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Fu WH, Hu ZL, Liao YJ, Chen RJ, Qiu JB, Que WT, Wang WT, Li WH, Lan WB. Relationship between preoperative psychological stress and short-term prognosis in elderly patients with femoral neck fracture. World J Psychiatry 2024; 14:838-847. [PMID: 38984342 PMCID: PMC11230083 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v14.i6.838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older adults are at high risk of femoral neck fractures (FNFs). Elderly patients face and adapt to significant psychological burdens, resulting in different degrees of psychological stress response. Total hip replacement is the preferred treatment for FNF in elderly patients; however, some patients have poor postoperative prognoses, and the underlying mechanism is unknown. We speculated that the postoperative prognosis of elderly patients with FNF may be related to preoperative psychological stress. AIM To explore the relationship between preoperative psychological stress and the short-term prognosis of elderly patients with FNF. METHODS In this retrospective analysis, the baseline data, preoperative 90-item Symptom Checklist score, and Harris score within 6 months of surgery of 120 elderly patients with FNF who underwent total hip arthroplasty were collected. We analyzed the indicators of poor short-term postoperative prognosis and the ability of the indicators to predict poor prognosis and compared the correlation between the indicators and the Harris score. RESULTS Anxiety, depression, garden classification of FNF, cause of fracture, FNF reduction quality, and length of hospital stay were independent influencing factors for poor short-term postoperative prognoses in elderly patients with FNF (P < 0.05). The areas under the curve for anxiety, depression, and length of hospital stay were 0.742, 0.854, and 0.749, respectively. The sensitivities of anxiety, depression, garden classification of FNF, and prediction of the cause of fracture were 0.857, 0.786, 0.821, and 0.821, respectively. The specificities of depression, FNF quality reduction, and length of hospital stay were the highest at 0.880, 0.783, and 0.761, respectively. Anxiety, depression, and somatization scores correlated moderately with Harris scores (r = -0.523, -0.625, and -0.554; all P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Preoperative anxiety, depression, and somatization are correlated with poor short-term prognosis in elderly patients with FNF and warrant consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hui Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan 361000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Zhi-Long Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan 361000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yuan-Jun Liao
- Department of Orthopedics, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan 361000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Ri-Jiang Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan 361000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Jian-Bin Qiu
- Department of Orthopedics, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan 361000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Wu-Tang Que
- Department of Orthopedics, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan 361000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Wan-Tao Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan 361000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Wei-Hua Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan 361000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Wei-Bin Lan
- Department of Orthopedics, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan 361000, Fujian Province, China
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Albright JA, Rebello E, Chang K, Testa EJ, Daniels AH, Katarincic JA. Delayed Scaphoid Fracture Union in Patients With Comorbid Psychiatric Diagnoses: A Retrospective Analysis of 20 340 Patients. Hand (N Y) 2024; 19:598-606. [PMID: 36564977 PMCID: PMC11141421 DOI: 10.1177/15589447221142894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychiatric comorbidities have been shown to influence outcomes of various orthopedic pathologies. This study aimed to compare rates of delayed scaphoid union and surgical intervention for fractures in patients with and without comorbid psychiatric diagnoses. METHODS A matched retrospective cohort study was performed using the PearlDiver database to determine the association of depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia with delayed union rates within 3 and 6 months and rates of nonacute surgical intervention (fixation or grafting) within 6 and 12 months of scaphoid fracture. Analyses were completed using multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS Among 20 340 patients, a comorbid psychiatric diagnosis was associated with increased rates of delayed scaphoid union at 3 months (odds ratio [OR] = 1.29; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.14-1.45) and 6 months (OR = 1.23; 95% CI, 1.10-1.38). At 3 months, women with any psychiatric disorder (OR = 1.58; 1.29-1.66), depression (OR = 1.68; 1.31-2.17), and schizophrenia (OR = 5.32; 95% CI, 1.06-26.79) were more likely to experience delayed union, with similar results at 6 months. Men with bipolar disorder experienced increased delayed union rates at 6 months (OR = 1.40; 1.03-1.91). A comorbid psychiatric diagnosis (OR = 1.10; 1.01-1.20) was associated with increased rates of surgical intervention, whereas schizophrenia was associated with decreased rates (OR = 0.58; 0.34-0.99). CONCLUSION Patients with comorbid psychiatric conditions experienced increased rates of delayed scaphoid union. These results underscore the importance of understanding factors that may place patients at risk of impaired recovery.
