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Huang CC, Tsai MC, Wu YL, Lee YJ, Yen AT, Wang CJ, Kao SH. Gallic acid attenuates metastatic potential of human colorectal cancer cells through the miR-1247-3p-modulated integrin/FAK axis. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:2077-2085. [PMID: 38100242 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) exhibits highly metastatic potential even in the early stages of tumor progression. Gallic acid (GA), a common phenolic compound in plants, is known to possess potent antioxidant and anticancer activities, thereby inducing cell death or cell cycle arrest. However, whether GA reduces the invasiveness of CRC cells without inducing cell death remains unclear. Herein, we aimed to investigate the antimetastatic activity of low-dose GA on CRC cells and determine its underlying mechanism. Cell viability and tumorigenicity were analyzed by MTS, cell adhesion, and colony formation assay. Invasiveness was demonstrated using migration and invasion assays. Changes in protein phosphorylation and expression were assessed by Western blot. The involvement of microRNAs was validated by microarray analysis and anti-miR antagonist. Our findings showed that lower dose of GA (≤100 μM) did not affect cell viability but reduced the capabilities of colony formation, cell adhesion, and invasiveness in CRC cells. Cellularly, GA downregulated the cellular level of integrin αV/β3, talin-1, and tensin and diminished the phosphorylated FAK, paxillin, Src, and AKT in DLD-1 cells. Microarray results revealed that GA increased miR-1247-3p expression, and pretreatment of anti-miR antagonist against miR-1247-3p restored the GA-reduced integrin αV/β3 and the GA-inhibited paxillin activation in DLD-1 cells. Consistently, the in vivo xenograft model showed that GA administration inhibited tumor growth and liver metastasis derived from DLD-1 cells. Collectively, our findings indicated that GA inhibited the metastatic capabilities of CRC cells, which may result from the suppression of integrin/FAK axis mediated by miR1247-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Chou Huang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chang Tsai
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Liang Wu
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Surgical Department, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ju Lee
- Department of Pathology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - An-Ting Yen
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chau-Jong Wang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Health Industry Technology Management, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Hsuan Kao
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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2
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Ghasemian M, Zehtabi M, Dari MAG, Pour FK, Tabesh GA, Moramezi F, Jafari RM, Barati M, Uddin S, Farzaneh M. The emerging roles of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) H19 in gynecologic cancers. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:4. [PMID: 38166752 PMCID: PMC10763168 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11743-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) H19 has gained significant recognition as a pivotal contributor to the initiation and advancement of gynecologic cancers, encompassing ovarian, endometrial, cervical, and breast cancers. H19 exhibits a complex array of mechanisms, demonstrating dualistic effects on tumorigenesis as it can function as both an oncogene and a tumor suppressor, contingent upon the specific context and type of cancer being investigated. In ovarian cancer, H19 promotes tumor growth, metastasis, and chemoresistance through modulation of key signaling pathways and interaction with microRNAs. Conversely, in endometrial cancer, H19 acts as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting proliferation, inducing apoptosis, and regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Additionally, H19 has been implicated in cervical and breast cancers, where it influences cell proliferation, invasion, and immune evasion. Moreover, H19 has potential as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for gynecologic cancers, with its expression levels correlating with clinical parameters and patient outcomes. Understanding the functional roles of H19 in gynecologic cancers is crucial for the development of targeted therapeutic strategies and personalized treatment approaches. Further investigation into the intricate molecular mechanisms underlying H19's involvement in gynecologic malignancies is warranted to fully unravel its therapeutic potential and clinical implications. This review aims to elucidate the functional roles of H19 in various gynecologic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Ghasemian
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Zehtabi
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahrokh Abouali Gale Dari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Khojasteh Pour
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ghasem Azizi Tabesh
- Genomic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farideh Moramezi
- Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Razieh Mohammad Jafari
- Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mojgan Barati
- Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Institute and Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 22602, India
| | - Maryam Farzaneh
- Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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Adu-Gyamfi EA, Cheeran EA, Salamah J, Lee BK. Long noncoding RNA H19 in ovarian biology and placenta development. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e3907. [PMID: 38269505 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
As the first long noncoding RNA to be discovered, H19 has gained substantial attention as a key regulator of several biological processes and its roles in female reproductive biology are gradually getting revealed. Herein, we have summarized the current evidence regarding H19 expression pattern and involvement in the developmental and pathological processes associated with the ovary and the placenta. The findings indicate that within the ovaries, H19 is expressed in the antral and cystic atretic follicles as well as in the corpora lutea but absent in the primordial, primary, and secondary follicles. Its normal expression promotes the maturation of antral follicles and prevents their premature selection for the ovulatory journey while its aberrant induction promotes polycystic ovary syndrome development and ovarian cancer metastasis. In the placenta, H19 is highly expressed in the cytotrophoblasts and extravillous trophoblasts but weakly expressed in the syncytiotrophoblast layer and potentially controls trophoblast cell fate decisions during placenta development. Abnormal expression of H19 is observed in the placental villi of pregnancies affected by pre-eclampsia and fetal growth restriction. Therefore, dysregulated H19 is a candidate biomarker and therapeutic target for the mitigation of ovarian and placenta-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enoch Appiah Adu-Gyamfi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University at Albany-State University of New York, Rensselaer, New York, USA
- Cancer Research Center, University at Albany-State University of New York, Rensselaer, New York, USA
| | - Elisha Ann Cheeran
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University at Albany-State University of New York, Rensselaer, New York, USA
- Cancer Research Center, University at Albany-State University of New York, Rensselaer, New York, USA
| | - Joudi Salamah
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University at Albany-State University of New York, Rensselaer, New York, USA
- Cancer Research Center, University at Albany-State University of New York, Rensselaer, New York, USA
| | - Bum-Kyu Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University at Albany-State University of New York, Rensselaer, New York, USA
- Cancer Research Center, University at Albany-State University of New York, Rensselaer, New York, USA
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4
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Safavi P, Moghadam KB, Haghighi Z, Ferns GA, Rahmani F. Interplay between LncRNA/miRNA and TGF-β Signaling in the Tumorigenesis of Gynecological Cancer. Curr Pharm Des 2024; 30:352-361. [PMID: 38303530 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128284380240123071409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Gynecologic cancers are among the most common malignancies with aggressive features and poor prognosis. Tumorigenesis in gynecologic cancers is a complicated process that is influenced by multiple factors, including genetic mutations that activate various oncogenic signaling pathways, including the TGF-β pathway. Aberrant activation of TGF-β signaling is correlated with tumor recurrence and metastasis. It has been shown that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have crucial effects on cancer cell proliferation, migration, and metastasis. Upregulation of various ncRNAs, including long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) and microRNAs (miRNAs), has been reported in several tumors, like cervical, ovarian, and endometrial cancers, but their cellular mechanisms remain to be investigated. Thus, recognizing the role of ncRNAs in regulating the TGF-β pathway may provide novel strategies for better treatment of cancer patients. The present study summarizes recent findings on the role of ncRNAs in regulating the TGF-β signaling involved in tumor progression and metastasis in gynecologic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pegah Safavi
- Department of Medical Radiation, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kimia Behrouz Moghadam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Zahra Haghighi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Kashmar School of Medical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Division of Medical Education, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex BN1 9PH, UK
| | - Farzad Rahmani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Kashmar School of Medical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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5
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Ebrahimi N, Hakimzadeh A, Bozorgmand F, Speed S, Manavi MS, Khorram R, Farahani K, Rezaei-Tazangi F, Mansouri A, Hamblin MR, Aref AR. Role of non-coding RNAs as new therapeutic targets in regulating the EMT and apoptosis in metastatic gastric and colorectal cancers. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:2302-2323. [PMID: 38009668 PMCID: PMC10730205 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2023.2286804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) and gastric cancer (GC), are the two most common cancers of the gastrointestinal tract, and are serious health concerns worldwide. The discovery of more effective biomarkers for early diagnosis, and improved patient prognosis is important. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), can regulate cellular processes such as apoptosis and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) leading to progression and resistance of GC and CRC tumors. Moreover these pathways (apoptosis and EMT) may serve as therapeutic targets, to prevent metastasis, and to overcome drug resistance. A subgroup of ncRNAs is common to both GC and CRC tumors, suggesting that they might be used as biomarkers or therapeutic targets. In this review, we highlight some ncRNAs that can regulate EMT and apoptosis as two opposite mechanisms in cancer progression and metastasis in GC and CRC. A better understanding of the biological role of ncRNAs could open up new avenues for the development of personalized treatment plans for GC and CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Ebrahimi
- Genetics Division, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali Hakimzadeh
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Tuscany, Italy
| | - Farima Bozorgmand
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepehr Speed
- Medical Campus, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | | | - Roya Khorram
- Bone and Joint Diseases Research Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Kobra Farahani
- Department of Biology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rezaei-Tazangi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Atena Mansouri
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Xsphera Biosciences, Translational Medicine group, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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6
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Ding B, Ye Z, Yin H, Hong XY, Feng SW, Xu JY, Shen Y. Exosomes derived from ovarian cancer cells regulate proliferation and migration of cancer-associated fibroblasts. Genomics 2023; 115:110703. [PMID: 37678440 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2023.110703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) is an essential risk factor for ovarian cancer. Exosomes can mediate cellular communication in the tumour microenvironment, but the interaction of tumour cell exosomes with CAF is less studied in Ovarian cancer. This study identified H19/miR-29c-3p/LOXL2-COL1A1 as a ceRNA regulatory network involved in regulating tumour matrix-associated signaling pathways associated with CAF. Cellular assays demonstrated that exosomes from ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3 significantly promoted the proliferation and migration of CAF. The results of mixed transplantation tumour experiments in nude mice showed that exosomes of SKOV3 significantly promoted tumour growth. Ovarian cancer tumour-derived exosomes can regulate CAF proliferation and migration through H19/miR-29c-3p/LOXL2-COL1A1. This study reveals the regulatory role of tumour exosomes on CAF, which may provide a theoretical basis for the development of therapeutic regimens targeting fibroblasts in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zheng Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Han Yin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin-Yi Hong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Song-Wei Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing-Yun Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
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7
