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Pérez-Fernández V, Thananjeyan AL, Ullah F, Münch G, Cameron M, Gyengesi E. The effects of a highly bioavailable curcumin Phytosome TM preparation on the retinal architecture and glial reactivity in the GFAP-IL6 mice. FRONTIERS IN OPHTHALMOLOGY 2023; 3:1205542. [PMID: 38983084 PMCID: PMC11182199 DOI: 10.3389/fopht.2023.1205542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Uncontrolled, chronic inflammation in the retina can disturb retinal structure and function leading to impaired visual function. For the first time, in a mouse model of chronic neuroinflammation (GFAP-IL6), we investigated the impact of chronic glial activation on the retinal microglia population and structure. In addition, we tested a curcumin PhytosomeTM preparation with enhanced bioavailability to investigate the effects of a cytokine-suppressing anti-inflammatory drug on retinal architecture. Curcumin PhytosomeTM was fed to 3-month old GFAP-IL6 mice for 4 weeks and compared to their untreated GFAP-IL6 counterparts as well as wild type mice on control diet. Microglial numbers and morphology together with neuronal numbers were characterized using immunohistochemistry and cell reconstruction in the retina, using retinal wholemount and slices. GFAP-IL6 mice showed a significant increase in Iba1-labelled mononuclear phagocytes, including microglia, and displayed altered glial morphology. This resulted in a reduction in cone density and a thinning of the retinal layers compared to wild type mice. Curcumin PhytosomeTM treatment contributed to decreased microglial density, significantly decreasing both soma and cell size compared to control diet, as well as preventing the thinning of the retinal layers. This study is the first to characterize the impact of chronic retinal inflammation in the GFAP-IL6 mouse and the therapeutic benefit of enhanced bioavailable curcumin PhytosomeTM to significantly reduce microglia density and prevent neuronal loss. These data suggest that curcumin could be used as a complementary therapy alongside traditional treatments to reduce associated retinal inflammation in a variety of retinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Pérez-Fernández
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Faheem Ullah
- Department of Pharmacology, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
- Neurosurgery, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Gerald Münch
- Department of Pharmacology, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
| | - Morven Cameron
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
| | - Erika Gyengesi
- Department of Pharmacology, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
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Efficacy and Safety of TurmXTRA® 60N in Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness in Healthy, Recreationally Active Subjects: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:9110414. [PMID: 35966736 PMCID: PMC9374544 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9110414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Delayed onset of muscle soreness (DOMS) and its physiological consequences influenced an individual's adherence to an exercise routine. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of TurmXTRA® 60N (WDTE60N) on DOMS compared to placebo in recreationally active healthy subjects. Methods This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel-group study enrolled 30 healthy and recreationally active subjects (average age: 28.23 ± 4.20 years) and randomized them to receive WDTE60N (WDTE60N group; n = 15) or placebo (placebo group; n = 15). Study treatments were initiated 29 days before the eccentric exercise and were continued for 4 days after the exercise. The primary endpoint was the change in pain intensity measured by the visual analog scale (VAS) at the end of study treatment (at 96 hours after eccentric exercise) from baseline (measured immediately after exercise). Results The VAS score indicated that subjects from the WDTE60N group reported significantly less pain after eccentric exercise compared to the placebo group (AUC0–96h: 286.8 ± 46.7 vs. 460 ± 40.5, respectively; p < 0.0001). Well-being status was assessed using the adapted version of the Hooper and MacKinnon questionnaire and was calculated as individual and cumulative scores of the domains (fatigue, mood, general muscle soreness, sleep quality, and stress) that demonstrated improvement in all domains and in overall well-being in the WDTE60N group compared to the placebo group (p < 0.0001). Serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was significantly lower in the WDTE60N group compared to the placebo group (AUC0–96h: 23623.7 ± 2532.0 vs. 26138.6 ± 3669.5, respectively; p=0.0446). Conclusion Intake of WDTE60N before and after eccentric exercise significantly reduced subjective perception of muscle soreness and serum LDH activity and increased the psychological well-being in recreationally active subjects.
