to collect data among HCWs in seven Tanzanian regions. Quantitative data was collected using a validated, pre-piloted, interviewer administered questionnaire whereas in-depth interviews (IDIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs) gathered qualitative data. Descriptive analyses were performed while chi-square test and logistic regression were used to test for associations across categories. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the qualitative data. A total of 1,368 HCWs responded to the quantitative tool, 26 participated in the IDIs and 74 in FGDs. About half of the HCW (53.6%) reported to have been vaccinated and three quarters (75.5%) self-perceived to be at a high risk of acquiring COVID-19 infection. High perceived infection risk was associated with increased COVID-19 vaccine uptake (OR 1.535). Participants perceived that the nature of their work and the working environment in the health facilities increased their infection risk. Limited availability and use of personal protective equipment (PPE) was reported to elevate the perceived infection risks. Participants in the oldest age group and from low and mid-level health care facilities had higher proportions with a high-risk perception of acquiring COVID-19 infection. Only about half of the HCWs reported to be vaccinated albeit the majority recounted higher perception of risk to contracting COVID-19 due to their working environment, including limited availability and use of PPE. Efforts to address heightened perceived-risks should include improving the working environment, availability of PPE and continue updating HCWs on the benefits of COVID-19 vaccine to limit their infection risks and consequent transmission to their patients and public.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasusu Klint Nyamuryekung'e
- Department of Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Maryam Amour
- Department of Community Health, School of Public Health and Social Sciences, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Innocent Mboya
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
- Community Health Department, Institute of Public Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Harrieth Ndumwa
- Department of Community Health, School of Public Health and Social Sciences, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - James Kengia
- Presidents Office Regional Administration and Local Government, Dodoma, Tanzania
| | - Belinda J Njiro
- Department of Community Health, School of Public Health and Social Sciences, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Lwidiko Mhamilawa
- Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH), Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Elizabeth Shayo
- National Institute for Medical Research, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | | | - Ntuli Kapologwe
- Presidents Office Regional Administration and Local Government, Dodoma, Tanzania
| | - Albino Kalolo
- Department of Public Health, St. Francis University College of Health and Allied Sciences, Morogoro, Tanzania
| | - Emmy Metta
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health and Social Sciences, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Sia Msuya
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
- Community Health Department, Institute of Public Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
- Department of Community Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania
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Osmani Z, Bajrektarevic Kehic A, Miskulin I, Dumic L, Pavlovic N, Kovacevic J, Lanc Curdinjakovic V, Dumic J, Vukoja I, Miskulin M. The Attitudes and Practices Regarding COVID-19 among General Practitioners from Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina: A Cross-Sectional Study. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:bs13050352. [PMID: 37232589 DOI: 10.3390/bs13050352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Attitudes toward COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) prevention and control may have influenced general practitioners' (GPs') work during the COVID-19 pandemic. The present study aimed to investigate the attitudes and practices of GPs from Croatia and Bosna and Herzegovina regarding COVID-19 prevention and control as well as the factors which may have influenced them. A cross-sectional study using a self-administered, anonymous questionnaire was conducted between February and May of 2022 on 200 Croatian and Bosnian GPs. The study revealed that the attitudes and practices of the surveyed GPs regarding COVID-19 prevention and control were satisfactory. The Croatian GPs reported a larger number of positive attitudes toward COVID-19 prevention and control (p = 0.014), while no significant differences in practices were established. Among the Croatian GPs, more positive attitudes toward COVID-19 prevention and control were reported by participants who had finished a formal education on the prevention of infectious diseases and occupational safety (p = 0.018), while among the Bosnian GPs, more positive attitudes were reported by older GPs (p = 0.007), males (p = 0.026), GPs with a longer length of service (p = 0.005), GPs who had finished a formal education on the prevention of infectious diseases and occupational safety (p < 0.001), GPs who had finished a formal education on adequate hand hygiene (p < 0.001), and GPs who had finished a formal education on COVID-19 prevention for GPs (p = 0.001). Considering GPs' practices regarding COVID-19 prevention and control, among the Croatian GPs, more positive practices were reported by older GPs (p = 0.008), females (p = 0.002), GPs who had a partner (p = 0.021), GPs who were specialists in family medicine (p = 0.014), GPs with a longer length of service (p = 0.007), and GPs who had finished a formal education on the prevention of infectious diseases and occupational safety (p = 0.046), while among the Bosnian GPs, no significant correlations were determined. The general practitioners' sociodemographic and employment characteristics strongly influenced their attitudes and practices regarding the prevention and control of COVID-19. The cultural differences between Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, as well as the organizational specificities of their healthcare systems, probably modified the observed differences in the individual patterns of associations between the outcome and explanatory variables in the surveyed neighboring countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zudi Osmani
- Faculty of Health Studies, University "VITEZ", 72 270 Travnik, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Institute for Public Health of Central Bosnia Canton, 72 270 Travnik, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | | | - Ivan Miskulin
- Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Lea Dumic
- Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Nika Pavlovic
- Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Jelena Kovacevic
- Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia
| | | | - Juraj Dumic
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Ivan Vukoja
- Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Maja Miskulin
- Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia
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Orji B, Oliveras E, Odio B, Anoke C, Onuoha H, Ugwa E, Howard M, Idris I, Akpan E, Okoh F, Nwani C, Adetiloye O, Lawrence N, Oduenyi C, Ogharu E, Enne J, Abolaji FW, Adegbulu RS, Bryce E. Knowledge, attitudes and practices of infection prevention and control among healthcare workers during the COVID 19 pandemic: a descriptive cross-sectional study in three Nigerian states. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:253. [PMID: 36918876 PMCID: PMC10013228 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-09218-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic created unexpected challenges for health care workers. The global and national supply chain system was disrupted, and affected infection, prevention and control (IPC) practices. This study aimed at documenting health workers knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) on IPC in Nigeria during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS The descriptive, mixed-methods cross-sectional study was conducted in Ebonyi, Ondo and Niger states in October 2020. A structured questionnaire was administered to the health workers, complemented by semi-structured interviews that were audio recorded, transcribed and analyzed in Atlas.ti. Quantitative data were entered into REDCap and cleaned, transformed and analyzed using descriptive statistics in SPSS version 25.0 Findings from the qualitative interviews were used to explain the trends observed from quantitative study. RESULTS There were demographic differences between community and facility-based health workers in our population. A greater proportion of facility-based providers reported having IPC training compared to community-based health workers ever (p < 0.01) and during the pandemic (p < 0.05). Health care workers had moderate knowledge of general IPC, and attitudes toward and practice of IPC during COVID-19 pandemic. However, the knowledge of the relative effectiveness of prevention measures was low. The mean knowledge scores were greater among facility-based workers compared to community based healthcare workers (p = 0.001). Self-reported IPC practices increased during the pandemic compared to prior to the pandemic, with the exception of the use of N-95 masks and hand sanitizer. CONCLUSION This study found moderate IPC knowledge, attitudes and practices in our study population during the pandemic as compared to pre-pandemic for the study found gaps in correct hand hygienevaried application of different IPC practices to ensure adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures. The study recommends sustained training for IPC and encourages policy makers that budget line specific to COVID-19 response across all the levels of health care delivery will enhance compliance and emergency readiness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bright Orji
- Jhpiego - an Affiliate of Johns Hopkins University, Abuja, Nigeria.