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Lampropoulou DI, Papadimitriou M, Papadimitriou C, Filippou D, Kourlaba G, Aravantinos G, Gazouli M. The Role of EMT-Related lncRNAs in Ovarian Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10079. [PMID: 37373222 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the deadliest cancers worldwide; late diagnosis and drug resistance are two major factors often responsible for high morbidity and treatment failure. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a dynamic process that has been closely linked with cancer. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been also associated with several cancer-related mechanisms, including EMT. We conducted a literature search in the PubMed database in order to sum up and discuss the role of lncRNAs in regulating OC-related EMT and their underlying mechanisms. Seventy (70) original research articles were identified, as of 23 April 2023. Our review concluded that the dysregulation of lncRNAs is highly associated with EMT-mediated OC progression. A comprehensive understanding of lncRNAs' mechanisms in OC will help in identifying novel and sensitive biomarkers and therapeutic targets for this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marios Papadimitriou
- Myeloma Division, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Second Department of Surgery, Aretaieion Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Papadimitriou
- Second Department of Surgery, Aretaieion Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Filippou
- Department of Anatomy and Surgical Anatomy, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- National Organization for Medicines (EOF), 15562 Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia Kourlaba
- Department of Nursing, University of Peloponnese, 22100 Tripoli, Greece
| | | | - Maria Gazouli
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Biology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
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8
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MicroRNA-370 as a negative regulator of signaling pathways in tumor cells. Process Biochem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2023.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
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9
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Lv N, Shen S, Chen Q, Tong J. Long noncoding RNAs: glycolysis regulators in gynaecologic cancers. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:4. [PMID: 36639695 PMCID: PMC9838043 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-02849-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The three most common gynaecologic cancers that seriously threaten female lives and health are ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, and endometrial cancer. Glycolysis plays a vital role in gynaecologic cancers. Several long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are known to function as oncogenic molecules. LncRNAs impact downstream target genes by acting as ceRNAs, guides, scaffolds, decoys, or signalling molecules. However, the role of glycolysis-related lncRNAs in regulating gynaecologic cancers remains poorly understood. In this review, we emphasize the functional roles of many lncRNAs that have been found to promote glycolysis in gynaecologic cancers and discuss reasonable strategies for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nengyuan Lv
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924Department of the Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053 Zhejiang Province People’s Republic of China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006 Zhejiang Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Siyi Shen
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924Department of the Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053 Zhejiang Province People’s Republic of China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006 Zhejiang Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Qianying Chen
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924Department of the Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053 Zhejiang Province People’s Republic of China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006 Zhejiang Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinyi Tong
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924Department of the Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053 Zhejiang Province People’s Republic of China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006 Zhejiang Province People’s Republic of China
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Jin X, Feng J, Cheng X. LncRNA IGF2-AS promotes endometriosis progression through targeting miR-370-3p/IGF2 axis and activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. J Assist Reprod Genet 2022; 39:2699-2710. [PMID: 36508036 PMCID: PMC9790843 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-022-02638-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Endometriosis, a gynecological disease, is difficult to be cured. Currently, to identify more potential biomarkers for the early diagnosis of endometriosis is urgently needed. Insulin like growth factor 2 (IGF2) has been revealed to correlate with endometriosis. This research aimed to further explore the role of IGF2 and its up-stream mechanism in endometriosis. METHODS Primary ectopic endometrial stromal cells (EESCs) were extracted from ectopic endometrial tissues which were pathological endometrial tissues resected from three patients with II-III endometriosis. Primary normal endometrial stromal cells (NESCs) were extracted from normal endometrial tissues of two patients with grade III cervical dysplasia and one patient with uterine leiomyoma III. Four endometriotic cell lines (EEC145T, hEM15A, hEM5B2, and 12Z) and normal human endometrial epithelial cells (hEECs) were purchased. Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were evaluated through functional assays. The molecular interaction between RNAs was investigated through mechanistic analyses. RESULTS We discovered that IGF2 was upregulated in purchased endometriotic cells and primary EESC. Suppression of IGF2 hampered cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Furthermore, insulin-like growth factor 2 antisense RNA (IGF2-AS) was uncovered to positively regulate IGF2 expression and enhanced proliferative, migratory, and invasive abilities of endometriotic cells. Mechanistically, miR-370-3p was found to bind with IGF2-AS and IGF2. IGF2-AS competitively bind with miR-370-3p to upregulate IGF2. Furthermore, IGF2-AS was revealed to activate the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway through targeting miR-370-3p/IGF2 axis. CONCLUSION IGF2-AS promotes endometriotic cell growth via regulating IGF2/miR-370-3p axis and further activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Jin
- VIP Ward, the First People's Hospital of Wenling, No.333, South Chuan'an Road, Chengxi Street, Wenling, 317500, China
| | - Jingjing Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Jiangbei People's Hospital, Nanjing, 210044, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xiao Cheng
- VIP Ward, the First People's Hospital of Wenling, No.333, South Chuan'an Road, Chengxi Street, Wenling, 317500, China.
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Hashemi M, Hajimazdarany S, Mohan CD, Mohammadi M, Rezaei S, Olyaee Y, Goldoost Y, Ghorbani A, Mirmazloomi SR, Gholinia N, Kakavand A, Salimimoghadam S, Ertas YN, Rangappa KS, Taheriazam A, Entezari M. Long non-coding RNA/epithelial-mesenchymal transition axis in human cancers: Tumorigenesis, chemoresistance, and radioresistance. Pharmacol Res 2022; 186:106535. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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12
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Ma H, Qu S, Zhai Y, Yang X. circ_0025033 promotes ovarian cancer development via regulating the hsa_miR-370-3p/SLC1A5 axis. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2022; 27:94. [PMID: 36273140 PMCID: PMC9588225 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-022-00364-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNAs (circRNAs) appear to be important modulators in ovarian cancer. We aimed to explore the role and mechanism of circ_0025033 in ovarian cancer. METHODS qRT-PCR was conducted to determine circ_0025033, hsa_miR-370-3p, and SLC1A5 mRNA expression. Functional experiments were conducted, including Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU), flow cytometry, transwell, tube formation, xenograft tumor model assay, western blot analysis of protein levels, and analysis of glutamine metabolism using commercial kits. Their predicted interaction was confirmed using dual-luciferase reporter and RNA pull-down. RESULTS circ_0025033 was upregulated in ovarian cancer; its knockdown induced proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, glutamine metabolism, and apoptosis in vitro, and blocked tumor growth in vivo. circ_0025033 regulated ovarian cancer cellular behaviors via sponging hsa_miR-370-3p. In parallel, SLC1A5 might abolish the anti-ovarian cancer role of hsa_miR-370-3p. Furthermore, circ_0025033 affected SLC1A5 via regulating hsa_miR-370-3p. CONCLUSION circ_0025033 might promote ovarian cancer progression via hsa_miR-370-3p/SLC1A5, providing an interesting insight into ovarian cancer tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiping Ma
- Department of Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuyun Qu
- Department of Gynecology, Gynaecology Hospital of Shaanxi Nuclear Industry, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yao Zhai
- Department of Gynecology, Gynaecology Hospital of Shaanxi Nuclear Industry, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- Department of Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710000, Shaanxi, China.
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Zheng X, Zhong T, Yu F, Duan J, Tang Y, Liu Y, Li M, Sun D, Yin D. Deficiency of a novel lncRNA-HRAT protects against myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury by targeting miR-370-3p/RNF41 pathway. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:951463. [PMID: 36172578 PMCID: PMC9510651 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.951463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) contribute to myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, the underlying mechanisms by which lncRNAs modulate myocardial I/R injury have not been thoroughly examined and require further investigation. A novel lncRNA named lncRNA-hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-associated transcript (lncRNA-HRAT) was identified by RNA sequencing analysis. The expression of lncRNA-HRAT exhibited a significant increase in the I/R mice hearts and cardiomyocytes treated with H/R. LncRNA-HRAT overexpression facilitates H/R-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Furthermore, cardiomyocyte-specific deficiency of lncRNA-HRAT in vivo after I/R decreased creatine kinase (CK) release in the serum, reduced myocardial infarct area, and improved cardiac dysfunction. Molecular mechanistic investigations revealed that lncRNA-HRAT serves as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) of miR-370-3p, thus upregulating the expression of ring finger protein 41 (RNF41), thereby aggravating apoptosis in cardiomyocytes induced by H/R. This study revealed that the lncRNA-HRAT/miR-370-3p/RNF41 pathway regulates cardiomyocyte apoptosis and myocardial injury. These findings suggest that targeted inhibition of lncRNA-HRAT may offer a novel therapeutic method to prevent myocardial I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinbin Zheng
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Research Center, Hainan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Haikou, China
| | - Ting Zhong
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fan Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingsi Duan
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yao Tang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yaxiu Liu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mingrui Li
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Deqiang Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Deling Yin
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Deling Yin,
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14
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Hashemi M, Moosavi MS, Abed HM, Dehghani M, Aalipour M, Heydari EA, Behroozaghdam M, Entezari M, Salimimoghadam S, Gunduz ES, Taheriazam A, Mirzaei S, Samarghandian S. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) H19 in human cancer: From proliferation and metastasis to therapy. Pharmacol Res 2022; 184:106418. [PMID: 36038043 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Initiation and development of cancer depend on multiple factors that mutations in genes and epigenetic level can be considered as important drivers. Epigenetic factors include a large family of members and understanding their function in cancer has been a hot topic. LncRNAs are RNA molecules with no capacity in synthesis of proteins, and they have regulatory functions in cells. LncRNAs are localized in nucleus and cytoplasm, and their abnormal expression is related to development of tumor. This manuscript emphasizes on the role of lncRNA H19 in various cancers and its association with tumor hallmarks. The function of lncRNA H19 in most tumors is oncogenic and therefore, tumor cells increase its expression for promoting their progression. LncRNA H19 contributes to enhancing growth and cell cycle of cancers and by EMT induction, it is able to elevate metastasis rate. Silencing H19 induces apoptotic cell death and disrupts progression of tumors. LncRNA H19 triggers chemo- and radio-resistance in cancer cells. miRNAs are dually upregulated/down-regulated by lncRNA H19 in increasing tumor progression. Anti-cancer agents reduce lncRNA H19 in impairing tumor progression and increasing therapy sensitivity. A number of downstream targets and molecular pathways for lncRNA H19 have been detected in cancers including miRNAs, RUNX1, STAT3, β-catenin, Akt2 and FOXM1. Clinical studies have revealed potential of lncRNA H19 as biomarker and its association with poor prognosis. LncRNA H19 can be transferred to cancer cells via exosomes in enhancing their progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Sadat Moosavi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hedyeh Maghareh Abed
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Dehghani
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Aalipour
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elaheh Ali Heydari
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Behroozaghdam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shokooh Salimimoghadam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Emine Selda Gunduz
- Vocational School of Health Services, Department of First and Emergency Aid, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Healthy Ageing Research Centre, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.