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Barani M, Sangiovanni E, Angarano M, Rajizadeh MA, Mehrabani M, Piazza S, Gangadharappa HV, Pardakhty A, Mehrbani M, Dell’Agli M, Nematollahi MH. Phytosomes as Innovative Delivery Systems for Phytochemicals: A Comprehensive Review of Literature. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:6983-7022. [PMID: 34703224 PMCID: PMC8527653 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s318416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, medicinal herbs and their phytochemicals have emerged as a great therapeutic option for many disorders. However, poor bioavailability and selectivity might limit their clinical application. Therefore, bioavailability is considered a notable challenge to improve bio-efficacy in transporting dietary phytochemicals. Different methods have been proposed for generating effective carrier systems to enhance the bioavailability of phytochemicals. Among them, nano-vesicles have been introduced as promising candidates for the delivery of insoluble phytochemicals. Due to the easy preparation of the bilayer vesicles and their adaptability, they have been widely used and approved by the scientific literature. The first part of the review is focused on introducing phytosome technology as well as its applications, with emphasis on principles of formulations and characterization. The second part provides a wide overview of biological activities of commercial and non-commercial phytosomes, divided by systems and related pathologies. These results confirm the greater effectiveness of phytosomes, both in terms of biological activity or reduced dosage, highlighting curcumin and silymarin as the most formulated compounds. Finally, we describe the promising clinical and experimental findings regarding the applications of phytosomes. The conclusion of this study encourages the researchers to transfer their knowledge from laboratories to market, for a further development of these products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Barani
- Medical Mycology and Bacteriology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, 76169-13555, Iran
| | - Enrico Sangiovanni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Marco Angarano
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | | | - Mehrnaz Mehrabani
- Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Stefano Piazza
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | | | - Abbas Pardakhty
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mehrzad Mehrbani
- Department of Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Traditional Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mario Dell’Agli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Mohammad Hadi Nematollahi
- Herbal and Traditional Medicines Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Tuyaerts S, Rombauts K, Everaert T, Van Nuffel AMT, Amant F. A Phase 2 Study to Assess the Immunomodulatory Capacity of a Lecithin-based Delivery System of Curcumin in Endometrial Cancer. Front Nutr 2019; 5:138. [PMID: 30687714 PMCID: PMC6336921 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2018.00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Curcumin is a botanical with anti-tumor and immunomodulatory properties. We hypothesized that curcumin supplementation might influence inflammatory biomarker levels in endometrial carcinoma (EC). In this open-label, non-randomized phase 2 study (NCT02017353), seven EC patients consumed 2 g/day Curcumin Phytosome (CP) orally for 2 weeks. Blood was taken at baseline, days 1, 7, 14, and 21. The following analytes were measured: curcuminoids and metabolites, 56 inflammatory biomarkers, COX-2, frequencies of myeloid-derived suppressor cells, dendritic cells and NK cells, expression of MHC molecules on leukocytes and monocytes and activation/memory status of T cells. Patients completed quality of life (QoL) questionnaires at baseline and end of treatment. Curcumin metabolites were detectable in plasma upon CP intake. CP downregulated MHC expression levels on leukocytes (P = 0.0313), the frequency of monocytes (P = 0.0114) and ICOS expression by CD8+ T cells (P = 0.0002). However, CP upregulated CD69 levels on CD16− NK cells (P = 0.0313). No differences were observed regarding inflammatory biomarkers, frequencies of other immune cell types, T cell activation and COX-2 expression. A non-significant trend to improved QoL was observed. Overall, CP-induced immunomodulatory effects in EC were modest without significant QoL changes. Given the small population and the observed variability in inter-patient biomarker levels, more research is necessary to explore whether benefits of CP can be obtained in EC by different supplementation regimens. Clinical Trial Registration:www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT02017353; www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu, identifier 2013-001737-40.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Tuyaerts
- Laboratory of Gynaecologic Oncology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Tina Everaert