| | | | - Bartholomew Odio
- Jhpiego - an Affiliate of Johns Hopkins University, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Charity Anoke
- Jhpiego - an Affiliate of Johns Hopkins University, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Herbert Onuoha
- Jhpiego - an Affiliate of Johns Hopkins University, Abuja, Nigeria
| | | | - Madeleine Howard
- Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ibrahim Idris
- State Ministry of Health, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria
| | - Edima Akpan
- Reproductive Health Division, Federal Ministry of Health, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Festus Okoh
- National Malaria Elimination Program, Federal Ministry of Health, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Chinyere Nwani
- Jhpiego - an Affiliate of Johns Hopkins University, Abuja, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Chioma Oduenyi
- Jhpiego - an Affiliate of Johns Hopkins University, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Emmanuel Ogharu
- Jhpiego - an Affiliate of Johns Hopkins University, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Joseph Enne
- Jhpiego - an Affiliate of Johns Hopkins University, Abuja, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Emily Bryce
- Jhpiego - an Affiliate of Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Ling J, Jiang H, Wang X, Rao H. Health literacy affected the residents' knowledge, attitude, practice for prevention and control of COVID-19 in Shanxi Province, China. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3567. [PMID: 36864261 PMCID: PMC9980852 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30730-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Multistage stratified random sampling was used to explore the relationship of health literacy with novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) prevention and control knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) in residents aged 15-69 years old in Shanxi Province. The questionnaire, which was issued by the Chinese Center for Health Education, consisted of a health literacy questionnaire and a COVID-19 prevention and control KAP questionnaire. According to the national unified scoring method, the participants were divided into two groups: those who with adequate health literacy and those who with inadequate health literacy. The results of the answer to each KAP question were compared between the two groups by Chi-square test or Wilcoxon rank sum test. Binary logistic regression was used to control confounding effects of socio-demographic characteristics to draw relatively reliable conclusions. A total of 2700 questionnaires were distributed, and 2686 valid questionnaires were returned, with an efficiency rate of 99.5%. Health literacy qualified was identified for 18.32% (492/2686) in Shanxi Province. Compared with the inadequate health literacy group, people with adequate health literacy had a higher corrected answer rate in 11 knowledge-related questions (all P < 0.001); showed more positive answer to each attitude-related question in the three aspects, namely, responsibility for the prevention and control of infectious disease transmission, evaluation for COVID-19-related information release and reporting, and evaluation for the government's COVID-19 prevention and control results (all P < 0.001); and acted more actively in the practice concerning appropriate self-prevention and control behaviors during the COVID-19 outbreak (all P < 0.001). Logistic regression analyses confirmed that with adequate health literacy played a positive role in each of the contents of COVID-19 prevention and control KAP (ORs were between 1.475 and 4.862, all P < 0.001). Health literacy is closely related to COVID-19 prevention and control KAP in the general population of Shanxi Province. People with high score of health literacy were generally better able to grasp COVID-19 prevention and control knowledge, have more positive attitudes toward prevention and control, and perform better prevention and control behaviors. Promoting residents' health literacy by targeted health education can play an important and positive role in dealing with the threat of major infectious diseases outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianchun Ling
- Department of the Second Editorial, Comprehensive Service Center of Shanxi Medical and Health Institutions (Shanxi Province Blood Center), Taiyuan, 030013, Shanxi, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Computer Teaching, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, 046000, Shanxi, China
| | - Xuchun Wang
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Huaxiang Rao
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, 046000, Shanxi, China.
