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Gao H, Liu M, Su Y, Li Y, Tian L. Analysis of factors associated with needlestick injuries of clinical nurses by applying a human factor analysis and classification system: A nationwide cross-sectional survey. J Clin Nurs 2024; 33:2178-2189. [PMID: 38439173 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
AIMS This study aims to investigate the current situation of needlestick injuries (NSIs) of clinical nurses and identify associated factors by using the theoretical framework of the human factors analysis and classification system (HFACS). DESIGN A nationwide cross-sectional survey was conducted. METHODS Multi-stage sampling was used to investigate 3336 nurses in 14 Chinese hospitals. Descriptive statistics and univariate and multivariate logistic regression were employed to reveal the rate of NSIs and their associated factors. RESULTS A total of 970 nurses (29.1%) reported having experienced at least one NSI in the past year. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that good hospital safety climate and clinical nurses in intensive care unit (ICU) and emergency department had protective effects against NSIs compared with nurses in internal medicine department. The nurse, senior nurse, and nurse in charge have significantly increased the risk for NSIs compared with the associate chief nurse or above. Patients with poor vision but wearing glasses and poor vision but not wearing glasses were more prone to have NSIs. Working in the operating room compared with internal medicine, average weekly working time of >45 h compared with ≤40 h and poor general health led to increased risk of NSIs. CONCLUSION The rate of NSIs in clinical nurses was high in China. Individual factors including professional title, department, visual acuity and general mental health and organisational factors including weekly working hours and hospital safety atmosphere were significantly correlated with the occurrence of NSIs. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Nursing managers should focused on physical and psychological conditions of clinical nurses, and organisational support is required to enhance the hospital safety atmosphere. NO PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION Contributions from patients or the public are irrelevant because this study aims to explore current situation and factors associated with NSIs in clinical nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Gao
- Teaching and Research Section of Clinical Nursing, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mengyuan Liu
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanan Su
- Reproductive Center, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of Citic-Xiangya, Changsha, China
| | - Yinglan Li
- Teaching and Research Section of Clinical Nursing, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Disorder, Xiangya Hospital , Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lingyun Tian
- Department of Nursing, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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Halimi A, Gheshlagh RG, Ansari M, Zakariaee SS, Zandi M. Prevalence of needle-stick injury in Iranian nurses: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. BMC Nurs 2024; 23:268. [PMID: 38658903 PMCID: PMC11040936 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-024-01914-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the prevalence of needle-stick injury among Iranian nurses. METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the prevalence of needle-stick injury among Iranian nurses. A comprehensive search of Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Scientific Information Database, and MagIran was performed, yielding 29 observational articles comprising 8842 nurses. The studies ranged from 2006 to 2023, with sample sizes varying from 68 to 1555 individuals. Methodological quality was assessed using the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology checklist. The pooled prevalence was calculated using the random-effects model, and subgroup analyses were conducted based on hospital type and gender. The data was analyzed using Stata software version 16. RESULTS The pooled prevalence of needle-stick injury among Iranian nurses was found to be 46% (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 39-53%). Subgroup analysis revealed significant difference in prevalence between teaching hospitals (47%; 95% CI: 39-54%) and military hospitals (38%; 95% CI: 31.1-44%). The prevalence of NSI in region 1 (Tehran and surrounding provinces) and other regions was 45.1% (95% CI: 37-54%) and 49.17% (95% CI: 36.5-61.7%). Gender-based analysis showed higher prevalence in women (58%; 95% CI: 44-71%) compared to men (55%; 95% CI: 43-66%). CONCLUSION Needle stick injuries has a high prevalence among Iranian nurses, especially nurses working in teaching hospitals. Therefore, it seems necessary to use interventions to reduce it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aram Halimi
- Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Ghanei Gheshlagh
- Clinical Care Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Ansari
- Department of Medical Librarianship and Information Sciences, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, School of Health Management and Information Sciences Branch, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Soma Zakariaee
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Mitra Zandi
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing & Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Liu Y, Li Y, Yuan S, Ma W, Chen S, Wang LY. Risk Factors for Occupational Blood Exposure, Compliance with Policies of Infection Prevention and Control, and Costs Associated with Post Exposure Management Among Nursing Staff. Infect Drug Resist 2024; 17:1215-1228. [PMID: 38562405 PMCID: PMC10982068 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s451615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To examine the risk factors linked with occupational blood exposure (OBE) among nursing staff (NS), we pinpoint deficiencies in the compliance with policies of infection prevention and control, and assess the expenditures associated with infection prevention and control. Methods Healthcare workers that completed an "Occupational Blood Exposure Report Form" were divided into NS (observation) group and non-NS (control) group. Univariate and multivariable analyses were conducted to compare both groups in various aspects. We also explored design patents intended to minimize occupational exposure. Results The highest incidence of OBE was observed in the department of neurosurgery. Among NS, OBE incidence was found to be influenced by independent risk factors, such as gender, age, occupational title, work location, and incidence of sharps injuries. Protective factors against OBEs included the use of arterial blood gas needles and suture needles. Personal protective equipment (PPE) usage rates were low in both groups prior to OBEs (0.74% vs 0.00%, P > 0.05). Correct emergency management could be improved promptly by both groups following an OBE (P > 0.05). However, the observation group exhibited a higher proportion of blood expression after a sharps injury and a higher re-evaluation rate at 6 months post-exposure compared to the control group (P < 0.05). In 2018, the per capita costs of infection prevention and control for NS were the Chinese Yuan (RMB) 339.43 per individual. In response to these findings, two utility model patents have been authorized. Conclusion The risk and protective factors related to the occurrence of OBEs were investigated in this study, suggesting that there is a need for improvement in the rate of PPE usage and the re-evaluation rate of OBEs among NS. Additionally, focused training on emergency blood expression and compliance with policies among non-NS personnel is deemed necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Department of Infection Control, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Infection Control, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Song Yuan
- Department of Infection Control, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Ma
- Department of Infection Control, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Si Chen
- Department of Infection Control, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li-Yi Wang
- Department of Infection Control, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
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Ibrahim EN, Kannan S, Al Habahbeh L, Makhamreh OH, Khreisat E, Kakich M, Khoury I, Abu Kaff M, Odah A, Hjazeen A, Jabali SA, Alqroom R. How Sharp Objects Injuries Impact our Healthcare Workers: Unveiling Perspective and Preventive Imperatives. Cureus 2024; 16:e56524. [PMID: 38646268 PMCID: PMC11027022 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Sharp object injuries in the medical field present a considerable occupational hazard for healthcare workers (HCWs), encompassing a spectrum of consequences from immediate discomfort to enduring health consequences. These injuries may expose HCWs to potential infections. Despite efforts to control sharp object injuries in healthcare environments, they are present at every stage involving using or disposing of medical sharp instruments. In Jordan, limited research has focused on sharp object injuries, with most data included from studies concentrating on practicing nurses or nursing students. Consequently, further research is necessary to comprehend the causes behind the high sharp object injury rate and the insufficient knowledge of safety practices and preventive guidelines. Objectives This study was conducted to investigate the impact of sharp object injuries on HCWs, underlying causes, and potential consequences causes of needlestick injuries. To highlight perspective and preventive imperatives. Methods and patients This retrospective institutional-based cross-sectional chart analysis was conducted by reviewing all sharp object injuries report sheets and extracting data directly from these reports for analysis. The study encompassed all reported cases occurring between 2018 and 2023. All the participants' data handling was accomplished according to the Declaration of Helsinki (2013) and the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability (HIPAA) Acts. Results A total of 146 self-reported hospital workers were included in the study. Within the final cohort, 52.73% of the participants were male (77/146), with an average age at diagnosis of 38.6±7.87 years (ranging from 20 to 52 years). Conversely, females comprised 47.27% of the cohort population (69/146) and had an average age at diagnosis of 34.73±6.73 years (ranging from 19 to 47 years). The age group 20-29 years was the most prominent age group, statistical analysis of age and gender data revealed significant differences. The overall prevalence of sharp object injuries was 11.83%, indicating that a sizable portion of HCWs is at risk of exposure to bloodborne pathogens. Among the different professional categories, Physicians constituted the majority of sharp object injuries reported victims in 41 cases (28.08%), followed by nurses in 38 cases (26.02%). Statistical analysis of the profession's data revealed significant differences (P<0.001). Notably, sharp object injuries were most reported in wards. The leading procedures that caused sharp object injuries were identified as during needle recapping in 53 instances (36.30%), then followed by medical waste treatment in 32 cases (21.92%). The left hand was the most affected body part, reported in 83 cases (56.84%). All injured individuals reported the incident promptly. No seroconversions were documented within the reviewed cases during the study period. Conclusion Injuries caused by sharp objects persist as a significant danger for hospital employees, posing immediate harm and long-term health risks linked to bloodborne pathogens. The findings stress the continuous responsibility of healthcare institutions to prioritize staff safety by addressing the root causes of sharp object injuries and fostering reporting and prevention cultures. Underreporting reasons are diverse, encompassing factors like time constraints, fear of consequences, and the misconception of injury insignificance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soha Kannan
- Health Policy and Nursing, Directorate of Royal Medical Services Journal, Amman, JOR
| | | | | | - Eman Khreisat
- Family Medicine, King Hussein Medical Center, Amman, JOR
| | - Martin Kakich
- Neurosurgery, King Hussein Medical Center, Amman, JOR
| | - Issa Khoury
- Neurological Surgery, King Hussein Medical Center, Amman, JOR
| | | | - Amro Odah
- Pediatric Neurology, Queen Alia Hospital, Amman, JOR
| | - Anees Hjazeen
- Community Health, Nursing, and Biostatistics, Jordanian Royal Medical Services, Amman, JOR
| | - Saif A Jabali
- Community Medicine, Jordanian Royal Medical Services, Amman, JOR
| | - Rami Alqroom
- Neurosurgery, King Hussein Medical Center, Amman, JOR
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Min D, Kim D, Lee Y. Direct Care Nurses' Needlestick Injury Experiences: A Qualitative Descriptive Study. West J Nurs Res 2023; 45:1094-1103. [PMID: 37830483 DOI: 10.1177/01939459231204692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Even when education and the use of safety equipment are emphasized, nurses frequently experience needlestick injuries. Understanding the risk situations and coping mechanisms for needlestick injuries experienced by nurses facilitates their prevention. OBJECTIVES We aimed to explore and describe the phenomenon of needlestick injuries through the research questions: (1) What causes nurses to suffer from needlestick injuries? (2) How to cope after a needlestick injury? and (3) What are the recommendations for needlestick injury prevention? METHODS This qualitative descriptive study involved focus group interviews with 31 direct care nurses in 6 groups who had experienced needlestick injuries while working in different acute care hospitals across 3 regions in South Korea. Data were collected from January 29 to March 29, 2022, and analyzed using thematic analysis. RESULTS The average age of the participating nurses was 29.7 years. The following 3 themes were identified: various needlestick injury experiences, post-needlestick injury coping, and expectations regarding needlestick injuries. CONCLUSIONS Risk situations and coping mechanisms of nurses who experienced needlestick injuries were diverse. Emergency situations and novice nurses were the causes of most of the needlestick injuries. Often, personal protective equipment was found cumbersome. Reporting needlestick injuries depended on the work environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deulle Min
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Dahee Kim
- Graduate School, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yewon Lee