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15
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Li Y, Lin D, Chen M, Huang P, Liu Y, Lin X. Glycyrrhizic Acid’s Effect on the Proliferation and Apoptosis of Thyroid Cancer Cell SW579 via LncRNA RP11-385J1.2-Targeted miR-370-3p. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2022.2836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study assesses glycyrrhizic acid’s effect on thyroid cancer cell SW579. Thyroid cancer cell lines were selected to detect RP11-385J1.2 and miR-370-3p level by QRT-PCR. Cells were treated with glycyrrhizic acid followed by measuring cell apoptosis by flow cytometry and cell
proliferation by MTT assay and protein expression by western blot. Under glycyrrhizic acid (40 μM) treatment, the proliferation of SW579 cells was weakened and apoptosis increased significantly (P < 0.05) along with reduced RP11-385J1.2 and increased miR-370-3p expression
compared to untreated (P < 0.05). miR-370-3p has a targeting relationship with RP11-385J1.2. RP11-385J1.2 overexpression significantly reduced miR-370-3p, which can reverse glycyrrhizic acid’s effect on inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis. RP11-385J1.2 overexpression
reversed the effect of glycyrrhizin on cell proliferation and apoptosis, and inhibition of miR-370-3p reversed si-RP11-385J1.2’s effect on inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis (P <0.05). In conclusion, glycyrrhizic acid targets miR-370-3p through lncRNA RP11-385J1.2
to inhibit thyroid cancer cell proliferation. It participates in the development of tumor cells, and lncRNA RP11-385J1.2 and miR-370-3p is negatively correlated, providing new experimental data and evidence for treating thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Li
- Department of General Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Wenling City, Zhejiang Province, Wenling, Zhejiang, 317500, China
| | - Dan Lin
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yueyang, Hunan, 414000, China
| | - Meng Chen
- Department of General Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Wenling City, Zhejiang Province, Wenling, Zhejiang, 317500, China
| | - Peifeng Huang
- Department of General Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Wenling City, Zhejiang Province, Wenling, Zhejiang, 317500, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of General Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Wenling City, Zhejiang Province, Wenling, Zhejiang, 317500, China
| | - Xiaoyang Lin
- Department of General Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Wenling City, Zhejiang Province, Wenling, Zhejiang, 317500, China
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16
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Silibinin exerts anti-cancer activity on human ovarian cancer cells by increasing apoptosis and inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Gene 2022; 823:146275. [PMID: 35189245 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Silibinin, the principal flavonoid derived from milk thistle seeds, has been demonstrated to have strong inhibitory effects against human malignancies. The inhibitory function of silibinin on ovarian cancer, however, is not fully identified. In this essay, both in vivo and in vitro investigations were conducted to survey the silibinin's blocking effects on ovarian cancer. METHODS The impacts of silibinin on two ovarian cancer cell lines, SKOV-3 and A2870, were determined by evaluating cell viability, migration, invasion, and apoptosis. Q-RT-PCR and western blotting techniques were carried out to explore the protein levels of signaling pathway markers. A mouse xenograft model was utilized to determine the silibinin efficacy in inhibiting tumor growth. RESULTS After cell treatment with silibinin, cell viability, migration, and invasion were appreciably inhibited in cancer cell lines, but cell apoptosis was promoted. Also, silibinin reversed the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) mechanism by inducing E-cadherin expression and reducing N-cadherin and vimentin expression, suppressing the levels of regulators related to EMT such as Snail, Slug, and ZEB1 transcription factors, and also decreasing PI3K/AKT, Smad2/3, and β-catenin intermediate molecules in vitro. Silibinin effectively ameliorated tumor growth in vivo. CONCLUSION silibinin could be considered a potent agent against ovarian cancer based on the results.
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17
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Rizk NI, Abulsoud AI, Kamal MM, Kassem DH, Hamdy NM. Exosomal-long non-coding RNAs journey in colorectal cancer: Evil and goodness faces of key players. Life Sci 2022; 292:120325. [PMID: 35031258 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are nano-vesicles (NVs) secreted by cells and take part in cell-cell communications. Lately, these exosomes were proved to have dual faces in cancer. Actually, they can contribute to carcinogenesis through epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), angiogenesis, metastasis and tumor microenvironment (TME) of various cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). On the other hand, they can be potential targets for cancer treatment. CRC is one of the most frequent tumors worldwide, with incidence rates rising in the recent decades. In its early stage, CRC is asymptomatic with poor treatment outcomes. Therefore, finding a non-invasive, early diagnostic biomarker tool and/or suitable defender to combat CRC is mandatory. Exosomes provide enrichment and safe setting for their cargos non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) and proteins, whose expression levels can be upregulated ordown-regulated in cancer. Hence, exosomes can be used as diagnostic and/or prognostic tools for cancer. Moreover, exosomes can provide a novel potential therapeutic modality for tumors via loading with specific chemotherapeutic agents, with the advantage of possible tumor targeting. In this review, we will try to collect and address recent studies concerned with exosomes and their cargos' implications for CRC diagnosis and/or hopefully, treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nehal I Rizk
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed I Abulsoud
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys Branch), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Kamal
- Pharmacology and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt (BUE), Cairo, Egypt; The Centre for Drug Research and Development, Faculty of Pharmacy, BUE, Cairo, Egypt; Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dina H Kassem
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nadia M Hamdy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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18
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Naz F, Tariq I, Ali S, Somaida A, Preis E, Bakowsky U. The Role of Long Non-Coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in Female Oriented Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:6102. [PMID: 34885213 PMCID: PMC8656502 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13236102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in molecular biology have discovered the mysterious role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as potential biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and targets for advanced cancer therapy. Studies have shown that lncRNAs take part in the incidence and development of cancers in humans. However, previously they were considered as mere RNA noise or transcription byproducts lacking any biological function. In this article, we present a summary of the progress on ascertaining the biological functions of five lncRNAs (HOTAIR, NEAT1, H19, MALAT1, and MEG3) in female-oriented cancers, including breast and gynecological cancers, with the perspective of carcinogenesis, cancer proliferation, and metastasis. We provide the current state of knowledge from the past five years of the literature to discuss the clinical importance of such lncRNAs as therapeutic targets or early diagnostic biomarkers. We reviewed the consequences, either oncogenic or tumor-suppressing features, of their aberrant expression in female-oriented cancers. We tried to explain the established mechanism by which they regulate cancer proliferation and metastasis by competing with miRNAs and other mechanisms involved via regulating genes and signaling pathways. In addition, we revealed the association between stated lncRNAs and chemo-resistance or radio-resistance and their potential clinical applications and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiza Naz
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, Allama Iqbal Campus, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Imran Tariq
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, Allama Iqbal Campus, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany or (S.A.); (A.S.); (E.P.)
| | - Sajid Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany or (S.A.); (A.S.); (E.P.)
- Angström Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Uppsala University, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ahmed Somaida
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany or (S.A.); (A.S.); (E.P.)
| | - Eduard Preis
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany or (S.A.); (A.S.); (E.P.)
| | - Udo Bakowsky
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany or (S.A.); (A.S.); (E.P.)
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19
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Sabol M, Calleja-Agius J, Di Fiore R, Suleiman S, Ozcan S, Ward MP, Ozretić P. (In)Distinctive Role of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Common and Rare Ovarian Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13205040. [PMID: 34680193 PMCID: PMC8534192 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13205040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Rare ovarian cancers (ROCs) are OCs with an annual incidence of fewer than 6 cases per 100,000 women. They affect women of all ages, but due to their low incidence and the potential clinical inexperience in management, there can be a delay in diagnosis, leading to a poor prognosis. The underlying causes for these tumors are varied, but generally, the tumors arise due to alterations in gene/protein expression in cellular processes that regulate normal proliferation and its checkpoints. Dysregulation of the cellular processes that lead to cancer includes gene mutations, epimutations, non-coding RNA (ncRNA) regulation, posttranscriptional and posttranslational modifications. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) are defined as transcribed RNA molecules, more than 200 nucleotides in length which are not translated into proteins. They regulate gene expression through several mechanisms and therefore add another level of complexity to the regulatory mechanisms affecting tumor development. Since few studies have been performed on ROCs, in this review we summarize the mechanisms of action of lncRNA in OC, with an emphasis on ROCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Sabol
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Jean Calleja-Agius
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta; (J.C.-A.); (R.D.F.); (S.S.)
| | - Riccardo Di Fiore
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta; (J.C.-A.); (R.D.F.); (S.S.)