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Lee SJ, Vernooij E, Enria L, Kelly AH, Rogers J, Ansumana R, Bangura MH, Lees S, Street A. Human preparedness: Relational infrastructures and medical countermeasures in Sierra Leone. Glob Public Health 2022; 17:4129-4145. [PMID: 36168658 DOI: 10.1080/17441692.2022.2110917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This paper examines health worker experiences in two areas of post-epidemic preparedness in Sierra Leone - vaccine trials and laboratory strengthening - to reflect on the place of people in current models of epidemic response. Drawing on ethnographic research and interviews with health workers in the aftermath of Ebola, it explores the hopes and expectations that interventions foster for frontline workers in under-resourced health systems, and describes the unseen work involved in sustaining robust response infrastructures. Our analysis focuses on what it means for the people who sustain health systems in an emergency to be 'prepared' for an epidemic. Human preparedness entails more than the presence of a labour force; it involves building and maintaining 'relational infrastructures', often fragile social and moral relationships between health workers, publics, governments, and international organisations. The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the value of rethinking human resources from an anthropological perspective, and investing in the safety and support of people at the forefront of response. In describing the labour, personal losses, and social risks undertaken by frontline workers for protocols and practicality to meet in an emergency context, we describe the social process of preparedness; that is, the contextual engineering and investment that make response systems work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shona J Lee
- School of Social and Political Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Eva Vernooij
- School of Social and Political Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Department of Interdisciplinary Social Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Luisa Enria
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Ann H Kelly
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - James Rogers
- Laboratory Technical Working Group, Sierra Leone Ministry of Health and Sanitation, Freetown, Sierra Leone
| | - Rashid Ansumana
- School of Community Health Sciences, Njala University, Bo, Sierra Leone
| | - Mahmood H Bangura
- College of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of Sierra Leone, Freetown, Sierra Leone
| | - Shelley Lees
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Alice Street
- School of Social and Political Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Limkunakul C, Phuthomdee S, Srinithiwat P, Chanthanaroj S, Boonsawat W, Sawanyawisuth K. Factors associated with preventive behaviors for COVID-19 infection among healthcare workers by a health behavior model. Trop Med Health 2022; 50:65. [PMID: 36071539 PMCID: PMC9449286 DOI: 10.1186/s41182-022-00454-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic disease. There are limited data on predictors of good preventive behaviors among healthcare workers. This study aimed to evaluate if any factors were predictors of good preventive behaviors in healthcare workers under the theory of health behavior model. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study in healthcare workers who were willing to participate in the study. Participants were requested to fill out a self-administered questionnaire that comprised health behavior model and preventive behaviors from COVID-19 infection. Factors associated with preventive behavior, an outcome, were analyzed by multivariate linear regression analysis. RESULTS There were 273 healthcare workers who participated in this study. The average (SD) age and working duration of participants was 38.9 (12.1) and 11.4 (9.8) years. The preventive behavior category had an average score of 87.6% (70.3/80). After adjusted, knowledge and perception of personal preventability were independently associated with preventive behaviors. The adjusted coefficients of both factors were-0.911 (p 0.009) and 0.477 (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Specific knowledge and perception of personal ability questions were associated with preventive behaviors for COVID-19 infection. To improve personal preventive behaviors in healthcare workers, these factors should be emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chutatip Limkunakul
- Department of Internal Medicine, Panyananthaphikkhu Chonprathan Medical Center, Srinakharinwirot University, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Sadiporn Phuthomdee
- Department of Academic and Research, Panyananthaphikkhu Chonprathan Medical Center, Srinakharinwirot University, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Palakorn Srinithiwat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Panyananthaphikkhu Chonprathan Medical Center, Srinakharinwirot University, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Sasinun Chanthanaroj
- Department of Academic and Research, Panyananthaphikkhu Chonprathan Medical Center, Srinakharinwirot University, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Watchara Boonsawat
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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Liu Z, Gao L, Xue C, Zhao C, Liu T, Tia A, Wang L, Sun J, Li Z, Harding D. Epidemiological Trends of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Sierra Leone From March 2020 to October 2021. Front Public Health 2022; 10:949425. [PMID: 35844842 PMCID: PMC9276960 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.949425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a serious public health challenge the world over, has led to significant health concerns in Sierra Leone. In the present study, epidemic indices, such as the number of cases, positivity rate, reproduction rate (R0), case fatality rate (CFR), age, and sex, were used to characterize the epidemiological trends of COVID-19. As of October 31, 2021, a total of 6,398 cases and 121 related deaths had been confirmed. The total number of COVID-19 reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) tests conducted to October 31, 2021, was 249,534, and the average positivity rate was 2.56%. Three waves of COVID-19 were recorded, occurring during weeks 15–46 in 2020 (2,369 cases), week 47 in 2020 to week 16 in 2021 (1,665 cases), and weeks 17–43 in 2021 (2,364 cases), respectively. Remarkably, there was no increase in the numbers of confirmed COVID-19 cases despite rising test numbers throughout the three waves. Moreover, three high R0 values were observed before each wave. The number of positive cases significantly correlated with positive numbers of international arrivals (P < 0.01), deaths (P < 0.01), and the positivity rate of tested samples (P < 0.01). Moreover, all of the deaths occurred during the peak of the three waves. Our results indicate that there was a low level of COVID-19 epidemic in Sierra Leone and that COVID-19's introduction led to local transmission. It is vital to fight against the spread of SARS-CoV-2 from the source of origin by strengthening testing and management of people entering the country. Our findings will provide important clues for expanding sample screening and will contribute to the reasonable allocation of medical resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguo Liu
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Sierra Leone-China Friendship Biological Safety Laboratory, Freetown, Sierra Leone
| | - Liping Gao
- Sierra Leone-China Friendship Biological Safety Laboratory, Freetown, Sierra Leone