- Department of Nursing, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Tonghui W, Ying L, Xiaolu W, Ming H. A large-scale survey on epidemiology and underreporting of needlestick and sharp injuries among healthcare workers in China. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1292906. [PMID: 38026416 PMCID: PMC10652868 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1292906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Needlestick and sharp injuries (NSI) carry the risk of transmitting numerous bloodborne pathogens, leading to both health and economic burdens. The underreporting of NSIs among healthcare workers (HCWs) is a global issue of concern, as timely treatment and prevention of complications rely on proper reporting. Underreporting further impedes accurate surveillance and appropriate resource allocation, with developed and developing nations facing disparities due to differences in healthcare policy. Purpose The purpose of this research is to examine the epidemiology of NSIs and NSI underreporting, as well as to identify the determinants associated with the occurrence of NSIs and the underreporting of such injuries. Method A retrospective online survey was conducted from January 15 to January 31, 2022 among healthcare workers (HCWs) across Gansu Province, China. Results A total of 7,283 healthcare workers (HCWs) from various institutions participated in this study. After quality assurance checks, 6,464 (88.77%) responses were included in the final analysis. Results revealed a 32.86% self-reported needlestick and sharp injury (NSI) incidence among respondents, with 28.53% of NSIs going unreported. Contrary to common belief, more experienced HCWs exhibited higher rates of both NSIs and underreporting compared to their less experienced peers. The primary reasons cited for NSIs and underreporting were lapses in concentration and not perceiving patients as infectious. Multivariate regression analysis exposes the significant influence of training frequency, occupation, department and years of services on the occurrence of NSIs. Conversely, the reporting of NSIs is primarily influenced by training, reimbursement,occupation, department and hospital grade. Compared to HCWs with no training, those who received ≥3 training sessions per year showed a 12.16% lower NSI incidence (27.12% vs. 39.28%, p < 0.001) and a 55.68% lower underreporting rate (14.61% vs. 70.29%, p < 0.001). Conclusion There is a pressing need for enhanced surveillance, tailored training programs, and more efficient reporting mechanisms to combat this significant occupational health challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Tonghui
- Department of Public Health, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Liang Ying
- Department of Public Health, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wu Xiaolu
- Department of Medical Affairs, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hao Ming
- Department of Medical Affairs, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
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Naidu RT, Toal P, Mishra SC, Nair B, Shejul YK. Incidence of needlestick injury among healthcare workers in western India. Indian J Med Res 2023; 158:552-558. [PMID: 38265947 PMCID: PMC10878481 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_892_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND OBJECTIVES Injuries occurring from contaminated sharps are a major occupational health hazard. It carries a risk of transmitting blood-borne diseases such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B and hepatitis C. Healthcare workers (HCWs), including personnel handling biomedical waste, are at risk. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence and details of needlestick injury (NSI) among HCWs. METHODS We analyzed data of all HCWs who reported NSI over the past three years. Demographic details, type and source of injury, use of personal protective equipment (PPE), immediate post-exposure measures, hepatitis B vaccination status and HCWs and source's HIV, hepatitis B and hepatitis C serological status were studied. RESULTS Fifty-six cases of NSI were recorded over three years, accounting for an incidence of 10.4/100 occupied beds per year. Maximum cases (73.2%) occurred between the 20 and 40 yr age group. The distribution among the work category was doctors (37.5%), nursing staff (26.8%), phlebotomy technicians (12.5%), housekeeping/subordinate staff (12.5%) and others (10.7%). Appropriate PPE was donned by 66 per cent of the HCWs. The majority of cases (46.4%) occurred in wards and operating rooms (23.2%). Phlebotomy (35.7%), followed by procedures, such as hemoglucotest (HGT) measurement, intravenous cannula insertion and operative procedures (33.9%), were the most common situation during which HCWs suffered NSI. While 64.2 per cent HCWs were vaccinated for hepatitis B, only 5.4 per cent of the HCWs completed post-exposure anti-retroviral regimen. INTERPRETATION CONCLUSIONS We conclude that a relative lack of awareness towards preventive measures and inexperience among HCWs may be contributory to high occurrence of NSI events. This study emphasizes upon ensuring active hospital-wide hepatitis B vaccination of all HCWs and supportive therapy to improve compliance towards post-exposure prophylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raji T Naidu
- Department of Pathology, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pratibha Toal
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Satish Chandra Mishra
- Department of General Surgery, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Beena Nair
- Department of Infection Control Nurse, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Yogesh K Shejul
- Department of Medicine, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Wong VYY, Chao PJS, Lee SPS, Lee ES, Lang LRL, Koh HJ, Low KMT. A descriptive study of percutaneous injuries in National Healthcare Group POLYCLINICS dental clinics in Singapore from 2014 to 2020. BDJ Open 2023; 9:45. [PMID: 37845216 PMCID: PMC10579301 DOI: 10.1038/s41405-023-00171-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION All dental staff face risk of percutaneous injuries (PCI)s. Blood-borne diseases may be transmitted to staff via contaminated sharp instruments. Hence there are significant impacts on staff when PCIs occur. Though a PCI is an occupational hazard, it is preventable. AIM This study aims to identify factors associated with PCIs among dental staff by evaluating the circumstances and staff designations involved. METHODS PCIs were reported through an electronic incident reporting system from 2014 to 2020. Reports involved their nature and extent. Statistical analysis was carried out to find associations between factors such as injury site, type of instrument and staff designation. RESULTS A total of 63 PCIs were included in this study. The type of instrument was found to be significantly associated with staff designation (p = 0.04, p < 0.05) with significantly more dental burs causing injury in dentists and more injuries caused by 'other instruments' in health attendants (p = 0.0083). Majority of PCIs occurred in dentists, then dental assistants and health attendants. Staff designation was significantly associated with the instance where PCIs occurred (p < 0.001). Dentists and dental assistants were more likely to sustain injuries during a dental procedure than before procedure and after procedure (p = 0.0167). The mean incidence of PCIs among our dentists was 15.6/100. CONCLUSIONS All dental staff are at risk of PCIs however dentists sustain the highest number of PCIs. Needles, dental burs and metal matrices are the top three instruments. Targeted interventions might help prevent/reduce PCIs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Eng Sing Lee
- National Healthcare Group Polyclinics Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lily Ren Lee Lang
- National Healthcare Group Polyclinics Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Holy Jr Koh
- National Healthcare Group Polyclinics Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Yu X, Gan T, Zhu Y, Wang M, Qian L, Lu Y. Management of Occupational Bloodborne Pathogen Exposure among Medical Personnel: a 4-Year Prospective Study. Jpn J Infect Dis 2023; 76:289-294. [PMID: 37258178 DOI: 10.7883/yoken.jjid.2022.492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the management of occupational bloodborne pathogen exposure at a tertiary hospital in China. This prospective study was conducted at the Zhejiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine between January 2016 and December 2019. Data on bloodborne occupational exposure management were collected. In total, 460 exposures were reported. The majority of exposures (40.2 %) were from hepatitis B virus (HBV)-positive index patients. Of the 460 cases, 453 (98.5%) exposures were reported timeously, and 371 (80.7%) cases received emergency treatment response and management. Sixty-eight personnel (93.2%) received timely prophylaxis treatment. Only 82/113 (72.6%) personnel completed the recommended follow-up period. Outsourced personnel(P = 0.002) and interns (P = 0.011) were independent follow-up factors. Although adequate compliance was achieved with timely reporting and prophylactic medication, there is room for improvement in terms of emergency treatment response and follow-up compliance. Furthermore, HBV vaccination and improved follow-up with outsourced personnel are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuxia Yu
- Department of Nosocomial Infection Management, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), China
| | - Tieer Gan
- Department of Nosocomial Infection Management, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), China
| | - Yuexian Zhu
- Department of Nosocomial Infection Management, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), China
| | - Minfang Wang
- Department of Nosocomial Infection Management, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), China
| | - Lili Qian
- Medical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), China
| | - Ye Lu
- Institute of Environmental Health, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
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Mohamed M, Tandon N, Kim Y, Kopp I, Tanaka N, Mikamo H, Friedman K, Bajpai S. Needlestick Injuries With Insulin Injections: Risk Factors, Concerns, and Implications of the Use of Safety Pen Needles in the Asia-Pacific Region. J Diabetes Sci Technol 2023:19322968231186402. [PMID: 37475682 DOI: 10.1177/19322968231186402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Globally, health care workers (HCWs) are at a high risk of occupational exposure to needlestick injuries (NSIs). Needlestick injuries not only are associated with an increased risk of infections caused by bloodborne pathogens but are also a primary source of emotional distress and job burnout for HCWs and patients. Insulin injection-related NSIs are common among HCWs working in hospitals in the Asia-Pacific (APAC) region and impose a significant burden. Insulin pen needles have a high risk of transmitting infections (at both the patient-end and cartridge end of the sharp) after use. Recapping a needle after administering an insulin injection poses a major risk to HCWs. Currently, several safety-engineered needle devices (SENDs) are available with active or passive safety mechanisms. Passive insulin safety pen needles with dual-ended protection and automatic recapping capabilities have resulted in a significant drop in accidental punctures to HCWs while administering insulin to patients with diabetes. In this article, we have reviewed the burden and common causes of NSIs with insulin injections among HCWs in the APAC region. We have discussed current approaches to address the issues associated with NSIs and the benefits of introducing SENDs in health care settings, including long-term care facilities, nursing homes, and home care settings where patients may require assisted insulin injections. This review also summarizes key strategies/recommendations to prevent NSIs in HCWs and patients with diabetes in the APAC region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mafauzy Mohamed
- School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Malaysia
| | - Nikhil Tandon
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Youngsoon Kim
- Kangwon National University Hospital, Gangwon-do, South Korea
| | - Irene Kopp
- Nepean Diabetes Service, Nepean Hospital, Kingswood, NSW, Australia
| | - Nagaaki Tanaka
- Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kansai Electric Power Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshige Mikamo
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kevin Friedman
- embecta (formerly BD Diabetes Care), Parsippany, NJ, USA
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Serafin A, Ryk A, Fendler W. Safe and effective use of a passive safety needle by healthcare professionals in a simulated environment, including perceptions and preferences. Expert Rev Med Devices 2023; 20:963-971. [PMID: 37697473 DOI: 10.1080/17434440.2023.2254680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Needlestick injuries (NSIs) may potentially expose healthcare professionals (HCPs) to bloodborne pathogens. Safety needles are designed to protect against NSIs. We evaluated whether a new fully passive safety needle could be used safely by HCPs. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The passive safety needle was tested by physicians, nurses, and pharmacists in subcutaneous or intramuscular injection scenarios in simulation studies (1-3). Data collected included successes, close calls, difficulties, use errors, and failures. In study 4, HCPs rated the device safety (21-item questionnaire). RESULTS Overall, 104 participants completed 4772 simulated tasks, including 932 injections. 915 injections (98.18%) were performed successfully and no NSIs (0%) were observed in any of the studies. Studies 1 & 2: 84.15% tasks and 96.06% injections were completed successfully, but use errors occurred, mostly arising from the participants' mental model. There were no failures in Study 3. In Study 4, >98% of participants responded positively to every question, while all felt that the passive safety feature could eliminate NSIs and would better protect against bloodborne pathogens than other existing devices with active or semi-passive safety mechanisms. CONCLUSIONS The passive safety needle was used successfully by HCPs, did not lead to any NSIs, and was rated as the safest compared to similar devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Serafin
- Regulatory Affairs Department, HTL-STREFA S.A, Ozorkow, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Ryk
- Department of Biostatistics and Translational Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Wojciech Fendler
- Department of Biostatistics and Translational Medicine and Clinical Trials Unit, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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Bevan V, Blake P, Radwan RN, Azzopardi E. Sharps and needlestick injuries within the operating room: Risk prone procedures and prevalence meta-analysis. J Perioper Pract 2023; 33:200-210. [PMID: 36597950 DOI: 10.1177/17504589221103810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sharps and needlestick injuries pose a serious risk to operating theatre personnel with considerable morbidity, mortality and healthcare implications. The cost of prophylaxis and post-exposure treatment is a significant institutional economic burden. AIM The aim of the review was to identify the prevalence of sharps and needlestick injury within the operating theatre and to establish the most common critical steps. METHOD A systematic literature search was conducted. Abstracts of all studies published in English from 2015 onwards exploring sharps and needlestick injury within the operating theatre were reviewed. Primary outcome measure was sharps and needlestick injury prevalence. Secondary outcome measures included operational steps resulting in sharps and needlestick injury and costs of sharps and needlestick injury management. RESULTS Sixteen studies were identified and included in analysis. Cross-sectional studies reported a pooled prevalence of 41.5% (n = 537; 95% confidence interval = 15.961 to 70.220). Retrospective data analysis reported an annualised prevalence of 5.027% (95% confidence interval = 0.676 to 13.073) on a total pooled sample population of 12,929. Further analysis of operational steps identified a 22% prevalence (n= 3460; 95% confidence interval = 14.2 to 31.3) of sharps and needlestick injury occurring during a procedure involving handing or receiving an instrument. CONCLUSION Sharps and needlestick injuries are a significant but preventable risk in the operating theatre. Further research into the development of safety devices to reduce injury during instrument transfer is paramount.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul Blake
- Swansea Bay University Health Board, Swansea, UK