- Laboratory of Gynaecologic Oncology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Frédéric Amant
- Laboratory of Gynaecologic Oncology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium.,Center for Gynecologic Oncology Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Bulboacă AE, Bolboacă SD, Stănescu IC, Sfrângeu CA, Bulboacă AC. Preemptive Analgesic and Antioxidative Effect of Curcumin for Experimental Migraine. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:4754701. [PMID: 29204441 PMCID: PMC5674483 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4754701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our study aimed to investigate the analgesic and antioxidative stress effects of Curcumin (CC) in experimental migraine induced by Nitroglycerin (NTG) on rats, compared with Indomethacin (ID) and Propranolol (PP) treatments. MATERIAL AND METHODS Five groups of 10 rats treated i.p. were investigated: control group (healthy rats) injected with saline solution (0.9%), NTG-control group injected with NTG (1 mg/100 gbw, bw = body weight), and three groups with pretreatment applied 30 min previous to the formalin test (NTG + CC group: Curcumin (10 mg/100 gbw), NTG + PP group: Propranolol (100 μg/100 gbw), and NTG + ID group: Indomethacin (0.5 mg/100 gbw)). Formalin test was performed and number of flinches and shakes were counted. Several oxidative stress parameters were also assessed. RESULTS The smallest values of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NOx), and total oxidative status (TOS) were observed on NTG + CC with significant differences as compared with the control group (p < 0.0001). The group pretreated with Curcumin proved significantly smaller number of flinches and shakes compared with both NTG + PP and NTG + ID. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates a superior activity of Curcumin not only versus control, but also versus Propranolol and Indomethacin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana E. Bulboacă
- Department of Pathophysiology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Victor Babeş Str., No. 4-6, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Sorana D. Bolboacă
- Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Louis Pasteur Str., No. 6, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana C. Stănescu
- Department of Neurology and Pediatric Neurology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Victor Babeş Str., No. 43, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Carmen A. Sfrângeu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Victor Babeş Str., No. 4-6, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Angelo C. Bulboacă
- Department of Neurology and Pediatric Neurology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Victor Babeş Str., No. 43, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Curcumin: A Review of Its Effects on Human Health. Foods 2017; 6:foods6100092. [PMID: 29065496 PMCID: PMC5664031 DOI: 10.3390/foods6100092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1152] [Impact Index Per Article: 164.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Turmeric, a spice that has long been recognized for its medicinal properties, has received interest from both the medical/scientific world and from culinary enthusiasts, as it is the major source of the polyphenol curcumin. It aids in the management of oxidative and inflammatory conditions, metabolic syndrome, arthritis, anxiety, and hyperlipidemia. It may also help in the management of exercise-induced inflammation and muscle soreness, thus enhancing recovery and performance in active people. In addition, a relatively low dose of the complex can provide health benefits for people that do not have diagnosed health conditions. Most of these benefits can be attributed to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Ingesting curcumin by itself does not lead to the associated health benefits due to its poor bioavailability, which appears to be primarily due to poor absorption, rapid metabolism, and rapid elimination. There are several components that can increase bioavailability. For example, piperine is the major active component of black pepper and, when combined in a complex with curcumin, has been shown to increase bioavailability by 2000%. Curcumin combined with enhancing agents provides multiple health benefits. The purpose of this review is to provide a brief overview of the plethora of research regarding the health benefits of curcumin.