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Chuizhao Xue
- Sierra Leone-China Friendship Biological Safety Laboratory, Freetown, Sierra Leone
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunchun Zhao
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Sierra Leone-China Friendship Biological Safety Laboratory, Freetown, Sierra Leone
| | - Tiezhu Liu
- Sierra Leone-China Friendship Biological Safety Laboratory, Freetown, Sierra Leone
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Alie Tia
- Sierra Leone-China Friendship Biological Safety Laboratory, Freetown, Sierra Leone
| | - Lili Wang
- Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early-Warning on Infectious Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Junling Sun
- Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early-Warning on Infectious Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Junling Sun
| | - Zhenjun Li
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Zhenjun Li
| | - Doris Harding
- Central Public Health Reference Laboratories, Ministry of Health and Sanitation, Freetown, Sierra Leone
- Doris Harding
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Bernardes JM, Magalhães DMDS, Alonso MS, Gómez-Salgado J, Ruiz-Frutos C, Romero A, Días A. Knowledge of COVID-19 among Brazilian health care professionals and associated factors. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e29067. [PMID: 35713424 PMCID: PMC9276308 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000029067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Health care professional's knowledge is essential to contain epidemics. This research aimed to evaluate the knowledge of Brazilian health care professionals regarding COVID-19 to analyze whether there is a difference in knowledge between professionals in Primary Health Care and those in other levels of care or not; and to identify factors associated with knowledge. This is a cross-sectional study, including 716 participants who answered an online questionnaire between April and May 2020. Descriptive statistics, difference tests between groups, and logistic regression models were used to analyze the data. The average knowledge score was 12.42 points (out of a possible total of 15). There was no significant difference between professionals in Primary Health Care and those in other levels of care. Knowledge was associated with age, profession, perception regarding media's information quality, and hours exposed to information on COVID-19. Participants showed adequate knowledge, despite some specific gaps. Continuing education actions should prioritize younger nonmedical professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Marcos Bernardes
- Graduate Program in Collective/Public Health, Botucatu Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Estadual Paulista / UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Melissa Spröesser Alonso
- Graduate Program in Collective/Public Health, Botucatu Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Estadual Paulista / UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juan Gómez-Salgado
- Department of Sociology, Social Work and Public Health, Faculty of Labour Sciences, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
- Safety and Health Postgraduate Programme, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Carlos Ruiz-Frutos
- Department of Sociology, Social Work and Public Health, Faculty of Labour Sciences, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
- Safety and Health Postgraduate Programme, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Adolfo Romero
- Nursing and Podiatry Department, University of Málaga, IBIMA, Málaga, Spain
| | - Adriano Días
- Graduate Program in Collective/Public Health, Botucatu Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Estadual Paulista / UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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Fofanah BD, Abrahamyan A, Maruta A, Kallon C, Thekkur P, Kamara IF, Njuguna CK, Squire JS, Kanu JS, Bah AJ, Lakoh S, Kamara D, Hermans V, Zachariah R. Achieving Minimum Standards for Infection Prevention and Control in Sierra Leone: Urgent Need for a Quantum Leap in Progress in the COVID-19 Era! INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:5642. [PMID: 35565037 PMCID: PMC9102022 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Good Infection prevention and control (IPC) is vital for tackling antimicrobial resistance and limiting health care-associated infections. We compared IPC performance before (2019) and during the COVID-19 (2021) era at the national IPC unit and all regional (4) and district hospitals (8) in Sierra Leone. METHODS Cross-sectional assessments using standardized World Health Organizations IPC checklists. IPC performance scores were graded as inadequate = 0-25%, basic = 25.1-50%, intermediate = 50.1-75%, and advanced = 75.1-100%. RESULTS Overall performance improved from 'basic' to 'intermediate' at the national IPC unit (41% in 2019 to 58% in 2021) and at regional hospitals (37% in 2019 to 54% in 2021) but remained 'basic' at district hospitals (37% in 2019 to 50% in 2021). Priority gaps at the national IPC unit included lack of: a dedicated IPC budget, monitoring the effectiveness of IPC trainings and health care-associated infection surveillance. Gaps at hospitals included no assessment of hospital staffing needs, inadequate infrastructure for IPC and lack of a well-defined monitoring plan with clear goals, targets and activities. CONCLUSION Although there is encouraging progress in IPC performance, it is slower than desired in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. There is urgent need to mobilize political will, leadership and resources and make a quantum leap forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bobson Derrick Fofanah
- World Health Organization Country Office, 21A-B Riverside Drive, Brookfields, Freetown 00232, Sierra Leone; (A.M.); (I.F.K.); (C.K.N.)
| | - Arpine Abrahamyan
- Tuberculosis Research and Prevention Center (TBRPC), Yerevan 0014, Armenia;
| | - Anna Maruta
- World Health Organization Country Office, 21A-B Riverside Drive, Brookfields, Freetown 00232, Sierra Leone; (A.M.); (I.F.K.); (C.K.N.)
| | - Christiana Kallon
- National Infection Prevention and Control Coordinating Unit, Ministry of Health and Sanitation, Freetown 00232, Sierra Leone;
| | - Pruthu Thekkur
- Centre for Operational Research, International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 75001 Paris, France;
| | - Ibrahim Franklyn Kamara
- World Health Organization Country Office, 21A-B Riverside Drive, Brookfields, Freetown 00232, Sierra Leone; (A.M.); (I.F.K.); (C.K.N.)
| | - Charles Kuria Njuguna
- World Health Organization Country Office, 21A-B Riverside Drive, Brookfields, Freetown 00232, Sierra Leone; (A.M.); (I.F.K.); (C.K.N.)
| | - James Sylvester Squire
- Directorate of Health Security and Emergencies, Ministry of Health and Sanitation, Freetown 00232, Sierra Leone; (J.S.S.); (J.S.K.)
| | - Joseph Sam Kanu
- Directorate of Health Security and Emergencies, Ministry of Health and Sanitation, Freetown 00232, Sierra Leone; (J.S.S.); (J.S.K.)
- College of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of Sierra Leone, Freetown 00232, Sierra Leone; (A.J.B.); (S.L.)
| | - Abdulai Jawo Bah
- College of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of Sierra Leone, Freetown 00232, Sierra Leone; (A.J.B.); (S.L.)
- Institute of Global Health and Development, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh EH21 6UU, UK
| | - Sulaiman Lakoh
- College of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of Sierra Leone, Freetown 00232, Sierra Leone; (A.J.B.); (S.L.)