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Sherif Suleiman
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta; (J.C.-A.); (R.D.F.); (S.S.)
| | - Sureyya Ozcan
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey;
- Cancer Systems Biology Laboratory (CanSyl), Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mark P. Ward
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, Emer Casey Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Trinity College Dublin and Coombe Women’s and Infants University Hospital, D08 RX0X Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Petar Ozretić
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-(1)-4571292
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20
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Tian X, Zuo X, Hou M, Li C, Teng Y. LncRNA-H19 regulates chemoresistance to carboplatin in epithelial ovarian cancer through microRNA-29b-3p and STAT3. J Cancer 2021; 12:5712-5722. [PMID: 34475985 PMCID: PMC8408112 DOI: 10.7150/jca.58979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Platinum-based chemotherapy is part of current standard treatment for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). However, chemoresistance often rapidly developed, leading to chemotherapy failure and unfavored prognosis. Increasing evidence has demonstrated the important role of oncogenic long noncoding RNA H19 in various cancers, including EOC. No current study is available in exploring the role of lncRNA-H19 in carboplatin resistance of EOC and its underlying mechanism. Methods: Levels of lncRNA-H19, miR-29b-3p, and STAT3 mRNA were measured by qRT-PCR. The 50% inhibitory concentration value was detected with Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8). Colony-formation and CCK8 assays were employed to measure cell viability. Cell migration and invasion ability was evaluated with transwells. Western blot assay was utilized to measure P-gp, MRP1, LRP, and STAT3 protein levels. The targeting between lncRNA-H19 and miR-29b-3p, as well as miR-29b-3p and STAT3, was verified by dual-luciferase, RNA immunoprecipitation, and RNA pull-down experiments. Results: lncRNA-H19 and STAT3 were sharply increased, while miR-29b-3p was decreased in carboplatin-resistant EOC. Carboplatin efficacy was enhanced by lncRNA-H19 silencing in chemo-resistant EOC cells. lncRNA-H19 served as a competing endogenous RNA of miR-29b-3p, causing the derepression of miR-29b-3p downstream target STAT3, leading to chemoresistance in carboplatin-tolerated EOC. Conclusions: The lncRNA-H19/miR-29b-3p axis improved carboplatin resistance of EOC by targeting STAT3, indicating a possible approach to improving chemotherapy for EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueye Tian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xiaohang Zuo
- Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Meng Hou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yue Teng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
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21
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Yang J, Qi M, Fei X, Wang X, Wang K. LncRNA H19: A novel oncogene in multiple cancers. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:3188-3208. [PMID: 34421359 PMCID: PMC8375239 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.62573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a series of non-coding RNAs that lack open reading frameworks. Accumulating evidence suggests important roles for lncRNAs in various diseases, including cancers. Recently, lncRNA H19 (H19) became a research focus due to its ectopic expression in human malignant tumors, where it functioned as an oncogene. Subsequently, H19 was confirmed to be involved in tumorigenesis and malignant progression in many tumors and had been implicated in promoting cell growth, invasion, migration, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, metastasis, and apoptosis. H19 also sequesters some microRNAs, facilitating a multilayer molecular regulatory mechanism. In this review, we summarize the abnormal overexpression of H19 in human cancers, which suggests wide prospects for further research into the diagnosis and treatment of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Manlong Qi
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Xiang Fei
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Kefeng Wang
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
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22
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Xie W, Sun H, Li X, Lin F, Wang Z, Wang X. Ovarian cancer: epigenetics, drug resistance, and progression. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:434. [PMID: 34404407 PMCID: PMC8369623 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02136-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in women. OC is associated with the activation of oncogenes, the inactivation of tumor suppressor genes, and the activation of abnormal cell signaling pathways. Moreover, epigenetic processes have been found to play an important role in OC tumorigenesis. Epigenetic processes do not change DNA sequences but regulate gene expression through DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNA. This review comprehensively considers the importance of epigenetics in OC, with a focus on microRNA and long non-coding RNA. These types of RNA are promising molecular markers and therapeutic targets that may support precision medicine in OC. DNA methylation inhibitors and histone deacetylase inhibitors may be useful for such targeting, with a possible novel approach combining these two therapies. Currently, the clinical application of such epigenetic approaches is limited by multiple obstacles, including the heterogeneity of OC, insufficient sample sizes in reported studies, and non-optimized methods for detecting potential tumor markers. Nonetheless, the application of epigenetic approaches to OC patient diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis is a promising area for future clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Xie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Xinhua Hospital, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, China
| | - Huizhen Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Xinhua Hospital, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoduan Li
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Feikai Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Xinhua Hospital, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziliang Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Xinhua Hospital, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xipeng Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Xinhua Hospital, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, China.
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23
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Xu H, Ding Y, Yang X. Overexpression of Long Noncoding RNA H19 Downregulates miR-140-5p and Activates PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway to Promote Invasion, Migration and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Ovarian Cancer Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6619730. [PMID: 34250088 PMCID: PMC8238588 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6619730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The abnormal expression of LncRNA H19 and miR-140-5p has been linked to ovarian cancer (OC). Whether H19 directly regulates miR-140-5p in ovarian cancer cells has been unclear. In this study, we deeply explored the relationship between H19 and miR-140-5p in ovarian cancer and the mechanism of action in regulating OC progression. METHODS A total of 66 patients with OC admitted to the hospital from June 2017 to June 2019 were selected as the research group (RG), and meanwhile, 60 cases of healthy subjects were selected as the control group (CG). In addition, OC cells and normal ovarian epithelial cells were used to detect H19 and miR-140-5p expression levels and to analyze the effect of H19 on OC cells. The activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway and downstream proteins were analyzed by western blot. RESULTS H19 was highly expressed while miR-140-5p was lowly expressed in OC patients and cell lines (P < 0.050). The proliferation, invasion, migration ability, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of OC cells were reduced after inhibiting H19 expression, and the apoptosis rate was increased. Transfection of cells with miR-140-5p mimics brought opposite effects. Online prediction and dual-luciferase reporter (DLR) confirmed that H19 directly binds miR-140-5p. Western blot assay indicated overexpression activated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in OC cells. Moreover, overexpression promoted tumor growth in nude mice and was suppressed by PI3K inhibitor. CONCLUSION LncRNA H19 downregulation of miR-140-5p to activate the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and promote the proliferation, invasion, migration and EMT of OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yuan Ding
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiangying Yang
- ICU Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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Zamaraev AV, Volik PI, Sukhikh GT, Kopeina GS, Zhivotovsky B. Long non-coding RNAs: A view to kill ovarian cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1876:188584. [PMID: 34157315 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
An emerging role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in tumor progression has been revealed in the last decade. Through interactions with nucleic acids and proteins, lncRNAs could act as enhancers, scaffolds or decoys for a number of oncoproteins and tumor suppressors. The aberrant lncRNA expression or mutations are often associated with changes in a variety of cellular processes, including proliferation, stress response and cell death. Here, we will focus on the tumor-associated lncRNAs in ovarian cancer according to their contribution to cancer hallmarks, such as intense proliferation, cell death resistance, altered energy metabolism, invasion and metastasis, and immune evasion. Moreover, the potential clinical implications of lncRNAs and their significance for the diagnosis, prognosis and therapy of ovarian cancer will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey V Zamaraev
- Faculty of Medicine, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel I Volik
- Faculty of Medicine, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Gennady T Sukhikh
- V. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Gelina S Kopeina
- Faculty of Medicine, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Boris Zhivotovsky
- Faculty of Medicine, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; Division of Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Deciphering the Long Non-Coding RNAs and MicroRNAs Coregulation Networks in Ovarian Cancer Development: An Overview. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061407. [PMID: 34204094 PMCID: PMC8227049 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs are emergent elements from the genome, which do not encode for proteins but have relevant cellular functions impacting almost all the physiological processes occurring in eukaryotic cells. In particular, microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a new class of small RNAs transcribed from the genome, which modulate the expression of specific genes at transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels, thus adding a new regulatory layer in the flux of genetic information. In cancer cells, the miRNAs and lncRNAs interactions with its target genes and functional pathways are deregulated as a consequence of epigenetic and genetic alterations occurring during tumorigenesis. In this review, we summarize the actual knowledge on the interplay of lncRNAs with its cognate miRNAs and mRNAs pairs, which interact in coregulatory networks with a particular emphasis on the mechanisms underlying its oncogenic behavior in ovarian cancer. Specifically, we reviewed here the evidences unraveling the relevant roles of lncRNAs/miRNAs pairs in altered regulation of cell migration, angiogenesis, therapy resistance, and Warburg effect. Finally, we also discussed its potential clinical implications in ovarian cancer and related endocrine disease therapies.
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Wang Y, Gao WJ. Long non-coding RNA-H19 promotes ovarian cancer cell proliferation and migration via the microRNA-140/Wnt1 axis. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2021; 37:768-775. [PMID: 34002485 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
To explore the effect and underlying molecular mechanism of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)-H19 on ovarian cancer (OC) cells, a total of 41 cases of OC and adjacent normal tissues were collected. H19 and microRNA (miR)-140 expressions in OC tissues and cells were detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-RCR). The correlation between H19 expression and prognosis of OC patient was analyzed. siRNA (si)-H19 and si-negative control (NC) were transfected into OC cells. Cell proliferation was checked by cell counting kit-8 assay and colony formation assay, and cell migration and invasion were analyzed via Transwell assay. The targeted binding relationship between H19 and miR-140 was predicted and verified, miR-140 downstream gene was predicted and Wnt1 was screened out. The impact of in-miR-140 on the si-H19-induced decreased OC cell proliferation and migration was evaluated. H19 expression was upregulated in OC tissues and cells, and its overexpression was associated with a poor prognosis of OC. si-H19 remarkably reduced OC cell proliferation and migration. H19 upregulated Wnt1 expression through targeting miR-140 in OC cells. Altogether, miR-140 was notably downregulated in OC, and in-miR-140 partially inhibited the si-H19-induced decrease of OC cell proliferation and migration. H19 competitively bound to miR-140 to upregulate Wnt1, thereby promoting OC cell proliferation and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Jiao Gao
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
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Non-Coding RNAs as Biomarkers of Tumor Progression and Metastatic Spread in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13081839. [PMID: 33921525 PMCID: PMC8069230 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13081839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Despite advances in cancer research in recent years, efficient predictive biomarkers of tumor progression and metastatic spread for ovarian cancer are still missing. Therefore, we critically address recent findings in the field of non-coding RNAs (microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs) and DNA methylation in ovarian cancer patients as promising novel biomarkers of ovarian cancer progression. Abstract Ovarian cancer is one of the most common causes of death among gynecological malignancies. Molecular changes occurring in the primary tumor lead to metastatic spread into the peritoneum and the formation of distant metastases. Identification of these changes helps to reveal the nature of metastases development and decipher early biomarkers of prognosis and disease progression. Comparing differences in gene expression profiles between primary tumors and metastases, together with disclosing their epigenetic regulation, provides interesting associations with progression and metastasizing. Regulatory elements from the non-coding RNA families such as microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs seem to participate in these processes and represent potential molecular biomarkers of patient prognosis. Progress in therapy individualization and its proper targeting also rely upon a better understanding of interactions among the above-listed factors. This review aims to summarize currently available findings of microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs linked with tumor progression and metastatic process in ovarian cancer. These biomolecules provide promising tools for monitoring the patient’s response to treatment, and further they serve as potential therapeutic targets of this deadly disease.