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Alshehri S, Kayal M, Alahmad Almshhad H, Dirar Q, AlKattan W, Shibl A, Ouban A. The Incidence of Needlestick and Sharps Injuries Among Healthcare Workers in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e38097. [PMID: 37252529 PMCID: PMC10212747 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.38097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Needlestick injuries (NSIs) and sharps injuries (SIs) remain significant hazards in most healthcare facilities that expose healthcare workers (HCWs) to blood-borne pathogens (e.g., HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C). This study aims to review the incidence of NSIs and SIs in King Fahad Medical City (KFMC) and correlate this incidence with several parameters related to the event, including age, sex, length of work experience, type of injury, type of instrument causing the injury, type of activity during which the injury happened, nature of the job of the HCWs, and location within the hospital where the injury happened. Methodology This cross-sectional study involves all self-reported documents related to needlestick and sharp injuries among HCWs at King Fahad Medical City (KFMC) in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, from January 2017 to December 2020. The data of 389 reports of needlestick and sharp injuries detailing incidence and site, shift, type, and instrument related to the incidents were reported to the infection control department for coding and analysis using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22 (IBM SPSS Statistics, Armonk, NY, USA). Results Our data showed that NSIs/SIs could be caused by a wide range of objects used by healthcare workers, including needles, suture needles, scalpels, and sharp devices. Remarkably, the most common cause of NSIs was handling the sharp object (38.8%), followed by disposing of the sharp object (19.3%). Furthermore, nurses were found to be the highest at-risk category of HCWs experiencing NSIs (49.9%), while medical waste handlers (1.5%) and dentists (1.3%) were least likely to incur injuries. Conclusion This study sheds some light on the incidence rates of NCIs and SIs at KFMC and correlates these rates with several demographical, occupational, and experiential parameters related to these events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Alshehri
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Alfaisal University College of Medicine, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Malik Kayal
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Alfaisal University College of Medicine, Riyadh, SAU
| | | | - Qais Dirar
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Alfaisal University College of Medicine, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Wael AlKattan
- Department of Surgery, Alfaisal University College of Medicine, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Atef Shibl
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Alfaisal University College of Medicine, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Abderrahman Ouban
- Department of Pathology, Alfaisal University College of Medicine, Riyadh, SAU
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Hernández Murcia PM, Ordoñez Hernández CA, Saavedra Conde L, Ordoñez-Mora LT. [Experiences of health professionals with biological accidents in an Intensive Care Unit.]. Rev Esp Salud Publica 2023; 97:e202301005. [PMID: 36700293 PMCID: PMC10541243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Health personnel are at greater risk of contracting infections related to their work within the group of workers with biological risk, and these mishaps can affect their physical and mental health. therefore, the objective of this paper was to understand the experience of health professionals in an intensive care unit (ICU) in Cali (Colombia) who suffered biological accidents. METHODS Explanatory sequential mixed design, it was developed in two phases, the first of a descriptive quantitative type and the second of a qualitative type with a phenomenological approach. Initially the knowledge about biosafety in 40 workers was characterized through a survey and a in the first contact, five participants were chosen who shared their experiences with biological accidents, through in-depth interviews. The statistical analysis was descriptive, the quantitative variables were presented through measures of central tendency and the qualitative variables through frequency and percentage. RESULTS 39% of the professionals knew the biosafety barriers, 35% identified the pathogenic pathways, 34% were right about the protection measures, 51% answered correctly about hand washing, 70% answered adequately about biological waste, and only 38% recognized the procedure for reporting an accident. CONCLUSIONS A low level of knowledge is identified on issues related to biosafety principles, transmission routes, hand sanitizing agents, and procedures to follow in the event of a biohazard accident. In addition, ICUs are identified as high-risk places. biological that cause feelings of fear, anguish, and stress that are added to the long working hours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Milena Hernández Murcia
- Institución Universitaria Escuela Nacional del DeporteInstitución Universitaria Escuela Nacional del DeporteCaliColombia
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Forchuk C, Silverman M, Rudnick A, Serrato J, Schmitt B, Scott L. The need for sharps boxes to be offered in the hospital setting for people who use substances: Removing sharps boxes puts all of us at risk. FRONTIERS IN HEALTH SERVICES 2023; 3:1113163. [PMID: 37089452 PMCID: PMC10117891 DOI: 10.3389/frhs.2023.1113163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Substance use can occur in the hospital setting among people with substance use disorder, including intravenous use. However, the provision of sharps boxes is not typically offered in Canadian hospitals. This study set out to explore the current issues due to the lack of harm reduction in the hospital setting. Method Thirty-one health care professionals participated in virtual one-to-one interviews and focus groups regarding harm reduction in hospital. The issue of sharps box removal was highlighted as a concern. A secondary ethnographic thematic analysis explored this theme in more detail. A scoping review of the literature observed additional considerations. Findings Sharps box removal was commonplace for people who were known to be, or suspected of, using substances. Sharps boxes only to be used for medical purposes and fears of box tampering were cited as reasons for removal. Health care professionals noted that patients would have to use sharps boxes situated elsewhere. The scoping review revealed that needlestick injuries for hospital staff decreased with greater access to sharps boxes in hospital. Injuries can be addressed through safer disposal practices. Modern designs of sharps boxes and educational initiatives have been found to be successful in sharps disposal compliance and reductions in related injuries. Discussion Ensuring equitable access to sharps boxes would help to reduce unsafe needle discarding which can lead to needlestick injuries for hospital staff and potentially other patients. Education would be a key step in furthering understandings of the importance of sharps boxes and harm reduction as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Forchuk
- Mental Health Nursing Research Alliance, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Silverman
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- London Health Sciences Centre, Victoria Hospital, London, ON, Canada
- St. Joseph’s Health Care, Victoria Hospital, London, ON, Canada
| | - Abraham Rudnick
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Jonathan Serrato
- Mental Health Nursing Research Alliance, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
- Correspondence: Jonathan Serrato
| | - Brenna Schmitt
- Mental Health Nursing Research Alliance, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
| | - Leanne Scott
- Mental Health Nursing Research Alliance, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, Western University, London, ON, Canada
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Tawiah PA, Baffour-Awuah A, Effah ES, Adu-Fosu G, Ashinyo ME, Alhassan RK, Appiah-Brempong E, Afriyie-Gyawu E. Occupational health hazards among healthcare providers and ancillary staff in Ghana: a scoping review. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e064499. [PMID: 36283753 PMCID: PMC9606738 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-064499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The strict implementation of occupational health and safety policy curbs exposure to occupational hazards. However, empirical evidence is lacking in the Ghanaian context. This review primarily aimed to explore exposure to occupational hazards among healthcare providers and ancillary staff in Ghana. DESIGN A scoping review was conducted based on Arksey and O'Malley's methodological framework and Levac et al's methodological enhancement. DATA SOURCES Searches were conducted of the PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO and Scopus databases, as well as Google Scholar and websites of tertiary institutions in Ghana, for publications from 1 January 2010 to 30 November 2021. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Quantitative studies that were published in the English language and focused on occupational exposure to biological and/or non-biological hazards among healthcare professionals in Ghana were included. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Two independent reviewers extracted the data based on the type of occupational exposure and descriptive characteristics of the studies. The data are presented in tables and graphs. A narrative summary of review findings was prepared based on the review research questions. RESULTS Our systematic search strategy retrieved 507 publications; however, only 43 met the inclusion criteria. A little over one-quarter were unpublished theses/dissertations. The included studies were related to biological, psychosocial, ergonomic and other non-biological hazards. 55.8% of the studies were related to exposure to biological hazards and related preventive measures. In general, health workers were reported to use and comply with control and preventive measures; however, knowledge of control and preventive measures was suboptimal. CONCLUSION Work is needed to address the issue of occupational health hazard exposure in Ghana's health system. More research is needed to understand the extent of these exposures and their effects on the health system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Apraku Tawiah
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health & Safety, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ashanti, Ghana
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicine, School of Pharmacy, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Volta Region, Ghana
| | - Alberta Baffour-Awuah
- Department of Health Policy, Management and Economics, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Emmanuel Sintim Effah
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Geoffrey Adu-Fosu
- Physiotherapy Unit, Diagnostic and Rehabilitation Directorate, Ho Teaching Hospital, Ho, Ghana
| | - Mary Eyram Ashinyo
- Department of Quality Assurance-Institutional Care Division, Ghana Health Service Headquarters, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Gilling's School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Robert Kaba Alhassan
- Centre for Health Policy and Implementation Research, Institute of Health Research, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
| | - Emmanuel Appiah-Brempong
- Department of Health Promotion & Education, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Evans Afriyie-Gyawu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health & Safety, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ashanti, Ghana
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Datar UV, Kamat M, Khairnar M, Wadgave U, Desai KM. Needlestick and sharps' injury in healthcare students: Prevalence, knowledge, attitude and practice. J Family Med Prim Care 2022; 11:6327-6333. [PMID: 36618215 PMCID: PMC9810938 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_155_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Needlestick and sharps injury is an occupational hazard, and it presents with a constant risk of exposure to blood-borne pathogens. Students are particularly at risk due to a lack of experience and handling skills. The present study was designed to assess the prevalence of needle stick injury and evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding its prevention and management among students of a medical campus. Methods A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was conducted among healthcare students of the medical campus in Sangli, Maharashtra. Overall, the study included 942 participants belonging to medical, dental, and nursing faculties. Results Overall, the prevalence rate of needlestick and sharps injury was found to be 25.2%. The prevalence was highest amongst nursing students. The students had adequate knowledge about blood-borne virus (BBV) transmission and prevention of needlestick injury. However, there was a substantial shortfall in post-exposure prophylaxis knowledge amongst the students. A deficit in translation between knowledge to practice was noted, particularly in the case of needlestick injury prevention and management. Conclusion The present study found that one in four students experience needlestick injury; overall knowledge regarding prevention and management of needlestick injury was lesser than desired, and gaps in knowledge and practice were identified in the present study. This can be rectified by curricular reforms, periodic educational programs and stern reinforcement of guidelines. Instilling reporting centers and devising a standing operating procedure in the event of needlestick injury are the needs of the hour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uma Vasant Datar
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University, Dental College and Hospital, Sangli, Maharashtra, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Uma Vasant Datar, Assistant Professor, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University Dental College and Hospital Sangli. Maharashtra, India. E-mail:
| | - Mamata Kamat
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University, Dental College and Hospital, Sangli, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mahesh Khairnar
- Unit of Public Health Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Umesh Wadgave
- Public Health Dentistry ESIC Dental College and Hospital, Kalburgi, Karnataka, India
| | - Karishma Madhusudhan Desai
- Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Oral Microbiology, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y.Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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18