- Department of Medicine, University of Sierra Leone Teaching Hospitals Complex, Freetown 00232, Sierra Leone
| | - Dauda Kamara
- Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) Program, Ministry of Health and Sanitation, Freetown 00232, Sierra Leone;
| | - Veerle Hermans
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Operational Centre Brussels, 68, Rue de Gasperich, 1617 Luxembourg, Belgium;
| | - Rony Zachariah
- UNICEF, UNDP, World Bank, WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR), Avenue Appia 20, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland;
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Kabir H, Hasan MK, Rahman M, Akter S, Chowdhury GI, Bhuya MTR, Mitra DK. Perception of mucormycosis infection among Bangladeshi healthcare workers: an exploratory cross-sectional study in the year following the COVID-19 pandemic. BULLETIN OF THE NATIONAL RESEARCH CENTRE 2022; 46:11. [PMID: 35068920 PMCID: PMC8760587 DOI: 10.1186/s42269-022-00696-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mucormycosis, a severe fungal infection, is an emerging public health concern during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to investigate the perception of mucormycosis among Bangladeshi healthcare workers. RESULTS An exploratory cross-sectional study was carried out among the Bangladeshi healthcare workers from May 25, 2021, to June 5, 2021. The study found 422 responses from the healthcare workers of Bangladesh. Among the respondents, nearly half of them (45.26%) were doctors (n = 191). This study explored that the healthcare workers' mucormycosis perception scores were significantly associated with their age, gender, profession, monthly income, marital status, job type, and death of friends and family members due to COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS This study emphasized the healthcare workers' mucormycosis perception along with other associated factors. The findings could help policymakers to mitigate mucormycosis and related infectious diseases emergencies in the post-COVID-19 situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humayun Kabir
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Plot 15, Block B, Bashundhara, Dhaka, 1229 Bangladesh
| | - Md. Kamrul Hasan
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Plot 15, Block B, Bashundhara, Dhaka, 1229 Bangladesh
| | - Mamunur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, East West University, Dhaka, 1212 Bangladesh
| | - Shimpi Akter
- Bangladesh University of Professionals, Mirpur Cantonment, Dhaka, 1216 Bangladesh
| | | | | | - Dipak Kumar Mitra
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Plot 15, Block B, Bashundhara, Dhaka, 1229 Bangladesh
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Abstract
Background: By 2040, the predicted global cancer burden is expected to be more than 27 million new cancer cases per year. Understanding primary health care workers’ (HCWs) perception on cancer can highlight new ways in which cancer advocacy can be increased. This study aimed to explore the perceptions of primary HCWs in Lautoka, Fiji, towards common cancers with focus on knowledge, risk perceptions, barriers and preventive approaches. Methods: The study used a qualitative method approach. The study was conducted among primary HCWs at four purposively selected health centres in Lautoka Subdivision, Fiji, from 1 March 2021 to 1 April 2021. Focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted with primary HCWs. A semi-structured open-ended questionnaire was used to collect data, and the FGDs were audio-recorded. These audio recordings were transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis. Results: The responses from the four FGDs with six primary HCWs in each group emerged four major themes. These themes were cancer knowledge, health professional training, barriers and challenges and awareness strategies. Primary HCWs were not fully aware about common cancers and were not confident to discuss about cancer with their patients which is an important role of primary HCWs in cancer management. This lack of knowledge was attributed to less training received in primary care setting. Barriers to accessing cancer screening included misconceptions about cancer, negative attitudes from patients, stigmatization, lack of resources at health facility and less informed health staff. Community outreach programmes, opportunistic screening, community HCWs and the concept of a cancer hub centre were awareness strategies highlighted by primary HCWs. Conclusions: Lack of knowledge about common cancers among primary HCWs is a concern that is depicted well in this study. This low knowledge was attributed to lack of training on cancers received by primary HCWs. Guidelines on cancer screening and diagnosis can be developed by the health ministry to assist primary HCWs in detecting patients at pre-cancerous stage.
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Altraif S, Almezaini L, Alsaif H, Altraif I. Knowledge, attitude, and practice of family medicine residents toward COVID-19 in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. JOURNAL OF NATURE AND SCIENCE OF MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_120_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Abdalla S, Joho AA. Midwives' Knowledge and Preparedness in Providing Maternity Care During COVID-19 Pandemic in Dodoma Region, Tanzania: A Cross-Sectional Study. SAGE Open Nurs 2022; 8:23779608221116695. [PMID: 35923913 PMCID: PMC9340316 DOI: 10.1177/23779608221116695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background COVID-19 pandemic has a high impact on the health of pregnant women and healthcare providers worldwide. Objective This study aims to assess midwives' knowledge and preparedness in providing maternity care during COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A cross-sectional analytical hospital-based study that included 116 midwives, who were working in labor ward, was conducted in the Dodoma region of Tanzania from March to June 2021. The Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used to assess the association between the categorical variables. The predictors of midwives' knowledge and preparedness were determined using binary logistic regression analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 23.0; p < .05 was considered to be significant. Results Of the midwives studied, 63 (54.3%) had adequate knowledge about COVID-19 and only 30 (25.9%) were adequately prepared on provision of maternal care. Having diploma/bachelor level of education (AOR = 2.62, 95%CI = 1.08-6.36, p = .033), being trained on COVID-19 (AOR = 3.65, 95%CI = 1.11-12.00, p = .033) and working in urban health facilities (AOR = 3.65, 95%CI = 1.17-13.98, p = .002) were the significant determinants of midwives' knowledge on COVID-19. Working at a health center (AOR = 0.19, 95%CI = 0.03-1.32. p = .033), being trained on COVID-19 (AOR = 0.04, 95%CI = 0.01-0.14, p = .000 and having adequate knowledge on COVID-19 (AOR = 0.20, 95%CI = 0.03-1.32, p = .032) were determinants of midwives' preparedness on provision of maternal care. Conclusion Knowledge and preparedness in the provision of maternity care during the COVID-19 pandemic were low. Emphasis should be put on training midwives on IPC when providing maternity care. This may help in preventing the spread of infectious diseases including COVID-19 as we observed in the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subira Abdalla