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Kumari A, Shonibare Z, Monavarian M, Arend RC, Lee NY, Inman GJ, Mythreye K. TGFβ signaling networks in ovarian cancer progression and plasticity. Clin Exp Metastasis 2021; 38:139-161. [PMID: 33590419 PMCID: PMC7987693 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-021-10077-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death in women. Late-stage diagnosis with significant tumor burden, accompanied by recurrence and chemotherapy resistance, contributes to this poor prognosis. These morbidities are known to be tied to events associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cancer. During EMT, localized tumor cells alter their polarity, cell-cell junctions, cell-matrix interactions, acquire motility and invasiveness and an exaggerated potential for metastatic spread. Key triggers for EMT include the Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGFβ) family of growth factors which are actively produced by a wide array of cell types within a specific tumor and metastatic environment. Although TGFβ can act as either a tumor suppressor or promoter in cancer, TGFβ exhibits its pro-tumorigenic functions at least in part via EMT. TGFβ regulates EMT both at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels as outlined here. Despite recent advances in TGFβ based therapeutics, limited progress has been seen for ovarian cancers that are in much need of new therapeutic strategies. Here, we summarize and discuss several recent insights into the underlying signaling mechanisms of the TGFβ isoforms in EMT in the unique metastatic environment of EOCs and the current therapeutic interventions that may be relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asha Kumari
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, WTI 320B, 1824 Sixth Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Zainab Shonibare
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, WTI 320B, 1824 Sixth Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Mehri Monavarian
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, WTI 320B, 1824 Sixth Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Rebecca C Arend
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology-Gynecologic Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - Nam Y Lee
- Division of Pharmacology, Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Gareth J Inman
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute and Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Karthikeyan Mythreye
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, WTI 320B, 1824 Sixth Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
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Zhou S, Huang C, Wang W, Liu J. MiR-370-3p inhibits the development of human endometriosis by downregulating EDN1 expression in endometrial stromal cells. Cell Biol Int 2021; 45:1183-1190. [PMID: 33470475 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
MiR-370-3p has been demonstrated to be downregulated in patients with endometriosis (EM). However, its role and molecular mechanisms in the progression of EM remain unclear. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to measure the expression of miR-370-3p and endothelin-1 (EDN1) in patients with or without EM. After miR-370-3p overexpression or knockdown in ectopic endometrial hEM15A cells, the changes in the proliferation, apoptosis, and migration and invasion capacities were detected by using cell counting kit-8, flow cytometry, and transwell methods. The interplay between miR-370-3p and EDN1 was confirmed by a luciferase reporter assay. Patients with EM showed adverse expression of EDN1 and miR-370-3p, especially in eutopic endometrium and ectopic endometrium. MiR-370-3p inhibited the proliferation, metastasis, and invasion capacities of hEM15A cells and promoted apoptosis. Investigation of its molecular mechanism revealed that miR-370-3p targeted EDN1 to influence the biological functions of hEM15A cells. MiR-370-3p represented as a therapeutic target for EM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Zhou
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chengyi Huang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pathology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Nandwani A, Rathore S, Datta M. LncRNAs in cancer: Regulatory and therapeutic implications. Cancer Lett 2020; 501:162-171. [PMID: 33359709 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.11.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) comprise a class of RNAs that do not code for proteins but are critical in regulating diverse cellular processes and maintaining cell function. In doing so, they have, in recent years, added a potentially new and significant layer of biological regulation. These are more than 200 nucleotides in length and are implicated in a range of diseases and therefore have emerged as potential tools for possible therapeutic intervention. For a disease as complex as cancer, emerging technologies suggest the presence of mutations on genomic loci that do not encode proteins, but give rise to lncRNAs. Aberrant signatures of lncRNAs are now a consistent feature of almost all types of cancers and their associated complications. Analysis and characterisation of functional pathways that lncRNAs are involved with suggest that lncRNAs interact with the chromatin, the protein or with the RNA to demonstrate their cellular effects to modulate proliferation, migration, differentiation, apoptosis and cell death. This review summarizes the current knowledge of lncRNAs, their implications in diverse types of cancer and their possible therapeutic utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Nandwani
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi, India and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shalu Rathore
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi, India and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Malabika Datta
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi, India and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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LncRNAs in Ovarian Cancer Progression, Metastasis, and Main Pathways: ceRNA and Alternative Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228855. [PMID: 33238475 PMCID: PMC7700431 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OvCa) develops asymptomatically until it reaches the advanced stages with metastasis, chemoresistance, and poor prognosis. Our review focuses on the analysis of regulatory long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) competing with protein-coding mRNAs for binding to miRNAs according to the model of competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) in OvCa. Analysis of publications showed that most lncRNAs acting as ceRNAs participate in OvCa progression: migration, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and metastasis. More than 30 lncRNAs turned out to be predictors of survival and/or response to therapy in patients with OvCa. For a number of oncogenic (CCAT1, HOTAIR, NEAT1, and TUG1 among others) and some suppressive lncRNAs, several lncRNA/miRNA/mRNA axes were identified, which revealed various functions for each of them. Our review also considers examples of alternative mechanisms of actions for lncRNAs besides being ceRNAs, including binding directly to mRNA or protein, and some of them (DANCR, GAS5, MALAT1, and UCA1 among others) act by both mechanisms depending on the target protein. A systematic analysis based on the data from literature and Panther or KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) databases showed that a significant part of lncRNAs affects the key pathways involved in OvCa metastasis, EMT, and chemoresistance.
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Oncul S, Amero P, Rodriguez-Aguayo C, Calin GA, Sood AK, Lopez-Berestein G. Long non-coding RNAs in ovarian cancer: expression profile and functional spectrum. RNA Biol 2020; 17:1523-1534. [PMID: 31847695 PMCID: PMC7567512 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2019.1702283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), initially recognized as byproducts of the transcription process, have been proven to play crucial modulatory roles in preserving overall homoeostasis of cells and tissues. Furthermore, aberrant levels of these transcripts have been shown to contribute many diseases, including cancer. Among these, many aspects of ovarian cancer biology have been found to be regulated by lncRNAs, including cancer initiation, progression and dissemination. In this review, we summarize recent studies to highlight the various roles of lncRNAs in ovary in normal and pathological conditions, immune system, diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy. We address lncRNAs that have been extensively studied in ovarian cancer and their contribution to cellular dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selin Oncul
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Hacettepe, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Paola Amero
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cristian Rodriguez-Aguayo
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - George A. Calin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anil K. Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gabriel Lopez-Berestein
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Luo M, Zhang L, Yang H, Luo K, Qing C. Long non‑coding RNA NEAT1 promotes ovarian cancer cell invasion and migration by interacting with miR‑1321 and regulating tight junction protein 3 expression. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:3429-3439. [PMID: 32945443 PMCID: PMC7453588 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have reported that long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have a significant role in the metastasis of tumors, including ovarian cancer (OC). The aim of the present study was to demonstrate the function and working mechanism of lncRNA nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1) in OC. The expressions of NEAT1 in OC were measured by reverse transcription‑quantitativePCR (RT‑qPCR). The effects of NEAT1 on cell proliferation, invasion, migration and epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) were detected by Cell Counting Kit‑8, transwell and wound healing assays, and western blotting. Dual‑luciferase reporter assays were performed to confirm the correlated between NEAT and miR‑1321, miR‑1321 and TJP3. The effect of NEAT1 on miR‑1321 and TJP3 was confirmed by RT‑qPCR and western blotting. Elevated expression of NEAT1 was observed in OC cell lines, and NEAT1 expression was found to be positively related to the expression of tight junction protein 3 (TJP3), which is important in cancer development. Moreover, the present results indicated that NEAT1 and TJP3 expression levels were negatively correlated with microRNA (miR)‑1321 expression in OC. Knockdown of NEAT1 attenuated the migration and invasion of OC cells, as well as increased miR‑1321 expression and in turn led to the reduction of TJP3. Thus, the present study demonstrated that NEAT1 regulates TJP3 expression by sponging miR‑1321 and enhances the epithelial‑mesenchymal transition, invasion and migration of OC cells. Overall, the present study identified the function and mechanism of NEAT1 in OC, suggesting that NEAT1 may be a promising therapeutic target for OC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Luo
- School of Medicine, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, P.R. China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Quality Standards for Traditional Chinese Medicine and National Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Yunnan Tumor Hospital & The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650118, P.R. China
| | - Hongying Yang
- Department of Gynecology, Yunnan Tumor Hospital & The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650118, P.R. China
| | - Kaili Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Chen Qing
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
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Xie C, Guo Y, Lou S. LncRNA ANCR Promotes Invasion and Migration of Gastric Cancer by Regulating FoxO1 Expression to Inhibit Macrophage M1 Polarization. Dig Dis Sci 2020; 65:2863-2872. [PMID: 31894487 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-019-06019-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) are closely related to the occurrence of cancer, but its mechanism in gastric cancer (GC) is still largely unclear. AIMS This study aimed to reveal the underlying mechanism of LncRNA ANCR in GC. METHODS The expression of LncRNA ANCR was detected by qRT-PCR. ELISA was used to identify THP-1 cells into macrophage M1 type polarization. After macrophages overexpressing LncRNA ANCR were co-cultured with GC cell HGC-27, the invasion and metastasis of GC were analyzed by Transwell assay. The targeted regulation of FoxO1 by LncRNA ANCR was analyzed by RNA pull-down, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), and Western blot. The BALB/c nude mouse model of GC was established to analyze the effect of LncRNA ANCR on tumor growth. RESULTS LncRNA ANCR was highly expressed in GC. The overexpression of LncRNA ANCR in macrophages reduced the concentrations of M1 macrophage polarized marker molecules IL-1β and IL-6 in the supernatant of cells, and inhibited the polarization of macrophages to M1, while the knockdown of LncRNA ANCR produced the opposite effect. The co-culture of macrophages overexpressing LncRNA ANCR with GC cells promoted the invasion and migration of cells. LncRNA ANCR targeted FoxO1 and inhibited the expression of FoxO1 in THP-1 cells by promoting FoxO1 ubiquitination degradation. In addition, the overexpression of LncRNA ANCR promoted tumor growth in a BALB/c nude mouse model of GC, while the knockdown of LncRNA ANCR produced the opposite effect. CONCLUSIONS Based on these results, the overexpression of LncRNA ANCR promoted the invasion and metastasis of GC cells via down-regulating FoxO1 to inhibit macrophage polarization to M1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunying Xie
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yanyan Guo
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Siyuan Lou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Min-De Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China.