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Li M, Huo L, Du F, Li W, Zhang H, Shi B. Prevalence, emotional and follow-up burden of insulin injection-related needle-stick injuries among clinical nurses in Shaanxi Province, west of China: A cross-sectional study. Nurs Open 2022; 9:1984-1994. [PMID: 35343081 PMCID: PMC9190700 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims and objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence, emotional and follow‐up burden of insulin injection‐related needle‐stick injuries among clinical nurses. Background needle‐stick injures introduce statistically significant occupational hazards to healthcare workers. Although the large proportion of the needles injuries attributed to insulin injection, research evidence about the prevalence, emotional and follow‐up burden of such injures is lacking. Design Cross‐sectional study. Methods 5389 nurses were recruited from 45 hospitals in Shaanxi, China, from November 2018 to July 2019. Participants were administrated with a questionnaire specifically developed for this study. Descriptive statistics were used to present the findings. Results All 5,389 nurses responded to the survey, of which 396 (7.4%) participants experienced 620 insulin injection‐related needle‐stick injuries in the past year, representing an annual prevalence of 115.0 per 1000 nurses. The annual prevalence of infection caused by the injuries was 18.7 per 1000 nurses. The injuries occurred most frequently when nurses were recapping the needle (42.4%). In the majority (98.4%) of the injuries, the hurt nurses took proper immediate actions. However, only 30.3% of nurses reported the injuries to the administrative staff, and in 43.2% of the injuries, the nurses refused or discontinued the suggested follow‐up. A large proportion (58.6%) of the hurt nurses experienced emotional changes. Multivariate logistic regression showed that department, removing and/or setting back needle caps with bare hands, frequency of insulin pen and syringes are associated with the incidence of insulin injection‐related needle‐stick injuries. This paper is reported following the STROBE recommendations. Conclusions This survey demonstrated a considerably high prevalence of insulin injection‐related needle‐stick injuries among clinical nurses. Even though the majority of the hurt nurses took proper immediate actions, a large quantity of them failed to report the accidents to the administrative staff and complete the suggested follow‐up. Nurses who suffered from insulin injection‐related needle‐stick injuries were subject to various negative emotional changes. It portends a statistically significant risk to occupational health management for nurses. Relevance to clinical practice Scientific preventive and management strategies are desirable in order to minimize the consequences of insulin injection‐related needle‐stick injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lanting Huo
- Faculty of Nursing, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fenjing Du
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wuping Li
- Shaanxi Nursing Association, Xi'an, China
| | - Huali Zhang
- Department of Clinical Management, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Bingyin Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, China
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HaGani N, Englard Hershler M, Ben Shlush E. The relationship between burnout, commuting crashes and drowsy driving among hospital health care workers. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2022; 95:1357-1367. [PMID: 35318536 PMCID: PMC8939491 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-022-01855-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burnout and work satisfaction have been shown to be associated with risk of commuting crashes and drowsy driving. Although health care workers (HCWs) were found to have high burnout, no study has yet examined the relationship between burnout and commuting crashes in this occupational group. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to examine the relationships between burnout, commuting crashes and drowsy driving among HCWs. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among 291 HCWs in a tertiary hospital, using an online survey focusing on burnout subscales, work satisfaction, commuting crashes, and drowsy driving to and from work. RESULTS One third of the sample population reported commuting crashes that led to physical, mental, and quality-of-life harms in more than half of them. Burnout was not associated with commuting crashes; however, it was associated with increased drowsy driving. Nurses reported on more physical, emotional, and quality-of-life harms, and administrative staff reported on more physical harm. Low work satisfaction was significantly associated with higher severity of reported mental harm (p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Burnout and commuting crashes are more common among physician and nurses, compared to other HCWs. Work satisfaction and sense of personal accomplishment can reduce the negative outcomes of commuting crashes and may contribute to recovery of HCWs after commuting crashes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neta HaGani
- Department of Social Work, Rambam Health Care Campus, HaAliya HaShniya St 8, 3109601, Haifa, Israel.
| | | | - Eli Ben Shlush
- Department of Human Resources, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
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Hambridge K, Endacott R, Nichols A. Exploring the psychological effects of sharps injuries sustained by healthcare workers. Nurs Stand 2022; 37:e11785. [PMID: 35224918 DOI: 10.7748/ns.2022.e11785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Much of the research into sharps injuries sustained by healthcare workers focuses on prevalence and incidence and to a lesser extent the financial implications of such injuries. An under-researched area is the psychological effects of such injuries. This article reports the findings of a narrative literature review that aimed to synthesise the evidence on this subject. Electronic databases and the grey literature were searched with no date limits set and 27 articles were included in the review. Findings suggested that healthcare workers may experience a range of psychological issues following a sharps injury, including post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety and depression. There was also evidence to suggest that the necessary psychological follow-up care is often inadequate, so improvements are required in this area. Further research is necessary to enhance understanding of the psychological effects of sharps injuries on healthcare workers and to ensure they receive appropriate support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Hambridge
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, England
| | - Ruth Endacott
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, England
| | - Andrew Nichols
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, England
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21
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Comparing risk changes of needlestick injuries between countries adopted and not adopted the needlestick safety and prevention act: A meta-analysis. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2021; 43:1221-1227. [PMID: 34674781 PMCID: PMC9483715 DOI: 10.1017/ice.2021.372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine whether countries that adopted the Needlestick Safety and Prevention Act (NSPA) achieved a reduced risk of needlestick injuries (NSIs). METHOD In this meta-analysis, 3 international databases (Embase, PubMed, and MEDLINE EBSCO) and 1 Chinese database (Airiti Library) were searched using appropriate keywords to retrieve relevant articles, including multiyear NSI incidences that were published after 2010. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Prevalence Studies was used to evaluate article prevalence. A binary random-effects model was used to estimate risk ratio as summary effect. A log scale was used to evaluate differences in risk ratios of NSIs between countries that adopted versus those that did not adopt the NSPA. RESULTS In total, 11 articles were included in the meta-analysis from 9 countries, and NSI incidence rates were surveyed between 1993 and 2016. The risk ratios of NSIs in countries with and without the NSPA were 0.78 (95% CI, 0.67-0.91) and 0.98 (95% CI, 0.85-1.12), respectively, and the ratio of risk ratios was 0.79 (95% CI, 0.65-0.98). Reduction in NSI incidence was more prominent in nurses than in physicians. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the mandatory use of safety-engineered medical devices in countries that adopted the NSPA had lower NSI incidence in healthcare workers compared with countries without needlestick safety and prevention regulatory policies. Further studies are needed to develop preventive strategies to protect against NSIs in physicians, which should be incorporated into the standards of care established by national regulatory agencies.
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22
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Govender R, Naidoo S. A comparison of knowledge and practices of universal precautions among public sector health care workers in Ugu north sub-district, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa (2010-2014). S Afr J Infect Dis 2021; 35:162. [PMID: 34485476 PMCID: PMC8377797 DOI: 10.4102/sajid.v35i1.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Annually, there are a high number of needlestick injuries (NSIs) among health care workers (HCWs) globally. The knowledge and practice of HCWs of universal precautions (UPs) play an important role in determining the risk of an NSI. The objective of this study was to compare the knowledge and practices of UPs among HCWs with NSIs with HCWs without NSIs, in Ugu north sub-district in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), South Africa, between 2010 and 2014. Methods A study among HCWs having an NSI (n = 100) between 2010 and 2014 compared with controls (n = 200) was conducted in 2016–2017 at a district hospital and 11 primary health care facilities in Ugu north sub-district, KZN, South Africa. Health care workers’ knowledge and practices of UPs were assessed by using a standardised questionnaire. Knowledge and practice responses were scored, and means and standard deviations (SDs) were calculated. Total scores of knowledge and practices were categorised into acceptable and unacceptable, and a binary logistic model was used to identify independent factors associated with being a case. The accepted level of significance was 0.05. Results The majority of the participants were nurses (n = 233; 77.7%) and female (n = 227; 75.7%). Control HCWs had better practice scores for UPs (86.13%; SD: 16.57) compared with cases (82.43%; SD: 19.98). The logistic regression analysis showed that the HCWs with acceptable knowledge and unacceptable practice were more likely to have had an NSI (odds ratio [OR]: 5.8; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.4–24.0). Conclusion There were significant differences between cases and controls with respect to knowledge and practice of UPs that are important findings for workplace health and safety and HCW training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renee Govender
- Ugu Health District, KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Department of Health, KwaZulu-Natal, Port Shepstone, South Africa.,Discipline of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Saloshni Naidoo
- Discipline of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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Strid EN, Wåhlin C, Ros A, Kvarnström S. Health care workers' experiences of workplace incidents that posed a risk of patient and worker injury: a critical incident technique analysis. BMC Health Serv Res 2021; 21:511. [PMID: 34044852 PMCID: PMC8157721 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-021-06517-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Health care workers (HCWs) are at high risk of occupational injuries and approximately 10–15% of patients are affected by an adverse event during their hospital stay. There is scarce scientific literature about how HCWs manage these risks in practice and what support they need. This knowledge is needed to improve safety for patients and HCWs. This study explores HCWs’ experiences of workplace incidents that led to injury or posed a risk of patient and worker injury, with focus on HCWs’ emotions and actions. Methods This study employed a qualitative design using the critical incident technique. Semi-structured individual interviews were held with 34 HCWs from three regions in Sweden. Data were analysed using inductive category development. Results Altogether 71 workplace incidents were reported. The analysis of two dimensions – the emotions HCWs feel and the actions team members and managers take when a workplace incident occurs – yielded two categories each: Anxiety during the incident, Persistent distress after the incident, Team interplay for safety actions and Support and ratification from managers and colleagues. Health care workers risked their own safety and health to provide patient safety. Teamwork and trustful relationships were critical for patient and worker safety. Support and validation from colleagues and managers were important for closure; unsatisfactory manager response and insufficient opportunities to debrief the incident could lead to persistent negative emotions. Participants described insecurity and fear, sadness over being injured at work, and shame and self-regret when the patient or themselves were injured. When the workplace had not taken the expected action, they felt anger and resignation, often turning into long-term distress. Conclusions Work situations leading to injury or risk of patient and worker injury are emotionally distressing for HCWs. Team interplay may facilitate safe and dynamic practices and help HCWs overcome negative emotions. Organizational support is imperative for individual closure. For safety in health care, employers need to develop strategies for active management of risks, avoiding injuries and providing support after an injury. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12913-021-06517-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Nilsing Strid
- University Health Care Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
| | - Charlotte Wåhlin
- Division of Prevention, Rehabilitation and Community Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine Centre, and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Unit of Intervention and Implementation Research for Worker Health, Institute for Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Axel Ros
- Region Jönköping County and The Jönköping Academy for Improvement of Health and Welfare, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Susanne Kvarnström
- Region Östergötland, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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Worldwide Prevalence of Occupational Exposure to Needle Stick Injury among Healthcare Workers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES & MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 2021; 2021:9019534. [PMID: 33564345 PMCID: PMC7864758 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9019534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background Healthcare workers are at high risk of occupational exposure to needle stick injury worldwide. Occupational exposure to needle stick injury represents the most common sources of infection such as hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and human immunodeficiency virus. Thus, this review aimed to determine the career time and previous one-year global pooled prevalence of occupational exposure to needle stick injury among healthcare workers. Methods The review considered articles written in English language and published from 2012 to 2020. The articles were searched using nine electronic databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Cochrane library, Web of Science, SCOPUS, MedNar, and ScienceDirect) using a combination of Boolean logic operators (AND, OR, and NOT), Medical Subject Headings, and keywords. Quality assessment was performed to determine the relevance of the articles using Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools. Several steps of assessment and evaluation were taken to select and analyze the relevant articles. Results The worldwide pooled prevalence of needle stick injuries among healthcare workers during career time and previous one year was 56.2% (95% CI: 47.1, 64.9) and 32.4% (95% CI: 22.0, 44.8), respectively. The career time pooled prevalence of needle stick injuries based on the socioeconomic development and study area was 54.8% and 55.1%, respectively, and one-year pooled prevalence of needle stick injury was 26.0% and 20.9%. Conclusion The review found a high prevalence of occupational exposure to needle stick injury among healthcare workers and suggests the need to improve occupational health and safety services in the healthcare systems.