- Department of Clinical Nursing, School of Nursing and Public Health,
The University of Dodoma, Dodoma, Tanzania
| | - Angelina A. Joho
- Department of Clinical Nursing, School of Nursing and Public Health,
The University of Dodoma, Dodoma, Tanzania
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Jia Y, Ma S, Bai L, Xiao Q, Wu Y, Gao Y, Han Y, Xie Z, Tang X, Ge J. Health Literacy and Disparities in Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Regarding COVID-19 Among College Students During the COVID-19 Outbreak in China: A Cross-Sectional Study. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2021; 14:4477-4488. [PMID: 34754254 PMCID: PMC8572096 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s319331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) towards COVID-19 of Chinese college students during the COVID-19 outbreak and identify the determinants considerably associated with KAP. Methods An online cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted in February 2020 in China to recruit participants on the Wen-Juan-Xing online platform. A self-made questionnaire was used to assess the KAP towards COVID-19. Results The average scores of COVID-19-related KAP among college students were 32.16 ± 4.09, 16.84 ± 3.18 and 15.36 ± 1.83, respectively. The average correct response rate of COVID-19-related knowledge was 84.62%. 94.59% of the respondents believed China could control and conquer the pandemic; 98.92% of the respondents wore a mask when they went out. The multiple linear regression showed that the female students had higher scores of COVID-19-related knowledge than male students (β = 0.79, P = 0.01), and the students from 985 or 211 universities (β = -2.22, P < 0.01) were significantly associated with higher knowledge scores. Furthermore, a significantly positive correlation was found between the scores of COVID-19-related KAP among students. Conclusion The college students had a good KAP towards the COVID-19 pandemic. The present study was able to access the COVID-19-related KAP among college students during the pandemic and identify their weaknesses in pandemic prevention. Consequently, the results of this study provide theoretical basis for implementing precision health education among college students and reference for campuses to conduct scientific prevention and control during a pandemic. Results also provide beneficial experience to curb similar major public health emergencies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehui Jia
- School of Public Health, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuli Ma
- School of Public Health, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianjie Bai
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Xiao
- School of Nursing, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Wu
- School of Nursing, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Gao
- School of Mental Health, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunfeng Han
- School of Public Health, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiping Xie
- School of Public Health, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Tang
- Sanitary Analysis Center, Scientific Research Office, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Ge
- School of Public Health, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
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Seruwagi G, Nakidde C, Otieno F, Kayiwa J, Luswata B, Lugada E, Ochen EA, Muhangi D, Okot B, Ddamulira D, Masaba A, Lawoko S. Healthworker preparedness for COVID-19 management and implementation experiences: a mixed methods study in Uganda's refugee-hosting districts. Confl Health 2021; 15:79. [PMID: 34732235 PMCID: PMC8564594 DOI: 10.1186/s13031-021-00415-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The negative impact of COVID-19 on population health outcomes raises critical questions on health system preparedness and resilience, especially in resource-limited settings. This study examined healthworker preparedness for COVID-19 management and implementation experiences in Uganda’s refugee-hosting districts. Methods A cross sectional, mixed-method descriptive study in 17 health facilities in 7 districts from 4 major regions. Total sample size was 485 including > 370 health care workers (HCWs). HCW knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) was assessed by using a pre-validated questionnaire. The quantitative data was processed and analysed using SPSS 26, and statistical significance assumed at p < 0.05 for all statistical tests. Bloom's cutoff of 80% was used to determine threshold for sufficient knowledge level and practices with scores classified as high (80.0–100.0%), average (60.0–79.0%) and low (≤ 59.0%). HCW implementation experiences and key stakeholder opinions were further explored qualitatively using interviews which were audio-recorded, coded and thematically analysed. Results On average 71% of HCWs were knowledgeable on the various aspects of COVID-19, although there is a wide variation in knowledge. Awareness of symptoms ranked highest among 95% (p value < 0.0001) of HCWs while awareness of the criteria for intubation for COVID-19 patients ranked lowest with only 35% (p value < 0.0001). Variations were noted on falsehoods about COVID-19 causes, prevention and treatment across Central (p value < 0.0356) and West Nile (p value < 0.0161) regions. Protective practices include adequate ventilation, virtual meetings and HCW training. Deficient practices were around psychosocial and lifestyle support, remote working and contingency plans for HCW safety. The work environment has immensely changed with increased demands on the amount of work, skills and variation in nature of work. HCWs reported moderate control over their work environment but with a high level of support from supervisors (88%) and colleagues (93%). Conclusions HCWs preparedness is inadequate in some aspects. Implementation of healthcare interventions is constrained by the complexity of Uganda’s health system design, top-down approach of the national response to COVID-19 and longstanding health system bottlenecks. We recommend continuous information sharing on COVID-19, a design review with capacity strengthening at all health facility levels and investing in community-facing strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Seruwagi
- Centre for Health and Social Economic Improvement (CHASE-i) - Department of Social Work and Social Administration (SWSA), Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda. .,Department of Health Policy Planning and Management (HPPM), Makerere University School of Public Health (MakSPH), Kampala, Uganda.