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Behera J, Ison J, Tyagi A, Mbalaviele G, Tyagi N. Mechanisms of autophagy and mitophagy in skeletal development, diseases and therapeutics. Life Sci 2022; 301:120595. [PMID: 35504330 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is a highly evolutionarily conserved process in the eukaryotic cellular system by which dysfunctional organelles are selectively degraded through a series of processes of lysosomal activity and then returned to the cytoplasm for reuse. All cells require this process to maintain cellular homeostasis and promote cell survival during stress responses such as deprivation and hypoxia. Osteoblasts and osteoclasts are two cellular phenotypes in the bone that mediate bone homeostasis. However, an imbalance between osteoblastic bone formation and osteoclastic bone resorption contributes to the onset of bone diseases. Recent studies suggest that autophagy, mitophagy, and selective mitochondrial autophagy may play an essential role in regulating osteoblast differentiation and osteoclast maturation. Autophagic activity dysregulation alters the equilibrium between osteoblastic bone creation and osteoclastic bone resorption, allowing bone disorders like osteoporosis to develop more easily. The current review emphasizes the role of autophagy and mitophagy and their related molecular mechanisms in bone metabolic disorders. In the current review, we emphasize the role of autophagy and mitophagy as well as their related molecular mechanism in bone metabolic disorders. Furthermore, we will discuss autophagy as a target for the treatment of metabolic bone disease and future application in therapeutic translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyotirmaya Behera
- Bone Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Jessica Ison
- Bone Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Ashish Tyagi
- Bone Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Gabriel Mbalaviele
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Neetu Tyagi
- Bone Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
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Özbay H, Atçı T, Adanır O, Alagöz E, Çay T. Effects of social stress and fluoxetine treatment on fracture healing in a rat femur fracture model. Injury 2022; 53:362-367. [PMID: 34857371 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2021.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental stress and depressive disorders have negative effect on bone biology and increase fracture risk. Fluoxetine is a widely used selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor in the treatment of these disorders. We aimed to evaluate the effects of social stress and fluoxetine treatment on fracture healing. METHODS This study was performed with 32 male Sprague-Dawley® rats. Rats were randomly divided into four groups with eight rats in each group. Social stress regimen was performed in groups 3 and 4 for 15 days. Placebo for groups 1 and 3 and fluoxetine for groups 2 and 4 was administrated. Rat femur open (osteotomy) fracture model was performed. Placebo and fluoxetine were continued to be given to the same groups for four weeks until sacrification of animals. Sacrificed right femurs of subjects were evaluated histologically and radiologically. The obtained data were statistically analyzed using the SPSS 23 (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) program. RESULTS Fracture healing score that evaluates the fracture healing quantitatively based on histological scale and bone mineral density of group 3 were significantly lower than other groups, and there was no significant difference between other groups. Inflammation score of group 2 was significantly lower than group 3. Group 1 had higher new callus formation/original cortex volume than group 2 and group 3. In immunohistochemical evaluation, the H-score of BMP-7/osteoblast in group 3 was lower than in group 1. The H-score of CD34 in group 3 was lower than in group 1. DISCUSSION The positive and negative effects of fluoxetine, which is used in the treatment of depressive disorders, on wound, tendon, or bone healing have been shown in the literature. In this study, we showed the negative effects of depression on the early stages of fracture healing. Although fluoxetine had no detrimental effect on fracture healing in non-depressive rats, impaired fracture healing was reversed and better radiological and histological findings were obtained in depressive rats treated with fluoxetine. Our findings indicate that fluoxetine, which minimizes the negative effects of social stress on bone healing, can be used safely in the treatment of depressive disorders in patients with fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakan Özbay
- Ağrı Training and Research Hospital, Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, Ağrı, Turkey; University of Health Science, Bağcılar Training and Research Hospital, Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Tolgahan Atçı
- University of Health Science, Bağcılar Training and Research Hospital, Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, Istanbul, Turkey; Sorgun State Hospital, Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Oktay Adanır
- University of Health Science, Bağcılar Training and Research Hospital, Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ender Alagöz
- University of Health Science, Bağcılar Training and Research Hospital, Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tuğçe Çay
- University of Health Science, Bağcılar Training and Research Hospital, Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, Istanbul, Turkey