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Ren XY, Yang WB, Tian Y. Overexpression of long noncoding RNA PTPRG-AS1 is associated with poor prognosis in epithelial ovarian cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 66:948-953. [PMID: 32844927 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.66.7.948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to play a critical role in tumor progression. Abnormal expression of LncRNA PTPRG antisense RNA 1 (PTPRG-AS1) has been reported in several tumors. Hence, we aimed to determine the expression and clinical significance of PTPRG-AS1 in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients. METHODS The expressions of PTPRG-AS1 were assessed in 184 pairs of EOC tumor specimens and adjacent normal tissues. The levels of target lncRNAs and GAPDH were examined using standard SYBR-Green methods. The relationships between the expressions of PTPRG-AS1 and the clinicopathological features were analyzed using the chi-square test. Multivariate analysis using the Cox proportional hazards model was performed to assess the prognostic value of PTPRG-AS1 in EOC patients. RESULTS We confirmed that the expressions of PTPRG-AS1 were distinctly higher in the EOC tissue compared with the adjacent non-tumor specimens (p < 0.01). Higher levels of PTPRG-AS1 in EOC patients were associated with advanced FIGO stage (p = 0.005), grade (p = 0.006), and distant metastasis (p = 0.005). Survival analyses revealed that patients with high expressions of PTPRG-AS1 had a distinctly decreased overall survival (p = 0.0029) and disease-free survival (p = 0.0009) compared with those with low expressions of PTPRG-AS1. Multivariate assays indicated that PTPRG-AS1 expression was an independent prognostic factor for both overall survival and disease-free survival in EOC (Both p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that PTPRG-AS1 may serve as a novel prognostic biomarker for EOC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ying Ren
- Department of Gynecology, Heji Hospital Affiliated, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
| | - Wei-Bin Yang
- Heping Hospital Affiliated, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
| | - Yun Tian
- Teaching and Research Office of Embryology, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
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Lin Y, Koumba MH, Qu S, Wang D, Lin L. Blocking NFATc3 ameliorates azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium induced colitis-associated colorectal cancer in mice via the inhibition of inflammatory responses and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Cell Signal 2020; 74:109707. [PMID: 32653643 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis-associated colorectal cancer (UC-CRC) is the most serious complication of ulcerative colitis (UC). Nuclear factor of activated T cells 3 (NFATc3) is participated in inflammation and cancer. In this study, we investigated the effects of NFATc3 on experimental UC-CRC in vivo and in vitro, and explored the underlying mechanisms. Administration of azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) induced UC-CRC model in C57BL/6 mice. Body weight was monitored weekly. Colon tissues were harvested at week 14. We examined changes in the histopathology, inflammatory cytokines, carcinogenesis factors, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers in colon tissues. We found that NFATc3 expression was significantly up-regulated in AOM/DSS treated mice compared with control. Mice lacking NFATc3 showed decreased tumor number and size, decreased mucosal damage, and increased survival rate. Moreover, down-regulation of NFATc3 could inhibit the proliferation and EMT of UC-CRC, decrease the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, reduce the colonic infiltration by neutrophils and macrophages, and suppress the activation of P38 and JNK signal pathway in mice. In In vitro experiments, silencing NFATc3 suppressed the proliferation and EMT of CRC cells, and reduced the activation of P38 and JNK. In addition, miR-370-3p could bind to NFATc3. Down-regulation of miR-370-3p promoted proliferation and EMT of CRC cells, while silencing NFATc3 could reverse these effects. In conclusion, NFATc3 was involved in the pathogenesis of experimental UC-CRC and NFATc3 knockdown ameliorated experimental UC-CRC progression via the inhibition of inflammatory responses and EMT. NFATc3 mediated the inhibitory effects of miR-370-3p on CRC cells proliferation and EMT. Targeting NFATc3 may be effective in treating UC-CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Moussa Harouna Koumba
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Suxuan Qu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongxu Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianjie Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang T, Lei F, Jiang T, Xie L, Huang P, Li P, Huang Y, Tang X, Gong J, Lin Y, Cheng A, Huang W. H19/miR-675-5p Targeting SFN Enhances the Invasion and Metastasis of Nasalpharyngeal Cancer Cells. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2020; 12:324-333. [PMID: 31677258 DOI: 10.2174/1874467212666190719120446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim is to study the role of miR-675-5p coded by long non-coding RNA H19 in the development of Nasopharyngeal Cancer (NPC) and whether miR-675-5p regulates the invasion and metastasis of NPC through targeting SFN (14-3-3σ). The study further validated the relationship between H19, miR-675-5p and SFN in NPC and their relationship with the invasion and metastasis of NPC. METHODS Western blot was used to detect the expression of 14-3-3σ protein in immortalized normal nasopharyngeal epithelial cells NP69 and different metastatic potential NPC cells, 6-10B and 5-8F. At the same time, to find out the relationship between 14-3-3σ protein and the expression of H19 and miR-675-5p, the expression of H19 and miR-675-5p in normal nasopharynx epithelial cells NP69 and varied nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells 6-10B and 5-8F were quantified by real-time PCR. MiR-675-5p mimic and inhibitor were transfected into NPC 6-10B to over-express and down-express miR-675-5p; miR-675-5p mimic negative control and inhibitor negative control were transfected into NPC 6-10B as control groups. The effect of over-expression and down-expression by miR-675-5p on the expression of 14-3-3σ protein was detected by Western blotting. The 3'-UTR segments of SFN, containing miR-675-5p binding sites were amplified by PCR and the luciferase activity in the transfected cells was assayed to detect whether SFN is the direct target of miR-675-5p. Transwell and scratch assays were used to verify the changes in NPC invasion and metastasis ability of mimics and inhibitors transfected with miR-675-5p. RESULTS The expression of 14-3-3σ protein in normal nasopharynx epithelial cells NP69 is significantly higher than in varied nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells, 6-10B and 5-8F (P<0.05), and the 14-3-3σ protein levels in low-metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell 6-10B is higher than in high-metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell 5-8F. The expression of H19 and miR-675-5p are significantly higher in NPC cells than in NP69 cell (P<0.05). The expression of H19 and miR-675-5p in high-Metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell 5-8F was higher than in low-Metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell 6-10B. The expression of 14-3-3σ protein in miR-675-5p mimic cells was significantly lower than in mimic NC (negative control) group and blank control group. However, compared with the blank control group, mimic NC showed no significant difference in 14-3-3σ protein between the two groups. The miR-675-5p inhibitor group was significantly higher than the inhibitor NC group and the blank control group (p<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the expression of 14-3-3σ protein in the inhibitor NC group and the blank control group (p>0.05). Dual-luciferase reporter assay system shows the 3'-UTR segments of SFN containing miR-675-5p binding sites. SFN was the target gene of miR-675-5p. CONCLUSION 14-3-3σ is downregulated in NPC and is involved in the development of NPC. H19 and miR- 675-5p are upregulated in NPC, which is related to the development of NPC. The over-expression of miR- 675-5p inhibits the expression of 14-3-3σ protein. SFN is the target gene of miR-675-5p. MiR-675-5p targets SFN, downregulates its protein expression and promotes the invasion and metastasis of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical College of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
| | - Fanghong Lei
- Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical College of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical College of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
| | - Lisha Xie
- Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical College of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
| | - Pin Huang
- Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical College of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
| | - Pei Li
- Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical College of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yun Huang
- Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical College of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xia Tang
- Hengyang Medical College of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jie Gong
- Hengyang Medical College of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yunpeng Lin
- Hengyang Medical College of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ailan Cheng
- Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical College of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China.,Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology (2016TP1015), Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
| | - Weiguo Huang
- Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical College of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China.,Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology (2016TP1015), Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
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Yi K, Hou M, Yuan J, Yang L, Zeng X, Xi M, Chen J. LncRNA PVT1 epigenetically stabilizes and post-transcriptionally regulates FOXM1 by acting as a microRNA sponge and thus promotes malignant behaviors of ovarian cancer cells. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:2860-2874. [PMID: 32655815 PMCID: PMC7344089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence demonstrates that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) may be involved in the regulation of cancer biology. PVT1, which is overexpressed in tumor samples, acts as an oncogenic promoter in several kinds of cancers, including ovarian cancer. However, the mechanisms of its regulation of malignant behaviors in ovarian cancer remain largely unknown. In this study, the expression of PVT1 in several ovarian cancer cell lines was analyzed by qRT-PCR. The effect of PVT1 on malignant behaviors, including cell proliferation, migration and invasion, was analyzed. The posttranscriptional regulation of FOXM1 by PVT1 was analyzed by western blotting. The results illustrated that PVT1 acted as a sponge and bound miR-370 on two binding sites. The expression of PVT1 positively regulated malignant behaviors in ovarian cancer cells, including cell proliferation, migration and invasion, which could be reversed by the introduction of miR-370 mimics. Sponged miR-370 failed to posttranscriptionally regulate FOXM1, which resulted in the promotion of malignant behavior. PVT1 was also found to bind to FOXM1 directly and stabilize the FOXM1 protein. The promoting effect of PVT1 on malignant behaviors and chemoresistance to cisplatin could be reversed by knockdown of FOXM1 and introduction of miR-370 mimics. Together, these results suggest that lncRNA PVT1 promotes malignant behavior and induces chemoresistance in ovarian cancer by epigenetic and posttranscriptional regulation of FOXM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Yi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan UniversityNo. 20, Section 3, RenminNanlu Road, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of EducationChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Minmin Hou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan UniversityNo. 