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Ganczak M, Topczewska K, Biesiada D, Korzeń M. Frequency of Occupational Bloodborne Infections and Sharps Injuries among Polish Paramedics from Selected Ambulance Stations. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 18:ijerph18010060. [PMID: 33374768 PMCID: PMC7796263 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18010060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the prevalence of bloodborne infections (BBIs) and assess the incidence and selected risk factors for sharps injuries (SIs), a cross-sectional serosurvey was performed between December 2018 and October 2019 among 286 paramedics (76.5% males; mean age, 37 years) from 17 randomly selected ambulance stations in the West Pomeranian region of Poland. An ELISA system was used to detect anti-HBc, anti-HCV, and anti-HIV. HBV vaccination uptake was 95.6%; 7.3% (95% CI: 4.6–11.0%) paramedics were anti-HBc positive, and anti-HCV/anti-HIV seropositivity was not reported. Almost one-fourth of paramedics reported having had ≥1 SI during the preceding year (Me = 6.0, range 1–100). Most recent exposures primarily took place during an emergency procedure (76.7%), in an ambulance (45.2%), caused by hollow-bore needles (73.8%), and were not reported (50.0%). Additionally, 52.2% of paramedics reported needle recapping, and 52.6% did not use safety engineered devices (SEDs) at work. Mean knowledge score was low (2.6 ± 1.7); 3.4% had never participated in infection-control (IC) training, and those not trained were more likely to suffer a SI (odds ratio (OR) 4.64; p = 0.03). Due to frequent SIs, of which half are unreported, paramedics remain at risk of acquiring occupational BBIs. SI risk could be reduced by providing training on IC procedures, ensuring better compliance with safe work practices, and supplying more SEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ganczak
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Zielona Góra, Zyty 28, 65-046 Zielona Góra, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Katarzyna Topczewska
- Department of Epidemiology and Management, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University, Rybacka 1, 70-214 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Daniel Biesiada
- General Practitioner Office, Non-Public Healthcare Management Unit, Szkolna 9, 73-240 Bierzwnik, Poland;
| | - Marcin Korzeń
- Department of Methods of Artificial Intelligence and Applied Mathematics, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Zolnierska 46, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland;
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Causes of Needlestick and Sharps Injuries When Using Devices with and without Safety Features. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17238721. [PMID: 33255337 PMCID: PMC7727709 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17238721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Safety-engineered devices (SEDs) have been developed to protect healthcare personnel (HCP) from needlestick and sharps injuries (NSIs). The aim of this study was to analyze NSIs associated with SEDs and non-SEDs among HCP in hospitals, medical offices and care facilities. Records from online questionnaires on NSIs were used. Causes of NSIs were compared for SED use and healthcare setting. A sample of 835 files was included. Injuries with SEDs accounted for 35.0% of all NSIs, whereas the proportions were higher in medical offices and lower in care facilities. NSIs in nurses were more often associated with SEDs than NSIs in physicians. NSIs from intravenous needles were associated with SEDs in more than 60% of cases in hospitals and medical offices and in about 30.0% of cases in care facilities. In contrast, suturing was associated with every fourth NSI in hospitals, of which fewer than 10.0% were associated with SEDs. In care facilities, SEDs were involved in 36.1% of NSIs during subcutaneous injections. NSIs during disposal accounted for 29.2% of total NSIs, of which 36.1% were associated with SEDs. Frequent reasons for SED-associated NSIs were technical problems, unexpected patient movement and problems during disposal. Our analysis shows that many NSIs are associated with SEDs. Continuous training is necessary in the handling and disposal of SEDs.
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Ahadizadeh EN, Quintanilla-Dieck L, Pfeifer H, Wax MK. Needlestick Injury in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Resident Programs. Laryngoscope 2020; 131:E1076-E1080. [PMID: 33141429 DOI: 10.1002/lary.29234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Up to 800,000 percutaneous injuries involving healthcare workers occur each year. The morbidity of needlestick injuries (NSIs) ranges from nothing to death. The incidence of NSI in otolaryngology residency is deemed to be high based on prior studies. This study aimed at defining the trends in otolaryngology residents regarding sharps exposure. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study using survey/questionnaire. METHODS Otolaryngology accredited residency programs in North America were surveyed in 2013 and 2017 regarding their experience with NSI and perceived risk of acquiring a blood-borne infection. RESULTS Surveys were received from 314 residents (31 programs). There was a total of 509 needlesticks, primarily occurring during junior years (post-graduate year 1-3, 81%). Sixty-eight percent of residents had experienced an NSI. Of the residents that had an injury, the mean number of sticks was 2.37 sticks/resident. Junior residents were less likely to report their injury compared to senior residents (50% vs. 30%). The primary reason for not reporting was the time commitment. Residents underestimated their risk of acquiring human immunodeficiency virus (51% of residents) and overestimated their risk of acquiring hepatitis C virus (90% of residents). CONCLUSIONS Occupational exposure is high in healthcare and particularly high in surgical trainees. The majority of otolaryngology trainees undergo a needlestick injury in their junior years. There continues to be underreporting of these injuries by residents, who report that the process is too time-consuming. Most residents do not have an accurate understanding of their actual risk of acquiring a blood-borne disease. These findings emphasize the need for education regarding risks and development of strategies to encourage reporting of injuries. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE VI Laryngoscope, 131:E1076-E1080, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily N Ahadizadeh
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, U.S.A
| | - Lourdes Quintanilla-Dieck
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, U.S.A
| | - Hailey Pfeifer
- School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, U.S.A
| | - Mark K Wax
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, U.S.A.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, U.S.A
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Catania VE, Malaguarnera G, Fiorenza G, Chisari EM, Lipari AR, Gallina V, Pennisi M, Lanza G, Malaguarnera M. Hepatitis C Virus Infection Increases Fatigue in Health Care Workers. Diseases 2020; 8:diseases8040037. [PMID: 33076215 PMCID: PMC7709099 DOI: 10.3390/diseases8040037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatigue is a common state associated with a weakening or depletion of one's physical and mental resources, that leads to the inability to continue the individual functioning at a normal level of activity. Frequently, fatigue represents a response to infections, inflammation and autoimmune diseases. The scope of this study was to evaluate the fatigue in healthcare workers with and without hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Mental, physical and severity fatigue were evaluated through Krupp, Wessely and Powell fatigue scale. Anti-HCV antibodies, HCV RNA and HCV genotypes were also measured. Physical, mental and severity fatigue were higher in healthcare workers with HCV infection than the healthcare workers without infection (p < 0.01). Our data showed a direct link between fatigue and HCV infection in healthcare workers. Further studies are needed to evaluate HCV antiviral treatments on fatigue severity and on quality of life in healthcare workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vito Emanuele Catania
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy;
| | - Giulia Malaguarnera
- “The Great Senescence” Research Centre, University of Catania, 95100 Catania, Italy; (G.M.); (G.F.)
| | - Giorgia Fiorenza
- “The Great Senescence” Research Centre, University of Catania, 95100 Catania, Italy; (G.M.); (G.F.)
| | | | | | - Valentino Gallina
- SPRESAL ASP ENNA, 94100 Enna, Italy; (A.R.L.); (V.G.)
- Faculty of Engineering and Architecture-Risk analysis and work safety organization-Kore University of Enna, 94100 Enna, Italy
| | - Manuela Pennisi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Lanza
- Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Michele Malaguarnera
- “The Great Senescence” Research Centre, University of Catania, 95100 Catania, Italy; (G.M.); (G.F.)
