Mediating Effect of Self-Efficacy on the Relationship Between Perceived Social Support and Resilience in Patients with Recurrent Schizophrenia in China

Current status and factors influencing the work readiness of middle-aged and young postoperative lung cancer patients

To identify the current status of return-to-work readiness and analyze its influencing factors among middle-aged and young postoperative lung cancer patients. From July 2022 to February 2023, a total of 144 middle-aged and young postoperative lung cancer patients who had been treated in the Department of Thoracic Surgery of West China Hospital, Sichuan University and had not returned to work were selected as the research subjects. A general information questionnaire, the Readiness for Return-To-Work (RRTW) Scale, the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), and the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ) were used for the survey. Univariate analysis and ordinal logistic regression analysis were used to assess the current status of work readiness and its influencing factors. The distribution of work readiness from high to low was as follows: behavioral preparation-self-assessment stage, intention stage, preintention stage, and behavioral preparation-action stage. Univariate analysis showed that age, place of residence, occupation, nature of work, average family income, scope of surgery, postoperative complications, surgical site, and primary coping strategies were statistically significant (P < .05). The ordinal logistic regression analysis revealed that patients engaged in mentally oriented work (odds ratio [OR] = 13.78, P < .001), with a monthly family income of ≥ 10,000¥ (OR = 6.28, P = .017), proactive coping strategies (OR = 4.84, P = .019), and higher self-efficacy (OR = 1.17, P < .001) had higher work readiness. Patients engaged in other industries (OR = 0.25, P = .028), agricultural, forestry, and fishing labor (OR = 0.08, P < .001), unemployed (OR = 0.12, P = .038), and with a monthly family income of < 1000¥ (OR = 0.07, P = .026) had lower work readiness. In overall, this study suggests that the work readiness of postoperative lung cancer patients needs improvement. Occupation, nature of work, average family income, primary coping strategies, and general self-efficacy are associated with return-to-work readiness among middle-aged and young postoperative lung cancer patients.

Spirituality and Recovery From Severe Mental Disorders: A Systematic Review

PURPOSE

The current study investigated the impact of spirituality and mental disorder recovery practices among individuals with severe mental disorders.

METHOD

A comprehensive search across six databases-Scopus, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, SpringerLink, PubMed, and CINAHL-was performed to identify relevant articles. A total of 651 articles were screened, and 16 met inclusion criteria.

RESULTS

Findings revealed that spirituality significantly contributed to the improvement of individuals with severe mental disorders by fostering the development of self-confidence, self-control, strength, and hope, thereby enhancing overall quality of life. In addition, spirituality appeared to correlate with increased self-efficacy.

CONCLUSION

Within the mental health recovery framework, spirituality has emerged as a crucial element in facilitating significant life improvements through the exploration of essential motivational strategies. Psychiatric-mental health nurses could play a pivotal role in helping individuals with severe mental disorders by addressing their spiritual needs, thereby promoting holistic recovery and care. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 62(8), 11-17.].

Factors related to suicidal ideation of schizophrenia patients in China: a study based on decision tree and logistic regression model

This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with suicidal ideation in schizophrenia patients in China using decision tree and logistic regression models. From October 2020 to March 2022, patients with schizophrenia were chosen from Chifeng Anding Hospital and Daqing Third Hospital in Heilongjiang Province. A total of 300 patients with schizophrenia who met the inclusion criteria were investigated by questionnaire. The questionnaire covered general data, suicidal ideation, childhood trauma, social support, depressive symptoms and psychological resilience. Logistic regression analysis revealed that childhood trauma and depressive symptoms were risk factors for suicidal ideation in schizophrenia (OR = 2.330, 95%CI: 1.177 ~ 4.614; OR = 10.619, 95%CI: 5.199 ~ 21.688), while psychological resilience was a protective factor for suicidal ideation in schizophrenia (OR = 0.173, 95%CI: 0.073 ~ 0.409). The results of the decision tree model analysis demonstrated that depressive symptoms, psychological resilience and childhood trauma were influential factors for suicidal ideation in patients with schizophrenia (p < 0.05). The area under the ROC for the logistic regression model and the decision tree model were 0.868 (95% CI: 0.821 ~ 0.916) and 0.863 (95% CI: 0.814 ~ 0.912) respectively, indicating excellent accuracy of the models. Meanwhile, the logistic regression model had a sensitivity of 0.834 and a specificity of 0.743 when the Youden index was at its maximum. The decision tree model had a sensitivity of 0.768 and a specificity of 0.8. Decision trees in combination with logistic regression models are of high value in the study of factors influencing suicidal ideation in schizophrenia patients.

Perceived stigma in burn survivors: Associations with resourcefulness and alexithymia

OBJECTIVE

Burn survivors often have severe scarring and distorted body image, and they are commonly given new perceptions and even receive a variety of negative labels from individuals, families and society. This study aimed to explore the association between stigma, resourcefulness and alexithymia, and identifies whether resourcefulness in burn survivors is mediating the relationship between resourcefulness and alexithymia.

METHOD

This correlational study was conducted from December 2021 to July 2022 in a comprehensive tertiary Grade A hospital in Ningxia, China. A convenience sample of 159 burn survivors was recruited. Data were collected using demographics, Social Impact Scale(SIC),Toronto Alexithymia Scale, and Resourcefulness Scale (RS). Descriptive analysis, Hierarchical Regression analysis, Pearson Correlation analysis, and Mediation analysis were used for data analysis.