20, Section 3, RenminNanlu Road, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of EducationChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jialing Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan UniversityNo. 20, Section 3, RenminNanlu Road, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of EducationChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Lingyun Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan UniversityNo. 20, Section 3, RenminNanlu Road, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of EducationChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xi Zeng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan UniversityNo. 20, Section 3, RenminNanlu Road, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of EducationChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingrong Xi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan UniversityNo. 20, Section 3, RenminNanlu Road, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of EducationChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan UniversityNo. 20, Section 3, RenminNanlu Road, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of EducationChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Esmaeili M, Shoorei H, Taheri M. A comprehensive review of the role of long non-coding RNAs in organs with an endocrine function. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 125:110027. [PMID: 32106365 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts with sizes larger than 200 nucleotides and no/ small open reading frame that cannot produce functional proteins. The number of these transcripts surpasses the number of coding genes. LncRNAs regulate many aspects of cell functions such as proliferation, cell cycle transition and differentiation; so their dysregulation has pervasive effects on cell phenotype. Increasing numbers of these transcripts have been shown to participate in the pathogenesis of cancer. In the current review, we summarize recent findings regarding the role of lncRNAs in tumors originated from organs which have an endocrine function. We mostly focused on adrenal, pancreas and pituitary gland as prototypes of these organs. Moreover, we presented the obtained data of the role of lncRNAs in prostate, ovarian and testicular cancers. Recent data highly supports the role of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of cancers originated from these organs. Moreover, certain genomic loci within lncRNAs have been shown to be associated with risk of these cancers. Diagnostic and prognostic role of some lncRNAs in these cancers have been evaluated recently. Taken together, lncRNAs are putative biomarkers for cancers originated from organs which have an endocrine function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadhosein Esmaeili
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Shoorei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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40
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Yu H, Li S, Wu SX, Huang S, Li S, Ye L. The prognostic value of long non-coding RNA H19 in various cancers: A meta-analysis based on 15 studies with 1584 patients and the Cancer Genome Atlas data. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e18533. [PMID: 31914026 PMCID: PMC6959945 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000018533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have shown that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) H19 is aberrantly expressed in various cancers. However, the prognostic significance of H19 in cancer patients remains to be elucidated. Here, we designed and conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the prognostic value of this lncRNA for malignant solid neoplasms. METHODS Relevant publications were collected from PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Embase databases. The relevant survival data of patients with H19-associated cancers were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project. Statistically significant relationships between H19 expression levels and overall survival were analyzed by hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS A total of 15 studies with 1584 patients were ultimately included for this literature meta-analysis. An elevated level of H19 expression was found to be negatively correlated with the overall survival (OS) (HR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.36-1.93, P < .001) in various cancers. Abnormal H19 expression was also positively correlated with poor tumor differentiation (P < .0001), more advanced clinical stage (P < .0001), earlier lymph node metastasis (P < .0001), and earlier distant metastasis (P < .05). The relationship between elevated H19 expression and overall survival was further validated by a TCGA dataset consisting of 7462 cancer patients (HR = 1.12, 95% CI = 1.03-1.22, P < .05). CONCLUSION Our study indicates that H19 expression is closely relevant to clinical outcome and suggests that lncRNA H19 could be a crucial prognostic biomarker for certain carcinoma types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University
| | - Shuo Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
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41
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Huang CC, Hung CH, Hung TW, Lin YC, Wang CJ, Kao SH. Dietary delphinidin inhibits human colorectal cancer metastasis associating with upregulation of miR-204-3p and suppression of the integrin/FAK axis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18954. [PMID: 31831830 PMCID: PMC6908670 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55505-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Delphinidin is a flavonoid belonging to dietary anthocyanidin family that has been reported to possess diverse anti-tumoral activities. However, the effects of delphinidin on colorectal cancer (CRC) cells and the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Thus, we aimed to investigate the anti-cancer activity of delphinidin in CRC cells and the underlying molecular mechanisms. The effects of delphinidin on the viability, metastatic characteristics, signaling, and microRNA (miR) profile of human CRC cell lines used were analyzed. In vivo metastasis was also evaluated using xenograft animal models. Our findings showed that delphinidin (<100 μM) inhibited the colony formation of DLD-1, SW480, and SW620 cells, but non-significantly affected cell viability. Delphinidin also suppressed the migratory ability and invasiveness of the tested CRC cell lines, downregulated integrin αV/β3 expression, inhibited focal adhesion kinase (FAK)/Src/paxillin signaling, and interfered with cytoskeletal construction. Analysis of the miR expression profile revealed a number of miRs, particularly miR-204-3p, that were significantly upregulated and downregulated by delphinidin. Abolishing the expression of one upregulated miR, miR-204-3p, with an antagomir restored delphinidin-mediated inhibition of cell migration and invasiveness in DLD-1 cells as well as the αV/β3-integrin/FAK/Src axis. Delphinidin also inhibited the lung metastasis of DLD-1 cells in the xenograft animal model. Collectively, these results indicate that the migration and invasion of CRC cells are inhibited by delphinidin, and the mechanism may involve the upregulation of miR-204-3p and consequent suppression of the αV/β3-integrin/FAK axis. These findings suggest that delphinidin exerts anti-metastatic effects in CRC cells by inhibiting integrin/FAK signaling and indicate that miR-204-3p may play an important role in CRC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Chou Huang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Hung
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Wei Hung
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chieh Lin
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chau-Jong Wang
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 402, Taiwan.
| | - Shao-Hsuan Kao
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 402, Taiwan.
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Li G, Zheng P, Wang H, Ai Y, Mao X. Long Non-Coding RNA TUG1 Modulates Proliferation, Migration, And Invasion Of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells Via Regulating miR-370-3p/MAPK1/ERK. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:10375-10388. [PMID: 31819520 PMCID: PMC6890183 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s217795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common form of acute leukemia in adults. Long non-coding RNA taurine-upregulated gene 1 (lncRNA TUG1) has been discovered to participate in multiple cancers including AML. However, the detailed mechanism of TUG1 in AML remains obscure. Materials and methods AML cell lines HL-60 and Kasumi-1 were taken as cell models. TUG1 knockdown or overexpression cell lines were generated. Then, the biological influence of TUG1 on cancer cells was studied using CCK-8 assay, transwell assay and Western blot in vitro. Interaction between TUG1 and miR-370-3p was determined by bioinformatics analysis, RT-PCR, and luciferase assay. Western blot, RT-PCR, and luciferase assay were carried out to validate the interaction between miR-370-3p and its target gene Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 (MAPK1). Results Knockdown of TUG1 markedly reduced viability and metastasis of AML cells, while its overexpression had the opposite effect. MAPK1 was verified as a target gene of miR-370-3p. TUG1 could reduce the level of functional miR-370-3p, facilitate MAPK1 expression, and in turn activate ERK1/2 signaling. Conclusion TUG1 could modulate malignant phenotypes of AML cells via miR-370-3p/MAPK1/ERK signaling. Our study would help to clarify the mechanism of AML tumorigenesis and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Peiming Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiling Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yushu Ai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohuan Mao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, People's Republic of China
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Wu F, Zhou J. CircAGFG1 promotes cervical cancer progression via miR-370-3p/RAF1 signaling. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:1067. [PMID: 31703640 PMCID: PMC6842182 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-6269-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In past decades, circular RNAs (circRNAs) have achieved increasing attention because of its regulatory role in different kinds of cancers. However, how circAGFG1 regulates cervical cancer (CC) is still largely undiscovered. This study aims to evaluate the role of a novel circRNAs and related molecular mechanism in CC cells. Methods High or low level of circAGFG1 was detected in CC cells or normal cell line with qRT-PCR. The proliferative and migratory abilities of CC cells were assessed with loss-of function assays. The downstream miRNA and mRNA of circAGFG1 were searched out and proved by using bioinformatics analysis and mechanism experiments. Recue assays were designed to confirm the role of circAGFG1/miR-370-3p/RAF1 axis in CC cell activities. Results The levels of circAGFG1 was abundant in CC cells in comparison with normal cervical cell End1/E6E7. The inhibitory effect of decreased circAGFG1 level on the proliferative and migratory abilities of CC cells was assessed. CircAGFG1 and miR-370-3p were localized in the cytoplasm and they can interact with each other. Moreover, miR-370-3p was downregulated in CC cells. We also determined the negative effect of miR-370-3p on RAF1. CircAGFG1 could promote RAF1 expression by absorbing miR-370-3p, thereby activating RAF/MEK/ERK pathway. circAGFG1 promoted proliferation and migration of CC cells via enhancing the activity of RAF/MEK/ERK pathway by sponging miR-370-3p and further regulating RAF1. Conclusion The results of this study provided new evidence that circAGFG1 acted as a vital regulator in cervical cancer proliferation and migration, giving great promise to apply it as a potential biomarker for diagnosis and therapy in CC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqin Wu
- Department of Gynecology, Shangluo Central Hospital, Shangluo City, 726000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jingjing Zhou
- Department of Gynaecology, Ankang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.47, Bashan Road(east), Hanbin District, Ankang City, 725000, Shaanxi Province, China.