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Hay D, Jamal MS, Al-Tawil K, Petohazi A, Gulli V, Bednarczuk NF, Baldwin-Smith R, Gibbons J, Sinha J. The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health associated trauma, admissions and fractures at a London major trauma centre. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2021; 103:114-119. [PMID: 33559558 PMCID: PMC9773921 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2020.7026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Non-injury-related factors have been extensively studied in major trauma and have been shown to have a significant impact on patient outcomes. Mental illness and associated medication use has been proven to have a negative effect on bone health and fracture healing. MATERIALS AND METHODS We collated data retrospectively from the records of orthopaedic inpatients in a non-COVID and COVID period. We analysed demographic data, referral and admission numbers, orthopaedic injuries, surgery performed and patient comorbidities, including psychiatric history. RESULTS There were 824 orthopaedic referrals and 358 admissions (six/day) in the non-COVID period, with 38/358 (10.6%) admissions having a psychiatric diagnosis and 30/358 (8.4%) also having a fracture. This was compared with 473 referrals and 195 admissions (three/day) in the COVID period, with 73/195 (37.4%) admissions having a documented psychiatric diagnosis and 47/195 (24.1%) having a fracture. DISCUSSION There was a reduction in the number of admissions and referrals during the pandemic, but a simultaneous three-fold rise in admissions with a psychiatric diagnosis. The proportion of patients with both a fracture and a psychiatric diagnosis more than doubled and the number of patients presenting due to a traumatic suicide attempt almost tripled. CONCLUSION While total numbers using the orthopaedic service decreased, the impact of the pandemic and lockdown disproportionately affects those with mental health problems, a group already at higher risk of poorer functional outcomes and non-union. It is imperative that adequate support is in place for patients with vulnerable mental health during these periods, particularly as we look towards a potential 'second wave' of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Hay
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, Kings College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - MS Jamal
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, Kings College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - K Al-Tawil
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, Kings College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - A Petohazi
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, Kings College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - V Gulli
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, Kings College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - NF Bednarczuk
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, Kings College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - R Baldwin-Smith
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, Kings College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - J Gibbons
- GKT School of Medical Education, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - J Sinha
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, Kings College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Crosstalk of Brain and Bone-Clinical Observations and Their Molecular Bases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144946. [PMID: 32668736 PMCID: PMC7404044 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
As brain and bone disorders represent major health issues worldwide, substantial clinical investigations demonstrated a bidirectional crosstalk on several levels, mechanistically linking both apparently unrelated organs. While multiple stress, mood and neurodegenerative brain disorders are associated with osteoporosis, rare genetic skeletal diseases display impaired brain development and function. Along with brain and bone pathologies, particularly trauma events highlight the strong interaction of both organs. This review summarizes clinical and experimental observations reported for the crosstalk of brain and bone, followed by a detailed overview of their molecular bases. While brain-derived molecules affecting bone include central regulators, transmitters of the sympathetic, parasympathetic and sensory nervous system, bone-derived mediators altering brain function are released from bone cells and the bone marrow. Although the main pathways of the brain-bone crosstalk remain ‘efferent’, signaling from brain to bone, this review emphasizes the emergence of bone as a crucial ‘afferent’ regulator of cerebral development, function and pathophysiology. Therefore, unraveling the physiological and pathological bases of brain-bone interactions revealed promising pharmacologic targets and novel treatment strategies promoting concurrent brain and bone recovery.
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Gao H, Huang C, Zhao K, Chen X, Zhang X, Deng Y, Liu Z, Duan DD. Research Progress on the Molecular Mechanism by Which Depression Affects Bone Metabolism. DNA Cell Biol 2020; 39:738-746. [PMID: 32077753 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2019.5284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Haiming Gao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Chenyi Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Kaili Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xueyan Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yaoge Deng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Zongchao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - D D Duan
- Center for Phenomics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Phenomics, Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada Reno School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, USA
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Leiblein M, Verboket R, Marzi I, Wagner N, Nau C. Nonunions of the humerus - Treatment concepts and results of the last five years. Chin J Traumatol 2019; 22:187-195. [PMID: 31109830 PMCID: PMC6667773 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjtee.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Fractures of the humerus account for 5%-8% of all fractures. Nonunion is found with an incidence of up to 15%, depending on the location of the fracture. In case of a manifest nonunion the surgeon faces a challenging problem and has to conceive a therapy based on the underlying pathology. The aim of this study was to describe our treatment concepts for this entity and present our results of the last five years. METHODS Twenty-six patients were treated for nonunion of the humerus between January 2013 and December 2017. Their charts were reviewed retrospectively and demographic data, pathology, surgical treatment and outcome were assessed. RESULTS The most frequent location for a nonunion was the humeral shaft, with the most common trauma mechanism being multiple falls. Most often atrophic nonunion (n = 14), followed by hypertrophic and infection-caused nonunion (each n = 4), were found. Our treatment concept could be applied in 19 patients, of which in 90% of those who were available for follow-up consolidation could be achieved. CONCLUSION Humeral nonunion is a heterogeneous entity that has to be analyzed precisely and be treated correspondingly. We therefore present a treatment concept based on the underlying pathology.
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