| | - Catherine Nakidde
- Centre for Health and Social Economic Improvement (CHASE-i) - Department of Social Work and Social Administration (SWSA), Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Felix Otieno
- Centre for Health and Social Economic Improvement (CHASE-i) - Department of Social Work and Social Administration (SWSA), Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.,Infotrak Research Consulting, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Joshua Kayiwa
- Public Health Emergency Operations Centre (PHEOC), Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Brian Luswata
- Directorate of Health Governance and Regulation, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Eric Lugada
- Centre for Health and Social Economic Improvement (CHASE-i) - Department of Social Work and Social Administration (SWSA), Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Eric Awich Ochen
- Centre for Health and Social Economic Improvement (CHASE-i) - Department of Social Work and Social Administration (SWSA), Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Denis Muhangi
- Centre for Health and Social Economic Improvement (CHASE-i) - Department of Social Work and Social Administration (SWSA), Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Betty Okot
- Centre for Health and Social Economic Improvement (CHASE-i) - Department of Social Work and Social Administration (SWSA), Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Dunstan Ddamulira
- Agency for Cooperation in Research and Development (ACORD), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Andrew Masaba
- The Lutheran World Federation (LWF), LWF, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Stephen Lawoko
- Department of Public Health - Faculty of Medicine, Gulu University, Gulu, Uganda
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Angelo AT, Alemayehu DS, Dachew AM. Health care workers intention to accept COVID-19 vaccine and associated factors in southwestern Ethiopia, 2021. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257109. [PMID: 34478470 PMCID: PMC8415602 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Health care workers are the most affected part of the world population due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Countries prioritize vaccinating health workers against COVID-19 because of their susceptibility to the virus. However, the acceptability of the vaccine varies across populations. Thus, this study aimed to determine the health care worker's intentions to accept the COVID-19 vaccine and its associated factors in southwestern Ethiopia, 2021. METHODS A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among health care workers in public hospitals in southwestern Ethiopia from March 15 to 28, 2021. A simple random sampling method was used to select 405 participants from each hospital. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires. Descriptive statistics, such as frequency and percentage, were calculated. Multivariable logistic regression was also performed to identify factors associated with health care worker's intention to accept the COVID-19 vaccine. Statistically significant variables were selected based on p-values (<0.05) and the adjusted odds ratio was used to describe the strength of association with 95% confidence intervals. RESULT Among the respondents, 48.4% [95% CI: 38.6, 58.2] of health care workers intended to accept COVID-19. Intention to accept COVID-19 vaccination was significantly associated with physicians (AOR = 9.27, 95% CI: 1.27-27.32), professionals with a history of chronic illness (AOR = 4.07, 95% CI: 2.02-8.21), perceived degree of risk of COVID-19 infection (AOR = 4.63, 95% CI: 1.26-16.98), positive attitude toward COVID-19 prevention (AOR = 6.08, 95% CI: 3.39-10.91) and good preventive practices (AOR = 2.83, 95% CI: 1.58-5.08). CONCLUSION In this study, the intention of health care workers to accept the COVID-19 vaccine was low. Professional types, history of chronic illness, perceived degree of risk to COVID-19 infection, attitude toward COVID-19 and preventive practices were found to be factors for intention to accept COVID-19 vaccine in professionals. It is important to consider professional types, history of chronic illness, perceived degree of risk to COVID-19, attitude of professionals and preventive behaviors to improve the intention of professionals' vaccine acceptance.
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Walle Z, Berihun G, Keleb A, Teshome D, Berhanu L. COVID-19 Prevention Practices and Determinant Factors Among Healthcare Professionals Working in Hospitals of South Gondar Zone, Northwestern Ethiopia. J Multidiscip Healthc 2021; 14:2287-2298. [PMID: 34456571 PMCID: PMC8388848 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s325127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been a global public health crisis since December 2019. Health care professionals (HCP) are highly vulnerable for contracting the disease. Due to the absence of known treatment, prevention is the best option for controlling its transmission. OBJECTIVE The study aimed to assess COVID-19 prevention practices and determinant factors among HCP working in hospitals of South Gondar ZoneH, Northwestern Ethiopia. METHODS Institution-based cross-sectional study design was used from July 1 to 30, 2020 among 372 HCPs. The participants were selected on random sampling technique basis. Data were entered into Epi data version 3.1 and exported to Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS V.25) software for data cleaning and analysis. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between independent variables and prevention practice of COVID-19. RESULTS A total of 372 HCPs participated in the study with a response rate of 94.9%. Less than one-third 112 (30.1%) of the participants were females. About 308 (82.8%), 285 (76.6%), and 224 (60.2%) of the participants had good knowledge, positive attitude, and good prevention practice towards COVID-19, respectively. Being male (AOR =2.68; 95% CI (confidence interval): 1.50,4.81), 2-5 years working experience (AOR= 4.61; 95% CI: 1.70,12.47), greater than five years working experience (AOR= 5.86; 95% CI: 2.01,17.05), age of 31-40 years old (AOR= 2.49; 95% CI; 1.41,4.41), above 40 years (AOR= 6.94; 95% CI: 2.33-20.71), use of COVID-19 guideline (AOR= 4.79; 95% CI: 2.17-10.53), and using peers as sources of information about COVID-19 (AOR= 2.06; 95% CI: 1.07-3.94) were factors of COVID-19 prevention practices. CONCLUSION Less than two-thirds of the participants had good COVID-19 prevention practices. Sex, work experience, age, use of COVID-19 guideline, and using peers as sources of information were factors of COVID-19 prevention practices. Hence, continuous information dissemination and experience sharing on COVID-19 prevention should be done continuously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zebader Walle
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Gete Berihun
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Awoke Keleb
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Daniel Teshome
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Leykun Berhanu
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
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Kamacooko O, Kitonsa J, Bahemuka UM, Kibengo FM, Wajja A, Basajja V, Lumala A, Kakande A, Kafeero P, Ssemwanga E, Asaba R, Mugisha J, Pierce BF, Shattock RJ, Kaleebu P, Ruzagira E. Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding COVID-19 among Healthcare Workers in Uganda: A Cross-Sectional Survey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:7004. [PMID: 34208959 PMCID: PMC8297128 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18137004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at high risk of COVID-19. However, data on HCWs' knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) toward COVID-19 are limited. Between September and November 2020, we conducted a questionnaire-based COVID-19 KAP survey among HCWs at three hospitals in Uganda. We used Bloom's cut-off of ≥80% to determine sufficient knowledge, good attitude, and good practice, and multivariate Poisson regression with robust variance for statistical analysis. Of 717 HCWs invited to participate, 657 (91.6%) agreed and were enrolled. The mean age (standard deviation) of enrollees was 33.2 (10.2) years; most were clinical HCWs (64.7%) and had advanced secondary school/other higher-level education (57.8%). Overall, 83.9% had sufficient knowledge, 78.4% had a positive attitude, and 37.0% had good practices toward COVID-19. Factors associated with KAP were: Knowledge: being a clinical HCW (aRR: 1.12; 95% CI: 1.02-1.23) and previous participation in health research (aRR: 1.10; 95% CI: 1.04-1.17); Attitude: age > 35 years (aRR: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.79-0.98); Practice: being a clinical HCW (aRR: 1.91; 95% CI: 1.41-2.59). HCWs in Uganda have good knowledge and positive attitude but poor practices towards COVID-19. Differences in COVID-19 KAP between clinical and non-clinical HCWs could affect uptake of COVID-19 interventions including vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onesmus Kamacooko
- Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe P.O. Box 49, Uganda; (J.K.); (U.M.B.); (F.M.K.); (A.W.); (V.B.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (J.M.); (P.K.); (E.R.)