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44
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Pulati N, Zhang Z, Gulimilamu A, Qi X, Yang J. HPV16+‐miRNAs in cervical cancer and the anti‐tumor role played by miR‐5701. J Gene Med 2019; 21:e3126. [PMID: 31498525 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nuerbieke Pulati
- Department of Radiation OncologyPeople's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Urumqi Xinjiang China
| | - Zegao Zhang
- Department of Radiation OncologyPeople's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Urumqi Xinjiang China
| | - Aireti Gulimilamu
- Department of Radiation OncologyPeople's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Urumqi Xinjiang China
| | - Xiaoli Qi
- Department of Radiation OncologyPeople's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Urumqi Xinjiang China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Radiation OncologyPeople's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Urumqi Xinjiang China
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45
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Hao Y, Baker D, Ten Dijke P. TGF-β-Mediated Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Cancer Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20112767. [PMID: 31195692 PMCID: PMC6600375 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 624] [Impact Index Per Article: 124.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is a secreted cytokine that regulates cell proliferation, migration, and the differentiation of a plethora of different cell types. Consistent with these findings, TGF-β plays a key role in controlling embryogenic development, inflammation, and tissue repair, as well as in maintaining adult tissue homeostasis. TGF-β elicits a broad range of context-dependent cellular responses, and consequently, alterations in TGF-β signaling have been implicated in many diseases, including cancer. During the early stages of tumorigenesis, TGF-β acts as a tumor suppressor by inducing cytostasis and the apoptosis of normal and premalignant cells. However, at later stages, when cancer cells have acquired oncogenic mutations and/or have lost tumor suppressor gene function, cells are resistant to TGF-β-induced growth arrest, and TGF-β functions as a tumor promotor by stimulating tumor cells to undergo the so-called epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The latter leads to metastasis and chemotherapy resistance. TGF-β further supports cancer growth and progression by activating tumor angiogenesis and cancer-associated fibroblasts and enabling the tumor to evade inhibitory immune responses. In this review, we will consider the role of TGF-β signaling in cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, EMT and cancer cell metastasis. In particular, we will highlight recent insights into the multistep and dynamically controlled process of TGF-β-induced EMT and the functions of miRNAs and long noncoding RNAs in this process. Finally, we will discuss how these new mechanistic insights might be exploited to develop novel therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hao
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology and Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - David Baker
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology and Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Peter Ten Dijke
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology and Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Yang Y, Zhao Y, Zhang W, Bai Y. Whole transcriptome sequencing identifies crucial genes associated with colon cancer and elucidation of their possible mechanisms of action. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:2737-2747. [PMID: 31043791 PMCID: PMC6463780 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s195235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the key long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) associated with colon cancer and elucidate their possible mechanisms of action. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eight early-stage (ES) colon tumor tissues, eight late-stage (LS) colon tumor tissues, and eight normal tissues were collected, and they were subjected to high-throughput RNA sequencing. Subsequently, comprehensive bioinformatics analyses, including the identification of differentially expressed mRNAs and lncRNAs, functional enrichment analysis, and construction of a protein-protein interaction network and an miRNA-lncRNA-mRNA regulatory network were performed. Additionally, the expression of key lncRNAs was verified using real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). RESULTS In total, 549 common differentially expressed mRNAs and 30 common differentially expressed lncRNAs were identified in both the ES and LS colon cancer samples upon comparison with the normal samples. Functional enrichment analysis showed that KIAA0125 was significantly enriched in the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and that MSTRG.35002.1 was markedly enriched in BMP signaling-related functions. Moreover, key miRNA-lncRNA-mRNA relationships, such as hsa-miR-29b-3p-KIAA0125-BCL2 and hsa-miR-29b-3p-MSTRG.35002.1-MMP2, were identified. Notably, the qPCR assay confirmed that KIAA0125 and MSTRG.35002.1 were significantly downregulated in both ES and LS colon tumor tissues compared with normal colon tissues. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that key lncRNAs, including KIAA0125 and MSTRG.35002.1, may be involved in colorectal cancer (CRC) development. Downregulation of KIAA0125 may contribute to CRC development via sponging of hsa-miR-29b-3p to regulate BCL2 expression or regulating the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Downregulation of MSTRG.35002.1 may promote CRC development via sponging of hsa-miR-29b-3p to regulate MMP2 expression or regulating the BMP signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, People's Republic of China,
| | - Yanan Zhao
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, People's Republic of China,
| | - Wenlong Zhang
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, People's Republic of China,
| | - Yuansong Bai
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, People's Republic of China,
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Rao S, Mishra L. Targeting Transforming Growth Factor Beta Signaling in Liver Cancer. Hepatology 2019; 69:1375-1378. [PMID: 30549280 PMCID: PMC6854682 DOI: 10.1002/hep.30426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuyun Rao
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, DC,
20052
| | - Lopa Mishra
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, DC,
20052,Department of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC,
USA
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Lin CP, Lin CS, Lin HH, Li KT, Kao SH, Tsao SM. Bergapten induces G1 arrest and pro-apoptotic cascade in colorectal cancer cells associating with p53/p21/PTEN axis. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2019; 34:303-311. [PMID: 30576070 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Bergapten is a natural compound and has potent anticancer activities. In this study, we explored the cytotoxicity of bergapten on colorectal cancer (CRC) cell DLD-1 and LoVo and its underlying mechanisms. We observed that bergapten (30 and 50 μM) decreased the viability of the CRC cells and induced the G0/G1 and sub-G1 phase arrest. Furthermore, immunoblotting results indicated that bergapten increased p53, phospho-p53(Ser-46), p21, PUMA, Bax, PTEN, and the caspase-9 and caspase-3 cleavage, but decreased cyclin E, CDK2, and phosphor-AKT(Ser-473) in the CRC cells. Inhibition of p53 by pifithrin-α reversed the bergapten-induced p53-mediated apoptotic cascade and restored the survival signaling and cell viability. Collectively, our findings reveal that bergapten decrease the cell viability and induce cell cycle arrest in the CRC cells, which may be attributed to p53-mediated apoptotic cascade, upregulation of p21 and PTEN, and inhibition of AKT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Pin Lin
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Shiang Lin
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Han Lin
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Te Li
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Hsuan Kao
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Medical Laboratory, Department of Medical Science, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ming Tsao
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Sections of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Jia B, Wang Z, Sun X, Chen J, Zhao J, Qiu X. Long noncoding RNA LINC00707 sponges miR-370-3p to promote osteogenesis of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells through upregulating WNT2B. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:67. [PMID: 30795799 PMCID: PMC6387535 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1161-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HBMSCs) are characterized by multiple differentiation potential and potent self-renewal ability, yet much remains to be elucidated on what determines these properties. Long-chain noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been suggested to be involved in multiple biological processes under physiological and pathological conditions, including osteogenic differentiation. METHODS Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay, ALP staining, and Alizarin Red Staining were used for osteogenic potential detection. Western blot and qRT-PCR were used to examine the expression of LINC00707 and miR-370-3p. RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation was used to detect the interaction between LINC00707 and RNA-induced silencing complex. Luciferase reporter assay was used to confirm the binding sites of miR-370-3p to LINC00707 and WNT2B. RESULTS We demonstrated that LINC00707 expression was gradually increased in HBMSCs during consecutive osteogenic induction, and it could further positively regulate the osteogenic differentiation both in vitro and in vivo, whereas LINC00707 inhibition led to suppressed osteogenic differentiation. Thereafter, we inferred a predicted interaction between LINC00707 and miR-370-3p and then confirmed the direct binding sites of miR-370-3p on LINC00707. While miR-370-3p upregulation led to decreased osteogenic differentiation, LINC00707 overexpression could reverse this suppression, indicating that LINC00707 acts as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for miR-370-3p. Moreover, LINC00707 could act as a ceRNA to upregulate WNT2B via miR-370-3p inhibition. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, our study provides a novel lncRNA-miRNA regulatory network and a promising target to modulate the osteogenic differentiation of HBMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Jia
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Zhiping Wang
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Xiang Sun
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Jianjiang Zhao
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Xiaoling Qiu
- Department of General consulting and Emergency, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, 366 South Jiang Nan Road, Haizhu, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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Wang JY, Lu AQ, Chen LJ. LncRNAs in ovarian cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2018; 490:17-27. [PMID: 30553863 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the most common gynecologic malignancies and has a poor prognosis. Recently, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified as key regulators of cancer development. Studies have shown that the dysregulation of lncRNAs is frequently observed in ovarian cancer and greatly contributes to malignant phenotypical changes. In this review, we provide perspectives on the involvement of lncRNAs in the proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, migration, invasion, metastasis and drug resistance of ovarian cancer based on recent discoveries. Then, we discuss the role of lncRNAs in predicting the prognosis of ovarian cancer. Finally, we provide insight into the potential of lncRNAs for evaluating the diagnosis and prognosis of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Yan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhangjiagang First People's Hospital, Zhangjiagang 215600, Jiangsu, PR China; Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Ai-Qing Lu
- Zhangjiagang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang 215600, PR China
| | - Li-Juan Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhangjiagang First People's Hospital, Zhangjiagang 215600, Jiangsu, PR China.
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