- Correspondence:
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Yang H, Zhang H, Lu Y, Gu Y, Zhou J, Bai Y. A program to improve the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of needle stick and sharps injuries through bundled interventions among nurses: An KAP Mode-Based Approach to Intervention. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2020; 27:999-1010. [PMID: 33048583 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2020.1830132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Nursing Department, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Nursing Department, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Nursing Department, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Youhui Gu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Nursing Department, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Nursing Department, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yueling Bai
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Nursing Department, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
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Bagnasco A, Zanini M, Catania G, Watson R, Hayter M, Dasso N, Dini G, Agodi A, Pasquarella C, Zotti CM, Durando P, Sasso L. Predicting needlestick and sharps injuries in nursing students: Development of the SNNIP scale. Nurs Open 2020; 7:1578-1587. [PMID: 32802379 PMCID: PMC7424443 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To develop an instrument to investigate knowledge and predictive factors of needlestick and sharps injuries (NSIs) in nursing students during clinical placements. Design Instrument development and cross-sectional study for psychometric testing. Methods A self-administered instrument including demographic data, injury epidemiology and predictive factors of NSIs was developed between October 2018-January 2019. Content validity was assessed by a panel of experts. The instrument's factor structure and discriminant validity were explored using principal components analysis. The STROBE guidelines were followed. Results Evidence of content validity was found (S-CVI 0.75; I-CVI 0.50-1.00). A three-factor structure was shown by exploratory factor analysis. Of the 238 participants, 39% had been injured at least once, of which 67.3% in the second year. Higher perceptions of "personal exposure" (4.06, SD 3.78) were reported by third-year students. Higher scores for "perceived benefits" of preventive behaviours (13.6, SD 1.46) were reported by second-year students.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Milko Zanini
- Department of Health SciencesUniversity of GenoaGenoaItaly
| | | | - Roger Watson
- Faculty of Health and Social CareUniversity of HullHullUK
| | - Mark Hayter
- Faculty of Health and Social CareUniversity of HullHullUK
| | | | - Guglielmo Dini
- Occupational Medicine UnitDepartment of Health SciencesPoliclinico San Martino HospitalUniversity of GenoaGenoaItaly
| | - Antonella Agodi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "GF Ingrassia"University of CataniaCataniaItaly
| | | | - Carla Maria Zotti
- Department of Public Health and PediatricsUniversity of TurinTurinItaly
| | - Paolo Durando
- Occupational Medicine UnitDepartment of Health SciencesPoliclinico San Martino HospitalUniversity of GenoaGenoaItaly
| | - Loredana Sasso
- Department of Health SciencesUniversity of GenoaGenoaItaly
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Malinowski M, Serafin A, Prazmowska-Wilanowska A. DropSafe safety pen needle helps to prevent accidental needlesticks after injections: results of a simulated clinical study. J Infect Prev 2020; 22:19-27. [PMID: 33841558 DOI: 10.1177/1757177420948580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Most needlestick injuries (NSIs) result from unsafe needle devices. DropSafe safety pen needle (SPN) was designed to help prevent such injuries before, during and after use through a built-in sharps injury prevention feature (SIPF). Methods A two-phase study was undertaken. For the pilot study, five non-healthcare users (NHCUs) performed evaluations. For the validation study, 30 evaluators comprising 10 healthcare professionals (HCPs) and 20 NHCUs performed evaluations. The aim of the study was to validate the performance of the SIPF of the SPN and to collect feedback from the evaluators on several aspects of the safety device. Participants performed simulated injections into an orange. Results The results show that no device failures were observed, and all manipulations were performed without a needlestick or without contact with the needle after injection. The safety feature of the SPN was activated successfully. It was shown that: the label on the seal was legible; the SPNs were easy to attach to the pen injector; injections were easy to perform; it was clear when safety feature was activated; removing the SPN from the injection pen was easy; and the written instructions were easy to understand. Conclusion The performance of the safety feature of SPN was successfully evaluated in terms of the prevention of NSIs. User feedback demonstrate that the device's ease of use, handling and instructions for use ensure safety and effectiveness of the SPN when used as intended.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Serafin
- Regulatory Affairs Department, HTL-Strefa S.A., Ozorkow, Poland
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Smith WAJ, Mohammed SK, Al-Bayaty H. Self-reported percutaneous injuries of students and interns at the School of Dentistry in Trinidad: A follow up study of an updated sharps protocol. CARIBBEAN MEDICAL JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.48107/cmj.2020.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective To report the results of a survey of all percutaneous injuries that occurred between 2009 – 2014 among students and interns at the dental school in Trinidad and to evaluate compliance with the protocol for the management of percutaneous injuries. Methods Data was collected via questionnaires administered to 186 clinical students and interns in 2012 and 2014. Data were analysed using SPSS® 17.0 Statistical software. Results A 90% response rate was obtained. Forty-eight persons (29%) reported one or more sharps injuries at the dental school. Of the 76 sharps injuries reported, 55 were
percutaneous. Needle sticks and burs accounted for the majority of injuries and mostly occurred while working on patients. There were no significant relationships (p>0.05)
between sex nor student year with the occurrence of injuries. 76% of the respondents described their concern for contracting blood borne injuries from sharps injuries as “high.” After injury, 41% of the respondents followed the school’s protocol for sharps injuries. Conclusion The prevalence of percutaneous injuries among students and interns at the UWI dental school in Trinidad is 23% and occur most commonly while working on patients.
Compliance with the protocol for percutaneous injuries
needs to be improved. The protocol needs to be audited
to improve efficiency and reinforced to the students,
interns and clinical supervisors during their clinical years.
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Affiliation(s)
- WAJ Smith
- School of Dentistry, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad, West Indies
| | - SK Mohammed
- School of Dentistry, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad, West Indies
| | - H Al-Bayaty
- School of Dentistry, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad, West Indies
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Bahuguna P, Prinja S, Lahariya C, Dhiman RK, Kumar MP, Sharma V, Aggarwal AK, Bhaskar R, De Graeve H, Bekedam H. Cost-Effectiveness of Therapeutic Use of Safety-Engineered Syringes in Healthcare Facilities in India. APPLIED HEALTH ECONOMICS AND HEALTH POLICY 2020; 18:393-411. [PMID: 31741306 PMCID: PMC7250963 DOI: 10.1007/s40258-019-00536-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, 16 billion injections are administered each year of which 95% are for curative care. India contributes 25-30% of the global injection load. Over 63% of these injections are reportedly unsafe or deemed unnecessary. OBJECTIVES To assess the incremental cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained with the introduction of safety-engineered syringes (SES) as compared to disposable syringes for therapeutic care in India. METHODS A decision tree was used to compute the volume of needle-stick injuries (NSIs) and reuse episodes among healthcare professionals and the patient population. Subsequently, three separate Markov models were used to compute lifetime costs and QALYs for individuals infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Three SES were evaluated-reuse prevention syringe (RUP), sharp injury prevention (SIP) syringe, and syringes with features of both RUP and SIP. A lifetime study horizon starting from a base year of 2017 was considered appropriate to cover all costs and consequences comprehensively. A systematic review was undertaken to assess the SES effects in terms of reduction in NSIs and reuse episodes. These were then modelled in terms of reduction in transmission of blood-borne infections, life-years and QALYs gained. Future costs and consequences were discounted at the rate of 3%. Incremental cost per QALY gained was computed to assess the cost-effectiveness. A probabilistic sensitivity analysis was undertaken to account for parameter uncertainties. RESULTS The introduction of RUP, SIP and RUP + SIP syringes in India is estimated to incur an incremental cost of Indian National Rupee (INR) 61,028 (US$939), INR 7,768,215 (US$119,511) and INR 196,135 (US$3017) per QALY gained, respectively. A total of 96,296 HBV, 44,082 HCV and 5632 HIV deaths are estimated to be averted due to RUP in 20 years. RUP has an 84% probability to be cost-effective at a threshold of per capita gross domestic product (GDP). The RUP syringe can become cost saving at a unit price of INR 1.9. Similarly, SIP and RUP + SIP syringes can be cost-effective at a unit price of less than INR 1.2 and INR 5.9, respectively. CONCLUSION RUP syringes are estimated to be cost-effective in the Indian context. SIP and RUP + SIP syringes are not cost-effective at the current unit prices. Efforts should be made to bring down the price of SES to improve its cost-effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Bahuguna
- School of Public Health, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Shankar Prinja
- School of Public Health, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India.
| | | | - Radha Krishan Dhiman
- Department of Hepatology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Madhumita Prem Kumar
- Department of Hepatology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vineeta Sharma
- School of Public Health, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Arun Kumar Aggarwal
- School of Public Health, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | | | - Hilde De Graeve
- World Health Organization Country Office for India, New Delhi, India
| | - Henk Bekedam
- World Health Organization Country Office for India, New Delhi, India
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Abere G, Yenealem DG, Wami SD. Occupational Exposure to Blood and Body Fluids among Health Care Workers in Gondar Town, Northwest Ethiopia: A Result from Cross-Sectional Study. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 2020:3640247. [PMID: 32508935 PMCID: PMC7245691 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3640247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Health care workers are at the greatest risk of developing blood-borne diseases through occupational exposure to blood and other contaminated body fluids. Occupational exposure to blood and body fluids (BBFs) continues to be the major public health problems and serious concern for the health care force in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was aimed to determine the prevalence of exposure to blood and other body fluids and its associated risk factors among health care workers. Methods The institution-based cross-sectional study design was employed from January 20 to February 30, 2018. A stratified random sampling followed by a simple random sampling technique was used to select 286 study participants. Data were collected using a pretested and structured questionnaire. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with occupational exposure to BBFs. The significance level was obtained at a 95% confidence interval (CI) and p value ≤ 0.05. Results The prevalence of occupational exposure to blood and body fluids among health care workers in the last 12 months was 65.3% (95% CI: 59.4, 70.9). Lack of readily available personal protective equipment (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)) = 3.01, 95% CI: 1.56, 5.84), lack of training (AOR = 3.36, 95% CI: 1.1, 11.2), Khat chewing (AOR = 2.74, 95% CI: 1.3, 5.8), and being a medical doctor (AOR = 5.1, 95% CI: 1.68, 15.21) were significantly associated risk factors with occupational exposure to blood and other body fluids. Conclusions In this study, occupational exposure to blood and other body fluids among health care workers remains a major health problem. Hence, ensuring the availability of personal protective equipment, developing strategies on banning, and strict monitoring of Khat chewing and training on infection prevention should be emphasized to minimize the problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giziew Abere
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, P.O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Dawit Getachew Yenealem
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, P.O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Sintayehu Daba Wami
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, P.O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Groneberg DA, Braumann H, Rolle S, Quarcoo D, Klingelhöfer D, Fischer A, Nienhaus A, Brüggmann D. Needlestick injuries: a density-equalizing mapping and socioeconomic analysis of the global research. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2020; 93:995-1006. [PMID: 32372129 PMCID: PMC7199875 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-020-01547-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Needlestick injuries have caused a deleterious effect on the physical and mental health of millions of health-care workers over the past decades, being responsible for occupational infections with viruses such as HIV or hepatis C. Despite this heavy burden of disease, no concise studies have been published on the global research landscape so far. Methods We used the New Quality and Quantity Indices in Science platform to analyze global NSI research (n = 2987 articles) over the past 115 years using the Web of Science and parameters such as global versus country-specific research activities, semi-qualitative issues, and socioeconomic figures. Results Density-equalizing mapping showed that although a total of n = 106 countries participated in NSI research, large parts of Africa and South America were almost invisible regarding global participation in NSI research. Average citation rate (cr) analysis indicated a high rate for Switzerland (cr = 25.1), Italy (cr = 23.5), and Japan (cr = 19.2). Socioeconomic analysis revealed that the UK had the highest quotient QGDP of 0.13 NSI-specific publications per bill. US-$ gross domestic product (GDP), followed by South Africa (QGDP = 0.12). Temporal analysis of HIV versus hepatitis research indicated that NSI-HIV research culminated in the early 1990s, whereas NSI-hepatitis research increased over the observed period from the 1980s until the last decade. Conclusion Albeit NSI research activity is generally increasing, the growth is asymmetrical from a global viewpoint. International strategies should be followed that put a focus on NSI in non-industrialized areas of the world. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00420-020-01547-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Groneberg