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Fattori V, Pinho-Ribeiro FA, Borghi SM, Alves-Filho JC, Cunha TM, Cunha FQ, Casagrande R, Verri WA. Curcumin inhibits superoxide anion-induced pain-like behavior and leukocyte recruitment by increasing Nrf2 expression and reducing NF-κB activation. Inflamm Res 2015; 64:993-1003. [PMID: 26456836 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-015-0885-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed at evaluating the activity of curcumin in superoxide anion-induced pain-like behavior and leukocyte recruitment in mice. TREATMENT Administration of curcumin 10 mg/kg subcutaneously 1 h before stimulus. METHODS KO2 was used as superoxide anion donor. Overt pain-like behaviors were determined by the number of abdominal writhings, paw flinches and time spent licking the paw. Mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia were determined using an electronic anesthesiometer and hot plate, respectively. Cytokine concentration and NF-κB activity were determined by ELISA, antioxidant effect by nitrobluetretrazolium assay and ABTS radical scavenging ability. Myeloperoxidase activity was measured by colorimetric assay. The Nrf2, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and gp91phox mRNA expression was determined by quantitative PCR. Data were analyzed by ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc and considered significant when p<0.05. RESULTS Curcumin inhibited superoxide anion-induced overt pain-like behaviors as well as mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia. Curcumin also inhibited superoxide anion-induced leukocyte recruitment in the peritoneal cavity and in the paw skin inhibited myeloperoxidase activity, oxidative stress, IL-1β and TNF-α production and NF-κB activation as well as enhanced IL-10 production, and HO-1 and Nrf2 mRNA expression. CONCLUSION Curcumin inhibits superoxide anion-induced inflammatory pain-like behaviors and leukocyte recruitment by targeting inflammatory molecules and oxidative stress; and inducing antioxidant and anti-inflammatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Fattori
- Departamento de Ciências Patológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rod. Celso Garcia Cid KM480 PR445, CEP 86057-970, Londrina, Paraná, Cx Postal 10.011, Brasil
| | - Felipe A Pinho-Ribeiro
- Departamento de Ciências Patológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rod. Celso Garcia Cid KM480 PR445, CEP 86057-970, Londrina, Paraná, Cx Postal 10.011, Brasil
| | - Sergio M Borghi
- Departamento de Ciências Patológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rod. Celso Garcia Cid KM480 PR445, CEP 86057-970, Londrina, Paraná, Cx Postal 10.011, Brasil
| | - José C Alves-Filho
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, CEP 14049-900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Thiago M Cunha
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, CEP 14049-900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Fernando Q Cunha
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, CEP 14049-900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Rubia Casagrande
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Av. Robert Koch 60, CEP 86038-350, Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Waldiceu A Verri
- Departamento de Ciências Patológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rod. Celso Garcia Cid KM480 PR445, CEP 86057-970, Londrina, Paraná, Cx Postal 10.011, Brasil.
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Curcumin supplementation likely attenuates delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS). Eur J Appl Physiol 2015; 115:1769-77. [PMID: 25795285 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-015-3152-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oral curcumin decreases inflammatory cytokines and increases muscle regeneration in mice. PURPOSE To determine effects of curcumin on muscle damage, inflammation and delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) in humans. METHOD Seventeen men completed a double-blind randomized-controlled crossover trial to estimate the effects of oral curcumin supplementation (2.5 g twice daily) versus placebo on single-leg jump performance and DOMS following unaccustomed heavy eccentric exercise. Curcumin or placebo was taken 2 d before to 3 d after eccentric single-leg press exercise, separated by 14-d washout. Measurements were made at baseline, and 0, 24 and 48-h post-exercise comprising: (a) limb pain (1-10 cm visual analogue scale; VAS), (b) muscle swelling, (c) single-leg jump height, and (d) serum markers of muscle damage and inflammation. Standardized magnitude-based inference was used to define outcomes. RESULTS At 24 and 48-h post-exercise, curcumin caused moderate-large reductions in pain during single-leg squat (VAS scale -1.4 to -1.7; 90 %CL: ±1.0), gluteal stretch (-1.0 to -1.9; ±0.9), squat jump (-1.5 to -1.1; ± 1.2) and small reductions in creatine kinase activity (-22-29 %; ±21-22 %). Associated with the pain reduction was a small increase in single-leg jump performance (15 %; 90 %CL ± 12 %). Curcumin increased interleukin-6 concentrations at 0-h (31 %; ±29 %) and 48-h (32 %; ±29 %) relative to baseline, but decreased IL-6 at 24-h relative to post-exercise (-20 %; ±18 %). CONCLUSIONS Oral curcumin likely reduces pain associated with DOMS with some evidence for enhanced recovery of muscle performance. Further study is required on mechanisms and translational effects on sport or vocational performance.