RESULTS

Finally, a data set of 148 responses was determined for analysis. The effective rate was 95.9%. We found significant correlation between stigma, resourcefulness and alexithymia. Sociodemographic characteristics (gender, spouse states), clinical characteristics (body surface burned area, scar areas), resourcefulness and alexithymia of burn survivors were significant predictors of stigma among burn survivors. The mediating effect of resourcefulness between stigma and alexithymia in burns survivors accounted for 36.03% of the total effect.

CONCLUSION

Resourcefulness partially mediates the relationship between stigma and alexithymia. These findings suggest medical staff should strengthen the management of the mental health of burn survivors and eliminate the negative cognition and tendency of burn survivors by regularly promoting stigma counseling measures based on cognitive behavioral therapy. Based on the resourcefulness theory, psychological counseling and intervention are carried out in various ways to fully mobilize their internal factors for positive emotional regulation and enhance the ability of individuals to cope with adversity. In addition, an attempt was made to establish an "anti-stigma coalition" or "peer support group" for burn survivors to provide networked information support and emotional support to facilitate further the smooth return of patients to their families and society.

Risk and protective factors for resilience among adolescents and young adults with beta-thalassemia major

BACKGROUND

Resilience is the ability to overcome adversity in response to a potentially traumatic event. It can relieve people's discomfort and build personal capacity when facing a stressful situation such as beta thalassemia major. Resilience is a complex and multidimensional concept and is influenced by protective and risk factors. Therefore, the aims of the present study were to (1) investigate the relationship between protective (social support and hope) and risk (uncertainty and defensive coping) factors with resilience and (2) examine the mediating role of courageous coping between these protective and risk factors in resilience.

METHODS

This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 312 adolescents and young adults with beta-thalassemia major aged 12-24 years; they were selected using purposeful sampling from two different outpatient thalassemia clinics in the south of Iran. Data were collected in a face-to-face survey using Zimmet Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Herth Hope, Stewart Uncertainty in Illness scale, Jalowiec Coping, and Connor-Davidson resilience Scale from April 2022 to November 2022. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive tests, Pearson correlation, and a structural equation model.

RESULTS

According to the main findings of mediation analysis, courageous coping partially mediated the relationship between social support and resilience [(β = 0.042; 95% BC CI (0.003, 0.131)] and fully mediated the relationship between hope and resilience [(β = 0.166; 95% BC CI (0.031, 0.348)]. In other cases, uncertainty and defensive coping had a direct and indirect effect on resilience, respectively.

CONCLUSION

Based on these results, health professionals and healthcare policymakers should consider this mediator in developing programs to improve resilience. Also, the use of courageous coping could modulate the effect of defensive coping on resilience. Therefore, teaching the use of courageous coping can play an important role in improving resilience.

The influence of deliberate rumination on the post-traumatic growth of college students during the COVID-19 pandemic and the moderating role of self-efficacy

Objective

To understand the relationship between deliberate rumination and post-traumatic growth and the mechanisms affecting this relationship, we constructed an adjustment model to test the impact of deliberate rumination on the post-traumatic growth of college students and the moderating role of self-efficacy during the 2019 COVID-19 pandemic.

Study design and setting

A total of 881 college students from a university of science and technology in Guangdong Province, China, completed a questionnaire that measured deliberate rumination, post-traumatic growth, and self-efficacy. SPSS (version 26) and the PROCESS plug-in (version 4.0) were used for correlation and moderation analyses.

Results

The correlation analysis showed that deliberate rumination was positively correlated with post-traumatic growth (r = 0.353, P < 0.01) and self-efficacy (r = 0.261, P < 0.01). Self-efficacy was also positively correlated with post-traumatic growth (r = 0.466, P < 0.01). In addition, we found that self-efficacy had a regulatory effect on the relationship between deliberate rumination and post-traumatic growth (R ² = 0.287, P < 0.001) and that this effect was significant.

Conclusion

The results show that deliberate rumination can be a positive predictor of post-traumatic growth and can play a certain role in fostering such growth. In addition, self-efficacy is a moderator that plays a buffer role between deliberate rumination and post-traumatic growth. These results contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms that affect post-traumatic growth.

Associations of body image with depressive symptoms and PTG among breast cancer patients: The mediating role of social support

Background

Cancer diagnosis and treatment usually trigger positive and negative psychological health outcomes. Social support is a coping resource for psychological health outcomes. However, little research is available on the relationships between social support, body image, and overall psychological health outcomes in breast cancer (BC) patients. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of depressive symptoms and post-traumatic growth (PTG) and examine the mediating roles of social support between body image and depressive symptoms and PTG among BC patients, respectively.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Northeast China from December 2015 to August 2017. All the participants were diagnosed with BC and underwent surgery. This study was conducted with 405 BC patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University. Participants completed the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale, Post Traumatic Growth Inventory, Body Image Scale, and Perceived Social Support Scale. The associations of social support, body image with depressive symptoms, and PTG were examined by hierarchical linear regression analysis. Asymptotic and resampling strategies were used to explore the mediating role of social support.

Results

The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 88.1%, and 67.2% of the patients had moderate-high PTG, 52.84% of the patients had body concerns, and 264 (65.19%) patients had high-level social support. Body image was positively associated with depressive symptoms (β = 0.445, P < 0.001) and social support was negatively associated with depressive symptoms (β = −0.219, P < 0.001). Body image was negatively associated with PTG (β = −0.095, P = 0.023), whereas social support was positively associated with PTG (β = 0.533, P < 0.001). Social support significantly mediated the associations among body image, depressive symptoms (effect size = 0.057), and PTG (effect size = −0.304), respectively.

Conclusions

Social support played mediating role in the relationships between body image and depressive symptoms and PTG. The interventions based on social support and body image should be included in psychological health prevention.