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Hannah Braumann
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Stefan Rolle
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - David Quarcoo
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Doris Klingelhöfer
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Axel Fischer
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Free University and Humboldt-University, Berlin, Germany
| | - Albert Nienhaus
- Competence Centre for Epidemiology and Health Services Research for Healthcare Professionals (CVcare), University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Occupational Medicine, Hazardous Substances and Public Health (AGG), Institution for Statutory Accident Insurance and Prevention in the Health and Welfare Services (BGW), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dörthe Brüggmann
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Shi Y, Xue H, Ma Y, Wang L, Gao T, Shi L, Wang Y, Cui M, Wang C, Yang X, Liu M, Fan L, Yan G. Prevalence of occupational exposure and its influence on job satisfaction among Chinese healthcare workers: a large-sample, cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e031953. [PMID: 32303512 PMCID: PMC7200032 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study had three objectives: (1) describe the prevalence of occupational exposure among Chinese medical personnel in detail, (2) verify the partial mediating role of work environment satisfaction in the relationship between occupational exposure and job satisfaction, and (3) examine if stress symptoms moderate the relationship between occupational exposure and job satisfaction. DESIGN A large cross-sectional online survey was conducted in July 2018 in China. SETTING A survey was conducted in 54 cities across 14 provinces of China. PARTICIPANTS A total of 12 784 questionnaires were distributed, and 9924 healthcare workers (HCWs) completed valid questionnaires. The response rate was 77.63%. OUTCOME MEASURES A confidential questionnaire was distributed to HCWs. The relationships among and the mechanisms of the variables were explored using descriptive statistical analyses, Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression analysis. RESULTS The most common occupational exposures among HCWs in the past 12 months were psychosocial and organisational hazards (85.93%). Overall, physicians (93.7%) and nurses (89.2%) were the main victims of occupational exposure. Occupational exposure correlated negatively with work environment satisfaction and job satisfaction, and positively with stress symptoms. Moreover, work environment satisfaction fully mediated the relationship between occupational exposure and job satisfaction, and stress symptoms moderated the relationship between occupational exposure and job satisfaction. CONCLUSION The incidence of occupational exposure among HCWs is generally high. The high frequency of psychosocial and organisational hazards among physicians and nurses should be taken seriously and dealt with in a timely manner by hospital managers. The negative impact of occupational exposure on job satisfaction must be buffered by measures to reduce stress symptoms and enhance working environment satisfaction, ultimately improving the overall quality of life of HCWs and promoting comprehensive development of the medical team.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shi
- School of Health Management, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Haifeng Xue
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qiqihar Medical College, Qiqihar, China
| | - Yuanshuo Ma
- School of Health Management, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Licheng Wang
- Office of the Outpatient Department of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tian Gao
- Performance Office, Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Lei Shi
- School of Health Management, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Office of Coordination of Doctor-Patient Relations, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Cui
- Doctor-Patient Office, Beijing Friendship Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Medical Insurance Office, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xi Yang
- School of Health Management, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ming Liu
- School of Health Management, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lihua Fan
- School of Health Management, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Guanyun Yan
- Department of Marketing, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Bouya S, Balouchi A, Rafiemanesh H, Amirshahi M, Dastres M, Moghadam MP, Behnamfar N, Shyeback M, Badakhsh M, Allahyari J, Al Mawali A, Ebadi A, Dezhkam A, Daley KA. Global Prevalence and Device Related Causes of Needle Stick Injuries among Health Care Workers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Ann Glob Health 2020; 86:35. [PMID: 32346521 PMCID: PMC7181946 DOI: 10.5334/aogh.2698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Healthcare workers (HCWs) suffer more than 2 million occupational needle-stick injuries (NSIs) annually. Goal To determine the global prevalence and causes of NSIs among HCWs. Methods In this systematic review and meta-analysis, three databases (PubMed, Web of science, and Scopus) were searched for reports from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2018. The random effects model was used to determine the prevalence of NSIs among HCWs. Hoy et al.'s instrument was employed to evaluate the quality of the included studies. Findings A total of 87 studies performed on 50,916 HCWs in 31 countries worldwide were included in the study. The one-year global pooled prevalence of NSIs among HCWs was 44.5% (95% CI: 35.7, 53.2). Highest prevalence of NSIs occurred in the South East Asia region at 58.2% (95%, CI: 36.7, 79.8). By job category, prevalence of NSIs was highest among dentists at 59.1% (95% CI: 38.8, 79.4), Hypodermic needles were the most common cause of NSIs at 55.1% (95% CI: 41.4, 68.9). Conclusion The current high prevalence of NSIs among HCWs suggests need to improve occupational health services and needle-stick education programs globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salehoddin Bouya
- Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Clinical Immunology Research Center, Ali-Ebne Abitaleb Hospital, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR
| | - Abbas Balouchi
- Student Research Committee, Nursing and Midwifery School, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR
| | - Hosien Rafiemanesh
- Student Research Committee, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR
| | | | - Majid Dastres
- Nursing and Midwifery school, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR
| | - Mahdieh Poodineh Moghadam
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, IR
| | - Niaz Behnamfar
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of nursing and midwifery, Tehran medical sciences, Islamic Azad university, Tehran, IR
| | | | - Mahin Badakhsh
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, IR
| | | | - Adhra Al Mawali
- Centre of Studies and Research, Oman Ministry of Health, Muscat, OM
| | - Abbas Ebadi
- Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Life style institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR
- Nursing Faculty, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR
| | - Asiyeh Dezhkam
- Department of Pediaterics, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, IR
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Sharma R, Gupta P, Jelly P. Pattern and serological profile of healthcare workers with needle-stick and sharp injuries: A retrospective analysis. J Family Med Prim Care 2020; 9:1391-1396. [PMID: 32509621 PMCID: PMC7266197 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1078_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Needle-stick and sharp injuries (NSSIs) are very hazardous to healthcare workers (HCWs) working in any healthcare setting. The burden of NSSIs is more common in developing countries than in developed countries. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted in a multispeciality, tertiary level teaching medical institute. Total 78 NSSIs incidences from 2005 to 2013 were reviewed and included for the study. All the information were retrieved and entered in excel sheet for data analysis. Results: Total of 78 NSSIs cases were reported over a period of 9 years. Maximum incidences of NSSI were reported by nurses (61.5%). A higher proportion (41%) of cases occurred in critical units and emergency and the most common procedure (64.1%) was parenteral medication during which HCWs got NSSIs. Almost half (53.8%) of HCWs had received complete HBV vaccination. Out of 78, 40 HCWs only completed follow-up for 6 months and were found non-reactive for viral markers. Conclusion: The healthcare workers who were involved in patient care are at risk to get NSSIs. The primary prevention of NSSIs is very important. Every institute should have policies on ongoing training programme, HBV vaccination protocol, smooth system of NSSIs reporting, post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) facilities and follow-up of HCWs with NSSIs to prevent the occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Sharma
- College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Pratima Gupta
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Prasuna Jelly
- College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
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Factors associated with physicians' behaviours to prevent needlestick and sharp injuries. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229853. [PMID: 32176715 PMCID: PMC7075559 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Needlestick and sharp injuries (NSIs) experienced by physicians have been identified as a major occupational hazard. Blood-borne pathogens resulting from the NSIs experienced by physicians pose severe physical and psychological threats to them, as well as people who are around them. However, there is little research focusing on physicians' behaviours to prevent NSIs. In the present study, we investigated the roles of safety climate, job demands experienced by physicians, and physicians' self-efficacy in affecting physicians' behaviours to prevent NSIs. METHODS 401 physicians from four teaching hospitals in Northern Taiwan were recruited to participate in an anonymous survey. Among them, 189 physicians returned the completed survey with a response rate of 47.1%. RESULTS Overall, respondents reported frequently engaging in NSI prevention behaviours. As expected, safety climate in hospitals and physicians' self-efficacy to prevent NSIs were significantly related to their behaviours to prevent NSIs (r = 0.22 and r = 0.33, respectively). The moderating analysis also revealed that physicians with high self-efficacy tended to engage in NSI prevention behaviours regardless of levels of job demand they experienced. In contrast to our expectation, however, physicians with low self-efficacy engaged in more NSI prevention behaviours when job demands were high than when the demands were low. CONCLUSIONS Our findings show the important roles safety climate, job demands and self-efficacy play in shaping physicians' NSI prevention behaviours. Hospitals may consider improving safety climate via strengthening management commitments to NSIs prevention, reducing job demands by training physicians to proactively redesign their own jobs, and increasing physicians' self-efficacy via well-designed skill-based training.
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Saadeh R, Khairallah K, Abozeid H, Al Rashdan L, Alfaqih M, Alkhatatbeh O. Needle Stick and Sharp Injuries Among Healthcare Workers: A retrospective six-year study. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J 2020; 20:e54-e62. [PMID: 32190370 PMCID: PMC7065705 DOI: 10.18295/squmj.2020.20.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to examine the proportion of needle stick and sharp injuries (NSSIs) among healthcare workers at King Hussein Medical Center (KHMC), Amman, Jordan. Methods All NSSI reports referred from departments at KHMC to the Preventive Medicine Department between 2013-2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Proportion of NSSIs were calculated and stratified according to age, gender, job title, place and site of injury and the procedure/task during which the injury occurred. Results There were a total of 393 NSSIs. A significant association was found between the proportion of NSSIs and all tested variables (P <0.001). The reported proportion of NSSIs was highest among nurses (39.7%) followed by cleaners (36.3%), physicians (10.4%), other workers (7.4%) and lab technicians (5.9%) during the study's six-year period. Hospital wards were the most common locations (46.1%) where injuries took place. Injuries also occurred most frequently during medical waste collection (38.2%). Conclusion The proportion of NSSIs was highest among nurses and cleaners. Safety policies and training among high-risk groups should be reviewed to reduce the risk of NSSIs. Multicentre studies at a national level should be conducted to examine whether this study's findings reflect national trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami Saadeh
- Department of Public Health & Community Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Khaled Khairallah
- Department of Public Health & Community Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Hussein Abozeid
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Jordanian Royal Medical Services, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Mahmoud Alfaqih
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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Cross-sectional survey on occupational needle stick injuries amongst prehospital emergency medical service personnel in Johannesburg. Afr J Emerg Med 2019; 9:197-201. [PMID: 31890484 PMCID: PMC6933218 DOI: 10.1016/j.afjem.2019.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prehospital personnel are exposed to challenging situations that place them at increased risk of sustaining a needle stick injury (NSI). Blood borne infections such as HIV and Hepatitis B or C may be transmitted from a NSI. Sub-Saharan Africa has the largest number of people living with HIV globally. There is no data pertaining to NSI among Emergency Medical Service (EMS) personnel in South Africa. This study aimed to investigate the cumulative incidence, knowledge, attitudes and practices pertaining to NSIs amongst a select group of prehospital personnel in Johannesburg. METHODS This was a prospective, questionnaire based, cross-sectional survey of personnel employed at three EMS service providers in Johannesburg. RESULTS Of the 240 subjects that participated in the study, there was a total of 93 NSIs amongst 63 (26.3%) subjects. Of these, 41 (65.1%) had sustained one previous NSI, 16 (25.4%) had two NSIs, 5 (7.9%) had three NSIs and one (1.6%) had five NSIs. Almost two-thirds (n = 60; 64.5%) of NSIs were sustained during intravenous line insertion. Most of the study subjects were male (n = 145, 60.4%), between the age of 25-29 years (n = 67, 27.9%), had a BLS qualification as the highest level of training (n = 89, 37.1%), had >10 years of EMS experience (n = 69; 28.8%) and were up to date with their Hepatitis B vaccination at the time of the study. HIV post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) was initiated in 82 (88.2%) out of the 93 NSI incidents. However, the recommended 28-day course of therapy was only completed in 68 (82.9%) out of the 82 cases where PEP was initiated. CONCLUSION Prehospital personnel are at risk of sustaining a NSI. There is a need to promote awareness with regards to the risks, preventive measures, awareness of PEP protocols and the timely initiation and completion of HIV PEP amongst EMS personnel in Johannesburg.