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Drobnic F, Riera J, Appendino G, Togni S, Franceschi F, Valle X, Pons A, Tur J. Reduction of delayed onset muscle soreness by a novel curcumin delivery system (Meriva®): a randomised, placebo-controlled trial. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2014; 11:31. [PMID: 24982601 PMCID: PMC4074833 DOI: 10.1186/1550-2783-11-31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) due to eccentric muscle activity is associated with inflammatory responses and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that sustain both inflammation and oxidative stress. Curcumin, a powerful promoter of anti-oxidant response, is one of the best-investigated natural products, and is now commercially available as a lecithin delivery system (Meriva®, Indena SpA, Milan) with improved bio-availability. The aim of this study was to test whether curcumin could attenuate damage from oxidative stress and inflammation related to acute muscle injury induced by eccentric continuous exercise. METHODS This was a randomised, placebo-controlled, single-blind pilot trial. Twenty male healthy, moderately active volunteers were randomised to curcumin given as the Phytosome® delivery system 1 g twice daily (200 mg curcumin b.i.d.) or matching placebo. Supplementation was initiated 48 hours prior to a downhill running test and was continued for 24 hours after the test (4 days in total). Muscle damage was quantified by magnetic resonance imaging, laboratory tests and histological analyses on muscle samples obtained 48 hours after the test. Patient-reported pain intensity was also recorded. RESULTS Subjects in the curcumin group reported less pain in the lower limb as compared with subjects in the placebo group, although significant differences were observed only for the right and left anterior thighs. Significantly fewer subjects in the curcumin group had MRI evidence of muscle injury in the posterior or medial compartment of both thighs. Increases in markers of muscle damage and inflammation tended to be lower in the curcumin group, but significant differences were only observed for interleukin-8 at 2 h after exercise. No differences in markers of oxidative stress and muscle histology were observed. CONCLUSIONS Curcumin has the potential for preventing DOMS, as suggested by its effects on pain intensity and muscle injury. Larger studies are needed to confirm these results and further clarify the mechanism of action of curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joan Riera
- Olympic Training Centre (CAR), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Xavier Valle
- University of Barcelona, School of Sports Medicine, Medical Services, FCBarcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Pons
- Department Biologia Fonamental i de la Salut, University of Illes Balears, Mallorca, Spain
| | - Josep Tur
- Department Biologia Fonamental i de la Salut, University of Illes Balears, Mallorca, Spain
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Zhang X, Chen Q, Wang Y, Peng W, Cai H. Effects of curcumin on ion channels and transporters. Front Physiol 2014; 5:94. [PMID: 24653706 PMCID: PMC3949287 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Curcumin [1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione], a polyphenolic compound isolated from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa (turmeric), has been shown to exhibit a wide range of pharmacological activities including anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-atherosclerotic, anti-microbial, and wound healing effects. These activities of curcumin are based on its complex molecular structure and chemical features, as well as its ability to interact with multiple signaling molecules. The ability of curcumin to regulate ion channels and transporters was recognized a decade ago. The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is a well-studied ion channel target of curcumin. During the process of studying its anti-cancer properties, curcumin was found to inhibit ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family members including ABCA1, ABCB1, ABCC1, and ABCG2. Recent studies have revealed that many channels and transporters are modulated by curcumin, such as voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels, high-voltage-gated Ca(2+) channels (HVGCC), volume-regulated anion channel (VRAC), Ca(2+) release-activated Ca(2+) channel (CRAC), aquaporin-4 (AQP-4), glucose transporters, etc., In this review, we aim to provide an overview of the interactions of curcumin with different types of ion channels and transporters and to help better understand and integrate the underlying molecular mechanisms of the multiple pharmacological activities of curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University Shanghai, China
| | - Qijing Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University Shanghai, China
| | - Yunman Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Peng
- Department of Nephrology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Cai
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta, GA, USA ; Section of Nephrology, Atlanta Veterans Administration Medical Center Decatur, GA, USA
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Di Pierro F, Settembre R. Safety and efficacy of an add-on therapy with curcumin phytosome and piperine and/or lipoic acid in subjects with a diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy treated with dexibuprofen. J Pain Res 2013; 6:497-503. [PMID: 23861596 PMCID: PMC3704545 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s48432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We conducted an 8-week, open, randomized controlled clinical trial on 141 subjects affected by neuropathic pain to investigate the role of an adjunctive therapy added to the administration of dexibuprofen (400 mg twice a day) and based on a multi-ingredient formula (Lipicur), consisting of lipoic acid plus curcumin phytosome and piperine, in patients with a diagnosis of lumbar sciatica, lumbar disk herniation, and/or lumbar canal stenosis (96 subjects), or with carpal tunnel syndrome (45 subjects). A total of 135 participants completed the study. Treatment with the multi-ingredient formula (Lipicur) reduced neuropathic pain by more than 66% in both conditions (subjects with lumbar sciatica and with carpal tunnel syndrome), and these reductions were statistically significant. Moreover, the treatment reduced dexibuprofen use by about 40%. An add-on therapy with only lipoic acid has not shown any significant results. On the basis of its safety and efficacy, Lipicur could be considered an effective complementary therapy to be added to conventional treatments to achieve better efficacy in reducing neuropathic pain.
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