| | - Jonathan Kitonsa
- Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe P.O. Box 49, Uganda; (J.K.); (U.M.B.); (F.M.K.); (A.W.); (V.B.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (J.M.); (P.K.); (E.R.)
| | - Ubaldo M. Bahemuka
- Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe P.O. Box 49, Uganda; (J.K.); (U.M.B.); (F.M.K.); (A.W.); (V.B.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (J.M.); (P.K.); (E.R.)
| | - Freddie M. Kibengo
- Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe P.O. Box 49, Uganda; (J.K.); (U.M.B.); (F.M.K.); (A.W.); (V.B.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (J.M.); (P.K.); (E.R.)
| | - Anne Wajja
- Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe P.O. Box 49, Uganda; (J.K.); (U.M.B.); (F.M.K.); (A.W.); (V.B.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (J.M.); (P.K.); (E.R.)
| | - Vincent Basajja
- Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe P.O. Box 49, Uganda; (J.K.); (U.M.B.); (F.M.K.); (A.W.); (V.B.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (J.M.); (P.K.); (E.R.)
| | | | - Ayoub Kakande
- Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe P.O. Box 49, Uganda; (J.K.); (U.M.B.); (F.M.K.); (A.W.); (V.B.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (J.M.); (P.K.); (E.R.)
| | - Paddy Kafeero
- Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe P.O. Box 49, Uganda; (J.K.); (U.M.B.); (F.M.K.); (A.W.); (V.B.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (J.M.); (P.K.); (E.R.)
| | | | - Robert Asaba
- Our Lady of Consolata Kisubi Hospital, Entebbe P.O. Box 40, Uganda;
| | - Joseph Mugisha
- Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe P.O. Box 49, Uganda; (J.K.); (U.M.B.); (F.M.K.); (A.W.); (V.B.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (J.M.); (P.K.); (E.R.)
| | - Benjamin F. Pierce
- Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK; (B.F.P.); (R.J.S.)
| | - Robin J. Shattock
- Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK; (B.F.P.); (R.J.S.)
| | - Pontiano Kaleebu
- Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe P.O. Box 49, Uganda; (J.K.); (U.M.B.); (F.M.K.); (A.W.); (V.B.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (J.M.); (P.K.); (E.R.)
| | - Eugene Ruzagira
- Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe P.O. Box 49, Uganda; (J.K.); (U.M.B.); (F.M.K.); (A.W.); (V.B.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (J.M.); (P.K.); (E.R.)
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Associations between Indoor Environmental Quality and Infectious Diseases Knowledge, Beliefs and Practices of Hotel Workers in Wuhan, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18126367. [PMID: 34208312 PMCID: PMC8296191 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Knowledge, beliefs, and practices regarding infectious diseases are key elements that ensure practitioners' health and safety. It is important to carry out such a survey in hotels. This study aims to determine the levels of knowledge, beliefs, and practices regarding infectious diseases among practitioners and their associations with the environmental quality of hotels in Wuhan, China. We surveyed infectious disease knowledge, beliefs, and practices of practitioners in 18 hotels and detected these hotels' environment, including physical factors of temperature, humidity, noise, and the indoor air quality of benzene, toluene, xylene, formaldehyde, CO, CO2, the total count of fungi, aerobic plate count, PM10, and PM2.5. 128 practitioners were included, and 28.9% were male. The questionnaire included knowledge, beliefs, and practices regarding infectious diseases. Our study found moderate levels of knowledge and beliefs, and good health practices. People's beliefs toward COVID-19 were correlated significantly with their knowledge (p < 0.05). Beliefs and health practices were correlated significantly with environmental quality (p < 0.05). However, the environmental quality was correlated negatively with the classification of hotels. Conclusively, despite the good health practices of practitioners, the knowledge and beliefs toward infectious diseases need to strengthen. Hotels should emphasize health education in practitioners and the improvement of environmental hygiene. Integrating all three components into a comprehensive environmental promotion program is warranted.
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Arrais M, Dias W, Gama JMR, Brito M. Physicians' perceptions of their knowledge and the preparedness of health facilities in Angola to diagnose and manage COVID-19. Int Health 2021; 14:103-110. [PMID: 33845486 PMCID: PMC8083292 DOI: 10.1093/inthealth/ihab017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Healthcare professionals represent a vulnerable group in terms of responding to COVID-19. Knowledge can influence healthcare professionals through adoption of the correct attitudes and practices. The aim of this study was to evaluate, by a questionnaire, the perceptions of physicians about their level of knowledge as well as conditions in their workplaces for dealing with COVID-19. Methods A cross-sectional study of Angolan physicians took place from 11 May to 23 June 2020. A questionnaire was electronically shared across social media and via email. Results The sample consisted of 637 valid questionnaires; 53% of respondents were female, 41% were aged 31–40 y and 79% were from Luanda province. About 51% of physicians perceived that they had adequate knowledge about COVID-19 and 64% used personal protective equipment. These figures were higher among specialists from the province of Luanda. About 81% stated that their health units lacked the technical capacity to diagnose COVID-19. Only 35% of health units have chest tomography equipment; 44% are prepared for the care and/or isolation of patients. Only 33% of units are running intensive care units. The main concerns of physicians were training opportunities and limited access to personal protective equipment. Conclusion The results show that it is necessary to strengthen physicians’ knowledge about COVID-19, as well as to improve the conditions of the health units, so as to promote safe practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarete Arrais
- Department of Pulmonology , Military Hospital, Luanda, Angola.,CISA - Health Research Centre of Angola, Caxito, Bengo, Angola
| | | | - Jorge M R Gama
- Centre of Mathematics and Applications, Faculty of Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Miguel Brito
- CISA - Health Research Centre of Angola, Caxito, Bengo, Angola.,Health and Technology Research Centre (H&TRC), Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Portugal
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