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Leipheimer JM, Balter ML, Chen AI, Pantin EJ, Davidovich AE, Labazzo KS, Yarmush ML. First-in-human evaluation of a hand-held automated venipuncture device for rapid venous blood draws. TECHNOLOGY 2019; 7:98-107. [PMID: 32292800 PMCID: PMC7156113 DOI: 10.1142/s2339547819500067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Obtaining venous access for blood sampling or intravenous (IV) fluid delivery is an essential first step in patient care. However, success rates rely heavily on clinician experience and patient physiology. Difficulties in obtaining venous access result in missed sticks and injury to patients, and typically require alternative access pathways and additional personnel that lengthen procedure times, thereby creating unnecessary costs to healthcare facilities. Here, we present the first-in-human assessment of an automated robotic venipuncture device designed to safely perform blood draws on peripheral forearm veins. The device combines ultrasound imaging and miniaturized robotics to identify suitable vessels for cannulation and robotically guide an attached needle toward the lumen center. The device demonstrated results comparable to or exceeding that of clinical standards, with a success rate of 87% on all participants (n = 31), a 97% success rate on nondifficult venous access participants (n = 25), and an average procedure time of 93 ± 30 s (n = 31). In the future, this device can be extended to other areas of vascular access such as IV catheterization, central venous access, dialysis, and arterial line placement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josh M Leipheimer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Max L Balter
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Alvin I Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Enrique J Pantin
- Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital, 1 Robert Wood Johnson Place, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Alexander E Davidovich
- Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029-5674, USA
| | - Kristen S Labazzo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Martin L Yarmush
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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Wallis J, Shenton DP, Carlisle RC. Novel approaches for the design, delivery and administration of vaccine technologies. Clin Exp Immunol 2019; 196:189-204. [PMID: 30963549 PMCID: PMC6468175 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
It is easy to argue that vaccine development represents humankind's most important and successful endeavour, such is the impact that vaccination has had on human morbidity and mortality over the last 200 years. During this time the original method of Jenner and Pasteur, i.e. that of injecting live-attenuated or inactivated pathogens, has been developed and supplemented with a wide range of alternative approaches which are now in clinical use or under development. These next-generation technologies have been designed to produce a vaccine that has the effectiveness of the original live-attenuated and inactivated vaccines, but without the associated risks and limitations. Indeed, the method of development has undoubtedly moved away from Pasteur's three Is paradigm (isolate, inactivate, inject) towards an approach of rational design, made possible by improved knowledge of the pathogen-host interaction and the mechanisms of the immune system. These novel vaccines have explored methods for targeted delivery of antigenic material, as well as for the control of release profiles, so that dosing regimens can be matched to the time-lines of immune system stimulation and the realities of health-care delivery in dispersed populations. The methods by which vaccines are administered are also the subject of intense research in the hope that needle and syringe dosing, with all its associated issues regarding risk of injury, cross-infection and patient compliance, can be replaced. This review provides a detailed overview of new vaccine vectors as well as information pertaining to the novel delivery platforms under development.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Wallis
- Institute of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - D. P. Shenton
- Defence Science and Technology LaboratoryPorton DownUK
| | - R. C. Carlisle
- Institute of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
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Bragazzi NL, Dini G, Parodi V, Blasi C, Linares R, Mortara V, Toletone A, Bersi FM, D’Amico B, Massa E, Montecucco A, Debarbieri N, Durando P. Protocol of a scoping review assessing injury rates and their determinants among healthcare workers in western countries. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e023372. [PMID: 30705239 PMCID: PMC6359735 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Healthcare workers (HCWs) are exposed to various risk factors and risky behaviours that may seriously affect their health and ability to work. The aim of this protocol is to detail the steps to follow in order to carry out a scoping review to assess the prevalence/incidence of injuries among HCWs. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The study will be carried out in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses-Protocols guidelines. Studies will be selected according to the following criteria: P (HCWs), E (exposure to injuries), C (different types of exposure and different categories of HCWs) and O (prevalence/incidence and determinants of injuries). A time filter has been set (literature between 2000 and 2018) to enable updated, direct comparison between the findings and the epidemiological data available at national and local 'Istituto Nazionale per l'Assicurazione contro gli Infortuni sul Lavoro' (National Institute for Insurance Against Accidents at Work) centres in Italy. No language restriction will be applied. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Formal ethical approval is not required; primary data will not be collected, as they have already been published. The results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publication(s), conference presentation(s) and the press.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Luigi Bragazzi
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), Postgraduate School of Occupational Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Guglielmo Dini
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), Postgraduate School of Occupational Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Occupational Medicine Unit, Policlinico San Martino Hospital IRCCS, Genoa, Italy
| | - Valentina Parodi
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), Postgraduate School of Occupational Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Carlo Blasi
- Liguria Regional Directorate, National Institute for Insurance Against Accidents at Work/ Istituto nazionale per l’assicurazione contro gli infortuni sul lavoro (INAIL), Genoa, Italy
| | - Roberta Linares
- Liguria Regional Directorate, National Institute for Insurance Against Accidents at Work/ Istituto nazionale per l’assicurazione contro gli infortuni sul lavoro (INAIL), Genoa, Italy
| | - Virginia Mortara
- Liguria Regional Directorate, National Institute for Insurance Against Accidents at Work/ Istituto nazionale per l’assicurazione contro gli infortuni sul lavoro (INAIL), Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Toletone
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), Postgraduate School of Occupational Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Occupational Medical Service, Local Health Unit 1, Liguria Regional Healthcare System, Imperia, Italy
| | - Francesca Maria Bersi
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), Postgraduate School of Occupational Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Beatrice D’Amico
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), Postgraduate School of Occupational Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Occupational Medicine Unit, Policlinico San Martino Hospital IRCCS, Genoa, Italy
| | - Emanuela Massa
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), Postgraduate School of Occupational Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alfredo Montecucco
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), Postgraduate School of Occupational Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Occupational Medicine Unit, Policlinico San Martino Hospital IRCCS, Genoa, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Debarbieri
- Occupational Medicine Unit, Policlinico San Martino Hospital IRCCS, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paolo Durando
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), Postgraduate School of Occupational Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Occupational Medicine Unit, Policlinico San Martino Hospital IRCCS, Genoa, Italy
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Ozawa S, Yemeke TT, Tawah AF, Kulkarni V, Villar Uribe M. Out-of-Pocket Household Expenditures on Medical Injections in Cambodia. PHARMACOECONOMICS - OPEN 2018; 2:415-421. [PMID: 29427148 PMCID: PMC6249188 DOI: 10.1007/s41669-018-0067-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cambodia has one of the highest rates of overall medical injection usage worldwide. Therapeutic injections, which are often unnecessary, contribute to the spread of blood-borne diseases. OBJECTIVE This study describes injection practices and associated household expenditures in rural northwest Cambodia. METHODS We assessed care-seeking patterns of surveyed adult family members who sought healthcare in the previous 30 days, including location of care, medical injection use, and out-of-pocket household expenditures for treatment. A regression model was used to explore the impact of injection use on out-of-pocket household expenditures. RESULTS Among 480 households sampled, 298 included members who had been sick within the previous 30 days; a total of 342 episodes of care had been sought. Private providers accounted for over 66% (n = 226) of all episodes of care, with public and informal providers accounting for 20% (n = 69) and 14% (n = 47), respectively. Injections were administered in over 120 (35%) episodes of care, with 81% of injections administered by private providers. Patients who received injections incurred total out-of-pocket household expenditures that were, on average, 126,590 Cambodian Riel (KHR) (US$31.65) higher than those who did not receive injections (p < 0.01), equivalent to nearly half of the country's total annual health expenditure per capita. Receiving injections and perceived severity of illness were significantly associated with higher out-of-pocket household expenditures. CONCLUSION This study found high levels of medical injection use, particularly among private healthcare providers, which was significantly associated with high healthcare expenditures. Reducing the number of medical injections would not only reduce disease transmission risk but also contribute to reduced healthcare costs and greater financial protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Ozawa
- Division of Practice Advancement and Clinical Education, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB#7574, Beard Hall 115H, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Tatenda T Yemeke
- Division of Practice Advancement and Clinical Education, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB#7574, Beard Hall 115H, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Alie F Tawah
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Johns Hopkins Carey Business School, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vivek Kulkarni
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Manuela Villar Uribe
- Health Nutrition and Population Global Practice, World Bank Group, Washington, DC, USA
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Volgenant CMC, de Soet JJ. Cross-transmission in the Dental Office: Does This Make You Ill? CURRENT ORAL HEALTH REPORTS 2018; 5:221-228. [PMID: 30524929 PMCID: PMC6244620 DOI: 10.1007/s40496-018-0201-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Recently, numerous scientific publications were published which shed new light on the possible risks of infection for dental healthcare workers and their patients. This review aimed to provide the latest insights in the relative risks of transmission of (pathogenic) micro-organisms in the dental office. RECENT FINDINGS Of all different routes of micro-organism transmission during or immediately after dental treatment (via direct contact/via blood-blood contact/via dental unit water and aerosols), evidence of transmission is available. However, the recent results put the risks in perspective; infections related to the dental office are most likely when infection control measures are not followed meticulously. SUMMARY The risk for transmission of pathogens in a dental office resulting in an infectious disease is still unknown; it seems to be limited in developed countries but it cannot be considered negligible. Therefore, maintaining high standards of infection preventive measures is of high importance for dental healthcare workers to avoid infectious diseases due to cross-contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. M. C. Volgenant
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry of Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Oral Kinesiology, Academic Centre for Dentistry of Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J. J. de Soet
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry of Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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An HS, Ko S, Bang JH, Park SW. Elimination of Lancet-Related Needlestick Injuries Using a Safety-Engineered Lancet: Experience in a Hospital. Infect Chemother 2018; 50:319-327. [PMID: 30600655 PMCID: PMC6312902 DOI: 10.3947/ic.2018.50.4.319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lancet-related needlestick injuries (NSIs) occur steadily in clinical practices. Safety-engineered devices (SEDs) can systematically reduce NSIs. However, the use of SEDs is not active and no study to guide the implementation of SEDs was known in South Korea. The lancet-related NSIs may be eliminated to zero incidence using a SED lancet with effective sharp injury protection and reuse prevention features. Materials and Methods We implemented a SED lancet by replacing a conventional prick lancet in a tertiary hospital in a sequential approach. A spot test of the new SED was conducted for 1 month to check the acceptability in practice and a questionnaire survey was obtained from the healthcare workers (HCWs). A pilot implementation of the SED lancet in 2 wards was made for 1 year. Based on these preliminary interventions, a hospital-wide full implementation of the SED lancet was launched. The incidence of NSIs and cost expenditure before and after the intervention were compared. Results There were 29 cases of conventional prick lancet-related NSIs for 3 years before the full implementation of SED lancet. The proportion of prick lancet-related NSIs among yearly all kinds of NSIs during two years before the pilot study was average 11.7% (22/188). Pre-interventional baseline incidence of all kinds of NSIs was 7.01 per 100 HCW-years. After the full implementation of SED lancet, the lancet-related NSIs became zero in the 2nd year (P = 0.001). The average direct cost of 18,393 US dollars (USD) per year from device and post-exposure medical care before the intervention rose to 20,701 USD in the 2nd year of the intervention. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was 210 USD per injury avoided. Conclusion The implementation of a SED lancet could eliminate the lancet-related NSIs to zero incidence. The cost increase incurred by the use of SED lancet was tolerable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Sun An
- Infection Control Office, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Suhui Ko
- Infection Control Office, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Hwan Bang
- Infection Control Office, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Boramae Medical Center and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Won Park
- Infection Control Office, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Boramae Medical Center and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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